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A Metro for Wales' Capital City Region

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A Metro for Wales' Capital City Region A Metro for Wales’ Capital City Region Connecting Cardiff, Newport and the Valleys Mark Barry Ebbw Vale Tredegar Rhymney Abertillery Merthyr aun Hirw Pontypool dy Maer Newbridge Treherbert aith an Pontllanfr Cwmbr Ystrad s Mynach/ Cros Hengoed Keys Pontypridd Caerphilly Porth e Beddau Cardi Gat Newport Heath on rn teg Llantrisant Coryt Seve Maes Queen ern Tunnel Street Llanw Miskin ff ernew Junction Cardi al oedk Centr sC St Mellon Bridgend erhouse Roath Basin Culv s Cros Penarth Barry Cardi Airport The Cardiff Business Partnership consists of leading The Institute of Welsh Affairs exists to promote employers in the Capital of Wales. Its mission is to quality research and informed debate affecting the represent leading businesses in the Capital, ensuring cultural, social, political and economic well-being of that the views of business and enterprise are at the Wales. IWA is an independent organisation owing heart of the development of Cardiff as a competitive no allegiance to any political or economic interest global location. The Partnership aims to identify key group. Our only interest is in seeing Wales flourish as issues facing the capital’s economy. Through its a country in which to work and live. We are funded members who represent some of the city’s largest by a range of organisations and individuals, including employers, the Partnership has the unique ability to go the Joseph Rowntree Charitable Trust, the Esmée beyond advocacy to action. Fairbairn Foundation, the Waterloo Foundation, and PricewaterhouseCoopers. The Partnership also serves as a resource of expertise For more information about the Institute, its and creative thinking for policy makers, media and publications, and how to join, either as an individual or others concerned with taking forward the Cardiff and corporate supporter, contact: Wales economy. The Partnership seeks to influence policy by presenting the views of leading businesses, IWA - Institute of Welsh Affairs sponsoring research, and bringing together experts and 4 Cathedral Road, Cardiff CF11 9LJ leaders in city development issues. T: 029 2066 0820 Its members include: F: 029 2023 3741 – Admiral E: [email protected] – Boomerang – Freshwater www.iwa.org.uk – GrantThornton www.clickonwales.org – Hugh James Solicitors – Legal & General – Media Wales – PriceWaterhouseCoopers – Principality Building Society – S A Brain & Co. – Tata – Tesco. www.cardiffbusinesspartnership.com Contents 2 The Author 3 Foreword 4 Summary 8 Reversing the Welsh economy’s long-term decline 10 The opportunity presented by the Capital City region 13 A transport vision for the Capital City Region 19 Cardiff: A radical idea for the Welsh economy 26 Current Capital City Region transport performance 33 What is needed to deliver a Capital City Region Metro 38 Next steps 40 Notes Acknowledgments The Author Mark Barry was born and grew up in Cardiff. He left in 1981 to study at Manchester University where he graduated in Physics and The Analysis of Science and Technology in 1985 before working in London and overseas in the IT/Software industry. From 1997, Mark spent five years in Management Consultancy working for the PA Consulting Group on projects for blue chip and government clients in both Europe and North America. In 2003 and after a short stay at the Welsh Development Agency, he founded and was Chief Executive of Cardiff Biotech Company, Q Chip Ltd. At the end of 2009, Mark founded Reagent Delivery Systems, another biotech company, focused on the opportunities presented by Point of Care Diagnostics. He also has his own consultancy business offering services including economic and transport policy development, programme management, business strategy, and fund raising, especially for new technology companies. [email protected] The Cardiff Business Partnership engaged Mark with the sponsorship of Admiral Insurance, to produce this publication. A Metro for Wales’ Capital City Region. 2/3 Acknowledgments & Foreword BirminghamBBirmin & West MMidlands <40 mins <60 mins <30 mins <80 mins <30 mins Swansea City Cardi CityCity BBrBristisi tooll City London & Region (pop. 0.5M) Regionn ReRegiongion (pop. >1.0M) Heathrow (pop. 1.4M) How the Great Western Rail Corridor could be by 2025. Foreword Around the world, the success of city region out in this paper. This would enable the Cardiff City economies is becoming increasingly dependent on Region population to travel far more quickly and high capacity, high quality, intra and inter regional easily, and also radically enhance connectivity with public transport systems. Leading city regions London and Heathrow. in the UK such as Manchester, Leeds, Sheffield, Given the evidence from around the world, the Nottingham and Edinburgh are pushing ahead with the Cardiff Business Partnership believes the delivery development and expansion of modern urban transit of this vision, combined with a coherent economic systems to boost their economies. Following the strategy for the wider city region, will make a example of many countries around the world, the UK significant contribution to improving Wales’ economic Government has also committed to link up England’s fortunes. Consequently, it should be a priority for the major cities with a High Speed Rail network. governments at both Cardiff and Westminster, and Today, in Wales, over 100,000 people commute for local authorities and the business community to into Cardiff and Newport from neighbouring authorities, promote this vision and bring it into reality. mainly by car, many of whom are employees of the Partnership’s member companies. This increasing level of commuting between Cardiff, Newport and their neighbouring towns and cities is critically dependent on the region’s transport infrastructure. Therefore, The Cardiff Business Partnership believes that Wales’s future economic growth David Stevens CBE, requires a new vision for the Capital’s connectivity Director, Cardiff Business Partnership and a recognition from the global evidence, that a thriving, connected city region can be an engine of Roy J Thomas, economic growth. Using the electrification of Great Director, Cardiff Business Partnership Western Main Line as a catalyst, it is time to develop and implement the ambitious transport vision set January 2011 Summary As a leading industrial and manufacturing nation of region that contains nearly half the Welsh population the past, it is disappointing that the performance of (see Figure 2). Its recent economic performance the Welsh economy has been surpassed by other demonstrates that it has the capability to improve the parts of the UK - a trend that goes back to the 1920s. economic fortunes of the entire city region. However, Governments, whether at Cardiff or London, of all some new, imaginative and perhaps ruthless policy parties, have attempted but failed to address a slow interventions are required to exploit this potential. inexorable decline in Wales’s relative wealth when There are many factors that influence the compared to the UK as a whole(See Figure 1). A economy. This paper focuses on one of the most new vision is now required. A philosophy which important, transport and its contribution to the has concentrated investment on need rather than economic performance of the Cardiff City Region, opportunity, has resulted in an economy plagued which is home to 1.4 million people in Cardiff, by homogenous mediocrity. More specifically, the Newport, the Vale of Glamorgan and the South Wales undoubted and well-intentioned efforts of a range Valleys. Whilst a good transport infrastructure does of public bodies in directing resources to address not guarantee economic success, it is also true that the problems of the south Wales valleys have not economic success can only occur where there is worked. Without a radical change in policy Wales, and a good transport infrastructure. Now is the time, especially the Valleys, will continue to under-perform therefore, to put the opportunity presented by Cardiff the rest of the UK. and its connectivity, both within the city region and Of course, some bright spots have emerged internationally, at the heart of economic policy. despite this depressing backdrop. Cardiff is a changing, dynamic and growing city within a wider city FIGURE 1: Long-term decline in Welsh GDP per head Index of Gross Domestic Product per Capita for Wales and London 1871-2007 (UK = 100) 170 160 150 140 130 120 London 110 Wales 100 x of GDP per Capita 90 Inde 80 70 0 0 0 0 0 70 70 191 18 19 1920 1930 1950 1880 1890 198 186 199 196 2010 1940 1900 2020 2000 Year Source: Based on Nicholas Crafts (2005) Regional GDP in Britain, 1871-911, Scottish Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 52, No. 1 A Metro for Wales’ Capital City Region. 4/5 Summary FIGURE 2: 1.4 million people live within 20 miles of Cardiff FIGURE 3: Illustrative Cardiff Metro Key features: Ebbw —Mix of electrified heavy rail, Hirwaun Merthyr RhymneyTredegar Vale light rail and bus rapid transit —Max 40 minute travel from Maerdy Abertillery periphery to Cardi or Newport —Max 15 minute wait at network Treherbert Pontypool periphery —Max 5 minute wait at network core —Other transport modes fully integrated with regard to timetables and ticketing Newbridge Pontllanfraith —Economic “regeneration” focussed on Cwmbran Cardi Central & key interchanges Pontypridd Ystrad Mynach/ Porth Hengoed Cross Maesteg Beddau Keys Llantrisant Caerphilly Miskin Coryton Heath Cardi Gate Bridgend Cardiff Queen Newport Central Street St Mellons Coedkernew Llanwern Severn Culverhouse Tunnel Major Station/Interchange Cross Junction Enhanced & Electrified Heavy Rail Roath Basin Penarth New Tram/Bus Rapid Transit Cardi Barry Airport GWML Corridor Upgrade priorities: ! 1. GWML electrification & new rolling stock 2. Upgrade sections for faster running (>140mph) 3. Direct Heathrow Access 4. Some new sections/4 tracking (eg Didcot-Swindon) Birmingham & 5. New Severn CrossingWest (perhaps Midlands over a Barrage) <40 mins <30 mins <80 mins <30 mins Swansea City Cardi CityCity BBrBristisi tooll City London & Region (pop. 0.5M) Regionn RegionRegion (pop. >1.0M) Heathrow (pop.
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