Elevational Variation of Body Size and Reproductive Traits in High-Latitude
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Sexual Selection Research on Spiders: Progress and Biases
Biol. Rev. (2005), 80, pp. 363–385. f Cambridge Philosophical Society 363 doi:10.1017/S1464793104006700 Printed in the United Kingdom Sexual selection research on spiders: progress and biases Bernhard A. Huber* Zoological Research Institute and Museum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany (Received 7 June 2004; revised 25 November 2004; accepted 29 November 2004) ABSTRACT The renaissance of interest in sexual selection during the last decades has fuelled an extraordinary increase of scientific papers on the subject in spiders. Research has focused both on the process of sexual selection itself, for example on the signals and various modalities involved, and on the patterns, that is the outcome of mate choice and competition depending on certain parameters. Sexual selection has most clearly been demonstrated in cases involving visual and acoustical signals but most spiders are myopic and mute, relying rather on vibrations, chemical and tactile stimuli. This review argues that research has been biased towards modalities that are relatively easily accessible to the human observer. Circumstantial and comparative evidence indicates that sexual selection working via substrate-borne vibrations and tactile as well as chemical stimuli may be common and widespread in spiders. Pattern-oriented research has focused on several phenomena for which spiders offer excellent model objects, like sexual size dimorphism, nuptial feeding, sexual cannibalism, and sperm competition. The accumulating evidence argues for a highly complex set of explanations for seemingly uniform patterns like size dimorphism and sexual cannibalism. Sexual selection appears involved as well as natural selection and mechanisms that are adaptive in other contexts only. Sperm competition has resulted in a plethora of morpho- logical and behavioural adaptations, and simplistic models like those linking reproductive morphology with behaviour and sperm priority patterns in a straightforward way are being replaced by complex models involving an array of parameters. -
Comparison of Reproductive Traits Between Two Salt-Marsh Wolf Spiders (Araneae, Lycosidae) Under Different Habitat Suitability Conditions
Animal Biology 61 (2011) 127–138 brill.nl/ab Comparison of reproductive traits between two salt-marsh wolf spiders (Araneae, Lycosidae) under different habitat suitability conditions Charlène Puzin1, Anthony Acou2, Dries Bonte3 and Julien Pétillon4,∗ 1 Université de Rennes 1, U.R.U. 420 – Biodiversité et Gestion des territoires, U.F.R. SVE, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, CS 74205, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France 2 Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, U.M.R. 7208 BOREA – Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques, Station Marine de Dinard, BP 70134, 38 rue du Port Blanc, 35800 Dinard, France 3 Ghent University, Terrestrial Ecology Unit (TEREC), Department of Biology, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium 4 University of Antwerp, Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium Abstract Salt-marsh invasions by the grass Elymus athericus (Poaceae) recently transformed usual areas dom- inated by Atriplex portulacoides (Chenopodiaceae) into homogeneous meadows. Two wolf spider species, Pardosa purbeckensis and Arctosa fulvolineata, show contrasting densities and habitat prefer- ences in salt marshes (respectively dominant and co-dominant ground-living spiders) and oppositely respond to the grass invasion. This allowed us to test whether invasive species that alter habitat struc- ture affect reproduction in addition to previously recorded changes in density. Reproductive traits (female mass, cocoon mass, number and volume of eggs, hatched cocoon as a proxy of reproduc- tion date) were studied in both invaded and natural salt marshes during 2007 and 2008 in the Mont St-Michel Bay (France). In both species, reproductive outputs (cocoon mass) were higher in optimal habitats and volume of eggs was found to be independent from female mass, whereas the latter sig- nificantly influenced the number of eggs. -
Effect of Formica Aserva Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on Ground Dwelling Arthropods in Central British Columbia
EFFECT OF FORMICA ASERVA FOREL (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) ON GROUND DWELLING ARTHROPODS IN CENTRAL BRITISH COLUMBIA by Kendra Gail Schotzko B.S., University of Idaho, 2008 THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES (BIOLOGY) UNIVERSITY OF NORTHERN BRITISH COLUMBIA June 2012 © Kendra G. Schotzko, 2012 Library and Archives Bibliotheque et Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du 1+1 Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-94131-7 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-94131-7 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library and permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par I'lnternet, preter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans le loan, distrbute and sell theses monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, sur worldwide, for commercial or non support microforme, papier, electronique et/ou commercial purposes, in microform, autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in this et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. Ni thesis. Neither the thesis nor la these ni des extraits substantiels de celle-ci substantial extracts from it may be ne doivent etre imprimes ou autrement printed or otherwise reproduced reproduits sans son autorisation. -
Effects of Climate Change on Arctic Arthropod Assemblages and Distribution Phd Thesis
Effects of climate change on Arctic arthropod assemblages and distribution PhD thesis Rikke Reisner Hansen Academic advisors: Main supervisor Toke Thomas Høye and co-supervisor Signe Normand Submitted 29/08/2016 Data sheet Title: Effects of climate change on Arctic arthropod assemblages and distribution Author University: Aarhus University Publisher: Aarhus University – Denmark URL: www.au.dk Supervisors: Assessment committee: Arctic arthropods, climate change, community composition, distribution, diversity, life history traits, monitoring, species richness, spatial variation, temporal variation Date of publication: August 2016 Please cite as: Hansen, R. R. (2016) Effects of climate change on Arctic arthropod assemblages and distribution. PhD thesis, Aarhus University, Denmark, 144 pp. Keywords: Number of pages: 144 PREFACE………………………………………………………………………………………..5 LIST OF PAPERS……………………………………………………………………………….6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS……………………………………………………………………...7 SUMMARY……………………………………………………………………………………...8 RESUMÉ (Danish summary)…………………………………………………………………....9 SYNOPSIS……………………………………………………………………………………....10 Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………...10 Study sites and approaches……………………………………………………………………...11 Arctic arthropod community composition…………………………………………………….....13 Potential climate change effects on arthropod composition…………………………………….15 Arctic arthropod responses to climate change…………………………………………………..16 Future recommendations and perspectives……………………………………………………...20 References………………………………………………………………………………………..21 PAPER I: High spatial -
Impact of Agricultural Practices on Biodiversity of Soil Invertebrates
Impact of Agricultural Practices on Biodiversity of Soil Invertebrates Impact of • Stefano Bocchi and Francesca Orlando Agricultural Practices on Biodiversity of Soil Invertebrates Edited by Stefano Bocchi and Francesca Orlando Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Agronomy www.mdpi.com/journal/agronomy Impact of Agricultural Practices on Biodiversity of Soil Invertebrates Impact of Agricultural Practices on Biodiversity of Soil Invertebrates Editors Stefano Bocchi Francesca Orlando MDPI • Basel • Beijing • Wuhan • Barcelona • Belgrade • Manchester • Tokyo • Cluj • Tianjin Editors Stefano Bocchi Francesca Orlando University of Milan University of Milan Italy Italy Editorial Office MDPI St. Alban-Anlage 66 4052 Basel, Switzerland This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395) (available at: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/agronomy/special issues/Soil Invertebrates). For citation purposes, cite each article independently as indicated on the article page online and as indicated below: LastName, A.A.; LastName, B.B.; LastName, C.C. Article Title. Journal Name Year, Volume Number, Page Range. ISBN 978-3-03943-719-1 (Hbk) ISBN 978-3-03943-720-7 (PDF) Cover image courtesy of Valentina Vaglia. c 2020 by the authors. Articles in this book are Open Access and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. The book as a whole is distributed by MDPI under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-ND. -
Koexistence a Rozdělení Niky U Pavouků Rodu Philodromus
Masarykova univerzita Přírodovědecká fakulta Ústav botaniky a zoologie Koexistence a rozdělení niky u pavouků rodu Philodromus Diplomová práce Autor: Radek Michalko Brno 2012 Vedoucí DP: doc. Mgr. Stano Pekár Ph.D. 1 Souhlasím s uloţením této diplomové práce v knihovně Ústavu botaniky a zoologie PřF MU v Brně, případně v jiné knihovně MU, s jejím veřejným půjčováním a vyuţitím pro vědecké, vzdělávací nebo jiné veřejně prospěšné účely, a to za předpokladu, ţe převzaté informace budou řádně citovány a nebudou vyuţívány komerčně. V Brně 8.1.2012 ………………………………… Podpis 2 PODĚKOVÁNÍ Zejména bych chtěl poděkovat vedoucímu mé diplomové práce panu docentu Stanu Pekárovi, ţe mi umoţnil pracovat na tomto tématu, za trpělivé vedení a uţitečné rady. Dále bych chtěl velice poděkovat mým rodičům, bez jejichţ osobní a finanční podpory by tato práce nevznikla. Rovněţ bych chtěl poděkovat Lence Sentenské, Evě Líznarové, Pavlovi Šebkovi a Stanovi Korenkovi za podporu a cenné rady všeho druhu. 3 ABSTRAKT Koexistence a rozdělení niky pavouků rodu Philodromus V této diplomové práci byl zkoumán mechanismus umoţňující koexistenci mezi Philodromus albidus, P. aureolus a P. cespitum. Studie probíhala na území významného krajinného prvku U Kříţe v Brně Starém Lískovci. Studované území se skládá ze třech typů biotopů: listnatý les, křoviny a monokultura švestek. Pavouci byli získáváni pomocí sklepávání. U zkoumaných druhů byly porovnávány různé dimenze niky. Prostorová nika byla zkoumána na základě mikro- aţ makrobiotopových preferencí. Trofická nika byla zkoumána na základě velikosti a typu přirozené kořisti a pomocí laboratorních experimentů potravních preferencí. Časová nika byla zkoumána na základě fenologie jednotlivých druhů. Studované druhy se lišily v prostorové a trofické nice. -
Distribution of Spiders in Coastal Grey Dunes
kaft_def 7/8/04 11:22 AM Pagina 1 SPATIAL PATTERNS AND EVOLUTIONARY D ISTRIBUTION OF SPIDERS IN COASTAL GREY DUNES Distribution of spiders in coastal grey dunes SPATIAL PATTERNS AND EVOLUTIONARY- ECOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF DISPERSAL - ECOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF DISPERSAL Dries Bonte Dispersal is crucial in structuring species distribution, population structure and species ranges at large geographical scales or within local patchily distributed populations. The knowledge of dispersal evolution, motivation, its effect on metapopulation dynamics and species distribution at multiple scales is poorly understood and many questions remain unsolved or require empirical verification. In this thesis we contribute to the knowledge of dispersal, by studying both ecological and evolutionary aspects of spider dispersal in fragmented grey dunes. Studies were performed at the individual, population and assemblage level and indicate that behavioural traits narrowly linked to dispersal, con- siderably show [adaptive] variation in function of habitat quality and geometry. Dispersal also determines spider distribution patterns and metapopulation dynamics. Consequently, our results stress the need to integrate knowledge on behavioural ecology within the study of ecological landscapes. / Promotor: Prof. Dr. Eckhart Kuijken [Ghent University & Institute of Nature Dries Bonte Conservation] Co-promotor: Prf. Dr. Jean-Pierre Maelfait [Ghent University & Institute of Nature Conservation] and Prof. Dr. Luc lens [Ghent University] Date of public defence: 6 February 2004 [Ghent University] Universiteit Gent Faculteit Wetenschappen Academiejaar 2003-2004 Distribution of spiders in coastal grey dunes: spatial patterns and evolutionary-ecological importance of dispersal Verspreiding van spinnen in grijze kustduinen: ruimtelijke patronen en evolutionair-ecologisch belang van dispersie door Dries Bonte Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor [Ph.D.] in Sciences Proefschrift voorgedragen tot het bekomen van de graad van Doctor in de Wetenschappen Promotor: Prof. -
Caracterização Proteometabolômica Dos Componentes Da Teia Da Aranha Nephila Clavipes Utilizados Na Estratégia De Captura De Presas
UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA “JÚLIO DE MESQUITA FILHO” INSTITUTO DE BIOCIÊNCIAS – RIO CLARO PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS BIOLOGIA CELULAR E MOLECULAR Caracterização proteometabolômica dos componentes da teia da aranha Nephila clavipes utilizados na estratégia de captura de presas Franciele Grego Esteves Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto de Biociências do Câmpus de Rio . Claro, Universidade Estadual Paulista, como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de Mestre em Biologia Celular e Molecular. Rio Claro São Paulo - Brasil Março/2017 FRANCIELE GREGO ESTEVES CARACTERIZAÇÃO PROTEOMETABOLÔMICA DOS COMPONENTES DA TEIA DA ARANHA Nephila clavipes UTILIZADOS NA ESTRATÉGIA DE CAPTURA DE PRESA Orientador: Prof. Dr. Mario Sergio Palma Co-Orientador: Dr. José Roberto Aparecido dos Santos-Pinto Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto de Biociências da Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” - Campus de Rio Claro-SP, como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de Mestre em Biologia Celular e Molecular. Rio Claro 2017 595.44 Esteves, Franciele Grego E79c Caracterização proteometabolômica dos componentes da teia da aranha Nephila clavipes utilizados na estratégia de captura de presas / Franciele Grego Esteves. - Rio Claro, 2017 221 f. : il., figs., gráfs., tabs., fots. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro Orientador: Mario Sergio Palma Coorientador: José Roberto Aparecido dos Santos-Pinto 1. Aracnídeo. 2. Seda de aranha. 3. Glândulas de seda. 4. Toxinas. 5. Abordagem proteômica shotgun. 6. Abordagem metabolômica. I. Título. Ficha Catalográfica elaborada pela STATI - Biblioteca da UNESP Campus de Rio Claro/SP Dedico esse trabalho à minha família e aos meus amigos. Agradecimentos AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço a Deus primeiramente por me fortalecer no dia a dia, por me capacitar a enfrentar os obstáculos e momentos difíceis da vida. -
This Article Appeared in a Journal Published by Elsevier. the Attached
This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier’s archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit: http://www.elsevier.com/authorsrights Author's personal copy Landscape and Urban Planning 119 (2013) 1–8 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Landscape and Urban Planning jou rnal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/landurbplan Research paper Urbanisation alters processing of marine carrion on sandy beaches a,b,∗ b b c Chantal M. Huijbers , Thomas A. Schlacher , Dave S. Schoeman , Michael A. Weston , a Rod M. Connolly a Australian Rivers Institute – Coast & Estuaries, and School of Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4222, Australia b Faculty of Science, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Qld 4558, Australia c Deakin University, Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia h i g h l i g h t s • Coastal urbanisation significantly alters the composition of scavenger assemblages. • Invasive mammals replace iconic raptors as scavengers on urban sandy beaches. • Raptors rapidly remove marine carrion from rural beaches. • Profound effects of land-use changes on key ecological processes. -
Schizocosa Ocreata): a Comparison of Survivorship, Critical Body Water Content, and Water Loss Rates Between Sexes
Canadian Journal of Zoology Dehydration resistance and tolerance in the brush -legged wolf spider (Schizocosa ocreata): A comparison of survivorship, critical body water content, and water loss rates between sexes. Journal: Canadian Journal of Zoology Manuscript ID cjz-2016-0133.R1 Manuscript Type: Article Date Submitted by the Author: 21-Nov-2016 Complete List of Authors: Herrmann,Draft Samantha; The Ohio State University, Evolution, Ecology, and Orgnaismal Biology Roberts, J. ; The Ohio State University at Newark, Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology ECOLOGY < Discipline, PHYSIOLOGY < Discipline, ARANEAE < Taxon, Keyword: STRESS < Organ System, TEMPERATE < Habitat https://mc06.manuscriptcentral.com/cjz-pubs Page 1 of 30 Canadian Journal of Zoology Dehydration resistance and tolerance in the brush-legged wolf spider (Schizocosa ocreata ): A comparison of survivorship, critical body water content, and water loss rates between sexes. Samantha K. Herrmann, Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA. ( [email protected] ) J. Andrew Roberts, Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University at Newark, Newark, Ohio, USA. ( [email protected] ) Corresponding Author: Samantha Herrmann,Draft 240B Jennings Hall, 1735 Neil Avenue, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA; Ph. 630.485.0636; Fx. 614 292-4390; [email protected] 1 https://mc06.manuscriptcentral.com/cjz-pubs Canadian Journal of Zoology Page 2 of 30 Dehydration resistance and tolerance in the wolf spider Schizocosa ocreata : A comparison of survivorship, critical body water content, and water loss rates between sexes. Samantha K. Herrmann and J. Andrew Roberts Small-bodied terrestrial animals like spiders face challenges maintaining water reserves essential for homeostasis. -
Bottom-Up and Top-Down Control of Dispersal Across Major Organismal Groups: a Coordinated Distributed Experiment
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/213256; this version posted November 2, 2017. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC 4.0 International license. Bottom-up and top-down control of dispersal across major organismal groups: a coordinated distributed experiment Emanuel A. Fronhofer1;2;∗, Delphine Legrand4, Florian Altermatt1;2, Armelle Ansart3, Simon Blanchet4;5, Dries Bonte6, Alexis Chaine4;7, Maxime Dahirel3;6, Frederik De Laender8, Jonathan De Raedt8;9, Lucie di Gesu5, Staffan Jacob10, Oliver Kaltz11, Estelle Laurent10, Chelsea J. Little1;2, Luc Madec3, Florent Manzi11, Stefano Masier6, Felix Pellerin5, Frank Pennekamp2, Nicolas Schtickzelle10, Lieven Therry4, Alexandre Vong4, Laurane Winandy5 and Julien Cote5 1 Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Aquatic Ecology, Uberlandstrasse¨ 133, CH-8600 D¨ubendorf, Switzerland 2 Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthur- erstrasse 190, CH-8057 Z¨urich, Switzerland 3 Universit´eRennes 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR6553 EcoBio, F- 35042 Rennes cedex, France 4 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universit´ePaul Sabatier, UMR5321 Station d'Ecologie Th´eoriqueet Exp´erimentale (UMR5321), 2 route du CNRS, F-09200 Moulis, France. 5 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), -
“There Would Doubtless Be a Just Feeling of Pride
“There would doubtless be a just feeling of pride and satisfaction in the heart of a naturalist who could say that he had made himself thoroughly acquainted with all the species of a particular group of animals, had learned their most secret habits, and mastered their several relations to the objects, animate and inanimate, which surrounded them. But perhaps a still keener pleasure is enjoyed by one who carries about with him some problem of the kind but partially solved, and who, holding in his hand the clue which shall guide him onwards, sees in each new place that he visits fresh opportunities of discovery.” J. Traherne Moggridge Harvesting Ants and Trap-door Spiders, page 180 Saville, Edwards and Co., London 1874 University of Alberta Composition and structure of spider assemblages in layers of the mixedwood boreal forest after variable retention harvest by Jaime H. Pinzón A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Wildlife Ecology and Management Department of Renewable Resources ©Jaime H. Pinzón Fall 2011 Edmonton, Alberta Permission is hereby granted to the University of Alberta Libraries to reproduce single copies of this thesis and to lend or sell such copies for private, scholarly or scientific research purposes only. Where the thesis is converted to, or otherwise made available in digital form, the University of Alberta will advise potential users of the thesis of these terms. The author reserves all other publication and other rights in association with the copyright in the thesis and, except as herein before provided, neither the thesis nor any substantial portion thereof may be printed or otherwise reproduced in any material form whatsoever without the author's prior written permission.