Canada & the Arctic: Inuit, territories and non-coastal states weigh in—Pages 15-27

EMBASSYCANADA’S FOREIGN POLICY NEWSWEEKLY OTTAWA, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 14, 2010 ISSUE 300 • $3.00 CYBER SECURITY STRATEGY DEMANDED page 4

EU COPYRIGHT DEMANDS CAST A CHILL page 4

POLISH EMBASSY MOURNS PHOTO: SAM GARCIA NATIONAL EMBASSY Not-So-Sombre Moment: Chief of Defence Staff Gen. Walter Natynczyk, Governor General Michaëlle Jean and Prime Minister Stephen Harper laugh last week during a ceremony commemorating the 93rd anniversary of Vimy Ridge. Participants also remembered Canada’s First World War veterans, the last of whom died this year. Page 9. LOSS page 2 Experts see Is Security Council bid prompting link between pseudo-interest in Africa? ■ Michaëlle Jean trip highlights increased According to a rough itinerary of Ms. Jean’s trip, Gualtieri, the governor general will talk about the role of the outreach, but absence of solid initiatives. media in Senegal and Rwanda, tour several CIDA proj- ects in Rwanda and the DRC, deliver a speech to the Lee Berthiaume DRC National Assembly, and look at the economic Colvin cases and social progress achieved in Cape Verde. Ms. Jean, who was asked by Prime Minister ■ Gualtieri’s case ‘would have been an overnor General Michaëlle Jean will lead a small GCanadian delegation on a four-country tour of Stephen Harper to undertake the trip, will be embarrassment,’ whistleblower says. Africa starting today that will include stops in Rwanda, accompanied almost exclusively by several media Senegal, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Cape experts, artists and human rights activists. Above STRONGER Carl Meyer Verde. The trip comes just over a year after the con- all, it appears the purpose of the visit is to facilitate tinent was shocked by a marked Canadian shift away Canada-Africa contacts. CANADA- Publications Mail Agreement #40068926 from it in favour of Latin America and the Caribbean. Continued on Page 11 xperts and a former whistleblower are MEXICO Edrawing a link between the heavy criti- TO LEVERAGE cism the government received over its treat- ment of diplomat Richard Colvin and its US TALKS recent decision to end a tumultuous 12-year legal battle with a former Foreign Affairs Foreign Affairs gets new deputy page 31 employee. Joanna Gualtieri exposed profligate waste at Canadian missions abroad in the early 1990s. At minister as major overhaul launched the time, she said the department was wasting millions of taxpayer dollars on accommoda- ■ Morris Rosenberg gets stellar reviews as who have interacted with him. However, foreign NUNAVUT: tions for diplomats that weren’t being used. policy experts are now split on whether his appar- When she filed her reports on the waste, “Canada-builder.” ent lack of international experience will help or hurt Waiting for the Ms. Gualtieri said her superiors ignored DFAIT, particularly as it is preparing for an overhaul. them. When she went public, she alleged her Lee Berthiaume A career diplomat, Mr. Edwards served in many fulfillment of peers harassed and tried to intimidate her. parts of the world, including as ambassador to Eventually observers say she was pushed out fter three years holding down Fort Pearson, South Korea and Japan. He became deputy minis- promises of the department on unpaid medical leave. AForeign Affairs deputy minister Len Edwards is ter of International Trade in 2001, moved over to In 1998, Ms. Gualtieri filed a $30-mil- preparing to pass the torch—just as the department Agriculture Canada in 2004, then took over from page 25 lion lawsuit against the department for the is about to undergo a major shake-up. Peter Harder as Foreign Affairs deputy minister in alleged harassment, naming a number of Mr. Edwards’s replacement, Health Canada deputy March 2007. Continued on Page 14 minister Morris Rosenberg, is being lauded by those Continued on Page 12 EMBASSY, Wednesday, April 14, 2010—2 Diplomacy This Week Polish Embassy mourns national loss

that was broken?’” Ms. Domisiewicz explains. condolences with what Ms. Domisiewicz EMBASSY STAFF “It was very moving, and the music was very thinks are more than 1,000 signatures. appropriate, like lament music for a funeral.” People have started writing their condo- During the second part of the concert, the lences and thoughts in a second book. Chatter House room was covered in almost complete dark- Prime Minister Stephen Harper, Liberal ness as the Ottawa Symphony Orchestra per- opposition leader Michael Ignatieff he somber music playing at the formed The Symphony of Sorrowful Songs. and Chief of Defence Staff Gen. Walter National Arts Centre on Monday “I’ve never seen anything like this, but Natynczyk have already signed the book. was very much in tune with the there were even no side lights on, only a A photo of each of the 96 passengers who Tatmosphere of the evening as more little light on the stage, at the centre,” Ms. died in the tragic plane crash is displayed Photo: Sam Garcia than 2,000 people commemorated Polish Domisiewicz recalls. at the Embassy. “They were so important in president Lech Kaczynski, his wife Maria Among the attendees were Czech our political life,” Ms. Domisiewicz says. “We Embassy and 94 other Polish passengers who died in Ambassador Karel Žebrakovsky, officials knew many of them personally.” Maria Knapik is applauded by the crowd. a plane crash over the weekend. from the French and other European embas- Eighteen Polish members of parliament The tragic accident left Poland—and the sies, and from the Department of Foreign lost their lives in the plane crash, along with state meeting in favour of a family vacation left world—in shock, especially considering the Affairs and International Trade. the commander of the Polish armed forces, Danish media and opposition parties howling. purpose of the trip. The Polish delegation “Maybe it’s not for me to judge, but I the deputy ministers for foreign affairs and Ms. Espersen is new at the job and it was heading to the Russian city of Katyn to think this was a very wonderful and touch- defence, the chief of diplomatic protocol was felt she missed a key opportunity to commemorate the 70th anniversary of the ing concert,” Ms. Domisiewicz says. and the chief of the Polish national bank. interact with such bigwigs as Mrs. Clinton murder of more than 25,000 Polish officers Although the concert was dedicated to those Mr. Harper announced he will attend the and Russian Foreign Minister Sergey killed by Soviet authorities. who lost their lives last weekend, the Polish funeral of Mr. Kaczynski and his wife on April 18. Lavrov. However, even worse is the fact that The NAC room was filled to capacity. embassy had been planning it for about a year. The Polish embassy has its doors open from Denmark currently chairs the Arctic Council. The concert began with an announcement “It’s only because the music was appro- 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. until Saturday for people to sign “After only a month in her new position as of the catastrophe, followed by a minute of priate to this situation that some of us the book of condolences and light candles. foreign minister, Lene Espersen has by nearly silence, recalls Sylwia Domisiewicz, press decided go,” Ms. Domisiewicz said. “It really all accounts committed a major blunder when officer at the Polish Embassy in Ottawa. is just a coincidence that this happened.” Danish FM catches Arctic heat she bailed out of an important meeting over “You can imagine 2,000 people standing,” Polish Ambassador Zenon Kosiniak-Kamysz Canadian reporters and opposition the Arctic,” the Copenhagen Post stated. she says. “ Really, it was so silent, so touching.” did not attend, as ambassadors were asked to critics had a field day at Foreign Minister Apparently this isn’t the first time Ms. Red and white flowers with black rib- cancel all planned events during a national day Lawrence Cannon’s expense two weeks ago Espersen’s family commitments have gotten bons, symbolizing Poland’s national colours, of mourning. However, his wife was there. after US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton in the way of her job as a minister. The Post covered the stage. Ottawa-based soprano Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk was also criticized the decision to exclude represen- reported that as justice minister in 2006, she Maria Knapik sang the Elegia, composed supposed to start his visit to Canada yesterday, tatives from Sweden, Iceland and Finland went to Spain while the Mohammed cartoon by Canadian-Polish composer Peter Paul but that trip was understandably cancelled. from an Arctic meeting in Quebec. furor was burning. And in 2009, “she rubbed Koprowski and directed by David Currie. “We were positively tuned for this visit, it However, it appears Mr. Cannon isn’t her boss, then-prime minister Anders Fogh Elegia is based on a Second World War was so much work and preparation, every- the only one who has been burned by the Rasmussen, decidedly the wrong way by poem about a son’s death. thing was ready to go,” she says. “And then experience. going to Portugal with her family the week he “The last phrase of the poem says ‘Is it a it all turned into this tragedy.” Apparently Denmark’s Foreign Minister Lene was stepping down from his post.” bullet that killed you or is it just your heart Mourners have already filled a book of Espersen’s decision to skip the Arctic coastal [email protected]

Nuclear deal struck Talking Points Canada and the United States have struck a deal with Mexico that will see the three coun- US Embassy off the hook tries work to eliminate all highly-enriched ura- A motion by Ottawa city councillor Alex nium from Mexico, the Toronto Sun reported. Cullen to charge an annual $111,690 fee for Canada will work with the US and the IAEA to the United States Embassy’s encroachment convert Mexico’s facilities to one that can run on Sussex Drive and MacKenzie Avenue was on low enriched uranium. They will be engaged defeated at the transportation committee in an effort to transport stockpiles of highly- on April 7, reported the CBC. The concrete enriched uranium in Mexico back to the U.S. so barriers are to be replaced next year with it does not fall into the hands of terrorists. rigid posts, under terms of an agreement between the US, the federal government, the Military warned of torture city and the National Capital Commission. Canadian diplomat Richard Colvin told These would take up a lane of traffic on a commission in Ottawa on each road. The city usually charges $306 Tuesday that military com- per day for encroaching on a road. manders overseeing Canada’s mission in Kandahar were PM approved Libyan warned repeatedly that detainees transferred to dictator’s layover Afghan authorities faced a Prime Minister Stephen Harper person- systemic risk of torture and ally approved Libyan leader Moammar abuse, reported the Toronto Gadhafi’s planned Canadian layover last Star. Mr. Colvin said that year, even as his Conservative govern- within a month of arriving in Kandahar in ment was rebuking the Libyan dictator April 2006, he had “credible” information for celebrating a convicted terrorist, the about the risks facing Canadian transferred Canadian Press reported. Mr. Gadhafi can- detainees. That information was relayed celled the planned stop in Newfoundland in reports to headquarters staff with the after the PMO warned he would be scolded Canadian Expeditionary Command, which for throwing a party for a man jailed in the was overseeing the Afghan mission. Lockerbie bombing. Corrections Pacific FTA eludes Canada (“Colombia rights statistics come under Canada has been shut out of a poten- microscope,” April 7, page 4) Due to an edit- tially historic Pacific free trade agreement ing error, FOCAL executive director Carlo involving the United States and seven Dade was reported as saying that reports of other countries, reported the Globe and Colombian trade union murder rates were Mail. When asked in 2006 to join the Trans- false. In fact, he was referring to reports Pacific Partnership negotiations that only more Colombian trade unionists were killed recently got under way in Australia, the than any other country in the region. Harper government refused, largely to pro- tect the Quebec and Ontario dairy industry (“Party Time,” April 7, page 14) from foreign competition. While Canada Anne Cools is an Independent Senator. hasn’t formally asked to join, it reportedly Incorrect information appeared. has been told it is too late.

EMBASSY, Wednesday, April 14, 2010—4 News EU copyright demands chill trade experts

mous and unpublished works; a change to She was surprised to read the depth of “Before becoming party to any agree- Anca Gurzu Canada’s procedures for trademark registra- the EU demands. ment, Canada would need to be satisfied tion; additional protection to block disclo- “My first reaction was ‘Oh my goodness, I that it reflected the Canadian interest,” the recently leaked chapter of the trade deal sure of pharmaceutical data; and compliance can’t believe the EU thinks so poorly of Canada’s spokesperson wrote. ACanada is negotiating with the European with several international treaties. intellectual property laws,’” she said. “I didn’t Canada should proceed cautiously, Mr. Union shows the 27-member bloc demanding The chapter also includes several new realize we are the Zimbabwe or Somalia of intel- Ciuriak said. what one expert described as a “complete over- rights for broadcasters, which Michael Geist, lectual property, that we are so bad that all of “To take on the whole corpus of European haul” of Canada’s intellectual property laws. law professor and copyright expert at the these demands have to be made.” regulations, without context, without under- While some say the EU demands are a University of Ottawa, said would force public Ms. Todgham Cherniak, who said she standing how it works in Canada and whether natural part of a negotiation process, legal places, such as sports bars, to pay additional has seen many free trade agreement drafts or not it would address Canada’s innovation and trade experts are seriously concerned fees to air European channels. throughout her career, describes the leaked problem would, I think, be a problem.” over the depth and potential consequences Mr. Geist described the EU demands as chapter as going well beyond the usual inter- But the EU’s position should not come of their implementation—and what it says “stunning” and “a complete overhaul of our national property obligations. as a surprise, said Jason Langrish, executive about the trade negotiations as a whole. intellectual property system.” “I’ve never come across anything like this director of the Canada-Europe Roundtable Embassy reported at the end of January on “The EU’s approach is to simply take its before. This is really a very extensive expan- for Business, representing the interests of an internal European Union strategy document, rules and require Canada to adopt them,” Mr. sion of what is normal,” she said. “We knew both Canadian and European businesses. which blasted Canada’s intellectual property Geist wrote in an email. it is going to be comprehensive…but if this is “It’s a negotiation,” he said. “You would expect and copyright laws and noted the lack of politi- Officials from the European Union and an indication of how other chapters will look that at this stage in the game the Europeans cal will to make legislative changes. Canada will meet in Ottawa on April 19 like, then we are looking to see something would put forward an aggressive position.” The new documents feature a draft chap- for the third round of negotiations for a quite different than any form of free trade Mr. Langrish said the main issue is not market ter that includes proposals to extend an Comprehensive Economic and Trade agreement we have.” access, since—according to his understanding— author’s term to copyright; additional copy- Agreement. A former Canadian top trade official the two parties have already privately agreed on right term extensions for audiovisual, anony- The leak of the intellectual property rights described the leaked intellectual property duty-free policies on almost all goods. chapter comes after Embassy reported on Feb. chapter as a reflection of “the new genera- “So what they need to do now is look 24 that the European Commission is targeting tion of free trade agreements”—a commercial where the remaining sensitivities are.” Canada Post and provincial liquor boards in agreement that is trying to tackle business Mr. Langrish pointed out the chapter is only their trade talks. The EU has also expressed its regulation, such as intellectual property laws. in its draft form, and that the EU understands displeasure with Ontario for its reluctance to “The issue that I have with doing complex not all proposals will be adopted. open its doors to procurement. business regulations like these in a trade agree- “What would be the point of negotiat- Free trade agreements normally aim to ment is worrying whether this is the right con- ing and saying ‘This is what we are willing reduce duties for goods and liberalize ser- text,” said Dan Ciuriak, former deputy chief econ- to settle for?’ No one would do that,” Mr. vices, followed by a focus on investment omist at the International Trade department. Langrish said. “In a negotiation you say this and mobility of people, while government Trade liberalization is a simple process is the absolute best we could hope for and SUNCOR ENERGY OPENS procurement and intellectual property laws because it will benefit both parties involved, then you move backwards. I doubt very OTTAWA OFFICE usually come later in the negotiations, said he said, but intellectual property laws are much that the Europeans are hoping to Cyndee Todgham Cherniak, trade lawyer with a complicated area, which may have unin- change our regulations.” Toronto-based group Lang Michener LLP. tended consequences and “depend on the Ms. Todgham Cherniak said she is still in Suncor Energy is “Up front we are dealing with these more context in which they are embedded.” favour of the agreement, but “it is disappointing pleased to announce fringe issues, so I am concerned we are The government has recently concluded a to see what is coming in at this point in time.” the establishment of already getting off track, considering what is consultation process with Canadians and will “It signals to me that there are some serious a permanent Ottawa being leaked,” Ms. Todgham Cherniak said. introduce new copyright and intellectual proper- conflicts and obstacles that will slow down the “This is a little inconsistent [with the idea ty legislation during this parliamentary session, process and we need the market access agree- office as part of its of trade promotion], especially since the IP according to an Industry Canada spokesperson. ment sooner rather than later to create jobs,” federal communica- chapter creates significant obligations which Regarding the EU free trade negotiations, she said. “It means it will be years down the tions and stakeholder create obstacles to trade, as opposed to the spokesperson said CETA is based on road until our economy can benefit from it.” relations program. opening doors for trade to occur.” Canadian laws and policies. [email protected]

Gordon Shields, Suncor’s primary consultant on federal relations over Calls mount for cyber-security strategy the last 13 years, has joined Suncor to lead this exciting new initiative. He Avinash Gavai or foreign state-sponsored espionage and national and international partnerships on brings a strong knowledge of the information warfare, and present an ever- cyber security with industry, law enforce- changing and evolving threat.” ment agencies and other governments both company and deep experience in the n 2007, Estonia became the victim of the David O’Brien, a principal consultant with domestic and international, to encourage energy sector, including oil sands, Ifirst known cyber attack, which targeted GreyHat Information Security Consulting, a lawful information sharing and to prevent, commercial and residential renewable the Baltic country’s parliament and govern- group that has provided computer security detect and mitigate cyber incidents.” energy development, the solar energy ment ministries, banks and media outlets. services and guidance to the government, He added that co-ordination exists among When war broke out in August 2008, Georgia says that though the government has vastly a wide variety of government departments. sector, biofuels, and energy regulation found itself on the receiving end of a similar improved on the protection of its computer This isn’t a good enough answer for critics. and policy. cyber attack from Russia. systems in the last five years, Canada is still “The fact that the federal government And now, a major cyber spy-ring originating “woefully unprotected.” doesn’t have a plan, and hasn’t even given a Suncor Energy places a high priority out of China has been found. Not only were high- “Of course they [the government] should timeline when we will have one, should cause ly-classified military secrets taken from India, but worry. Because everything is going IP,” he Canadians concern and makes some of our criti- on ensuring a strong working rela- so were Canadian passport applications made to said. “For instance, if you are thinking of cal infrastructure very vulnerable,” said Liberal tionship with federal government the Indian embassy in Afghanistan. potential security breaches, some of the Public Safety critic Mark Holland. representatives and the company’s These cyber incidents, experts say, repre- things they talk about are infrastructural; Michel Juneau-Katsuya says that as far broader stakeholder communities. sent the new reality that Canada finds itself nuclear power plants, communication links, back as 1995, when he was the head of the telephone links, and telecommunications.” CSIS Asia-Pacific desk, Canada was losing Establishing this permanent presence in. And yet, despite the acknowledged impor- tance of establishing a national security Mr. O’Brien said when it comes to issues of an estimated $12 billion a year as a result of in Ottawa is one way we’re strategy for cyberspace, there are fears the government computer security, there is a false industrial espionage, primarily from China. strengthening our commitment. country continues to be unprepared. sense of security that has fed into complacency. Mr. Juneau-Katsuya also indicated that Last fall, Auditor General Sheila Fraser Governments around the world are formu- his investigations while in CSIS and the pri- 3151 Strandherd Drive presented a report to Parliament. While a lating strategies around the security of com- vate sector uncovered numerous accounts of section on pandemic preparedness caught puter systems to protect economic growth, external cyber-espionage taking place against P.O. Box 45534 the most media attention, the auditor gener- emergency response systems, national power Canadian companies and the government. Ottawa, Ontario K2J 5N1 al also castigated Public Safety for its failure grids and other critical services. “Private companies victimized by a form of to take a leadership role on cyber security The US has been aggressively addressing espionage will feel uncomfortable revealing facts Office: 613-823-8079 and other critical infrastructure. this 21st century menace by setting aside $40 because this will reveal weakness in their secu- Fax: 613-825-8592 “We found that Public Safety Canada has billion to tackle the issue. This includes setting rity, resulting in a loss of confidence amongst Email: [email protected] not exercised the leadership necessary to funding for measures such the government’s investors, suppliers, and investors,” he said, co-ordinate emergency management activi- “Einstein” program, which scans all incom- adding the same problem exists in government. ties, including protection of critical infra- ing communications to government-operated “CSIS has certain knowledge of the For more information on Suncor structure.” said Ms. Fraser at a press brief- websites, amongst other defensive initiatives. amount of espionage that is taking place, Energy visit www.suncor.com. ing. The report also noted that “these cyber Public Safety Canada spokesman David and the RCMP does too, but no one is talking attacks may be initiated by individuals or Charbonneau said in an email: “Public Safety about it, and this will hurt us.” groups and may be unintentional, amateur, Canada continues to develop and expand [email protected] advertisement

30th Anniversary of Independence

n the 18th of April, Zimbabwe celebrates its 30th In- s4HEAGRICULTURALSECTORISEXPECTEDTOGROWBY Odependence Anniversary. This celebration comes af- based on improved performance following fi nancial assis- ter the fi rst Anniversary of the formation of the Inclusive tance to farmers by government/fi nancial institutions and Government in February 2009 following the signing of the support from regional and international cooperating part- Global Political Agreement by the three major political par- ners. The greatest challenge though remains the weather ties led by His Excellency the President R.G. Mugabe, Hon- patterns that can adversely affect production and perfor- ourable Prime Minister M.R. Tsvangirai and Honourable mance of other sectors too. Deputy Prime Minister Professor A.G.O. Mutambara. s -ANUFACTURING IS PROJECTED to grow by 8% following the im- The formation of the Inclusive plementation of market friendly Government has ushered in a peri- stabilisation policies in the Short od of renewed hope as the country Term Economic Recovery Pro- has witnessed the return of mac- gramme. These policies include ro-economic and political stability the adoption of the multicurrency which had eluded the country the system, liberalization of the cur- last few years. With the assistance rent account, removal of foreign of the international community, exchange surrender requirements the social services sector most no- and price controls. tably education, health, provision of water and sanitation facilities as well as rehabilitation of s4HEMININGSECTORWHICHWASOPERATINGBELOWCAPACITY supporting infrastructure has greatly improved and should is showing signs of signifi cant recovery in view of the mea- be at normal operational levels soon. sures introduced under the Short Term Recovery programme mentioned above. Growth is expected to be around 40% This positive prevailing environment has raised further with substantial increases in platinum and gold production. prospects for sustained economic recovery, growth and de- velopment. On the political front, the crafting of a new s4OURISMWHICHHADEXPERIENCEDNEGATIVEGROWNDUETO constitution which is already underway clearly demon- negative press coverage, compounded by the global reces- strates Zimbabwe’s commitment to establish a more pros- sion is recovering following the return of macro-economic perous and stable democracy and to buttress the gains of and political stability. Zimbabwe remains a safe and exciting our struggle for independence. tourist destination offering world class tourism attractions such as the Victoria Falls, Great Zimbabwe monument and In the economic fi eld, the inclusive Government in- renowned national parks. The World Cup being hosted by troduced the Short-Term Economic Recovery Programme South Africa in June this year provides ample opportunity (STERP) whose main thrust was to restore macro-economic for sampling Zimbabwe’s hospitality. stability. The results have been pleasing with an annual av- erage infl ation of -5,5% for the year 2009 and for 2010 As Zimbabwe strives to consolidate its macro-econom- infl ation is expected to be at 5.1%. The economy was ex- ic and political stability and achieves sustainable levels of pected to grow by about 7% in 2009. Capacity utiliza- growth and development, the country is acutely aware of tion which stood at less than 10% is now between 30-50% the need to positively engage the international commu- with some companies especially in the food sector already nity. This is a process which the Inclusive Government is between 60-80%. committed to and is actively pursuing with the full support of its friends. This improved environment offers vast investment op- portunities in the various sectors of the economy. Below To the entire readership, Zimbabwe should be your des- are some highlights of actual/projected performance in the tination of choice as it offers you vast trade, investment and major section of the economy. tourism opportunities. F.Z. Chideya Ambassador EMBASSY, Wednesday, April 14, 2010—6 Editorial Page WHY DID PTE. TODD DIE? Nuclear summit proliferation n Sunday morning, Pte. Tyler William Todd was killed by an improved explosive device while his unit was patrolling southwest of Kandahar the existing nuclear weapons powers. What city. He was the 142nd Canadian soldier to die in Afghanistan. he really wants to do is strengthen the anti- Only days earlier, Afghan President Hamid Karzai reportedly told proliferation regime, and for that he needed O some symbolic movement towards nuclear members of his country’s parliament that he would join the Taliban if the US GWYNNE and other countries kept pressing him to clean up his corrupt administration. disarmament from the US and Russia. The problem with the NPT from the start The president had been stoking Western anger for months, particularly for DYER was that the non-nuclear powers kept their failing to clamp down on corruption within his administration and stealing last promise not to develop nuclear weapons, year’s presidential election. This, however, was the last straw. while the great powers that already had Prime Minister Stephen Harper rightly called Mr. Karzai’s remarks “com- he international agenda is jammed with them did not keep their parallel promise to pletely unacceptable to Canada” while the Globe and Mail reported Monday Thigh-level meetings on nuclear weapons: a get rid of them. After 40 years of that, there that Defence Minister Peter MacKay intentionally snubbed the Afghan presi- US-Russian treaty on cutting strategic nuclear is an understandable impatience among the dent during a visit to the country over the weekend. Even the Canadian weapons last week, a Washington mini-summit non-nuclear majority, and New Start is the Forces’ top soldier, Gen. Walter Natynczyk, said he was shocked. on non-proliferation this week, and a full-dress best piece of symbolism that Obama can Imagine, then, being the family of Pte. Todd. The 26-year-old was nearing review of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty come up with. It may not be enough. (NPT) next month. It’s tempting to believe that Obama clearly hoped that the Washington the end of his first tour of duty in Afghanistan—a country most Canadians are we are making real progress in getting rid of the summit of 47 countries this week would pro- clearly tired of and want to leave as soon as possible. How do you reconcile the things, but I wouldn’t get my hopes too high. vide him with extra leverage at the major fact Pte. Todd died while trying to build a country whose leader has threatened The “New Start” treaty between Washington review conference on the NPT next month in to join the people ultimately responsible for killing your loved one? and Moscow sounds impressive, committing the New York. He could use it to bring pressure on Gen. Natynczyk struck the right message when he told CTV on Sunday— two powers to reducing their “deployed strategic Iran, a signatory of the NPT that he suspects before Pte. Todd’s death was reported—that Canada’s efforts in Afghanistan nuclear weapons” to 1,550 each. That’s a 30 per of working secretly on nuclear weapons—but are all about helping the average man, woman and child have a better life. cent cut on what the two powers last agreed, in it turned out that other countries wanted to “We are indeed shocked by what’s been said up in Kabul,” he said, “but at their 2002 treaty—but it’s not as impressive as bring up Israeli nuclear weapons too. Only four countries in the world have not the same time the men and women of the Canadian Forces are working on it seems because most of their nuclear weapons are not “deployed strategic” ones. signed and ratified the NPT. Three of them, where Afghans live and enabling the Afghan police, enabling the Afghan Army The two countries currently have over 8,000 India, Pakistan and North Korea, have openly to provide security for their people.” other nuclear warheads “awaiting dismantle- developed and tested nuclear weapons. The However, not only will this message be increasingly harder to sell if Mr. ment,” plus an unknown number of “tactical” fourth, Israel, refuses to confirm or deny that Karzai doesn’t clean up his act, but also as the clock winds down on Canada’s warheads that are operationally available. They it has nuclear weapons, but it is generally mission in Afghanistan. Nobody wants to be the last casualty in a war particu- admit to having about 2,500, but those num- reckoned to have at least 200 of them, plus a larly one you don’t win. bers are completely unverified and probably variety of delivery vehicles. Canadian military officials and their civilian counterparts are likely facing an much lower than reality. Unofficial estimates For almost 50 years, Israel has gotten away important question right now: Curb military operations to ensure casualties are kept suggest that Russia and the US really have at with this “creative ambiguity,” but it was inevita- ble that it would be pressed to come clean if any to a bare minimum at the risk of undermining training and security efforts? Or con- least 10,000 tactical nukes. Add at least a thousand Chinese, British, other Middle Eastern country started working on tinue as normal, hoping it will contribute to a successful outcome in Afghanistan, but French, Indian, Pakistani and Israeli nuclear nuclear weapons. The sheer hypocrisy of turning risk further dead and wounded in an unpopular and nearly complete mission? warheads (plus a couple of North Korean a blind eye to Israel’s nukes while condemning a There is no clear answer. But there has never been anything clear about ones that sort of work) and there are probably country like Iran for allegedly seeking them too Canada’s efforts in Afghanistan. And that is part of the problem. Gen. around 25,000 nuclear warheads on the planet. would become unsustainable. And so it has. Natynczyk will say that Pte. Todd died while trying to help Afghan civilians. That’s fewer than there were at the height of Egypt and Turkey are leading a campaign to Others will say he died protecting a corrupt and ungrateful puppet govern- the Cold War, but it’s still around one nuclear have the Middle East declared a nuclear weap- ment that will fall as soon as NATO leaves. weapon for every 250,000 people on the planet. ons-free zone. Their real concern is Iran’s puta- In the end, he died for both, and whoever makes the decision on whether to With the right targeting pattern, therefore, tive nukes, but it is politically impossible for you could still kill or maim almost everybody them to criticize Iran’s ambitions while ignoring curb Canadian operations or continue as required will have to weigh the two sides on the planet with the existing stock of nuclear the reality of Israeli nuclear weapons, so they of this reality. A tougher decision has likely rarely been made during this mission. weapons. In practice, of course, they are tar- decided to bring them up in Washington. geted at particular countries that should expect As soon as Israeli Prime Minister a much denser concentration of explosions in Binyamin Netanyahu realized that was going case of war. And the New Start treaty will even- to happen, he cancelled his plan to attend tually reduce that global total of nuclear weap- the conference and sent his deputy, Dan ons by only about seven per cent. Meridor, to take the flak instead. Besides, the US Senate will probably not Netanyahu is already in a bitter confronta- ratify the treaty. It takes a two-thirds Senate tion with Obama over Jewish settlements in majority—67 votes out of 100—to ratify a trea- the occupied Palestinian territories. It would ty, but all 41 Republican senators have already not help to have Netanyahu stone-walling said that they will not support New Start. on Israeli nuclear policy at the Washington Their pretext is a non-binding statement in the meeting and personally sabotaging Obama’s treaty that recognizes a link between “offen- attempt to strengthen the NPT treaty. Better sive” missiles and ballistic missile defence, to have a subordinate do it instead. but in practice it’s just Republican strategy to So no dramatic progress soon on non-prolif- block every White House initiative. eration, but Obama’s initiative has not yet failed. President Barack Obama’s commitment to Subjects that have been taboo for decades are a world that is ultimately free from nuclear being openly discussed, and real progress on weapons seems genuine, but his real strategy non-proliferation is becoming a possibility. right now is not focussed on the weapons of [email protected] SETTING AN EXAMPLE “Do we have a government right now that is instilling a culture Quote of transparency, that is taking a leadership role like the American of the president is taking in matters of promoting transparency…? I haven’t seen evidence of that yet.” Week —Interim Information commissioner Suzanne Legault, April 13.

www.embassymag.ca EMBASSY: Issue number 300 CMCA 69 Sparks Street, is published every Wednesday by AUDITED Ottawa, Ontario K1P 5A5 Published Every Week Since April 28, 2004 EMBASSY (613) 232-5952 Fax (613) 232-9055 AUDITED CIRCULATION Publisher Sales Circulation/ Retail/Classified Art & Production Administration LETTERS TO THE EDITOR are welcomed by email at Anne Marie Creskey - [email protected] Director of Advertising Corporate Account Executives Subscriptions Retail & Classified Sales Production Manager General Manager, CFO Don Turner Craig Caldbick Circulation Manager Benoit Deneault Andrew Morrow [email protected], by fax at 613-232-9055, and [email protected] [email protected] Heather Marie Scheerschmidt Greg McDonald by post to 69 Sparks Street, Ottawa, Canada, K1P 5A5. Editorial Reporters Photographer Lillian Legault [email protected] Design and Layout Reception Assistant to the Director Retail Advertising Consultant All letters will be edited for length and content Senior Editors Carl Meyer Sam Garcia [email protected] Joey Sabourin Alia Kellock Heward [email protected] of Advertising Director of Reader Sales Chris Eldridge Jim Creskey Martin Reaume and Service Zach Falsetto Finance/Administration [email protected] Marjorie Peart Canadian Publications Mail agreement No. Anca Gurzu Columnists [email protected] [email protected] Ryan O’Neill Internet Services Manager Tracey Brydges Ross Dickson Gwynne Dyer 40068926. Return undeliverable Canadian address- [email protected] Steve MacDonald [email protected] Dan Hulton Managing Editor Intern Richard Gwyn [email protected] es to: Circulation Dept. 69 Sparks Street, Ottawa, Luke Eric Peterson Subscription Sales Lee Berthiaume Avinash Gavai Brad MacDonald ON K1P 5A5, Email: [email protected] [email protected] Scott Taylor [email protected] [email protected] EMBASSY, Wednesday, April 14, 2010—7 Opinion

but to continue providing as many as 1,000 troops to act as trainers for the Afghan securi- The Afghan ty forces. Their main selling point is that after sacrificing so much in both blood and gold, it would be a national shame if Canada were to cut and run just as the NATO chefs are putting mission has the icing on the victory cake. Those with keen memories will recall that when the transition of our contingent from Kabul to Kandahar was first floated, it become a was described as being an approximately 1,000-member Provincial Reconstruction Team, which would feature a small security element. It did not take long for that to morph propping- into the current configuration of a 3,000-strong effort, primarily in battle group formation. From there, the very same pro- mission commentators tried their damned- up exercise est to convince Canadian citizens that training the Afghan Army could not be done without mentoring them in actual combat. However, what has become lost in the

frantic debate over when to pull out our Photo: Jake Wright The Hill Times troops and/or the role they should play is The Afghan mission that some tub-thumpers would have us extend has become that of propping up a the fact that all of the original premises for drug-addicted, unelected, West-hating President Karzai who insists that his regime be allowed to conduct international military intervention have now their corrupt distribution of aid dollars without interference—or they’ll throw in their lot with the Taliban. SCOTT TAYLOR been eroded. To paraphrase the well-worn government talking points, Canada, as part ference stipulating that future foreign aid to have us extend has become that of propping of an international coalition, has been invited Afghanistan would be dependent on a reduc- up a drug-addicted, unelected, West-hating Inside Defence by the democratically-elected government of tion in corruption. That sentiment was echoed President Karzai who insists that his regime be Afghanistan to assist in providing a safe and last month by US President Barack Obama. allowed to conduct their corrupt distribution he drastic developments in stable environment in order to facilitate the However, all of this has prompted Karzai to of aid dollars without interference—or they’ll Afghanistan in recent days have cer- reconstruction of this war-ravaged nation. publicly cut away his puppet strings and, just throw in their lot with the Taliban. tainly left the self-proclaimed “pro-mis- As of last August, when the farcical elec- like, Pinocchio proclaim himself a real boy. The alternate option voiced by the Tsion” lobby spinning in all directions. tion process produced no verifiable result, In a series of startling statements in recent Colonel Blimp brigade is to continue pro- Admittedly new life had been breathed it became clear that the democratic experi- weeks, Karzai warned against Western inter- viding training and resources to create an into this long suffering gaggle of mili- ment in Afghanistan was a failure. ference with his government, claimed that the Afghan security force capable of enforcing tary cheerleaders by none other than US Without another viable option, the West West had sabotaged last year’s elections, and the laws put forth by the Karzai regime— Secretary of State Hillary Clinton. had no choice but to continue backing the threatened to throw his support behind the those same laws which include the con- When she visited Ottawa last month and same presidential puppet—Hamid Karzai—that Taliban and declare them the legitimate resis- troversial wife-rape legislation affording attempted to pressure Canada into extending they first appointed to the post in 2002. But tance to the foreign occupiers. an Afghan man the right to withhold food our military commitment in Afghanistan, the if NATO soldiers were going to fight and die In a short-sighted, but knee-jerk reflex from his wife if she refuses him sex. dispirited war supporters were given fresh to prop up Karzai’s unelected government— response, the US immediately attacked The current debate in Canada should not heart. They rose as one to applaud Hillary which is hated by the vast majority of the Karzai’s mental stability. A former American be centred on what we will do after the pullout Clinton’s position and wagged their fingers population and regarded as one of the most UN official alleged that Karzai’s erratic date in the summer of 2011, but rather why we in admonishment of Prime Minister Stephen corrupt regimes on the planet—then it was felt comments could be a possible result of his even still feel committed to that timetable given Harper for holding firm on the pullout date. that pressure should be brought to bear upon addiction to opiates. That will no doubt be this drastic evolution of the mission itself. In desperation, the pro-mission gang have the Afghan president to mend his ways. disturbing to all those Canadians who have Scott Taylor is editor and publisher of adopted a new tactic. What they propose now First it was British Prime Minister Gordon lost loved ones in Afghanistan. Esprit de Corps magazine. is to end the “combat” phase of the operation, Brown at the January London donors’ con- The mission that some tub-thumpers would [email protected] Will Canada go the non-proliferation distance?

Obama is prodding his fellow leaders to grade fuel to a lower level and strengthen the ar weapons be halted and that North Korea DOUGLAS ROCHE recognize that the nuclear risk is not con- G8 Global partnership to safely dismantle and Iran reverse their “nuclear ambitions,” fined to terrorism. The full risk consists of a nuclear materials in Russia and other places. recognizes that the US must meet its own growing number of nations refining nuclear But Prime Minister Harper should not think NPT Article VI obligations to nuclear disarma- S President Barack Obama drama- fuels and, in the case of the suspicions about these moves are sufficient in addressing the real ment in order to be in a stronger position in tized world attention on nuclear Iran, enriching uranium to bomb-grade level. problem. He must couple this work to strength- advancing non-proliferation measures. dangers during his extraordinary Can the world find a way to guarantee that en in a substantive way the International Atomic In addition to US pursuit of “rigorous U 47-nation Washington summit this nuclear energy will never be used for bombs? Energy Agency and the Non-Proliferation Treaty, measures to reinvigorate” the NPT, the week by warning that just an apple-sized That is the question Obama is getting at. two instruments that do the heavy lifting in review includes this passage concerning container of plutonium could set off a nuclear He knows very well that global co-opera- reducing nuclear dangers. The NPT calls for steps to be taken: “Initiate a comprehensive bomb that “could kill and injure hundreds of tion to secure all nuclear materials is imped- nuclear disarmament negotiations and non- national research and development program thousands of innocent people.” A “catastrophe ed by the powerful nuclear weapons states, proliferation measures—as well as providing for to support continued progress toward a for the world” is waiting to happen, he said. which think they can set the rules controlling the peaceful use of the atom. world free of nuclear weapons, including It’s a safe bet that the leaders of so many access to nuclear energy while maintaining The project of the 505 members of the Order expanded work on verification technologies.” states where civilian nuclear sites lack even their arsenals of 23,000 nuclear weapons. of Canada—a prestigious lot to be sure—in This is exactly the approach Canada standard military protections, like barbed wire The president might get limited co-oper- endorsing preparatory work for a Nuclear should take. and checkpoints, will now invest in fuel vaults, ation to control the most egregious cases Weapons Convention has hit the nail on the At the end of the Washington summit, motion detectors and central alarms. They left of nuclear vulnerability, as in Pakistan. But head. This would be a global treaty that would the 47 leaders issued a communiqué calling the summit with a new resolve to tighten secu- a growing number of countries are chaffing ban all nuclear weapons and put effective inter- on all states to work co-operatively “as an rity measures for all nuclear materials. at the idea of new international restrictions national control systems on nuclear energy. international community to advance nuclear But since there is enough nuclear fuel in doz- that would apply to them while the big boys Premature? The UN secretary-general and security, requesting and providing assistance ens of nations to make another 120,000 nuclear exercise their nuclear hegemony. a growing number of world leaders don’t think as necessary.” How much lasting co-opera- bombs, the question can rightly be asked: Did Like it or not, the continued possession so. And President Obama, in bringing India, tion will there be when the camera lights are the Obama summit do enough to protect people of huge stocks of nuclear weapons by the Pakistan and Israel—three nuclear weap- turned off? The next such summit, two years from an impending catastrophe? US, Russia, the UK, France and China—the ons nations that shun the Non-Proliferation from now in South Korea, will be a test. The answer is that Obama may have bought five permanent members of the UN Security Treaty—to the Washington summit is indicat- Meanwhile, the US and Russia have com- the world some time. But with nuclear power Council—is inextricably linked to new ing a “comprehensive” approach may be down mitted themselves to converting 68 tons plants coming online in many countries, the risk efforts to stop the proliferation of nuclear the line that could be a new global regime. of plutonium—enough for 17,000 nuclear of nuclear terrorism is going up, not down. weapons and even efforts to strengthen The US military-political establishment is weapons—to electricity and other peaceful Obama himself recognized that the summit control systems of nuclear fuels. certainly not ready for global negotiations. uses. Obama has started down the road to was only “one part of a broader, comprehensive The Canadian government contributed to There is powerful opposition within the US to a nuclear weapons free world. How many agenda that the United States is pursuing— the Washington summit by stating that it would Obama’s vision of a nuclear weapons free world. states will go the distance? including reducing our nuclear arsenal and stop- ship highly enriched uranium spent fuel from Shrewdly, Obama is building a base of sup- Former senator and disarmament ambas- ping the spread of nuclear weapons—an agenda the Chalk River nuclear site back to the US. port by first pointing so vividly to the nuclear sador Douglas Roche is author of Creative that will bring us closer to our ultimate goal of a That set a good example, along with Canada’s terrorist threat. His new Nuclear Posture Dissent: A Politician’s Struggle for Peace. world without nuclear weapons.” efforts to help Mexico convert its weapons- Review, demanding that proliferation of nucle- [email protected] EMBASSY, Wednesday, April 14, 2010—8 Letters & Opinion LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

CSIC doing a fine job of its members. The admission process Brazil-Canada not trying to Regarding the inside headline, the fact hile your article cites concerns that and exams are rigorous and the admission that “non-existent” appears just above my standards are very high. Once membership sidestep Mercosur picture suggests that I am one of those who Wthe Canadian Society of Immigration y admiration for Embassy and the Consultants is not meeting its mandate in enforc- is granted, you have to take mandatory con- think so. The text does not say that much, tinuing educational development courses. Mwork of your team cannot prevent me but the picture-headline association was so ing discipline among its members, those who from expressing my shock at one of your remember life as an immigration consultant Also, CSIC’s disciplinary actions against apparent that the ambassador of Ecuador, its members are no myth. CSIC is meeting recent articles (RE: “Brazil, Canada explor- among other people, called to ask why I before CSIC’s creation understand how much ing options to sidestep Mercosur,” March progress has been made (RE: “Kenney says immi- its mandate with regards to disciplining its had said that Brazil is not interested in members. You quoted Sheetal Jhuti stating 24). Both the front page headline and the Canada. I then pointed out, as I would like gration consultant law on the way,” March 24). inner page headline (“Brazilian Interest Two years ago, having left the immigration that “if someone complains against me, it’s to point out now, that Brazil is very much very easy for CSIC to penalize me and shut in Canada non-existent: Experts”) are interested in Canada. consulting firm I worked with for 16 years, I extremely misleading. sought employment as an immigration con- down my business.” The aforementioned visit of the secre- If CSIC was not meeting it’s mandate with In my view, nothing in my declarations tary-general of external relations of Brazil, at sultant. I knocked on every door, including or in those of my deputy, Minister Ernesto law firms, sole practitioner lawyer’s offices, regards to complaints and discipline, as per the head of a delegation comprising almost the Commons’ Immigration committee’s report Araújo gives room for the interpretation that 30 authorities from 16 different ministries non-profit organizations, settlement services Brazil is seeking close economic ties with and Legal Aid Ontario-funded community legal from June 2008, I don’t believe Ms. Jhuti would and agencies, is clear proof of unordinary make such a quote. Her statement is sufficient Canada in order to “sidestep” Mercosur. interest, as is the launch of a Brazil-Canada clinics. In the end, my professional designation We tried to present clearly the idea that from CSIC and the security and confidence my to establish that CSIC is meeting its mandate Strategic Partnership Dialogue. Prof. Jean with respect to disciplining its members. the possibility of a Mercosur-Canada free Daudelin, as quoted in the article, rightly membership in CSIC provided to my clients, trade arrangement attracts much inter- allowed me to establish my own practice and CSIC publishes a list of hearings, a list of dis- sums up: “It’s not the kind of thing that they ciplined members and a list of revoked member- est in Brazil and in Canada, but that such [Brazil]…do a lot.” Indeed, it is not. to do very meaningful work for the community a process, if initiated, would probably be and for immigrants and refugees. ships on its website. The process may be a bit Brazil and Canada enjoy a dynamic, slow, but there is transparency in the process. slow in bringing concrete results, as it diverse and productive relationship which I believe that CSIC is meeting its mandate would face obstacles which are natural in with regards to the education and discipline CSIC is still in its infancy, and during its surpasses the bilateral domain and are short existence it has matured dramatically as any free trade negotiations. reflected in most multilateral fora, such a regulator. Just six years ago, consultants did On the other hand, we stressed that as the United Nations, the Organization of not have to prove their competence, engage in Brazil and Canada can already undertake American States, the G20 and the regional continuing professional development or main- many actions to increase their relations developmental banks (The Inter-American, tain a legal library. They didn’t have to adhere in the economic terrain, but also in other the Caribbean and the Asian Development to rules of professional conduct or maintain fields of mutual benefit without the need for banks.) Both countries’ joint actions in client accounts. And they didn’t have to carry a free trade agreement. Haiti are also a remarkable example of their errors and omissions insurance or contribute Mr. Araújo and myself expanded on these capacity to make a difference in the world. to a client compensation fund. These are all topics in our conversation, and I even pro- Brazil and Canada are two relevant play- vided a copy of the Agreed Minutes of the SUNCOR ÉNERGIE OUVRE significant achievements, which assist me to ers in today’s multipolar global scenario, practice in a competent and professional man- recent meeting of Brazilian and Canadian offi- working together for peace and stability in UN BUREAU À OTTAWA ner, while maintaining the public’s confidence. cials in Ottawa exactly to illustrate the poten- the planet. I regret that the Embassy article Lisa Ramkissoon tial for bilateral dialogue and co-operation. lost the opportunity to reflect those reali- Suncor Énergie a le Certified Canadian Immigration Consultant At no point did we imply that Brazil intends ties and prospects. to work bilaterally with Canada instead of pursu- plaisir d’annoncer Fellow of the Canadian Migration Institute Paulo Cordeiro de Andrade Pinto ing negotiations between Canada and Mercosur. l’ouverture d’un bureau Etobicoke, Ont. Brazilian Ambassador to Canada permanent à Ottawa dans le cadre de son programme de communications avec le gouvernement fédéral Stop tolerating human trafficking et de relations avec les groupes d’intérêt. apartment in Gatineau where they were I cannot count the number of Canadians DAVID BOUCHARD beaten, raped, drugged and forced into sex who are surprised that people are trafficked in slavery for months. Situations like this are their own communities. Escort services, strip Principal consultant de Suncor en matière occurring across Canada. clubs and massage parlors are being used as de relations avec le gouvernement fédéral espite our efforts to stop human We have a number of NGOs in Canada legitimate fronts for trafficking in Canada. depuis 13 ans, Gordon Shields se joint à trafficking, without the full force who are working on this issue. We have How did child pornography get to be so Suncor Énergie pour relever cet excitant of the law we will not succeed. made a lot of progress since 2005 when out of control? CRTC recently approved an défi. En plus de connaître à fond notre Politicians, prosecutors, law enforce- we first enacted legislation to make the all-pornography channel in Western Canada D penalties more severe. The advent of the with the only provision that the content société, M. Shields possède une solide ment and the general public need to collabo- expérience dans le secteur de l’énergie, y rate on this issue if we hope to save lives. Temporary Residents Permit for victims must be at least 50 per cent Canadian. A of trafficking was another baby step. As steady diet of porn definitely increase the compris les sables pétrolifères, la mise en Human trafficking is the fastest grow- University of British Columbia professor demand side of this invisible crime. valeur des énergies renouvelables dans les ing crime and Canada is not exempt. The US 2009 Trafficking in Persons Report lists Ben Perrin says, “We must celebrate every Slavery exists because people in devel- secteurs commercial et résidentiel, l’énergie Canada as a source, transit and destination baby step we make toward ending human oped countries demand products that are solaire, les biocarburants, ainsi qu’une vaste country. Right here in Ottawa, three young trafficking.” made by people who are enslaved. From connaissance en matière de réglementation girls were trafficked from a shelter to an But there is still much to be done. the cotton fields of Uzbekistan or the cocoa et de politique énergétiques. Our government must get serious about plantations of West Africa, children are applying the laws that already exist. Right forced to work and are not given an oppor- Suncor Énergie accorde la priorité au now, we need to urge the Senate to pass tunity to get an education. Bill C-268 and return it to the House of International Labor Rights Forum has docu- maintien de relations de travail dynamiques Commons to become a law. mented products from several countries that avec les représentants fédéraux ainsi There are many naive young girls in are slave made and readily available in Canada. qu’avec les collectivités intéressées par les 150 offi ces in over 50 countries 45 years Canada who fall into the trap of traffickers Not for Sale Campaign is collaborating on iden- projets de la Société. Établir une présence of experience relocating the international in our high schools and colleges, and in our tifying companies who state categorically that permanente à Ottawa est une façon de diplomatic and expatriate community. shopping malls. A hard-hitting campaign they will not use slavery in their supply chain. renforcer notre engagement. aimed at 15 to 25 year-olds to make them This allows us to be smart consumers. aware of the dangers of sex trafficking is All NGOs operating on the issue of human crucial. Not for Sale Campaign has created trafficking in North America call on legisla- 3151, Strandherd Drive a website to document cases of human traf- tors, prosecutors and law enforcement to end C. P. 45534 ficking in Canada, in the sex trade or in the slavery now by acting on their promise to Ottawa (Ontario) K2J 5N1 labor market. help the victims of trafficking and to punish We are well aware that Canadians go the “perps” appropriately. Our government Téléphone : 613-823-8079 abroad to buy sex. Why are there so few needs to create an endowment fund to set up Télécopieur : 613-825-8592 For a free estimate on your upcoming transfer, convictions, you may ask. shelters for people who are rescued or are or information on customized storage solutions, Courriel : [email protected] It is time to get more serious on this able to escape from the nightmare of being call now 613 853 7120, or 866 870 1004, crime. Human trafficking exists because trafficked. Our court system must not tolerate or email [email protected] of supply and demand. Stop the destitu- any human trafficking and give sentences that Pour plus de renseignements sur Suncor tion in developing countries by eradicat- reflect the seriousness of this crime. Énergie, visitez www.suncor.com. On parle francais aussi Vancouver • Calgary • Montreal • Ottawa • Toronto ing poverty and encouraging education, David Bouchard is national director of the Well-connected. Worldwide.TM www.crownrelo.com and stop the demand by getting tough on Not for Sale Campaign-Canada. crime everywhere. [email protected] EMBASSY, Wednesday, April 14, 2010—9 Canada’s Mission in Afghanistan When wars used to make sense

in the Boys Brigade when the killing stopped. JAMES TRAVERS Even so, Babcock has been pressed into duty as a symbol. On Nov. 11, 2008, he passed a videotape torch to veterans of other wars. ar is more easily remembered than Two years later, his death drew this statement Wexplained. So it is that Canada cele- from Stephen Harper: “His family mourns brates the battle of Vimy Ridge as a defining the passing of a great man. Canada mourns moment even as it struggles to make sense the passing of the generation that asserted of Afghanistan. our independence on the world stage and With much of the pomp and all the solem- established our international reputation as an nity once reserved for Remembrance Day, unwavering champion of freedom, democracy, official Ottawa now marks what happened human rights and the rule of law.” 93 years ago in the mud of France as seminal Such retrospective clarity is in stark con- in the birth of an independent nation. It’s trast with current realities. Canada is barely been that way since 2003, when April 9 was a year from ending an Afghanistan campaign chosen to honour Canadian success and sac- Liberals badly miscalculated and Tories no rifice in accomplishing what had frustrated longer champion. its more powerful imperial allies. War has changed since Babcock Vimy looms larger in this country’s story marched away to serve King and coun- than it does in World War I’s slaughterhouse try. Tests of strength between industrial history. Worn smooth by repetition, that states have given way to confused con- account gained a biographical chapter flicts where the enemy is amorphous and Friday when the ceremony became a memo- military victory usually impossible. Photo: Sam Garcia rial for John Babcock, the last known vet- Some things remain the same. Afghanistan eran of the war that was to end all wars. has now claimed the lives of 141 soldiers, Embassy Babcock died in February at the remark- made casualties of 1,000 more, and will hand Governor General Michaëlle Jean, Gen. Walt Natynczyk and Prime Minister Stephen Harper mark the rd able age of 109 in Spokane, Wash. His death a $20-billion bill to taxpayers. 93 anniversary of the Battle of Vimy Ridge at the National War Memorial in Ottawa. severs a human connection to the past and Those blood and money costs demand a offers timely insight into the political utility more candid explanation than either Liberals or not far away here. The Canadian politi- of helping Afghanistan move forward after of national narratives. Conservatives have yet provided. Canada’s pur- cal truce reached with the help of John the troops move out, or the cross-border A modest man, Babcock gently resisted pose in sending troops is no better understood Manley’s mission report is too mutually risks to Canada of turning a deaf diplomatic Ottawa efforts to make him larger in death today than what’s been achieved. At least as beneficial for both the largest parties for ear to US pleas to stay longer. than in life. troubling is the public silence over what may be them to challenge the wisdom of the July Instead, we remember, as we should, the Late in his life, the Kingston farmboy who lost by leaving a job so far from finished. 2011 withdrawal. defining wars of the past while waiting for enlisted at 15 insisted with old-school hon- No one here wants to start that debate Any consideration of extending Canada’s someone to make sense of Afghanistan. esty: “My service didn’t amount to much.” now, when Afghanistan President Hamid role will have to wait at least until federal James Travers is a Toronto Star colum- Babcock never fired a shot in anger. Too Karzai is proving such an uncertain friend voters next cast ballots. Until then, no ques- nist. This article appeared on April 12. young for active service, he was still training there and another federal election is tions will be answered about the practicality [email protected] Karzai can see the writing on the wall sunset,” as news reports put it. That wasn’t HAROON SIDDIQUI exactly a triumphant entry onto friendly turf. By contrast, Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad was warmly received in daylight in oliticians, including Stephen Harper, and Kabul last month. Even if Karzai had invited him Ppundits are united in condemning Hamid out of pique with Washington, he wouldn’t have Karzai. He’s crazy to claim that he might been seen embracing his guest and beaming join the Taliban and that Americans have into the cameras had he not been reasonably long-term designs on Afghanistan, retain- sure that would go over well with most Afghans. ing military bases there to keep an eye on As difficult as it is for us to see an neighbouring China, Pakistan, Central Asia ungrateful wretch insulting his foreign pro- (Kyrgyzstan, etc.) and the North Caucasus tectors and funders, his behaviour is not all (Chechnya, Dagestan and Ingushetia). that bizarre, considering the absurdities sur- What if Karzai has not gone off his rock- rounding the NATO mission in Afghanistan: er, is not cracking under pressure and not ■ It no longer has a purpose. acting out wild mood swings, as alleged, but ■ We are decidedly not there to edu- is, in fact, being smart? cate girls. He has seen the writing on the wall: the ■ If we are there to settle the score for 9/11, jig is up on the NATO mission. that was done nine years ago. And we don’t The Dutch are done. The Canadians will have to be there to prevent another 9/11. Most be out in 16 months. The Americans will al-Qaeda members are in Pakistan, where US begin departing next year. The current mili- drones are said to be assassinating them. tary surge—conquering Marja and planning ■ NATO is still in Afghanistan because it Photo NATO to retake Kandahar—is designed to create does not want to admit failure. Obama, of all Prime Minister Stephen Harper and Afghanistan President Hamid Karzai in Bucharest in 2008. what’s described as “a decent interval” to presidents, cannot afford to concede defeat. declare victory and get out, while landing ■ Canada is there mostly because the are not destroying the opium crop because raids) and caused too much resentment and punches on the Taliban to soften them up U.S. is there. (Canadians can see all that. The it provides the livelihood for local farmers— anger not to have overstayed its welcome. for political negotiations. latest Ekos poll has 54 per cent opposing the thereby facilitating the illicit drug trade from Whatever legitimacy the NATO mission The Taliban seem to be obliging. They “melt mission, only 34 per cent supporting it.) which warlords, and the Taliban, benefit. won by liberating Afghans from Taliban away” as the Americans approach, forever elud- ■ Karzai has been cavorting with war- There’s obviously no clear-cut way forward, tyranny was lost long ago by not fulfilling ing the promised “decisive battle,” thereby giv- lords because the Americans accepted their Afghan complexities being what they are. The the first duty of an occupying force, namely ing new life to the old Afghan dictum, “foreign help in toppling the Taliban in 2001 and mission has lasted too long, made too many establishing law and order and imparting a invaders may have the clock but we have time.” blessed their entry into power with him. mistakes, done too little nation-building. Instead sense of economic hope for the local popula- This puts into doubt the claim that It is with State Department approval that it has became too militaristic, killed too many tion. That was the vacuum the Taliban filled. most Afghans—women, especially—do he has been making peace overtures to civilians (not only by aerial bombardment but The lost trust cannot be restored, at dearly want us to stay on. If they did, Karzai the most notorious of warlords, Gulbuddin also shootings from passing convoys and at least not quickly. It will take five or 10 wouldn’t risk offending his own people by Hekmatyar, for the last two years. checkpoints—incidents that continue to hap- years—time that no NATO nation has the mocking the foreigners they ostensibly love. ■ While Karzai is berated for not going pen), displaced too many people, detained too patience or resources for. Barack Obama, the most popular American after his corrupt brother in Kandahar and many with little or no cause and without due Haroon Siddiqui is a columnist for the president outside of America in modern times, others raking in drug profits, American process, violated too many local cultural norms Toronto Star. This article appeared on April 11. “slipped into Kabul unannounced Sunday after troops who recently took over nearby Marja (such as invading women’s privacy in nighttime [email protected] It's said the digital revolution will be bigger than the industrial revolution.

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ZZZWKHZLUHUHSRUWFD EMBASSY, Wednesday, April 14, 2010—11 News Africa waiting for more than visits

Continued from Page 1 “We invite Canada to continue to engage with Africa so that the reputation that Canada enjoys “State visits by a governor general play doesn’t get frayed,” Mr. Nkomo said. “So when an important role in strengthening Canada’s we see these developments now, we hope that relations with other countries,” reads the they are being made in that kind of context.” release that announced the trip. “They are Yet experts, and some diplomats them- the highest form of diplomatic contact, and selves, are still unsure just how much of a reinforce bilateral relations and exchanges shift they are witnessing. among heads of State and local authorities.” During his speech to delegates in Addis Ms. Jean will be only the most recent Ababa in January, Mr. Cannon failed to lay Canadian official to visit Africa. Foreign out even a hint of a comprehensive Africa Affairs Minister Lawrence Cannon visited policy. The maternal and child health initia- Mali and Tunisia in August and toured Libya, tive Canada is championing as chair of this Israel and Saudi Arabia in October. Then at year’s G8 will undoubtedly have relevance the end of January, Mr. Cannon was in Addis for Africa, he said, but that’s as far as Ababa, Ethiopia, for the 14th annual African he went. He also noted Canada’s increased Union summit. There he delivered a speech financial support to the African Development and held numerous bilateral meetings. Bank as well as past Canadian contributions While much of Mr. Cannon’s time in to UN peacekeeping efforts. But the minister Ethiopia was spent talking about Canada’s started his speech talking about Canadian hosting of this year’s G8 and G20 summits, contributions to Haiti. the visit was seen in African circles as “There wasn’t anything too new he was an important signal to the continent that saying,” said Blair Rutherford, director of Canada hadn’t forgotten the continent. Carleton University’s Institute of African “Minister Cannon’s presence at the AU Studies, “and you get a sense it was a bit summit was a good sign,” said Nejmeddine more geared towards, perhaps the G8 and Lakhal, counsellor at the Tunisian Embassy G20, but also the UN Security Council.” in Ottawa. Canada’s ongoing campaign for a seat on

Meanwhile, upon being appointed the UN Security Council—a campaign that PMO Photo Canada’s new trade minister in January, one could be decided by Africa’s 53 vote—has Prime Minister Stephen Harper in Tanzania in 2007. of Peter Van Loan’s first trips outside North been bubbling in the background. One UN America was to South Africa and Kenya. Put source who knew of the governor general’s all together, some are feeling hopeful. visit before it was announced said lobbying ent policy and they’re putting a real effort backroom chatter about not only the closing “The more you have those trips, the more on behalf of Canada’s bid will figure promi- into trying to prioritizing and helping to down of embassies and missions but also lack you have those exchanges, the more you are nently in Ms. Jean’s agenda. strengthen and establish a Canadian pres- of resources to support the work they could be liable to do more,” said Lucien Bradet, president Experts acknowledged the potential ence, at least on paper,” said Mr. Rutherford. doing, one doesn’t get a sense that at the politi- and CEO of the Canadian Council on Africa, who link—and the unspoken concern that once “But I suspect in terms of resources, my cal level there’s much attention on Africa.” is the sole business representative accompany- the campaign is over, Africa will again slide sense is that isn’t happening. And you hear [email protected] ing the governor general on her trip. off the government’s radar. “The fundamental of those relations is “There is no doubt, in my mind, that the friendship. And if you have friends, you question of the Security Council, has over want to deal with friends. And if you never the past 12 months, waked up people to the see each other, that friendship is hard to reality of the geopolitics,” Mr. Bradet said. develop.” “And the geopolitics in this case is that there The slew of visits stands in stark contrast are 53 votes there.” to the message sent to African countries over African diplomats refuse to link the the past few years. Starting in the summer of increased number of visits to Canada’s 2007, the Conservative government had indi- Security Council bid, but acknowledge they cated it was moving Canada away from the are still looking for concrete signs that Canada continent. A number of Canadian missions in is indeed interested in a re-energized dialogue Africa have since been closed or downgraded, that will pave the way for a strengthened rela- most recently the embassy in Malawi and the tionship for the 21st century—a century many consulate general in Cape Town. predict will see Africa’s importance grow. But perhaps the most stunning action “It would be very hard for me to get into was the decision in February 2009 to cut the brains of Canadian officials, but I think seven African nations as bilateral CIDA part- when you see those trips, maybe it could ners. Instead, the government said it was be some new signs,” said Mr. Lakhal. “But I focusing on the Americas. really don’t know. There is still some action “There was a concern, a grave concern, that needs to be done.” about the move away from Africa,” acknowl- The absence of a formal Canada-Africa sum-  #    edged South African High Commissioner mit remains a concern while the lack of a com- Abraham Nkomo. prehensive trade, investment, development and $   !!% & ! In response, African ambassadors and diplomatic policy stands as a stark reminder of high commissioners in Ottawa took the high- the now-tenuous nature of relations.      ly unusual step of banding together and “To be honest, it seems to be there is openly lobbying for a new Canada-Africa rela- little thinking about re-engagement,” said \   ! tionship. In appearances before the Senate Mr. Lakhal. “Nothing is clear yet…. I think Foreign Affairs committee and the Commons’ we need like what Europe does with Africa. "      Foreign Affairs committee, and in a private They have a summit. The United States has meeting with Mr. Cannon, they asked for a a summit with Africa. And I think a summit      new Canada-Africa forum to discuss ideas and with Africa and Canada would really help.” for the Conservative government to develop a In January, the government hosted a spe- true, comprehensive Africa policy or strategy. cial symposium on new technology in Africa  “We were very moved by the recent gov- at IDRC. One of Mr. Van Loan’s first actions ernment decisions on our continent, which as trade minister was to attend. Mr. Nkomo sound to us as the beginning of the end of is hoping this event will be followed by real the beautiful days of our relationship with action on the ground by both sides. Canada,” Burkina Faso Ambassador Juliette For the optimists, any contact between the Bonkoungou Yameogo told the Commons’ two sides is a positive development and some- committee on May 27. thing that can hopefully be built upon, particu- The recent visits have been well-received larly given Canada’s position as chair of the G8. by African diplomats who were hoping for “There’s a lot of small things that are put-     some sign that Canada was reconsidering its ting together that it would not be a big step position vis-à-vis Africa. There is cautious opti- to put them all together,” said Mr. Bradet. mism that the government has heard calls for But clearly everyone is still waiting for more. a new Canada-Africa relationship and that the “My interactions with Foreign Affairs visits represent a small step in that direction. seems to be they’re coming up with a coher- EMBASSY, Wednesday, April 14, 2010—12 News Rosenberg ‘never pretended to be an expert’

Continued from Page 1 he will bring to DFAIT as his resumé doesn’t avian flu were emerging in Asia. Since the department,” said recently retired dip- include any prior experience in the field. To then there have been safety scares related lomat Daryl Copeland, author of Guerrilla Experts say Mr. Edwards was practically that end, early reviews are positive. to Chinese products and, most recently, Diplomacy, which advocates a new type pulled out of retirement when Prime Minister “In terms of new files, he’s certainly mas- H1N1. The last, in particular, has highlight- of foreign service. “I have not seen much Stephen Harper appointed him deputy minis- tered—and I think that’s why the prime ed the government’s work towards improv- evidence of serious push back. The good ter of DFAIT and that his pending departure minister has so much faith ing pandemic prepared- diplomat not only stands up for his or her had long been coming. He will stay on as the in him—he’s mastered ness, which has received country abroad, but, when required, to his prime minister’s personal representative for very complex, delicate mixed reviews. or her country at home. the G8 and G20 summits. and intricate files,” said “He’s a cool customer, “One of my prescriptions for fixing the “He was actually scheduled to retire before Russell Williams, president he’s unflappable,” said Mr. foreign ministry has been to bring the out- he became deputy minister,” said Fen Hampson, of Canada’s Research-based Tholl. “He’s not prone to side in and turn the inside out. The place is director of the Norman Paterson School of Pharmaceutical Companies. rash decisions at any time. too cloistered, it needs some fresh air.” International Affairs at Carleton University. “I think he brings a great He’s very deliberate in his Bringing in an outsider with experi- “And he was sort of brought in because they deal of skill, expertise and thinking. And in terms of ence in managing a large department like wanted a steady hand at the tiller.” comprehensive approach to being a leader, especially Health Canada could help Foreign Affairs He worked quietly behind the scenes as all his files.” in times that are difficult, in the long run, some argue, by opening Foreign Affairs struggled not only to clarify “He’s been the personi- it’s good to know that you it up. It could also spark some new and its role in a globalized 21st century, but in the fication of a great public have somebody up there in innovative ideas. face of spending cuts, mission closures—and servant, in my judgment,” the deputy’s chair that is “At the end of the day, it matters less in a Conservative government that kept the agreed Bill Tholl, former unflappable.” some sense where you come from than who department largely at arm’s-length. CEO of the Canadian Medical The key when dealing you are,” said Mr. Hampson. Mr. Edwards’s appointment followed what Association. “There are dep- with him, said Mr. Tholl, is to Yet there are also concerns that Mr. appears to have been a tradition: All Foreign uty ministers of health and Morris Rosenberg. be prepared. “Have your act Rosenberg’s lack of international experience, Affairs deputy ministers in recent memory there are deputy ministers together. He’s a very smart and the fact he doesn’t identify with DFAIT in have come from within the department. for health, and Morris is one guy and if he knows that the same way former foreign service officers Mr. Rosenberg’s appointment, however, of those who took health very, very seriously.” you’ve done your homework, he’ll pay a lot and others do will create problems—particu- changes that. He has law degrees from the Mr. Tholl said Mr. Rosenberg didn’t more attention to you.” larly given an apparent plan to significantly University of Montreal and Harvard, and know anything about the file when he was change the department. spent most of his career in Justice Canada, appointed deputy minister of Health Canada. Foreign experience essential? including six years as deputy minister. However, that didn’t hurt him. Despite the positive reviews, foreign New Business Model unveiled The only real breaks from the Justice “I know he spent the first six, nine months policy experts and former diplomats are Shortly before the prime minister department were three years as assis- listening very, very carefully to what the issues split on Mr. Rosenberg’s appointment. Many announced he was shaking up the top ranks tant deputy minister of the now-defunct are,” Mr. Tholl said. “He’s a smart guy, he takes acknowledge that DFAIT has long been a at Fort Pearson, Mr. Edwards, his counter- Consumer and Corporate Affairs depart- that all in. He never pretended to be an expert. virtual closed shop, which has created prob- part on the trade side, Louis Lévesque, and ment, five years in the Privy Council Office in But he has something that good deputies have, lems in the past. Foreign Affairs associate deputy minister the 1990s, and, since December 2004, deputy and that’s very, very good judgment.” “Frankly I think the place needs a bit of Gérald Cossette sent out a message to all minister of Health Canada. When Mr. Rosenberg took over Health a shake up, and clearly the kind of leader- DFAIT employees. His experience at Health Canada may offer Canada, the country was still feeling the ship that I have been calling for for a long the best barometer by which to measure what aftermath of SARS, while concerns over time has not been forthcoming from within Continued on Page 13           The President of the Russian Federation Dmitry Medvedev visited the Polish Embassy in Moscow. Dear friends, dear citizens of the Republic of Poland. I and all citizens of Russia are shocked by the terrible tragedy that occurred, the death of the President of the Republic of Poland Lech Kaczynski, his wife Maria, and all Polish citizens on board the plane that crashed near Smolensk. These days we have been holding joint commemorative events at Katyn and together we grieved for the victims of the totalitarian past. Lech Kaczynski flew to Russia to personally pay tribute to the perished Polish officers both as President and as their fellow citizen. All Russians share your grief and mourning. I promise that all the circumstances of this tragedy will be investigated with utmost care in close collaboration with the Polish authorities. I have given compre- hensive orders to this effect to law enforcement agencies. On behalf of the people of Russia, I want to express my deepest, most heartfelt condolences to the people of Poland, and my empathy and support to families and friends of the victims. Monday April 12, 2010 will be declared a national day of mourning in Russia. April 12, 2010, MOSCOW, Laying flowers before the photograph of President of Poland Lech Kaczynski and his wife Maria at the Polish Embassy Dmitry Medvedev had a telephone conversation he has given all necessary orders for a full and thorough investigation with Prime Minister of Poland Donald Tusk of the causes of the tragedy. The President expressed his sincere and profound condolences in con- Mr. Tusk thanked Dmitry Medvedev for his condolences and com- nection with the tragedy that occurred: the death of the President of Po- mended the swift speed with which the Russian authorities have taken land, his wife, and a large Polish delegation in a plane crash near Smolensk. concrete steps through the ministries and agencies concerned. Dmitry Medvedev informed the Polish Prime Minister of measures Both sides noted the need for close cooperation in the investigation of already taken and planned to investigate the crash, and stressed that the causes of the tragedy and their readiness to engage in such cooperation. EMBASSY, Wednesday, April 14, 2010—13 News

Continued from Page 12 or advice for about 10 years. So what do you do? You do these types of reviews.” “We are having to make tough deci- The message says: “Most employees will sions in light of the department’s financial not be affected” and that “some will continue pressures,” reads the internal email, which their work, but with different reporting rela- announced that a New Business Model was tionships or in newly created units; a small being implemented. number will move to new jobs after their While details were still unclear, the current positions are phased out.” However, senior officials said several bureaus and it also warned that senior managers will be divisions will be merged, including the sepa- affected, and that “a very small number of rate Foreign Affairs and International Trade employees, whose positions will be phased communications bureaus. The bilateral and out, will continue to receive their salaries and regional trade policy bureau will be elimi- report to their current supervisors” until a new nated while a new Canada bureau will be cre- position at an equivalent level could be found. ated to help trade commissioners working After years of relegation to the side- across Canada. lines by a government that is seen as The senior officials said the business not doing foreign policy combined with model “supports our commitment to rebal- spending cuts and potentially disrup- ance resources from Headquarters to the tive salary negotiations, those within the field” and will “improve the mobility of department may not take kindly to an employees between Headquarters, missions outsider coming in. and regional offices.” “I’m sure that given the recent history The new geographic bureaus are looking at Foreign Affairs, there is a bit of a shell at moving more “roles and responsibilities” shock mentality,” said former ambassador into the field. In particular, the most impor- Gar Pardy, who now runs the Retired Heads tant objective is to “encourage bilateral mis- of Mission Association, “and they will see sions to take increasing ownership of the this as another rock being thrown at them policy work, while progressively bolstering from downtown.” resources for mission operations.” However, Fen Hampson says Mr. Edwards Opinions are split on what this all means. was intentionally brought in to do the dull Some see it simply as smoke and mirrors as administrative shake-up the Conservative the department struggles to make ends meet government had been looking for. Now that at a time of extreme fiscal constraint. that is done, Mr. Rosenberg will be free to “Such restructuring comes and goes and concentrate on coming up with the big for- is roughly equivalent to moving the deck eign policy ideas and initiatives that have chairs around on the Titanic,” said Mr. Pardy. been sorely missing over the past few years. “With the budget cuts, there will be fewer “That will allow him to spend more of his

people and less program money to do the time, I would think, on what I would call the Photo: Sam Garcia work.” more creative policy innovation aspects of Added Mr. Copeland: “This is a foreign Canadian foreign policy,” Mr. Hampson said. Embassy ministry that hasn’t been called upon to “Len had to spend a lot of his time working International Trade deputy minister Louis Lévesque and his foreign affairs counterpart, Len develop much by way of foreign policy initia- to put these systems in place.” Edwards have announced the launch of a New Business Model that will change the department. tives or to provide much substantial analysis [email protected] National Security EMBASSY Emergency & Disaster Management

                                                          

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                              EMBASSY, Wednesday, April 14, 2010—14 News Gualtieri’s case ‘would have been an embarrassment’

Continued from Page 1 All of this backfired on the government, tleblowers. An organization often gets an air of Mr. Colvin himself has rejected the label prompting charges it was trying to bully and impenetrability, he said, such that “it has its own of whistleblower. After the initial contro- managers, including then-foreign minister intimidate Mr. Colvin and, after he appeared life,” and “winds up doing what it wants to do.” versy over his testimony hit the news in Lloyd Axworthy. An Ontario civil court ruled before the committee, trying to get back at “Anybody who says, ‘hey wait a minute, November, he released a letter through his against her in 2000, but in 2002, the Ontario him. Former ambassadors took the unusual you’re polluting,’ or ‘the research is flawed,’ lawyer where he wrote he was “not a whistle- Court of Appeal overturned the decision. step of writing a letter to the government or ‘the data you’re collecting is not pre- blower,” but rather “a loyal servant of the Ms. Gualtieri’s case was finally set to over the matter while the media and opposi- cise,’ or what have you—if the organization Crown who did his job...working through be heard by the Ontario Superior Court tion parties criticized the government for doesn’t want to deal with this stuff, then you internal and authorized channels.” on March 1 following eight years of pre- attacking a civil servant. wind up having penalties. For most people As this story went to press, Mr. Colvin was trial manoeuvering by government lawyers. Allan Cutler, a former Canadian public ser- there are consequences to this,” he said. in a hearing at the Military Police Complaints However, before it could start, a settlement vant who blew the whistle on Ms. Gualtieri started a vol- Commission with his lawyer, Owen Rees. was reached. As part of the settlement, Ms. the government’s payments to unteer organization focused on Mr. Rees could not be contacted in time for Gualtieri signed a confidentiality agreement. Quebec firms in what became whistleblower reform called publication. The Conservative government was not known as the sponsorship the Federal Accountability University of Ottawa law professor Errol in power during most of the duration of Ms. scandal, said the government Initiative for Reform (FAIR). Mendes said Ms. Gualtieri’s case may have Gualtieri’s case. However, it has come under may have been trying to avoid Current executive director been one of the few times where the federal intense criticism over the past five months having Ms. Gualtieri’s informa- David Hutton said that FAIR government actually succeeded in its push for its treatment of another Foreign Affairs tion become public. hears from someone roughly to “kill anything that is damaging.” employee. “Joanna’s case was going once a week, with federal pub- “In Gualtieri’s case it may have worked…. In November, Canadian diplomat to come to trial, and then it lic servants being about half The instinctive reaction is kill the news in Richard Colvin gave explosive testimony to would have become a pub- Photo: Carl Meyer of those. He said the most any way, shape or form,” he said. a Commons’ committee in which he said lic embarrassment much significant aspect of each case John Guenette, who originally sued the senior DFAIT and Defence department offi- more so because everything Embassy is the similarity of the stories. government with Ms. Gualtieri, was con- cials ignored repeated warnings throughout comes out,” said Mr. Cutler, Joanna Gualtieri. “It’s almost like there’s a play- tacted but declined comment. 2006 that civilians captured by Canadian who is a founding president book. When someone is seen as When asked about Ms. Gualtieri, depart- soldiers in Kandahar and handed over to of Canadians for Accountability. a threat to the organization, the tactics that are mental spokesperson Dana Cryderman com- Afghan officials were being tortured. “Every document, every word, every used to isolate them and punish them, harass mented by email that “this case regarding a Mr. Colvin said he was forced to appear delay that the government did, all becomes them and force them out of the workplace seem workplace issue was settled” and “the terms before the committee after being subpoenaed public property once it’s in court.” to be so consistent,” he said. of the settlement are confidential.” by a Military Police Complaints Commission and Experts say successive governments have Mr. Cutler agreed that it was a pattern, The confidential terms of the settlement told he could face jail-time if he didn’t testify. exhibited a pattern of repression when faced arguing that it was a “government” issue and mean Ms. Gualtieri could not publicly discuss However, he said government officials warned with public exposure of potentially explosive not a Conservative or Liberal one. any aspects of it, or of her case, with Embassy. him he could be imprisoned if he did testify. information, such as Mr. Colvin’s revelations “It does not seem to be getting changed. But during an interview at her Ottawa resi- After his testimony, the government, led or Ms. Gualtieri’s allegations of harassment. The whistleblowers in the federal system are dence, she did emphasize one part of her story by Defence Minister Peter MacKay, launched Steven H. Appelbaum, who studies whistle- not being respected,” he said. open to public discussion—that she wanted to a campaign—which included personal blowing and organizational behaviour at the Mr. Hutton said Mr. Colvin’s case “put thank members of the public who phoned and attacks—to discredit Mr. Colvin. In addition, University of Concordia’s John Molson School the issue of whistleblowing back in the emailed her expressing their support. the government initially refused to cover his of Business, said “there’s a whole science” to the limelight,” and as a result, the government “I was saved by the kindness, support and legal costs. question of how an organization deals with whis- “began to feel the heat.” loyalty of ordinary Canadians,” she said. 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Aujourd’hui, un comité d’experts de renommée internationale And now, an internationally renowned panel of experts affirme que, parmi les organismes de financement de la says that the CFI is the most successful research funding recherche de son genre, la FCI est celui qui connaît le plus de organization of its kind in the world. succès au monde. Find out more at Innovation.ca Pour en savoir davantage, rendez-vous à Innovation.ca Canada Arcticand the A European Union Cannon Arctic policy on Arctic power Page 16 Page 20 Nunavut: Waiting for the Balancing sovereignty fulfillment of promises and resource control Page 25 Page 24 Thawing out our northern Five concerns foreign policy Page 20 the government The Future History is ignoring Page 18 of the Arctic Page 27 Embassy Policy Briefing • April 14, 2010 Photo Illustration: NASA EMBASSY, Wednesday, April 14, 2010—16 Canada & The Arctic ‘Canada’s an Arctic power and we have to be prepared’: Cannon

wo years ago, the government unveiled a Yukon, Nunavut, so that they indeed knew board with the law of the sea? Tnew Northern Strategy in the federal budget. exactly what we were discussing, but these “On the North Pole, I don’t get overly excit- The crux of the plan was big-ticket items like are things that are common between states. ed with what the Russians do, quite honestly. a new Polar class icebreaker, mapping efforts “For instance, the Exxon Valdez, if anoth- We’ve seen for years a number of countries go involving the continental shelf as well as unex- er catastrophe like that takes place, search and put their flag on Mount Everest and say plored natural resource deposits on Canadian and rescue, emergency preparedness, it’s ‘We claim it.’ So whether you use a submarine territory, and a greater diplomatic effort. Canada and the United States that work on and you go do it there…it’s all going to be Foreign Minister Lawrence Cannon is the that. It’s not Sweden that works on that. It’s scientifically based on the Convention of the government’s pointman on the last part, not Finland that works on that. In the case Law of the Sea.” and he says he has taken a personal inter- of a disaster, a catastrophe, it’s the coun- est in selling Canada as an Arctic power to tries that indeed are responsible for their Back to the Northwest Passage…. When the world. However, that effort took a major border management that will do the task. So the United States sent a submarine…there hit on March 29 when US Secretary of State that is the position that Canada has taken. was a confrontation with Canada, where Hillary Clinton criticized Canada’s decision “We did have a discussion on this. I could Canada does say it’s its own territory. What to exclude three Arctic countries from a go so far as to say Secretary Clinton was in would happen in this case now that there is meeting of Arctic coastal states. complete agreement with the positions that more likelihood that there would be a pas- On April 1, Mr. Cannon sat down with were taken, although she did want to defend sage used by US ships, because it is water, CBS News’s Pamela Falk to tell his side the Arctic Council’s right, and we, once again, not ice, if it were to happen again? of the story, and explain to Americans agreed that the Arctic Council is the premier “Well, look, we’re going to assume our Canada’s Arctic vision. forum for discussions on all Arctic issues. responsibilities. We’re going to exercise our sov- The following is an edited transcript of “But when it comes to the sovereignty of ereignty. We feel that this is Canadian territory.” that interview: states, we won’t be dictated to as to what CBS News we must do and how we must go about Foreign Affairs Minister Lawrence Cannon. Exercising sovereignty meaning stopping Mr. Minister, let’s start with the conten- doing and exercising our sovereignty.” the US? tious issues. First of all, what was the con- Did you get any indication from the United “Well, we’re going to exercise sovereignty troversy, particularly about the Arctic with In what is usually a very friendly rela- States that they would ratify? by…diplomatic means. We won’t hesitate to the Secretary of State [Hillary Clinton], tionship between Canada and the United “No, I didn’t. I would leave Secretary Clinton send a diplomatic note to speak directly to and if you don’t mind answering the ques- States, it appeared to be somewhat sparks with that…. I think, you know, the Obama the government of the United States and say, tion, who owns the North Pole? flying. You’re very diplomatic, she’s very administration has indicated in the past that it ‘Look, this is Canadian territory, and we have “First let me point out that this meeting diplomatic, but she said she was notified does intend to do something in that regard. So longstanding claims to this territory.’ That’s was convened under the auspices of, first by these groups that they wanted to be myself and our government hope that in the what I mean by exercising our sovereignty. and foremost, the initiative of the govern- a part of it, and so there was a back-and- very near future that will be done. And the international community will, as ment of Canada, our initiative, to bring forth. Has all this been patched up? “We do have, and we’ve managed, conten- well, support our outstanding position.” together coastal states. Now, the coastal “The issue is [that] states actually prac- tious issues with the United States, as friends states [are] Russia, Canada, obviously the tice the politics of the geography, and that do, in a civilized manner. So we have a border What is your combined take on the off- United States of America, Norway as well as has been like that through the ages. So we dispute, particularly in the Beaufort Sea, as shore oil drilling? President Obama’s Denmark. And this is done purposely to be will continue to make our points known. to where that line is. That’s one of the issues. changed course, really, in giving this able to discuss issues that are common to “I actually, for instance, asked the United We’ve got Canada’s Northwest Passage, which green light. He was very much against it both Canada, the United States, obviously, States and suggested very strongly to my is somewhat contested by the United States during the campaign. Do you think you but to coastal states, generally speaking. colleague that very shortly the United government. It is in Canadian sovereign ter- will have environmentalists upset as he “What are those issues? The first issue States government follow up on their ritory. The United States government says does in the United States? is the delineation of the continental shelf intention to…ratify the United Nations it’s in international waters. We dispute that. “Canada has a regime in place that under the rules of the United Nations Convention of the Law of the Seas, which We’ve managed that since 1987. requires regulatory buy-in. We have envi- Convention of the Law of the Seas. actually is the governing body that tells us “But I think that as the ice is flowing—is ronmental laws that are respected, and any “The second issue that we wanted to be how to go about and do Arctic mapping.” melting, I should say—we need to now step company that wants to go and undertake able to discuss was search and rescue. What up to the plate and start doing the nego- a new drilling has to abide by our environ- happens in terms of emergency preparedness. Without the United States’ ratification of tiation that’s required to be able to make mental code, our environmental standards. So as the ice is melting in the Arctic and tem- the Law of the Sea, who decides not only sure that we know where our border is And so it is with any other country. For peratures change, obviously that opens up who owns it, but all of this offshore drill- between Canada and the United States on a instance, here in the United States. new routes to be able to go from, for instance, ing money, the minerals around the North going-forward basis, as well as determining, “We certainly believe that there is obviously London to Tokyo, either through the eastern Pole and in the Arctic generally? finally, the Northwest Passage, the Canadian potential; the High North and the Arctic have a side of the passage or the western side of the “What President Obama announced Northwest Passage. So those are the issues potential of over 13 to 20 per cent of untapped passage, which is on the Canadian side. was…within US territory and within the 200 that we need to look at.” oil reserve, a lot of natural gas, but we’ve put in “So that’s sort of the context, and we’re nautical miles economic zone, so we all pos- place our own policies, and we have our north- saying, ‘Well, I think we have to take stock sess that. When we talk about continental Just on the law of the sea and the question ern strategy. The pillars of that northern strat- of the fact that ice is melting, and yes, we do shelf mapping, that’s beyond that area.” about the North Pole, if the United States egy deal with, yes, economic development, yes, have to put in place policies that, in the event doesn’t sign on before these negotiations go governance structures, but obviously deal with that something occurs, we’ll be ready for it.’” Beside the fact that the United States hasn’t forward, the theory is that the four nations environmental sustainability. signed on to these limits, there’s generally involved will be making a decision among “So we are making sure that as we move So to some extent, this comes about agreement that there’s the 12 miles and the themselves and that the winner there will be forward eventually down that lane or down that because of global warming. 200-mile exclusive economic zone. the one fighting with the United States. road, we will protect the pristine nature of the “In many respects it does, Pamela. It “That’s right, so there’s no problem “Well, the idea here, Pam, is to be able environment, whether it be through drilling, comes about because of global warming from that perspective. What we find a little to, in Canada’s case, we will be tabling, for whether it be through fish harvesting. Those are and because of an increased attention that’s funny here is that we’ve got four coastal instance, the scientific research. We’ve got a the principles that we’ve put in place, and we being paid to the Arctic. Canada’s an Arctic states who have signed on to this, and said: date here at the United Nations to table it in want to make sure that they will be well respect- power and we, of course, look at this and ‘Look, when you’re doing the mapping of the front of the commission before or by 2013. ed, yet you cannot have any social development we say, well, we have to be prepared for it. continental shelf, it’s science-based.’ The So we are progressing on our timelines. in the High North without any economic devel- “Now, where there was a dispute was not convention writes out specifically what has “We’ve put a lot of money into this initia- opment. So both have to go hand in glove.” on those fundamental issues. The dispute was to be done, how it must be done, under what tive, and so we will be ready by 2013 to do it. there is another organization, which is known circumstances, what’s the delineation of, for The Russians have done it. The Danes have And is your sense, you are in favour of all as the Arctic Council, that sort of umbrellas instance, the ridges that are there, and so all just finished. I’m sorry, I think the Norwegians of this, what they call in the United States every gesture, every political action that’s that is done on a scientific base. have just completed that. The Danes are during the campaign, “drill baby, drill,” just taken in the North, and the Arctic Council did “Now, we work with the United States in doing it. So, we’re all getting there.” moving forward on the offshore oil drilling? not, was not invited to this meeting.” doing that mapping, as a matter of fact. We had “I don’t want to get involved in a domes- one of our icebreakers that is out there in the So the odd man out is the United States. tic debate that is ongoing here in the United And so ultimately the aboriginal groups summer months with Coast Guard vessels from “Well, yes, that’s it.” States. But I do think that as these fossil were left out. the United States, and that work is done togeth- fuels become more and more rare, because “Ultimately the permanent participants er. But I would hope that in the very near future, On that front, the Russians did drop a flag they do not regenerate themselves, we have were left out. I took upon myself to meet ratification takes place so that we will all five of and dropped an anchor and raised a flag to be able to at the same time look at what Canada’s permanent participants. I spoke to us have in place the policies that will govern the in 2007 and said, “We own it.” Has that renewable energy is.” our premiers in the Northwest Territories, the way we function in the High North.” calmed down? Are the Russians more on [email protected] THE MADE IN CANADA SOLUTION

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© 2010 Bell Helicopter Textron Canada Limited bellhelicopter.com Canada& The Arctic ers, itwouldneverbetoleratedin21 within theconstantreach ofsouthernreport- sohorrendousPoverty that,ifitoccurred of remote Canadawasoutlined. northern Canadians. Northern government couldhelpimprove thelivesof several commonthemesofhowthefederal guest speakerfrom enunciated theNorth panels.OnewasontheNorth. expert EMBASSY, Wednesday, April14,2010—18 C Promises Arctic of hollow co-operation ring rect whenshesaid,“Significantinternationaldis- is more inclusivebyhavingusthere.” themeetingtoshowthatCanada observe least— of hisdelegationto—atthevery nity here toinviteICCCanadabeapart Lawrence Cannon]hadauniqueopportu- Smith said,“He[Foreign Minister Affairs Circumpolar Councilpresident Duane be more inclusive.However, asInuit had committedthatfuture meetingswould even more concerning. major event,anditsrepeat inGatineauis groups wasanissuethatarose from that Arctic statesandcircumpolar indigenous similar statusforthismeeting. that meetingasanobserver, butwasdenied NDP criticforArctic sovereignty, Iattended Ilulissat, Greenland, inMay2008.Asthe even more exclusivethanthefirstheldin called fiveArctic coastalstatesandwas Gatineau, Quebec,onMarch 29. Iceland from theArctic summitmeetingin and Arctic stateslikeSweden,Finlandand excluded circumpolar indigenousgroups Change conference inDecember)whenit A Five Arctic concerns thegovernment isignoring groups across havecondemned theNorth abuse, butinthe meantime,numerous ing toeliminatetheroot causeofsubstance Of course,thegovernmentshould belook- to dealwithhighlevelsofsubstance abuse. expensive thaninCanadiancities. can bethree, four, fiveormore timesmore prohibitive costoflivingintheArctic, which south, butliveinextreme duetothe poverty same wageasanaverageCanadianinthe is thefactthatapersoncouldbemaking Canada.Perhaps ry whatisconfusingpeople First, the excessive poverty in many parts inmanyparts First, theexcessivepoverty During theevent,guestspeakerafter US Secretary of State Hillary Clintonwascor- ofStateHillary US Secretary Following theIlulissatmeeting,Canada More importantly, theexclusionofother This wasthesecondmeetingofso- Second isthelackofresidential facilities resumed, held32 theLiberalParty couple ofweeksbefore Parliament B mance attheCopenhagenClimate on theheelsofourshamefulperfor- tional relations black-eye(following anada received anotherinterna- AGNELL L ARRY B D EVINGTON

ENNIS

st -centu- Canada’s misguidedidentificationofRussia that thisisamovemadeasresult of over thisdisputedarea. (Onemightargue itscontroltaking unilateralactiontoexert is more than7,000square nauticalmiles. degrees westlongitude.Thearea ofdispute roughly 15-degree angletotherightof141 line betweenthetwocoastlinesoratana been definedandshouldfollowthemedian hasnot intheBeaufort maritime boundary intheBeringSea. boundary ened withthesettlementofRussia-US of longitudinalboundarieswasstrength- Great BritainandRussia.Theconcept the linewassetin1825treaty between the UnitedStateslies.Canadaargues that with Canada saysthemaritimeboundary longitude. Thisisthesamelineaswhere is141degrees westwestern boundary to 80degrees latitude.TheISR’s north Seafromincludes theBeaufort thecoast sovereignty is. of howwrong Canada’s approach toArctic its approach toArctic sovereignty. willing tobeco-operativeandinclusivein Gatineau, Canadahasshownthatitisnot from high-profile meetingsliketheonein Inuit ofNunavut.Byexcludingthesegroups TerritoriesInuvialuit oftheNorthwest and trol overArctic waterstogroups likethe protected treaties. live there, butduetotheirconstitutionally ty ishandled.Thisnotjustbecausethey a legitimateinterest inhowArctic sovereign- ity toworktogether, notcreate newdivisions.” I hopetheArctic willalwaysshowcaseourabil- who havelegitimateinterests intheregion. And cussions onArctic issuesshouldincludethose to the North and eventotheThroneto theNorth Speech self: wastheGovernmentofCanada listening? species neededforsubsistence move. bridges toresources melttooearly, and water andsewerlinesbuckle, iceroads and ing permafrost, roads andrunwaysbreakup, damaged orunderthreat. With rapidlymelt- isbeing economy andlivesofnortherners, resenting theinfrastructure backbone ofthe Arctic. Hundreds ofmillionsdollars,rep- occurring more rapidlythanCanada’s Nowhere intheworldisclimatechange agreements, failure loomsatthe doorstep. a livingimplementationinthespiritof to yoursideofatreaty, andfailtocreate and are lookingat.Butifyoufailtoliveup Aboriginal peoplearound theworldcan potentialpilotprojectsrevolutionary that many AboriginalgovernmentsintheNorth. It isperhaps themostseriousproblem facing tor generalhaspointedthisoutseveraltimes. Government Agreements of60.Theaudi- north modern treaties, theLandClaimandSelf problems withtheimplementationof stance abuse,suicideandincarceration. unemployment inremote communities,sub- serious problems intheArctic; highlevelsof outcomes wouldhelpalleviatemanyother are Parityin consistentlylowerintheNorth. of60. north ofresidentialthe dearth treatment centres Recently, theUnitedStateshasbegun However, theUnitedStatessays The InuvialuitSettlementRegion(ISR) The caseoftheInuvialuitisillustrative These treaties grantameasure ofcon- Canada’s Arctic indigenouspeopleshave Think backtothe primeminister’s visits havespoken.Nowaskyour- Sonortherners Fifth isadaptationtoclimatechange. Canada’s agreements northern are isthefactthatthereFourth are serious Third iseducation.Educationaloutcomes told theUSSenate,before theinauguration Arctic sovereignty isnow. Clinton AsHillary operation andinclusivenessindealingwith these words tobehollow. they talkofco-operation,theiractionsshow unwillingness toworkco-operatively. While are justthemostrecent exampleoftheir groups from therecent meetinginGatineau legitimate interests intheArctic. working co-operativelywithallwhohave waving, ratherthanengagingwithothersand flag internal politicalgainthrough military ministers are willingtoutilizetheArctic for demonstrated timeandagainthathehis to Arctic sovereignty. StephenHarperhas to stopitsthreat-based militaristicapproach take toprotect ourinterests intheArctic is Canadians willbedamaged. then theinterests oftheInuvialuitandall United Stateshaveafree handinthisarea, believedtobeinthearea.reserves due tothemassivepotentialpetroleum also hasaresponsibility toallCanadians integrity oftheISR.TheHarpergovernment mandated responsibility toprotect the Agreement, Canadahasaconstitutionally- Through thetermsofInuvialuitFinal ments, thenitisshirkingitsresponsibility. anything inresponse totheseencroach- managing thisdisputewellmeansnotdoing say thisisa“well-manageddispute.” these encroachments hasbeentosimply the disputedarea. Canada’s response to issuing petroleum explorationlicensesin Sea. Lastyear, thestateofAlaskaproposed including thedisputedarea oftheBeaufort fishing moratoriumoveritsArctic waters, as thethreat intheArctic.) Implementation. progress incorrecting themajorfailingsin tion? Stillthere nothingtoshow isvirtually land claimandself-government implementa- namely majorpriorityofnortherners, fourth these growing needs. ment’s budgetsare notkeepingpacewith as are tuitioncosts,yetthefederalgovern- institutionsisgrowing rapidly,post-secondary (andelsewhere)North whowishtoattend in Canada. significant wasoffered tostudentsanywhere education;infact,nothing post-secondary Arctic studentstohelpwiththehighcostof Nothing wasoffered tothevastmajorityof ers—education—the situationisnobetter. victims ofsubstanceabuse. successfullyassistingmany that were very 134 projects andinstitutionsacross Canada by closingtheHealingFoundationand uproar andemergency debatelastmonth giant stepbackward, andcausedanational abuse, thefederalgovernmenthastakena been made.Infact,inrelation tosubstance of substanceabuse,littleprogress has dential facilitiestodealwiththehighlevels QuebecandLabrador. andnorthern North, vival, especiallyintheHighArctic, therural little toalleviatetheexorbitantcostsofsur- these fivemajorprioritiesbeingdealtwith? Parliament. Doyouremember evenoneof and budgetnowbeingdebatedbefore Times havechangedandthetimeforco- Actions likefreezing outindigenous The firststeptheHarpergovernmentmust If theHarpergovernmentjustlets If theHarpergovernmentbelievesthat In 2009,theUnitedStatesimposeda And whathasbeentheresponse tothe The numberofaboriginalstudentsinthe On thethird pointmadebynorthern- In regards tothesecond,lackofresi- Inrelation tothefirst,poverty, there is for theArctic. Territories andtheNDPcritic for theNorthwest Territories, asalocation. concerns. IwouldsuggestInuvik,Northwest region where wehavethemostimmediate to re-establish abasisofco-operationinthe Territories, Yukon andAlaska,theUS the area, thegovernmentsofNorthwest Seaissues,engaging the peopleof Beaufort track byhostingamajormeetingonthe when itcomestodealingwithclimatechange. we are isolatedjustlikeweare beingisolated chance forco-operation.” see thatasoneofthoseareas a thatoffers sovereignty, “President-elect ObamaandI incoming Democrats’approach toArctic of BarackObama,whenaskedaboutthe the Yukon andthe LiberalcriticfortheArctic. tened? You bethejudge. HastheHarpergovernmentlis- the North. wholivein by thepeopleandexperts United Statesandwillbelostto Canada. renowned scientistswillagainhavetogothe Arrow fiasco.Nowmanyoftheseworld- governmentdecision:theAvroConservative etc. Onescientistcompared ittoanother baseline datacollection,highArctic studies, atmospheric studies,drought, climatechange, hundreds ofresearchers across Canada on Atmospheric Sciences),whichhasfunded (the CanadianFoundationForClimateand shutthedoorsofCFCAS get, effectively when thefederalgovernment,inthisbud- wasaghast (and especiallyintheNorth) renewed inthefuture. with noglimmerofhopethembeing ment islettingexistingprograms sunset, with majornewinvestments,thegovern- confronting crisishead-on thisnorthern ofclimatechange,instead on theNorth adaptation duetothedevastatingeffects have toabandonthetalksaltogether. this delay, someoftheseFirstNationswill their claim.Somebelievethatbecauseof the fishbeingstudiedare notinvolvedin cal pointinnegotiationsonhold,evenwhen and putnewlandclaimsthatwere inacriti- studyasanexcusetostall specific fishery Dennis Bevington is member of Parliament Dennis BevingtonismemberofParliament The governmentcouldgetbackon It istimewebeganco-operatingbefore Larry Bagnellismember ofParliamentfor Larry So there youhave it:fivemajorrequests The scientificcommunityacross Canada And onthefifthandlastpoint,for In fact,inBCthegovernmenthasuseda [email protected] [email protected]

DND Photo: Sgt. Frank Hudec

EMBASSY, Wednesday, April 14, 2010—20 Canada & The Arctic Thawing out Canada’s Arctic foreign policy

Avinash Gavai international regulations such as the Law of the Sea will help the Arctic states safeguard their interests amid what would otherwise ast summer, the government unveiled be a scramble for resources and increasing La blueprint for its Arctic policy. Entitled militarization. To this end, some are saying Canada’s Northern Strategy, the document Canada needs to start looking south to pro- laid out Ottawa’s intent to manage and protect tect its North. Canadian sovereignty over its resource-laden “I hope to see a strategy that would have territories on land and water, while addressing us engaged with the United States and ensure peripheral goals such as environmental protec- a common North American view of the future tion, employment and indigenous issues. of the Arctic be put together and presented While diplomatic efforts are also men- to the other members of the Arctic Council,” tioned—and have been cited by Foreign said Franklyn Griffiths, a retired professor at Minister Lawrence Cannon and Prime Minister the University of Toronto. “This is vital and Stephen Harper—experts say the strategy there seems to be an opportunity in that.” document largely relegates Arctic foreign Mr. Griffiths, who authored a comprehen- policy to the sidelines. As a result, there has sive study on Canadian Arctic strategy, noted been considerable uncertainty on what the that in 2013, Canada will take over as chair of government’s official position is with regards Photo: Sam Garcia the Arctic Council for two years. In 2015, the to key international issues, and what efforts United States will follow. “So there will be a it is making to achieve those unstated goals. Embassy four-year window to achieve certain North Ken Coates, an Arctic affairs expert and pro- Foreign Minister Lawrence Cannon and US Secretary Hillary Clinton in Gatineau on March 30. The day American objectives.” fessor at the University of Waterloo, has identi- before, Ms. Clinton scolded Canada for excluding Iceland, Sweden and Finland from an Arctic meeting. Co-operation between the two countries fied key areas which he feels are vital in assess- has been strong of late, with both coun- ing the impact of a robust diplomatic policy. experts, many who feel that Canada has not artic- Mr. Byers felt the decision to exclude the tries having undertaken a joint expedition These include understanding and responding ulated a clear and focused vision in this regard. three non-coastal states “was an overly nar- to survey the continental shelf in the Arctic to climate change in the North, joint moni- “I would like to see the Arctic put on the row focus on the issues that caused them to last August. However, the sensitive issue of toring and response to maritime accidents, agenda of leaders and would like to see it miss the larger diplomatic picture.” the Northwest Passage remains unresolved. and maintaining circumpolar control of Arctic in the agenda for the G8 meeting later this Experts say it’s not the only mistake that The Canadian government maintains that it issues in the face of growing demands by the year,” said Michael Byers, project leader of Canada has been making. Canada’s less than is Canadian waters, but various countries, EU, China, South Korea, Japan and others that ArcticNet, a federally-funded group of Arctic enthusiastic climate change policy—exem- including the United States, maintain that it they have a say over the opening of the Arctic. scientists. Mr. Byers noted that creating plified in last year’s Copenhagen summit— is an international strait or transit route. “In this context, diplomacy is critical on more inclusive representation at last month’s under the Harper government has come in Mr. Griffiths feels that increased bilateral all files,” he said in an email. “It is essen- Arctic coastal states meeting in Quebec from strong criticism in many quarters and co-operation will help to minimize the effects tial if indigenous collaboration across the would have provided far greater channels has a direct bearing on polar politics. of this disagreement. At the same time, he said circumpolar world is to be supported. It is and means where co-operation would have “The issue of climate change is now driv- policies towards Russia—often demonized in crucial to produce a regional science and been strengthened, thus adding legitimacy to ing everything in the Arctic, and, of course, some quarters as harbouring aggressive inten- environmental policy. It is essential on mat- Canada’s assertion of leadership. Canada is very much a laggard rather than a tions—have to be recalibrated in Canada. ters relating to transportation…circumpolar “It was a diplomatic error of calculation leader. As a result of our regressive position on “I’m not that worried about Russia diplomacy is absolutely critical.” to not invite Iceland, Sweden, and Finland climate change, it does affect our ability to lead because it has been working within the When asked about Canada’s Arctic for- for a couple of reasons—one of which is that and persuade on Arctic issues,” said Mr. Byers. framework of international law in the Arctic eign strategy, a spokeswoman for Mr. Cannon there is no disagreement between those three Meanwhile, the combination of climate and it has every incentive to continue to do said: “The Arctic is a priority for the Canadian countries and the so-called ‘Arctic 5,’” he said. change, a never-ending desire for energy so,” he said. government and Canada is playing a leader- Mr. Cannon has defended his decision to sources, and the prospect of new shipping That sentiment is echoed by Sergey ship role on Arctic issues internationally and host only the US, Russia, Norway and Denmark lanes offering commercial potential have Khudyakov, an official with the Russian at home. This government is dedicated to ful- at the meeting, saying the Arctic coastal states now conspired to create a situation where embassy, who said that “Canada is num- filling the North’s true potential as a healthy, have specific issues that need to be addressed Canada, along with the other seven Arctic ber one in our international Arctic strategy prosperous and secure region within a strong and are outside the concerns of fellow Arctic countries, have a great deal at stake in the because we co-operate very closely. Both and sovereign Canada.” but non-coastal states Iceland, Sweden and region; one-fifth of the world’s undiscovered our foreign ministers confirmed our common Mr. Coates’s view that urgency needs to be Finland. That didn’t stop those three coun- oil and gas is believed to be in the Arctic. ground [at the meeting in Chelsea] and com- accorded to building a credible foreign policy tries—and, surprisingly, US Secretary of State A growing consensus has emerged that mon approach to the Arctic problem.” in the Arctic is echoed by a number of other Hillary Clinton—from criticizing the move. proactive co-operation under firm binding [email protected] A European Union Arctic policy in the making

a Danish territory outside the EU, which and tourism, among others; it was simply ers of the UN Declaration on Indigenous nevertheless maintains strong interactions a logical step forward to set up a common Peoples Rights adopted in 2007; with the EU. basis for their implementation. ■ Promoting sustainable use of resourc- Secondly, the EU needed to have a com- Since Sweden and Finland joined the es. This includes environmental and safety prehensive basis to apply its large number EU in 1995, special attention has been sustainability, as well as access in line with of policies, programs and projects focus- given to the High North, and thus an EU the internationally recognized principles sing and benefitting the Arctic. The most Northern Dimension Policy was estab- mentioned in the UN Convention on the Law obvious example is the research policies lished, and later extended to Iceland, of the Sea; and MATTHIAS of the EU and of its member states, which Norway and the Russian Federation. The ■ Contributing to enhanced Arctic mul- for years have been at the forefront of Canadian and US observer status in the tilateral governance: We call for the respect BRINKMANN Arctic research, with the explicit objective Northern Dimension has been very valu- of UNCLOS, as the main convention appli- of co-operating and networking with Arctic able, particularly Canada’s active involve- cable to the Arctic Ocean, as well as other he European Union Arctic policy, grad- research centres and universities across the ment and contributions to the Northern Arctic international agreed conventions and ually shaped since 2008, was received entire Northern hemisphere. More recently, Dimension partnerships on environment structures (e.g. in the International Maritime in some circles with suspicion. I there- the EU contribution to the success of the and on health and social well-being. Organization). As well, we call for develop- Tfore appreciate this opportunity to International Polar Year has been recog- However, in addition to this successful ing internationally the applicable pieces clarify its origins and objectives. nized world-wide. policy, which concerns Europe and, in par- of legislation in order to ensure a specific Firstly, it is important to look at geog- Presently our main concern is to ticular, the northwestern region of Russia, Arctic focus. raphy. The EU has an Arctic component of ensure, together with all Arctic stakehold- we needed a truly circumpolar perspective. We recognize the Arctic Council as the which we feel proud. For example, we value ers, that the International Polar Year leg- The three main objectives of the EU’s Arctic key body for Arctic co-operation, and there- as part of European culture and diversity, acy is maintained and enhanced, and that policy largely coincide with the Canadian fore the European Commission has applied the Sami populations of northern Sweden an efficient system of Arctic observation Northern Strategy, and are the following: for the status of permanent observer. This and Finland. The Sami, along with the rest and monitoring is in place. But there are ■ Protecting and preserving the Arctic in would allow for an active involvement creat- of the EU Arctic population, are the engine many other EU policies that have a direct unison with its population. The rapid effects ing a win-win situation for all stakeholders, behind cross-border co-operation projects or indirect impact in the Arctic region, of climate change in the Arctic are of great including Canada. with the Russian Federation and Norway such as those of indigenous peoples, the concern to all of us. Furthermore, I would Matthias Brinkmann is the European in the Barents Euro-Arctic Region. Another environment, climate change, transport, like to recall that the European Union and Union ambassador to Canada. example is our solid links with Greenland, energy and natural resources, fisheries, its member states have been the promot- [email protected] This advertisement is sponsored by Canadians for a Nuclear Weapons Convention, with the support of Physicians for Global Survival and Canadian Pugwash Group.

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Bruce Aikenhead, Architect & Space Engineer David Crombie, Former Mayor of Toronto Donald Harron, Actor, Author & Playwright Thelma MacDonald, First Woman Mayor of Souris, PEI Roderick Robbie, Architect, Designed SkyDome, ExpoBldgs Lincoln Alexander, Was Lieut.Governor of Ont. David Cronenberg, Film producer and Director Brent Hawkes, Senior Pastor, Metropolitan Community Church Julien Mackay, Lawyer Edward Roberts, Was Lieut. Governor of Newfoundland & Labrador Warren Allmand, Human rights consultant Roméo Dallaire, Senator, Author & Lieutenant General (Rtd) Linda Haynes, Co-Founded ACE Bakery Ltd. Ross MacKay, Geographer (Arctic Permafrost) John Peter Roberts, Founder & President, Glenn Gould Foundation Mary Allodi, Art Historian, Royal Ont. Museum William Daniel, Engineer; Former President of Shell Oil Canada Raymond Heimbecker, Cardiovascular Surgeon Ronald MacLeod, Leader in the Pacific fishing industry Douglas Roche, Author; was Senator & Canadian Disarmament Ambassador Richard Alway, Was President, University of St. Michael’s College, Toronto Barnett Danson, Former Minister of National Defence Gerald Helleiner, Development Economist, University of Toronto Margaret MacMillan, Historian, Author Robert Ross, Emeritus Prof of Medicine Neurology Murray Angus, Human Rights Activist Catherine Delaney, Businesswoman & Philanthropist David Helwig, Writer, Poet Teresa MacNeil, Adult Educator Joseph Rouleau, Opera Bass & Pres. Les Jeunnesses Musicales du Can. Istvan Anhalt, Musician & former Head of Music, Queen’s Univ. Rock Demers, Director & Producer of Children’s Films Ydessa Hendeles, Art Collector & Curator Garfield Mahood, Non-Smokers’ Rights Association Byron Rourke, Learning Disabilities Psychologist Fernand Arsenault, Education, Culture & Minority Rights Activist Peter Desbarats, Journalist; was Dean, Grad School Journalism, University Lyman Henderson, Writer and Business Consultant Léon Major, Washington, DC. Opera Director Claude Roussel, Sculptor & Painter Harry Arthurs, President, York University, Toronto of Western Ontario Thomas Hendry, Producer, Administrator Aidan Maloney, Director, Canadian Saltfish Corporation; was Consul Jean-Louis Roux, Co-Founded National Theatre School Margaret Atwood, Poet, Novelist & Critic Thomas De Koninck, Was Dean of Philosophy., Université Laval Jacques Henripin, Demographer. »Father of Quebec Demography” Gen of Japan to NL Louis-Joseph Roy, Surgeon; & Past President, Québec Medical Assn. Paul Audet, Journalist; was CEO of «Le Soleil» Louis Desrochers, Lawyer Martha Henry, Actress & Director, Stratford Festivals Robert H. Marchessault, Polymer Chemist Muriel Rent Roy, Historian of Acadian Heritage Lloyd Axworthy, President & Vice Chancellor, University of Winnipeg Jan de Vries, Veteran. Founded Living History Speakers Bureau Margaret Hess, Artist & President, Calgary Zoo Michael Marrus, Historian Susan Rubes, Founder & Producer, Young People’s Theatre Frederic Back, Film Animator A.J. Diamond, Architect. Jacques Hetu, Musician & Composer (deceased) John Matheson, Was Judge & Pearson’s Parliamentary Secretary Peter Russell, Political Scientist (Admin. of Justice) Constance Backhouse, Lawyer, Mediator, Women’s Historian Jennifer Dickson, Painter, Photographer & Printmaker Angela Hewitt, Pianist; “musical ambassador.for Canada” Arthur May, President & Vice Chancellor, Memorial University. Nancy Ruth, Senator and Philanthropist Charles Baillie, Banker & Philanthropist Charles Diemer, Dairy Farmer and Pioneer in Cooperative Union of Ontario Meg Hickling, Sexual Health Educator Elizabeth May, Leader of Green Party of Canada; was Executive Director, Sierra Club Ann Saddlemyer, Historian Tommy Banks, Musician and Senator for Alberta Henry Dinsdale, Was President., Royal College of Physicians & Surgeons Charles Hill, Curator & Art Historian Gordon McBean, Climate & Disasters Scientist Edward Safarian, Economist Marcel Barbeau, Painter and Sculptor Léo A. Dorais, Founding Rector, Université du Québec à Montréeal Margaret Hilson, Was Head, International Program, CPHA James McCambly, Was Founding President, Canadian Federation of Labour Annette Saint-Pierre, Promoter of Francophonie in Western Canada Ralph Barford, Businessman; President of GSW, etc Roger Dorton, Civil Engineer John Hobday, Executive Director, Bronfman Family Foundation Alexa McDonough, President, Mount St. Vincent University Genevieve Salbaing, Choreographer & Artistic Dir.,Ballets Jazz de Mont’l Harvey Barkun, Was E/D, Assn of Canadian Med. Colleges John Dossetor, AB Physician; Co-founded Kidney Foundation Peter Hogg, Constitutional lawyer Pearl McGonigal, Former Lieut. Governor of Manitoba. James Sanders, President, Can. National Institute for the Blind Christopher Barnes, Earth Scientist Francis Patrick Doyle, Physician Catherine Hooper, Community organizer Don McKay, Nature Poet Peter Savaryn, Lawyer; Former Chancellor, Uof Alberta Henry Barnett, Neurologist (Prevention of Strokes) Garth Drabinsky, Theatrical Producer Myer Horowitz, Was President. University of Alberta John McKellar, Lawyer & cofounder of Theatres (Crest, Tarragon, Augusta etc.) Ezra Schabas, Was Principal, Royal Conservatory of Music Gerald Barr, President, Canadian Council for International Cooperation Stephen Drance, Physician; Head, UBC Dept Opthalmology Norman Horrocks, Library Science, Dalhousie U. Audrey McLaughlin, Was Leader of NDP William Schabas, Lawyer. Helped create International Criminal Court John Barron, Musical Educator Jacques Dubois, Physician Eric Hoskins, Co-founded War Child Canada Gerald McMaster, Artist & Curator, Art Gallery of Ontario Paul Schurman, Former Broadcaster William Barton, Was Canadian Ambassador to the United Nations Muriel Duckworth, Peace Educator; Co-founded Voice of Women Stuart Houston, Diagnostic Radiologist Roy McMurtry, Was Chief Justice of Ontario Irving Schwartz, Entrepreneur; Co-founded Canadian International De-mining Centre Michel Bastarache, Was Judge of the Supreme Court of Canada Calixte Duguay, Writer, Composer, Singer, Producer Mel Hurtig, Journalist, Author. Published Canadian Encyclopedia Ian McWhinney, Was known as the Father of Family Medicine Alfred Scow, Founded Canadian Indian Lawyers Assn. Robert Bateman, Wildlife Artist & Painter Mathieu Duguay, Musician. Founder, Baroque Music Festival Helen Huston, Physician (30 years in Nepal) Jonathan Meakins, Head, Surgical Services, McGill Univ Charles Scriver, President of American Pediatric Society Gregory Baum, Theologian. Professor of Religious Studies, McGill University Marcel Dutil, Businessman Tony Ianzelo, Cinematographer (100+ NFB films) John Meisel, Political Scientist, Queen’s University; was Chair, CRTC Ed Sebestyen, CM. Saskatoon, SK. Community Service D.W. Baxter, Neurologist. Directed Montréal Neurological Institute. Alan Earp,President & Vice Chancellor,Brock Univ. Elke Inkster, Book Publisher (The Porcupine’s Quill) Alexander Meisels, Cytopathologist Hugh Segal, Senator & Columnist Iain Baxter, Artist & Professor at University of Windsor Michael Eaton, Scientist (Hydrography); “Father of the Electronic Chart” Tim Inkster, Book Publisher (The Porcupine’s Quill) Pierre Meloche, Businessman (Group Insurance) Raymond Setlakwe, Lawyer and Businessman Richard Beamish, Fisheries Scientist James Eayrs, Author (Military-Political History) Laurent Isabelle, Past President of Algonquin College, Ottawa Brenda Milner, Neuropsychologist John Sewell, Lawyer; was Mayor of Toronto; founded Citizens for Public Justice George Beaton, Nutrition Scientist Iwan Edwards, Musician. Chorus Master, Montréal Symphony Richard M. Ivey, Businessman Robert Moody, Mathematician Jack Shapiro, Businessman & Chair, Canadian Cancer Action Network Murray Beck, Political Scientist James Edwards, RCAF; Flew 370 combat missions in WWII Richard W. Ivey, Entrepreneur. Chair & CEO, Ivest Corporation Raymond Moriyama, Architect Richard Sharpe, Businessman. John Beckwith, Music Director, Composer, Performer Atom Egoyan, Filmmaker Henry Jackman, Was Lieut. Governor of Ontario Lawrence Morley, Geophysicist Shirley Sharzer, Journalist; was Dy Man Editor, Toronto G&M Paul Beeston, Businessman & President, Toronto Blue Jays Robert Elgie, Neurosurgeon & lawyer Yves Jasmin, Was Public Relations Director, EXPO 67 Avrum Morrow, Businessman & Philanthropist Donald Shaver, Agriculturalist. Was CEO, Shaver Poultry Breeding Farms Jean-Luc Bélanger, Community Sports Activist; “father of Acadian Games” John Ellis, Banker. Was Vice Chair, Bank of Montréal Tamara Jaworska, Fiber Artist (Tapestry) Ann Mortimer, Ceramist; Past President of Canadian Guild of Potters George Shields, Specialist on the Speech Disabled Jenny Belzberg, Philanthropist Gordon Emberley, Aviation Historian & Conservator Douglas Jay, Founding Dir, UofT Toronto School of Theology Balfour Mount, “Father of Palliative Care in N.A.”. Michael Shenstone, Was Ambassador & Director-General Africa & Mid Avie Bennett, Philanthropist. Headed McClelland & Stewart Robert Engle, Founded NorthWest Transport and NW Territorial Airways Pierre Jeanniot, General Manager, IATA; was President, Air Canada Heather Munroe-Blum, Principal, McGill University Eastern Affairs Mario Bernardi, Orchestra Conductor; founded NAC Symphony John English, Prof of History & Political Science, U of Waterloo Jean-Paul Jeannotte, Artistic Director, Montréal Opera Robert G. Gray Murray, Microbiologist David P. Silcox, Biographer; President of Sotheby’s Canada Stan Bevington, Publisher & Founder, Coach House Press Sorel Etrog, Sculptor Kenneth Jenkins, Retired Biochemist Robert George Murray, Sculptor Louis Siminovitch, Research Director, Mount Sinai Hospital Gurcharan Bhatia, Judge Paul Fazio, Civil & Environmental Engineer Jon Jennekens, Engineer; former Pres & CEO, Atomic Energy Control Board T. Jock Murray, Litt Physician (M.Sclerosis) Gordon Slemon, Electrical Engineer James Black, Retired Businessman. William Feindel, Neurosurgeon & Curator, Penfield Archive Eric Jerrett, Architect & Engineer Helen Mussallem, Was Executive Director, Canadian Nurses Association Ian Smillie, Co-founded Inter Pares David Blackwood, Painter & Printmaker Ivan Fellegi, Was Canada’s Chief Statistician Norman Jewison, Filmmaker; won 9 Academy Awards Fraser Mustard, Cardio-vascular Disease Specialist Gordon Smith, Visual Artist Allan Blakeney, Former Premier of Saskatchewan Solange Fernet-Gervais, Agriculturalist. Was Director, Can Fed of Agriculture Sven Johansson, Arctic Specialist & Dance Choreographer Alex Neve, Lawyer & Executive Director of Amnesty International Canada Gérard Snow, Lawyer & Jurilinguist Michael Bliss, Historian, Univ. of Toronto Paterson Ferns, Film & TV Producer; was Director, CBC films & TV Marcel Junius, Architect/Urban Planner Andrina Newbery, Community Service incl. Native Studies & Burwash Projects Michael Snow, Painter, Sculptor, Musician Robin Boadway, Scholar in Public Sector Economics Sheila Fischman, Literary Translator Karen Kain, Principal dancer with National Ballet of Canada Peter Newbery, Physician; UCC Minister; Dir, UBC Dept of Family Practice Theodore Sourkes, Scientist (Parkinson’s and Hypertension) Bruno Bobak, Artist James D. Fleck, Chair, Business for the Arts Cyril Kay, Prof Emeritus Biochemistry, University of Alberta Hanna Newcombe, Chemist & Peace Researcher Jeffrey Spalding, President, Royal Academy of Arts Molly Lamb Bobak, Artist Marielle Fleury, Fashion Designer Terry Kelly, Blind Musician & supporter of CNIB Peter Newman, Biographer; Was Editor of Maclean’s Erik Spicer, Parliamentary Librarian Emeritus. Douglas Bocking, Physician Morris Flewwelling, Educator in Heritage Preservation Betty Kennedy, Retired Senator and Broadcast Journalist Christopher Newton, Artistic Director, Shaw Festival Richard Splane, Professor Emeritus, Social Policy, UBC Colette Boky, Soprano (Met Opera & Vienna Folksoper); Director, Atelier d’Opera Joan Ford, Physician & President Trans Himalayan Refugee Society Garry Kennedy, Visual Artist. Was Head, NS College of Art & Design John Nichol, Founding Chair, Pearson College, Victoria, BC Verna Splane, Was Principal Nursing Officer, Health & Welfare Edsel Bonnell, Journalist; former Chief of Staff for two Premiers Tom Forrestall, Artist Tom Kent, Was Chair, Royal Commission on Newspapers Phil Nimmons, Director, Emeritus, Jazz Studies, University of Toronto Arnold Spohr, Founder of the Royal Winnipeg Ballet Claude Bourque, Journalist and Broadcaster Ursula Franklin, Prof Engineering. Peace Educator Azhar Ali Khan, Journalist Alanis Obomsawin, Aboriginal People’s TV Network Boris Spremo, Photojournalist; Fellow, Royal Society of Canada Newton Bowles, UNICEF Policy Advisor Margot Franssen, Founded The Body Shop Canada Bruce Kidd, Educator & Olympic Athlete John O’Donnell, Musician & Director, “Men of the Deeps” Brian Sproule, Pulmonary Medicine Specialist Liona Boyd, Classical Guitarist Clarke Fraser, Prof Emeritus, Human Genetics, McGill U. Joy Kogawa, Poet Timothy Oke, Geographer Joseph Stangl, Was President, Canadian School Trustees Assn. Suzanne Bradshaw, Musician & Choir Leader John Fraser, Journalist & Master of Massey College Wanda Koop, Visual Artist Bruce Oland, Veteran & Businessman Mark Starowicz, CBC Producer (As It Happens, Sunday Morning) Arthur Braid, Lawyer; was Dean of Law, University of Manitoba John Friesen, Veteran; was Director of University of BC Extension Dept Kenneth Kramer, Co-Founded Regina Globe Theatre Huguette Oligny, Actress “A grande dame of Canadian Theatre” Robert Stephens, Physician. Established hospital centres in Africa Raymond Breton, Sociologist John Fryer, Was Pres of National Union of Public & General Employees Marcel Kretz, Master Chef Michael Ondaatje, Novelist and Poet Stratton Stevens, Businessman (Real Estate) Alan Broadbent, President of the Maytree Foundation Margaret Fulton, Was President Mount St. Vincent University. Anton Kuerti, Musician & Co-Founder, Concertmasters John O’Neill, Was Provincial Commissioner on Human Rights Alec Stewart, Prof Emeritus in Physics, Queen’s University Edward Broadbent, Former Leader of NDP; was President of Rights & Democracy Kenneth Fyke, Hospital Administrator Anita Kunz, Illustrator Sylvia Ostry, Head, OECD Dept Economics & Statistics Boris Stoicheff, Physicist ( Spectroscopy, Optics) Dave Broadfoot, Actor and Writer Michel Gagné, Special Education Worker & Municipal Councillor Eva Kushner, Was President, Victoria University of the University of Toronto Walter Ostrom, Ceramic Artist Grant Strate, Founded Dance Dept., York University Timothy Brodhead, McConnell Foundation President; was President of CCIC Jay Gajjar, Community Fundraiser Ernie Kuyt,Retired Wild Life Biologist (Whooping Cranes) Bridglal Pachai, Historian; was Executive Director, NS Human Rights Commn. David Suzuki, Environmentalist; Science Broadcaster A.A. Bronson, Artist, Writer. Co-founded Art Metropole Corinne Gallant, Women’s Rights Activist Donat Lacroix, Fisherman, Singer, Composer, Actor Charles Pachter, Visual Artist Constance Swinton, Public Health Nurse (longtime in SE Asia) Pierre Brouillette, Semantic Lorette Gallant, Musician; “Singing Ambassador of Acadia” Jack Laidlaw, Dir. Inst. of Medical Science, Uof T P.K. Page, Poet and Artist Takao Tanabe, Landscape Artist James Bruce, Natural Disasters Environmentalist Roland Gauvin, Singer & Composer Zaheer Lakhani, Cardiologist John Panabaker, Businessman & Chancellor, McMaster U. Ronald Tasker, Neurosurgeon Fred Bruemmer, Photographer (Canadian North) Patsy George, Social Worker Leslie Laking, Director Emeritus, Royal Botanical Gardens Timothy Parsons, Oceanographer Veronica Tennant, Was National Ballet of Canada’s prima ballerina Thomas Brzustowski, Mechanical Engineer Paul Gérin-Lajoie, Former President of CIDA Roger Lalonde, Businessman & French Culture Activist Daniel Paul, Human Rights activist. Elder of Mi’kmaq Nation David Thauberger, Painter and Teacher Judd Buchanan, Was Federal Cabinet Minister John W. Gerrard, Head of Pediatrics, University of Sask. Phyllis Lambert, Founded Canadian Centre for Architecture Howard Pawley, Former Premier of Manitoba Lionel Théoret, Founder of Centre Epic for preventing heart disease Peter Buckland, Structural Engineer (Lions Gate Bridge) Maynard Gertler, Publisher & Agriculturalist Arthur Lamothe, Film Maker & Director, Native Canadian Theatre Thomas Peacocke, Theatre Director and Actor Ian Thom, Art Curator Judith Budovitch, Community Educator Alan Giachino, Volunteer Orthopaedic Surgeon Aldéa Landry, Chaired Atlantic Prov. Econ Council Landon Pearson, Author on Children’s Rights; Former Senator Paul Thompson, Theatrical Producer; founded Theatre Passe Muraille Edward Burtynsky, Photographer Graeme Gibson, Novelist; Co-founded Writers Union of Canada Antoine Landry, Heritage & Community Devt Activist Donat Pharand, Prof of Law Emeritus (Law of the Sea) Murray Thomson, Co-Founded Project Ploughshares George Butterfield, Businessman and Philanthropist William Gibson, Established Department of Medicine at UBC Edmond E. Landry, Former businessman and mayor David Phillips, Climatologist & Meteorologist Shirley Thomson, Was Director of the National Gallery of Canada Iona Campagnolo, Former Federal Cabinet Minister Mallory Gilbert, Former General Manager, Toronto’s Tarazon Theatre Eva Landry, Educator. First woman Inspector of Schools in NS Walter Pitman, Adult Educator; was Director of OISE, University of Toronto Kenneth Thorlakson, Surgeon David Campbell, Entrepreneur (Cable TV) Alastair Gillespie, Former Federal Minister of several Departments Robert Landry, Business man (Oil Executive) Christopher Plummer, Actor Setsuko Thurlow, Founder, Japanese Family Services Lorne Campbell, Former President, Canadian and Manitoba Bar Assns. Robert Gillham, Earth Scientist Michele Landsberg, G&M & Toronto Star Columnist; Edited Chatelaine André Poilièvre, Youth Worker.( CorrectionalCentre) Vincent Tovell, Radio & TV Producer Mel Cappe, Public Service (Clerk of the Privy Council & Secretary to the Cabinet) Margie Gillis, Dancer and Choreographer Laurier LaPierre, TV Journalist & Commentator Charles-Albert Poissant, Businessman (Tax Legislation) William Toye, Editor & Publisher Bonnie Cappuccino, Co-founded Child Haven in India Rober Giroux, Pres. Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada Elizabeth Lane, Research Chemist John Polanyi, Nobel laureate (Chemistry) Peter Trueman, Journalist; anchored Global TV News Fred Cappuccino, Unitarian Minister. Co-founded Families for Children Canada Don Glendenning, Educator. Co-founded Holland College Philip Lapp, Engineer Neville Poy, Plastic Surgeon Edward Turner, Was, Pres, Sask Wheat Pool & Chancellor, Uof S Tantoo Cardinal, Actress. Founded Sask.Native Theatre & Aboriginal performing arts Robert Glossop, Executive Director, Vanier Institute of the Family Dennice Leahey, Businesswoman; was Senior VP, RBC Financial Group Eva Prager, Founder of Children for Peace John Turner, Lawyer; former Prime Minister of Canada Robert Carsen, Director of Operas (Paris, Venice, Japan) Norman Goble, Was Secretary-General, CTF & World Teach Confederation Diana Fowler LeBlanc, Spouse of the 25th Governor General of Canada Christopher Pratt, Painter; designed Newfoundland & Labrador flag Jane Urquhart, Novelist. Won Trillium Prize, GG’s Award for Fiction Walter Carsen, Industrialist & Philanthropist Charles Godfrey, Prof Emeritus, U of Toronto (Medicine) John Leberg, Musician. Invented Language Subtitles for Operas Cranford Pratt, Was Director, U of Toronto International Studies & first Tony Urquhart, Artist. Founded Canadian Artists Representation Allan Carswell, Physicist & Entrepreneur Dale Godsoe, Women’s Rights Activist Claude LeBouthillier, Novelist, Columnist & Poet President U of Tanzania Gerald VandeZande, Co-Founded & was E/S, Citizens for Public Justice Charles Catto, Clergyman & Founding Director, Frontiers Foundation Ted Godwin, Painter Mary-Jo Leddy, Founder of the Catholic New Times Mary Pratt, Visual Artist Blanche Van Ginkel, Architect & Urban Planner Joan Chalmers, Philanthropist Richard Goldbloom, Was Physician-in-Chief, Walton Killam Children’s Hospital Dennis Lee, Co-Founded House of Anansi Press Raymond Price, Geologist (Evoln of Rockies) Jean Vanier, Theologian; founder of L’Arche Savvas Chamberlain, Businessman Ruth Goldbloom, Was Chancellor, Technical University of Nova Scotia Viola Léger, Actress and former senator J. Robert Prichard, Pres & CEO, Metrolinx. Was President, Univ. of Toronto Pierre Viens, Infectious, parasitic diseases specialist Saul Cherniack, Lawyer; was Dy. Premier of Manitoba Victor Goldbloom, Was Québec’s first Minister of the Environment Martin J. Légère, Founder, Féd. des caisses populaires acadiennes Dorothy Pringle, Dean Emeritus, Faculty of Nursing, Univ. of Toronto John Wada, Neuroscientist (treatment of Epilepsy) Warren Chippindale, Chair, Montreal Neurological Institute Martin Goldfarb, Busi.nessman and Philanthropist David Leighton, First Canadian President of Amer. Marketing Assn Valerie Pringle, Journalist and TV host Norma Walmsley, Founder of MATCH International Victor Cicansky, Sculptor Andrew Goussaert, Founded Canadian Arctic Cooperative Fedn in NW Territories Marguerite Lescop, Writer. Co-Founded Editions Lescop Richard Puddephatt, Professor of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario John Warkentin,Historical Geographer Michael Clague, Community Educator Anthony Graham, Cardiologist & Prof of Medicine, UofToronto Joseph Letendre, Orthopaedic Surgeon Jack Rabinovitch, Businessman & Philanthropist Gary Warner, Dept French & Peace Studies Centre, McMaster University Barbara Clark, Music Educator and Choral Conductor Charlotte Gray, Historical Biographer Rita Letendre, Pioneered abstract art in Québec Royden Rabinowitch, Sculptor; with works in more than 50 museums worldwide Mamoru Watanabe, Pioneered Telemedicine Ian Clark, Professor of Public Policy, University of Toronto John Gray, Playwright & Composer Jacques Lévesque, Was Dean of Political Science, UQAM Robert Rae, Liberal Foreign Affairs Critic Patrick Watson, Was TV Producer & Chair, CBC Ronald Cleminson, Directed Canada Verification Research at DFAIT Shirley Greenberg, Lawyer, Women’s Rights Advocate, Philanthropist Stephen Lewis, Was Can Ambassador to UN & its Special Adviser on Africa Nina Raginsky, Photographer, Sculptor and Painter Phyllis Webb, Poet & Prof of Creative Writing Bruce Cockburn, Musician & Songwriter Claude Grenier, Ceramic Artist (Aboriginal art, handicrafts) Gérard Limoges, Chartered Accountant Lola Rasminsky, Arts Education for Children Norman Webster, Was Editor-in-Chief, G&M & Montréal Gazette Joy Coghill-Thorne, Actress of stage, TV and film Stanley Grizzle, Trade Unionist (Human Rights) Roy Lindseth, Geophysicist (Seismic Signal Processing) Naz Rayani, Pharmacist William Weintraub, Journalist, Filmmaker (150 NFB Films) Albert Cohen, President, GENDIS, Inc. Phyllis Grosskurth, Biographer Leonard Lockhart, Businessman, Chaired Greater Moncton Economic Commn Ernie Regehr, Co-founded Project Ploughshares; Adj. Prof. University of Waterloo Boyd Wettlaufer, Archeologist, Focused on Plains First Nations John Colombo, Author & Editor Irene Grant Guerette, Artist & Community Educator Diane Loomer, Founded & Directs Elektra Women’s & Choir Leoni Choirs Dennis Reid, Research Curator, Art Gallery of Ontario Frederick Wiegand, Surgeon; Médecins Sans Frontières Alex Colville, Teacher, Designer, WWII Painter Ramsay Gunton, Cardiologist (Cardiac Catheterization) Alexina Louie, Classical Musician Fiona Reid, Actress Blossom Wigdor, Gerontologist, Founded Centre for Studies in Aging Thomas Condon, President, NB Symphony Grete Hale, Businesswoman Frederick Lowy, Psychiatrist Ian Reid, Physician & Community Health Programs Ian Wilson, Was National Archivist of Canada Martin Connell, Co-Founded Calmeadow Foundation Douglas Hall, Prof. of Christian Theology, McGill University Harry Lumsden, Biologist. International authority on grouse & waterfowl Boyce Richardson, Journalist, Writer, NFB Narrator Lois Wilson, President, Can & World Councils of Churches Auréa Cormier, Anti-Poverty Activist Francess Halpenny, Librarian, Edited Dictionary of Canadian Biography Janet Lunn, Writer; chaired Writers Union of Canada Kathleen Richardson, Philanthropist Morden Yolles, Structural Engineer Gisèle Côté-Harper, Lawyer. Board Chair, Rights & Democracy Stuart Hamilton, Musician Manoly Lupul, Prof of Ukrainian Studies Donald Rickerd, Lawyer; was President, Donner Canadian Foundation Noreen Young, Master Puppet Builder & Puppeteer Albert Cox, Physician; was Dean, Fac. Medicine, Memorial U, NL Stephen Hanessian, Pharmacy Research, Chemistry Dept University de Montréal Norman Lush, Neurologist Wayne Riddell, Musician. Choral Master, Montréal Symphony Orchestra Eberhard Zeidler, Architect (McMaster Health Sc Centre) Purdy Crawford, Lawyer & Corporate Philanthropist Buzz Hargrove, Former President, Canadian Auto Workers Flora MacDonald, Former Minister of External Affairs Bernard Riordon, Director, Beaverbrook Art Gallery Joyce Zemans, Art Historian; was Head of the Canada Council Anne Crocker, Librarian Emerita, University of New Brunswick Richard Harington, Curator, Quarternary Zoology Emeritus H. Ian Macdonald, Former President, York University Margaret Ritchie, President of Human Rights Institute Of Canada Adam Zimmerman, Businessman; was Chairman, CD Howe Institute These endorsements of a Nuclear Weapons Convention express the view of 505 individual recipients of the Order of Canada. Their views do not necessarily reflect those of the Order itself. EMBASSY, Wednesday, April 14, 2010—22 Canada & The Arctic Ensuring sustainable management of the Arctic

patterns of important fish stocks and make Estimates indicate that large volumes of oil sharing best practices. During the Norwegian them available in the Arctic Ocean. and gas remain to be found in the area—espe- chairmanship of the Arctic Council, we The coastal states bordering the Arctic cially offshore. These energy resources may started with best practices for ecosystems- Ocean—all parties to the UN Fish Stocks be vital for future world energy supplies and based ocean management. We should now Agreement—share responsibilities for the could provide income and local employment. continue with more specific aspects of petro- JONAS GAHR conservation and management of the fisher- We still need to develop new technology leum management. Our various systems for ies resources in this ocean. Fisheries man- to enable operations under Arctic condi- impact assessments could be the next step. STØRE agement in the Arctic Ocean should follow tions. The investments required will be Another element could be to facilitate the same rules and principles as manage- considerable, and increasing use of uncon- co-operation within the industry in our he vast area of the Arctic creates ment in other areas, including the regional ventional gas, particularly shale gas, might respective countries. We have co-financed a challenges and opportunities. I am and precautionary approach outlined in the delay activities in the Arctic. joint Russian-Norwegian project on the har- pleased that the Arctic Ocean states Fish Stocks Agreement. But we see the direction. Our respon- monisation of industry standards for health, Tmeeting in Ottawa on March 29 I think it would be beneficial to discuss how sibility will be to approach these oppor- safety and environment for oil and gas opera- reaffirmed the Polar states’ commitment to we can implement the provisions of the Fish tunities step by step—building on solid tions in the Barents Sea. Partners in the proj- co-operate and find sustainable solutions to Stocks Agreement that are applicable to the cur- knowledge of what it takes to safeguard ect include DNV, Statoil and Gazprom, as well the future of the Arctic. rent and future situation in the Arctic Ocean. sustainability. as a number of other Norwegian and Russian The retreat of the Arctic sea ice creates The precautionary principle and the pro- participants. This is a good example of our opportunities for commercial activities such visions related to scientific knowledge are of Safety and environment first partnership with Russia. We are eager to as utilization of the natural resources of the particular relevance. At this stage it would Norway subscribes to the highest pos- develop this in a wider regional context. Arctic Ocean. thus be natural to focus on exchanging sci- sible health, safety and environmental stan- Petroleum activity and the related These new activities might be further entific information, discussing knowledge dards. Further, our regime has been based transport needs will increase the risk of ahead than many expect. Our knowledge gaps and possible future developments, on co-existence with other interests at sea, accidents. Oil spills and other accidents are about the Arctic Ocean is limited, and con- sharing views on future management issues. such as fisheries and sea transport. particularly difficult to handle in the Arctic. ditions there will be harsh even without The Joint Norwegian-Russian Fisheries We have adopted an integrated manage- It is therefore crucial to reduce this risk. summer ice. However, new activities may Commission has requested the International ment plan for our northernmost sea areas. The last Arctic Council ministerial meeting come, and they will have to be managed Council for the Exploration of the Sea to The plan takes a comprehensive, step-by-step approved a new project on the development by the Arctic states in order to protect the analyze the potential impact of climate approach to the development of petroleum of safety systems in connection with the imple- environment and ensure sustainability. change on the straddling pattern of joint resources in the High North, taking vulnerable mentation of economic and infrastructure proj- Long-term conservation and sustainable use fish stocks covered by the joint commission areas and total impact into consideration. ects in the Arctic. Norway will assist Russia in based on scientific knowledge and an ecosys- and relevant to the Arctic Ocean. Norway supports the work being done by bringing this important work forward. tem-based approach are key principles of man- the Arctic Council on energy resource man- As outlined above, international co-oper- agement of natural resources globally. These A new oil and gas region? agement, not least the work on guidelines for ation to prepare for a sustainable manage- principles must also apply to the Arctic Ocean. The Arctic region is the world’s largest offshore petroleum activities in the Arctic. ment of the Arctic is well underway. Norway unexplored prospective area for petroleum. This work is a fine opportunity to exchange will continue to be an active partner in Managing fish stocks Thus the Arctic may emerge as a new oil views and knowledge on national practices these deliberations. There are no fisheries in the Arctic and gas region, a complex but potentially concerning petroleum activities in the North. Jonas Gahr Støre is the Norwegian minis- Ocean today. However, we know that climate prospective region for new industrial activ- Sustainable management is demanding. ter of foreign affairs. change may lead to changes in the migration ity in a fragile Arctic environment. We should improve our mechanisms for [email protected] Secretary Clinton vs. Minister Cannon contrary stand in her host’s backyard instead are moving in and across our Inuit sea ice, The Arctic Council’s ground-breaking Whose side did Inuit take? of sticking to “diplomatic” risk-free generalities, and tourist ships are suddenly coming to move in this regard was only equalled by we did not embrace completely everything she our Inuit homeland in droves. States—both the constructive input to the council made put forward. And while we take great umbrage Arctic and others—are interested in making by ICC and others since its inception. The DUANE SMITH with several of Minister Cannon’s positions, we claims to this part and part of the Arctic. Arctic Council, however, covers a much larg- see he had a point on others. Questions of Arctic sovereignty, such as er area than focused on by the Oceans Five To fully discuss where Inuit stand on the who owns what and who has rights where, group. By shrinking the Arctic Council zone hen US Secretary of State Hillary various conflicting issues raised and why, one are being pursued by Arctic and non-Arctic to that of the ocean and its coastal zones, Clinton came to Ottawa on has to understand a few things about Inuit, actors alike. Oil and mining companies are Minister Cannon deftly removed us from the March 29 for the Arctic Oceans the Arctic Ocean, and the Arctic Council. moving in at an unprecedented rate. The table, as the Oceans Five group has no such Wsummit hosted by Canada, she First, a few things Arctic Ocean and its commitment to indigenous participation. was widely portrayed as having very diver- about Inuit. From Russia coastal zone is a special As perplexed as we were with Minister gent opinions from her host, Foreign Affairs across to Greenland, we place, and it requires Cannon for shutting us out, we do agree with Minister Lawrence Cannon, on how the sum- have lived on and used from time to time a him, however, that the coastal zones of the Arctic mit should have been handled. the coastal zones and the special focus. Here Ocean do from time to time merit a unique dis- Secretary Clinton made no bones about the sea ice of the Arctic Ocean The Arctic Ocean and Minister Cannon was cussion, as this is where much of the race to the fact she thought it should have been more than as one people since time right. Where he failed Arctic is taking place. But this is where Inuit live, the five states that border the Arctic Ocean immemorial. We under- its coastal zone is a was not inviting us to and so we should have been there. at the table and that the other three states stand its fragility and its contribute positively to We therefore take significant umbrage with normally at the broader Arctic Council should power. Our grandparents’ special place, and it the discussions. Mr. Cannon for excluding us. With respect have been invited as well. Further, Mrs. Clinton grandparents learned requires from time to This failure was to Mrs. Clinton’s views, while we were not made it abundantly clear the Arctic’s indigenous from their grandparents “ surprising to Inuit, opposed to having Sweden, Norway, and peoples should have been key players. how to live on and near especially since in the Iceland at the meeting, we viewed this as less Minister Cannon, on the other hand, the Arctic Ocean, and time a special focus. Arctic Council minis- important than having those at the table that felt there was a strong need for a separate survive there through ters’ meeting in April are directly implicated. meeting focused on a smaller zone than the careful observations of 2009, he paid tribute to ICC welcomed the frankness of Mrs. Clinton, Arctic Council covers. He also disagreed the weather, sea currents, the Circumpolar Inuit and especially her strong support for the with Hillary Clinton that the meeting needed animal migration patterns, plant growth, and Declaration on Sovereignty in the Arctic, some- inclusion of indigenous peoples at the Oceans Sweden, Finland, and Iceland, and so forged marine mammal behaviour. And our grandpar- thing we launched at that time. He seconded Five summit. Her words, however, would have ahead by inviting only the US, Russia, ents passed this traditional knowledge on to us. the declaration’s call to working collaboratively rung more loudly if she had backed them up Denmark, and Norway. Having Inuit at the table would only have and stated our interests and concerns should by inviting Inuit from Alaska to sit on her own Denmark invited the Inuit premier of made sense. We would have had a lot to offer. be “reflected” in the deliberations of other (non- delegation, as Denmark did. While Inuit sitting at Greenland to sit on its delegation, making them Inuit have, in more modern times, made peace Arctic Council) multilateral institutions because her side would not have been the same as ICC the only state to have Inuit representation, while with our colonizers and, through land claims decisions taken there will affect Arctic peoples.” having a separate voice at the table, she would Minister Cannon clearly resolved that indige- settlements and self-government agreements, Finally, a bit of background on the eight- have been more convincing in her convictions. nous peoples of the Arctic would not be invited we have demonstrated not only our willingness nation Arctic Council: when established in That way, Mr. Cannon would have gotten the to sit at his table. It was this latter disagreement to pursue mutually-beneficial undertakings with 1996, it was acknowledged that providing message even more clearly. between Minister Cannon and Secretary Clinton states, but we also have a right to be at the transnational indigenous peoples’ organiza- Duane Smith is the president of the Inuit that we Inuit took the most interest in. table. Secretary Clinton was right: Inuit should tions, such as the Inuit Circumpolar Council Circumpolar Council (ICC) Canada. ICC is So whose side did we take? have been there. Minister Cannon was wrong. (ICC), a direct seat and meaningful say at the international voice of the world’s 160,000 While we strongly agree with many of the Now a word about the Arctic Ocean. It is the ministers’ table was beneficial for every- Inuit who live in Russia, Alaska, Canada, and statements Secretary Clinton made, and we facing numerous challenges. The sea routes one. Hence ICC and others were accorded Greenland. commend her for opting to take a strong and are opening up, transportation companies permanent participant status. [email protected] EMBASSY, Wednesday, April 14, 2010—23 Canada & The Arctic Finland supports EU in the Arctic the Finnish initiative. This paved the way to the ing of a communications and outreach strategy Dimension policy has an Arctic Window Ottawa Declaration and the establishment of has commenced under Canadian leadership. which we hope to become operational soon. the Arctic Council in 1996. The Arctic Council Another challenge to the Council right Finland is an Arctic state. Not only does is the key in enhancing multilateral governance now is how to engage the growing group of a third of our territory lie north of the Arctic in the Arctic, corresponding to the new circum- interested parties and stakeholders in Arctic Circle (above 66 degrees latitude), but until stances. As Finnish Foreign Minister Alexander co-operation. We see this interest as an asset, the end of the Second World War, we had HANNU Stubb has stated: “[The Council] is a represen- not as interference. The current mechanisms direct access to the Arctic Sea. And it was a tative circumpolar, transatlantic co-operation for securing permanent observer status in Finnish explorer, Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld, who HALINEN forum joining together the eight Arctic states. the Council warrant serious consideration. first sailed through the Northeast Passage all The Council includes also the indigenous To that end, why should the European the way from Norway to the Bering Straits. oday, the Arctic has become the focal peoples, whose voice must be heard loud and Union be a permanent observer in the Three points of departure in the Arctic point in international discussions clear now and in the future.... It is apt to call Arctic Council? policy of Finland—according to Minister ranging from the environment and [the Council] the A8+.” First of all, the EU has an Arctic vocation, Stubb—are: First, we have a primordial interest Tclimate change to energy, security, All member states of the Arctic Council with a rooted interest in geography, history, towards Arctic issues. Based on our geography transport, tourism and the future of indig- agree in principle on the need to strengthen economy and scientific achievements (with and history we have significant economic, enous peoples. Climate change is an indisput- the Council. Further discussions are needed significant research programs in the Arctic). political and security interests in the region. able fact with wide-reaching consequences; it on how to carry out this aim. The Council The EU is also a frontrunner in dealing Secondly, Arctic issues should in our view signifies the single most important develop- has a proven track record in research and with climate change and other global chal- be dealt with in a rules-based multilateral ment in the Arctic region, and carries a global standard-setting, particularly in environ- lenges. Three EU member states—Denmark, framework with an emphasis on comprehen- reach. As such, the Arctic is the subject of mental and shipping sectors. Sweden and Finland—are Arctic countries; sive security and environmental sustainabil- rapidly increasing interest in Finland. The work of the Council, however, is not Norway and Iceland are participants in the ity. We stress fostering co-operation instead In 1991, the Arctic Environmental adequately known around the world. This has EEA; Canada, Russia and the US are close of building fences. Protection Strategy was formulated, based on been recognized in the Council, and the draft- co-operation partners. And the Northern And thirdly, the future of the Arctic is not only of concern to some states, but a legiti- mate concern for all. Finland’s expertise in the Arctic relies essentially on state-of-the-art, multi- disciplinary Arctic research and training. Connecting the global North The University of Lapland (with the Arctic Center as a national and international hub been collaborating with international of information and centre of excellence), the HAYLEY HESSELN members of UArctic to deliver post-sec- University of Oulu (with the Thule Institute) ondary programming to northern peoples and the University of the Arctic/UArctic (an and those interested in the north. international co-operative network of over he University of the Arctic is a The UArctic curriculum offers degree 100 universities, colleges and educational multi-national consortium of 121 completion courses specializing in institutions situated in Rovaniemi) are post-secondary institutions that was areas such as northern policy and gov- prime examples of our many-faceted Arctic Tofficially launched in Rovaniemi, ernance, adaptation to Arctic climate research facilities. Finland in June 2001 and endorsed by the change, public administration, and land In the field of information and com- Arctic Council, of which the government of and resource management, and make munication technologies, Finland has con- Canada was a leading proponent. these courses accessible to practitio- tributed to the detailed Arctic monitoring Since then, Canada has played a lead- ners as continuing education and pro- systems (including recent co-operation with ing role in UArctic through curriculum fessional development options. Canada on satellite monitoring on communi- development and teaching, student mobil- Additionally, the link between educa- cations and weather). ity and Arctic and northern research. tion and research facilitates closer col- In winter, as a rule, all Finnish ports are Additionally, through the network laboration and communications between frozen. The country is dependent on effec- Canadian members have formed hundreds researchers and educational institutions tive winter navigation and icebreakers, of partnerships to collaborate on northern globally. which has contributed to the development and arctic research and education. The success of UArctic has been tre- of top-level expertise and applied research International collaboration with mendous in its short existence. UArctic in the field of Arctic maritime technology. institutions in the Arctic Eight—Canada, members have developed a relevant Ice service for merchant vessels and Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, and accessible curriculum for northern A circumpolar network. icebreakers by the Finnish Meteorological Russia, Sweden and the United States—is students and have produced over 100 Institute is based on a long experience of important given issues such as climate graduates to date. Member institutions The government of Canada has tradi- using of satellite remote sensing technology change, sovereignty, health and welfare, have collectively built 18 research net- tionally provided funds to host the UArctic and on observation networks and knowledge and the development of new sources for works that produce world-class science Office of Undergraduate Studies and to of the geophysical characteristics of sea ice. sustainable energy. and social science, and that engage support student exchanges. Although Finnish companies have extensive exper- The similarities among the northern communities and graduate students. the undergraduate office is housed at the tise in Arctic shipbuilding and other indus- countries are greater than the differences UArctic has also created a mobility University of Saskatchewan, it serves all tries suitable for Arctic conditions, in enabling in terms of climate, resource types and program that provides opportunities international members by co-ordinating them full participation in big energy and infra- availability, access and, often, culture. for students to become well versed in curriculum development and delivery. structure projects in the Arctic region. Collaboration among the members of northern issues. Education in the Canadian context falls Facilitated by a lively parliamentary UArctic serves to foster greater under- By sharing resources through the within the purview of the provincial and debate on Arctic issues in November standing of emerging challenges and inno- UArctic network, northerners have territorial governments. While the govern- 2009—which unanimously emphasized vative approaches to solving problems immediate access to some of the world’s ment of Canada has funded the education- the importance of the Arctic to Finland that most member countries face. highest quality educators and scientists. al component of UArctic, the commitment and supported an adjustment of the gov- In 2009, the government of Canada, Collaborating through such a network is not sustainable. ernment policy on the Arctic—the Prime through its Northern Strategy, laid out a with partners who understand the A long-term commitment to support Minister’s Office appointed a working vision for the North that focuses on four unique opportunities and challenges in UArctic is critical at this juncture for a group at the beginning of 2010 to prepare priority areas: exercising Arctic sover- the North, creates synergies that lead to number of reasons. First, it will enable a report on Finland’s policy review for the eignty; promoting social and economic innovation. Such innovation will support UArctic to continue to build on its success Arctic region. The report will be finalized development; protecting the North’s envi- increasingly self-reliant communities and and to seek alternative funding sources during spring 2010 with the aim of the ronmental heritage; and improving and governments, and enable northerners from industry and charitable sources. government submitting it to the Parliament devolving northern governance. to participate fully in the economic and Second, it will ensure continued access before the summer recess. The government’s intention is to pre- social development of their region. to education for Canadian and internation- In addition, the government has appointed pare northerners for the future and to Canada’s role has been to facilitate the al students to enable them to complete in April 2010 an Advisory Board on Arctic Affairs have a greater say in their own destinies. network and to contribute to its success. post-secondary degrees. with a wide participation of relevant stakehold- The UArctic network has been critical UArctic is not without its challenges, Finally, funding UArctic Canada will ers of the Finnish society. The board—as a in helping the government achieve this however. Several member institutions signal to our international partners and to permanent consultative body—will contribute vision and to be recognized for its leader- govern the network with the aid of fed- Canadians that the government of Canada to the further formulation of the Finnish Arctic ship as an Arctic Nation. eral funding. For example, the govern- is committed to its North and the circum- policy by making recommendations and follow- Regarding training and education, in ment of Norway supports the UArctic ing-up the above-mentioned report. polar north by building capacity through the absence of a university north of 60 president through Tromsø University, research and education. Hannu Halinen is ambassador on Arctic degrees North latitude, Canadian mem- while the government of Finland sup- Hayley Hesseln is dean of undergradu- affairs at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs and bers—33 northern and territorial colleges ports the secretariat at the University ate studies at the University of the Arctic. secretary-general of the Advisory Board on and universities in five provinces—have of Lapland. [email protected] Arctic Affairs in Helsinki, Finland. [email protected] Canada& The Arctic E J Anca Gurzu Balancing sovereignty rhetoric, resource control “sovereignty” rhetoric. trove isabigreason forthegovernment’s saythatpotential treasureBut someexperts tute thereal focusofthemappingexercise. abundance ofnaturalresources thatconsti- tinue toexercise oursovereignty.” “Canada isanArctic power, andwewillcon- Mr. Cannonsaidinarelease from histrip. limits oftheextendedcontinentalshelf,” on themapofCanadashowingouter Is thissovereignty? are potentiallystored beneaththeseafloor. be divvyinguptheoil,gasandmineralsthat Canada andotherArctic coastalstateswill Canadian territory. Itneverhasbeen.Rather, of Canada’s continentalshelf.Thisisnot a teamworkingtodelineatetheouterlimits existence as“theTrue Strong North andFree.” territory, perhaps imageand evenitsvery a fierce pride,asenseofprotecting Canadian Arctic-related statements.Theword instills ably spottedinalmostallthegovernment’s to assumeandexercise oursovereignty.” states totheArctic, willdowhatisnecessary choice touseit.We, asoneofthecoastal that ourgovernmenthasmadethedefinitive a dayafterhisreturn. “AndI’mproud tosay use itorloseit,”Mr. Cannontoldreporters the future ofCanadaandwehaveachoice: the Borden Islandicecamp intheArctic. lowing atwo-daytourinResoluteBayand EMBASSY, Wednesday, April14,2010—24 T to completethe mapofCanada. the buildingof Canada asanation.We want ing lessthanwritingthelatest chapterin of amuchgreater We effort. aspire tonoth- an historicachievement. establishing anewCanadianterritory. Thiswas and priorities.In1999,Inuitwere successfulin land, wildlifeandresources basedonourvalues new institutionsthatempowerustomanagethe the managementofitsresources. national andinternationallevelregarding byanydecisionsmadeattheaffected stewards. Anditiswewhowillbemost and income.We are theArctic’s natural our communitieswithfood,clothing Its landsandseascontinuetosustain interaction withitsfragileenvironment. of theArctic comesfrom centuriesof to us;itisourhome.Ourdeepknowledge play inanydecisionsthatare made. of theworld.Inuithaveacriticalrole to resources inwhatwasonceanisolatedpart Nunavut: Waiting onunfulfilled promises Lawrence Cannonreturned toOttawafol- ust aweekago,Foreign Minister Affairs VA The potentialthatoil,gasandminer- The press release didn’tmentionthe “At somepoint,there willbeanotherline Yet duringhistrip,Mr. Cannonmetwith The word “sovereignty” canbeunmistak- “The Arctic to isofstrategicimportance But itreally only markedthebeginning Over thepastfewdecades,Inuithavebuilt The Arctic isnotsomedistantfrontier to stake their claim to territory and to staketheirclaimterritory he nationsoftheArctic are rushing A ARIAK have raisedthebar. Itwouldbeabit ofan send paratroopers Pole. totheNorth wantsto ing stunts”afterreports thecountry recently, Mr. CannonaccusedRussiaof“pull- cials denouncedthemoveasa“stunt.”More Pole. Canadianoffi- meters belowtheNorth country’s flagontheArctic seabed,4,200 ling intwomini-submarinesplantedtheir driven byRussianaggressiveness inthearea. He saidthisapparent raceisbeinglargely nations toacquire theirpieceoftheArctic. there isarace,“perceived orreal,” for impossible.” from It’s thenorth? logisticallycompletely “What typeofforce shouldattackCanada be more sovereign heasked. intheNorth?” es, whatwouldbethebenefitofCanadato Texas atDallas. atthe Universityof geosciences department agreed AlexanderBraun,professor inthe drives theArctic states’interest intheArctic, crazy nottodoit.” advantage oftheUNclause…anditwouldbe there, butitdoesn’tmatter. Canadaistaking children, thatoilandgaswillbeexplored our lifetime,orthatofchildren orgrand- useless,” hesaid.“Itmaybethatneverin jurisdiction becauseitwouldbekindof toextendtheir be spendingadimetrying weren’t anyresources, really theywouldn’t Calgary. Americanatthe Universityofof North executive director oftheArctic Institute est intheArctic, saidBenoitBeauchamp, is whatdrivesCanada’s long-terminter- als mightbestored beneaththeseafloor within ourboundaries. regain control overlandsandresources ing withthegovernmentofCanada to ernment ofNunavut,meanwhile, are work- healthy communities.Inuitand thegov- sets outaplanforbuildingvibrant, side theterritory. those whohavecometoNunavutfrom out- and values,whileprotecting therightsof ernance thatare builtonInuitprinciples the process ofcreating newmodelsofgov- land claiminCanadianhistory. We are in time. Ourleadersnegotiatedthelargest of ourown.We haveachievedmuchinthat decades’ longstruggletocreate aterritory reliance wasthemotivationbehind were alldisrupted. exercising leadershipanddecision-making families, ofeducatingourchildren andof Ourwaysofprovidingwas difficult. forour to oneinmodern,permanentcommunities from our traditionallifeinseasonalcamps depended onit.Thetransition,though, intheArctic environmentvalues. Survival its resources forcountlessgenerations. Inuit havelivedonthelandandmadeuseof Canada’s landmass,isbasedonthefactthat this vastterritory, whichmakesupone-fifthof recognized mapsofCanada. ontheofficial in theInuitlanguagethatare, onlynow, being their presence withthousandsofplacenames and ice.Ourhunterstheirfamiliesmarked peans, weoccupiedvastareas ofland,sea Centuries before thearrivaloffirstEuro- “There isabitofrace,andtheRussians In August2007,Russianexplorers travel- At thesametime,Mr. Beauchampsaid, “If youexcludeaccesstonaturalresourc- Natural resource developmentiswhat “If theywere 100percentconvincedthere My government’s Tamapta The intensedesire toreclaim our self- Self-reliance isoneofthestrongest Inuit Our country’s claimtosovereignty over Inuit are oneofCanada’s foundingpeoples. mandate it,” saidMr. Beauchamp. the Russiansare makingabigsplashabout toextendourjurisdictionifitcan,while try embarrassment ifourgovernmentwouldn’t No real ‘race’ have access to high-speed broadband internet. have accesstohigh-speed broadband internet. munities, noneof whichare connected byroad, ledbyNunavummiut,all25ofourcom- effort network intheArctic. Thankstoadetermined made inbuildingawireless communications one considerstheachievements thathavebeen Nunavut. Thisisallthemore remarkable when 12 provinces andterritoriestogetherreaches work ofroads andrailwaysthatbindtheother withCanada. moving forward to getdownwork.We to lookforward to negotiateandateamready andwaiting taken place.Ourgovernmenthasamandate to proceed withdevolution,littleactionhas fully integratedwiththerest ofthecountry. We are, instead,aregion thatwantstobe ing abouttheArctic frontier. asitsnorthern choices. ItistimeforCanadatostopdream- Canadians canmakeourowneconomic about ensuringNunavummiutlikeother about nation-buildingandgovernance.It’s jurisdiction. Devolutionisfundamentally of theterritory, itslandandresources. thedevelopment in thedecisionsthataffect moreNunavummiut toparticipate directly fer andsharingofpowersthatwouldenable and Nunavut.Devolutioninvolvesthetrans- in adevolutionagreement betweenCanada final saystillrests withaministerinOttawa. Crown landoritsnaturalresources. Instead, Nunavut doesnothavefinalauthorityoverits Ontario, Quebecandtheotherprovinces, stubborn obstaclethatliesinourpath.Unlike renewed self-reliance, however, there isa method willdeterminetheextentofCanada’s UN.” Eitherway, hesaidthescience-based but aninternationalarea administered bythe ence orthere isnoextendedcontinentalshelf, which weneedtodemonstratethrough sci- laws. “Eitherwe[Canada]haveexistingrights agreed to,”Mr. Byerssaid,referring totheUN ulated systemthatalltherelevant countries competition isfalse,hesaid. Who ownstheArctic? University ofBritishColumbiaandauthor Byers, internationallawprofessor atthe jurisdiction. ply followingUNrulesinestablishingtheir the Arctic debate,butcoastalstatesare sim- notion. Hesaidresources doplayarole in tion, ofCanada’swas part 2003UNCLOS of PolicyStudiesatQueen’s University, who is underthreat holdings. oflosingitsnorthern well asfearswithinCanadathatthecountry having contributedtoasenseofurgency, as protecting Canadiansovereignty—are seenas Russia andCanada—thelatterreferring to while theUShasyettoratifyconvention. recently completeditsownsubmission, the UN,whileDenmarkhasuntil2014.Russia Canada hasuntil2013tosubmititsclaim ocean beyondthetipofcontinentalshelf. diction extends200nauticalmilesintothe Law oftheSea(UNCLOS),acountry’s juris- Incredibly, notasinglethread ofthevastnet- Despite assurancesthatCanadawants This isnotsomepettysquabbleover ofthesolutiontothischallengelies Part In thepaththatleadsustowards our carefully“What wehavehere reg- isavery These thoughtsare echoedbyMichael But PeterHarrison,director oftheSchool These deadlines,plusthetoughtalkfrom According totheUNConvention onthe dismisses whathecallsthe“land-grab”

The ideaofanArctic

ratifica- Canada’s mappingplanforthecontinentalshelf. that already exist. that already exist. of Canadatoberespectful oftherelationships neighbours. Andweexpectthe government forge astronger relationship withourArctic ofthediscussionsthatwill expect tobepart in makingdecisionsaboutitsfuture. Arctic tobeconsultedandactivelyinvolved ant forumfortheAboriginalpeoplesof interaction betweentheArctic States. for promoting co-operation,co-ordination and Council, ahigh-levelintergovernmental forum rolealso playedanimportant attheArctic Circumpolar Council.Nunavummiuthave ical tiesthrough organizations liketheInuit and history. We ourpolit- havefortified tries, weshare acommonlanguage,culture homeland. Livinginfourdifferent coun- the internationalborders thatdivideour shore ofGreenland. Quebec andLabradorasfartheeastern Territories,of Alaska,theNorthwest Arctic that stretches from Siberia,alongthecoast ofInuitNunaat—thehomeland heart totheother.territory Nunavutalsoliesatthe PassagerunsfromNorthwest oneend ofour gateway tothecircumpolar world.The the rest ofthecountry. will acceleratetheintegrationofNunavutwith have overquestionsofsovereignty intheArctic innation-building. to participate oftheGovernmentCanada ment onthepart This cameaboutbecauseofarenewed commit- Arctic, whichthegovernmentneedstotackle. said, isadifferent sovereignty issuethanthe Passage. This,he pute overtheNorthwest ment’s passivepositiontowards theUSdis- is noneedtocontemplateconflict.” enough togoaround forallcoastalstates.There “The Arctic isahugeplace,sothere ismore than sovereignty canbeco-operation,”Mr. Byerssaid. just forpublicconsumption. is asigntheArctic sovereignty rhetoric is Arctic mappingproject. This,Mr. Byerssaid, will invitetheRussianstoco-operateon other withDenmarkoverHansIsland. Sea,andthe the UnitedStatesoverBeaufort ing totheonlytwoexistingdisputes:onewith completely unchallengedinternationally, point- access toanypotentialresources. Eva Aariakispremier ofNunavut. In internationalnegotiations,Nunavummiut The Arctic Councilprovides animport- Inuit havestrong bondsthatreach across There isnodoubtthatNunavutCanada’s We hopethattheconcernsmanyCanadians However, hewascriticalofthegovern- “Sovereignty doesn’thavetobecompetition, During hisArctic tour, Mr. Cannonsaidhe Mr. ByerssaidCanada’s Arctic landisalmost [email protected] [email protected]

Natural Resources Canada Diagram EMBASSY, Wednesday, April 14, 2010—25 Canada & The Arctic NWT: It’s about the people

Our rivers and lakes contain an estimat- like the proposed Mackenzie Gas Project part ed 11,000 megawatts of hydroelectric power of our effort to assert Canada’s interest in the potential—offering a source of renewable North. Such a transformative project wouldn’t energy and helping Canada reach its climate just be a northern project, but a national change objectives. undertaking from which the entire country And our people have a bold and indus- could benefit. So while bolstering Canada’s trious spirit. Living in the North requires reputation as a world energy superpower, the resourcefulness and inventiveness. We have Mackenzie Gas Project also has the potential FLOYD K. found ways to forge productive partner- to create thousands of jobs and billions in ships with industry—and among the various economic activity across the country. ROLAND levels of government in the NWT—to create The NWT’s hydro advantage could further exciting and prosperous opportunities. make the territory—and Canada—a leader in s much of the world begins to When it comes to advancing Canada’s clean energy generation, lowering our green- emerge from a period of recession northern interests, the pillars of the house gas emissions in the process. The and volatility, nations are starting Canadian government’s Northern Strategy effective modernization of the NWT’s elec- Ato plan forward, and attention is offer a solid foundation for action. tricity transmission network and strategic again focusing northward. The risk exists, however, that Northern investment in NWT hydroelectric develop- Much has been written about the great issues become viewed through a purely ment is yet another desirable demonstration potential—and great sensitivity—around the political prism. Rather than a sustained and of northern interest that could bring huge Arctic and Canada’s North. Resource explo- bold policy agenda for northern develop- benefits to the North and the country. ration, climate change, increased interna- ment, the North becomes a sound-bite about At the end of the day, can there be a tional shipping activity, boundary disputes sovereignty that plays well with voters. clearer assertion of our northern sover- and the need to assert sovereignty. The Arctic may be in Canada’s backyard eignty than a host of thriving communities As Northerners, we are acutely familiar but it’s our front-yard. across the NWT, anchored by numerous Photo: Josh Steinitz with these issues. For us, the North is not Here, Northerners believe the assertion of industries and businesses with healthy cit- Virginia Falls in the Northwest Territories. a geopolitical region considered in the sovereignty in the North should go beyond izens and vibrant culture? abstract. It is our home. It is where we work military manoeuvres or symbolic flag-planting Realizing this vision will require a com- sions about the North—meaningfully, from and raise our families. It is a tapestry of on the ocean floor and focus instead on real, prehensive and integrated approach—one the beginning. That means being at the table diverse communities with rich traditions durable demonstrations of ownership and use. which must include meaningful partner- for key conversations about Arctic issues. and deep connections with the land. Here it is the construction of modern ships with those who live here. Decisions Northerners stand ready to assume great- Northerners are also infinitely aware of infrastructure that is needed to promote about the Arctic cannot continue to be er roles and responsibilities as we pursue the incredible potential offered by Canada’s our territory—improving access to our rich made in isolation from those who stand to our national aspirations for a strong, dynam- North, and the role it stands to play nation- and abundant storehouse of resources, and be impacted by those decisions. ic and prosperous North. We look forward to ally and internationally. enhancing the flow of people, goods and Northerners have been stewards of working with our fellow Canadians in a mean- Over many decades, the Northwest services facilitating development and eco- Canada’s Arctic for generations—long ingful partnership as we seize opportunities Territories has evolved and matured. Our nomic opportunities across Canada. before it was a political priority to pay and act together for our future. territory is already an important contribu- Keep in mind, when the federal government attention to the North. It’s a role we’re As the world focuses greater attention on tor to the nation, with one of the highest invests in the NWT, almost every shingle, steel proud to have and which we take seriously. the North, and tackles northern and Arctic per capita GDPs in Canada. beam and slab of concrete gets built in south- Northern residents will be the ones who issues more deeply, a useful touchstone is We have abundant resources, including ern Canada. Investing in the North doesn’t just bring reality to the plans and aspirations for this: ultimately, it’s about the people. largely untapped oil, base and rare earth benefit the North, its benefits trickle down to the region. We’ll be the ones who shepherd Floyd K. Roland is premier of the metals and minerals, all of which the world other provinces and the entire country. the region for generations to come. So it Northwest Territories. will need to power its economic growth. What better reason to make major projects makes sense to involve Northerners in deci- [email protected] Yukon: Building a strong Canadian North

The Yukon government has focused A Northern Vision: A Stronger North In order to continue to advance Yukon’s its efforts on responsible fiscal planning, and a Better Canada, a document devel- strong position both economically and social- development of infrastructure and natural oped and endorsed in 2007 by the three ly, we have committed to seek leadership resources, and investment in Yukon’s peo- territorial premiers of Yukon, Northwest roles on issues of interest with other govern- ple, communities and natural environment Territories and Nunavut, recognizes the ments and position the territory to influence to position our jurisdiction for a strategic dramatic transformation that is taking regional, national and international activities. DENNIS and healthy economic and social future. place in the North. We continue to have Through this collaborative approach, we We have invested funds in areas with shared interests in building thriving and can help to enhance the position of Yukon, FENTIE strong and sustainable economic growth healthy communities here. Canada’s North and the entire federation. potential. A new three-year budgeting process In the Northern Vision, the territories Our partnerships naturally extend to s Canadians look more and more is in place, which incorporates a more strate- committed to working with federal and the circumpolar world. Yukon is one of to the North as a place that helps gic approach to planning; it creates more cer- aboriginal partners to build a North that is: the founding members of the Northern define our country, we, as north- tainty for capital investments and allows the ■ A place where self-reliant individuals Forum, and we participate with Canada A erners, welcome the opportunity opportunity for the private sector to plan and live in healthy, viable communities, and where and our sister territories at the Arctic to share with all Canadians as we build a grow their companies. It also allows us to bet- northerners manage their own affairs; Council, a high-level intergovernmen- stronger region and country. ter schedule major infrastructure projects and ■ A place where strong, responsive gov- tal body of circumpolar nations. Yukon Yukon has, for many years, worked match the capacity of local contractors. ernments work together for a prosperous, shares its western boundary with Alaska, to ensure the issues and opportunities of In collaboration with Canada, Yukon vibrant future for all; and we understand the value and impor- Canada’s North are more prominent and bet- has successfully accessed more than ■ A place where northern traditions of tance of good relations with Canada’s ter understood nationally and internationally. $94 million of the federal stimulus funds. respect for the land and the environment closest neighbour and partner. Strong, healthy communities will create a pres- These are being invested in affordable and are cherished, and actions and decision- Through investments in infrastructure, ence that will contribute forcefully to Canada’s seniors’ housing, in educational research, making are anchored in the principles of education and training, tourism, energy, sovereign rights in the North. We believe that and environmental facilities, and energy responsible, sustainable development; resource development, the environment, working in collaboration with other govern- and other strategic infrastructure projects. ■ A place where citizens celebrate their health care facilities and services and inter- ments and aboriginal partners, and investing We are continuing our efforts to promote diversity; and governmental co-operation and co-ordina- in communities and community infrastructure, tourism and cultural opportunities to ■ A place where the territories and their tion, we will continue to build the economic will result in a stronger and more secure North. Canadians and abroad, as well as investing governments are strong contributing partners and social future of Yukon and the North. We The profile of Yukon on the regional and in natural resource wealth. in a dynamic and secure Canadian federation. will continue to make the decisions that will national stage has increased dramatically as a While we focus on developing our economy, Northerners want a greater voice in shap- shape our territory in the years ahead, creat- Canadian jurisdiction of increased private and we are placing an equal focus on ensuring the ing positions on security in the North. For us, ing benefits that we share with all Canadians. public sector investment, as a leader on social citizens of our territory have services that will this means finding ways to adapt to climate We are building a North where govern- and economic policy and as a territory with support and strengthen healthy individuals, change, assuring environmental stewardship ments, organizations and the private sector 11 self-governing First Nations implementing families and communities. We are, for example, and investing in sustainable communities. work towards a common goal, and where modern-day treaties for the betterment of investing $230 million in health care and social We are facing increased challenges from governments have the capacity to govern their citizens. These efforts have contributed services, providing Yukoners more access to issues such as uncertain ice conditions, and respond effectively to those they serve. to significant social and economic innovation resources for community development includ- increased shipping and the need for enhanced Dennis Fentie is premier of the Yukon. and growth for Yukon citizens and Canada. ing increasing grants to municipalities. monitoring and search and rescue capacity. [email protected] EMBASSY, Wednesday, April 14, 2010—26 Canada & The Arctic Presence, social conditions key to security

Carl Meyer

anada’s first priority in keeping its Arctic Cterritory secure should be to improve the dismal social conditions of northern commu- nities, say experts. In conversations with Arctic security ana- lysts, an emerging consensus is that the secu- rity situation in the Arctic in the immediate future will not be threatened by invading for- eigners, requiring a heavy military presence. Rather, healthy, productive and environmen- tally safe Northern communities would best address the security issues that will arise in the next decade. This is because these communi- ties are needed to create a base upon which to build long-term security infrastructure such as telecommunications and monitoring capabilities. But the answer to what “Arctic security” means depends on whether security is being sought for the short-term or the long-term, what effect global warming will have on the region and whether Canada plans to open up its Arctic seaways to international commercial shipping. “If we’re looking at human security, we’re PMO Photo: Jason Ransom talking about housing issues, first and foremost. Prime Minister Stephen Harper during a visit to the North last August. Experts say social well-being is the key to long-term security infrastructure. If we’re looking at security in terms of dealing with some sort of emergency in the north, we’re a question of use. Foreign Affairs Minister the part that we’ve been missing. We always Arctic history at the University of Northern looking at making sure we have some sort of air Lawrence Cannon reiterated Prime Minister tend to look at defence in complete isolation.” British Columbia, said that “the best defence capabilities,” said University of Waterloo assis- Stephen Harper’s oft-quoted phrase at a Associate director of the Centre for Military against any kind of danger, real or imagined, tant professor P. Whitney Lackenbauer. press conference on Thursday when he said and Strategic Studies at the University of is a forceful demonstration of sovereignty.” Mr. Lackenbauer said that the “very Canada has “a choice” in the Arctic, either to Calgary Rob Huebert would like to see just Canada’s folly would be to “leave it empty,” short-term security issues in the north” “use it or lose it.” such an “overall Arctic capability project.” said Mr. Morrison, and whether that increased are “clearly human security issues” such as As a result, the government believes it can Canada announced its “Arctic Strategy” last population is military or civilian matters less housing, the availability of healthy foods, “use it” by conducting things like increased July with much fanfare. The document released than the fact that there is a larger population. and adequate health care. military patrols, continental shelf mapping by the government refers twice to the word “Infrastructure doesn’t count without “We have to start on fundamentals, which and developing an Arctic strategy. “security,” once in the context of Canadian human beings, you can build all the remote is to ask what are the capabilities that we University of Waterloo dean of arts Ken Forces patrols and the other in sharing com- sensing equipment that you want, but you really want to have. We’re still doing, I think, Coates said more Canadian military and civil- mon interests in the Arctic with the United have to have people on the ground,” he said. a very vague job of actually defining what the ian personnel could be used in the Arctic to States over issues such as search-and-rescue. But he predicated his comments on the fact probable threats are,” he said. monitor the area effectively and build infra- Mr. Huebert said he would like to see some- that while “there’s no current danger” in terms Benoit Beauchamp, executive director of structure and telecommunications capacity. thing more comprehensive, suggesting that “it’s of security, there may be such in the future if the Arctic Institute of North America, called “Being able to know where the ships are, one thing to come up with an Arctic strategy, global warming ends up changing the Arctic this “social security.” He wants to see a stron- whether the ships are abiding by proper it’s another thing to try to get those promises in environment as much as some are predicting. ger push “to protect it, to promote it, and to environmental regulations, and being able to a coherent and sustained fashion as possible.” Global warming is one aspect of an envi- make sure that the people who live there are go and rescue them...requires a much better “The problem that we’ve always faced ronmental disaster. Another is localized inci- healthy mentally, physically and whatnot and radar system,” he said. with Canada is that we will, all of a sudden, dents, which is what Mr. Beauchamp believes can benefit from a decent economy.” “I think we have the capacity to monitor recognize a problem in the Arctic region, we’ll is the primary threat to Arctic security. “The Russians are not coming to attack. ships on a very small, localized basis, and make some fairly decent plans...and then we “A lot of these issues you keep hearing The problems with the Arctic are things there’s obvious benefits in terms of any kind say we’re going to do it all at once,” he said. about, the sovereignty issue, the Northwest like lack of proper housing,” said Centre for of military. But the major question is the “What happens is that everyone gets all Passage and all of that, underlying all of that Security and Defence Studies research asso- increase in shipping, which is likely to start confused and panics, we spend two years is an environmental threat. If our Northwest ciate Andrea Charron. increasing quite dramatically as the years trying to figure out what to do, and then Passage becomes an environmental seaway, And as for the Inuit population, “health go along.” inevitably another economic crisis comes we won’t be able, or not as able, to enforce and well-being” are “front and centre” for He cited Australia as an example. along and completely distracts us.” the international laws when it comes to envi- security in the Arctic, said Inuit Circumpolar Australia’s northern territory, he explained, Mr. Huebert said that a lack of a long-term ronmental protection,” he said. Council president Duane Smith in an email. is “not much dissimilar to the Northwest strategy is “bad for security” since it creates “You cannot do anything in the short- “If Canada wants to demonstrate its sov- Territories in population distribution,” and the impression amongst Arctic states that or even medium-term to prevent climate ereignty in the Arctic, develop a proactive other aspects such as a harsh climate. “we’re all talk and no action.” change. However, we can certainly enforce a approach and strategy with the Inuit for us “Over time, what Australia’s done is invest- Some think the best way to address the number of laws and policies in the north to to have a ‘win-win’ situation,” he wrote. ments in the military to actually make things issue is to simply increase the population of protect our environment.” The government sees security in part as a lot better for the civilian population...that’s the North. William Morrison, who teaches [email protected]

n this “Natural Resources Policy ■ How the government’s $62-billion stimulus spending over two years has IBriefi ng,” The Hill Times will affected these energy sectors so far. Policy Briefi ng focus on the oil and gas, nuclear, ■ The government’s plans and vision for the future and what the federal electricity, coal, and forest biomass government is doing to promote sustainable development in these energy sectors. to bioenergy energy sectors. ■ The government’s new Major Projects Management Offi ce and its management of the federal regulatory review process for over 40 projects. We’ll cover all the bases. ■ The government’s restructuring of AECL to build this industry’s future and the government’s plans for the nuclear industry. How will the government Publication Date: provide global leadership on isotopes? We also look at the legislation to Dec. 7, 2009 modernize the framework for nuclear liability. ■ What’s happening with the oil and gas industry and the pipeline project. Space Reservation Deadline: ■ How the government will help reduce the footprint and environmental impacts Dec. 2, 2009 of these energy sectors, including the Green Mining Initiative and the government’s Natural (Noon, Ottawa time) new Corporate Social Responsibility Strategy for the oil and gas companies.

For more information or to reserve your advertising space contact Resources The Hill Times retail advertising department at 613-232-5952 ext. 220 EMBASSY, Wednesday, April 14, 2010—27 Canada & The Arctic Charting the most recent Arctic ‘scramble’ misperceptions of the Arctic are actually more influenced by books by Jack London, The Future History and by tales of the explorers, nearly a centu- of the Arctic ry old, than they are by political or economic analysis. That’s one aspect my book tries to By Charles Emmerson address: it tries to draw a broader portrait of Perseus Books Group the region which brings things out of writing 389 pp. $36.50 about the Arctic only in terms of aesthetics or only in terms of explorers.”

You talk about the Soviet expansion in the Arctic and about Stalin’s desire to see a strong Russian Arctic presence. But Carl Meyer if we’re just starting to wake up to the Arctic, then how do we discuss the Cold War? Is the scramble just old news? he Arctic is a crowded field in non-fic- “What’s interesting is that the Arctic was Ttion these days. a tremendously important strategic area for Bookstores are filled with academic anal- basically one reason during the Cold War, ysis of energy security, geopolitics, climate which was, of course, the military dimension change, and the environment, all attempting of the Arctic, and the simple fact of geography to be more comprehensive than the last. being that had there been a nuclear exchange But what has been missing, says Charles between the United States and the Soviet Emmerson, was a book looking at the inter- Union, then the Arctic would have been piv-

play between all of these issues. Having otal. I quote a US Air Force general in 1950 DFO Photo worked as an associate director for the World saying that if there was a third world war, Economic Forum, Mr. Emmerson turned his the Arctic would be a strategic centre. I think might be a good thing strategically from per cent behind it, the State Department skills examining the interplay of these types of that’s been the dominant idea of the Arctic. their point of view. But many of their pipe- is 110 per cent behind UNCLOS. So if all issues toward creating just such a book. “Then after the collapse of the Soviet lines are built on permafrost; the permafrost those bodies which think about US power The result is The Future History of the Union, the Arctic really fell off the strategic becomes unstable, that’s a big problem and and US national secutity all the time are in Arctic, a book that swims back and forth radar screen. Attention was focused else- it’s going to cost a lot of money. favour of United States ratifying the Law between historical narratives, political where by the foreign ministries and defence “And I think similarly with the Canadian of the Sea, it’s hard for me to fathom why issues and everything in between. ministries, and focused on other parts of the perspective, the idea of the Northwest there are a group of senators and con- Mr. Emmerson’s book is divided into five world. And indeed in some respects that’s Passage opening up has been imagined as gressmen who still insist on this idea that sections that deal with the Arctic from a dif- still the case, with Iraq and Afghanistan. a great economic boon to the country, but I it would be terribly dangerous.” ferent perspective. “Visions” discusses its “But I would argue that over the last few think now there’s a countervailing concern Arctic explorers, “power” its political mas- years, largely because of climate change, about whether we have people to monitor Russian Arctic Policy seems increasingly ters, “nature” its natural forces, “riches” its but also this burgeoning idea that the it, whether we have the ability to [monitor] driven by gas policies. Do you see this hap- natural resources and “freedom” its poten- Arctic will be a strategic arena in the future, it, whether we have the ability to protect pening in other countries? tial new states, such as Greenland. that interest among foreign ministries and it. If there would be shipping, for example, “Well that’s always kind of been the case. It’s written in a style Mr. Emmerson calls defence ministries has begun to return. It’s from the port of Churchill, fine, but will the It’s always been the case that development “future history,” which is an attempt to nar- very early days, but they’re trying to figure railway that goes up there, is that going to in the Arctic only really happens when there row the potentiality of future Arctic scenari- out what their role in that area will be.” buckle even more than it already does? Are is a state backstop, when there is political os by comparing current events to historical we actually prepared to make the invest- support for it. That’s sort of one of the pre- circumstances. I find it really odd that a government like ments that go along with this stated north- conditions. And that’s true whether you’re One reoccurring element of future history Canada can put little emphasis on climate ern destiny?” talking about the Russian Arctic or the is the “scramble” for the Arctic. Already the change science—our recent budget had American Arctic. subject of entire books, the scramble is for almost no mention of it—and at the same You discuss the UN Convention of the Law “As an aside, it’s very interesting now to the last part of the world that is unclaimed— time talk about the geopolitics inherent in of the Sea. What have been the problems look at what’s happening in the Mackenzie the vast territory under the Arctic Ocean’s opening up the Northwest Passage, which with the US ratifying it? Is this something Valley, the gas pipelines. In the 1970s the pack ice that hides untold riches. is dependent upon climate change. It that is coming soon? government was very unsure about whether Mr. Emmerson argues that what might be seems like there’s a disconnect there. “A couple of important points. UNCLOS it wanted to push ahead with the gas line; most interesting about the current scramble “The interesting thing about the Canadian took such a long time to negotiate. There is the Berger commission eventually kiboshed is that there have been previous ones. Why position, from my understanding of it, is that absolutely no appetite for anyone to reopen the idea and it was never built. And so the those have succeeded or failed gives insight, Canada emits more carbon per head than the negotiation or negotiate some new law of potential of the Canadian Arctic was not he thinks, into the current political struggle. United States, and Canadians, I think, tend the sea. developed to the oil and gas potential that Embassy sat down with Mr. Emmerson to think of Canada as more in tune with its “Secondly, the US has not ratified, but it the American Arctic was. two weeks ago when he was in town to pro- environment than say the United States, but does recognize the UN Convention on the “Now things have changed where the mote his book. The following is an edited in some respects that isn’t true. Law of the Sea as having the customary government is pretty much behind the transcript of that interview: “I think somebody like Stephen Harper force of international law. development of this part of the Canadian understands that, to a large degree, the “So, in other words, if you speak to State Arctic, and a lot of this is in regards to On this latest Arctic scramble, there’s been Canadian economy and the geography of Department officials about UNCLOS, they land claims in the First Nations have been a lot of news coverage lately about Arctic Canadian cities is built on the notion of car- will say the fact that the United States has solved, but now the issue is well maybe the issues, and it feels as though it has taken bon being quite cheap. That’s one reason not ratified UNCLOS does not in any way price of gas is unjustified. on a new sense of urgency. But the Arctic why I think Canada hasn’t been so construc- change the territorial rights that are afford- “But the state has always played an still feels transient in the news cycle, tive in climate negotiations as you might ed to all states under UNCLOS.” active role in the Arctic development. If pushed into the headlines by government expect. That’s one thing. “There is a real bandwidth issue in DC. you compare the Russian Arctic with the action or inaction, but typically disappear- “The other thing that I think is interest- The focus of this presidency has almost Canadian and American Arctic, and the ing soon thereafter. Despite all the history ing is that there are no doubt people in entirely been on a couple of big domestic fact that there’s way more people in the you mention, it hasn’t been a constant on Canada—I’m not saying that this is the posi- issues: the financial crisis and health care. Russian Arctic, there’s much more infra- front pages. tion of government—but there are no doubt There hasn’t been space to think about the structure and development, well, there “Well I suspect that’s going to change. people in Canada who do see climate change UN convention on the Law of the Sea. Not are two reasons for that. The first reason The way I think about it is now, if you look as being a net positive for Canada, as for only that, it’s quite a divisive subject and is that northwest Russia is warmer than for the word ‘Arctic’ in the newspaper, it’s other northern nations. For example, the there’s a hard core of Republicans who the Canadian Arctic. So it’s clearly a geo- likely to be on the environment pages, or in Russian position on climate change has tend- would probably vote down any move to rati- graphic reason. the travel pages. I would say that it’s going ed to be that climate change is not necessar- fy UNCLOS. Is it really worth the president’s “But the other reason is that in the to migrate in the next few years. Maybe in ily a bad thing, and the notion that maybe while to stake political capital on that issue? period of time that the Russian Arctic did five-years time we’ll see it very regularly on Russia will gain as a northern nation.” “And as well, although the argument develop, there was no regard to human the business pages. I’d say in 10-years time against UNCLOS in the American con- cost or environmental cost or even eco- we’ll see it extremely regularly on the global But that’s a political faux pas to say that text tends to be made on the basis of nomic cost. So much infrastructure in politics pages and even on the front page. publicly. national security, in other words there the Russian Arctic was put there by the “So I see it as one of those issues which is “It would certainly be a political faux pas are some who view UNCLOS and indeed Soviet Union, and a lot of that was driven only just beginning to lodge itself in the con- to say it publicly, but I think it is certainly any international agreement as infringing by gulags, slave labour. So one of the rea- sciousness of governments and states and peo- thought about. And I think increasingly on America’s sovereignty and power—the sons the Canadian Arctic is less developed ples as a political issue or an economic issue. Russia and Canada are seeing the downsides. interesting thing is that the United States than the Russian Arctic is that Canada has “From the point of view of perceptions, “On the Russian side of things, the Navy is 110 per cent behind US ratifica- never been a dictatorship.” which I find very interesting, I’d say people’s Northeast Passage might open up, and it tion, the Department of Defence is 110 [email protected] EMBASSY, Wednesday, April 14, 2010—28 EMBASSY Classifieds INFORMATION AND ADVERTISEMENTADVERTISEMENT PLACEMENT: TEL. 613-232-2922, FAX 613-232-9055

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Building has Security, pool, hot tub, sauna, HERITAGE LOFT party room, guest suite. 11th floor: $1495/ Can be furnished or unfurnished, one month (1st May) + Hydro. 613-234-5093 bedroom + den, 1.5 bathrooms, AC, 12 or [email protected]. http://ottawa. foot ceilings, hardwood & slate through- kijiji.ca/c-housing-apartments-for-rent-2- DIFFICULTY: 1 OUT OF 6 DIFFICULTY: 5 OUT OF 6 out, 6 appliances, available May 1st. bedroom-Executive-Condo-Apartment-Unfur- 613-727-1400, www.house-rent.com nished-W0QQAdIdZ188111851 EMBASSY, Wednesday, April 14, 2010—29

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Contact Carol at - Home Renovations. We can lend a Hand assets under management. Excellent mar- dishes provided. $2,000 per month plus (Brokerage License #11384). CANADALEND. s7IRELESSHIGHSPEEDINTERNET utilities. Contact: Don Robinson at don. 905-639-5718 or Toll-Free 1-800-387- keting support, free training & a generous ~ 7982 ext. 229. www.ocna.org com, Email: [email protected], s4HOMASVILLEAND.ORWALKFURNITUREANDLUXURIOUSLINENS [email protected] or call 613-234- 0320 HEALTH & BEAUTY Toll-free 1-877-999-9133 CALL NOW! progressive commission structure to drive s2ENOVATED FULLYEQUIPPEDKITCHEN 5524. Photos available upon request. your success. Car a must. CALL TOLL-FREE: SPRING SAVINGS 1-866-871-8781; FAX: 1-866-355-7377. 0831 PROFESSIONAL 0920 BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY 0ERFECTLYSITUATEDINTHE'OLDEN4RIANGLE YOUWILLlNDYOURSELF Elegantly 0050 FURNISHED RENTALS First 8 weeks for $88. Look great. Feel SECURITY GUARDS SURROUNDEDBYFAMOUSLANDMARKSSUCHASTHE2IDEAU#ANAL Great. Lose weight. Guaranteed. 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CALL Today Toll-Free 1-800- APARTMENTS FOR RENT OLD HOME EXPO Yukon government scandal. Millions 465-0024. Visit: www.protectasphalt.com. Glebe, Elgin, Tunney’s. Flexible lease terms. of federal tax dollars at stake. Contact ATTENTION RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL Customized Menus - Special diets no problem! Contact Ranyani Perera 613-744-8756. May 1st & 2nd, 2010, 9:00a.m. - CATHCART SQUARE 5:00p.m. St. Volodymyr Cultural Centre, [email protected] or go to yukonad- SURVIVORS Bi-Weekly Service and Dinner Parties for Special Occasions vocate.blogspot.com for more details”. 0929 EMPLOYMENT AND DAY SCHOOL STUDENTS! Confused Call Chef Lori Gariépy at 613 470-1963 for a free consultation Furnished Bachelor Apartment - 1280 Dundas St. West (Hwy #5), ~ walking distance to Market, Foreign 0070 ROOMS FOR RENT Oakville. 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FREE Consultation Toll-Free 1-866- 0089 COMMERCIAL PROPERTY EAT RESPONSIBLY 416-6772. www.ExpressPardons.com. ~ $500 CASH BONUS Local farmer home delivers heritage pork, 0040 HOUSES FOR RENT 0040 HOUSES FOR RENT One bedroom apartment canal view in beef. Pasture raised, chemical free, cruelty A CRIMINAL RECORD luxury building, rent $1599, granite CENTRETOWN CLASS free. Heard on CBC. Visit www.uppercana- Start 2010 with a Clean Slate and Record! Better Business Bureau and RCMP Accredited. HUNT CLUB countertops, berber carpets, steam, A COMMERICAL daheritagemeat.ca or call 613-924-1234 MONTFORT 4 + 1 bedrooms, 3.5 baths, dining/ sauna, fitness, pool, security, pet friendly Pardons & US Travel Waivers www. Lovely 4 Bedroom, 2.5 Bath, Available with the attached photos. Email win- PardonGranted.ca, Toll-Free 1-800-507-8043. living and eat-in kitchen, finished base- BUILDING 0601 AUTOMOTIVE immediately, $2200, 613-288-1500 ment, backyard. Available May 1st. 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If you’re buying a DISABILITY CLAIM DENIED or 613-238-6736 0132 TRAVEL vehicle privately, don’t become a curb- Toronto’s Leading Disability Lawyers will MARKET sider’s victim. Curbsiders are impostors fight for your rights! We offer a Free ST LAWRENCE RIVER CRUISES who pose as private individuals, but are work. 1 bedroom, 5 appliances A/C, indoor Consultation for Group & Private Disability HT World class cruising close to home. The garage, balcony, Non smoking/pets, actually in the business of selling stolen Claims. No Fees until we Settle. www. hassle free way to travel. 2, 3, 5 or 6 or damaged vehicles. Professionals only. Reference required. nights in private Staterooms. Included: ShareDisabilityLaw.com. 1-888-777-1109.   `   July 1st, $1035+ hydro. 613-680- Shore excursions, great meals & nightly SAVE UP TO $400 ON YOUR CAR INSURANCE Slip and Fall Accident 5146 -weekday/evenings, 514-245- entertainment. TICO#2168740. 253 Clean driving record? 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Charming and quiet crescent next to other embassies. tioned, parquet flooring, utilities includ- Absolutely no ports are blocked. elegant with strong curb appeal, garage, Included are five (5) bedrooms, 4.5 Save up to 30% with our pre HST $500$ LOAN SERVICE ed. Enjoy living in one of Canada’s most Unlimited Downloading. Up to 5Mps booking program at Wooden Stairs & by phone, no credit refused, quick and For more information or to reserve your advertising fenced yard. and 5 appliances. Available bathrooms, den, office, gym, newly built prestigious neighbourhoods. Must be Download and 800Kbps Upload. ORDER Railings. Ph/fax: 519-579-3825. www. easy, payable over 6 or 12 installments. space contact The Hill Times display advertising immediately. Reduced to $2,000/mth large great/family/dining room suit- seen! Call for viewing 613.688.2222. 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It Travel Affordable Toronto Midtown EMBASSYINFORMATION AND ADVERTISEMENT PLACEMENT: TEL. 613-232-2922 FAX 613-232-9055 fenced yard, 2 decks, 2 car garage, appli- is absolutely ideal for ambassadors or ances, extras. $2,200 + Utilities. No pets, diplomatic officials/business executives, no smoking. (613)828-6259 professionals. www.vanplace.com OUT OF TOWN PROPERTIES CONDO/CHALETS CENTREPOINTE SANDY HILL New terrace 2 bdrm, 2.5 bath, A/C, 3 bedroom, 2.5 bathroom semi-detached ALGARVE appls. May/June, $1400 + utilities 613- for rent Aug 1st, 2010. $2750/monthly. Beautiful 2 bdrm apt. w/pool, mins. from beach & amens. kieljfk@ per 288-1500 www.homes-for-rent.com Single attached garage. Please contact gmail.com www.lagosrental.blogspot.com $ GLEBE - AVAILABLE MAY 1ST Josee Pasian @ 613-723-5300 room Beautifully renovated, 3+1 bedrooms, 2 95 WESTBORO COTTAGES FOR RENT night bathrooms (one ensuite), living/dining, 3 + 2 bdrm bungalow, 2 bath, steps eat-in kitchen, 7 appliances, gas fire- to shops & rest, Apr 15, $2000 + place, quiet street, one parking space, OTTAWA RIVER-FRONT COTTAGE utilities 613-288-1500 www.homes- Four seasons, 28km from Parliament Hill. Weekly, monthly, yearly porch, perennial garden. Unfurnished. for-rent.com @Bloor/Spadina Subway, walk to universities, No smokers/pets. $2450/mo. Details/ rentals. Located on 3 acres of land next to Breckenridge Nature Bloor, Yorkville, concert halls and theatre Reserve. Info 819-846-0518. photos: http://mesozoic.earthsci.car- 0041 APARTMENTS FOR RENT WATERFRONT LUXURY Unique Asian Vastu Design. leton.ca/~espencer Contact: lizzyann@ A little paradise; luxury 3 storey home on 23,300 sq.ft. of land. 3 magma.ca / (613) 230-0598 Environmentally friendly, tranquil & smokefree. MUST SEE! bedrooms, 2 bathrooms, 2 fire places. $499,000 including some fur- WATERFRONT RENTALS HUNT CLUB Large 1,200 sq ft apt, 2 bdmrs, niture, electrical appliances and outdoor facilities. Photos and more Wkly, Monthly available. Internet, Parking. Lovely 2 bedroom & loft, gas/AC, June Ducharme at Montreal Rd., 2 appliances, info at: www.bytheowner.com - access code 99314. 238 Guertain PEI OCEAN FRONT 1st, $1600 613-288-1500 www. ground floor, immediate, parking avail- Road in Lambton - Eastern Townships on the St-Francois Lake. Call 6 Luxury summer homes. Close to Crowbush Golf Course. Take virtual tour online homes-for-rent.com able, $1100/month, 613-748-1421 418-486-7970 or email: [email protected] www.sandcastlescottages.ca or 1-403-253-3094 416-922-1934 www.annexquesthouse.com EMBASSY, Wednesday, April 14, 2010—30 Party Time

Turkey Concert for the Pope

1 4 Photos: Sam Garcia

2 3 Photos: Sam Garcia Embassy 5

The Turkish Embassy hosted a presentation on the Tayinat Archeological project on April 7 at the residences Embassy of the Turkish Ambassador. 1. Timothy Harrison, Department of Near and Middle Eastern Civilizations, University of Toronto; Rafet Akgunay, A concert was held at St. Patrick’s Basilica on April 6 in memory of the late pope John Paul II on the 5th ambassador of Turkey; Harvey Slack, the Canadian Fund; Laurier La Pierre, a former Liberal senator. anniversary of his death. 2. Mr. Harrison; Mr. Akgunay; former Canadian ambassador to the UN Paul Heinbecker. 4. Lisette Canton conducting the Ottawa Bach Choir. 3. Don Budria, lobbyist, Hill and Knowlton; Mr. Akgunay. 5. Artur Antoni Michalski, minister counsellor, Embassy of Poland; Vesela Mrden Korac, ambassador of Croatia. Photos: Sam Garcia 6 7

Book Launch Embassy

On April 9, the Polish Embassy hosted a reading from the book The Mermaid and the Messerschmitt, which talks about war as seen through women’s eyes. 6. Terry Tegnanzian, the book’s publisher, and actress Yaell Wittes, who did the dramatic reading. 7. Zenon Henryk Kosiniak-Kamysz, ambassador of Poland; Ms. Wittes; Ms. Tegnanzian; Johann Georg Witschel, ambassador of Germany. EMBASSY, Wednesday, April 14, 2010—31 Envoys & Events Promoting Mexico to Canadian businesses Canada has incredible know-how and Mexico needs that know-how,” Mr. Rivera says. Through joint ventures or partner- ships, Mexican companies can get jobs and Canadian companies can become more ANCA GURZU competitive, “and the manufacturing eco- system is not moving to somewhere in Asia, because once you move it there, it’s gone,” Diplomatic the counsellor says. “But if you keep it in Circles Mexico, you can actually make it grow and give more options to your client. Who is the his is Milko Rivera Hope’s first diplo- client? He is basically in the middle.” matic posting—but he says that is not Promotional work is no secret to Mr. a challenge, since his focus is clear. Rivera. In fact his experience in this field T “To be honest, there is a lack of is what led him to pack his bags and head knowledge about Mexican business oppor- north just a few weeks ago. tunities…and part of my job is to show Born and raised in Mexico City, Mr. Canadian businesses what we have,” says the Rivera got his Bachelor’s degree in eco- new economic, trade and tourism counsellor nomics and then obtained a post-graduate at the Mexican Embassy in Ottawa. “We want degree in international political economy to get Mexico in the top of mind of Canadian from the London School of Economics. His businesses, and send the message across that professional path started while working in Mexico is a good business opportunity.” a private family-owned Mexican company, a Mr. Rivera, who took up his post on large exporter of raw apple and grape juice. March 23, emphasizes that “more business, He later joined the federal ministry of tour- more tourism, more trade, more invest- ism and moved on to become the director of Photo: Anca Gurzu ment from Mexico to Canada and from promotion for all sports-related tourism. His Canada to Mexico” is a win-win situation career continued to diversify in the last few Embassy for both countries—especially when deal- years. After working for the Mexican tourism The Mexican Embassy’s new trade counsellor, Milko Rivera Hope, says last summer’s imposition of ing with the United States. promotion agency, Mr. Rivera applied his newly visas for Mexican citizens wanting to enter Canada did not affect or deter Mexican business people “The stronger our commercial relation- acquired skills at the Mexican business promo- from travelling here. ship, the more of an important bargaining tion board, where he focused on investments, position we will have against our largest commerce and exports. “We basically want to do everything pos- paperwork and priority processing. customer,” Mr. Rivera explains. “I’ve been in the promotion business a lot,” sible to get that relationship moving [between Overall, Mr. Rivera seems to have settled He says Canada was the third-largest he says. “I was in charge of all operations for Canada and Mexico],” Mr. Rivera says. “We are in quite easily in his first diplomatic seat. foreign investor in Mexico in 2008, and by North America in Mexico and that’s how I got not on the top of mind [of Canadian business] “Things are a bit different, it’s a different the end of 2009, there were more than 2,200 to work very closely with all North American and part of our job is to get us there.” country, a different culture, but at the same companies with Canadian interests operat- offices—and that’s basically how I got here.” He says last summer’s imposition of visas time it’s very much the same. I’ve always ing in the country. But there are many more Mr. Rivera’s background and his new for Mexican citizens wanting to enter Canada been involved in international promotion areas, such as mining, information technolo- posting are reflecting the Mexican govern- did not affect or deter Mexican business and the business culture is the same,” he gy, aerospace and alternative energies, lined ment’s strategy to strengthen the country’s people from travelling here. says. “It’s actually a joy to do this.” up on Mr. Rivera’s business promotion list. relationship with Canada. So does the relo- “It hasn’t been an issue, it just takes a The new counsellor describes himself as Manufacturing is a good example that could cation of the Pro Mexico North American couple more days to plan ahead.” someone who loves to do outdoor activities, apply in some of these areas, he explains. director to Canada, he says. Pro Mexico is The Canadian government in fact such as running, biking, or scuba diving. He “Mexico is in many respects much more a 2007 initiative of the Mexican government announced at the end of last week a spe- has already signed up for the Ottawa mara- competitive in manufacturing in this moment mandated to strengthen the country’s par- cial visa application program for frequent thon on May 29. than Canada in regards to cost-structure, but ticipation in the international economy. Mexican business travellers, involving less [email protected]

mation on any celebrations, please call the embassy at TUESDAY, APRIL 20 613-237-4388. CSDS Lecture—The Centre for Defense and Studies Screening: Kilometer Zero, The Collapse of at Carleton University presents a talk with Col. Dominic the WTO—The Canadian Haiti Action Network (CHAN) McAlea, deputy judge advocate, Canadian Forces, who Listings presents three nights of resistance and solidarity films. OTTAWA will discuss “The Rule of Law and Military Justice in Mexico, 2003. 7 p.m. Exile Infoshop, #200-256 Bank St. Africa: Partners in Accountability.” 12-1:30 p.m. Alumni http://canadahaitiaction.ca Submit your Ottawa-based event to listings@embas- Spanish Diplomats and the Holocaust—The Board Room, 617 Robertson Hall, Carleton University, symag.ca or fax to 613-232-9055 by Friday at 5 p.m. Embassy of Spain presents a conference with guest 1125 Col. By Dr. RSVP to 613-520-2600 ext. 6671 or speaker Stanley G. Payne who will discuss “Spanish WEDNESDAY, APRIL 14 [email protected] Diplomats and the Holocaust.” 7 p.m. Free. Soloway JCC, MONDAY, APRIL 19 Lecture: Beyond the Credit Crunch—The School 21 Nadolny Sachs Pr. 613-747-2252 ext. 235. Screening: Resistencia, Tearing Down Fences— of Political Studies and the Centre on Governance at the The Canadian Haiti Action Network (CHAN) presents Screening: Home—A family lives in happy isola- University of Ottawa presents Caroline Chapain, University three nights of resistance and solidarity films. 7 p.m. Exile tion on the margins of an unused highway until the road of Birmingham, who will discuss “Beyond the Credit Infoshop, #200-256 Bank St. http://canadahaitiaction.ca becomes opened to traffic. Dir. Ursula Meier. Switzerland, Crunch: Local Authorities’ response to recession in the UK.” 2009. Part of the 8th edition of Festival Divercine, pre- 12-1:30 p.m. Room 3120 Desmarais Bldg., University of sented by CFI, the Embassy of France, and the Department Ottawa, 55 Laurier Ave. E. [email protected] WEDNESDAY, APRIL 21 of Canadian Heritage. All films in original language with Lens on Afghanistan—The Museum of Civilization French subtitles, unless otherwise noted. 7 p.m. Library and Bempong Foundation Gala Fundraising Dinner— presents a talk with photographer Steve McCurry, who Archives Canada, 395 Wellington St. www.cfi-icf.ca An evening of food, music and dance and education, documents the horrors of war in Afghanistan in his new with proceeds going to upgrade facilities at the Ntarama book. Part of the ongoing exhibition Afghanistan: Hidden Primary School in Rwanda. David Kilgour will give a keynote Treasures. 7 p.m. $20. Theatre, Museum of Civilization, FRIDAY, APRIL 16 address. 6 p.m. $30. Tabaret Hall, University of Ottawa, 550 Gatineau, Que. www.civilization.ca Cumberland St. 613-219-4659 or www.bempong.org Denmark celebrates the birthday of Queen Screening: Après l’Ocean—A tale of two men from Margrethe II. For information on any celebrations, please Dialogue and Cote d’Ivoire who go on a revealing journey from African to call the embassy at 613-562-1811. Friendship Dinner—The Europe. Dir. Eliane de Latour. Ivory Coast. Part of the 8th edition Canadian Institute of Screening: The Army of Crime—News of a small of Festival Divercine, presented by CFI, the Embassy of France, Intercultural Dialogue the resistance force in the South of France and news of their and the Department of Canadian Heritage. All films in original Annual Dialogue Dinner daring attacks reaches Nazi Berlin. Dir. Robert Guédiguian. language with French subtitles, unless otherwise noted. 7 p.m. on Parliament Hill. Keynote France. Part of the 8th edition of Festival Divercine, pre- Library and Archives Canada, 395 Wellington St. www.cfi-icf.ca speaker is Dr. Roseann sented by CFI, the Embassy of France, and the Department O’Reilly Runte, Carleton of Canadian Heritage. All films in original language with University, who will speak French subtitles, unless otherwise noted. 7 p.m. Library and On Behalf of Canadians for a Nuclear on “Spiritual Democracy THURSDAY, APRIL 15 Archives Canada, 395 Wellington St. www.cfi-icf.ca Weapons Convention—John Polyani, Douglas Roche for the 21st Century: (above), and Murray Thompson invite you to a recep- Recasting Development for Nurturing Humane Love, st tion hosted by Canadians for a Nuclear Convention to the 21 Century—CIC National Respect, and Compassion.” SATURDAY, APRIL 17 honour the 505 members of the Order of Canada who presents a GPS e-conference on 7 p.m. Room 200, West st have called on Canada to support negotiations for a “Recasting Development for the 21 Syria celebrates its National Day. Also known as Block, Parliament Hill. global treaty to ban nuclear weapons. 5-6:30 p.m. Room Century.” Moderated by Anna Dion Evacuation Day, Syria gained independence from France 613-829-7787. 238S, Centre Block, House of Commons, Parliament Hill, of IDRC and featuring development in 1946. For information on any celebrations, please call Ottawa, Ont. RSVP by April 16 for security notification to CJSO Monthly Dinner and AGM—The Canada- expert Ian Smillie (left), Patrick Johnston, the embassy at 613-569-5556. senior fellow at the Walter and Duncan 613-224-8155 or [email protected] Japan Society of Ottawa presents its monthly dinner with Gordon Foundation, and the University Screening: Haiti’s Tourniquet—The Canadian Haiti guest speaker Dr. Norman Vorano who will discuss “The SUNDAY, APRIL 18 of Ottawa’s Stephen Brown. 8-11 a.m. Action Network (CHAN) presents three nights of resistance Influence of Japanese Art on Inuit Printmaking.” The AGM To register, please visit www.canadian- Zimbabwe celebrates its Independence Day. It and solidarity films. Tonight: Haiti’s Tourniquet. 7 p.m. Exile will follow. 6 p.m. Genji Japanese Restaurant, 175 Lisgar internationlcouncil.org declared independence from the UK in 1980. For infor- Infoshop, #200-256 Bank St. http://canadahaitiaction.ca St. RSVP to [email protected] “Basically, if you’ve thought about it, The Writers Festival has invited someone to discuss it.” -Ottawa XPress

“The Festival has always been about more than books.... A celebration of freedom of speech, a very public 2010 SPRING EDITION exchange of ideas ... on politics, religion, the environment APRIL 22-27 and literature.” -Ottawa Citizen

FESTIVAL PASSES, DAY PASSES AND INDIVIDUAL TICKETS ON SALE NOW MOST EVENTS HELD AT Programs available from Bridgehead, participating bookstores and OPL Branches THE MAYFAIR THEATRE, 1074 Bank St. THURSDAY, APRIL 22: EARTH DAY: SUSTAINABLE CAPITALISM WEEKDAYS AT NOON featuring Sarah Elton, Jeff Rubin and Joe Laur at Library and Archives Canada, 395 Wellington St. FRIDAY, APRIL 23: IMAGINING TRUTH AND FINDING FACT IN FICTION featuring Tim Wynne Jones, Richard Scarsbrook, Jeffrey Moore, Miguel Syjuco; Andrea BOOKS & BRUNCH at the Levy, Gale Zoë Garnett, Adam Lewis Schroeder, Joan Thomas and Michael Helm. LORD ELGIN HOTEL, 100 Elgin St. SATURDAY, APRIL 24: INVENTION, INVESTIGATION & AUTHENTIC VOICE featuring Harvey Cashore, Andrew Potter, derek beaulieu, Weyman Chan, Frank Davey, George Bowering, Michael Lista, Suzanne Buffam, and Steven Heighton.

SUNDAY, APRIL 25: LOST AND FOUND IN THE GLOBAL VILLAGE featuring Paula Butturini, Tom Jokinen, Amir Gutfreund, Susan Juby, Guy Gavriel Kay, Russell Wangersky, Jaspreet Singh, Horacio Castellanos Moya, Terry O'Reilly, Mike Tennant, Jessica Grant, Rabindranath Maharaj, Russell Smith and Jonathan Miles MONDAY, APRIL 26: WHERE ARE WE AND HOW DID WE GET HERE? featuring Russell Smith, Jessica Grant, John Cassidy, Rachel Zolf, Jesse Patrick Ferguson, Gregory Scofield and Erin Mouré.

TUESDAY, APRIL 27: LIVING HISTORY IN THE PRESENT TENSE featuring Armand Garnet Ruffo, Drew Hayden Taylor, Gregory Scofield, Wade Davis, John Ralston Saul, Adrienne Clarkson, Mark Kingwell and Douglas Coupland