Oussama Ben Laden
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LE MONDE INTERACTIF a Le haut débit pour tous a Vidocq en numérique Demandez notre supplément www.lemonde.fr 57e ANNÉE – Nº 17619 – 7,90 F - 1,20 EURO FRANCE MÉTROPOLITAINE -- MERCREDI 19 SEPTEMBRE 2001 FONDATEUR : HUBERT BEUVE-MÉRY – DIRECTEUR : JEAN-MARIE COLOMBANI Budget 2002 Enquête sur Ben Laden, la cible des Etats-Unis b b a Laurent Fabius George W. Bush veut s’emparer d’Oussama Ben Laden « mort ou vif » L’enquête du « Monde » sur les réseaux financiers présente au conseil islamistes du suspect numéro un b Le témoignage de Robert Fisk, journaliste britannique, qui l’a rencontré à plusieurs reprises des ministres le projet b Wall Street cède 7,13 % et redoute une récession b Les marchés européens résistent b La Fed et la BCE baissent leurs taux de loi de finances 2002 b SOMMAIRE Une tragédie et sa représenta- AFTER THE ATTACK For One Day, Just Making Trades Meant More Than Making Money By ALESSANDRA STANLEY Nasdaq down 6.8 percent and the tion : Comment s’est organisée broader S&P 500 index off 4.9 percent. with DIANA B. HENRIQUES But alongside hardheaded sell or- ders, there was also a marketwide Barricaded, its stone pillars ban- mood to loosen the rules. Buyers and daged in American flags, dust lapping sellers of government bonds, for exam- b its sidewalks, the New York Stock Ex- ple, agreed to give each other more Les marchés financiers à l’épreu- l’autocensure des images. Le change re-opened Monday in a burst of time to complete their trades. Both the patriotism and closed at a sharp low, New York Stock Exchange and the its rallies and deeper dips mirroring Philadelphia Stock Exchange made its patrons’ mixed mood of defiance space available Monday for their rival, a and fear. the American Stock Exchange, which ‘‘People felt they were doing what lost communications in the attack. they should do, doing their duty,’’ Before the opening bell at 9:30, ev- Il ne prend pas ve : Wall Street perd plus de 7 % et premier documentaire du drame Richard Rosenblatt, a floor trader on eryone on the floor, a few traders with the exchange and veteran of financial telephone headsets already nestled on crises going back to the 1970’s, ex- their ears, bowed their heads for a two- plained as the market closed. ‘‘This minute silence to honor those who died was about getting the markets open in Tuesday’s terrorist attack. and keeping them orderly and showing But Jay Mahoney, a trader, noted the world that we’re not beaten. This that the somber sentiments envelop- redoute une récession américai- réalisé par deux Français. L’ana- wasn’t about making good trades. It ing the floor as a woman from the was about going on.’’ United States Marine Corps sang Even before market jitters set in, Chang W. Lee/The New York Times ‘‘God Bless America’’ cleared as soon there was a kind of physical anxiety, or Anxious traders returned to tighter as the bell rang. perhaps just a dread of reliving Tues- security in the financial disctrict. As expected, stock prices began to day, all around the ghostly financial sink. ‘‘When the market opens, it’s in- district, as brokers gingerly stepped stinct,’’ Mr. Mahoney said. ‘‘People Fred Conrad/The New York Times en compte ne. La Fed et la BCE baissent leurs lyse du psychanalyste Serge Tisse- out from downtown subway stops at began lining up at 7:30 to have their know what to do.’’ It was an emotional day on Wall Street as the stock exchanges reopened. 7:30, walked past police barriers, rows bags searched and ID tags checked. Businesses from far beyond Wall of masked rescue workers and Jeffrey Atwood, 49, a staff manager Street were relieved to see the mar- ‘‘I came here with lots of adrenaline,’’ traders, smiling sadly, hugged each breathed in the disaster. for Syscore, a technology company kets reopen, said Jay Alix, president of Mr. Mahoney explained. ‘‘The mood is other and then looked east. A curtain ‘‘The smell is everywhere, it stinks,’’ that serves finance companies, took Jay Alix & Associates in Southfield, kind of set up by all the news programs. of smoke wafted in the breeze where an aghast trader in an elegant gray his laptop, a large white pail and a mop Mich., which advises struggling com- They focus on us more than they ever the towers had stood. suit, decked with a red, white and blue on the subway to his dust-filled office panies or those already in bankruptcy. have — at no other time has the whole The day had been this bright last taux de concert. Notre analyse des ron. p. 10 lapel ribbon, whispered into his cell- building at 15 Maiden Street. ‘‘I just ‘‘The global economic heartbeat still world waited to see how we do.’’ week, many said, when they saw a jet phone as he made his way to the stock want everything to be as normal as happens in the financial district of More than two hours after the open- plane bank out over the Statue of Lib- exchange. He listened, then blurted out possible,’’ he explained. New York,’’ Mr. Alix said. ‘‘It gives ing, the New York Mercantile Ex- erty and head for the World Trade that which seemingly motivated thou- Business executives, investors, bro- people hope to see the capital markets change, where oil and other commod- Center. It had been this clear, they con- sands of others to return to work Mon- kers, subway workers and hotdog ven- functioning again.’’ ities are traded, kicked to life. Situated tinued, when they saw people falling day. ‘‘I guess I just wanted to be here.’’ dors all seemed to agree on at least one A few on the floor said they felt on the other side of the smoking rubble out of the skyscrapers. Another pause. ‘‘I love you.’’ thing — after four edgy days when the pumped up by the praise wafting their from the stock exchange, on the edge of ‘‘I’m sick inside,’’ said Joey Cardi- les récentes valeurs, secteur par secteur. p. 2 et 3 For him, like so many others, just market stayed shut, business as usual, way. Bankers and stock market trad- the Hudson River, the Nymex building nale, who works on the trading floor. getting back to work was the real prof- even if bad, was far better than not ers are not always cast as heros, so is the only one within the cordon of the ‘‘But we have to show them that we’re it of the day. Traders took subways in- opening at all. And it was a bad day for Monday’s mingling of star-spangled disaster site that is open for business. going to go on. As much as I don’t want stead of black limousines, trudged on the market, with the Dow Jones Indus- patriotism and profits came as a boost In the bright morning before work to be here, we have to show those low- b Horizons-Portrait : Reporter au foot from the Staten Island Ferry, and trial Average down 7.1 percent, the to many. began, dozens of brightly jacketed lifes who did this.’’ They Came Grief That Fills Hearts difficultés b L’enquête aux Etats-Unis et en au quotidien londonien The Inde- To See, Also Fills TV Screens By MICHIKO KAKUTANI On Canal Street, by the police barri- And Believe cades blocking off the disaster zone, thousands of yellow ribbons were tied By DEAN E. MURPHY New York became a city of memori- on a fence, each of them lettered with a als and funerals this week, a citadel of prayer or message. At Union Square, grief and prayer and remembrance. the statue of George Washington has Europe : Deux des kamikazes repé- pendent, spécialiste du monde ara- They came Monday in streams of President George W. Bush pro- been engulfed with flowers and can- thousands, from faraway places like claimed last Friday a national day of dles and flags, teddy bears, mass South Carolina, England and Italy and mourning. Funerals on cards, handwritten notes and tissue- nearby ones like Wall Street, Long Is- Saturday for three Critic’s paper doves. And near the missing land and the Upper West Side. They fallen New York fire- Notebook persons center on Lexington Avenue, carried cameras and video equipment, fighters were only the there are more flowers and candles économiques rés par la CIA et perdus par le be, Robert Fisk est l’un des rares and a mix of emotions about why they first of what will be a and children’s drawings. felt drawn to this awful place and Barton Silverman/The New York Times long string of services and farewells. Round-the-clock television news has whether their coming was something The curious could not resist recording the wreckage in Lower Manhattan. And beyond these formal observances, disseminated images of these neigh- shameful or oddly necessary. improvised shrines and memorials borhood displays. They were directed like a funeral have popped up around the city — in Television, of course, has been a me- procession down Nassau Street south ‘‘I feel guilty in some way taking a here. Everyone else please keep mov- parks, in front of churches, at fire com- diator of sorts in national losses since of City Hall toward Liberty Street, picture of this, but I don’t know what ing on the sidewalk.’’ pany stations, and on the stoops of cor- the assassination and funeral of Presi- FBI. « Ben Laden mort ou vif » : l’es- journalistes occidentaux à avoir where they stopped briefly before con- else to do,’’ said David Roemer, 25, And they did.