DOCSLIB.ORG

Neo-Aramaic Animal Names

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Neo-Aramaic Animal Names Cambridge Semitic Languages and Cultures Studies in the Grammar and Lexicon Noorlander (eds) Khan and of Neo-Aramaic Studies in the Grammar and Geoffrey Khan and Paul M. Noorlander (eds) Lexicon of Neo-Aramaic EDITED BY GEOFFREY KHAN AND PAUL M. NOORLANDER The Neo-Aramaic dialects are modern vernacular forms of Aramaic, which has a documented history in the Middle East of over 3,000 years. Due to upheavals in the Middle East over the last one hundred years, thousands of speakers of Neo-Aramaic dialects have been forced to migrate from their homes or have perished in massacres. As a result, the dialects are now highly endangered. The dialects exhibit a remarkable diversity of structures. Moreover, the considerable depth of attestation of Aramaic from earlier periods provides evidence for the pathways of change. For these reasons the research of Neo-Aramaic is of importance for more general fields of linguistics, in particular language typology and historical linguistics. The papers in this volume represent the full range of Studies of Neo-Aramaic research that is currently being carried out on Neo-Aramaic dialects. They advance the field in numerous ways. In order to allow linguists who are not specialists in Neo-Aramaic to benefit from the papers, the examples are fully glossed. As with all Open Book publications, this entire book is available to read for free on the publisher’s website. Printed and digital editions, together with supplementary digital material, can also be found here: www.openbookpublishers.com Cover image: Women in the village of Harbole, south-eastern Turkey (photograph taken by Brunot Poizat in 1978 before the village’s destruction). Cover design: Anna Gatti book 5 ebooke and OA editions also available OBP https://www.openbookpublishers.com © 2021 Geoffrey Khan and Paul M. Noorlander. Copyright of individual chapters is maintained by the chapters’ authors. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (CC BY 4.0). This license allows you to share, copy, distribute and transmit the text; to adapt the text and to make commercial use of the text providing attribution is made to the authors (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Attribution should include the following information: Geoffrey Khan and Paul M. Noorlander (eds.), Studies in the Grammar and Lexicon of Neo- Aramaic. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2021, https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0209 In order to access detailed and updated information on the license, please visit, https:// doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0209#copyright Further details about CC BY licenses are available at, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/4.0/ All external links were active at the time of publication unless otherwise stated and have been archived via the Internet Archive Wayback Machine at https://archive.org/web Updated digital material and resources associated with this volume are available at https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0209#resources Every effort has been made to identify and contact copyright holders and any omission or error will be corrected if notification is made to the publisher. ISBN Paperback: 978-1-78374-947-8 ISBN Hardback: 978-1-78374-948-5 Semitic Languages and Cultures 5. ISBN Digital (PDF): 978-1-78374-949-2 ISSN (print): 2632-6906 ISBN Digital ebook (epub): 978-1-78374-950-8 ISSN (digital): 2632-6914 ISBN Digital ebook (mobi): 978-1-78374-951-5 ISBN Digital (XML): 978-1-78374-952-2 DOI: 10.11647/OBP.0209 Cover image: Women in the village of Harbole, south-eastern Turkey (photograph taken by Brunot Poizat in 1978 before the village’s destruction). Cover design: Anna Gatti NEO-ARAMAIC ANIMAL NAMES Hezy Mutzafi 1. Aspects of Neo-Aramaic Animal Names in Scholarly Literature1 The topic of animal names in the field of Neo-Aramaic (NA) has hardly attracted any scholarly interest, nor is there any lexicological work dedicated to this topic� This is in contrast with the better investigated subject of some animal names in pre-modern Aramaic languages, the most noteworthy works in this respect being Löw’s comparative studies in Aramaic names of fishes, reptiles and amphibians (Löw 1906, 1909a, 1909b, 1912a, 1912b), and Talshir’s comparative work on animal names in the Samaritan Aramaic version of the Pentateuch (Talshir 1981). These works contain some references to NENA animal names mentioned in scholarly literature, primarily in Maclean’s 1 Data on Neo-Aramaic regional varieties is fieldwork-based, unless a reference is adduced, and except for Western Neo-Aramaic, based on Arnold (2019). Abbreviations: Ar. = Arabic, Aram. = Aramaic, BH = Biblical Hebrew, C. = Christian (NENA dialect), dim.suff. = diminutive suffix, J. = Jewish (NENA dialect), JBA = Jewish Babylonian Aramaic, JPA = Jewish Palestinian Aramaic, Kurd. = Kurdish, lit. = literally, NA = Neo-Aramaic, NENA = North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic, NM = Neo- Mandaic, post-cl. M = post-classical (literary) Mandaic, pre-mod. = pre-modern, NA = Neo-Aramaic, Pers. = (modern) Persian, Sam�Aram� = Samaritan Aramaic, st. abs. = status absolutus, st. emph. = status emphaticus, Syr. = Syriac, Trg.O = Targum Onkelos, Ṭur. = Ṭuroyo, WNA = Western Neo-Aramaic. Main sources for pre-modern Aramaic are Cook (2008), DJBA, DJPA, LS, SL, Thesaurus; for Akkadian CAD, AHw; and for Kurdish Chyet (2003), İzoli (1992) and Omar (1992). © Hezy Mutzafi,CC BY 4�0 https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP�0209�13 Remarks on Selected Exponents of the 208-Swadesh List in Ṭuroyo 387 Khan, Geoffrey� 2008� The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Barwar. Leiden, Boston: Brill. ———. 2016. The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of the Assyrian Christians of Urmi� Leiden, Boston: Brill. Kogan, Leonid� 2015� Genealogical Classification of Semitic. The Lexical Isoglosses� Boston; Berlin: De Gruyter. Ritter, Hellmut. 1967. Ṭūrōyo. Die Volkssprache der syrischen Christen des Ṭūr ʿAbdîn. A: Texte. Band I. Beirut: Franz Steiner Verlag. ———. 1969. Ṭūrōyo. Die Volkssprache der syrischen Christen des Ṭūr ʿAbdîn. A: Texte. Band II. Beirut: Franz Steiner Verlag. ———. 1971. Ṭūrōyo. Die Volkssprache der syrischen Christen des Ṭūr ʿAbdîn. A: Texte. Band III. Beirut: Franz Steiner Verlag. Tezel, Aziz� 2003� Comparative Etymological Studies in the Western Neo-Syriac (Ṭūrōyo) Lexicon. Uppsala: Uppsala Universitet. 386 Studies in the Grammar and Lexicon of Neo-Aramaic LB Talay, Shabo. 2004. Lebendig Begraben. Münster: Lit Verlag� MD Drower, Ethel Stefana and Rudolf Macuch. 1962. A Mandaic Dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Nöldeke Nöldeke, Theodor� 1966� Kurzgefasste syrische Grammatik. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft. Reprint. PrS Prym, Eugen and Albert Socin. 1881. Der Neu- Aramaeische Dialekt des Ṭûr ’Abdîn. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. RW Ritter, Hellmut. 1979. Ṭūrōyo� Die Volkssprache der syrischen Christen des Ṭūr ʿAbdîn. B: Wörterbuch, Beirut: Franz Steiner Verlag. SL Sokoloff, Michael. 2009. A Syriac Lexicon� Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns. VW Vocke Sibylle and Wolfram Waldner. 1981. Der Wortschatz des Anatolischen Arabisch. 1981. Tl. I–II. Nürnberg. Bibliography Barsky, Eugene, Yulia Furman and Sergey Loesov. 2018. ‘Two-Hundred-Word Swadesh List for a Modern Aramaic Variety (Ṭuroyo)’. In Aula Orientalis 36/1: 75–110. Beyer, Klaus. 1984. Die aramäischen Texte vom Toten Meer: samt den Inschriften aus Palästina, dem Testament Levis aus der Kairoer Genisa, der Fastenrolle und den alten talmudischen Zitaten. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. Fitzmyer, Joseph. 1979. ‘The Phases of the Aramaic Language’. In A Wandering Aramean: Collected Aramaic Essays by Joseph A. Fitzmyer, pp. 57–84. Missoula, MT: Scholars Press. Grigore, George 2007� L’arabe parlé à Mardin: Monographie d’un parler arabe «périphérique». Bucureşti: Editura Universităṭii din Bucureşti. Remarks on Selected Exponents of the 208-Swadesh List in Ṭuroyo 385 Glossing Abbreviations not in the Leipzig Glossing List dm discourse marker exist existential ez ezafe pn personal name poss possessive suffix pret preterite Bibliographical Abbreviations Chyet Chyet, Michael L� 2003� Kurdish-English Dictionary� New Haven and London: Yale University Press. DAS Barthélemy, Adrien. 1969. Dictionnaire Arabe- Français. Dialectes de Syrie: Alep, Damas, Liban, Jérusalem. Paris: Librairie Orientaliste Paul Geuthner. DJBA Sokoloff, Michael. 2002. A Dictionary of Jewish Babylonian Aramaic of the Talmudic and Geonic Periods. Ramat-Gan, Israel: Bar Ilan University Press; Baltimore; London: The John Hopkins University Press� DMWA Wehr, Hans� 1979� A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic. Edited by J. Milton Cowan. 4th edition� Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. EALL Encyclopedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics� Leiden, Boston: Brill. 2006–2009. JL Jastrow, Otto� 2002� Lehrbuch der Ṭuroyo-Sprache� Wiesbaden: Harrasowitz Verlag. Kinderib Jastrow, Otto� 2005� Glossar zu Kinderib (Anatolisches Arabisch). Wiesbaden: Harrasowitz Verlag. 384 Studies in the Grammar and Lexicon of Neo-Aramaic ḥurma < Arab.: ḥurma ‘that which is holy, inviolable; woman, lady, wife’ (DMWA 201); ḥərme (pl� ḥarīm) ‘femme (appartenant à un homme)’ in Mardin Arabic (Grigore 2007, 196); ḥərme, pl� ḥəram ‘femme’, lat� fœmina, mulier, uxor (DAS 154). pire < Kurd.: pîr ‘old woman; wife’ (Chyet 464). žənəke < Kurd.: jin ‘woman; wife, married woman’ (Chyet 290). The source form must be the indefinite oblique jinekê� Abbreviations Languages and Dialects Arab. Arabic Ḥwo Iḥwo Kurd. Kurdish (Kurmanji) MEA Middle Eastern Aramaic NENA North Eastern Neo-Aramaic PS Proto-Semitic S Sedari Tur. Ṭuroyo A Arkaḥ XK Xarabe
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Turkish Language As a Politicized Element: the Case of Turkish Nation-Building
    GeT MA Working Paper Series No. 15 2018 Turkish Language as a Politicized Element: The Case of Turkish Nation-Building TOLGA SEVIN GeT MA Working Paper Series Department of Social Sciences Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Unter den Linden 6, 10099 Berlin www.sowi.hu-berlin.de/getma [email protected] TOLGA SEVIN GET MA WP 15/2018 GeT MA Working Paper Series Published by the German Turkish Masters Program of Social Sciences (GeT MA), Department of Social Sciences at Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. Papers in this series are the final theses of GeT MA graduates. Publication in this series does not preclude a later publication elsewhere. The views expressed in the GeT MA Working Paper Series are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of the GeT MA Program or of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. The copyright stays with the author(s). Copyright for this paper: Tolga Sevin Please cite in the following format: Sevin, Tolga (2018): Turkish Language as a Politicized Element: The Case of Turkish Nation-Building. GeT MA Working Paper No. 15, Department of Social Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. [online] Homepage: Edoc Server Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. URL: http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/series/getmaseries Corresponding authors: Tolga Sevin, Master of Social Science, German Turkish Masters Program, Institut für Sozialwissenschaften, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, 10099 Berlin. Tolga Sevin, born in Ankara, studied at Bilkent University, Middle East Technical University, and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin. He lives in Berlin. This thesis is dedicated to Müfit Kulen.
    [Show full text]
  • GRAMMAR of SOLRESOL Or the Universal Language of François SUDRE
    GRAMMAR OF SOLRESOL or the Universal Language of François SUDRE by BOLESLAS GAJEWSKI, Professor [M. Vincent GAJEWSKI, professor, d. Paris in 1881, is the father of the author of this Grammar. He was for thirty years the president of the Central committee for the study and advancement of Solresol, a committee founded in Paris in 1869 by Madame SUDRE, widow of the Inventor.] [This edition from taken from: Copyright © 1997, Stephen L. Rice, Last update: Nov. 19, 1997 URL: http://www2.polarnet.com/~srice/solresol/sorsoeng.htm Edits in [brackets], as well as chapter headings and formatting by Doug Bigham, 2005, for LIN 312.] I. Introduction II. General concepts of solresol III. Words of one [and two] syllable[s] IV. Suppression of synonyms V. Reversed meanings VI. Important note VII. Word groups VIII. Classification of ideas: 1º simple notes IX. Classification of ideas: 2º repeated notes X. Genders XI. Numbers XII. Parts of speech XIII. Number of words XIV. Separation of homonyms XV. Verbs XVI. Subjunctive XVII. Passive verbs XVIII. Reflexive verbs XIX. Impersonal verbs XX. Interrogation and negation XXI. Syntax XXII. Fasi, sifa XXIII. Partitive XXIV. Different kinds of writing XXV. Different ways of communicating XXVI. Brief extract from the dictionary I. Introduction In all the business of life, people must understand one another. But how is it possible to understand foreigners, when there are around three thousand different languages spoken on earth? For everyone's sake, to facilitate travel and international relations, and to promote the progress of beneficial science, a language is needed that is easy, shared by all peoples, and capable of serving as a means of interpretation in all countries.
    [Show full text]
  • 11 Lewis 1749.Indd
    GEOFFREY LEWIS Geoffrey Lewis Lewis 1920–2008 I. Life PROFESSOR GEOFFREY LEWIS LEWIS, a pioneer in Turkish Studies in Britain and an internationally admired scholar in the fi eld, was born in London on 19 June 1920. He received his schooling at University College School in Hampstead, following which, in 1938, he went up to St John’s College Oxford to read Classics. Having sat Honour Moderations in the spring of 1940, he joined the Royal Air Force in September of that year and served until 1945: he qualifi ed for his BA by War Decree and subsequently received his MA in 1945. At some point during his study for Honour Mods, his Latin tutor, sensing that he was getting stale, suggested that he take up Turkish as a hobby—it seems that the choice of Turkish came to him on the spur of the moment. Geoffrey took it seriously, however, and the opportunity to act on it came when he was posted to Egypt as a radar operator. He made contact with an elderly Turk in Alexandria, through whom, and through the painstaking comparison of classic English texts with their Turkish translations—these culled from the bookshops of London and sent to him by his wife, Raphaela, whom he had married in 1941—he taught him- self Turkish. Returning to Oxford in 1945, and by now wholly won over to Turkish, he consulted the Laudian Professor of Arabic, [Sir] Hamilton Gibb, FBA, who welcomed the prospect of expanding the curriculum in Oriental Studies to include Turkish but recommended that Geoffrey read for the BA in Arabic and Persian as essential background to the serious study of Turkish historically as well as in its modern form.
    [Show full text]
  • 52927457.Pdf
    THE CULTURAL POLICIES OF THE TURKISH REPUBLIC DURING THE ESTABLISHMENT OF NATION STATE (1923- 1938) The Institute of Economics and Social Sciences of Bilkent University by iPEK KAMACI Io Partial Fulfillment Of The Requirements For The Degree Of MASTER OF ARTS IN POLITICAL SCIENCE AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION in THE DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION BILKENT UNIVERSITY ANKARA February,2000 The.sis bf )30 , K.3' .2t;oo .E,c50.c;\O I certify that l have read this thesis and in my opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and in quality, as a th~sis for the degree of Master of Arts in Political Science and Public Administrati n. Assistant Professor Orhan Tekelioglu l certify that l have read this thesis and in my opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and in quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of Arts in Political Science and Public Administration. I certify that I have read this thesis and in my opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and in quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of Arts in Political Science and Public Administration. Dr.Me Approval of the Institute of Economics and Social Sciences Prof. Dr. Ali Karaosmanoglu ABSTRACT THE CULTURAL POLICIES OF THE TURKISH REPUBLIC DURING THE ESTABLISHMENT OF NATION STA TE (1923 - 1938) ipek KAMACI Department of Political Science and Public Administration Supervisor: Asst. Prof Orhan TEKEUOGLU February, 2000 This study aims to analyse the understanding of cultural politics during the establishment period of Turkish Republic. It is argued that this understanding of culturai politics is ideologically shaped by Kemalism that maintains Ziya Gokalp's separation of culture and civilization.
    [Show full text]
  • Köksal, Özlem. "Memory, Identity: the Turkish Context." Aesthetics of Displacement: Turkey and Its Minorities on Screen
    Köksal, Özlem. "Memory, Identity: The Turkish Context." Aesthetics of Displacement: Turkey and its Minorities on Screen. New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 2016. 1–24. Topics and Issues in National Cinema. Bloomsbury Collections. Web. 26 Sep. 2021. <http:// dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781501306471.ch-001>. Downloaded from Bloomsbury Collections, www.bloomsburycollections.com, 26 September 2021, 08:14 UTC. Copyright © Özlem Köksal 2016. You may share this work for non-commercial purposes only, provided you give attribution to the copyright holder and the publisher, and provide a link to the Creative Commons licence. 1 Memory, Identity: The Turkish Context During the 1980s and 1990s, Turkey witnessed major social, economic, and cultural changes. The neo-liberal policies introduced after the 1980s, within a framework of a rapidly globalizing world, inevitably caused profound changes in the country. On the one hand, the process of joining the European Union (EU), and the constitutional changes required by the process known as the Copenhagen Criteria, brought more freedom of speech to the country, compared to the restricted civil liberties during the military regime of the early 1980s. This process, according to Ayşe Kadıoğlu, introduced “some of the most important parliamentary reforms toward the acknowledgment of different religious and ethnic identities in Turkey” (Kadıoğlu 2007: 292).1 On the other hand, the neo-liberal economic transformation resulted, much like everywhere else in the world, in an uneven distribution of wealth, making the gap between rich and poor wider. The process of globalization, and the rapid change in economic and social life, arguably created a rupture in the belief in the promise of the future, and resulted in people enquiring about the past in order to redefine their relationship, not just to the past, but also to the present.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Article (PDF)
    RECENT PUBLICATIONS ON SYRIAC TOPICS: 2018* SEBASTIAN P. BROCK, UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD GRIGORY KESSEL, AUSTRIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES AND UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER SERGEY MINOV, UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD Books Acharya, F., Psalmic Odes from Apostolic Times: An Indian Monk’s Meditation (Bengaluru: ATC Publishers, 2018). Adelman, S., After Saturday Comes Sunday (Piscataway, New Jersey: Gorgias Press, 2018). Alobaidi, T., and Dweik, B., Language Contact and the Syriac Language of the Assyrians in Iraq (Saarbrücken, Germany: Lambert Academic Publishing, 2018). Andrade, N.J., The Journey of Christianity to India in Late Antiquity: Networks and the Movement of Culture (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018). Aravackal, R., The Mystery of the Triple Gradated Church: A Theological Analysis of the Kṯāḇā d-Massqāṯā (Book of Steps) with Particular Reference to the Writing of Aphrahat and John the Solitary (Oriental Institute of Religious Studies India Publications 437; Kottayam, India: Oriental Institute of Religious Studies, 2018). Aydin, G. (ed.), Syriac Hymnal According to the Rite of the Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch (Teaneck, New Jersey: Beth Antioch Press / Syriac Music Institute, 2018). Bacall, J., Chaldean Iraqi American Association of Michigan (Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing, 2018). * The list of publications is based on the online Comprehensive Bibliography on Syriac Christianity, supported by the Center for the Study of Christianity at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (http://www.csc.org.il/db/db.aspx?db=SB). Suggested additions and corrections can be sent to: [email protected] 235 236 Bibliographies Barry, S.C., Syriac Medicine and Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq’s Arabic Translation of the Hippocratic Aphorisms (Journal of Semitic Studies Supplement 39; Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018).
    [Show full text]
  • The Book of Abstracts
    THE BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Editor: Ferit Kılıçkaya, Ph.D. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University ____________________________________ Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Department of Foreign Language Education Burdur, TURKEY May 12 – 14, 2016 The 5th International Conference on Language, Literature and Culture [ THE BOOK OF ABSTRACTS ] Editor: Ferit Kılıçkaya, Ph.D. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University ____________________________________ Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Department of Foreign Language Education Burdur, TURKEY May 12 – 14, 2016 i Published by the Department of Foreign Language Education, Faculty of Education, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, TURKEY Original material in this book of abstracts may be reproduced with the permission of the publisher, provided that (1) the material is not reproduced for sale or profitable gain, (2) the author is informed, and (3) the material is prominently identified as coming from the 5th International Conference in Language, Literature and Culture: The Book of Abstracts. The authors are responsible for the contents of their abstracts and warrant that their abstract is original, has not been previously published, and has not been simultaneously submitted elsewhere. The views expressed in the abstracts in this publication are those of the individual authors and are not necessarily shared by the editor or the reviewers. ©2016 Department of Foreign Language Education, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University ISBN: 9786058327900 ii HONORARY COMMITTEE Hasan Kürklü, Governor of Burdur Ali Orkun Ercengiz, Mayor of Burdur Prof. Dr. Adem
    [Show full text]
  • A Pipeline for Computational Historical Linguistics
    A Pipeline for Computational Historical Linguistics Lydia Steiner Peter F. Stadler Bioinformatics Group, Interdisciplinary Bioinformatics Group, University of Center for Bioinformatics, University of Leipzig, Interdisciplinary Center for Leipzig ∗ Bioinformatics, University of Leipzig∗; Max-Planck-Institute for Mathematics in the Science; Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology; Center for non-coding RNA in Technology and Health, University of Copenhagen; Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna; Santa Fe Institute Michael Cysouw Research unit Quantitative Language Comparison, LMU München ∗∗ There are many parallels between historical linguistics and molecular phylogenetics. In this paper we describe an algorithmic pipeline that mimics, as closely as possible, the traditional workflow of language reconstruction known as the comparative method. The pipeline consists of suitably modified algorithms based on recent research in bioinformatics, that are adapted to the specifics of linguistic data. This approach can alleviate much of the laborious research needed to establish proof of historical relationships between languages. Equally important to our proposal is that each step in the workflow of the comparative method is implemented independently, so language specialists have the possibility to scrutinize intermediate results. We have used our pipeline to investigate two groups of languages, the Tsezic languages from the Caucasus and the Mataco-Guaicuruan languages from South America, based on the lexical data from the Intercontinental Dictionary Series (IDS). The results of these tests show that the current approach is a viable and useful extension to historical linguistic research. 1. Introduction Molecular phylogenetics and historical linguistics are both concerned with the recon- struction of evolutionary histories, the former of biological organisms, the latter of human languages.
    [Show full text]
  • Swadesh Lists Are Not Long Enough: Drawing Phonological Generalizations from Limited Data
    Language Documentation and Description ISSN 1740-6234 ___________________________________________ This article appears in: Language Documentation and Description, vol 16. Editor: Peter K. Austin Swadesh lists are not long enough: Drawing phonological generalizations from limited data RIKKER DOCKUM & CLAIRE BOWERN Cite this article: Rikker Dockum & Claire Bowern (2018). Swadesh lists are not long enough: Drawing phonological generalizations from limited data. In Peter K. Austin (ed.) Language Documentation and Description, vol 16. London: EL Publishing. pp. 35-54 Link to this article: http://www.elpublishing.org/PID/168 This electronic version first published: August 2019 __________________________________________________ This article is published under a Creative Commons License CC-BY-NC (Attribution-NonCommercial). The licence permits users to use, reproduce, disseminate or display the article provided that the author is attributed as the original creator and that the reuse is restricted to non-commercial purposes i.e. research or educational use. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ ______________________________________________________ EL Publishing For more EL Publishing articles and services: Website: http://www.elpublishing.org Submissions: http://www.elpublishing.org/submissions Swadesh lists are not long enough: Drawing phonological generalizations from limited data Rikker Dockum and Claire Bowern Yale University Abstract This paper presents the results of experiments on the minimally sufficient wordlist size for drawing phonological generalizations about languages. Given a limited lexicon for an under-documented language, are conclusions that can be drawn from those data representative of the language as a whole? Linguistics necessarily involves generalizing from limited data, as documentation can never completely capture the full complexity of a linguistic system. We performed a series of sampling experiments on 36 Australian languages in the Chirila database (Bowern 2016) with lexicons ranging from 2,000 to 10,000 items.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Creating Turkishness: an Examination of Turkish Nationalism Through Gök-Börü Güldeniz Kibris Sabanci University Spring 20
    CREATING TURKISHNESS: AN EXAMINATION OF TURKISH NATIONALISM THROUGH GÖK-BÖRÜ GÜLDEN İZ KIBRIS SABANCI UNIVERSITY SPRING 2005 1 CREATING TURKISHNESS: AN EXAMINATION OF TURKISH NATIONALISM THROUGH GÖK-BÖRÜ By GÜLDEN İZ KIBRIS Submitted to the Graduate School of Arts and Social Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Sabanci University Spring 2005 2 CREATING TURKISHNESS: AN EXAMINATION OF TURKISH NATIONALISM THROUGH GÖK-BÖRÜ APPROVED BY: Assoc. Prof. Halil Berktay (Thesis Supervisor) ........................................................ Asst. Prof. Y. Hakan Erdem ....................................................... Asst. Prof. E. Burak Arıkan ......................................................... DATE OF APPROVAL: 12 August 2005 3 © GÜLDEN İZ KIBRIS 2005 All Rights Reserved 4 Abstract CREATING TURKISHNESS: AN EXAMINATION OF TURKISH NATIONALISM THROUGH GÖK-BÖRÜ Güldeniz Kıbrıs History, M.A. Thesis Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Halil Berktay 2005, ix + 113 pages This M.A. thesis attempts to exhibit the cross-fertilization between the Pan- Turkist and Kemalist varieties of Turkish nationalism through their definitions of ‘Turkishness.’ In the same vein with contemporary nationalisms, the late Ottoman/Republican nationalist elite created ‘Turkishness’ by referring to a mythical past. In that creation process, the Pan-Turkist and Kemalist nationalist discourses historically developed in the same pool and used similar intellectual sources. Though their ultimate goals were different, the two varieties scrutinized very similar racist and nationalist references in their imaginations of Turkish identity as racially superior. In the name of revealing the similarities and differences, a Pan-Turkist journal, Gök-Börü [Grey Wolf] has been examined. Published and edited by Reha Oğuz Türkkan, the journal appeared between 1942 and 1943 as a byproduct of the special aggressive international environment.
    [Show full text]
  • The Armenian Weekly APRIL 26, 2008
    Cover 4/11/08 8:52 PM Page 1 The Armenian Weekly APRIL 26, 2008 IMAGES PERSPECTIVES RESEARCH WWW.ARMENIANWEEKLY.COM Contributors 4/13/08 5:48 PM Page 3 The Armenian Weekly RESEARCH PERSPECTIVES 6 Nothing but Ambiguous: The Killing of Hrant Dink in 34 Linked Histories: The Armenian Genocide and the Turkish Discourse—By Seyhan Bayrakdar Holocaust—By Eric Weitz 11 A Society Crippled by Forgetting—By Ayse Hur 38 Searching for Alternative Approaches to Reconciliation: A 14 A Glimpse into the Armenian Patriarchate Censuses of Plea for Armenian-Kurdish Dialogue—By Bilgin Ayata 1906/7 and 1913/4—By George Aghjayan 43 Thoughts on Armenian-Turkish Relations 17 A Deportation that Did Not Occur—By Hilmar Kaiser By Dennis Papazian 19 Scandinavia and the Armenian Genocide— 45 Turkish-Armenian Relations: The Civil Society Dimension By Matthias Bjornlund By Asbed Kotchikian 23 Organizing Oblivion in the Aftermath of Mass Violence 47 Thoughts from Xancepek (and Beyond)—By Ayse Gunaysu By Ugur Ungor 49 From Past Genocide to Present Perpetrator Victim Group 28 Armenia and Genocide: The Growing Engagement of Relations: A Philosophical Critique—By Henry C. Theriault Azerbaijan—By Ara Sanjian IMAGES ON THE COVER: Sion Abajian, born 1908, Marash 54 Photography from Julie Dermansky Photo by Ara Oshagan & Levon Parian, www.genocideproject.net 56 Photography from Alex Rivest Editor’s Desk Over the past few tographers who embark on a journey to shed rials worldwide, and by Rivest, of post- years, the Armenian light on the scourge of genocide, the scars of genocide Rwanda. We thank photographers Weekly, with both its denial, and the spirit of memory.
    [Show full text]
  • Racist Aspects of Modern Turkish Nationalism
    Racist Aspects of Modern Turkish Nationalism Ilia Xypolia University of Aberdeen, UK Abstract: This paper aims to challenge simplifications on race and racism in contemporary Turkish society. In doing so, it draws a macro-historical context wherein the racist component of the Turkish national identity had been shaped. The paper traces the emergence of the core racist elements in the beginning at the 20th century within the ideology propagated by the organisation of the Turkish Hearths (Türk Ocakları). The Turkish History Thesis with its emphasis on ‘race’ attempted to promote not only an affiliation but also a common ancestry between Turkish and Western Civilisation. These arguments were backed by commissioning research carried out in the fields of Anthropology, Archaeology and Linguistics. The main argument of this paper is that the racist components of the national identity in Turkey have been the product of a Eurocentric understanding of world history by consecutive nationalist leaders. Keywords: Racism, Eurocentrism, Nationalism, Whiteness, Turkey. An important but significantly under-researched theme of Turkish national identity over the course of the last 100 years has been its racist elements. Indeed, historians and other social scientists have paid little attention to the racist and racial elements in the shaping of the Turkish national identity. The scholars that have examined related issues seem to have solely focused on Turkish state’s treatment of its own ethnic minorities, notably the Kurds, the Armenians, the Jewish population of 1 Turkey and the Greeks. Many official accounts and historical narratives of Turkish nationalism and its practices omit to fully grasp the development of the ideas based on Turkishness as a ‘pure race’.
    [Show full text]