JOURNAL Volume LVI Numbers 1&2 Spring/Fall 2019 Cover Photo: East Fordham Road at Night in Early 1940’S with the RKO Fordham and Valentine Theatres
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The Bronx County Historical Society JOURNAL Volume LVI Numbers 1&2 Spring/Fall 2019 Cover Photo: East Fordham Road at night in early 1940’s with the RKO Fordham and Valentine Theatres. Photo courtesy Arturo Viale. JOURNAL Volume LVI Numbers 1&2 Spring/Fall 2019 The Bronx County Historical Society Editorial Board Elizabeth Beirne G. Hermalyn Peter Derrick Patrick Logan Kelly Jutsum Roger Wines The Bronx CSotuenvteyn H Pisatyorniecal Society Journal The Bronx County Historical Socie©ty 2Jo0u1r9n bayl The Bronx County Historical SAomciertyic, aIn: cH. istory and Life, Periodical Source Index Recent Scholarshipi sO pnluinbelisThheed B bryo nTxh Ceo uBnrtoyn Hx isCtoourinctay l HSoisctieotryic Jaolu Sroncaiel ty, Inc. All correspondence should be addressed to 3309 Bainbridge Avenue, The Bronx, New York, 10467. Articles appearing in are abstracted and indexed in , and . and its editors disclaim responsibility for statements made by the contributors. ISSN 0007-2249 Microfilm anTdh Me iBcronfixc hCeo uisnstuye H ainstdo rairctaicl lJeo ucornpaiel s are available through University Microfilms International: 100 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48106. www.bronxhistoricalsociety.org Articles in can also be found on EBSCO host research databases and on our website. 1 THE BRONX COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY President Trustee Vice President Trustee Treasurer Trustee SecretarTy RUSTEES Trustee Ms. Jacqueline KutTnreurs, tee Ms. Mei Sei FonTgr, ustee Mr. Anthony MoranTter,u stee Dr. G. Hermalyn, Trustee Mr. Patrick Logan, Mr. Joel Podgor, C.P.A., Mr. Larry Barazzotto, Prof. Lloyd Ultan, Mr. Steve Baktidy, Mr. Gil Walton, Mr. Robert Esnard, Mr. Jac Zadrima, Mayor of New York City President of the Borough of The Bronx HCoomnm. Bisislilo dner B olfa tshieo New York CEitxy -OFFICIHCO oomnm. Risusiboenner D oifa tzh,e J Nr. ew York City Parks & Recreation Department of Cultural Affairs Hon. Mitchell Silver Hon. Tom Finkelpearl CEO Valentine-Varian House Senior Interpreter Chief Administrative Officer Dr. Gary HermalySnT,A AFrF chives Consultant Mr. Clarence Addo-YEodbuoc, ator, Coordinator Archivist Emeritus Mrs. Teresa BrowAnc,c ounting Mr. Nestor Danyluk, Facilities Coordinator Ms. Vivian E. Davis, Dr. Peter Derrick, National History Consultant Ms. Denise Diaz, Membership/Projects Secretary Mr. Daniel Eisenstein, Poe Cottage Senior Interpreter Mr. Justin Mashia, EducatoDr irector of Museums/Curator Mr. Sidney HorenCstoenisnu, ltant Mrs. KBerlloyn Jxu Atsfurimca, n American History Project, Mr. GleFionridnh Mamar Utinievze,r sity Ms. Kathleen A. MOcfAfiuclee Cy,l erk Dr. Mark Naison, Librarian/Archivist Mr. Chris Padilla, Dr. Steven Payne, 2 Volume LVI Numbers 1&2 Spring/Fall 2019 ARTICLES The Important of The Battle of Pell’s Point: Myth and Reality 284 Alexander Avenue: Gemütlichkeit ..................................................................................................6 Lloyd Ultan The Bronx: An Academic Powerhouse ..................................................27 Sandra Eaton Reminiscence: It Was a Great Place to Live, The Bronx ..................................................41 Patrick J. T. Curran About the Authors ...............45 Phil Berle (d. 1999) ............................................................................................BOOK REVIEWS 49 Pastrami on Rye MPearwrkicn hester (2015), by Steven Payne ..............................................53 GuCrooncckrete Jungle (2019), by Steven Payne .......................................................57 ElAd rHeidstgoer iacnadl SHkoertechn sotfe Tinh e Bronx (2014), by G. Hermalyn .................................................60 Hermalyn and Ultan (2018), by Richard Legnini .........60 3 2019 Concrete Jungle: NYC And Our Last Hope 2005 The Devil’s Own Work: The Civil War Draft For A Sustainable Future Riots and the Fight to Reconstruct America NilesT EhldNirsid gEaen &Wn Suida nYel ya OHworRaenrsdKte iin s, U prResBenAteNMdr . tBHoar ntIehtSte ST cahueOcttehRr,o WYra lok: efr a& Company. IUSnivAerdsBitiys Eotfi CnLagliLfuoriEnsiah PeHrdes Esw. RorMk inA NLe2Y0w04 N YTo hBer IkslOa undrO abt taKhen C ehAntiesrW toof thrAey W. RorldD : The Epic 2018 Digging The Bronx: Recent Anthology Story of Dutch Manhattan, the Foreign Colony Prof. Alan Gilbert, The Bronx County that Shaped America Historical Society. Mr. Russell Shorto, Doubleday 2017 The New York Botanical Garden Broadway Publishing Group. Mr. Gregory Long & Mr. Todd A. Forest, 2003 Capital City: New York City and the Men Abrams Books. Behind America’s Rise to Economic 2016 The Bronx Documentary Project Dominance, 1860-1900 Ms. Judith C. Lane & Mr. Daniel Hauben. Prof. Thomas Kessner, Simon & Schuster. 2015 An Irrepressible Conflict: 2002 Tunneling to the Future: The Story of the The Empire State in Civil War Great Subway Expansion that Saved New York Ms. Jennifer A. Lemak, Aaron Noble, Dr. Peter Derrick, Robert Weible, SUNY Press. New York University Press. 2014 Supreme City 2001 The Monied Metropolis: New York City and Mr. Donal Miller, Simon & Schuster. the Consolidation of the American Bourgeoisie, 2013 Humans of New York 1850-1896 Mr. Brandon Stanton, St. Martin’s Press. Prof. Sven Beckert, 2012 The Impeachment of Governor Salzer Cambridge University Press. Mr. Matthew L. Lifflander, SUNY Press. 2000 Bronx Accent: A Literary and Pictorial 2011 Freedomland History of the Borough Mr. Robert McLaughlin & Prof. Lloyd Ultan and Mr. Frank Adamo, Arcadia Publishers. Prof. Barbara Unger 2010 Band of Union: Building The Erie Canal Rutgers Press. and the American Empire 1999 The Neighborhoods of Brooklyn Mr. Gerard T. Koppel, Da Capa Press. Prof. John Manbeck, consulting editor, 2009 Manahatta Ms. Zella Jones, project coordinator, Dr. Eric W. Sanderson, Abrams Books. Citizens Committee for New York City 2008 The New York, Westchester and Boston University Press. Railway: J.P. Morgan’s Magnificent Mistake 1998 American Metropolis: A History Mr. Herbert Harwood, of New York City Indiana University Press. Prof. George Kankevich, 2007 Trying Leviathan: The Nineteenth Century New York University Press. New York Case that put the Whale on Trial 1997 Elected Public Officials of and Challenged the Order of Nature The Bronx Since 1898 Prof. D, Graham Burnett, Mrs. Laura Tosi, compiler, Princeton University Press. Dr. Gary Hermalyn, editor, 2006 Ladies and Gentlemen, The Bronx is Burning: The Bronx County Historical Society. 1977, Baseball, Politics, and the Battle for the 1996 Morris High School & The Creation of the Soul of a City New York City Public High School System Mr. Jonathan Mahler, Dr. Gary Hermalyn, Ferrar, Straus & Giroux. The Bronx County Historical Society. 4 The Bronx County Historical Society encourages the establishment of named endowment funds. Funds may be created to support the many different programs of The Society or may be established for restriEcteNd usDe. OWED FUNDS The funds appear permanently on the financial records of The Historical Society in recognition of their ongoing support of its work. Named endowment funds are established for a gift of $5000 or more and once begun additional contributions may be made at any time. The following funds currently support The Society’s work: Astor Fund, Bingham Fund, Elbaum Fund, Fernandez Fund, General Board Fund, Gordon Fund, Gouverneur Morris Fund, Halpern Memorial Fund, Hermalyn Institute, Isabelle Fund, Khan Fund, Lampell Fund, Library Fund, Parisse Fund, Sander Fund, and Ultan Fund. For further details, contact: Mr. Joel Podgor, C.P.A. Treasurer Emeritus 718-881-8900 5 Statue of John Glover, Boston, Massachusetts, 1904. Courtesy of the Library of Congress, Detroit Publishing Company photograph collection. 6 THE IMPORTANCE OF THE BATTLE OF PELL’S POINT: MYTH AND REALITY Lloyd Ultan During the American Revolution, many engagements between the forces of Great Britain and the American colonies were recorded. One of them began in today’s Pelham Bay Park in The Bronx. Ask people what they know about it, and most would reply that they never heard of it. Even most lovers of history and professional historians overlook it or give it short shrift. Yet historians of The Bronx and Westchester County have studied the engagement in some detail and have insisted that it was a military encounter of great significance for the course of the Revolution and for the fate of the future United States. As such, there is controversy about the importance of that military encounter. Even the name is in dispute. Most Westchester County historians refer to it at the “Battle of Pelham,” the “Battle of Pelham Manor,” or the “Battle of Pelham Bay.” Bronx historians prefer the “Battle of Pell’s Point.” Some historians insist that it should not even be given the status of a “battle,” but instead be referred to as a mere “skirmish.” Therefore, we ought to examine this military encounter to try to determine what was at stake in it, what happened, what was its result, and what was its ultimate importance. To do so, we have to return to the month of October 1776. During that month, the British forces were on the move. The strategy of their commander, General Sir William Howe, was to try to trap George Washington and his rag-tag collection of Continental soldiers augmented by local militia units, to capture them all, and to put an end to the pesky rebellion that had so disrupted the mighty British Empire. Since August, with a combination of skill and a large dose of good luck, Washington had eluded Howe’s grasp. The first time, in August, the American commander successfully evacuated