Recreational Fisheries: Ecological, Economic and Social Evaluation
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Recreational Fisheries: Ecological, Economic and Social Evaluation Edited by Tony J. Pitcher Fisheries Centre, UBC, Canada and Charles E. Hollingworth Bangor, Wales, UK Recreational Fisheries Fish and Aquatic Resources Series Series Editor: Tony J. Pitcher Director, Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, Canada The Blackwell Publishing Fish and Aquatic Resources Series is an initiative aimed at providing key books in this fast-moving eld, published to a high international standard. The Series includes books that review major themes and issues in the science of shes and the interdisciplinary study of their exploitation in human sheries. Volumes in the Series combine a broad geographical scope with in-depth focus on concepts, research frontiers and analytical frameworks. These books will be of interest to research workers in the biology, zoology, ichthyology, ecology and physiology of sh and the economics, anthropology, so- ciology and all aspects of sheries. They will also appeal to non-specialists such as those with a commercial or industrial stake in sheries. It is the aim of the editorial team that books in the Blackwell Publishing Fish and Aquatic Resources Series should adhere to the highest academic standards through being fully peer reviewed and edited by specialists in the eld. The Series books are produced by Blackwell Publishing in a prestigious and distinctive format. The Series Editor, Professor Tony J. Pitcher is an experienced international author, and founding editor of the leading journal in the eld of sh and sheries. The Series Editor and Publisher at Blackwell Publishing, Nigel Balmforth, will be pleased to discuss suggestions, advise on scope, and provide evaluations of proposals for books intended for the Series. Please see contact details listed below. Titles currently included in the Series (Full details at www.FishKnowledge.com) 1. Effects of Fishing on Marine Ecosystems and Communities (S. Hall) 1999 2. Salmonid Fishes (Edited by Y. Altukhov et al.) 2000 3. Percid Fishes (J. Craig) 2000 4. Fisheries Oceanography (Edited by P. Harrison & T. Parsons) 2000 5. Sustainable Fishery Systems (A. Charles) 2000 6. Krill (Edited by I. Everson) 2000 7. Tropical Estuarine Fishes (S. Blaber) 2000 8. Recreational Fisheries (Edited by T.J. Pitcher & C.E. Hollingworth) 2002 For further information concerning books in the series, please contact: Nigel Balmforth, Professional Division, Blackwell Publishing, Osney Mead, Oxford OX2 0EL, UK Tel: +44 (0) 1865 206206; Fax +44 (0) 1865 721205 e-mail: [email protected] Recreational Fisheries: Ecological, Economic and Social Evaluation Edited by Tony J. Pitcher Fisheries Centre, UBC, Canada and Charles E. Hollingworth Bangor, Wales, UK ' 2002 by DISTRIBUTORS Blackwell Science Ltd Marston Book Services Ltd Editorial Of ces: PO Box 269 Osney Mead, Oxford OX2 0EL Abingdon 25 John Street, London WC1N 2BS Oxon OX14 4YN 23 Ainslie Place, Edinburgh EH3 6AJ (Orders: Tel: 01235 465500 350 Main Street, Malden Fax: 01865 465555) MA 02148 5018, USA 54 University Street, Carlton USA and Canada Victoria 3053, Australia Iowa State University Press 10, rue Casimir Delavigne A Blackwell Science Company 75006 Paris, France 2121 S. State Avenue Ames, Iowa 50014-8300 Other Editorial Of ces: (Orders: Tel: 800-862-6657 Fax: 515-292-3348 Blackwell Wissenschafts-Verlag GmbH Web www.isupress.com Kurf rstendamm 57 email: [email protected] 10707 Berlin, Germany Australia Blackwell Science KK Blackwell Science Pty Ltd MG Kodenmacho Building 54 University Street 7 10 Kodenmacho Nihombashi Carlton, Victoria 3053 Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan (Orders: Tel: 03 9347 0300 Fax: 03 9347 5001) Iowa State University Press A Blackwell Science Company A catalogue record for this title 2121 S. State Avenue is available from the British Library Ames, Iowa 50014 8300, USA ISBN 0-632-06391-2 The right of the Author to be identi ed as the Author of this Work has been asserted in Library of Congress accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Cataloging-in-Publication Data Patents Act 1988. is available All rights reserved. No part of this publication For further information on may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, Blackwell Science, visit our website: or transmitted, in any form or by any means, www.blackwell-science.com electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. First published 2002 Set in 10/13 pt Times by Sparks Computer Solutions Ltd, Oxford http://www.sparks.co.uk Printed and bound in Great Britain by MPG Books, Bodmin, Cornwall The Blackwell Science logo is a trade mark of Blackwell Science Ltd, registered at the United Kingdom Trade Marks Registry Contents List of Contributors vii Series Foreword xi Preface xiii Acknowledgements xv 1 Fishing for Fun: Where s the Catch? 1 T.J. Pitcher and C.E. Hollingworth 2 Recreational Fishing: Value is in the Eye of the Beholder 17 R.E. Kearney 3 Economic Evaluation of Recreational Fishery Policies 34 M.A. Rudd, H. Folmer and G.C. van Kooten 4 Recreational and Commercial Fishers in the Namibian Silver Kob Fishery 53 U.R. Sumaila 5 Projecting Recreational Fishing Participation 63 E.M. Thunberg and J.W.Milon 6 Catch-and-Release Recreational Fishing: a Historical Perspective 74 D. Policansky 7 Controversy over Catch-and-Release Recreational Fishing in Europe 95 . Aas, C.E. Thailing and R.B. Ditton 8 Maintaining Quality in Recreational Fisheries: How Success Breeds Failure in Management of Open-Access Sport Fisheries 107 S. Cox and C. Walters 9 The Importance of Angler Motivations in Sport Fishery Management 120 B. Calvert vi Contents 10 Evaluating Recreational Fishing in Germany 130 W. Steffens and M. Winkel 11 A Survey of the Economic Value of Nordic Recreational Fisheries 137 A.-L. Toivonen 12 An Evaluation of Recreational Fishing in England and Wales 144 J. Lyons, P. Hickley and S. Gledhill 13 Valuation and Policy in Alaskan Sport Fisheries 156 J.W. Duf eld, M.F. Merritt and C.J. Neher 14 Evaluating Marine Sport Fisheries in the USA 186 B. Gentner and A. Lowther 15 New Large-Scale Survey Methods for Evaluating Sport Fisheries 207 J.M. Lyle, A.P.M. Coleman, L. West, D. Campbell and G.W. Henry 16 Evaluating the Marine Recreational Fishery in South Africa 227 M.H. Grif ths and S.J. Lamberth 17 The Next Chapter: Multicultural and Cross-Disciplinary Progress in Evaluating Recreational Fisheries 252 . Aas Index 264 List of Contributors Oystein Aas Sean Cox Norwegian Institute for Nature Research Center for Limnology (NINA) University of Wisconsin Division for Man Environment Studies Madison, Wisconsin 53706 Fakkelgarden USA N 2624 Lillehammer E-mail: [email protected] Norway E-mail: [email protected] Robert B. Ditton Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Barbara Calvert Sciences National Fisheries Policy Framework Texas A&M University Fisheries and Oceans Canada College Station, Texas 77843 2258 200 Kent Street USA Ottawa, Ontario E-mail: [email protected] Canada K1A•0E6 E-mail: [email protected] John W. Duf eld Department of Economics David Campbell University of Montana David Campbell and Associates, Fishery Missoula, Montana 59812 Economists USA PO Box 228 E-mail: [email protected] Kippax, ACT•2615 Australia Henk Folmer Mansholt Graduate School, Wageningen Anne P.M. Coleman University Department of Primary Industry and Fisheries Hollandseweg 1 GPO Box 990 6706 KN Wageningen Darwin, NT•0810 The Netherlands Australia E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] viii Contributors Brad Gentner Charles E. Hollingworth NOAA, NMFS, NMFS F/ST1 School of Biological Sciences 1315 East West Highway University of Wales Bangor Silver Spring, Maryland 20910 Bangor, Gwynedd LL57•2UW USA United Kingdom E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Stephen Gledhill Robert E. Kearney Environment Agency, Head Of ce Applied Ecology Research Group Rio House, Waterside Drive University of Canberra Aztec West ACT•2601 Almondsbury, Bristol, BS32•4UD Australia United Kingdom E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: stephen.gledhill@environment- agency.gov.uk G. Cornelis van Kooten Department of Applied Economics and Marc H. Grif ths Statistics Line sh Section University of Nevada Reno Marine and Coastal Management Mail Stop 204 Private Bag X2 Roggebai Reno, Nevada 89557 0105 8012 Cape Town USA South Africa E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: mgrif [email protected] Steve J. Lamberth Gary W. Henry Line sh Section New South Wales Fisheries Marine and Coastal Management PO Box 21 Private Bag X2 Roggebai Cronulla, NSW•2230 8012 Cape Town Australia South Africa E-mail: [email protected] Phil Hickley National Coarse Fisheries Centre Alan Lowther Environment Agency NOAA, NMFS, NMFS F/ST1 Arthur Drive, Hoo Farm Industrial Estate 1315 East West Highway Worcester Road Silver Spring, Maryland 20910 Kidderminster, DY11•7RA USA United Kingdom E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: phil.hickley@environment- agency.gov.uk Contributors ix Jeremy M. Lyle Tony J. Pitcher Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Fisheries Centre Institute 2204 Main Mall University of Tasmania University of British Columbia Marine Research Laboratories Vancouver, BC Nubeena Crescent Canada V6T•1Z4 Taroona, TAS•7053 E-mail: t.pitcher@ sheries.ubc.ca Australia E-mail: [email protected] David Policansky National Research Council Jim Lyons 2001 Wisconsin Ave. NW Environment Agency, Midland Region Washington, DC 20418 Trentside Of ces USA Scarrington Road, West Bridgford E-mail: [email protected] Nottingham, NG2•5FA United Kingdom Murray A. Rudd E-mail: jim.lyons@environment- Mansholt Graduate School, Wageningen agency.gov.uk University Hollandseweg 1 Margaret F. Merritt 6706 KN Wageningen Commissioner s Of ce The Netherlands Alaska Department of Fish & Game E-mail: [email protected] 1300 College Rd Fairbanks, Alaska 99701 Werner Steffens USA German Angler Association E-mail: [email protected] Weissenseer Weg 110 D 10369 Berlin-Lichtenber g J.