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Examining Post-Adoption Services: What Adoptive Families Need for Beneficial Outcomes Lindsey Crawford University of St

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Examining Post-Adoption Services: What Adoptive Families Need for Beneficial Outcomes Lindsey Crawford University of St University of St. Thomas, Minnesota St. Catherine University Social Work Master’s Clinical Research Papers School of Social Work 2017 Examining Post-Adoption Services: What Adoptive Families Need for Beneficial Outcomes Lindsey Crawford University of St. Thomas, Minnesota, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.stthomas.edu/ssw_mstrp Part of the Clinical and Medical Social Work Commons, and the Social Work Commons Recommended Citation Crawford, Lindsey, "Examining Post-Adoption Services: What Adoptive Families Need for Beneficial Outcomes" (2017). Social Work Master’s Clinical Research Papers. 720. https://ir.stthomas.edu/ssw_mstrp/720 This Clinical research paper is brought to you for free and open access by the School of Social Work at UST Research Online. It has been accepted for inclusion in Social Work Master’s Clinical Research Papers by an authorized administrator of UST Research Online. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Running head: EXAMINING POST-ADOPTION SERVICES Examining Post-Adoption Services: What Adoptive Families Need for Beneficial Outcomes by Lindsey M. Crawford, B.A. MSW Clinical Research Paper Presented to the Faculty of the School of Social Work St. Catherine University and the University of St. Thomas St. Paul, Minnesota in Partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Social Work Committee Members Michael Chovanec (Chair) Ph.D., LICSW, LMFT Mary M. Coyle MSW, LICSW Natalie Sinkler MSW, LICSW The Clinical Research Project is a graduation requirement for MSW students at St. Catherine University – University of St. Thomas School of Social Work in St. Paul, Minnesota and is conducted within a nine-month time frame to demonstrate facility with basic social research methods. Students must independently conceptualize a research problem, formulate a research design that is approved by a research committee and the university Institutional Review Board, implement the project, and publicly present the findings of the study. This project is neither a Master’s thesis nor a dissertation. EXAMINING POST-ADOPTION SERVICES ii Abstract This research is about what post-adoption services exist, what sort of supports and services adoptive families need, and if there are any disparities. The researcher aimed to answer the multidimensional research question: What types of post-adoption issues do adoptive parents identify, how were these issues addressed, and what do they recommend to other adoptive parents? A qualitative research design with a narrative analysis was used to conduct the study. The Ecological Approach was used as the conceptual framework. The researcher found that both participants participated in foster to adopt, felt they did not receive the full extent of the supports and services they needed, however they did have some informal personal supports they accessed on their own. The main theme of the data suggested that social workers and other professionals do not have the specific knowledge base about the workings and challenges of adoption that is necessary in order to properly serve the adoptive family population. Further research and additional education is required to appropriately meet the needs of these families in future work. Key Words: adoption, services, adoptive parents, supports, post-adoption, social work EXAMINING POST-ADOPTION SERVICES iii Acknowledgments This project is a long time coming. It has been a challenging and lengthy process but I am satisfied with the result and so looking forward to launching my social work career! I would have never made it through this process without the encouragement and support of several people. Mike, you have been a supportive, understanding, and patient professor and research chair. I valued the time you took to help me understand things and I appreciated the way you guided us all through this process step by step, setting our own targets but still keeping us on track. You have been a great professor throughout this program, Thank you. Brandon, you have been a trooper dealing with my frantic times, stressed times, and just plain overwhelmed times. You always knew how to ease my frustrations and cool my jets when I was feeling like I would never make it through this year and this program. You helped keep me motivated and on track, and you believed I could do it even when I doubted myself. You’re the best ever! I did it! I want to thank my two research participants. Although this study did not have a large quantity, the quality and depth of the information they provided about their experiences was abundant. I empathize with their struggles and admire the tenaciousness with which they faced the challenges of being an adoptive parent. I hope their stories will inspire social workers and others to do more to fully educate themselves about the populations with which they work. Last but not least, I want to thank those who helped me with the toughest part, the paper! Thank you to my research committee for their interest and commitment to assisting me with my project and giving their valued input. I also want to thank Rachel, my little librarian, for always being my educational advisor when I am lost or struggling. You always help me find the answers I’m looking for. I appreciate your proof reading and value your input to the ends of the earth! EXAMINING POST-ADOPTION SERVICES iv Table of Contents Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………... 1 Literature Review …………………………………………………………………………... 4 Unique Adoption Issues …………………………………………………………...... 4 Adoption Triad ……………………………………………………………….. 5 Attachment ………………………………………………………………...… 6 Grief and Loss …………………………………………………………....….. 6 Identity Formation ………………………………………………………....… 6 Special Needs ……………………………………………………………....... 7 Risks of Unsupported Outcomes …………………………………………….…......... 7 Post-Adoption Services …………………………………………………………….... 8 Support Funding Sources ……………………………………………………………. 9 Barriers to Support ………………………………………………………………….. 10 Benefits of Post-Adoption Services …………………………………………………. 10 Summary …………………………………………………………………………….. 11 Conceptual Framework ……………………………………………………………………… 12 Methods ……………………………………………………………………………………... 15 Research Design …………………………………………………………………….. 15 Research Setting ……………………………………………………………………. 15 Participant Sample ………………………………………………………………...... 15 Protection of Human Subjects ……………………………………………………… 16 Questionnaire Instrument …………………………………………………………… 16 Data Collection ……………………………………………………………………... 17 EXAMINING POST-ADOPTION SERVICES v Data Analysis Plan ................................................................................................... 17 Researcher Bias ........................................................................................................ 18 Findings ................................................................................................................................ 19 Sample Specifics ...................................................................................................... 19 Themes ..................................................................................................................... 19 Benefits of Adoption .................................................................................... 19 Preparing to Adopt ........................................................................................ 20 Challenges to Face ........................................................................................ 20 Biological Factors ............................................................................ 20 Parenting Redefined ......................................................................... 21 Expectation vs. Reality ..................................................................... 22 Tough Conversations ........................................................................ 23 Pre-Adoption Supports ................................................................................. 24 Post-Adoption Supports ............................................................................... 24 Helpful Supports vs. Barriers ....................................................................... 25 Words of Advice .......................................................................................... 25 Notes to the Professionals ............................................................................ 25 Discussion ............................................................................................................................ 27 Impacts of the Sample .............................................................................................. 27 Themes ..................................................................................................................... 27 Racial Issues ................................................................................................. 27 Attachment Challenges ................................................................................ 28 Special Needs ............................................................................................... 28 EXAMINING POST-ADOPTION SERVICES vi Lack of Information ..................................................................................... 29 Researcher Reaction ................................................................................................ 29 Limitations and Recommendations for Future Research ........................................ 29 Implications for Social Work .................................................................................
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