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Download Download Scientia Moralitas International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Vol. 5, No. 1, 2020 Editor: Dr. Ioan–Gheorghe Rotaru SCIENTIA MORALITAS Vol. 5, No. 1 | Year 2020 Scientia Moralitas Research Institute Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA www.scientiamoralitas.org E-mail: [email protected] Ioan–Gheorghe Rotaru, Editor-in-Chief LIBRARY OF CONGRESS * U.S. ISSN CENTER ISSN 2472-5331 (Print) ISSN 2472-5358 (Online) Copyright © 2020 Authors First published, 2016 CONTENTS Editorial vii Ioan-Gheorghe Rotaru Ancient Legal Codes as Basis for Artificial 1 Julia M. Puaschunder Intelligence Regulations in the 21st Century Dieter Feierabend Ethics and Morality in Plato’s Vision 16 Ion-Lucian Răcilă Religiosity and Psychological Welfare. 35 Maria Belea Approaching Perspectives in the Romanian Scientific Context Proof of the Ability of Hedge Funds’ Activists 48 Susanne Schwill to Restructure Target Firms The Role and Importance of the Integrity 73 Otilia Manta Public Advertiser in Professional Ethics The Sources of Pauline Ethos 87 Ioan Szasz Moral Leadership 103 Cristian Marius Munteanu The Offense of Failure to Declare 114 Nicoleta-Elena Hegheș Information. Some Moral and Legal Issues Tactical Particularities of Performing 122 Adrian Cristian Moise the Body Search The Spiritual “Freelancers”: Young 131 Adrian Schiffbeck People,Religiosity and Community Problem Solving Sovereignty and Declaration of Independence 153 Gorincioi Grigore of the Republic of Moldova Intercommunity Violence in Ghardaia 169 Hamdi Lahcene between Heavy Fire and Compromise. Meanings and Mechanisms “Still Death” by Hmilar: Intermediality 182 Iraida Tombulatova and Intertextuality in Creating the Image of Passing The Little Book of Good Habits for Young People 190 Stelian Manolache EDITORIAL BOARD Ioan Gheorghe Rotaru, ‘Timotheus’ Brethren Theological Institute of Bucharest, Romania Nicoleta-Elena Heghes, “Dimitrie Cantemir” Christian University of Bucharest, Romania Julia M. Puaschunder, The New School, The Schwartz Center for Economic Policy Analysis, United States Mimouna Zitouni, Mohamed Ben Ahmed University, Algeria Stefan Bratosin, University of Montpellier, France Robert Czulda, University of Lodz, Poland Maila Dinia Husni Rahiem, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Indonesia Nasraldin Omer, University of the Western Cape, South Africa Adeyemi Oginni, University of Lagos, Nigeria Mihaela Alexandra Tudor, Paul Valéry University of Montpellier 3, France Titus Corlatean, "Dimitrie Cantemir” Christian University, Romania Salam Omar, Abu Dhabi University, United Arab Emirates Emilia Vasile, Athenaeum University of Bucharest, Romania Naira Hakobyan, National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia Marian Gh. Simion, Harvard University, United States Consuela Wagner, Institut für Bildung und Persönlichkeitsförderung, Pfinztal,G ermany Livia Ivascu, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain Zorica Triff, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca; North University Center from Baia Mare, Romania Konstantin Pantserev, St. Petersburg University, Russian Federation Ibanga Ikpe, University Of Botswana, Botswana Nina Corcinschi, „Ion Creangă” State Pedagogical University; Institute of Philology of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova, Moldova, Republic of Arpad Kovacs, Adventist Theological College, Pecel, Hungary Brindusa Covaci, Centre for Risk Studies in Economy and Social Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania vi Scientia Moralitas International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research ISSN 2472-5331 (Print) | ISSN 2472-5358 (Online) | Vol. 5, No. 1, 2020 Editorial Ioan-Gheorghe Rotaru Professor PhD.Dr.Habil. ‘Timotheus’ Brethren Theological Institute of Bucharest, Romania [email protected] Moral values ​​are those that guide ethics. Ethics comes from the Greek ethos, which usually has meaning, and Aristotle, who used the term, studied people’s behaviors to see their tendencies, the relationship between morality and people’s actions, which were either moral or less moral. Ethics is the science that deals with the study of the main patterns of behavior and their relationship with morality. Christian ethics deals with the study of human behavior in the light of scriptural teachings and predominantly the Ten Commandments, and can conclude that ethics is meant to be a study of proper, harmonious and just behavior, and morality is the foundation of ethics. Parents are the first to lay the foundations for the later moral and ethical behavior of children, and the child will not necessarily become what the parent wants, but what he is, because he copies more what he sees than what he hears, to which he will add the values discovered​​ in the formative process of education. Morality teaches us how to think healthily, and ethics teaches us how to act in this direction. Morality and ethics intersect because one can be ethical, without being moral, or be moral, without being ethical. From the intersection of morality with ethics appear common values, but also specific values. From an ethical point of view, according to Kant’s conception, morality is unchangeable, and ethical values ​​ are adjustable, adaptable, different from one culture to another. What is considered to be good, to be ethical in one culture, is not considered the same in another culture. What was considered ethical in one generation is not considered the same in another generation. Thus, while ethics changes and adjusts its values, morality does not change its values, being applicable in any generation and any culture, due to the fact that they support and defend fundamental human rights. Morality aims to always show us what is good and what is bad, and ethics teaches us how to apply this, living in such a way that we are safe from doing bad. Ethics is also about relationship and attitude, but morality goes beyond them. Man is endowed with two specific freedoms. Man, as a human being, is endowed with the freedom to exist, which is a supreme freedom and with the freedom to act, but through the freedom to act one can violate the freedom of existence of the other. Thus, the freedom to act must always be used in such a way as not to jeopardize vii 8 SCIENTIA MORALITAS | VOL. 5, No. 1, 2020 the freedom and right of existence of others. Ethics teaches the art of knowing how to live, of living beautifully, elegantly, of living and appreciating the beauty of moments, even the most fascinating show can turn into suffering if it is not lived beautifully. Joy and appreciation poured out on others will return to the one who pours it out, because joy and happiness do not come from others, but only to the extent that we pour it out on them, it will return to us as well. The good moral values that a person has will lead to a good ethic. Morality is meant to shape human thinking, and ethics makes morality come to life. Human personality is defined by four factors, namely: free will, uniqueness, conscience and social being. Freedom of choice is a foundation, a natural right inherent in any human being. Thus a moral and ethical person will not disregard, disapprove, minimize one’s choice, based on his freedom of choice and his uniqueness, for the fact that being unique people we as human beings cannot perceive the same. A man with a clean ethical behavior can feel truly free, because the lack of guilt, of duty to someone, gives the feeling of a freedom that every being dreams of. Ethics in general addresses both the individual and social policies. From a social point of view, people need unity of behavior at least in the great problems facing humanity, but when it comes to ethics on a personal level, due to the fact that we are unique, we have unique perceptions, we have the ability to understand, unique exploration, critique and analysis capacities, we must respect ourselves, because uniqueness is a factor of growth, of personal development to the limit when the rights of the other begin. Anyone can have personal ideas but in society the behavior must be according to social ethics or according to the respective community. We mention the fact that it is possible for a social ethic to violate some moral principles for various reasons. Under these conditions, the individual must decide not to violate the code of moral values that he has and which is inviolable. For a person with strong moral principles, they will always have priority, overcoming the requirements of social ethics when they stumble from their own moral values, even at the risk of suffering consequences, and the person being sanctioned by society for such an attitude. The Stoics, who discovered one by one the three great pillars of philosophy, and the first pillar was considered to be theory. They looked at the universe and found it to be very orderly, clean, harmonious and concluded that this could be the model for humans and while studying the universe they discovered the essences of the world, and the first of them was considered to be harmony, justice and beauty, calling it kosmos, which means beautiful. Fascinated by this essence, the beauty, harmony and order of the universe, the Stoics concluded that humans should copy this divine essence of the universe and live defined by beauty, harmony and order. Scientia Moralitas International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research ISSN 2472-5331 (Print) | ISSN 2472-5358 (Online) | Vol. 5, No. 1, 2020 DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3959780 Ancient Legal Codes as Basis for Artificial Intelligence Regulations in the 21st Century* Julia M. Puaschunder The New School, Department of Economics, NY, USA [email protected],
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