Aquaculture Growth Potential in Asia

Aquaculture growth potential in Asia

WAPI factsheet to facilitate evidence-based policy- making and sector management in aquaculture

March 2020 Preparation of this factsheet

 This factsheet provides data and information to facilitate the assessment of aquaculture growth potential in Asia.  Analyses in the factsheet are based on official data and statistics published by FAO and other international or national organizations. The data and statistics, which were the most updated at the time when the factsheet was prepared, may differ from data and statistics used in other WAPI factsheets because of different data sources or different versions of the same datasets.  The term “country” used in this factsheet includes non-sovereign territory. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.  Unless noted otherwise, country grouping in this factsheet follows the United Nations M49 standard.  The preparation of the factsheet has benefited from tables and charts generated by various World Aquaculture Performance Indicator (WAPI) modules. Most of these data analysis tools are for FAO internal use, yet some of them are available for test use. Visit the WAPI webpage for more information about WAPI information and knowledge products.  The factsheet was prepared by Junning Cai, Xiaowei Zhou and Giulia Galli. The validity and relevance of the results depend on the quality (in terms of timeliness and accuracy) of the underlying data and statistics used in the analyses – see some remarks on FAO aquaculture statistics in Slide 3. Errors could also occur in the analyses despite our efforts to minimize them. Please let us know if you have any concern.  Contact: Junning Cai (FAO Aquaculture Officer); [email protected]; [email protected].

2 Remarks on FAO aquaculture statistical data – Asia

 FAO aquaculture statistics are based on data submitted by member countries. When there is a lack of data formally reported by a country, FAO usually estimate the country’s aquaculture production based on data and information from alternative sources or rely on relatively conservative estimation methods when alternative data sources are not readily available.  Many countries lack a national statistics system for collection of aquaculture production data on a regular basis for dissemination and for reporting to FAO. Only 25 countries or territories in Asia reported aquaculture production data to FAO in all the five years during 2013–2017. They are Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, China, China, Hong Kong SAR, Cyprus, Iran (Islamic Rep. of), Iraq, Israel, Japan, Kazakhstan, Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Philippines, Qatar, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan Province of China, Thailand, and Turkey.  There is an urgent need for national capacity development in aquaculture statistics system at several levels, including (i) the legal status, institutionalization and resource allocation; (ii) development of national statistical standards in line with international standards; (iii) adequate and stable staffing plus an effective mechanism for data collection, compilation, storage, dissemination and reporting.  For further information about FAO statistics on aquaculture production, contact: Xiaowei Zhou (FAO Aquaculture Officer (Statistics); [email protected]).

3 Species grouping

In this factsheet, “fish” is used as a general term for convenience. When it is necessary to define the scope of a species group in order to correspond a specific quantitative measure, the following definitions are used:  Aquatic products = Fish & seafood + Miscellaneous aquatic animal products + Aquatic plants  Fish & seafood = Finfish + Shellfish + Miscellaneous aquatic animals.  Finfish = Marine fishes + Diadromous fishes + Freshwater fishes  Shellfish = Crustaceans + Molluscs  Molluscs = Shell molluscs (i.e. molluscs excluding cephalopods) + Cephalopods

4 Contents

 Geo-location, natural resources, population and income  Food security, nutrition and health  Contribution of fish to food and nutrition  Domestic fish market (fish consumption)  Fish trade  Fish export  Fish import  Total fishery production  Capture fisheries production  Aquaculture production  Outlook

5 Geo-location, natural resources, population and income

6 Asia: Including 5 geographic sub-regions.

Central Asia Eastern Asia Southern Asia South-eastern Asia Western Asia Kazakhstan China Afghanistan Brunei Darussalam Armenia China, Hong Kong Special Kyrgyzstan Bangladesh Cambodia Azerbaijan Administrative Region China, Macao Special Tajikistan Bhutan Indonesia Bahrain Administrative Region Democratic People's Lao People's Democratic Turkmenistan India Cyprus Republic of Korea Republic Uzbekistan Japan Iran (Islamic Republic of) Malaysia Georgia Mongolia Maldives Myanmar Iraq Republic of Korea Nepal Philippines Israel Taiwan Province of China Pakistan Singapore Jordan Sri Lanka Thailand Kuwait Timor-Leste Lebanon Viet Nam Oman Qatar Saudi Arabia State of Palestine Syrian Arab Republic Turkey United Arab Emirates Yemen Notes: China = China mainland 7 Asia (2017): 91.92 percent of world aquaculture production; 59.87 percent of world population; 61.39 percent of world average per capita GDP. Aquaculture production, population and income status Aquaculture production (2017)1 Population (2017)2 GDP per capita (2017)3 Share of Country/area Share of world Ratio to world Tonnes Million world total Current USD total (%) average (%) (%) World 111 946 623 100 7 548 100.00 10 723 100.00 Asia 102 896 169 91.92 4 519 59.87 6 582 61.39 Eastern Asia 68 598 598 61.28 1 660 21.99 11 946 111.41 South-Eastern Asia 24 652 001 22.02 648 8.59 4 283 39.94 Southern Asia 9 177 843 8.20 1 873 24.82 2 023 18.87 Western Asia 411 088 0.37 267 3.53 12 534 116.89 Central Asia 56 638 0.05 71 0.94 3 864 36.03 Top 10 fish farming countries (in terms of tonnage) in Asia, 2017 China 64 358 481 57.49 1 421 18.83 8 488 79.16 Indonesia 15 896 100 14.20 265 3.51 3 836 35.78 India 6 182 000 5.52 1 339 17.74 1 981 18.48 Viet Nam 3 831 241 3.42 95 1.25 2 330 21.73 Bangladesh 2 333 352 2.08 160 2.12 1 641 15.31 Republic of Korea 2 306 280 2.06 51 0.68 31 781 296.39 Philippines 2 237 787 2.00 105 1.39 2 982 27.81 Myanmar 1 048 863 0.94 53 0.71 1 150 10.72 Japan 1 021 580 0.91 128 1.69 38 115 355.46 Thailand 889 891 0.79 69 0.92 6 579 61.35 Data sources: 1. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019). 2. UN World Population Prospects (2019 Revision). 3. Total GDP from IMF World Economic Outlook Database (April 2019) divided by population from UN World Population Prospects (2019 Revision). N.a. = not available. Country grouping based on the UN M49 standard. 8 Asia: Around one fourth of world total land area, world total surface area of inland waterbodies and world total renewable water resources. Land and water resources Total country area Surface area of Total renewable Coastline length3 (excluding coastal waters)1 inland waterbodies2 water resources1 Country/area Share of Share of Share of Share of Billion km2 world total km2 world total km world total world total m3/year (%) (%) (%) (%) World 134 108 230 100.00 3 434 349 100.00 805 942 100.00 54 737 100.00 Asia 31 978 947 23.85 760 126 22.13 14 442 26.38 Eastern Asia 11 762 980 8.77 154 046 4.49 3 452 6.31 South-Eastern Asia 4 504 059 3.36 84 131 2.45 6 396 11.68 Southern Asia 6 880 480 5.13 131 637 3.83 3 928 7.18 Western Asia 4 829 698 3.60 106 238 3.09 439 0.80 Central Asia 4 001 730 2.98 284 073 8.27 228 0.42 Top 10 aquaculture countries in Asia, 2017 China 9 600 010 7.16 124 792 3.63 14 500 1.80 2 840 5.19 Indonesia 1 913 580 1.43 38 599 1.12 54 716 6.79 2 019 3.69 India 3 287 260 2.45 49 405 1.44 7 000 0.87 1 911 3.49 Viet Nam 331 230 0.25 7 307 0.21 3 444 0.43 884 1.62 Bangladesh 147 630 0.11 11 382 0.33 580 0.07 1 227 2.24 Republic of Korea 100 340 0.07 2 480 0.07 2 413 0.30 70 0.13 Philippines 300 000 0.22 8 013 0.23 36 289 4.50 479 0.88 Myanmar 676 590 0.50 10 044 0.29 1 930 0.24 1 168 2.13 Japan 377 970 0.28 9 073 0.26 29 751 3.69 430 0.79 Thailand 513 120 0.38 8 584 0.25 3 219 0.40 439 0.80

Data sources: 1. FAO. 2016. AQUASTAT Main Database – Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Website accessed on 16 May 2019. 2. FAOSTAT Land Cover database (updated June 2019; CCI_LC ). 3. The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), United States of America. Web accessed on 20 May 2019. Coastline length of world equal to the sum of coastline length of 265 countries/territories listed in the data source. Notes: “Total country area” for 2013-2017; “Surface area of inland water bodies” for 2015; “Coastline length” for 2019; “Total renewable water resources” for 2013-2017. 9 Top 10 countries in Asia with the highest population, 2017

4 519 Asia (population, 2017 versus Asia 4 974 1 660 2030): Eastern Asia 1 699 648 South-Eastern Asia 727 2017 2030 1 873 Population expected to increase Southern Asia 2 143 267 from 4.519 billion in 2017 to Western Asia 320 71 4.974 billion in 2030. Central Asia 84 1 421 China 1 464 1 339 Population expected to increase India 1 504 265 in all the 5 Asian sub-regions. Indonesia 299 208 Pakistan 263 Population expected to increase Bangladesh 160 Total Total population (million) 179 in most of the top 10 most 128 Japan 121 populated countries except for Philippines 105 Japan. 124 95 Viet Nam 104 81 Turkey 89 81 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 93

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects (2019 revision). Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Population Module; see Template 1 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). 10 Asia

4 974 Asia (population, 2015–2030): 4 823 Over 500 million more people in 2030 than in 2015 (0.77 percent 4 641 annual growth).

Increasing percentage of urban 4 433 population (above 50 percent in 53.95 56.65 2020). 48.83 47.96 48.86 51.08 48.91 48.98

Slightly increasing female ratio in population towards 49 percent. 2015 2020 2025 2030

Percentage of females (%) Percentage of urban population (%) Total population (million)

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects (2019 revision); United Nations World Urbanization Prospects (2018 revision). Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Population Module; see Template 1 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). 11 Food security, nutrition and health

12 Asia (1993) Asia (2013)

Other animal products Other animal products Asia (per capita protein 1.2% 1.7% intake, 1993 versus 2013): Fish & seafood Fish & seafood 6.2% 7.6% Per capita total protein (i.e. Milk & eggs 8.2% animal and vegetal) intake Milk & eggs 11.3% increased from 64 g/day in Animal products Animal Meat 1993 to 77.6 g/day in 2013. Cereals 10.1% 25.7% products Total protein 34.3% Total protein 42.8% intake (1993): intake (2013): The share of animal protein in 64 77.6 g/capita/day Cereals Meat g/capita/day Other vegetal Vegetal 55.5% 13.8% total protein increased from products Vegetal products 25.7 percent to 34.3 percent. 3.3% Vegetables & fruits products 65.7% 5.8% 74.3%

The fish share in total protein Pulses & oilcrops intake increased from 6.2 9.7% Other vegetal Vegetables & fruits products 9.6% Pulses & oilcrops percent to 7.6 percent. 4.1% 9.1%

Data source: FAOSTAT Food Balance Sheets (January 2018; www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/FBSH). Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Consumption Module (WAPI-FISHCSP); see Figure 1.5 in WAPI-FISHCSP v.2018.1 for an example 13 (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Asia (2013) World (2013) Asia (per capita protein Other animal products Other animal products intake, 2013): 1.7% 1.6% Fish & Fish & seafood seafood Per capita total (i.e. animal and 7.6% 6.5% vegetal) protein intake Milk & eggs Milk & eggs (77.6 g/day) lower than world 11.3% 13.6% average. Animal Cereals products Cereals Animal 39.1% 34.3% Total protein 42.8% products Total protein The share of animal protein intake (2013): 39.6% intake (2013): 77.6 81.2 Vegetal Meat g/capita/day Vegetal g/capita/day (34.3 percent) lower than the 13.8% products products world average. Meat 60.4% 65.7% 17.9% The fish share in total protein Pulses & intake (7.6 percent) higher than Vegetables & fruits Other vegetal Vegetables oilcrops products 9.6% Pulses & oilcrops the world average. 9.1% & fruits 8.7% 4.1% 7.4% Other vegetal products 5.1%

2.5% 1.7% 1.8%

in in

). 1.5 1.5 Fish & seafood

Fish & seafood .

7.6% ) 9.6% Fish & seafood 14.8% Milk & eggs Milk & eggs Cereals 11.3% 9.5% 33.6% Milk & eggs Animal products Cereals 5.4% Animal Animal products 34.3% 42.8% products Total protein Total protein Total protein Cereals 41.5% intake (2013): intake (2013): 36.1% intake (2013): 47.2% 96.5 77.6 67.5

g/capita/dayVegetal products Meat g/capita/day g/capita/day FISHCSP); FISHCSP); see Figure 58.5% 13.8% Vegetal products Meat Vegetal products - 14.2% 63.9% Meat 65.7% 20.0%

Pulses & oilcrops

7.2% www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/FBS Other vegetal Vegetables Other vegetal products Vegetables & fruits products Other vegetal & fruits 4.2% Vegetables & fruits 9.6% Pulses & oilcrops Pulses & oilcrops 13.4% 4.1% 9.1% products 5.5% 7.8% 3.4%

Central Asia (2013) Southern Asia (2013) Western Asia (2013) Other animal products Other animal products Other animal products Fish & seafood Fish & seafood Fish & seafood 2.0% 0.6% 1.1% www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en 0.8% 3.1% 2.4%

Milk & eggs Milk & eggs Milk & eggs 15.0% 15.5%

20.0% an example an example ( Animal products Meat 22.5% Cereals Animal products 3.9% Animal productsTotal protein 42.8% Total protein 35.2% Total protein Cereals 43.0% intake (2013): Other vegetal products intake (2013): intake (2013): 46.9% 84.9 4.4% 61.7 90.4 Cereals g/capita/day Vegetal g/capita/day Meat g/capita/day 53.8% 16.2% Vegetal products Vegetables & fruits 57.0% Vegetal products 6.1% : FAOSTAT Food Balance Sheets (January 2018; Meat products 64.8%

20.2% 77.5%

FISHCSP FISHCSP v.2018.1 for -

Pulses & oilcrops : Constructed by the WAPI FAO Fish Consumption Module (WAPI Other 13.2% Other vegetal Vegetables & fruits vegetal Vegetables &

products 6.7% Pulses & oilcrops

Note WAPI products fruits source Data 4.2% 6.9% 5.0% 8.2% Pulses & oilcrops 15 0.9% Food security and nutrition status in Asia Asia (food security and nutrition indicators, mid-2010s): Asia, 11.5 Prevalence of Eastern Asia, 8.4 South-Eastern Asia, 9.6 undernourishment (%; 2015- Southern Asia, 15.2 Western Asia, 11.7 11.5 percent of the population 2017) Central Asia, 5.6 (514.5 million people) World, 10.7 undernourished, higher than the Asia, 6.2 Prevalence of severe food Eastern Asia, 0.8 world average. South-Eastern Asia, 4.6 insecurity in the total Southern Asia, 11.3 Western Asia, 9.5 population (%, 2015-2017) Central Asia, 2.7 6.2 percent of the population (277.8 World, 8.2 million people) in severe food Asia, 27.3 Percentage of children under Eastern Asia, 7.9 insecurity. South-Eastern Asia, 29.1 5 years of age who are Southern Asia, 38.1 Western Asia, 17.5 stunted (%; 2012) Central Asia, 15.2 27.3 percent of children stunted, World, 25.0 higher than the world average. Asia, 7.3 Prevalence of obesity in the Eastern Asia, 6.4 South-Eastern Asia, 6.7 adult population (18 years Southern Asia, 5.2 7.3 percent of adults obese. Western Asia, 28.6 and older; %; 2016) Central Asia, 16.8 World, 13.2 36.6 percent of reproductive-age Prevalence of anaemia Asia, 36.6 women anaemic, higher than the Eastern Asia, 26.1 among women of South-Eastern Asia, 28.3 world average. Southern Asia, 48.7 reproductive age (15-49 Western Asia, 36.1 Central Asia, 33.8 years; %; 2016) World, 32.8

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Data source: FAOSTAT - Suite of Food Security Indicators (updated on 11 October, 2019); http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/FS. Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Food Security Module; see Template 2 in the WAPI Prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). 16 Life expectancy in Asia

Asia (life expectancy, 2017): Asia, 72.7 Life Eastern Asia, 77.2 expectancy at South-Eastern Asia, 71.2 72.7 years of life expectancy at Southern Asia, 69.3 birth, total Western Asia, 73.6 birth for total population, slightly (years, 2017) Central Asia, 71.5 higher than the world average. World, 72.2

74.7 years of life expectancy at Asia, 74.7 Life Eastern Asia, 79.0 birth for female population, expectancy at South-Eastern Asia, 74.2 Southern Asia, 70.9 slightly higher than the world birth, female Western Asia, 76.2 average. (years, 2017) Central Asia, 74.8 World, 74.4

70.9 years of life expectancy at Asia, 70.9 birth for male population, Life Eastern Asia, 75.5 expectancy at South-Eastern Asia, 68.4 slightly higher than the world Southern Asia, 67.8 birth, male Western Asia, 71.3 average. (years, 2017) Central Asia, 68.2 World, 70.1

Data source: Country-level data from the World Bank World Development Indicators (WDI), downloaded on 8 May 2019; United Nations World Population Prospects (2019 revision) used to calculate life expectancy at the regional level. Country grouping based on the UN M49 Standard. Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Human Health Module (including calculation of life expectancy at the regional/global level); see Template 3 in the WAPI prototype for examples 17 (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Contribution of fish to food and nutrition

18 Asia (2013) World (2013) Miscellaneous aquatic animals 0.1% Shellfish 3.5% Bovine meat Bovine meat Asia (per capita animal 6.3% 11.0% protein intake, 2013): Finfish Pigmeat 13.7% 17.8% Finfish Fish & seafood Pigmeat Per capita animal protein intake 18.4% Fish & seafood 16.3% 14.5% (26.6 g/day) lower than the 22.1% Animal Meat Animal protein 40.2% protein intake Meat Mutton & Eggs world average. intake (2013): (2013): 45.3% goat meat 8.7% 26.6 32.1 Mutton & 2.8% g/capita/day g/capita/day goat meat 2.2% Fish contribution to animal Milk & eggs protein intake (22.1 percent) Eggs Milk & eggs Poultry meat 34.3% 11.0% 12.3% 32.9% Poultry meat higher than the world average. 16.1% Milk Milk 25.6% 21.9% Other meat 1.1% Other meat 1.5%

Miscellaneous Asia (2013) South-Eastern Asia (2013) 1.5 1.5 Miscellaneous aquatic animals Miscellaneous aquatic animals 0.1% aquatic animals . 0.2% ) Shellfish 0.1% Bovine meat Bovine meat Bovine meat 3.5% 5.4% 6.3% Shellfish 6.1% Shellfish 3.8% 5.0% Pigmeat Pigmeat 15.5% 17.8% Finfish Pigmeat 18.4% Finfish Fish & 27.2% Fish & seafood Mutton & 18.0%

seafood 22.1% Meat Meat goat meat FISHCSP); FISHCSP); see Figure 23.2% Animal protein Meat Animal protein 40.2% Animal protein 39.2% 0.7% - intake (2013): intake (2013): Mutton & Fish & seafood intake (2013): 40.1 48.1% 26.6 24.4 goat meat Finfish 41.0% g/capita/day g/capita/day g/capita/day 2.8% 37.1% Poultry meat Milk & eggs Eggs 16.7% Milk & eggs Poultry meat www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/FBS 11.0% Milk & eggs 22.7% 32.9% 12.3% Eggs 14.8% Mutton & goat 14.3% meat Poultry meat 2.6% 11.5% Milk Milk Milk Other meat Eggs 7.1% Other meat 8.5% 21.9% 1.1% 7.7% 0.2% Other meat 1.4%

Central Asia (2013) Southern Asia (2013) Western Asia (2013) www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en Finfish Shellfish Pigmeat Mutton & Shellfish 1.8% 0.6% 0.4% goat meat 0.5% Bovine meat 3.1% Pigmeat 5.3% Finfish Bovine meat Eggs Finfish 6.3% 12.1% 0.5% 4.6% 13.0% Bovine meat Poultry meat Other meat Eggs an example ( 24.9% 8.0% Fish & 0.5% 7.0% Fish & Mutton & Fish & Meat goat meat seafood seafood seafood 5.7% 1.8% Eggs 17.3% 6.8% 5.9% 13.7%

Animal protein Meat Animal protein Animal protein Meat intake (2013): intake (2013): intake (2013): 47.0% Pigmeat 46.1% Milk & eggs 36.5 13.9 31.9 g/capita/day 2.7% g/capita/day Milk & eggs g/capita/day 46.6% : FAOSTAT Food Balance Sheets (January 2018; Mutton & 44.0% Poultry meat Milk goat meat

42.0% Milk & eggs 27.3% FISHCSP v.2018.1 for

8.0% - 66.6% Milk : Constructed by the WAPI FAO Fish Consumption Module (WAPI 37.0% Poultry meat

5.9%

Note WAPI Other source Data meat Milk 5.4% 60.7% 20 Other meat 0.5% Asia (fish contribution to animal protein, 2013): Per capita animal protein intake (26.6 g/day) was lower than world average; fish share in animal protein (22.1 percent) was higher than world average. The situations of the 5 subregions and the top 10 fish farming countries/territories in Asia varied.

Contribution of fish to animal protein 80 Per capita protein intake in 2013 Fish share African countries Country/area (g/capita/day) Countries in the Americas (%) 70 Fish products Animal products Asian countries World 5.2 32.1 16.3 European countries 60 Asia 5.9 26.6 22.1 Oceania countries

(%) Bubble size: population Eastern Asia 9.3 40.1 23.2 Coordinate origin: world average 50 South-eastern Asia 10.0 24.4 41.0 South- Southern Asia 1.9 13.9 13.7 eastern Asia Western Asia 2.2 31.9 6.8 40 Central Asia 0.7 36.5 1.8 Top 10 fish farming countries in Asia 30 Asia Eastern Asia China 8.4 39.3 21.4 Indonesia 9.3 17.7 52.7 20

India 1.5 12.0 12.7 Fish Fish share animal in protein intake Viet Nam 8.5 31.0 27.4 10 Bangladesh 5.4 9.9 54.1 Republic of Korea 15.8 46.1 34.2 0 Philippines 9.3 24.9 37.5 Southern Western Central Asia Asia Asia Myanmar 14.3 33.7 42.4 -10 Japan 17.5 48.5 36.1 0 20 40 60 80 100 Thailand 8.5 24.9 34.2 Animal protein intake in 2013 (g/capita/day)

Data source: FAOSTAT Food Balance Sheets (January 2018; www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/FBS). Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Consumption Module (WAPI-FISHCSP); see Figure 2.5a in WAPI-FISHCSP v.2018.1 for an example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). 21 Asia (1993) Asia (2013)

Miscellaneous aquatic animals 0.1% Others Others Bovine meat Bovine meat Asia (per capita animal Shellfish 4.7% Shellfish 4.9% 6.3% protein intake,1993 versus 3.8% 7.2% 3.5%

2013): Pigmeat Pigmeat 17.8% Finfish Finfish 18.8% 18.4% Per capita animal protein intake 20.3% Fish & seafood Fish & seafood increased from 16.4 g/day to 24.0% Animal Meat 22.1% Animal Meat protein intake 39.3% protein 40.2% Mutton & (2013): intake (2013): 26.6 g/day. goat meat 16.4 26.6 2.8% g/capita/day Mutton & g/capita/day goat meat Fish share in animal protein 3.3% Eggs Milk & eggs Milk & eggs Poultry meat intake declined from 24 percent Eggs Poultry meat 11.0% 31.9% 32.9% 12.3% to 22.1 percent. 10.5% 9.1%

Milk Other meat Milk Other meat 21.4% 0.9% 21.9% 1.1%

Asia (2013): Food balance 140 000 000 sheet for fish & seafood 120 000 000 149 582 9 287 529 14 915 057 19 420 608 113 415 816 tonnes domestic fish 100 000 000 production – 9 287 529 tonnes for non- 80 000 000 food use (8.2 percent of the production) = 60 000 000 104 128 287 tonnes domestic food fish TONNES 113 415 816 99 772 312 production ( 91.8 percent of the 40 000 000 production). 20 000 000 104 128 287 tonnes domestic food fish production (87.4 percent of food fish 0 Domestic Domestic Food fish import Inventory Food fish export Domestic supply) + 14 915 057 tonnes food fish production production for depletion consumption import (12.5 percent of food fish supply) non-food uses + 149 582 tonnes inventory depletion (0.1 percent of food fish supply) = 119 192 920 tonnes food fish supply Non- Export available for utilization food Import 16.3% uses 12.5% 8.2% 119 192 920 tonnes food fish utilization Consum Food fish ption Domestic production = 19 420 608 tonnes food fish export 91.8% 83.7% (16.3 percent of food fish utilization) + 87.4% 99 772 312 tonnes (food) fish consumption (83.7 percent of food fish utilization). Domestic production (2013): Food fish supply (2013): Food fish utilization (2013): 113 415 816 tonnes 119 192 920 tonnes 119 192 920 tonnes

Data source: FAO Food Balance Sheets (FBS) of fish and fishery products, 1961–2013, published through FishStatJ (November 2017; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Consumption Module (WAPI-FISHCSP); see Figure 5.1 in WAPI-FISHCSP v.2018.1 for an example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Fish & seafood includes finfish, crustaceans, molluscs and miscellaneous aquatic animals, but NOT aquatic plants, miscellaneous aquatic animal products or whales, seals and other aquatic mammals. The FBS production data here may not be consistent with more updated production data in FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture 23 Production Statistics. Numbers may not add up exactly due to rounding. Fish & seafood supply and utilization in Asia (1993–2013)

Asia (1993–2013): Food balance sheet for fish & seafood 104 277 869 4 505 551 Food fish supply from domestic sources increased from 45 099 152 tonnes in 1993 to 104 277 869 tonnes in 2013.

Domestic fish consumption increased from 46 123 240 tonnes to 99 772 312 tonnes. 45 099 152 99 772 312 The 104 277 869 tonnes food fish supply from domestic sources in 2013 = 99 772 312 tonnes domestic fish consumption + 4 505 551 tonnes net 46 123 240 food fish export. 23.1 14.3 The 3.93 percent annual growth rate in total fish consumption was higher than 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 the 1.25 percent population growth during the period, resulting in an Net export (export minus import) of food fish (live weight; tonne) increase in per capita fish consumption from 14.3 kg to 23.1 kg. Total fish consumption (live weight; tonne) Per capita fish consumption (live weight; kg) Food fish supply from domestic sources (production plus stock depletion minus non-food uses) (live weight; tonne)

Data source: FAO Food Balance Sheets of fish and fishery products, 1961–2013, published through FishStatJ (November 2017; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Consumption Module (WAPI-FISHCSP); see Figure 5.2 in WAPI-FISHCSP v.2018.1 for an example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Numbers may not 24 add up exactly due to rounding. Domestic fish market (fish consumption)

25 Asia

120

99.8 96.7 100 91.2 Asia (total fish consumption, 89.1 86.3 83.0 1993–2013): 79.6 76.4 74.1 80 71.9 69.5 The increase in total fish 66.1 67.9 63.0 65.0 consumption from 46.1 million 58.7 59.5 60.3 56.0 tonnes in 1993 to 99.8 million 60 51.1 tonnes in 2013 was driven by 46.1 both population growth (from 3.4 billion to 4.3 billion) and the 40 increase in per capita fish 22.6 23.1 20.4 20.9 21.4 21.6 17.9 18.0 18.2 18.4 18.6 18.9 19.3 19.8 consumption (from 14.3 kg to 15.6 16.5 17.1 17.1 17.2 17.5 23.1 kg). 20 14.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.3 0 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Population (billion) Total fish consumption (million tonnes) Per capita fish consumption (kg)

Data sources: FAO Food Balance Sheets (FBS) of fish and fishery products, 1961–2013, published through FishStatJ (November 2017; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). United Nations World Population Prospects (2019 revision; https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Download/Standard/Population). Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Consumption Module (WAPI-FISHCSP) (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Per capita consumption equal to total consumption (from 26 FAO FBS) divided by population (from United Nations World Population Prospect). Asia (per capita fish consumption, 1993 versus 2013) : Per capita fish consumption increased from 14.3 kg to 23.1 kg between 1993 and 2013; the 2.4 percent annual growth rate higher than the world average. Status and trend of per capita fish consumption Per capita fish consumption Per capita fish consumption in top 10 most populated Annual Country/area (kg/year) countries/territories in Asia (kg/year) growth (%) 1993 2013 World 14.3 19.9 1.7 World 14.3 19.9 Asia 14.3 23.1 2.4 Asia 14.3 23.1 Eastern Asia 20.7 38.6 3.2 Eastern Asia 20.7 38.6 23.3 South-eastern Asia 23.3 35.5 2.1 South-eastern Asia 35.5 4.6 Southern Asia 4.6 7.2 2.3 Southern Asia 7.2 Western Asia 7.8 1993 2013 Western Asia 7.8 8.0 0.1 8.0 Central Asia 2.0 Central Asia 2.0 2.1 0.5 2.1 China 14.3 Top 10 fish farming countries in Asia 37.7 India 4.1 5.9 China 14.3 37.7 5.0 Indonesia 16.3 31.6 Indonesia 16.3 31.6 3.4 Pakistan 2.8 India 4.1 5.9 1.9 1.8 Bangladesh 8.8 21.8 Viet Nam 11.9 35.1 5.6 Japan 48.4 67.3 Bangladesh 8.8 21.8 4.7 Philippines 32.52 30.06

Republic of Korea 50.7 52.3 0.2 Viet Nam 11.9 35.1

Philippines 32.52 30.06 -0.4 Turkey 8.0 6.0

Myanmar 14.9 62.4 7.4 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 5.2 10.1 Japan 67.3 48.4 -1.6 0 20 40 60 80 Thailand 27.8 26.5 -0.2 Data sources: FAO Food Balance Sheets (FBS) of fish and fishery products, 1961–2013, published through FishStatJ (November 2017; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). United Nations World Population Prospects (2019 revision) (https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Download/Standard/Population). Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Consumption Module (WAPI-FISHCSP); see Figure 3.3 in WAPI-FISHCSP v.2018.1 for an example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Per capita 27 fish consumption equal to total consumption (from FAO FBS) divided by population (from United Nations Population Prospect 2019). Asia (1993) Asia (2013)

Asia (per capita fish Cephalopods, Cephalopods, 0.55 , 3.8% 0.61 , 2.7% consumption,1993 versus 2013): Shell molluscs, Shell molluscs, 3.54 , 15.5% Per capita fish consumption 2.06 , 14.5% increased from 14.3 kg to 23.1 kg. Shellfish, Shellfish, 3.71 , 26% 6.29 , 28% Crustaceans, Crustaceans, Per capita fish Per capita fish The share of marine fishes in 1.10 , 7.8% 2.14 , 9.4% consumption consumption fish consumption declined from (1993): 14.3 (2013): 23.1 46.1 percent to 28.9 percent. kg/capita/year kg/capita/year Finfish, Finfish, 10.48 , 74% The share of freshwater & 16.53 , 72% diadromous fishes increased from 27.8 percent to 43.5 Marine fishes, percent. Marine fishes, 6.60 , 28.9% 6.54 , 46.1%

Data sources: FAO Food Balance Sheets (FBS) of fish and fishery products, 1961–2013, published through FishStatJ (November 2017; United Nations World Population Prospects (2019 revision). Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Consumption Module (WAPI-FISHCSP); see Figure 3.3 in WAPI-FISHCSP v.2018.1 for an example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Per capita fish consumption equal to total consumption (from FAO FBS) divided by population (from United Nations Population Prospect 2019). 28 Asia (2013) World (2013)

Cephalopods, Cephalopods, Asia versus world (per capita fish 0.61 , 2.7% 0.52 , 2.7% consumption, 2013):

Shell molluscs, Shell molluscs, The 23.1 kg per capita fish 2.57 , 13.1% consumption higher than the world 3.54 , 15.5% average. Shellfish, Shellfish, Crustaceans, 4.95 , 25% The 28 percent shellfish share in 6.29 , 28% 1.85 , 9.4% fish consumption greater than the Crustaceans, Per capita fish Per capita fish 2.14 , 9.4% consumption consumption world average. (2013): 23.1 (2013): 19.87 kg/capita/year kg/capita/year The 28.9 percent share of marine Finfish, Finfish, fishes lower than the world average. 16.53 , 72% 14.72 , 75% The 43.5 percent share of freshwater & diadromous fishes Marine fishes, Marine fishes, higher than the world average. 6.60 , 28.9% 7.22 , 36.7%

Data sources: FAO Food Balance Sheets (FBS) of fish and fishery products, 1961–2013, published through FishStatJ (November 2017; United Nations World Population Prospects (2019 revision). Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Consumption Module (WAPI-FISHCSP); see Figure 3.3 in WAPI-FISHCSP v.2018.1 for an example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Per capita fish 29 consumption equal to total consumption (from FAO FBS) divided by population (from United Nations Population Prospect 2019). Fish trade

30 Asia versus Developing Regions (2005–2017): Fish trade patterns

Asia (aquatic products) Developing regions (aquatic products)

25 000 000 4.5 25 000 000 4.5 4.0 4.0 20 000 000 3.5 20 000 000 3.5 3.0 3.0 15 000 000 15 000 000

2.5 2.5 tonne

tonne 2.0 2.0 USD/kg 10 000 000 USD/kg 10 000 000 1.5 1.5 5 000 000 1.0 5 000 000 1.0 0.5 0.5 0 - 0 - 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Export quantity (product weight; tonnes) Export quantity (product weight; tonnes) Import quantity (product weight; tonnes) Import quantity (product weight; tonnes) Export price (USD/kg; FOB) Export price (USD/kg; FOB) Import price (USD/kg; CIF) Import price (USD/kg; CIF)

Asia: Exports of aquatic products Asia: Imports of aquatic products

70 000 000 4.5 60 000 000 4.5 4.0 4.0 60 000 000 50 000 000 3.5 3.5 50 000 000 3.0 40 000 000 3.0 40 000 000 2.5 2.5 30 000 000 2.0

2.0 USD/kg

30 000 000 USD/kg

1.5 20 000 000 1.5 tonne USD or 1000

tonne USD or 1000 20 000 000 1.0 1.0 10 000 000 10 000 000 0.5 0.5 0 - 0 - 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Export quantity (product weight; tonnes) Import quantity (product weight; tonnes) Export value (USD 1 000; FOB) Import value (USD 1 000; CIF) Export price (USD/kg; FOB) Import price (USD/kg; CIF)

Eastern Asia: Exports of aquatic products Eastern Asia: Imports of aquatic products

40 000 000 5.0 40 000 000 5.0

35 000 000 4.5 35 000 000 4.5 4.0 4.0 30 000 000 30 000 000 3.5 3.5 25 000 000 25 000 000 3.0 3.0

20 000 000 2.5 20 000 000 2.5 USD/kg USD/kg 2.0 15 000 000 2.0 15 000 000 1.5

1.5 tonne USD or 1000 tonne USD or 1000 10 000 000 10 000 000 1.0 1.0 5 000 000 5 000 000 0.5 0.5 0 - 0 - 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Export quantity (product weight; tonnes) Import quantity (product weight; tonnes) Export value (USD 1 000; FOB) Import value (USD 1 000; CIF) Export price (USD/kg; FOB) Import price (USD/kg; CIF)

South-eastern Asia: Exports of aquatic South-eastern Asia: Imports of aquatic products products 25 000 000 4.5 25 000 000 4.5 4.0 4.0 20 000 000 3.5 20 000 000 3.5 3.0 3.0 15 000 000 15 000 000 2.5 2.5 2.0

2.0 USD/kg 10 000 000 USD/kg 10 000 000

1.5 1.5 tonne USD or 1000 tonne USD or 1000 1.0 5 000 000 1.0 5 000 000 0.5 0.5 0 - 0 - 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Export quantity (product weight; tonnes) Import quantity (product weight; tonnes) Export value (USD 1 000; FOB) Import value (USD 1 000; CIF) Export price (USD/kg; FOB) Import price (USD/kg; CIF)

Southern Asia: Exports of aquatic products Southern Asia: Imports of aquatic products

10 000 000 6.0 1 000 000 6.0 9 000 000 900 000 5.0 5.0 8 000 000 800 000 7 000 000 700 000 4.0 4.0 6 000 000 600 000

5 000 000 3.0 500 000 3.0 USD/kg 4 000 000 USD/kg 400 000 2.0 2.0 300 000

3 000 000 tonne USD or 1000 tonne USD or 1000 2 000 000 200 000 1.0 1.0 1 000 000 100 000 0 - 0 - 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Export quantity (product weight; tonnes) Import quantity (product weight; tonnes) Export value (USD 1 000; FOB) Import value (USD 1 000; CIF) Export price (USD/kg; FOB) Import price (USD/kg; CIF)

Western Asia: Exports of aquatic products Western Asia: Imports of aquatic products

4 000 000 4.0 4 000 000 4.0

3 500 000 3.5 3 500 000 3.5

3 000 000 3.0 3 000 000 3.0

2 500 000 2.5 2 500 000 2.5

2 000 000 2.0 2 000 000 2.0

USD/kg USD/kg

1 500 000 1.5 1 500 000 1.5 tonne USD or 1000 tonne USD 1000 or 1 000 000 1.0 1 000 000 1.0

500 000 0.5 500 000 0.5

0 - 0 - 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Export quantity (product weight; tonnes) Import quantity (product weight; tonnes) Export value (USD 1 000; FOB) Import value (USD 1 000; CIF) Export price (USD/kg; FOB) Import price (USD/kg; CIF)

Central Asia: Exports of aquatic products Central Asia: Imports of aquatic products

140 000 4.5 140 000 4.5 4.0 4.0 120 000 120 000 3.5 3.5 100 000 100 000 3.0 3.0 80 000 2.5 80 000 2.5 2.0

2.0 60 000 USD/kg 60 000 USD/kg 1.5 1.5

tonne USD or 1000 40 000 tonne USD or 1000 40 000 1.0 1.0 20 000 20 000 0.5 0.5 0 - 0 - 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Export quantity (product weight; tonnes) Import quantity (product weight; tonnes) Export value (USD 1 000; FOB) Import value (USD 1 000; CIF) Export price (USD/kg; FOB) Import price (USD/kg; CIF)

Asia (aquatic products trade balance) Developing regions (aquatic products trade balance) 70 000 000 60 000 000 10 173 469 90 000 000 40 851 401 80 000 000 50 000 000 70 000 000 40 000 000 60 000 000 30 000 000 50 000 000

USD USD 1000 20 000 000 40 000 000 USD USD 1000 30 000 000 10 000 000 20 000 000 0 10 000 000 - 10 000 000 0 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Export value (USD 1 000; FOB) Export value (USD 1 000; FOB) Import value (USD 1 000; CIF) Import value (USD 1 000; CIF) Trade balance (USD 1 000) Trade balance (USD 1 000)

Eastern Asia (aquatic products trade South-eastern Asia (aquatic products trade balance) balance) 40 000 000 25 000 000 30 000 000 13 128 712 20 000 000 20 000 000

15 000 000 10 000 000

USD USD 1000 10 000 000 0 USD 1000

- 10 000 000 5 000 000 - 9 270 946 - 20 000 000 0 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Export value (USD 1 000; FOB) Export value (USD 1 000; FOB) Import value (USD 1 000; CIF) Import value (USD 1 000; CIF) Trade balance (USD 1 000) Trade balance (USD 1 000)

Southern Asia (aquatic products trade South-eastern Asia (aquatic products trade balance) balance) 25 000 000 25 000 000 20 000 000 13 128 712 20 000 000 15 000 000 15 000 000

USD USD 1000 10 000 000 8 308 037

10 000 000 USD USD 1000

5 000 000 5 000 000

0 0 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Export value (USD 1 000; FOB) Export value (USD 1 000; FOB) Import value (USD 1 000; CIF) Import value (USD 1 000; CIF) Trade balance (USD 1 000) Trade balance (USD 1 000)

Central Asia (aquatic products trade Western Asia (aquatic products trade balance) balance) 150 000 4 000 000 100 000 3 000 000

2 000 000 50 000 1 000 000

USD USD 1000 0 0 USD USD 1000 - 1 000 000 - 50 000 - 2 000 000 - 37 846 - 1 954 488 - 100 000 - 3 000 000 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Export value (USD 1 000; FOB) Export value (USD 1 000; FOB) Import value (USD 1 000; CIF) Import value (USD 1 000; CIF) Trade balance (USD 1 000) Trade balance (USD 1 000)

Asia: fish share in total export value Asia: fish share in total import value

0.88 0.77 0.78 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.70 0.75 0.65 0.72 0.69 0.69 0.65 60 027 239 0.60 54 392 743 50 505 390 51 674 396 49 853 770 43 498 099 43 394 344 42 616 415 34 280 002 31 407 940 29 649 869 31 263 576 26 465 865 28 068 825

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

aquatic products export value (USD 1 000) aquatic products import value (USD 1 000) Share of aquatic product in export value of all commodities (%) Share of aquatic product in import value of all commodities (%)

Data source: Data on export or import value from FAO. 2019. Fishery and Aquaculture Statistics. Global fisheries commodities production and trade 1976–2017 (FishStatJ) (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en/). Fish share in total export or import calculated from UN Comtrade data (https://comtrade.un.org/data; accessed on 27 September 2019). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Trade Module; see Templates 45-47 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). 42 Eastern Asia (2005–2017): Contribution of fish to international commodity trade

Eastern Asia: fish share in total export value Eastern Asia: fish share in total import value

0.61 0.62 0.62 1.22 0.58 0.55 0.56 1.02 0.47 0.94 0.95 0.90 0.86 27 647 202 0.78 25 903 158 25 414 404 23 777 530 36 918 148 34 293 665 32 877 462 32 037 171

15 265 359 24 882 024 14 097 137 23 692 600 24 142 947 11 963 472

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Data source: Data on export or import value from FAO. 2019. Fishery and Aquaculture Statistics. Global fisheries commodities production and trade 1976–2017 (FishStatJ) (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en/). Fish share in total export or import calculated from UN Comtrade data (https://comtrade.un.org/data; accessed on 27 September 2019). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Trade Module; see Templates 45-47 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). 43 South-eastern Asia (2005–2017): Contribution of fish to international commodity trade

South-eastern Asia: fish share in total export value South-eastern Asia: fish share in total import value

1.78 0.61 0.59 1.62 1.61 1.64 0.56 1.54 1.58 0.55 0.54 1.48 0.50 0.49

21 723 764 20 441 527 21 038 611 8 595 052 18 686 746 7 033 811 6 714 841 14 989 994 6 338 530 13 707 761 11 045 663 4 439 710 3 868 202 3 284 146

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Data source: Data on export or import value from FAO. 2019. Fishery and Aquaculture Statistics. Global fisheries commodities production and trade 1976–2017 (FishStatJ) (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en/). Fish share in total export or import calculated from UN Comtrade data (https://comtrade.un.org/data; accessed on 27 September 2019). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Trade Module; see Templates 45-47 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). 44 Southern Asia (2005–2017): Contribution of fish to international commodity trade

Southern Asia: fish share in total export value Southern Asia: fish share in total import value

1.95 0.10 1.82 0.09 1.58 0.08 0.07 1.39 0.06 0.07 0.07 1.28 1.14 8 977 781 0.98 642 160 669 744

6 152 767 6 213 562 451 245 5 052 663 415 733 272 534 2 817 766 3 080 278 2 627 466 174 524 209 532

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Data source: Data on export or import value from FAO. 2019. Fishery and Aquaculture Statistics. Global fisheries commodities production and trade 1976–2017 (FishStatJ) (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en/). Fish share in total export or import calculated from UN Comtrade data (https://comtrade.un.org/data; accessed on 27 September 2019). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Trade Module; see Templates 45-47 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). 45 Western Asia (2005–2017): Contribution of fish to international commodity trade

Western Asia: fish share in total export value Western Asia: fish share in total import value

0.18 0.37 0.33

0.28 0.13 0.14 0.26 0.27 0.12 3 570 040 0.11 0.22 0.23 3 118 532 0.09 0.09 2 903 749 1 615 552 2 336 789 1 216 881 1 303 721 1 149 300 1 589 651 854 166 1 362 920 774 889 700 304 886 933

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Data source: Data on export or import value from FAO. 2019. Fishery and Aquaculture Statistics. Global fisheries commodities production and trade 1976–2017 (FishStatJ) (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en/). Fish share in total export or import calculated from UN Comtrade data (https://comtrade.un.org/data; accessed on 27 September 2019). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Trade Module; see Templates 45-47 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). 46 Central Asia (2005–2017): Contribution of fish to international commodity trade

Central Asia: fish share in total export value Central Asia: fish share in total import value

0.20 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.19 0.21 0.17 0.20 0.18

0.12 0.15 0.11 128 077 0.09 0.09 113 382 103 711 100 786 79 657 84 972 90 205 84 370 81 326 66 268 54 375 55 963 62 940 30 622

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

48 Asia (2000–2017): Status and trend of aquatic products export volume

Status and trend of aquatic products export volume Aquatic products export quantity (tonnes) Country/area Annual growth (%) 2000 2017 World 26 135 487 40 138 349 2.6 Asia 6 475 624 14 049 275 4.7 Eastern Asia 3 095 233 6 315 973 4.3 South-eastern Asia 2 538 657 5 400 515 4.5 Southern Asia 685 159 1 877 665 6.1 Western Asia 135 282 428 182 7.0 Central Asia 21 293 26 940 1.4 Top 10 largest exporters of aquatic products (by tonnage) in Asia, 2017 China 1 515 493 4 274 503 6.3 Viet Nam 302 970 1 823 542 11.1 India 502 593 1 409 386 6.3 Thailand 1 162 099 1 355 781 0.9 Indonesia 489 910 1 060 279 4.6 Taiwan Province of China 697 851 716 259 0.2 Japan 221 868 594 752 6.0 Myanmar 116 609 527 364 9.3 Republic of Korea 533 289 477 594 -0.6 Philippines 215 531 321 989 2.4

Status and trend of aquatic products export value Aquatic products exports value (USD 000) Country/area Annual growth (%) 2000 2017 World 55 833 945 158 102 263 6.3 Asia 19 193 820 60 027 239 6.9 Eastern Asia 7 980 791 27 647 202 7.6 South-eastern Asia 8 809 421 21 723 764 5.5 Southern Asia 2 137 341 8 977 781 8.8 Western Asia 251 945 1 615 552 11.6 Central Asia 14 322 62 940 9.1 Top 10 largest exporters of aquatic products (by value) in Asia, 2017 China 3 706 339 20 701 805 10.6 Viet Nam 1 484 316 8 586 492 10.9 India 1 417 853 7 183 336 10.0 Thailand 4 384 437 6 041 469 1.9 Indonesia 1 608 609 4 383 228 6.1 Japan 832 088 2 112 314 5.6 Republic of Korea 1 491 441 2 006 989 1.8 Taiwan Province of China 1 762 576 1 870 699 0.4 Philippines 455 984 883 537 4.0 Turkey 92 363 862 127 14.0

Data source: FAO. 2019. Fishery and Aquaculture Statistics. Global fisheries commodities production and trade 1976–2017 (FishStatJ) (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Trade Module; see Templates 45-47 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Includes all aquatic commodities recorded in the data source. 50 Asia (2000) Asia (2017) Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Aquatic aquatic animal aquatic animal Aquatic plants products products plants Miscellaneous 1.5% Others 0.2% 1.1% 0.1% Others aquatic animals 2.2% Miscellaneous Asia (fish export, 2000 versus 0.6% aquatic animals 2.3% 1.0% 2017): Molluscs 12.6% Molluscs 15.9% Aquatic commodities export increased from USD 19 billion Marine Marine Aquatic fishes Aquatic in 2000 to USD 60 billion in 40.7% fishes products Finfish products 38.9% 2017. export value: export value: Finfish 47.0% Shellfish Shellfish 49.8% 19 193 820 47.9% 60 027 239 50.8% The share of freshwater fishes thousand USD thousand USD in the aquatic commodities Crustaceans Crustaceans export increased from 0.5 38.2% 32.0% percent to 6.8 percent. Freshwater fishes 6.8% Freshwater fishes 0.5% Diadromous fishes Diadromous 5.7% fishes 4.2%

Data source: FAO. 2019. Fishery and Aquaculture Statistics. Global fisheries commodities production and trade 1976–2017 (FishStatJ) (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Trade Module; see Templates 45-47 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Includes all 51 aquatic commodities recorded in the data source. Species groups less than 0.1 percent of the total value not labelled in the charts. Asia (2017) World (2017) Asia versus world (fish Miscellaneous Miscellaneous export, 2017): aquatic animal Aquatic aquatic animal Aquatic plants products plants products 0.7% Miscellaneous 0.2% 1.1% 0.1% Others Miscellaneous Others aquatic animals aquatic animals 2.3% 0.6% 1.5% Asia’s USD 60 billion of total 1.0% export of aquatic products in Molluscs Molluscs 10.8% 2017 was around 40 percent of 15.9% the world total. Marine fishes Shellfish Marine Aquatic The share of crustaceans (32 Aquatic 38.9% Crustaceans 34.7% fishes products 23.9% products 41.8% percent) higher than the world Finfish export value: Shellfish export value: 49.8% 158 102 263 average. 47.9% 60 027 239 thousand USD thousand USD Finfish 63.8% The share of molluscs (15.9 Crustaceans percent) higher than the world 32.0% average. Freshwater fishes Diadromous fishes The share of freshwater fishes 6.8% 18.6% Freshwater (6.8 percent) higher than the Diadromous fishes world average. fishes 3.4% 4.2%

Data source: FAO. 2019. Fishery and Aquaculture Statistics. Global fisheries commodities production and trade 1976–2017 (FishStatJ) (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Trade Module; see templates 45-47 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Includes all 52 aquatic commodities recorded in the data source. Species groups less than 0.1 percent of the total value not labelled in the charts. Eastern Asia (2017) Asia (2017) South-eastern Asia (2017) Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous aquatic animal aquatic animal LACaquatic animalsub -regions (2017): The species compositionAquatic of aquaticplants commodities export variedAquatic across plants the Aquatic plants products products products 1.1% 0.9% 1.6% Miscellaneous 0.2% Miscellaneous 0.1% Others three0.2% LAC sub-regions.Others Miscellaneous aquatic animals Others aquatic animals 1.4% 3.7% aquatic animals 1.0% 2.3% 0.4% Molluscs 1.8% Molluscs 8.5% 15.9% Molluscs 24.4% Marine fishes Marine Marine 36.0% Aquatic fishes Aquatic fishes Aquatic Shellfish products export products export products export 44.9% Finfish 38.9% Finfish 39.2% value: Shellfish value: Shellfish value: 27 647 202 48.9% Finfish 47.9% 60 027 239 49.8% 49.7% 21 723 764

thousand USD 57.1% thousand USD thousand USD

47 47 the in prototypeexamples WAPIfor

commodities productionand trade - Crustaceans Crustaceans ). Crustaceans 41.2% 45 32.0% s 14.9%

Freshwater Freshwater fishes fisheries fishes 10.8%

6.8% Template Diadromous fishes Freshwater fishes Diadromous fishes Diadromous fishes 6.3% 5.8% 4.2% 2.1% see Central Asia (2017)

Southern Asia (2017) Western Asia (2017) Includesall aquatic commodities recorded the in data source. Diadromous Crustaceans Molluscs Miscellaneous Aquatic plants Miscellaneous Miscellaneous aquatic ). fishes 0.2% 2.5% aquatic animals 0.1% aquatic animals animal products

Freshwater 1.7% Shellfish 0.1% Others 1.7% 0.3% Aquatic plants Trade Module; fishes 2.7% Molluscs 0.2% Molluscs 0.2% 2.6% 9.5% 5.3% Marine fishes Others 23.1% 2.2% Finfish Crustaceans Freshwater 22.5% Shellfish 25.6% fishes Aquatic Aquatic 27.8% Aquatic 0.8% Fisheryand Aquaculture GlobalStatistics.

products export products export products export www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en value: value: value: 62 940 8 977 781 Diadromous 1 615 552 thousand USD thousand USD fishes thousand USD 2019. 1.7% Finfish Marine fishes Shellfish

70.0% 59.7%

FishStatJ) ( FishStatJ) : FAO. : Finfish 74.2% Diadromous (

97.3% fishes

Constructed Constructed by Fish the WAPI FAO 2017 2017 8.4% : Crustaceans –

Marine fishes 64.7%

www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en

1976 Notes ( than less 0.1 groupsSpeciespercentof the total value not labelled the in charts. 93.1% Freshwater source Data 53 fishes 1.9% Asia (2017): Major species groups in aquatic products export

Asia’s aquatic products export in 2017 Top 10 export species groups in terms of quantity Top 10 export species groups in terms of value

Share of Share of world Share of Asia's world Share of Asia's total Product weight export of FOB value total export of all export of ISSCAAP groups export of all aquatic ISSCAAP groups (tonnes) the same (USD 1 000) aquatic the same commodities (%) species commodities (%) species group (%) group (%)

1. Marine fishes not identified 2 927 720 20.84 33.26 1. Shrimps, prawns 16 312 669 27.18 59.71 2. Tunas, bonitos, billfishes 1 995 628 14.20 53.15 2. Marine fishes not identified 8 800 635 14.66 44.22 3. Shrimps, prawns 1 837 219 13.08 57.00 3. Tunas, bonitos, billfishes 7 049 088 11.74 50.21 4. Squids, cuttlefishes, octopuses 1 286 742 9.16 56.53 4. Squids, cuttlefishes, octopuses 6 545 962 10.90 59.65 5. Miscellaneous pelagic fishes 1 262 792 8.99 32.14 5. Miscellaneous freshwater fishes 2 490 856 4.15 71.80 6. Miscellaneous freshwater fishes 880 008 6.26 82.50 6. Crabs, sea-spiders 2 394 079 3.99 55.57 7. Cods, hakes, haddocks 661 297 4.71 12.93 7. Cods, hakes, haddocks 2 192 737 3.65 15.04 8. Tilapias and other cichlids 459 650 3.27 89.45 8. Miscellaneous pelagic fishes 2 169 860 3.61 38.94 9. Herrings, sardines, anchovies 415 094 2.95 13.34 9. Salmons, trouts, smelts 1 389 713 2.32 4.95 10. Salmons, trouts, smelts 280 323 2.00 7.86 10. Tilapias and other cichlids 1 384 627 2.31 83.66 Others 2 042 802 14.54 Others 9 297 013 15.49 Aquatic products 14 049 275 100.00 35.00 Aquatic products 60 027 239 100.00 37.97

Asia's top 10 fish export products (2017; in terms of quantity)

1. Shrimps and prawns, other than coldwater, even smoked, frozen 918 193

2. Mackerels nei, frozen 737 965

3. Cuttlefishes and squids, frozen, nei 671 637

4. Fish, frozen, nei 590 235 5.3% 6.5% 4.8% 5. Catfish fillets, frozen 552 878 4.2% 3.9% 6. Skipjack tuna, frozen 472 742 3.4%

tonnes 61.3% 2.9% 7. Fishmeals, nei 402 920 2.8% 8. Skipjack prepared or preserved, not minced, nei 393 448 2.6% 2.4% 9. Fish meat, whether or not minced, frozen, nei 358 762

10. Tunas prepared or preserved, not minced, in airtight containers 337 078

Other species 8 613 417

55 Asia (2017): Top 10 commodities in fish export (in terms of value).

Asia's top 10 fish export products (2017; in terms of value)

1. Shrimps and prawns, other than coldwater, even smoked, frozen 7 673 775

2. Cuttlefishes and squids, frozen, nei 3 105 942

3. Shrimps and prawns (Penaeus spp.), frozen 2 483 090

4. Shrimps and prawns, prep. or pres., not in airtight containers 2 326 792 5.2% 12.8% 5. Shrimps and prawns, prep. or pres., in airtight containers 1 744 809 4.1% 3.9% 6. Catfish fillets, frozen 1 606 960 59.6% 2.9%

7. Skipjack prepared or preserved, not minced, nei 1 600 754 2.7% thousand thousand USD 2.7% 8. Fish, frozen, nei 1 311 774 2.2% 9. Fish fillets, frozen, nei 1 209 303 2.0% 1.9% 10. Crab meat nei, prepared or preserved 1 162 556

Other species 35 801 484

56 Fish import

57 Asia (2000–2017): Status and trend of aquatic products import volume Status and trend of aquatic products import volume Aquatic products import quantity (tonnes) Country/area Annual growth (%) 2000 2017 World 26 502 111 38 681 948 2.2 Asia 9 972 124 15 437 388 2.6 Eastern Asia 7 625 992 9 791 670 1.5 South-eastern Asia 1 757 862 3 998 386 5.0 Southern Asia 180 700 369 954 4.3 Western Asia 365 870 1 220 717 7.3 Central Asia 41 700 56 661 1.8 Top 10 largest importers of aquatic products (by tonnage) in Asia, 2017 China 2 514 321 4 875 918 4.0 Japan 3 540 479 2 467 071 - 2.1 Thailand 813 789 1 924 536 5.2 Republic of Korea 762 905 1 479 637 4.0 Viet Nam 7 960 626 474 29.3 Philippines 248 407 493 535 4.1 Taiwan Province of China 454 497 470 975 0.2 Malaysia 322 923 420 574 1.6 China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 332 408 379 633 0.8 Indonesia 171 349 295 386 3.3

Data source: FAO. 2019. Fishery and Aquaculture Statistics. Global fisheries commodities production and trade 1976–2017 (FishStatJ) (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Trade Module; see Templates 45-47 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Includes all aquatic commodities recorded in the data source. 58 Asia (2000–2017): Status and trend of aquatic products import value Status and trend of aquatic products import value Aquatic products import value (USD 000) Country/area Annual growth (%) 2000 2017 World 61 012 631 148 605 591 5.4 Asia 24 224 979 49 853 770 4.3 Eastern Asia 21 553 335 36 918 148 3.2 South-eastern Asia 1 947 414 8 595 052 9.1 Southern Asia 131 158 669 744 10.1 Western Asia 569 481 3 570 040 11.4 Central Asia 23 591 100 786 8.9 Top 10 largest importers of aquatic products (by value) in Asia, 2017 Japan 15 742 561 15 352 351 -0.1 China 1 820 699 11 027 653 11.2 Republic of Korea 1 411 994 5 137 626 7.9 Thailand 826 699 3 669 194 9.2 China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 1 972 035 3 625 373 3.6 Viet Nam 36 242 1 765 991 25.7 Taiwan Province of China 578 933 1 508 568 5.8 Singapore 544 165 1 096 665 4.2 Malaysia 307 340 999 274 7.2 United Arab Emirates 86 919 740 575 13.4

Aquatic commodities import more than doubled from Aquatic Shellfish Aquatic Shellfish products products USD 24 billion in 2000 to 33.7% Marine fishes 36.6% Marine fishes import value: import value: 48.5% USD 50 billion in 2017. 24 224 979 49.7% Crustaceans 49 853 770 Crustaceans Finfish thousand USD 20.7% thousand USD Finfish 25.0% 60.3% The share of freshwater fishes 62.9% increased from 0.4 percent to 2.2 percent.

Diadromous fishes Diadromous fishes 10.2% 12.2%

Freshwater Freshwater fishes fishes 0.4% 2.2%

Data source: FAO. 2019. Fishery and Aquaculture Statistics. Global fisheries commodities production and trade 1976–2017 (FishStatJ) (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Trade Module; see Templates 45-47 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Includes all 60 aquatic commodities recorded in the data source. Species groups less than 0.1 percent of the total value not labelled in the charts. Asia (2017) World (2017) Miscellaneous Aquatic Aquatic aquatic animal Miscellaneous plants plants products aquatic animals Asia versus world (fish 1.7% Others 1.0% 0.2% 0.7% Others Miscellaneous 3.4% import, 2017): aquatic animals 1.8% 1.5% Molluscs Molluscs 9.8% Asia’s USD 50 billion of total 13.0% import of aquatic products in 2017 was one third of the world Crustaceans Shellfish total. Aquatic Aquatic Shellfish 21.5% 31.3% Marine fishes products products 33.7% Marine fishes 45.0% import value: 48.5% import value: The share of marine fishes (48.5 Crustaceans 49 853 770 148 605 591 20.7% thousand USD Finfish thousand USD percent) higher than the world Finfish 62.9% average. 66.9%

The share of molluscs (13 percent) higher than the world Diadromous fishes Diadromous fishes average. 12.2% 18.9%

Freshwater Freshwater fishes fishes 2.2% 3.0%

Shellfish Crustaceans 26.8% Aquatic Marine Shellfish Aquatic Aquatic Shellfish 14.9% Products fishes 33.7% Products Marine fishes Products 37.2% import value: import value: import value: 45.2% 48.5% 36 918 148 Finfish Crustaceans 49 853 770 8 595 052 thousand USD thousand USD Finfish thousand USD 58.9% 20.7% Marine fishes Crustaceans

62.9% Finfish 58.5% 47 47 the in prototypeexamples WAPIfor 22.7% commodities productionand trade

70.9% -

Diadromous ).

fishes 45 9.8% s Diadromous Diadromous fisheries fishes Freshwater fishes 12.2% fishes 12.5% Template Freshwater fishes Freshwater fishes 2.7%

2.2% see 1.2% Southern Asia (2017) Western Asia (2017) Central Asia (2017) Miscellaneous

Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous aquatic animal Includesall aquatic commodities recorded the in data source.

Aquatic plants Aquatic plants ). Molluscs aquatic animals aquatic animals Miscellaneous aquatic aquatic animals products 2.0% 0.3% 2.3% 0.2% Molluscs 0.1% animal products 0.1% 0.1% Others 1.5% 1.4% Molluscs Crustaceans Aquatic plants Others Trade Module; 2.2% 4.7% 2.1% 3.1% 0.5% Diadromous Crustaceans fishes Others Crustaceans Shellfish 6.7% 5.8% 3.7% 16.2% 7.0% Shellfish Shellfish 8.2% 19.4% Diadromous Aquatic Aquatic Aquatic Fisheryand Aquaculture GlobalStatistics.

fishes Products Products Products www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en 24.9% import value: import value: import value: 100 786 Freshwater 669 744 3 570 040 Marine fishes 2019. thousand USD thousand USD Diadromous thousand USD fishes 54.8% 17.8% fishes

Marine fishes Marine fishes FishStatJ) ( FishStatJ) 16.8% Finfish FAO. : 63.4% Finfish ( Finfish 64.5% 80.2%

90.7% 88.1%

Constructed Constructed by Fish the WAPI FAO 2017 2017

Freshwater : – Freshwater fishes

fishes 8.6% www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en

1976 Notes ( than less 0.1 groupsSpeciespercentof the total value not labelled the in charts. 2.5% source Data 62 Asia (2017): Major species groups in aquatic products import

Asia’s aquatic product import in 2017 Top 10 import species groups in terms of quantity Top 10 import species groups in terms of value

Share of Share of world Share of Asia's world Share of Asia's total Product weight import of FOB value total import of all import of ISSCAAP groups import of all aquatic ISSCAAP groups (tonnes) the same (USD 1 000) aquatic the same commodities (%) species commodities (%) species group (%) group (%)

1. Marine fishes not identified 4 732 546 30.66 53.76 1. Marine fishes not identified 10 051 876 20.16 50.51 2. Cods, hakes, haddocks 1 759 881 11.40 34.40 2. Shrimps, prawns 6 260 343 12.56 22.92 3. Tunas, bonitos, billfishes 1 642 899 10.64 43.76 3. Salmons, trouts, smelts 5 496 099 11.02 19.58 4. Miscellaneous pelagic fishes 1 468 694 9.51 37.38 4. Tunas, bonitos, billfishes 5 463 781 10.96 38.92 5. Squids, cuttlefishes, octopuses 1 053 209 6.82 46.27 5. Squids, cuttlefishes, octopuses 3 924 453 7.87 35.76 6. Salmons, trouts, smelts 832 172 5.39 23.32 6. Cods, hakes, haddocks 3 373 998 6.77 23.14 7. Shrimps, prawns 781 513 5.06 24.25 7. Crabs, sea-spiders 2 401 761 4.82 55.75 8. Herrings, sardines, anchovies 655 894 4.25 21.08 8. Miscellaneous pelagic fishes 1 989 067 3.99 35.69 9. Miscellaneous freshwater fishes 348 113 2.25 32.64 9. Lobsters, spiny-rock lobsters 1 375 787 2.76 31.31 10. Flounders, halibuts, soles 332 454 2.15 43.58 10. Flounders, halibuts, soles 1 028 474 2.06 33.36 Others 1 830 013 11.85 Others 8 488 131 17.03 Aquatic products 15 437 388 100.00 38.46 Aquatic products 49 853 770 100.00 31.53

Asia's top 10 fish import products (2017; in terms of quantity)

1. Fishmeals, nei 2 472 511

2. Alaska pollock, frozen 931 598

3. Mackerels nei, frozen 869 114

4. Skipjack tuna, frozen 739 684

5. Cuttlefishes and squids, frozen, nei 447 556 16.0% 6.0% 5.6% 6. Fish, frozen, nei 445 810 53.3%

tonnes 4.8% 7. Shrimps and prawns, other than coldwater, even smoked, frozen 444 816

8. Yellowfin tuna, frozen, nei 307 040 2.9% 2.9% 2.9% 9. Pacific salmons, frozen, nei 295 149 1.9% 1.7% 2.0% 10. Herrings nei, frozen 256 137

Other species 8 227 973

64 Asia (2017): Top 10 commodities in fish import (in terms of value).

Asia's top 10 fish import products (2017; in terms of value)

1. Shrimps and prawns, other than coldwater, even smoked, frozen 3 938 842

2. Fishmeals, nei 3 353 150

3. Cuttlefishes and squids, frozen, nei 1 353 127 2.7% 4. Atlantic and Danube salmons, fresh or chilled 1 287 871 2.6% 7.9% 6.7% 2.6% 5. Skipjack tuna, frozen 1 285 761 2.5% 2.2% 6. Pacific salmons, frozen, nei 1 229 274 1.8% 67.6% 7. Mackerels nei, frozen 1 074 044 1.7%

thousand thousand USD 1.7% 8. Alaska pollock, frozen 907 770

9. Tuna loins and fillets, frozen 868 211

10. Crabs, peeled or not, live, fresh or chilled, nei 860 232

Other species 33 695 488

65 Total fishery production

66 Asia (1950–2017) : Status and trend of total fishery production

Status and trend of aquaculture and fisheries production in Asia (1950-2017)

180 000 000 2017, 152 420 530 160 000 000

140 000 000 2010, 118 419 468

120 000 000 2000, 82 911 176 100 000 000

80 000 000 1990, 50 883 401

60 000 000 1980, 33 936 014 1970, 23 897 729 40 000 000 1960, 14 885 654 1950, 6 648 823

20 000 000 Aquatic Aquatic products production quantity (tonnes) 0

Capture (Asia) Aquaculture (Asia) Total (Asia)

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Total Fishery Production Module; see Figure 5.1 in the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1) for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Production covers all species measured in tonnage.

67 Asia (2000) Asia (2017)

Asia (total fishery production, 2000 versus 2017):

Miscellaneous Aquatic plants aquatic animals 13.1% Aquatic plants Total fishery production 0.8% Marine fishes 21.0% 22.9% increased from 83 million Other Other tonnes in 2000 to 152 million species Marine fishes 14.0% 35.6% Miscellaneous species tonnes in 2017. aquatic animals 21.8% Molluscs Total fishery 0.8% Total fishery 16.5% production production Shellfish The share of freshwater fishes (2000): (2017): 23.6% Finfish 82 911 176 152 420 530 increased from 24.9 percent to Finfish Molluscs Shellfish 57.0% tonnes 13.1% tonnes 31.8 percent. 62.4% 21.2% Crustaceans 7.1% The share of marine fishes Crustaceans 8.1% declined from 35.6 percent to Freshwater fishes Freshwater fishes 31.8% Diadromous fishes 22.9 percent. 24.9% 2.0% Diadromous fishes 2.3%

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Total Fishery Production Module; see Figure 1.5 in the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1) for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Production covers all species measured in tonnage. Species accounting for less than 0.1 percent of total production not labelled in the charts. 68 Asia (2017) World (2017)

Asia versus world (total fishery production, 2017): Aquatic plants Aquatic plants 21.0% Marine fishes Miscellaneous 16.0% 22.9% aquatic animals Asia’s 152 million tonnes of total 0.7% Other Other fishery production was three species Marine fishes Miscellaneous species 16.7% 33.8% quarters of the world total. aquatic animals 21.8% 0.8% Total fishery Molluscs Total fishery production 11.5% production The 31.8 percent of freshwater Shellfish (2017): (2017): Finfish 152 420 530 19.0% 205 580 364 fishes share was greater than Molluscs Shellfish 57.0% Finfish 13.1% tonnes tonnes 21.2% 64.4% the world average. Crustaceans 7.4%

The 22.9 percent of marine Crustaceans Freshwater fishes 8.1% fishes share was lower than the 31.8% Freshwater fishes Diadromous fishes world average. 26.9% 3.7%

Diadromous fishes 2.3%

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Total Fishery Production Module; see Figure 1.5 in the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1) for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Production covers all species measured in tonnage. Species accounting for less than 0.1 percent of total production not labelled in the charts. 69 Eastern Asia (2017) Asia (2017) South-eastern Asia (2017)

Marine fishes Aquatic plants Marine Aquatic plants 17.4% 21.0% Aquatic Marine 22.8% fishes Other plants Other fishes

Other 22.9% 30.9% in FAO the WAPI species 26.9% species species Miscellaneous

21.8% 27.2% 1.5 Miscellaneous 24.1% aquatic animals Total fishery Total fishery Total fishery aquatic animals 0.8% production Finfish production production 1.2% (2017): 47.9% (2017): Finfish Miscellaneous (2017): 89 901 289 Molluscs 152 420 530 aquatic animals 42 396 554 Finfish ). Shellfish 57.0% Molluscs Shellfish tonnes Freshwater 13.1% tonnes 0.2% tonnes 60.9% see Figure 21.2% 3.7% 11.9% Shellfish fishes Molluscs 28.0% 29.8% Crustaceans 20.1% 8.2% Crustaceans Freshwater fishes 8.1% Freshwater fishes Crustaceans 31.8% 25.5% 8.0%

Diadromous fishes ) for similar example a Diadromous fishes Diadromous fishes 4.5%

0.8% 2.3%

. . Production covers species all measured in tonnage. ) Central Asia (2017) Southern Asia (2017) Western Asia (2017) Marine

fishes Molluscs Molluscs AQPRN AQPRN v.2018.1 2.0% Aquatic plants - 0.5% Crustaceans 4.5% Total Fishery Production Module; 0.1% 4.5% Diadromous Diadromous fishes Crustaceans fishes 4.2% 8.5% 12.4% Marine fishes Diadromous Shellfish 27.4% fishes Shellfish

10.4% 8.7% 9.0% www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en Freshwater Total fishery Total fishery fishes Total fishery production production 7.2% production (2017): (2017): (2000): 135 440 18 415 646 1 571 600 tonnes tonnes tonnes : FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through Finfish Finfish Finfish Constructed FAO by the WAPI 100.0% 89.4% 91.0% :

Freshwater fishes Freshwater fishes www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en

FishStatJ (March FishStatJ 2019; Notes Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI ( Species accounting for less than 0.1 percent production total of not labelled in the charts. Marine fishes source Data 87.1% 57.8% 75.0% 70 Capture fisheries production

71 Asia (capture fisheries production, 2000 versus 2017): Capture fisheries production in Japan and Thailand declined significantly between 2000 and 2017.

Top 10 countries/territories in Asia with the highest capture fisheries production, 2017

14 823 866 China 15 576 687

4 158 535 Indonesia 6 736 280

3 726 427 India 5 450 313

1 629 612 Viet Nam 3 277 574 2000 2017 5 191 575 Japan 3 274 147

1 093 200 tonnes Myanmar 2 150 400

1 920 492 Philippines 1 889 990

1 004 264 Bangladesh 1 801 084

2 997 124 Thailand 1 479 367

1 293 325 Malaysia 1 474 349

0 2 000 000 4 000 000 6 000 000 8 000 000 10 000 000 12 000 000 14 000 000 16 000 000 18 000 000

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Capture Fisheries Production Module; see Figure 3.3 in the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1) for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Production covers all species measured in tonnage. 72 Asia (capture fisheries production, 2000 versus 2017): Asia’s capture fisheries production increased from 44 million tonnes in 2000 to 50 million tonnes in 2017 with the share of inland fisheries increased from 12.4 percent to 16 percent; the species composition of Asia’s marine fisheries production was more diversified than that of its inland fisheries production.

Asia (2000) Asia (2017)

Marine Diadromous Diadromous fishes Crustaceans fishes Crustaceans Diadromous fishes 0.6% 1.2% 0.1% Diadromous fishes 0.9% fishes 1.3% 1.3% 0.6% Molluscs Molluscs 1.2% 0.7% Freshwater Freshwater Miscellaneous fishes Miscellaneous fishes aquatic animals 9.3% aquatic animals 0.1% 0.1% 13.7% Aquatic plants Aquatic plants Inland 0.9% Inland waters 0.7% Miscellaneous aquatic 12.4% waters Miscellaneous aquatic animals Molluscs 16.0% animals 1.2% 10.2% Molluscs Capture 0.6% 7.3% Capture production production (2017): (2017): 44 000 780 49 524 361 Crustaceans tonnes Crustaceans tonnes 8.7% 8.6%

Marine areas Marine areas 87.6% 84.0%

Marine fishes Marine fishes 65.3% 65.4%

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Capture Fisheries Production Module; see Figure 1.5 in the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1) for a similar 73 example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Production covers all species measured in tonnage. Marine areas including coastal areas. Asia (2017) World (2017)

Diadromous Diadromous Crustaceans Diadromous fishes fishes 0.9% fishes 1.3% 1.6% Molluscs 0.6% 0.7% Freshwater Freshwater fishes Miscellaneous Aquatic plants fishes 11.3% Asia versus world (inland aquatic animals 1.2% 13.7% versus marine capture 0.1% Aquatic plants Inland Inland waters fisheries production, 2017): 0.7% waters Molluscs 12.7% Miscellaneous aquatic 16.0% 6.4% animals Molluscs Capture Inland fisheries accounted for 0.6% 7.3% Capture production Crustaceans production 16 percent of Asia’s capture (2017): 6.7% (2017): fisheries production in 2017; 49 524 361 93 633 741 Crustaceans tonnes tonnes the share was higher than the 8.6% world average. Marine areas Marine areas 84.0% 87.3%

Marine fishes Marine fishes 65.4% 70.8%

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Capture Fisheries Production Module; see Figure 1.5 in the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1) for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Production covers all species measured in tonnage. Marine areas including coastal areas. 74 Eastern Asia (2017) Asia (2017) South-eastern Asia (2017)

Crustaceans Diadromous Diadromous Diadromous Molluscs Diadromous 1.4% fishes fishes fishes 1.2% Diadromous fishes Molluscs Crustaceans fishes 0.6% 1.3% 0.8% 0.8% 0.7% 0.3% 0.1% Miscellaneous aquatic Crustaceans animals Freshwater fishes 0.9% Molluscs 0.1% Freshwater fishes 0.5% Freshwater fishes 7.7% Miscellaneous aquatic 13.7% 13.0% Aquatic plants animals Aquatic plants 1.3% 0.1% 0.3% in FAO the WAPI Inland waters

Aquatic plants Inland waters Inland waters 1.5 Miscellaneous aquatic 10.4% Miscellaneous aquatic 0.7% 16.0% Molluscs 13.9% animals Molluscs animals 5.2% 0.9% 10.8% Miscellaneous aquatic 0.5% Capture animals Molluscs Capture Capture production Crustaceans 0.6% 7.3% production production ). (2017): (2017): 7.4% (2017):

21 302 692 49 524 361 17 744 553 see Figure Crustaceans tonnes Crustaceans tonnes tonnes 10.9% 8.6%

Marine areas Marine areas Marine areas 89.6% 84.0% 86.1%

Marine fishes Marine fishes

Marine fishes ) for similar example a

64.9% 65.4% 71.9% . . Production covers species all measured in tonnage. Central Asia (2017) Southern Asia (2017) Western Asia (2017) ) Marine Diadromous Marine fishes Diadromous fishes fishes Diadromous fishes 0.7% fishes

0.9% 3.7% 0.1% 0.3% AQPRN AQPRN v.2018.1

Crustaceans -

0.1% Freshwater Total Fishery Production Module; Molluscs fishes Molluscs 4.7% Diadromous fishes 0.1% 5.9% 19.0% Inland Crustaceans Freshwater waters 2.6% fishes 5.7% 29.4% Inland waters

33.5% www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en Capture Diadromous Capture Capture Marine production fishes production production areas (2017): 2.7% (2017): (2017): 78 802 9 237 803 66.5% 1 160 512 tonnes tonnes tonnes Marine fishes

0.1% Marine : : FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through fishes Inland waters Crustaceans Marine areas Molluscs 52.1% 100.0% 1.2% 94.3% 3.8% Constructed FAO by the WAPI

Crustaceans : Aquatic plants 6.5% Freshwater fishes 0.2% Marine fishes 80.1%

85.4% www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en

FishStatJ FishStatJ (March 2019; Notes Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI ( Species accounting for less than 0.1 percent production of total not labelled in the charts. Data source Data 75 Miscellaneous aquatic animals 0.1% Asia (2000) Asia (2017) Asia (species composition in Aquatic Miscellaneous aquatic capture fisheries production, plants Aquatic plants Miscellaneous aquatic animals 0.9% 0.7% 2000 versus 2017): animals 0.7% 1.2%

Molluscs Asia’s capture fisheries Molluscs 8.1% production increased from 11.4% Other Crustaceans Other 44 million tonnes in 2000 to species 9.5% species Diadromous Shellfish Crustaceans 2.2% 1.4% nearly 50 million tonnes in Shellfish fishes 17.6% 9.9% 21.3% 1.9% 2017. Capture Capture Diadromous production production fishes 1.9% (2000): (2017): The share of freshwater fishes 44 000 780 Freshwater fishes 49 524 361 13.7% increased from 9.3 percent to Freshwater fishes tonnes tonnes 9.3% Finfish 13.7 percent. Marine fishes Finfish Marine fishes 76.5% 65.3% 81.0% 65.4% The share of molluscs declined from 11.4 percent to 8.1 percent.

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Capture Fisheries Production Module; see Figure 1.5 in the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1) for a similar 76 example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Production covers all species measured in tonnage. Asia versus world (species composition in capture Asia (2017) World (2017) fisheries production, 2017): Miscellaneous aquatic Aquatic plants Aquatic animals 0.7% plants Asia’s 50 million tonnes of 0.7% 1.2% capture fisheries production in Molluscs Molluscs 2017 was more than half of the 8.1% 6.8% world total. Diadromous Crustaceans Crustaceans Other Other fishes 7.3% 9.5% species species Shellfish 2.1% Shellfish Diadromous 1.4% 1.7% The 13.7 percent of freshwater fishes 17.6% 14.0% 1.9% fishes share was greater than Capture Capture Freshwater the world average. production fishes production (2017): 11.3% (2017): Freshwater fishes 49 524 361 93 633 741 The 65.4 percent of marine 13.7% tonnes tonnes fishes share was less than the Finfish Marine fishes Finfish 65.4% world average. 81.0% 84.3%

The 17.6 percent of shellfish Marine fishes 70.9% share was greater than the world average.

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Capture Fisheries Production Module; see Figure 1.5 in the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1) for a similar 77 example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Production covers all species measured in tonnage. Eastern Asia (2017) Asia (2017) South-eastern Asia (2017) Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Aquatic plants Miscellaneous Aquatic plants Aquatic plants aquatic animals aquatic animals 1.3% aquatic animals 0.7% 0.3% 0.5% 1.1% 0.7% Molluscs Molluscs Molluscs 8.1% 5.7% Crustaceans 12.0% Diadromous 7.7% Other Crustaceans Other fishes Other species in FAO the WAPI 9.5% species 0.9% Shellfish species 2.4% Shellfish Diadromous 1.4% 13.4% 0.8% Shellfish fishes 17.6% 1.5 Crustaceans 24.2% 1.9% 12.2% Freshwater Capture Capture fishes Capture production production 13.0% production (2017): (2017):

(2017): ). 21 302 692 17 744 553 Freshwater fishes 49 524 361

tonnes tonnes see Figure Diadromous 13.7% tonnes fishes Freshwater Finfish 0.9% fishes 73.4% Finfish 7.7% Finfish 81.0% 85.7%

Marine fishes Marine fishes Marine fishes 71.9%

64.9% 65.4% ) for similar example a . . Production covers species all measured in tonnage. Central Asia (2017) Southern Asia (2017) Western Asia (2017) ) Marine fishes Miscellaneous Aquatic plants 0.2% 0.9% aquatic animals

0.1% Crustaceans AQPRN AQPRN v.2018.1

2.7% -

Molluscs Diadromous Total Fishery Production Module; Molluscs 3.8% fishes Crustaceans 6.0% Diadromous fishes Diadromous 0.4% 19.0% fishes 7.7% 6.4% Other species Freshwater fishes Shellfish Shellfish 0.3% 4.7% 11.5% 8.7%

Capture Capture www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en Capture production production production (2017): (2017): Marine fishes (2017): 78 802 9 237 803 52.3% 1 160 512 tonnes tonnes tonnes Freshwater fishes Finfish : FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through Finfish 29.4% 88.1% Finfish

100.0% 91.2%

Constructed Constructed FAO by the WAPI : : Freshwater fishes Marine fishes

80.1% 86.1%

www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en

Top-10 ISSCAAP groups in Asia's capture production quantity (2017)

1. Marine fishes not identified 7 950 866

2. Miscellaneous pelagic fishes 6 346 680

3. Miscellaneous coastal fishes 5 893 488

4. Miscellaneous freshwater fishes 5 629 109

5. Tunas, bonitos, billfishes 4 888 316 2.7% 6. Herrings, sardines, anchovies 4 555 070

4.2% 11.5% 16.1% tonnes 5.1% 7. Squids, cuttlefishes, octopuses 2 595 977 12.8% 5.2% 8. Shrimps, prawns 2 530 902 9.2% 11.9% 9. Miscellaneous demersal fishes 2 092 766 9.9% 11.4% 10. Crabs, sea-spiders 1 342 209

Others 5 698 978

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Capture Fisheries Production Module; see Figure 1.2 in the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1) for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). ISSCAAP = International Standard Statistical Classification of Aquatic Animals and Plants; more information about ISSCAAP groups can be found at www.fao.org/tempref/FI/DOCUMENT/cwp/handbook/annex/AnnexS2listISSCAAP2000.pdf. 79 Asia (2017): The top 10 ASFIS species items in capture fisheries production in terms of quantity.

Top-10 ASFIS species items in Asia's capture production quantity (2017)

1. Marine fishes nei 7 949 866 2. Freshwater fishes nei 5 072 031 3. Skipjack tuna 1 388 591 16.1% 4. Largehead hairtail 1 170 252 10.2% 5. Scads nei 1 159 354 56.7% 2.8% 2.4% 6. Pacific chub mackerel 1 136 919

tonnes 2.3% 7. Natantian decapods nei 1 090 817 2.3%

8. Japanese anchovy 1 063 903 2.1% 2.2% 1.4% 9. Croakers, drums nei 707 238 1.4% 10. Yellowfin tuna 700 445 Other species 28 084 945

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Capture Fisheries Production Module; see Figure 1.2 in the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1) for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). ASFIS = Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System; more information about ASFIS species items can be found at www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en. Nei = not elsewhere included. 80 Aquaculture production

81 Asia (aquaculture production tonnage, 2000–2017): Aquaculture production tonnage grew 5.89 percent a year during 2000–2017, faster than the world average (5.79 percent).

Status and trends of aquaculture production, 2000-2017 Aquaculture production quantity (tonnes) Country/area Annual growth (%) 2000 2017 World 43 014 088 111 946 623 5.79 Asia 38 910 396 102 896 169 5.89 Eastern Asia 32 438 399 68 598 598 4.50 South-eastern Asia 3 674 832 24 652 001 11.85 Southern Asia 2 672 459 9 177 843 7.53 Western Asia 118 029 411 088 7.62 Central Asia 6 677 56 638 13.40 Top 10 aquaculture countries/territories (by tonnage), 2017 China 29 749 708 64 358 481 4.64 Indonesia 993 727 15 896 100 17.71 India 1 942 531 6 182 000 7.05 Viet Nam 513 517 3 831 241 12.55 Bangladesh 657 120 2 333 352 7.74 Republic of Korea 667 883 2 306 280 7.56 Philippines 1 100 902 2 237 787 4.26 Myanmar 98 912 1 048 863 14.90 Japan 1 291 735 1 021 580 -1.37 Thailand 738 155 889 891 1.11

Status and trends of aquaculture production value, 2000-2017 Aquaculture production value (USD 000) Country/area Annual growth (%) 2000 2017 World 52 711 757 249 579 163 9.58 Asia 42 717 132 211 021 834 9.85 Eastern Asia 30 929 673 158 413 948 10.09 South-eastern Asia 7 674 148 30 594 422 8.48 Southern Asia 3 748 255 19 959 823 10.34 Western Asia 358 936 1 917 279 10.36 Central Asia 6 119 136 362 20.03 Top 10 aquaculture countries/territories (by value), 2017 China 24 167 792 148 963 118 11.29 Indonesia 2 268 270 12 906 162 10.77 India 2 511 934 12 293 958 9.79 Viet Nam 993 860 9 715 248 14.35 Bangladesh 1 039 102 5 905 370 10.76 Japan 4 917 902 4 685 599 -0.28 Republic of Korea 696 302 3 431 671 9.84 Thailand 2 513 846 2 703 419 0.43 Philippines 734 011 1 998 500 6.07 Myanmar 781 368 1 749 589 4.86 Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN); see Figure 2.1 in WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1 for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Production covers all species measured in tonnage. 83 Asia (aquaculture production quantity and value, 2000 versus 2017): Status and trends of aquaculture production in major aquaculture countries in Asia

Top 10 countries/territories in Asia with the highest Top 10 countries/territories in Asia with the highest aquaculture production quantity (tonnes), 2017 aquaculture production value (farmgate, USD 000), 2017

29 749 708 24 167 792 China 64 358 481 China 148 963 118

993 727 2 268 270 Indonesia 15 896 100 Indonesia 12 906 162

India 1 942 531 India 2 511 934 6 182 000 tonnes 12 293 958 USD 000 513 517 993 860 Viet Nam 3 831 241 2000 2017 Viet Nam 9 715 248 2000 2017

657 120 1 039 102 Bangladesh 2 333 352 Bangladesh 5 905 370 Republic of 667 883 Japan 4 917 902 Korea 2 306 280 4 685 599 Republic of Philippines 1 100 902 696 302 2 237 787 Korea 3 431 671 98 912 2 513 846 Myanmar 1 048 863 Thailand 2 703 419

1 291 735 734 011 Japan 1 021 580 Philippines 1 998 500

738 155 781 368 Thailand 889 891 Myanmar 1 749 589

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Capture Fisheries Production Module; see Figure 3.3 in the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1) for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Production covers all species measured in tonnage. 84 Asia (aquaculture production tonnage, 2017): Top 10 aquaculture countries accounted for 97.3 percent of Asia’s aquaculture production tonnage in 2017.

Top 10 countries/territories in Asia with the highest aquaculture production tonnage, 2017

1. China 64 358 481

2. Indonesia 15 896 100

3. India 6 182 000

2.2% 1.0% 1.0% 4. Viet Nam 3 831 241 0.9% 2.2% 2.3% 5. Bangladesh 2 333 352 3.7% 2.7%

6. Republic of Korea 2 306 280 6.0% tonnes 7. Philippines 2 237 787 15.4% 62.5% 8. Myanmar 1 048 863

9. Japan 1 021 580

10. Thailand 889 891

Others 2 790 593

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Capture Fisheries Production Module; see Figure 3.3 in the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1) for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Production covers all species measured in tonnage. 85 Asia (aquaculture production value, 2017): Top 10 aquaculture countries accounted for 96.8 percent of Asia’s aquaculture production value in 2017.

Top 10 countries/territories in Asia with the highest aquaculture production value, 2017

1. China 148 963 118

2. Indonesia 12 906 162

3. India 12 293 958 0.9% 4. Viet Nam 9 715 248 1.6% 2.2% 1.3% 0.8% 5. Bangladesh 5 905 370 2.8% 4.6% 3.2% 6. Japan 4 685 599 5.8%

7. Republic of Korea 3 431 671 6.1% thousand USD thousand

8. Thailand 2 703 419 70.6%

9. Philippines 1 998 500

10. Myanmar 1 749 589

Others 6 669 199

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Capture Fisheries Production Module; see Figure 3.3 in the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1) for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Production covers all species measured in tonnage. 86 Asia (2000–2017): Aquaculture’s contribution to total fishery production

Asia: aquaculture's share in total fishery production

67 68 65 66 63 64 60 61 58 59 55 56 53 55 50 51 102 896 48 99 456 47 95 465 91 261 87 304 80 488 74 425 71 302 67 470 64 136 57 315 60 456 53 931 50 682 44 052 46 638 38 910 41 082 50 025 50 062 47 118 46 918 47 735 48 173 49 180 49 524 44 001 43 734 43 662 44 586 44 484 44 986 46 028 46 552 46 308 46 179

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Aquaculture production (thousand tonnes) Capture fisheries production (thousand tonnes) Share of aquaculture in total fish production (%)

Eastern Asia: aquaculture's share in total fishery production

75 76 71 72 72 73 69 70 70 67 67 64 65 66 62 63 60 68 599 58 66 125 63 026 60 812 58 455 55 528 52 387 49 442 51 147 47 499 44 243 46 051 40 226 42 075 36 199 37 910 33 909 32 438

23 319 23 295 22 636 22 052 22 561 22 182 22 340 22 549 22 841 22 950 22 303 22 218 22 197 22 164 22 278 23 151 21 771 21 303

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Aquaculture production (thousand tonnes) Capture fisheries production (thousand tonnes) Share of aquaculture in total fish production (%)

South-eastern Asia: aquaculture's share in total fishery production

58 58 58 56 57 53 50 48 45 42 38 36 33 30 26 25 22 23 24 149 24 372 24 652 21 560 22 686 18 223 16 126 14 393 12 560 9 800 11 210 7 588 8 512 5 235 6 370 3 675 4 085 4 605 13 417 13 751 14 100 14 598 14 995 15 136 15 455 15 676 15 201 15 478 15 882 16 140 16 334 16 853 17 277 17 448 17 646 17 745

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Aquaculture production (thousand tonnes) Capture fisheries production (thousand tonnes) Share of aquaculture in total fish production (%)

Southern Asia: aquaculture's share in total fishery production

49 50 50 47 47 44 42 43 42 41 40 39 39 40 35 32 34 9 178 30 8 546 7 910 7 401 6 960 6 426 5 497 5 636 5 187 5 217 4 358 4 385 3 925 4 075 3 140 3 360 2 672 2 974

6 163 6 193 6 200 6 237 5 976 6 329 6 735 6 698 7 026 7 262 7 876 7 451 8 058 7 895 8 373 8 264 8 636 9 238

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Aquaculture production (thousand tonnes) Capture fisheries production (thousand tonnes) Share of aquaculture in total fish production (%)

Western Asia: aquaculture's share in total fishery production

26 26 25 23 22 21 19 20 18 19

14 14 14

11 10 10 9 7

1 269 1 280 1 241 1 285 1 049 1 115 1 148 1 125 1 061 1 079 1 075 1 072 1 116 1 083 1 009 1 119 1 042 1 161 236 245 256 265 295 305 331 341 370 411 118 109 103 129 157 189 198 215

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Aquaculture production (thousand tonnes) Capture fisheries production (thousand tonnes) Share of aquaculture in total fish production (%)

Central Asia: aquaculture's share in total fishery production

33 33 30 28

20 15 11 10 11 10 9 9 8 8 6 7 6

67 64 65 71 80 85 79 52 39 40 42 50 56 49 53 70 58 59 39 42 57 16 25 31 7 5 5 4 3 4 4 4 4 6 8 11

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Aquaculture production (thousand tonnes) Capture fisheries production (thousand tonnes) Share of aquaculture in total fish production (%)

Marine fishes Freshwater Diadromous fishes Diadromous fishes 1.9% fishes 1.6% Asia (inland versus marine 1.2% Crustaceans 0.6% Marine fishes Freshwater fishes 2.8% 2.5% aquaculture, 2000 and 2017): 0.1%

Crustaceans Aquaculture production 4.4% increased from 39 million Molluscs Molluscs tonnes to 103 million tonnes Freshwater 15.4% 22.3% Freshwater fishes with little change in the ratio fishes 42.4% Aquaculture 39.9% Aquaculture Inland waters Inland waters between inland and marine production production 44.5% 44.6% aquaculture. (2000): Marine areas (2017): Marine areas 38 910 396 55.5% 102 896 169 55.4% tonnes Miscellaneous tonnes Species diversification appeared aquatic animals 0.2% Miscellaneous to increase in both inland and aquatic animals marine aquaculture. 0.4% Aquatic plants Aquatic plants 30.7% 27.0% Diadromous fishes 0.8% Diadromous fishes Crustaceans 0.8% 3.0% Aquatic plants Miscellaneous Molluscs Miscellaneous 0.1% Crustaceans aquatic animals 0.2% aquatic animals 1.1% 0.2% 0.5%

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN); see Figure 1.5 in WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1 for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Production covers all species measured in tonnage. Species group less than 0.1 percent of total production may not be labelled. 93 Asia (2017) World (2017) Diadromous Freshwater Diadromous fishes Marine fishes fishes fishes 1.6% 2.5% Asia versus world (inland 0.6% 4.0% Marine fishes versus marine aquaculture, 2.5% Crustaceans 4.7% 2017): Crustaceans 4.4% Inland and marine aquaculture Molluscs accounted for, respectively, 44.6 Freshwater 15.4% Molluscs fishes percent and 55.4 percent of 15.3% 39.9% Aquaculture Freshwater Aquaculture Asia’s 103 million aquaculture Inland waters fishes Inland waters production 39.4% production production in 2017. 44.6% (2017): 44.3% (2017): Marine areas Marine 102 896 169 55.4% 111 946 623 tonnes tonnes areas The pattern was similar to that 55.7% of the world, since Asia Miscellaneous accounted for 92 percent of the aquatic animals Aquatic plants 0.4% world aquaculture production in Diadromous fishes 30.7% Aquatic plants 0.8% 28.4% 2017. Diadromous fishes Crustaceans 1.1% 3.0% Aquatic plants Crustaceans Miscellaneous Molluscs 0.1% 2.8% 0.2% aquatic animals 0.5%

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN); see Figure 1.5 in WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1 for a similar example 94 (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Production covers all species measured in tonnage. Species group less than 0.1 percent of total production may not be labelled. South-eastern Asia (2017) Eastern Asia (2017) Asia (2017) Freshwater fishes Diadromous fishes Freshwater fishes 0.1% 0.6% Diadromous fishes 2.3% Marine fishes Marine fishes 1.6% Diadromous 1.4% 2.6% Marine fishes fishes Crustaceans 2.5% 6.6% Freshwater 2.4% Crustaceans Crustaceans Freshwater Molluscs fishes Freshwater Molluscs 4.4% 8.2% fishes 22.2% 15.4% 32.3% fishes Molluscs 36.6% Inland waters 39.9% 2.2% Aquaculture 33.1% Aquaculture Inland waters Aquaculture Inland waters Miscellaneous production production 42.7% production 44.6% aquatic animals (2017): (2017): Marine areas (2017): Marine areas Miscellaneous 0.4% Marine 68 598 598 102 896 169 24 652 001 57.3% aquatic animals 55.4% tonnes tonnes areas tonnes Diadromous in measured species all covers Production . 0.5% 66.9% ) Diadromous fishes fishes Diadromous 0.8% 0.4% fishes Crustaceans Aquatic plants Crustaceans Module Production Aquaculture WAPI FAOthe in 0.7% Aquatic plants 3.0% 30.7% 0.4% Aquatic plants 1.5 Crustaceans 29.4% Molluscs 46.2% 4.3% Molluscs 0.2% 0.3% Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Aquatic plants Aquatic plants aquatic animals Figure see aquatic animals 0.1% 0.1% 0.7% 0.5% Central Asia (2017) Southern Asia (2017) Western Asia (2017) Diadromous fishes Marine fishes Freshwater fishes Diadromous fishes 3.1% 2.5% Molluscs 0.1% 0.1% 2.8% ).

Crustaceans www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en Freshwater ( Crustaceans 0.7% 8.5% fishes Diadromous 14.2%

fishes Total Fishery Production Module; Production Fishery Total Marine areas 1.9% 11.1%

Aquaculture Aquaculture Aquaculture Inland waters Marine

production production production example similara for ) 44.0% fishes (2017): (2017): (2017): Marine areas 56 638 9 177 843 43.4% Diadromous 411 088 56.0% tonnes tonnes fishes tonnes

29.3% 2019; (March FishStatJ through published v2019.1.0, Statistics Production Aquacultureand Fishery Global : FAO

Inland waters Inland waters AQPRN v.2018.1 AQPRN

88.9% WAPI FAO the by Constructed -

100.0% :

www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en Notes (WAPI charts. the in labelled not production totalof 0.1percent than less for accounting Species tonnage. Freshwater fishes source Data Freshwater fishes Marine fishes Crustaceans 96.9% 86.3% 0.5% 9.6% 95 Molluscs 0.1% Asia (2000) Asia (2017)

Marine fishes Marine fishes 1.9% 2.5%

Asia (aquaculture species composition, 2000 versus 2017): Aquatic plants 27.0% Aquatic plants 30.7% Aquaculture production Other Other species species Freshwater Aquaculture Freshwater Aquaculture increased from 39 million 27.4% Finfish 31.6% Finfish fishes production fishes production 40.5% 46.5% 42.5% (2017): 45.4% tonnes in 2000 to 103 million Miscellaneous (2000): tonnes in 2017. aquatic animals 38 910 396 102 896 169 0.4% tonnes tonnes

Shellfish Miscellaneous Shellfish The share of crustaceans 26.2% aquatic animals 22.9% increased from 3.9 percent to 0.9% Molluscs Molluscs 7.4 percent. 22.3% 15.6% Crustaceans 7.4%

Diadromous fishes Diadromous fishes Crustaceans 2.5% 3.9% 2.0%

Asia’s 103 million tonnes of aquaculture production in 2017 Aquatic Aquatic plants comprised 45.4 percent of plants 28.4% 30.7% Other finfish (mostly freshwater Other species fishes), 22.9 percent of shellfish species Freshwater Aquaculture 29.2% Aquaculture Freshwater 31.6% Finfish fishes fishes and 31.6 percent of other production 40.5% production Finfish 39.9% species (primarily aquatic (2017): 45.4% (2017): 47.7% 102 896 169 111 946 623 plants). tonnes Miscellaneous tonnes aquatic animals Miscellaneous Shellfish 0.8% Shellfish The pattern was similar to that aquatic animals 22.9% 23.1% 0.9% Molluscs of the world, since Asia Molluscs 15.5% accounted for 92 percent of the 15.6% Crustaceans Crustaceans world aquaculture production in 7.4% 7.5%

2017. Diadromous fishes Diadromous 2.5% fishes 5.0%

Aquatic plants Aquatic plants 29.5% 30.7% Freshwater Freshwater fishes Freshwater Other Finfish fishes Other 34.5% Aquaculture Aquaculture fishes Aquatic plants Aquaculture Finfish species 40.0% 36.6% species Finfish Other the in WAPI FAO production production 40.5% production 43.0% 30.8% 31.6% 45.4% 46.2% species

(2017): (2017): (2017): 1.5 46.2% 68 598 598 102 896 169 24 652 001 tonnes tonnes tonnes Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Shellfish aquatic animals Shellfish Shellfish aquatic animals 22.9% Figure see 1.3% 29.2% 10.8% 0.9% Molluscs Diadromous Molluscs 15.6% fishes Crustaceans ). 22.5% Crustaceans Crustaceans 6.7% 7.1% Diadromous fishes 7.4% 8.6% 0.7% Diadromous fishes Molluscs 2.5% 2.2% ) for a similarexample

Central Asia (2017) Southern Asia (2017) Western Asia (2017) Productioncoversmeasured all species tonnage. Species in . ) Diadromous fishes Molluscs Marine fishes Molluscs 3.1% 0.1% 2.5% 0.1%

Diadromous fishes v.2018.1 AQPRN Crustaceans - 1.9% Crustaceans Total ProductionFishery Module; 9.2% 9.6%

Shellfish Shellfish 9.3% 9.7%

Aquaculture Aquaculture Aquaculture Marine fishes production production production 43.9% Diadromous (2017): (2017): (2017): fishes 56 638 9 177 843 411 088

32.2% www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en

tonnes tonnes tonnes : FAO : Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, publishedthrough FishStatJ

Finfish Finfish Finfish Constructed Constructed by the WAPI FAO

100.0% 90.6% 90.3% :

www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en

(March 2019; (March2019; Notes Aquaculture ProductionModule(WAPI ( accounting lessthan for 0.1 percentof total production not labelled the in charts. Freshwater fishes Freshwater fishes Freshwater fishes source Data 96.9% 86.3% 14.2% 98 Asia (aquaculture tonnage, 2017): 256 ASFIS species items farmed in 46 countries/territories in Asia. Carps, red seaweeds and brown seaweeds were the largest species groups in terms of production tonnage.

Aquaculture production in Asia by species groups Year 2017 (in terms of quantity) The region’s Share of the Share of world Number of aquaculture Number of region’s aquaculture countries in the production species in the aquaculture production WAPI species groups ISSCAAP division region farming quantity of each group farmed production quantity of the the species species group by the region quantity of all same species group (live weight; species (%) group (%) tonnes) 1. Carps, barbels and other cyprinids (ISSCAAP group) Freshwater fishes 30 38 27 843 888 27.06 98.23 2. Red seaweeds (ISSCAAP group) Aquatic plants 7 14 17 086 943 16.61 99.01 3. Brown seaweeds (ISSCAAP group) Aquatic plants 3 4 13 770 562 13.38 99.99 4. Clams, cockles, arkshells (ISSCAAP group) Molluscs 9 9 5 584 802 5.43 98.70 5. Oysters (ISSCAAP group) Molluscs 4 12 5 435 627 5.28 95.19 6. Catfishes (Siluriformes) Freshwater fishes 16 20 5 077 459 4.93 92.00 7. Marine shrimps and prawns (ISSCAAP group) Crustaceans 12 23 4 706 291 4.57 85.38 8. Tilapias and other cichlids (ISSCAAP group) Freshwater fishes 6 31 4 140 896 4.02 70.42 9. Freshwater fishes nei (Osteichthyes) Freshwater fishes 1 21 2 435 705 2.37 99.17 10. Scallops, pectens (ISSCAAP group) Molluscs 3 4 2 162 925 2.10 98.98 Other species 165 n.a. 14 651 071 14.24 n.a. Aquatic products 256 46 102 896 169 100.00 91.92 Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN); see Figure 1.5 in WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1 for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). ISSCAAP (International Standard Statistical Classification of Aquatic Animals and Plants) grouping can be found at www.fao.org/tempref/FI/DOCUMENT/cwp/handbook/annex/AnnexS2listISSCAAP2000.pdf. The taxonomic scope of WAPI species groups indicated in bracket. More information about the WAPI species grouping can be found at http://www.fao.org/3/ca5187en/ca5187en.pdf. 99 Asia (aquaculture value, 2017): 256 ASFIS species items farmed in 46 countries/territories in Asia. Carps and marine shrimps/prawns were the two largest species groups in terms of production value.

Aquaculture production in Asia by species groups Year 2017 (in terms of value) The region’s Share of the Share of world Number of aquaculture Number of region’s aquaculture species in production countries in the aquaculture production WAPI species groups ISSCAAP division the group quantity of each region farming the production quantity of the farmed by species group species group quantity of all same species the region (farmgate value; species (%) group (%) USD 000) 1. Carps, barbels and other cyprinids (ISSCAAP group) Freshwater fishes 30 38 60 542 710 28.69 98.54 2. Marine shrimps and prawns (ISSCAAP group) Crustaceans 12 23 30 057 662 14.24 87.83 3. Crayfishes (Astacoidea and Parastacoidea) Crustaceans 4 5 9 815 358 4.65 98.07 4. Freshwater crabs (Brachyura)) Crustaceans 1 3 9 540 416 4.52 100.00 5. Clams, cockles, arkshells (ISSCAAP group) Molluscs 9 9 9 468 851 4.49 96.82 6. Catfishes (Siluriformes) Freshwater fishes 16 20 9 361 130 4.44 88.56 7. Tilapias and other cichlids (ISSCAAP group) Freshwater fishes 6 31 8 405 095 3.98 76.19 8. Freshwater perch-like fishes (Percoidea, freshwater) Freshwater fishes 7 8 7 011 283 3.32 98.60 9. Oysters (ISSCAAP group) Molluscs 4 12 5 980 234 2.83 88.09 10. Brown seaweeds (ISSCAAP group) Aquatic plants 3 4 5 942 125 2.82 99.97 Other species 164 n.a. 54 896 967 26.01 n.a. Aquatic products 256 46 211 021 834 100.00 84.55

100 Asia: Top 10 farmed ASFIS species items by quantity, 2017

Top-10 ASFIS species items in Asia's aquaculture production quantity (2017)

1. Japanese kelp 11 174 505

2. Eucheuma seaweeds nei 8 608 090

3. Grass carp(=White amur) 5 507 371

4. Cupped oysters nei 4 896 430

5. Silver carp 4 632 767 10.9% 8.4% 47.5% 5.4% 6. Gracilaria seaweeds 4 294 184

4.8% tonnes 7. Japanese carpet shell 4 188 348

8. Common carp 3 907 811 4.5% 9. Whiteleg shrimp 3 663 685 4.2% 4.1% 3.8% 10. Bighead carp 3 139 712 3.1% 3.6%

Other species 48 883 266

Top-10 ASFIS species items in Asia's aquaculture production value (2017)

1. Whiteleg shrimp 22 734 600

2. Grass carp(=White amur) 12 618 856

3. Silver carp 10 151 340

4. Red swamp crawfish 9 813 774 6.0% 5. Chinese mitten crab 9 540 416 10.8% 4.8% 6. Common carp 8 155 357 4.7% 53.2% 4.5%

7. Bighead carp 7 308 966 thousand USD thousand 8. Japanese carpet shell 6 810 484 3.9% 3.5% 9. Nile tilapia 5 970 612 3.2% 2.8% 10. Mandarin fish 5 701 556 2.7% Other species 112 215 872

103 Asia

5 189 5 290 4 974 4 641 Asia (2010–2050): 4 210 Population expected to reach 5.29 billion in 2050.

Urban population expected to 66.18 reach 66.18 percent in 2050. 56.65 61.63 51.08 48.80 44.75 48.86 48.98 49.14 49.26 Female population expected to reach 49.26 percent in 2050.

2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

Percentage of females (%) Percentage of urban population (%) Total population (million)

Data sources: United Nations World Population Prospects (2019 revision); United Nations World Urbanization Prospects (2018 revision). Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Population Module; see Template 1 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). 104 GDP per capita (current USD)

14 308 13 690 13 116 12 535 12 019 Asia (2018–2024): 11 222 11 320 Per capita GDP expected to reach USD 10 092 in 2024. 10 092 9 479 8 914 8 387 The 6.36 percent annual 7 896 growth in per capita GDP 6 972 7 185 during 2018–2014 higher than the 4.13 percent world average.

2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

World Asia

Data sources: Calculated by total GDP from IMF World Economic Outlook Database (April, 2019) divided by population from UN World Population Prospects (2019 Revision). Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI GDP Module (including calculation of GDP indicators at the regional/global level); see Template 4 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). 105 Asia: Aquaculture growth potential from the supply-side perspective

 Asia’s share in world aquaculture production tonnage Share of in 2017 (91.92 percent) is: Asia (2017) world total  Much greater than its share of world total land (%) area (including inland water surface) (23.85 Total land area (excluding coastal waters)1 23.85 percent). Surface area of inland waterbodies2 22.13  Much greater than its share of total world Total renewable water resources1 26.38 renewable water resources (26.38 percent). Population4 59.87  Much greater than its share in world 5 population (59.87 percent). Aquaculture production (all areas) 91.92 Aquaculture production (inland waters)5 92.51  Asia’s share in world inland aquaculture production in Aquaculture production (marine areas)5 91.44 2017 (92.51 percent) is much greater than its share Data sources: 1. FAO. 2016. AQUASTAT Main Database – Food and Agriculture Organization of world total inland water surface area (22.13 of the United Nations (FAO). Website accessed on 16 May 2019. percent). 2. FAOSTAT Land Cover database (updated June 2019; CCI_LC). 3. The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), United States of America. Website accessed on 20 May 2019; coastline length of world equal to the sum of coastline length of 265 countries and territories listed in the data source. 4. United Nations World Population Prospects (2019 revision). 5. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019).

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