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Are Deep-Sea Fisheries Sustainable? a Summary of New Scientific Analysis: Norse, E.A., S
RESEARCH SERIES AUGUST 2011 High biological vulnerability and economic incentives challenge the viability of deep-sea fisheries. ARE DEEP-SEA FISHERIES SUSTAINABLE? A SUMMARY OF NEW SCIENTIFIC AnaLYSIS: Norse, E.A., S. Brooke, W.W.L. Cheung, M.R. Clark, I. Ekeland, R. Froese, K.M. Gjerde, R.L. Haedrich, S.S. Heppell, T. Morato, L.E. Morgan, D. Pauly, U. R. Sumaila and R. Watson. 2012. Sustainability of Deep-sea Fisheries. Marine Policy 36(2): 307–320. AS COASTAL FISHERIES have declined around the world, fishermen have expanded their operations beyond exclusive economic zones (EEZs) to the high seas beyond EEZs, including the deep sea. Although the deep sea is the largest yet least ecologically productive part of the ocean, seamounts and other habitats can host significant amounts of some deep- sea fish species, especially when they aggregate to breed and feed. Many deep-sea fishes are slow to reproduce, or produce young only sporadically, however, making commercial fisheries unsustainable. Dr. Elliott Norse of the Marine Conservation Institute and a multidisciplinary team of co-authors analyzed data on fishes, fisheries and deep-sea biology and assessed key economic drivers and international laws to determine whether deep-sea commercial fishing could be sustainable. Ultimately, the authors conclude that most deep-sea fisheries are unsustainable, especially on the high seas. This Lenfest Research Series report is a summary of the scientists’ findings. DEEP-SEA FISHERIES As coastal fisheries have declined, fishing in the deep sea has increased. Technological advances have enabled fishing vessels to travel further from shore and locate aggregations of fish in depths that were unreachable years ago (see graphic). -
Impact on Local Fishermen on Inhaca Island, Mozambique, Due to Introduction of a New Marine Reserve
Impact on local fishermen on Inhaca Island, Mozambique, due to introduction of a new marine reserve – with focus on fish catches Caroline Enebrand Uppsats för avläggande av naturvetenskaplig kandidatexamen i Miljövetenskap 15 hp Institutionen för biologi och miljövetenskap Göteborgs universitet Juni 2012 Abstract In July 2009 the government of Mozambique approved a new Marine Protected Area, the Ponta do Ouro Partial Marine Reserve (PPMR). The reserve extends from Ponta do Ouro (in the south of Mozambique) up to the mouth of Maputo River near the capital Maputo. Recently the Ministry of Tourism wrote a management plan for the reserve. Along with the new management come new restrictions, which can affect local communities depending on the marine resources. As an example it will be prohibited to fish demersal fish and use vertical jigs. This report will focus on the area of Inhaca Island, which is located in the Indian Ocean within the area of the new reserve. The main purpose of this study was to analyze how the artisanal fishery on Inhaca could be affected by the new restrictions. This was based on semi-structured interviews with local fishermen from Inhaca to learn about their fish habits such as caught fish species. The result showed that 21 % of the total amount of caught fish species stated by all fishermen from the interviews, was demersal species. Since demersal fishing will not be allowed within the new marine reserve, they have to fish differently to be able to fish legally. This report also contains a brief description of the current management system regarding fishery, which is based on interviews with managers/actors from different public sectors within the fishing industry. -
Towards Sustainability in World Fisheries
insight review articles Towards sustainability in world fisheries Daniel Pauly, Villy Christensen, Sylvie Guénette, Tony J. Pitcher, U. Rashid Sumaila, Carl J. Walters, R. Watson & Dirk Zeller Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, 2204 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4 (e-mail: [email protected]) Fisheries have rarely been ‘sustainable’. Rather, fishing has induced serial depletions, long masked by improved technology, geographic expansion and exploitation of previously spurned species lower in the food web. With global catches declining since the late 1980s, continuation of present trends will lead to supply shortfall, for which aquaculture cannot be expected to compensate, and may well exacerbate. Reducing fishing capacity to appropriate levels will require strong reductions of subsidies. Zoning the oceans into unfished marine reserves and areas with limited levels of fishing effort would allow sustainable fisheries, based on resources embedded in functional, diverse ecosystems. ishing is the catching of aquatic wildlife, the aftermath of the Second World War added another ‘peace equivalent of hunting bison, deer and rabbits on dividend’ to the industrialization of fishing: freezer trawlers, land. Thus, it is not surprising that industrial- radar and acoustic fish finders. The fleets of the Northern scale fishing should generally not be sustainable: Hemisphere were ready to take on the world. industrial-scale hunting, on land, would not be, Fisheries science advanced over this time as well: the two Feither. What is surprising rather, is how entrenched the world wars had shown that strongly exploited fish popula- notion is that unspecified ‘environmental change’ caused, tions, such as those of the North Sea, would recover most, if and continues to cause, the collapse of exploited fish not all, of their previous abundance when released from populations. -
American Fisheries Society • OCT 2013
VOL 38 NO 10 FisheriesAmerican Fisheries Society • www.fisheries.org OCT 2013 Sound Science and Future Trends An Imperative Change is Needed Scary Habitat Numbers Avoiding Bycatch Digitizing Applications for Diversity Smartphones and Digital Tablets in Fisheries Fishery-Induced Collapse of Invasive Asian Carp 03632415(2013)38(10) Fisheries VOL 38 NO 10 OCTOBER 2013 Contents COLUMNS President’s Commentary 431 We Must Do Better—We Have To Do Better The major reason I am writing this column was that I learned from one of our members who is a person of color that I was the first person to really engage him in meaningful conversation at an AFS annual meeting. Until then, he felt that he had been invisible, if not disliked, for his race. Bob Hughes, AFS President Oregon commercial salmon fisherman Kevin Bastien trying Fish Habitat Connections 455 out the at-sea SPT system developed by Lavrakas et al. (2012). 432 Scary Numbers Photo credit: John Lavrakas. We know the challenges and must now seize the opportunities to protect and restore habitats. 455 Smartphones and Digital Tablets: Emerging Tools Thomas E. Bigford for Fisheries Professionals Our handheld digital devices and fisheries. Digital Revolution Lee F. G. Gutowsky, Jenilee Gobin, Nicholas J. Burnett, 433 Hiring Tools Jacqueline M. Chapman, Lauren J. Stoot, and Shireen Bliss Finding diversity in applications for fisheries programs can be an easier fix than you may think. BOOK REVIEWS Jeff Kopaska 462 Conservation, Ecology, and Management of Director’s Line Catfish: The Second International Symposium, edited 469 Sound Science and Future Trends by P. -
COVID-19 Provides an Opportunity to Advance a Sustainable UK Fisheries Policy in a Post-Brexit Brave New World
Marine Policy 120 (2020) 104114 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Marine Policy journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/marpol Short communication COVID-19 provides an opportunity to advance a sustainable UK fisheries policy in a post-Brexit brave new world Paul S. Kemp a,*, Rainer Froese b, Daniel Pauly c a International Centre for Ecohydraulics Research, Faculty of Engineering and the Physical Sciences, Southampton Boldrewood Innovation Campus, University of Southampton, SO16 7QF, UK b GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, 24105, Kiel, Germany c Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, The University of British Columbia, 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C., V6T 1Z4, Canada ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Brexit creates a systemic shock that provides a unique opportunity for the UK to implement a new sustainable Ocean harvest Fisheries Policy to better manage the multiple stocks on which future fisherswill depend on leaving the European European union fisheries policy Union. At the same time, the global slowdown of commercial fishing as a result of COVID-19 has reduced Marine fisheries management pressure on some threatened stocks to levels not seen since the Second World War. In combination, Brexit and the Water-energy-fisheries Nexus COVID-19 slowdown have created a unique opportunity to facilitate the recovery of a threatened resource. Nevertheless, challenges remain as fisheries represent only 0.12% of UK economic output, presenting a risk that opportunities for more sustainable management will be lost during wider -
Letter from Canadian Scientists to Canadian Prime Minister Paul Martin
Open Letter to the Right Honorable Paul Martin, Prime Minister of Canada and the Honourable Geoff Regan, Minister of Fisheries and Oceans Canada The Right Honourable Paul Martin Prime Minister’s Office Langevin Block 80 Wellington Street Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0A2 613-995-0101 [email protected] The Honourable Geoff Regan Minister of Fisheries and Oceans Canada Minister’s Office, Centennial Tower 200 Kent Street Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0E6 Fax: 613-990-7292 [email protected] October 17th, 2005 Dear Prime Minister Martin and Minister Regan, We urge you to take advantage of a historical opportunity to secure significant protection for the world’s deep-ocean ecosystems on the high seas – the two-thirds of the world’s oceans that lie beyond the jurisdiction of any nation. We are calling on you to exercise Canadian leadership in the negotiation of a moratorium on deep-sea bottom trawl fishing on the high seas at the United Nations General Assembly this year. Supporting a moratorium would address the effects of foreign overfishing of straddling stocks that cross Canada’s EEZ on the Grand Banks of Newfoundland. In addition, such an action would be in keeping with Canada’s national and international commitments to biodiversity protection. We further urge you to take action in Canadian waters, by recognizing the effects of trawling and implementing habitat protection measures, gear restrictions and supporting the use of alternative and less destructive gear types. Both actions would be strongly supported by the Canadian public and Canada would truly be seen as a leader in the global movement to restore, conserve and protect the marine environment. -
SUBSISTENCE, SETTLEMENT, and LAND-USE CHANGES DURING the MISSISSIPPIAN PERIOD on ST. CATHERINES ISLAND, GEORGIA by SARAH GREENHO
SUBSISTENCE, SETTLEMENT, AND LAND-USE CHANGES DURING THE MISSISSIPPIAN PERIOD ON ST. CATHERINES ISLAND, GEORGIA by SARAH GREENHOE BERGH (Under the Direction of Elizabeth J. Reitz) ABSTRACT This research examines the human-environment interactions on St. Catherines Island, Georgia, during the late Woodland through the Mississippian period (AD 800–1580). Results from multiple analyses indicate that socio-political, demographic, and economic changes during this period were associated with changes in subsistence, settlement, and land-use patterns. Archaeofaunal collections of vertebrates and invertebrates are examined from three sites in a single locality, representing human occupation during the entire Mississippian period—9LI21, 9LI229, and 9LI230. Two additional late Mississippian archaeofaunal collections of vertebrates are examined from different island locations—9LI207 and 9LI1637. Fine-grained recovery techniques, not previously used for Mississippian deposits on St. Catherines Island, produced collections dominated by estuarine resources, especially oysters, clams, stout tagelus, sea catfishes, mullets, killifishes, and drums. Previous methods used to recover faunal remains produced collections dominated by deer. This study suggests that, though deer contributed large amounts of meat to the diet, estuarine resources were more abundant and contributed the most meat. A Mississippian chiefdom developed on the island during the Irene phase (AD 1300– 1580), with social inequality, large and dense populations living in communities of multiple, integrated settlements, and maize farming. Zooarchaeological evidence presented in this study suggests these socio-political changes led to new human-environment interactions, compared to the early Mississippian period. Irene peoples used a larger number and wider variety of shellfishing and fishing locations than early Mississippian folk. The Irene fishing strategy caught more large fishes and may have involved a shift to larger-scale mass-capture techniques, such as weirs. -
Tuna Be, Or Not Tuna Be: Using Catch Data to Observe the Ecological Impacts of Commercial Tuna Fisheries in the Pacific Ocean at Varying Spatial Scales
TUNA BE, OR NOT TUNA BE: USING CATCH DATA TO OBSERVE THE ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS OF COMMERCIAL TUNA FISHERIES IN THE PACIFIC OCEAN AT VARYING SPATIAL SCALES by Laurenne Louise Schiller B.Sc. (Hons.), University of Guelph, 2010 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE in The Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies (Zoology) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) August 2014 © Laurenne Louise Schiller, 2014 ABSTRACT Tuna are arguably the world’s most valuable, versatile, yet vulnerable fishes. With current landings over 4 million tonnes annually, all species of tuna from all three major ocean basins are caught, traded, and consumed at various intensities around the globe. Understanding the implications of such an extensive industry is paramount to protecting the long-term health and sustainability of both the tuna fisheries as well as the ecosystems in which they operate. Given that the Pacific Ocean accounts for roughly two-thirds of the global commercial tuna catch, this thesis assesses the trends and ecological impacts of commercial tuna fishing at both the artisanal and industrial scale in this ocean. To observe the importance of tuna fisheries at a local scale, a case study of the Galápagos Islands is presented. In this context, it was observed that over-fishing and the subsequent depletion of large, low fecund serranids has resulted in a high level of ‘fishing down’ within the near- shore ecosystem. Consequently, as fishers are forced to expand to regions off-shore, tuna and coastal scombrids are becoming increasingly targeted. With regard to industrial fishing, tuna vessels (especially distant-water longliners) are known to generate a substantial amount of associated bycatch and discards. -
1 Transcript Of
i 126th Council Meeting Minutes Ala Moana Hotel Honolulu, Hawaii March 14-17, 2005 TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE 1. Introductions . 1 2. Approval of Agenda . .. 1 . 3. Approval of 124th and 125th Meeting Minutes . 1 4. Island Reports A. American Samoa . 2 B. Guam . 3 C. Hawaii . 6 D. Northern Mariana Islands . 7 5. Reports from Fishery Agencies and Organizations A. Department of Commerce . 10 1. National Marine Fisheries Service a. Pacific Islands Regional Office . 10 b. Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center . .. 13 2. National Marine Sanctuary Program a. Pacific National Marine Sanctuaries Update . 140 3. NOAA General Counsel SWR . .. 17 B. Department of Interior - Fish and Wildlife Service . 20 C. State Department . …. 22 D. Report from the GBR Marine Park . 24 ii 6. Enforcement/VMS A. USCG Activities . 34 B. NOAA OLE Activities . 38 TITLE PAGE 6.B.1 OLE Report . .. 39 C. Enforcement Activities of Local Agencies . .. .. 40 D. Status of Violations . … . .. 41 E. HI Shallow-set Operational Plan . .. .. 43 F. American Samoa Limited Entry Program . .. .. 46 G. Bottomfish Fishery Permits and Reporting Requirements . .. 47 H. Update on Electronic Logbooks Amendment . .. 48 I. Standing Committee Recommendations . .. .. 48 J. Council Discussion and Action . .. 261 7. Pelagic Fisheries (Domestic and International) A. Bigeye Overfishing Plan . 51 B. Institutional Arrangements for Pelagic Management in the WCPO . .110 C. Am. Samoa & Hawaii Longline Fisheries . 69 1. 2004 Third and Fourth Quarter Reports . 69 2. Shallow-set Longline Set Definition . 77 3. Proposed Changes to Hawaii-based Longline Fishery Closed Area . 79 D. International Issues 1. Prepcon 7/WCFMC1 . 91 2. FAO Technical Consultation on Turtles . -
American Fisheries Society • Management
VOL 33 NO 5 MAY 2008 Fish News Legislative Update Journal Highlights FisheriesAmerican Fisheries Society • www.fisheries.org Calendar Job Center Demonstration Flow Assessment: Judgement and Visual Observation in Instream Flow Studies Management Concerns about Known and Potential Impacts of Lead Use in Shooting and Fishing Activities Fisheries • v o l 33 n o 5• m a y 2008 • w w w .f i s h e r i e s .o r g 209 Bringing Back Winter Flounder Hatchery reared winter flounder are tagged with fluorescent red Visible Implant Elastomer to distinguish them from wild fish after release. Dr. Fairchild releases the flounder into shallow coastal waters at a length of about 40 mm. now evaluating how well the released fish contribute The winter flounder Pseudopleuronectes americanus to the natural populations and developing strategies is an important commercial and recreational fish to maximize post release survival3. along much of North America’s Atlantic coast. Inshore habitat degradation and overfishing An essential aspect of the investigation is the ability contributed to stock declines throughout their range, to identify individuals derived from the release leaving catches at a fraction of historical levels. program. This is achieved using NMT’s Visible Reducing fishing mortality and protecting essential Implant Elastomer (VIE). Critical characteristics of habitat have helped stocks to begin recovery, but VIE include the ability to tag small fish, the capacity they still have a long way to go. to identify different batches of fish, the rapid rate of tagging that can be achieved, and the low cost tag. To accelerate the recovery of winter flounder, researchers in New Hampshire, led by Dr. -
Foundations of Fisheries Science
Foundations of Fisheries Science Foundations of Fisheries Science Edited by Greg G. Sass Northern Unit Fisheries Research Team Leader Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Escanaba Lake Research Station 3110 Trout Lake Station Drive, Boulder Junction, Wisconsin 54512, USA Micheal S. Allen Professor, Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences University of Florida 7922 NW 71st Street, PO Box 110600, Gainesville, Florida 32653, USA Section Edited by Robert Arlinghaus Professor, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes Müggelseedamm 310, 12587 Berlin, Germany James F. Kitchell A.D. Hasler Professor (Emeritus), Center for Limnology University of Wisconsin-Madison 680 North Park Street, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA Kai Lorenzen Professor, Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences University of Florida 7922 NW 71st Street, P.O. Box 110600, Gainesville, Florida 32653, USA Daniel E. Schindler Professor, Aquatic and Fishery Science/Department of Biology Harriett Bullitt Chair in Conservation University of Washington Box 355020, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA Carl J. Walters Professor, Fisheries Centre University of British Columbia 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY BETHESDA, MARYLAND 2014 A suggested citation format for this book follows. Sass, G. G., and M. S. Allen, editors. 2014. Foundations of Fisheries Science. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland. © Copyright 2014 by the American Fisheries Society All rights reserved. Photocopying for internal or personal use, or for the internal or personal use of specific clients, is permitted by AFS provided that the appropriate fee is paid directly to Copy- right Clearance Center (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, Massachusetts 01923, USA; phone 978-750-8400. -
Challenges in Adaptive Management of Riparian and Coastal Ecosystems Author(S): Carl Walters Source: Conservation Ecology, Vol
Resilience Alliance Inc. Challenges in adaptive management of riparian and coastal ecosystems Author(s): Carl Walters Source: Conservation Ecology, Vol. 1, No. 2 (Dec 1997) Published by: Resilience Alliance Inc. Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/26271661 Accessed: 18-08-2018 18:51 UTC REFERENCES Linked references are available on JSTOR for this article: https://www.jstor.org/stable/26271661?seq=1&cid=pdf-reference#references_tab_contents You may need to log in to JSTOR to access the linked references. JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at https://about.jstor.org/terms This article is licensed under a Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. Resilience Alliance Inc. is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Conservation Ecology This content downloaded from 70.79.145.98 on Sat, 18 Aug 2018 18:51:57 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms Table of Contents Challenges in adaptive management of riparian and coastal ecosystems............................................................0 ABSTRACT...................................................................................................................................................0