Afghans Have Collectively Paid $4B in Bribes: SIGAR
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Il Drago Cinese E L'aquila Americana Sullo Scacchiere Asiatico
Il drago cinese e l’aquila americana sullo scacchiere asiatico – Asia Maior 2013 Maior Asia – asiatico scacchiere sullo americana l’aquila e cinese drago Il di) cura (a Mocci N. e Torri M. Nel corso del 2013, lo scacchiere asiatico è apparso dominato a livello geopolitico da una sorta di duello a distanza fra il drago Asia Maior cinese e l’aquila americana. Il drago cinese ha continuato a raorzare Osservatorio italiano sull’Asia la propria posizione con un uso sempre più incisivo del proprio soft power. Dall’altro lato, l’aquila americana ha portato avanti la 2013 costruzione di una rete di alleanze destinata ad unire in funzione anticinese i paesi dell’Asia-Pacico. Il quadro è stato ulteriormente complicato dalla rinnovata capacità dell’Iran, sotto la leadership del neo presidente Rouhani, di reinserirsi nel gioco internazionale. Dal punto di vista economico, invece, i paesi asiatici hanno continuato a confrontarsi con le conseguenze della crisi mondiale. Da una parte vi è stata la scelta, in particolare quella della Cina, a favore di politiche Il drago cinese e economiche neoliberiste; dall’altra vi è stata la decisione in senso opposto del Giappone, che ha inaugurato una politica economica espansiva, basata su massicce iniezioni di liquidità monetaria l’aquila americana sullo nel sistema economico. Un caso a parte, inne, è rappresentato dal terzo gigante asiatico, l’India, dove alle politiche economiche neoliberiste si è aancato il varo di una politica redistributiva di dimensioni gigantesche: la legge sulla sicurezza alimentare. scacchiere asiatico Il volume, prendendo le mosse da tale quadro generale, analizza l’Asia Maior dal punto di vista sia dei rapporti inter nazionali sia delle dinamiche interne di diciannove paesi asiatici: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Cambogia, Cina (Taiwan inclusa), Corea del sud, Corea del nord, Fi lippine, Giappone, India, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, ailandia, Turkmenistan, Vietnam. -
Listening to Women and Girls Displaced to Urban Afghanistan
LISTENING TO WOMEN AND GIRLS DISPLACED TO URBAN AFGHANISTAN 1 2 8 Executive summary TABLE OF 10 Introduction 10 Methodology 10 Urbanisation and the growth of informal settlements CONTENTS 11 Young not listened to 13 Vulnerabilities of urban female IDPs 13 Entrenched gender inequality 13 Early marriage and child mothers 14 Widows and female-headed households 15 Widespread domestic violence 16 Limited mobility 17 Fear of reprisals for male behaviour 17 Poverty 18 Drugs 19 Food insecurity 20 Shelter: overcrowding and Tenure insecurity 21 Poor access to water, sanitation And electricity 21 Ill-health and unaffordable health care 22 Lack of access to education 23 Psychosocial problems 26 Conclusion 29 Bibliography 33 Appendix i: methodology 36 Endnotes 3 4 THE NORWEGIAN REFUGEE COUNCIL (NRC) is an independent, humanitarian, non-profit, non- governmental organisation, established in 1946. NRC works to protect the rights of displaced and vulnerable persons during crisis. Through our programmes we provide assistance to meet immediate humanitarian needs, prevent further displacement and contribute to durable solutions. Through our advocacy we strive for rights to be upheld and for lasting solutions to be achieved. Through our stand-by rosters we provide expertise as a strategic partner to the UN, as well as to national and international actors. In Afghanistan, NRC has been assisting displacement-affected populations since 2002 with humanitarian programmes in education, shelter, legal assistance and emergency response. www.nrc.no THE LIAISON OFFICE (TLO) is an Afghan non-governmental organization that was established in 2003 at the request of south-eastern tribal elders wishing to be better integrated in the post-2001 peace and statebuilding process. -
Afghan Opiate Trade 2009.Indb
ADDICTION, CRIME AND INSURGENCY The transnational threat of Afghan opium UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUGS AND CRIME Vienna ADDICTION, CRIME AND INSURGENCY The transnational threat of Afghan opium Copyright © United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), October 2009 Acknowledgements This report was prepared by the UNODC Studies and Threat Analysis Section (STAS), in the framework of the UNODC Trends Monitoring and Analysis Programme/Afghan Opiate Trade sub-Programme, and with the collaboration of the UNODC Country Office in Afghanistan and the UNODC Regional Office for Central Asia. UNODC field offices for East Asia and the Pacific, the Middle East and North Africa, Pakistan, the Russian Federation, Southern Africa, South Asia and South Eastern Europe also provided feedback and support. A number of UNODC colleagues gave valuable inputs and comments, including, in particular, Thomas Pietschmann (Statistics and Surveys Section) who reviewed all the opiate statistics and flow estimates presented in this report. UNODC is grateful to the national and international institutions which shared their knowledge and data with the report team, including, in particular, the Anti Narcotics Force of Pakistan, the Afghan Border Police, the Counter Narcotics Police of Afghanistan and the World Customs Organization. Thanks also go to the staff of the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan and of the United Nations Department of Safety and Security, Afghanistan. Report Team Research and report preparation: Hakan Demirbüken (Lead researcher, Afghan -
Study on Security Cooperation in The
This publicaion has been produced with the assistance of the European Union. The contents of this publicaion are the sole responsibility of ATR Consuling and can in no way be taken to relect the views of the European Union. CONTENTs Execuive Summary 1 Acronyms 2 Acknowledgements 5 Background and 6 Context Concept and 7 Background of the Heart of Asia Building r Commitment 8 States to the Heart of Asia Process Among Membe Map 1: 9 Heart of Asia Member States Exising Studies 10 on the Heart of Asia Process Approach and 11 Methodology Approach 11 Research Quesions 11 Methodology 12 Findings 13 Security Cooperaion’ Looking Beyond the Tradiional Deiniion of ‘ 13 Security Threats 14 in the Region Security Cooperaion 17 Mechanisms in the Region Obstacles to 22 Efecive Security Cooperaion in the Region Opportuniies for 23 Intensiied Security Cooperaion Incenives for 25 Intensiied Security Cooperaion Policy Opions 26 for the Heart of Asia Conclusion 29 Appendix I: 31 Afghanistan Most Relevant 32 Security Threats to Afghanistan Exising Security 32 Cooperaion Mechanisms Obstacles to 35 Efecive Security Cooperaion Opportuniies aion and 38 Incenives for Intensiied Security Cooper Promising Policy 40 Opions for the Heart of Asia Process Map 2: 40 Proposed Route of TAPI Gas Pipeline Project Appendix II: 42 Azerbaijan Most Relevant 43 Security Threats Exising Security 44 Cooperaion Mechanisms Obstacles to Efecive Security Cooperaion 45 Opportuniies and Incenives for Intensiied Security Cooperaion 46 Promising Policy Opions for the Heart of Asia Process -
Afghanistan: Post-Taliban Governance, Security, and U.S
Afghanistan: Post-Taliban Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy Kenneth Katzman Specialist in Middle Eastern Affairs December 21, 2011 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RL30588 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Afghanistan: Post-Taliban Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy Summary Stated U.S. policy is to ensure that Afghanistan will not again become a base for terrorist attacks against the United States. Following policy reviews in 2009, the Obama Administration asserted that it was pursuing a well-resourced and integrated military-civilian strategy intended to pave the way for a gradual transition to Afghan leadership from July 2011 until the end of 2014. To carry out U.S. policy, a total of 51,000 additional U.S. forces were authorized by the two 2009 reviews, which brought U.S. troop numbers to a high of about 99,000, with partner forces adding about 42,000. On June 22, 2011, President Obama announced that the policy had accomplished most major U.S. goals and that a drawdown of 33,000 U.S. troops would take place by September 2012. The first 10,000 of these are to be withdrawn by the end of 2011 and the remainder of that number by September 2012. The transition to Afghan leadership began, as planned, in July 2011 in the first set of areas, four cities and three full provinces; a second and larger tranche of areas to be transitioned was announced on November 27, 2011. The U.S. official view is that security gains achieved by the surge could be at risk from weak Afghan governance and insurgent safe haven in Pakistan, and that Afghanistan will still need direct security assistance after 2014. -
Fortschrittsbericht Afghanistan Zur Unterrichtung Des Deutschen Bundestags
[Geben Sie Text ein] Fortschrittsbericht Afghanistan zur Unterrichtung des Deutschen Bundestags Januar 2014 Fortschrittsbericht Afghanistan Januar 2014 Impressum Herausgeber Presse- und Informationsamt der Bundesregierung 11044 Berlin Stand Januar 2014 Weitere Informationen im Internet unter www.bundesregierung.de/afghanistan www.auswaertiges-amt.de/afghanistan www.bmvg.de/afghanistan www.bmz.de/afghanistan www.bmi.bund.de/afghanistan Seite | 2 Fortschrittsbericht Afghanistan Januar 2014 Inhaltsverzeichnis EINLEITUNG UND ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 4 I. SICHERHEIT 8 1. Sicherheitslage und Transition 8 2. Leistungsfähigkeit und Finanzierung der Sicherheitskräfte 12 3. Von ISAF zur Resolute Support Mission 16 4. Ortskräfte bei deutschen Stellen in Afghanistan 17 II. STAATSWESEN UND REGIERUNGSFÜHRUNG 18 5. Regierungsführung und Institutionen 18 6. Wahlen 24 7. Zivilgesellschaft und Menschenrechte 27 8. Versöhnung und Reintegration 31 III. WIEDERAUFBAU UND ENTWICKLUNG 33 9. Ausblick auf den Tokio-Prozess 34 10. Wirtschaftliche Entwicklung und Einkommen 35 11. Entwicklung der einzelnen Sektoren 37 ANHANG 43 GLOSSAR 45 Fortschrittsbericht Afghanistan Januar 2014 Einleitung und Zusammenfassung Die Fortschrittsberichte der Bundesregierung zur Lage in Afghanistan dienen der Unter- richtung des Deutschen Bundestages. Die in Afghanistan engagierten Ressorts – vor allem Auswärtiges Amt (AA), Bundesministerium des Innern (BMI), Bundesministerium der Vertei- digung (BMVg) und Bundesministerium für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung (BMZ) – erstellen -
Pajhwok Afghan News (PAN) Weekly Election Coverage Newsletter, May 21-27
Pajhwok Afghan News (PAN) Weekly Election Coverage Newsletter, May 21-27 Plots being hatched to divide Afghans: Abdullah Massoud pledges support to Ahmadzai By Muhammad Hassan Khetab May 21, 2014 - 19:09 By Azizullah Hamdard May 22, 2014 - 11:18 KABUL (Pajhwok): Frontrunner Dr. Abdullah Abdullah KABUL (Pajhwok): Former vice-president Ahmad Zia on Wednesday warned many plots were being hatched to Massoud on Thursday formally announced support to create differences among the Afghans on ethnic lines, presidential contender Dr. Ashraf Ghani Ahmadzai in the saying such attempts would not be allowed to succeed. second round of the ballot. Addressing a gathering, where the Afghanistan Youth Zia Massoud pledged support to Ahmadzai at a meeting Solidarity Party’s head Jamil Karzai joined his camp, attended by the two leaders and members of the electoral Abdullah said those trying to fuel ethnic divisions among team at the Loya Jirga tent in Kabul. the Afghans would not be able to achieve their goals. A brother of assassinated jihadi hero Ahmad Shah “Many plots are underway; those who want to fuel Massoud, Zia Massoud has been the running mate of regional, tribal and ethnic differences should know that ex-foreign minister Dr. Zalmai Rassoul in the April 5 polls. such efforts will not come to fruition in Afghanistan,” the With the process heading to the second round, a number of former foreign minister added. political figures and first- round runners are joining forces He said strong-willed people, who discharged their with the two leading contenders. responsibility by thronging polling stations on April 5, Dr. -
Southern Region Humanitarian Regional Team (HRT) Meeting Minutes Minutes of Meeting – 25 April 2016
Southern Region Humanitarian Regional Team (HRT) Meeting Minutes Minutes of Meeting – 25 April 2016 Participants OCHA (Chair), UNHCR, WFP, UNICEF, FAO, ICRC, MEDAIR, HRDA, SHAO, IOM, MSF, INSO, SCI, ANCC, UNMACCA, SWABAC, Mercy Malaysia, HI, CHA, OHW, DRC and SERVE Afghanistan Agenda Item and Discussion Action Point By Whom/Status Opening by recitation of Holy Quran of Sharifullah Hussaini - OCHA N/A N/A Minutes of previous meeting were reviewed (including action points) and adopted. Action points from the last HRT meeting: INSO presentation (Done) OCHA to do follow up on pre- harvest survey and Child protection WHO invitation for Health cluster meeting (Done) OCHA FSAC pre harvest survey results sharing (Pending) assessment reports sharing with WFP & UNICEF UNICEF to share country wide child protection assessment report (Pending) Email circulation asking for staff nomination for assessments (done) 1. Humanitarian overview in Southern Region - OCHA During the course of this month, the humanitarian situation remained volatile across the region. Hilmand, Uruzgan & Kandahar provinces were the main hotspots for insecurity and Natural hazards. Access to Dehrawud district continued to be hindered due to AGEs control over Tangi Salang area. Civilians are allowed to cross the blocked way by walk but no vehicle is allowed. Despite allocation of food and NFIs assistance up to Tirinkot, the verified families could not be reached by humanitarian partners. However, market prices are increased and there are reports about movement of people to other locations and some to Tirinkot. DoRR director in Uruzgan through letter has informed OCHA that 175 families are displaced which also includes 91 from Dehrawud and are believed to be families previously verified within the district. -
Improved Dispute Resolution Structures (2013)
TLO-Policy Brief / 2 December 2013 Where Do We Go from Here? Towards Improved Structures for Dispute Resolution in Afghanistan Summary TLO’s practical experience has shown that 1 Introduction engaging traditional dispute resolution Despite more than a decade of concerted providers does not systematically undermine effort, Afghanistan’s state dispute women’s rights. Blanket denials as to the resolution capacities remain a work in willingness of “traditional” leaders to uphold progress. At the same time, non-state women’s rights are overbroad; at the same capacities – particularly those offered by time, TLO experience has shown great tribal and religious leaders in certain parts diversity in tribal leaders to engage with of the country – have retained a significant women’s rights. The most important entry degree of integrity and legitimacy. point in this regard is Sharia law. Between 2009 and 2011 the Afghan Engaging traditional dispute resolution government and international community providers does not undermine Afghan undertook dedicated steps to develop government authorities and empower local mechanisms by which state and non-state elites, NGOs and international donors. dispute resolution providers could interact Linking the state to these traditional dispute within a recognized policy and legal resolution processes in various capacities framework. These efforts bore some fruit, serves to increase, rather than diminish, including a Draft Policy on Dispute state involvement in the justice sector Resolution Shuras and Jirgas that received broadly defined. In particular, provincial and significant buy-in, and a Draft Law on district authorities usually cooperate Dispute Resolution Shuras and Jirgas that productively in developing links to non-state proved highly controversial. -
Lotfa) 2013 Second Quarterly Project Progress Report
LAW AND ORDER TRUST FUND FOR AFGHANISTAN (LOTFA) 2013 SECOND QUARTERLY PROJECT PROGRESS REPORT UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME DONORS Canada Czech Republic Denmark European Union Finland Germany Italy Poland South Korea Japan Netherlands Norway Switzerland United Kingdom United States of America PROJECT INFORMATION Project ID: 00061104 Duration: January 2011- December 2013 ANDS Component: Security Contributing to NPP: NPP5, Law and Justice For All CPAP Outcome: Stabilization and Peace Building UNDP Strategic Plan Component: Crisis Prevention and Recovery Total Budget: USD 1,433,693,322 Implementing Partner: Ministry of Interior Responsible Parties: Ministry of Interior and Ministry of Finance Project Manager: Mr. Norman Sanders, a.i. Chief Technical Advisor: Mr. Norman Sanders, a.i. Responsible Assistant Country Director: Mr. Hedayatullah Mohammadi COVER PAGE PHOTO: Women police participate in the leadership training organized by LOTFA and Ministry of Interior at the Police Academy in Kabul, June 2013 (Photo: UNDP) ACRONYMS ABP Afghanistan Border Police AFMIS Afghan Financial Management Information System AHRIMS Afghanistan Human Resource Information Management System ANP Afghan National Police CoC Code of Conduct CP Community Policing CPD Central Prisons Department CPS Community Policing Secretariat CSO Civil Society Organization CSTC-A Combined Security Transition Command-Afghanistan DM Deputy Ministry ECC Emergency Call Center EFT Electronic Fund Transfer EPS Electronic Payroll System ERP Enterprise Resource Planning EUPOL European -
The Human Cost RIGHTS the Consequences of Insurgent Attacks in Afghanistan WATCH
Afghanistan HUMAN The Human Cost RIGHTS The Consequences of Insurgent Attacks in Afghanistan WATCH PURL: https://www.legal-tools.org/doc/954fd1/ April 2007 Volume 19, No. 6(C) The Human Cost The Consequences of Insurgent Attacks in Afghanistan Map of Afghanistan.................................................................................................. 1 I. Summary...............................................................................................................2 II. Background........................................................................................................12 III. Civilian Accounts...............................................................................................25 Attacks Targeting Civilians ................................................................................25 Indiscriminate or Disproportionate Attacks on Military Targets ..........................47 IV. Civilian Perceptions ..........................................................................................67 V. Rising Civilian Casualties: Trends and Statistics ................................................70 VI. Legal Analysis...................................................................................................78 Applicable Treaties and Customary Law ............................................................79 Applying Legal Standards to Insurgent Activities ...............................................82 International Forces, Security Concerns, and Laws of War Violations ................ 98 VII. -
People of Ghazni
Program for Culture & Conflict Studies www.nps.edu/programs/ccs/ Province: Helmand Updated: May 1, 2010 Governor: Mohammad Gulab Mangal Provincial Police Chief: Brigadier General Abdul Hakim Angar Population Estimate: 1,441,769 Urban: 86,506 (6%) Rural: 1,355,263 (94%)1 Population Estimate by Gender: Male: 51% Female: 49% Area in Square Kilometers: 58,584 Capital: Lashkar Gah Major Languages: Pashtu: 94% Dari/Balochi- 6% Names of Districts: Dishu, Garmser, Reg, Nad Ali, Nawai Barakzai, Lashkar Gah, Nahrisarraj (Gereshk), Sangin, Washer, Naw Zad, Musa Qala, Kajaki, and Baghran. Ethnic Groups: Religious Groups: Sunni Tribal Groups: Barakzai (32%), Pashtun majority, Baluch Muslim, minority Shi’a, Noorzai (16%), Alokzai (9%), minority in South, Naqalin Hindu and Sikh population Eshaqzai (5.2%) (“migrant;” usually eastern Pashtun tribes). Occupation of Population Major: Farming.2 Minor: agriculture, animal husbandry, potential for fishery Crops/Farming/Livestock: Opium, tobacco, sugar beets, cotton, sesame, wheat, mung beans, maize, onions, nuts, sub flowers, onions, potato, tomato, cauliflower, peanut, apricot, grape, and melon. Animals include donkey, sheep, goats, chickens, cows, and camels. Irrigation trends: Access to irrigated land: 97% Access to rain-fed land- 5%3 Literacy Rate Total: 4%4 Poppy (Opium) Cultivation: 2006: 69,500 2007: 2008: 2009: 2010: *UNODC statistics ha 102,770 ha 103,590 69,833 Forth- ha ha coming Transportation: Primary Roads: The ring road passes through Helmand from Kandahar to Delaram. There is a major north-south route (Highway 611) that goes from Lashkar Gah to Sangin. 33% of Helmand’s roads are not passable during certain seasons and in some areas there are no roads at all.5 Electricity: Could be quite extensive should the Kajaki dam become fully operational.