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Nomination Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB NO. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations for individual properties and districts. See instructions in National Register Bulletin, How to Complete the National Register of Historic Places Registration Form. If any item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "NIA" for "not applicable." For functions, architectural classification, materials, and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories fiom the instructions. 1. Name of Property Historic nme: Springhill Historic District 0 ther nmeslsite number: Bellevue; VDHR 127-6 180 Name of related multiple property listing: Historic Residential Suburbs in the United States, 1830-1960 (Enter "NIA" if property is not part of a multiple property listing 2. Location Street & number: W. 19" Street; W. 20' Street; W. 21'' Street; W. 22ndStreet; Riverside Drive; Stonewall Avenue City or town: Richmond State: VA County: Independent City Not For Publication: Vicinity: Fl 3. Statemederal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as mended, I hereby certify that this X nomination request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property X meets does not meet the National Register Criteria. I recommend that this property be considered significant at the following level(s) of significance: national -statewide -X local ~ElicableNational Register Criteria: pgnatureof certifying offic&l/Title: Date Virginia Department of Historic Resources State or Federal agencyhureau or Tribal Government In my opinion, the property -meets -does not meet the National Register criteria. Signature of commenting official: Date Title : State or Federal agencyhureau or Tribal Government United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 Springhill Historic District Richmond, Virginia Name of Property County and State ______________________________________________________________________________ 4. National Park Service Certification I hereby certify that this property is: entered in the National Register determined eligible for the National Register determined not eligible for the National Register removed from the National Register other (explain:) _____________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Signature of the Keeper Date of Action ____________________________________________________________________________ 5. Classification Ownership of Property (Check as many boxes as apply.) Private: x Public – Local x Public – State Public – Federal Category of Property (Check only one box.) Building(s) District x Site Structure Object Sections 1-6 page 2 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 Springhill Historic District Richmond, Virginia Name of Property County and State Number of Resources within Property (Do not include previously listed resources in the count) Contributing Noncontributing ___76_________ ____29________ buildings ____1_________ _____0________ sites ____2_________ _____0________ structures ____0_________ _____0_______ objects ___79_________ ____29_________ Total Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register ___0______ ____________________________________________________________________________ 6. Function or Use Historic Functions (Enter categories from instructions.) DOMESTIC/Single Dwelling_ DOMESTIC/Secondary Resource_ DOMESTIC/Multiple Dwelling_ INDUSTRY/PROCESSING/EXTRACTION/waterworks ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ Current Functions (Enter categories from instructions.) DOMESTIC/Single Dwelling DOMESTIC/Secondary Resource DOMESTIC/Multiple Dwelling ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ Sections 1-6 page 3 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 Springhill Historic District Richmond, Virginia Name of Property County and State _____________________________________________________________________________ 7. Description Architectural Classification (Enter categories from instructions.) LATE VICTORIAN: Italianate; Queen Anne LATE 19TH AND 20TH CENTURY REVIVALS: Colonial Revival LATE 19TH AND EARLY 20TH CENTURY AMERICAN MOVEMENTS: Bungalow/Craftsman MODERN MOVEMENT: Ranch ___________________ ___________________ Materials: (enter categories from instructions.) Principal exterior materials of the property: Foundation CONCRETE; BRICK Walls WOOD: weatherboard; board-and-batten; STUCCO; BRICK; SYNTHETICS: vinyl Roof METAL: Tin; ASPHALT Narrative Description (Describe the historic and current physical appearance and condition of the property. Describe contributing and noncontributing resources if applicable. Begin with a summary paragraph that briefly describes the general characteristics of the property, such as its location, type, style, method of construction, setting, size, and significant features. Indicate whether the property has historic integrity.) ______________________________________________________________________________ Summary Paragraph Springhill is a compact residential neighborhood on the south side of the James River, approximately one mile from the central business district of the City of Richmond, Virginia.1 The district is bounded by Riverside Drive and Springhill Avenue on the north; the alley running parallel to Semmes Avenue on the south; the rear property line of the houses facing West 19th Street on the east, and West 22nd Street on the west. The buildings in the neighborhood are all residential, with most houses ranging in date from 1900 to 1930, and a smaller number of houses and three apartment buildings dating from the World War II period through about 1964. The majority of housing stock was initially occupied by professionals and laborers employed in industries south of the James River. About one-third of the houses were rental properties in 1920. The Craftsman and Colonial Revival architectural styles prevail with numerous houses representing either the Bungalow or American Foursquare sub-types. Two early-nineteenth- century, waterworks-related structures and one site are within the boundaries. At the foot of West 22nd Street are the stone foundations of the Manchester Waterworks, commenced circa 1820 and enlarged circa 1878. An underground aqueduct and the site of a water-control tower, built between 1814 and 1820, are situated near the intersection of West 19th Street and Stonewall Section 7 page 4 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 Springhill Historic District Richmond, Virginia Name of Property County and State Avenue. A conceptual plan of the neighborhood was first published in 1848 when the area represented a small section of a larger planned town, Spring Hill. Legal plats depicting the present-day block-and-street-grid plan of the district were filed in Chesterfield County in 1862 and 1873. _____________________________________________________________________________ Narrative Description Landscape The historic district is situated on a terrace that slopes gently down from the apex of 120 feet above sea level to 100 feet at the perimeter. Along the north boundary, the terrain falls sharply toward the James River below. Riverside Drive generally parallels the district’s north boundary and is notable for having been originally constructed by the Works Progress Administration during the Great Depression. As its name suggests, Riverside Drive extends along the James River. Original stonework and retaining walls are extant along many segments of the road. The district’s layout corresponds to the original plat for the neighborhood, that of a rectilinear grid of evenly spaced streets and square blocks, spanning three square blocks from north to south and four square blocks from east to west. Each block is subdivided into a smaller grid of standardized rectangular lots, with lots approximately 30 feet wide and 120 feet deep. Nearly all of the houses on West 19th and West 22nd Streets are situated on single lots. The majority of dwellings on West 20th and West 21st Streets are situated on double-wide lots, approximately 60 feet wide by 120 feet deep. The streets appear to have been cut in so that most of the lots are elevated several feet above the plane of the streets. To minimize erosion, houses on elevated lots typically have low stone or concrete retaining walls. Viewed from street level, houses perched above the grade of the street take on a vertical quality, a characteristic that is accentuated when a two-story dwelling is situated on a narrow, 30-foot-wide lot. Compared to the nearby streetcar suburbs of Woodland Heights and Forest Hill, where lots typically range in width from 50 to 100 feet, the relatively narrow lots in Springhill are atypical. The early development of the plat suggests a closer association with urban planning where standard lots may be
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