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Apocynaceae) : Patrons De Production Et Rôle Dans L’Interaction Plante – Insecte De La Pluméricine, En Milieu Naturel Amazonien Carlos Alberto Amasifuen Guerra

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Apocynaceae) : Patrons De Production Et Rôle Dans L’Interaction Plante – Insecte De La Pluméricine, En Milieu Naturel Amazonien Carlos Alberto Amasifuen Guerra Étude écologique et biochimique de Himatanthus tarapotensis (Apocynaceae) : patrons de production et rôle dans l’interaction plante – insecte de la pluméricine, en milieu naturel amazonien Carlos Alberto Amasifuen Guerra To cite this version: Carlos Alberto Amasifuen Guerra. Étude écologique et biochimique de Himatanthus tarapotensis (Apocynaceae) : patrons de production et rôle dans l’interaction plante – insecte de la pluméricine, en milieu naturel amazonien. Botanique. Université Montpellier; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, 2016. Français. NNT : 2016MONTT111. tel-01646596 HAL Id: tel-01646596 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01646596 Submitted on 23 Nov 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Délivré par UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTPELLIER Préparée au sein de l’école doctorale GAIA Biodiversité, Agriculture, Alimentation, Environnement, Terre, Eau Et de l’unité de recherche 5120 AMAP Botanique et bioinformatique de l’ârchitecture des plantes Spécialité : EERGP - Écologie, Évolution, Ressources Génétiques, Paléobiologie Présentée par Carlos Alberto Amasifuen Guerra Étude écologique et biochimique de Himatanthus tarapotensis (Apocynaceae) : patrons de production et rôle dans l’interaction plante – insecte de la pluméricine, en milieu naturel amazonien Soutenue le 14 Octobre 2016 devant le jury composé de M. Finn KJELLBERG, Directeur de Recherche, CNRS Président du Jury M. Piero DELPRETE, Chargé de Recherche, IRD Directeur M. Michel SAUVAIN, Professeur, IRD – UPCH (Pérou) Co-Directeur M. Wilfredo GONZALES, Professeur, UPCH (Pérou) Examinateur M. Philippe GIORDANENGO, Professeur, Université de Rapporteur Picardie Jules Verne M. Paul-André CALATAYUD, Chargé de Recherche, IRD Rapporteur Dédicace En mémoire de ma mère, Nelly Luz, la source d’inspiration de ma vie...! ii SOMMAIRE Dédicace ........................................................................................................................... ii Contenu des Tableaux, Figures, Photos et Cartes ..................................................... vii Remerciements ................................................................................................................. x Abréviations et acronymes ........................................................................................... xii Glossaire ......................................................................................................................... xv Résumé .............................................................................................................................. 1 Abstract ............................................................................................................................ 1 Resumen ........................................................................................................................... 2 INTRODUCTION GÉNÉRALE .................................................................................... 3 CARACTÉRISTIQUES GÉNÉRALES DE L'AMAZONIE PÉRUVIENNE ........... 5 CHAPITRE I: Révision synoptique du genre Himatanthus (Apocynaceae, Plumerieae) au Pérou ...................................................................................................... 6 Résumé .............................................................................................................................. 6 Abstract ............................................................................................................................ 6 Resumen ........................................................................................................................... 6 I.A. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 7 I.B. MATÉRIEL ET MÉTHODES .............................................................................. 10 I.B.1. Zone d'étude ......................................................................................................... 10 I.B.2. Collecte et analyse des données .......................................................................... 13 I.C. RÉSULTATS ET DISCUSSION .......................................................................... 14 I.C.1. Himatanthus phagedaenicus ............................................................................... 16 I.C.2. Himatanthus revolutus ......................................................................................... 17 I.C.3. Himatanthus tarapotensis .................................................................................... 19 CHAPITRE II : Patrons de production et rôle potentiel de défense chimique de la pluméricine chez Himatanthus tarapotensis (Apocynaceae) en milieu naturel amazonien ...................................................................................................................... 22 Résumé ............................................................................................................................ 22 iii Abstract .......................................................................................................................... 22 Resumen ......................................................................................................................... 23 II.A. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ 24 II.B. MATÉRIEL ET MÉTHODES ............................................................................ 27 II.B.1 Zone d'étude ........................................................................................................ 27 II.B.1.1. Localisation ....................................................................................................... 27 II.B.1.2. Caractérisation des types d'habitats ................................................................... 29 II.B.1.3. Patrons de précipitations ................................................................................... 30 II.B.2. Inventaire des spécimens de la plante cible ..................................................... 30 II.B.3. Identification taxonomique de la plante cible ................................................. 31 II.B.4. Production de pluméricine dans les feuilles de H. tarapotensis ..................... 31 II.B.4.1. Collecte du matériel végétal .............................................................................. 32 II.B.4.2. Travail de laboratoire ........................................................................................ 33 II.B.4.2.1. Traitement post-collecte du matériel végétal ................................................. 33 II.B.4.2.2. Préparation de l'extrait .................................................................................... 33 II.B.4.2.3. Conditions analytiques du processus de détection et quantification de la pluméricine ...................................................................................................................... 34 II.B.4.2.4. Détection du pic chromatographique de la pluméricine................................. 34 II.B.4.2.5. Validation de la méthode HPLC .................................................................... 35 a. Élaboration de la courbe d'étalonnage (linéarité) ........................................................ 35 b. Limite de détection (LOD) et limite de quantification (LOQ) .................................... 35 c. Précision ...................................................................................................................... 35 d. Exactitude .................................................................................................................... 35 e. Robustesse ................................................................................................................... 35 f. Spécificité de l’analyse ................................................................................................. 35 II.B.5. Croissance des individus juvéniles de H. tarapotensis .................................... 36 II.B.6. Pression des insectes .......................................................................................... 37 iv II.B.6.1. Enregistrement et collecte des insectes ............................................................. 37 II.B.6.2. Traitement post-collecte des insectes ................................................................ 38 II.B.6.3. Identification taxonomique des insectes ........................................................... 38 II.B.7. Analyse des données .......................................................................................... 39 II.B.7.1. Production de pluméricine entre individus chez H. tarapotensis ...................... 40 II.B.7.2. Production spatiale de pluméricine ................................................................... 40 II.B.7.3. Production temporelle de pluméricine .............................................................. 40 II.B.7.4. Production de pluméricine et pression des insectes .......................................... 40 a. Description
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