List of Cranial Bones and Bone Landmarks

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List of Cranial Bones and Bone Landmarks Region View Bone Bone Landmarks Cranium Frontal Frontal Supraorbital foramen Nasal Sphenoid Superior orbital fissure Inferior orbital fissure Optic foramen (canal) Ethmoid Perpendicular plate Superior nasal concha Middle nasal concha Inferior nasal concha Lacrimal Zygomatic Mandible Body Ramus Alveolar processes Angle Mental foramen Cranium Lateral Maxilla Infraorbital foramen Mandible Coronoid process Condylar process/Articular surface Mandibular notch Body Ramus Mental foramen Zygomatic Temporal process Temporal Zygomatic process Styloid process Mastoid process External auditory (acoustic) meatus Sphenoid Greater wing Other Bones Nasal, Lacrimal, Occipital, Frontal Other Landmarks Coronal suture, Squamous suture, Lambdoid suture, Sagittal suture (superior view) Region View Bone Bone Landmarks Cranial Floor Superior Frontal Frontal sinus (not always visible) w/ calvaria removed Ethmoid Cribiform plate Olfactory foramina Crista galli Sphenoid Sella turcica (Pituitary fossa) Greater wing Lesser wing Temporal Pterous portion Occipital Foramen magnum Cranium Inferior Maxilla Palatine process (hard palate) w/ mandible removed Palatine Horizontal plate (hard palate) Vomer Sphenoid Temporal Mastoid process Styloid process Mandibular process Occipital External occipital protuberance Foramen magnum Occipital condyles Orbit Frontal Orbital Bones Frontal, Maxilla, Zygomatic, Lacrimal, Ethmoid, Sphenoid, Palatine Nasal Cavity Frontal Ethmoid Middle nasal concha, Perpindicular plate Boney septum Vomer Inferior nasal concha Nasal Sinuses Frontal Bones w/ sinuses Frontal sinus, Sphenoidal sinus, Ethmoidal sinus, Maxillary sinus.

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Gross Anatomy Assignment Name: Olorunfemi Peace Toluwalase Matric No: 17/Mhs01/257 Dept: Mbbs Course: Gross Anatomy of Head and Neck
GROSS ANATOMY ASSIGNMENT NAME: OLORUNFEMI PEACE TOLUWALASE MATRIC NO: 17/MHS01/257 DEPT: MBBS COURSE: GROSS ANATOMY OF HEAD AND NECK QUESTION 1 Write an essay on the carvernous sinus. The cavernous sinuses are one of several drainage pathways for the brain that sits in the middle. In addition to receiving venous drainage from the brain, it also receives tributaries from parts of the face. STRUCTURE ➢ The cavernous sinuses are 1 cm wide cavities that extend a distance of 2 cm from the most posterior aspect of the orbit to the petrous part of the temporal bone. ➢ They are bilaterally paired collections of venous plexuses that sit on either side of the sphenoid bone. ➢ Although they are not truly trabeculated cavities like the corpora cavernosa of the penis, the numerous plexuses, however, give the cavities their characteristic sponge-like appearance. ➢ The cavernous sinus is roofed by an inner layer of dura matter that continues with the diaphragma sellae that covers the superior part of the pituitary gland. The roof of the sinus also has several other attachments. ➢ Anteriorly, it attaches to the anterior and middle clinoid processes, posteriorly it attaches to the tentorium (at its attachment to the posterior clinoid process). Part of the periosteum of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone forms the floor of the sinus. ➢ The body of the sphenoid acts as the medial wall of the sinus while the lateral wall is formed from the visceral part of the dura mater. CONTENTS The cavernous sinus contains the internal carotid artery and several cranial nerves. Abducens nerve (CN VI) traverses the sinus lateral to the internal carotid artery.
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Is the Skeleton Male Or Female? the Pelvis Tells the Story
Activity: Is the Skeleton Male or Female? The pelvis tells the story. Distinct features adapted for childbearing distinguish adult females from males. Other bones and the skull also have features that can indicate sex, though less reliably. In young children, these sex-related features are less obvious and more difficult to interpret. Subtle sex differences are detectable in younger skeletons, but they become more defined following puberty and sexual maturation. What are the differences? Compare the two illustrations below in Figure 1. Female Pelvic Bones Male Pelvic Bones Broader sciatic notch Narrower sciatic notch Raised auricular surface Flat auricular surface Figure 1. Female and male pelvic bones. (Source: Smithsonian Institution, illustrated by Diana Marques) Figure 2. Pelvic bone of the skeleton in the cellar. (Source: Smithsonian Institution) Skull (Cranium and Mandible) Male Skulls Generally larger than female Larger projections behind the Larger brow ridges, with sloping, ears (mastoid processes) less rounded forehead Square chin with a more vertical Greater definition of muscle (acute) angle of the jaw attachment areas on the back of the head Figure 3. Male skulls. (Source: Smithsonian Institution, illustrated by Diana Marques) Female Skulls Smoother bone surfaces where Smaller projections behind the muscles attach ears (mastoid processes) Less pronounced brow ridges, Chin more pointed, with a larger, with more vertical forehead obtuse angle of the jaw Sharp upper margins of the eye orbits Figure 4. Female skulls. (Source: Smithsonian Institution, illustrated by Diana Marques) What Do You Think? Comparing the skull from the cellar in Figure 5 (below) with the illustrated male and female skulls in Figures 3 and 4, write Male or Female to note the sex depicted by each feature.
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The Cat Mandible (II): Manipulation of the Jaw, with a New Prosthesis Proposal, to Avoid Iatrogenic Complications
animals Review The Cat Mandible (II): Manipulation of the Jaw, with a New Prosthesis Proposal, to Avoid Iatrogenic Complications Matilde Lombardero 1,*,† , Mario López-Lombardero 2,†, Diana Alonso-Peñarando 3,4 and María del Mar Yllera 1 1 Unit of Veterinary Anatomy and Embryology, Department of Anatomy, Animal Production and Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Campus of Lugo—University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; [email protected] 2 Engineering Polytechnic School of Gijón, University of Oviedo, 33203 Gijón, Spain; [email protected] 3 Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Campus of Lugo—University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; [email protected] 4 Veterinary Clinic Villaluenga, calle Centro n◦ 2, Villaluenga de la Sagra, 45520 Toledo, Spain * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-982-822-333 † Both authors contributed equally to this manuscript. Simple Summary: The small size of the feline mandible makes its manipulation difficult when fixing dislocations of the temporomandibular joint or mandibular fractures. In both cases, non-invasive techniques should be considered first. When not possible, fracture repair with internal fixation using bone plates would be the best option. Simple jaw fractures should be repaired first, and caudal to rostral. In addition, a ventral approach makes the bone fragments exposure and its manipulation easier. However, the cat mandible has little space to safely place the bone plate screws without damaging the tooth roots and/or the mandibular blood and nervous supply. As a consequence, we propose a conceptual model of a mandibular prosthesis that would provide biomechanical Citation: Lombardero, M.; stabilization, avoiding any unintended (iatrogenic) damage to those structures.
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Morfofunctional Structure of the Skull
N.L. Svintsytska V.H. Hryn Morfofunctional structure of the skull Study guide Poltava 2016 Ministry of Public Health of Ukraine Public Institution «Central Methodological Office for Higher Medical Education of MPH of Ukraine» Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine «Ukranian Medical Stomatological Academy» N.L. Svintsytska, V.H. Hryn Morfofunctional structure of the skull Study guide Poltava 2016 2 LBC 28.706 UDC 611.714/716 S 24 «Recommended by the Ministry of Health of Ukraine as textbook for English- speaking students of higher educational institutions of the MPH of Ukraine» (minutes of the meeting of the Commission for the organization of training and methodical literature for the persons enrolled in higher medical (pharmaceutical) educational establishments of postgraduate education MPH of Ukraine, from 02.06.2016 №2). Letter of the MPH of Ukraine of 11.07.2016 № 08.01-30/17321 Composed by: N.L. Svintsytska, Associate Professor at the Department of Human Anatomy of Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine «Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy», PhD in Medicine, Associate Professor V.H. Hryn, Associate Professor at the Department of Human Anatomy of Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine «Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy», PhD in Medicine, Associate Professor This textbook is intended for undergraduate, postgraduate students and continuing education of health care professionals in a variety of clinical disciplines (medicine, pediatrics, dentistry) as it includes the basic concepts of human anatomy of the skull in adults and newborns. Rewiewed by: O.M. Slobodian, Head of the Department of Anatomy, Topographic Anatomy and Operative Surgery of Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine «Bukovinian State Medical University», Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor M.V.
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Results Description of the SKULLS. the Overall Size of Both Skulls Was Considered to Be Within Normal Limits for Their Ethnic
Ossification Defects and Craniofacial Morphology In Incomplete Forms of Mandibulofacial Dysostosis A Description of Two Dry Skulls ERIK DAHL, D.D.S., DR. ODONT. ARNE BJORK, D.D.S., ODONT. DR. Copenhagen, Denmark The morphology of two East Indian dry skulls exhibiting anomalies which were suggested to represent incomplete forms of mandibulofacial dysostosis is described. Obvious although minor ossification anomalies were found localized to the temporal, sphenoid, the zygomatic, the maxillary and the mandibular bones. The observations substantiate the concept of the regional and bilateral nature of this malformation syndrome. Bilateral orbital deviations, hypoplasia of the malar bones, and incomplete zygomatic arches appear to be hard tissue aberrations which may be helpful in exami- nation for subclinical carrier status. Changes in mandibular morphology seem to be less distinguishing features in incomplete or abortive types of mandibulofacial dysostosis. KEY WORDS craniofacial problems, mandible, mandibulofacial dysostosis, maxilla, sphenoid bone, temporal bone, zygomatic bone Mandibulofacial dysostosis (MFD) often roentgencephalometric examinations were results in the development of a characteristic made of the skulls, and tomograms were ob- facial disfigurement with considerable simi- tained of the internal and middle ear. Com- larity between affected individuals. However, parisons were made with normal adult skulls the symptoms may vary highly in respect to and with an adult skull exhibiting the char- type and degree, and both incomplete and acteristics of MFD. All of the skulls were from abortive forms of the syndrome have been the same ethnic group. ' reported in the literature (Franceschetti and Klein, 1949; Moss et al., 1964; Rogers, 1964). Results In previous papers, we have shown the DEsCRIPTION OF THE SKULLS.
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GLOSSARY of MEDICAL and ANATOMICAL TERMS
GLOSSARY of MEDICAL and ANATOMICAL TERMS Abbreviations: • A. Arabic • abb. = abbreviation • c. circa = about • F. French • adj. adjective • G. Greek • Ge. German • cf. compare • L. Latin • dim. = diminutive • OF. Old French • ( ) plural form in brackets A-band abb. of anisotropic band G. anisos = unequal + tropos = turning; meaning having not equal properties in every direction; transverse bands in living skeletal muscle which rotate the plane of polarised light, cf. I-band. Abbé, Ernst. 1840-1905. German physicist; mathematical analysis of optics as a basis for constructing better microscopes; devised oil immersion lens; Abbé condenser. absorption L. absorbere = to suck up. acervulus L. = sand, gritty; brain sand (cf. psammoma body). acetylcholine an ester of choline found in many tissue, synapses & neuromuscular junctions, where it is a neural transmitter. acetylcholinesterase enzyme at motor end-plate responsible for rapid destruction of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter. acidophilic adj. L. acidus = sour + G. philein = to love; affinity for an acidic dye, such as eosin staining cytoplasmic proteins. acinus (-i) L. = a juicy berry, a grape; applied to small, rounded terminal secretory units of compound exocrine glands that have a small lumen (adj. acinar). acrosome G. akron = extremity + soma = body; head of spermatozoon. actin polymer protein filament found in the intracellular cytoskeleton, particularly in the thin (I-) bands of striated muscle. adenohypophysis G. ade = an acorn + hypophyses = an undergrowth; anterior lobe of hypophysis (cf. pituitary). adenoid G. " + -oeides = in form of; in the form of a gland, glandular; the pharyngeal tonsil. adipocyte L. adeps = fat (of an animal) + G. kytos = a container; cells responsible for storage and metabolism of lipids, found in white fat and brown fat.
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Paramedian Mandibular Cleft in a Patient Who Also Had Goldenhar 2
Brief Clinical Studies The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery & Volume 23, Number 1, January 2012 as the thyroid gland and hyoid bone, to determine whether any 10. Franzese C, Hayes JD, Nichols K. Congenital midline cervical cleft: a associated anomalies exist.3,16 Alternatively, CT or magnetic reso- report of two cases. Ear Nose Throat J 2008;87:166Y168 nance imaging may be performed for a more thorough assessment 11. Hirokawa S, Uotani H, Okami H, et al. A case of congenital midline of the soft tissue relationships; in our case, a CT scan of the neck cervical cleft with congenital heart disease. J Pediatr Surg Y confirmed a superficial subcutaneous cord, without deeper tissue 2003;38:1099 1101 involvement. To determine the source of airway obstruction, pre- 12. Tsukuno M, Kita Y, Kurihara K. A case of midline cervical cleft. Congenit Anom (Kyoto) 2002;42:143Y145 operative flexible laryngoscopy should be performed. 13. Vure S, Pang K, Hallam L, et al. Congenital midline cervical cleft Surgical treatment of CMCC is required to alleviate or prevent with an underlying bronchogenic like cyst. Pediatr Surg Int anterior neck contracture, respiratory distress, micrognathia, and 2009;25:811Y813 4,5,13 infection and for aesthetic reasons. Treatment involves the com- 14. Andryk JE, Kerschner JE, Hung RT, et al. Mid-line cervical cleft with a plete excision of the lesion and any involved tissues, followed by bronchogenic cyst. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1999;47:261Y264 closure, which is most commonly performed with a Z-plasty or mul- 15. Agag R, Sacks J, Silver L.
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Lab Manual Axial Skeleton Atla
1 PRE-LAB EXERCISES When studying the skeletal system, the bones are often sorted into two broad categories: the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. This lab focuses on the axial skeleton, which consists of the bones that form the axis of the body. The axial skeleton includes bones in the skull, vertebrae, and thoracic cage, as well as the auditory ossicles and hyoid bone. In addition to learning about all the bones of the axial skeleton, it is also important to identify some significant bone markings. Bone markings can have many shapes, including holes, round or sharp projections, and shallow or deep valleys, among others. These markings on the bones serve many purposes, including forming attachments to other bones or muscles and allowing passage of a blood vessel or nerve. It is helpful to understand the meanings of some of the more common bone marking terms. Before we get started, look up the definitions of these common bone marking terms: Canal: Condyle: Facet: Fissure: Foramen: (see Module 10.18 Foramina of Skull) Fossa: Margin: Process: Throughout this exercise, you will notice bold terms. This is meant to focus your attention on these important words. Make sure you pay attention to any bold words and know how to explain their definitions and/or where they are located. Use the following modules to guide your exploration of the axial skeleton. As you explore these bones in Visible Body’s app, also locate the bones and bone markings on any available charts, models, or specimens. You may also find it helpful to palpate bones on yourself or make drawings of the bones with the bone markings labeled.
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Macroscopic Anatomy of the Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses of the Domestic Pig (Sus Scrofa Domestica) Daniel John Hillmann Iowa State University
Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1971 Macroscopic anatomy of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses of the domestic pig (Sus scrofa domestica) Daniel John Hillmann Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Animal Structures Commons, and the Veterinary Anatomy Commons Recommended Citation Hillmann, Daniel John, "Macroscopic anatomy of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses of the domestic pig (Sus scrofa domestica)" (1971). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 4460. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/4460 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 72-5208 HILLMANN, Daniel John, 1938- MACROSCOPIC ANATOMY OF THE NASAL CAVITY AND PARANASAL SINUSES OF THE DOMESTIC PIG (SUS SCROFA DOMESTICA). Iowa State University, Ph.D., 1971 Anatomy I University Microfilms, A XEROX Company, Ann Arbor. Michigan I , THIS DISSERTATION HAS BEEN MICROFILMED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED Macroscopic anatomy of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses of the domestic pig (Sus scrofa domestica) by Daniel John Hillmann A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Major Subject: Veterinary Anatomy Approved: Signature was redacted for privacy. h Charge of -^lajoï^ Wor Signature was redacted for privacy. For/the Major Department For the Graduate College Iowa State University Ames/ Iowa 19 71 PLEASE NOTE: Some Pages have indistinct print.
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MBB: Head & Neck Anatomy
MBB: Head & Neck Anatomy Skull Osteology • This is a comprehensive guide of all the skull features you must know by the practical exam. • Many of these structures will be presented multiple times during upcoming labs. • This PowerPoint Handout is the resource you will use during lab when you have access to skulls. Mind, Brain & Behavior 2021 Osteology of the Skull Slide Title Slide Number Slide Title Slide Number Ethmoid Slide 3 Paranasal Sinuses Slide 19 Vomer, Nasal Bone, and Inferior Turbinate (Concha) Slide4 Paranasal Sinus Imaging Slide 20 Lacrimal and Palatine Bones Slide 5 Paranasal Sinus Imaging (Sagittal Section) Slide 21 Zygomatic Bone Slide 6 Skull Sutures Slide 22 Frontal Bone Slide 7 Foramen RevieW Slide 23 Mandible Slide 8 Skull Subdivisions Slide 24 Maxilla Slide 9 Sphenoid Bone Slide 10 Skull Subdivisions: Viscerocranium Slide 25 Temporal Bone Slide 11 Skull Subdivisions: Neurocranium Slide 26 Temporal Bone (Continued) Slide 12 Cranial Base: Cranial Fossae Slide 27 Temporal Bone (Middle Ear Cavity and Facial Canal) Slide 13 Skull Development: Intramembranous vs Endochondral Slide 28 Occipital Bone Slide 14 Ossification Structures/Spaces Formed by More Than One Bone Slide 15 Intramembranous Ossification: Fontanelles Slide 29 Structures/Apertures Formed by More Than One Bone Slide 16 Intramembranous Ossification: Craniosynostosis Slide 30 Nasal Septum Slide 17 Endochondral Ossification Slide 31 Infratemporal Fossa & Pterygopalatine Fossa Slide 18 Achondroplasia and Skull Growth Slide 32 Ethmoid • Cribriform plate/foramina
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Anatomic Variations of Paranasal Sinus on Multidetector Computed Tomography Examinations for Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
MÜSBED 2013;3(2):102-106 DOI: 10.5455/musbed.20130410100848 Derleme / Review Anatomic Variations of Paranasal Sinus on Multidetector Computed Tomography Examinations for Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Filiz Namdar Pekiner Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul - Turkey Ya zış ma Ad re si / Add ress rep rint re qu ests to: Filiz Namdar Pekiner, Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Nisantasi, Istanbul - Turkey Elekt ro nik pos ta ad re si / E-ma il add ress: [email protected] Ka bul ta ri hi / Da te of ac cep tan ce: 10 Nisan 2013 / April 10, 2013 ÖZET ABS TRACT Fonksiyonel endoskopik sinüs cerrahisinde mul- Anatomic variations of paranasal sinus tidetektör bilgisayarlı tomografide paranasal on multidetector computed tomography sinüslerin anatomik varyasyonları examinations for functional endoscopic sinus surgery Bilgisayarlı tomografi paranasal sinüslerin hastalıklarının ve fonksiyo- nel endoskopik sinüs cerrahisi ile tedavilerinin değerlendirilmesinde Computed tomography is excellent means of providing anatomical anatomik olarak sağladığı bilgi oldukça önemlidir. Paranasal sinüs- information of paranasal sinuses, assessing disease and guiding lerde izlenen anatomik varyasyonlar nadir değildir. Bu makalenin treatment with functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Common amacı paranasal sinüslerde izlenebilen bazı anatomik varyasyonları anatomical variations are not rare in the paranasal sinuses. The aim of sunmaktır. this article was presented radiological characteristics of some anatomic Anahtar sözcükler: Paranasal sinüsler, anatomik varyasyonlar, bilgi- variation in paranasal sinuses. sayarlı tomografi, fonksiyonel endoskopik sinüs cerrahisi Key words: Paranasal sinus, anatomical variation, computed tomography, functional endoscopic sinus surgery INTRODUCTION anatomy as shown on CT are of potential significance, it may predispose to certain pathologic conditions and Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) has been diseases (5).
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1 TABLE 23-1 Muscles and Nerves of the Mandible
0350 ch 23-Tab 10/12/04 12:19 PM Page 1 Chapter 23: The Temporomandibular Joint 1 TABLE 23-1 Muscles and Nerves of the Mandible MUSCLE AND NERVE (N) ORIGIN INSERTION FUNCTION Digastric N: trigeminal Anterior belly: depression Common tendon to the Mandibular depression and and facial on inner side of inferior hyoid bone elevation of hyoid border of mandible (in swallowing) Posterior belly: mastoid notch of the temporal bone Temporalis N: Temporal fossa and deep Medial and anterior Elevates mandible to close the mandibular division surface of temporal coronoid process and mouth and approximates teeth of trigeminal nerve fascia anterior ramus of (biting motion); retracts the mandible mandible and participates in lateral grinding motions Masseter N: Superficial: zygomatic Angle and lower half of Elevates the mandible; active in up mandibular division arch and maxillary process lateral ramus and down biting motions and of trigeminal nerve Deep portion: zygomatic Lateral coronoid and occlusion of the teeth arch superior ramus in mastication Medial pterygoid N: Greater wing of sphenoid Medial ramus and angle of Elevates the mandible to close mandibular division and pyramidal process mandibular foramen the mouth; protrudes the mandible of trigeminal nerve of palatine bone (with lateral pterygoid). Unilaterally, the medial and lateral pterygoid rotate the mandible forward and to the opposite side Lateral pterygoid N: Superior: inferior crest of Articular disk, capsule, and Protracts mandibular condyle and mandibular division greater wing of sphenoid condyle disk of the temporomandibular of trigeminal nerve bones Neck of mandible and joint forward while the mandibular Inferior: lateral surface of medial condyle head rotates on disk; aids in pterygoid plate opening the mouth.
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