Evaluation of the Main Achievements of Cohesion Policy Programmes and Projects Over the Longer Term in 15 Selected Regions (From 1989-1993
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
EVALUATION OF THE MAIN ACHIEVEMENTS OF COHESION POLICY PROGRAMMES AND PROJECTS OVER THE LONGER TERM IN 15 SELECTED REGIONS (FROM 1989-1993 PROGRAMMING PERIOD TO THE PRESENT) (2011.CE.16.B.AT.015) CASE STUDY Nord-Pas-de-Calais Georges Mercier and Estelle Floirac 18 July 2013 European Policies Research Centre University of Strathclyde Graham Hills Building 40 George Street Glasgow G1 1QE United Kingdom Tel: +44-141-548 3339 Fax: +44-141-548 4898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] http://www.eprc.strath.ac.uk/eprc/ The University of Strathclyde is a charitable body, registered in Scotland, number SC01526 Evaluation of the main achievements of Cohesion policy programmes and projects over the longer term in 15 selected regions: Nord-Pas-de-Calais PREFACE This report presents the case study for Nord-Pas-de-Calais as part of the study ‘Evaluation of the Main Achievements of Cohesion policy Programmes over the Longer Term in 15 Selected Regions (from 1989-1993 programme period to the present)’ which is being managed by the European Policies Research Centre and London School of Economics. The research was conducted between May and September 2012. This case study has been drafted by Dr Georges Mercier and Estelle Floirac. The authors are grateful to a considerable number of individuals in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais who participated in the study and provided valuable insights as well as assistance in tracking down other interviewees. The complete list of interviewees is listed in Annex IV at the end of the report. LSE i EPRC Evaluation of the main achievements of Cohesion policy programmes and projects over the longer term in 15 selected regions: Nord-Pas-de-Calais LSE ii EPRC Evaluation of the main achievements of Cohesion policy programmes and projects over the longer term in 15 selected regions: Nord-Pas-de-Calais Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................. 1 1. Introduction .............................................................................................. 5 2. Regional context and analysis of needs ........................................................... 7 3. Programme evolution and relevance ............................................................. 23 3.1 Explicit and implicit strategies and their evolution ................................................. 23 3.1.1 Facing the direct consequences of a severe economic and structural crisis: 1989-93 .... 23 3.1.2 Stronger intervention requires stronger strategies: 1994-99 ................................. 27 3.1.3 Towards diversification and new development perspectives: 2000-06 ...................... 31 3.1.4 Transformation, realism and critical choices: 2007-13 ........................................ 34 3.2 Relevance of programmes to regional needs ......................................................... 36 4. Expenditure analysis ................................................................................. 43 4.1 Financial allocations ...................................................................................... 43 4.2 Expenditure compared with allocations ............................................................... 44 4.2.1 Evolution of actual expenditure over time in the eight selected thematic axes.......... 44 4.2.2 Comparison between intended and actual allocations ......................................... 46 5. Achievements analysis .............................................................................. 49 5.1 Reported & actual achievements ....................................................................... 49 5.1.1 Programme-level achievements .................................................................... 49 5.1.2 Analysis by theme ..................................................................................... 58 5.1.3 Institutional factors affecting achievements .................................................... 84 5.2 Complementarities and synergies................................................................. 85 5.2.1 Complementarity between ERDF-funded programmes ......................................... 85 5.2.2 Complementarity with domestic regional policy ................................................ 86 6. ASSESSMENT OF ACHIEVEMENTS AGAINST OBJECTIVES AND NEEDS (EFFECTIVENESS AND UTILITY) ...................................................................................................... 91 6.1 Overall achievements of ERDF programmes measured against programme objectives (effectiveness) .......................................................................................... 91 6.2 Overall contribution of ERDF programmes to regional development (utility) ................ 103 6.3 Key elements of success and failure ................................................................. 112 6.3.1 Good practices and successes ..................................................................... 112 6.3.2 Bad practices and failings.......................................................................... 114 7. Conclusions ........................................................................................... 117 7.1 EQ1: To what extent did the programme address regional needs and problems over time? (Relevance) ............................................................................................ 117 7.2 EQ2: To what extent do ERDF achievements meet regional objectives and needs in each programme period and across all periods? ....................................................... 122 7.3 EQ3: What are the main lessons learnt on the effectiveness and utility of ERDF interventions? ......................................................................................... 130 8. Annex I – Analysis of project samples ........................................................... 135 8.1 Project: ‘Great Site Operation’ of the 2 Capes (Gris-Nez and Blanc-Nez) .................... 135 8.2 Project: Dourges’ logistic multimodal hub (Delta 3) .............................................. 137 8.3 Project: Roubaix’s ‘Piscine’: Andre Dilligent Museum of Art and Industry ................... 141 8.4 Project: Conversion of mining heap n°9-9 in Oignies (62) ....................................... 143 9. Annex II – structure of programmes 1989-2013 in Nord-Pas-de-Calais .................. 147 10. Annex III: Reported achievements ............................................................... 155 LSE iii EPRC Evaluation of the main achievements of Cohesion policy programmes and projects over the longer term in 15 selected regions: Nord-Pas-de-Calais 10.1 1989-93 Regional Operational Programme .......................................................... 155 10.2 1994-99 Regional Operational Programmes ......................................................... 156 10.3 2000-06 Regional Operational Programmes ......................................................... 158 10.4 2007-13 Regional Operational Programme .......................................................... 166 11. Annex IV: List of interviewees .................................................................... 167 12. Annex V: Overview of sourceS used for the case study .................................... 169 13. Annex VI: References ............................................................................... 171 14. Annex VII: Summary of survey results .......................................................... 177 15. Annex VIII: Workshop Participants ............................................................... 181 LSE iv EPRC Evaluation of the main achievements of Cohesion policy programmes and projects over the longer term in 15 selected regions: Nord-Pas-de-Calais Figures and tables Figure 1: Evolution of GDP per capita in Nord-Pas-de-Calais 12 Figure 2: Evolution of unemployment in Nord-Pas-de-Calais (Eurostat) 13 Figure 3: Evolution of the density of motorways and railway networks in Nord-Pas-de-Calais 15 Figure 4: Evolution of the structure of employment in Nord-Pas-de-Calais between 1975 and 2007 26 Figure 5: Annualised actual expenditure (2000 prices 50 Figure 6: Expenditure by measure target/need and programme period (in million Euros, 2000 prices) 51 Figure 7: Allocations and expenditure by thematic axis across regional programmes 51 Figure 8: Expenditure in eight thematic priorities (in million Euros, 2000 prices) 66 Table 1: Structure of programmes between 1989 and 1991 29 Table 2: Summary of programme priorities between 1989 and 1993 30 Table 3: Structure and priorities of programmes between 1994 and 1999 32 Table 4: Summary of programmes priorities between 1994 and 1999 34 Table 5: Summary of programme objectives and priorities between 2000 and 2006 37 Table 6: Summary of programme objectives and priorities between 2007 and 2013 39 Table 7: Comparison of regional needs and programme responses 45 Table 8: Needs and imputed objectives for eight thematic axes 47 Table 9: ERDF and ESF allocations 1989-2013 (in million Euros, 2000 prices) 49 Table 10: 1989-1993 Programme - Main output indicators 58 Table 11: 1994-1999 Programme - Objective 1 - Main output indicators 60 Table 12: 1994-1999 Programme - Objective 2 - Main output indicators (Ex-post Evaluation 60 Table 13: 1997-1999 Programme - Objective 2 - Main output indicators (Final Implementation Report) 61 Table 14: 2000-2006 Programme - Objective 1 - Main output indicators 63 Table 15: 2000-2006 Programme – Objective 2 - Main output indicators 63 Table 16: Objective 2 (2007-13)