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Applicability of Siberian Placer Mining Technology to Alaska
MIRL Report No. 89 Applicability- - of Siberian Placer Mining Technology to Alaska Dr. Frank J. Skudrzyk, Project Manager E++W Engineering Consultants 461 1 Dartmouth Fairbanks, Alaska James C,Barker U.S. Bureau of Mines Alaska Field Operations Cenkr Fairbanks. Alaska Daniel E. Walsh School of Mineral Engineering University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks, Alaska Rocky MacDonald American Arctic Company Fairbanks, Alaska Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 9 1-6 1923 ISBN 0-911043-12-8 May, 1991 Published bv Mined Industry Research Laboratory 212 ONeill Building University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks, Alaska 99775-1 180 Alaska Science and Technology Foundation 550 West 7th Avenue Suite 360 Anchorage, Alaska 99501 ABSTRACT The result of Perestroyka and Glasnost has been an awakening of potential for cooperation between East and West. Nowhere has that been better demonstrated than between Alaska and Magadan Province, USSR. This report summarizes a one year effort financed by ASTF, with participation from several technical organizations, to establish contacts with the Siberian placer mining industry. The purpose of the project was to provide initial assessment of the Soviet technology for placer mining in permafrost. A ten day trip to Magadan province by an ASTF team and a similar length visit to Alaska by the Soviet mining group representing the All Union Scientific and Research Institute of Gold and Rare Metals, (VNII-I), Magadan are described. The report also reviews translated data on mining in permafrost and describes surface and underground placer mining technology developed by the Soviets. The report also lists relevant publications on Soviet mining research and state of the art Soviet mining technology and expertise. -
Soviet Wartime Management: the Role of Civil Defense in Leadership Continuity
,...- "'<;.' Ull C.:~Ul" U I .: ..2l. '\:: Central S GkJ ~ Intelligence ~~ Soviet Wartime Management: The Role of Civil Defense in Leadership Continuity Interagency Intelligence Memorandum Volume II-Analysis CIA HISTORiCAL REViEW PROGRAM RELEASE AS SANITIZED Tett Seeret Nll!M 8J-10005JX TCS J6tJI~J December 1983 rn"'' ~,... .._ Top Seuei Nl liM 83-10005JX SOVIET WARTIME MANAGEMENT: THE ROLE OF CIVIL DEF~NSE IN LEADERSHIP CONTINUITY VOLUME II-ANALYSIS Information available as of 25 October 1983 was used in the preparation of this Memorandum. TG& &GQl 8& TeF3 6cu et Tep Sec•o4 CONTENTS Page PURPOSE AND SCOPE....................................................................................... ix KEY JUDGMENTS ............................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER I. SOVIET STRATEGY FOR WARTIME MANAGEMENT...... I-1 A. Soviet Perceptions of Nuclear War ........................................................ I-1 B. Organizational Concepts.......................................................................... I-I CHAPTER II. WARTIME MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE........................... Il-l A. Influence of World War II ............................... :...................................... Il-l B. Peacetime Organizations and F~nctions ................................................ Il-l C. Organizations for the Transition to Wartime........................................ II-7 USSR Defense Council ........................................................................ II-7 Second Departments -
Chapter 10 Investigates How Increased Deliveries of Soviet Gas Became Highly Attractive Following the 1973/1974 Oil Crisis
Copyrighted material – 9781137293718 Contents List of Illustrations xi Foreword xiii 1 Introduction 1 Russia’s C ontested “ E nergy W eapon” 1 Soviet Natural Gas and the Hidden Integration of Europe 2 Dependence in the Making: A Systems Perspective 5 The Political Nature of the East-West Gas Trade 7 Outline of the Book 8 2 Before Siberia: The Rise of the Soviet Natural Gas Industry 13 Soviet Power and Natural Gas for the Whole Country 13 The Cold War Duel 15 Soviet System-Building: Interconnecting the Republics 20 The Rise and Stagnation of the Pipe and Equipment Industry 23 “A Big Surplus for Export”? 26 3 Toward an Export Strategy 31 From Central Asia to Siberia 31 Glavgaz and the West European Natural Gas Scene 34 Considering Exports: Opportunities and Risks 36 Seeking Cooperation with Italy and Austria 38 The Export Strategy Takes Shape 40 4 Austria: The Pioneer 45 The Austrian Fuel Complex: Nazi and Soviet Legacies 45 From SMV to ÖMV 46 Toward Imports: ÖMV versus Austria Ferngas 48 Rudolf Lukesch’s Vision 50 The Six-Days War as a Disturbing Event 55 Negotiating the Gas Price 58 The Contract 63 5 Bavaria’s Quest for Energy Independence 67 Natural Gas and the Politics of Isolation 67 Otto Schedl’s Struggle against North German Coal 69 Toward Gas Imports: Negotiating Algeria 70 Soviet Gas for Bavaria? The Austrian Connection 73 Manipulated Conditions 75 Egon Bahr and the Steel Companies as Supporters 79 vii Copyrighted material – 9781137293718 Copyrighted material – 9781137293718 viii Contents Alexei Sorokin’s Charm Offensive 81 The -
Perestroika and Priroda: Environmental Protection in the USSR
Pace Environmental Law Review Volume 5 Issue 2 Spring 1988 Article 2 April 1988 Perestroika and Priroda: Environmental Protection in the USSR Nicholas A. Robinson Pace University School of Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.pace.edu/pelr Recommended Citation Nicholas A. Robinson, Perestroika and Priroda: Environmental Protection in the USSR, 5 Pace Envtl. L. Rev. 351 (1988) Available at: https://digitalcommons.pace.edu/pelr/vol5/iss2/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the School of Law at DigitalCommons@Pace. It has been accepted for inclusion in Pace Environmental Law Review by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Pace. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PERESTROIKA AND PRIRODA: ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION IN THE USSR Nicholas A. Robinson* I. Introduction Environmental protection is becoming a substantial field of endeavor today in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). Soviets know the environment as priroda, a word which is literally translated as "nature," but whose meaning encompasses all aspects of life within the biosphere. Priroda connotes "mother nature," a nurturing and even moral realm, while also suggesting the ambient environment and all ecolog- ical systems." Protection of the environment has been elevated to a top priority in the Soviet Union because the Soviet's harm to prir'odathroughout that nation has become acute.2 In order to reverse pollution's environmentally- damaging trends, to stay the depletion of natural resources and to restore de- graded conditions resulting, from years of neglect during, the heavy and rapid industrialization in. -
Some Newly Uncovered Documents on North
COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT WORKING PAPER #53 North Korea's Efforts to Acquire Nuclear Technology and Nuclear Weapons: Evidence from Russian and Hungarian Archives By Balazs Szalontai and Sergey Radchenko August 2006 THE COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT WORKING PAPER SERIES Christian F. Ostermann, Series Editor This paper is one of a series of Working Papers published by the Cold War International History Project of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington, D.C. Established in 1991 by a grant from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Cold War International History Project (CWIHP) disseminates new information and perspectives on the history of the Cold War as it emerges from previously inaccessible sources on “the other side” of the post-World War II superpower rivalry. The project supports the full and prompt release of historical materials by governments on all sides of the Cold War, and seeks to accelerate the process of integrating new sources, materials and perspectives from the former “Communist bloc” with the historiography of the Cold War which has been written over the past few decades largely by Western scholars reliant on Western archival sources. It also seeks to transcend barriers of language, geography, and regional specialization to create new links among scholars interested in Cold War history. Among the activities undertaken by the project to promote this aim are a periodic BULLETIN to disseminate new findings, views, and activities pertaining to Cold War history; a fellowship program for young historians from the former Communist bloc to conduct archival research and study Cold War history in the United States; international scholarly meetings, conferences, and seminars; and publications. -
Republic of Angola Ministry of Environment FRAMEOWRK
Republic of Angola Ministry of Environment FRAMEOWRK REPORT ON ANGOLA’S BIODIVERSITY By: SOKI KUEDIKUENDA AND MIGUEL. N.G. XAVIER LUANDA, 2009 TECHINCAL TEAM: Copyright 2009 Ministry of Environment Street Frederic Engles Nº 98 Postal box 83 Luanda, Angola This report was compiled by Soki Kuedikuenda and Miguel Neto Gonçalves Xavier in order to be presented to the Conference of Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity. The presentation benefited from inputs by: • Nkosi Luyeye, Deputy director of the national Institute on Fisheries Research (INIP), Ministry of Fisheries; • Vangajala Soqui, head of department of Biology, Sciences Faculty, Agostinho Neto University; • Elisabeth Matos, Director of National Centre for Phito-genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture; • António Alcochete, Director of Centre for Scientific Research, Ministry of Sciences and Technology; • Maria Sardinha, Researcher of the National Institute for Fisheries Research. • Silvy Nsiangangu, Researcher of the National Institute for Fisheries Research. • Kavungu Paulo Marlon, National Director for Minerals, Ministry of geology and Mines; • Esperança Costa, Coordinator of the Botanical Centre, Science Faculty, Agostinho Neto University. The information contained in this publication may reproduced since the source is quoted. Legal deposit Number of copies Printing and finishing: Ponto Um. 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Angola’s biological diversity is one of the richest ones in Africa; this is due to various factors, whereby the main ones are: the country’s surface; geographical location; ecosystem diversity (land, marine and coastal) and the fact that Angola has been a refugee zone over the last glacial period. The land ecosystems are represented by four biomes. The most important one in terms of surface is the Zambezian biomes, which covers more than 85% of the national territory surface, while the Guinea-Congolese, though it represents only 10.7%, it contains the major wealth of the country. -
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I U.S
I I U. S. Strategies for Cooperation with I the Soviets on Ocean Science I Report of a Workshop held I 29-31 October 1991 I Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution I Woods Hole, MA 02543 I I Sponsored by I National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration via the Sea Grant Program, with support from the I National Science Foundation and the Office of the Oceanographer of the Navy I I A Report of Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution to the I National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Pursuant to NOAA Award No. NA16RG0527 -01 I I I I I I I I I The views of the workshop participants do not necessarily reflect the I official positions of the sponsoring agencies I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I U.S. STRATEGIES FOR COOPERATION WITH THE SOVIETS ON I OCEAN SCIENCE I TABLE OF CONTENTS I INTRODUCTION 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3 I WORKING GROUP REPORTS 7 Physical Oceanography 8 Geology & Geophysics 14 I Biogeochemistry 31 Acoustics 37 Space /Remote Sensing 44 I Arctic 56 I Marine Policy 66 STRATEGY APPROACHES AND CONCERNS 76 Academic Interests: Benefits and Problems 77 I U.S. Policy Perspectives 80 Cooperative Agreements and Government 82 Review Mechanisms I Science Sponsoring Agency Views 83 Strategies for Cooperation 84 I APPENDICES 87 A. Agenda 88 B. Attendees 91 I C. Institutional Agreements and Programs, D. James Baker 97 D. Cooperative Marine Science Program for the 106 I Black Sea, D. Aubrey et al. E. Intelligence Overview, R. Haver 122 F. Technology Transfer, A. -
Staking Claims to China's Borderland: Oil, Ores and State- Building In
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Staking Claims to China’s Borderland: Oil, Ores and State- building in Xinjiang Province, 1893-1964 A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History by Judd Creighton Kinzley Committee in charge: Professor Joseph Esherick, Co-chair Professor Paul Pickowicz, Co-chair Professor Barry Naughton Professor Jeremy Prestholdt Professor Sarah Schneewind 2012 Copyright Judd Creighton Kinzley, 2012 All rights reserved. The Dissertation of Judd Creighton Kinzley is approved and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: Co-chair Co- chair University of California, San Diego 2012 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page ................................................................................................................... iii Table of Contents ............................................................................................................... iv Acknowledgments.............................................................................................................. vi Vita ..................................................................................................................................... ix Abstract ................................................................................................................................x Introduction ..........................................................................................................................1 -
Glossary of Soviet Military and Related Abbreviations
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY TECHNICAL MANUAL GLOSSARY OF SOVIET MILITARY AND RELATED ABBREVIATIONS DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY FFEBRUARY 1957 TM 30-546 TECHNICAL MANUAL DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY No. 30-546 WASHINGTON 25, D. C., 31 December 1956 GLOSSARY OF SOVIET MILITARY AND RELATED ABBREVIATIONS Page Transliteration table for the Russian language ......................-.. ii Abbreviations for use with this manual .......-.........................- ...... iii Grammatical abbreviations ...----------------------.....- ---- iv Foreword --------------------- -- ------------------------------------------------------- 1 Glossary of Soviet military and related abbreviations-.................-......... 3 TRANSLITERATION TABLE FOR THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE The Russian alphabet has 33 letters, which are here listed together w [th their transliteration as adopted by the Board on Geographic Names. A a AG a P pd C °c C B B 3 e T T cAl/ r rJCT y A D d B cSe ye,et X xZ "s ts ch )K3J G "0 sh 314 C ' shch b b hi bi 'b *i, H H KG 10 10j Oo (90 51 31 1L / p ye initially, after vowel. andl after 'b, b; e e1~ewhere. When written as a in Rusoian, transliterate a5~ yii or e. Use of diacritical marks is. preferred, but such marks may be omitted when expediency (apostrophe), palatalize. a preceding consonant, giving a sound resembling the consonant plus y!, somewhat as in English meet you, did you. 3The symbol " (double apostrophel, not a repetition of the line above. No sound; used only after certain prefixe.- before the vowvel letter: c. e. 91. 10. ii ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS -
Organization for Forecasting and Planning: Experience in the Soviet Union and the United States Wiley IIASA International Series on Applied Systems Analysis
Organization for Forecasting and Planning: Experience in the Soviet Union and the United States Wiley IIASA International Series on Applied Systems Analysis CONFLICTING OBJECTNES IN DECISIONS Edited by David E. Bell, University ofCambridge, Ralph L. Keeney, Woodward.clyde Consultants, San Francisco, and Howard Raiffa, Harvard University. 2 MATERIAL ACCOUNTABILITY Rudolf Avenhaus, Nuclear Research Center Karlsruhe, and University ofMannheim. 3 ADAPTNE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT Edited by C. S. Holling, University ofBritish Columbia. 4 ORGANIZATION FOR FORECASTING AND PLANNING: EXPERIENCE IN THE SOVIET UNION AND THE UNITED STATES Edited by W. R. Dill,New York University, and G. Kh. Popov, Moscow State University. International Series on 4 Applied Systems Analysis Organization for Forecasting and Planning: Experience in the Soviet Union and the United States Edited by William R. Dill Dean ofthe Faculty ofBusiness Administration, New York University G. Kh. Popov Dean ofthe Faculty ofEconomics, Moscow State University A Wiley-Interscience Publication International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis JOHN WILEY & SONS Chichester-New York-Brisbane-Toronto Copyright © 1979 International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced by any means, nor transmitted, nor translated into a machine language without the written permission of the publisher. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data: Main entry under title: Organization for forecasting and planning. (Wiley IIASA international series on applied systems analysis; 4) 'A Wiley-Interscience publication.' 'The foundation of the book was laid in two seminars, one held [1974] in Sochi (USSR) and organized by the Faculty of Economics of Moscow State University, and the other held [1975] in Mohonk, New York, and organized by the Faculty of Business Administration at New York University.' 1. -
Archives of Russia Seven Years After: Lee H
WOODROW WILSON INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR SCHOLARS Archives of Russia Seven Years After: Lee H. Hamilton, Christian Ostermann, Director “Purveyors of Sensation” or Director “Shadows cast to the Past”? BOARD OF TRUSTEES: ADVISORY COMMITTEE: Joseph A. Cari, Jr., Patricia Kennedy Grimsted Chairman William Taubman Steven Alan Bennett, (Amherst College) Vice Chairman Chairman Working Paper No. 20 PUBLIC MEMBERS Part II Michael Beschloss The Secretary of State (Historian, Author) Colin Powell; The Librarian of Congress James H. Billington James H. Billington; (Librarian of Congress) The Archivist of the United States John W. Carlin; Warren I. Cohen The Chairman of the (University of Maryland- National Endowment Baltimore) for the Humanities Bruce Cole; The Secretary of the John Lewis Gaddis Smithsonian Institution (Yale University) Lawrence M. Small; The Secretary of Education James Hershberg Roderick R. Paige; (The George Washington The Secretary of Health University) & Human Services Tommy G. Thompson; Washington, D.C. Samuel F. Wells, Jr. PRIVATE MEMBERS (Woodrow Wilson Center) Carol Cartwright, September 1998 John H. Foster, Jean L. Hennessey, Sharon Wolchik Daniel L. Lamaute, (The George Washington Doris O. Mausui, University) Thomas R. Reedy, Nancy M. Zirkin COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT THE COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT WORKING PAPER SERIES CHRISTIAN F. OSTERMANN, Series Editor This paper is one of a series of Working Papers published by the Cold War International History Project of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington, D.C. Established in 1991 by a grant from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Cold War International History Project (CWIHP) disseminates new information and perspectives on the history of the Cold War as it emerges from previously inaccessible sources on “the other side” of the post-World War II superpower rivalry. -
Commission Regulation (Ec)
10.10.2006EN Official Journal of the European Union L 278/3 COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1486/2006 of 5 October 2006 amending Council Regulation (EC) No 2368/2002 implementing the Kimberley Process certification scheme for the international trade in rough diamonds THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, decided to add New Zealand to the list of Participants as of 20 September 2006. Annex II should therefore be Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European amended accordingly, Community, HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION: Having regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 2368/2002 of 20 December 2002 implementing the Kimberley Process certifi- cation scheme for the international trade in rough Article 1 diamonds (1), and in particular Article 20 thereof, Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 2368/2002 is hereby replaced by the text in the Annex to this Regulation. Whereas: Article 2 (1) Article 20 of Regulation (EC) No 2368/2002 provides for the amending of the list of participants in the Kimberley Process certification scheme in Annex II. This Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union. (2) The Chair of the Kimberley Process certification scheme, through his Chair’s Notice of 13 September 2006, has It shall be applicable from 20 September 2006. This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States. Done at Brussels, 5 October 2006. For the Commission Benita FERRERO-WALDNER Member of the Commission (1) OJ L 358, 31.12.2002, p. 28. Regulation as last amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No 1574/2005 (OJ L 253, 29.9.2005, p.