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On the Threshold of the Holocaust: Anti-Jewish Riots and Pogroms In
Geschichte - Erinnerung – Politik 11 11 Geschichte - Erinnerung – Politik 11 Tomasz Szarota Tomasz Szarota Tomasz Szarota Szarota Tomasz On the Threshold of the Holocaust In the early months of the German occu- volume describes various characters On the Threshold pation during WWII, many of Europe’s and their stories, revealing some striking major cities witnessed anti-Jewish riots, similarities and telling differences, while anti-Semitic incidents, and even pogroms raising tantalising questions. of the Holocaust carried out by the local population. Who took part in these excesses, and what was their attitude towards the Germans? The Author Anti-Jewish Riots and Pogroms Were they guided or spontaneous? What Tomasz Szarota is Professor at the Insti- part did the Germans play in these events tute of History of the Polish Academy in Occupied Europe and how did they manipulate them for of Sciences and serves on the Advisory their own benefit? Delving into the source Board of the Museum of the Second Warsaw – Paris – The Hague – material for Warsaw, Paris, The Hague, World War in Gda´nsk. His special interest Amsterdam, Antwerp, and Kaunas, this comprises WWII, Nazi-occupied Poland, Amsterdam – Antwerp – Kaunas study is the first to take a comparative the resistance movement, and life in look at these questions. Looking closely Warsaw and other European cities under at events many would like to forget, the the German occupation. On the the Threshold of Holocaust ISBN 978-3-631-64048-7 GEP 11_264048_Szarota_AK_A5HC PLE edition new.indd 1 31.08.15 10:52 Geschichte - Erinnerung – Politik 11 11 Geschichte - Erinnerung – Politik 11 Tomasz Szarota Tomasz Szarota Tomasz Szarota Szarota Tomasz On the Threshold of the Holocaust In the early months of the German occu- volume describes various characters On the Threshold pation during WWII, many of Europe’s and their stories, revealing some striking major cities witnessed anti-Jewish riots, similarities and telling differences, while anti-Semitic incidents, and even pogroms raising tantalising questions. -
'An Institutional Dispute?' from Le Soir (10 January 1981)
‘An institutional dispute?' from Le Soir (10 January 1981) Caption: On 10 January 1981, in an article published in the Belgian daily newspaper Le Soir, Jean Rey, former President of the European Commission, speculates on the operation of the Community institutions and the real or perceived limits of their political authority over the Member States of the European Communities. Source: Le Soir. 10.01.1981, n° 8; 95e année. Bruxelles. "Une querelle institutionnelle?", auteur:Rey, Jean , p. 1;19. Copyright: (c) Translation CVCE.EU by UNI.LU All rights of reproduction, of public communication, of adaptation, of distribution or of dissemination via Internet, internal network or any other means are strictly reserved in all countries. Consult the legal notice and the terms and conditions of use regarding this site. URL: http://www.cvce.eu/obj/an_institutional_dispute_from_le_soir_10_january_1981- en-a60e4bb5-ee09-42f2-b9c2-4bae7b5f7b38.html Last updated: 05/07/2016 1/3 An institutional dispute? by Jean Rey (*) The European public is considering the conflict which has recently arisen between the Strasbourg Parliament and certain Member States of the European Community concerning budgetary provisions for the financial years 1980 and 1981. We shall not go into the details of that dispute. It will soon become the subject of either a compromise or a decision by the Court of Justice with which everyone will have to comply. What is interesting about this dispute is the institutional problem. Has Parliament acted ultra vires? Has the Council exercised its own powers properly? In addition, and above all, is there not a fundamental problem here, the problem of the authority which the European institutions have over the Member States? *** What we should draw attention to first of all is the malfunctioning of the Council of Ministers of the Community. -
Federal City and Centre of International Cooperation
Bonn Federal City and Centre of International Cooperation Table of Contents Foreword by the Mayor of Bonn 2 Content Bonn – a New Profile 4 Bonn – City of the German Constitution 12 The Federal City of Bonn – Germany’s Second Political Centre 14 International Bonn – Working Towards sustainable Development Worldwide 18 Experience Democracy 28 Bonn – Livable City and Cultural Centre 36 1 Foreword to show you that Bonn’s 320,000 inhabitants may make it a comparatively small town, but it is far from being small-town. On the contrary, Bonn is the city of tomor- “Freude.Joy.Joie.Bonn” – row, where the United Nations, as well as science and Bonn’s logo says everything business, explore the issues that will affect humankind in about the city and is based on the future. Friedrich Schiller’s “Ode to Bonn’s logo, “Freude.Joy.Joie.Bonn.”, incidentally also Joy”, made immortal by our stands for the cheerful Rhenish way of life, our joie de vi- most famous son, Ludwig van vre or Lebensfreude as we call it. Come and experience it Beethoven, in the final choral yourself: Sit in our cafés and beer gardens, go jogging or movement of his 9th Symphony. “All men shall be brot- cycling along the Rhine, run through the forests, stroll hers” stands for freedom and peaceful coexistence in the down the shopping streets and alleys. View the UN and world, values that are also associated with Bonn. The city Post Towers, Godesburg Castle and the scenic Siebenge- is the cradle of the most successful democracy on Ger- birge, the gateway to the romantic Rhine. -
The European Commissioner for Trade in 2010-2014 (Barroso II Commission) Cecilia Malmström
Торговельна політика ЄС Що Карел залишає Сесилії? Роберт Хорольський, к.ю.н., радник Юридичної фірми «ОМП» 24 вересня 2014 року, м. Київ Karel De Gucht • Born 1954, a Belgian politician • Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party (ALDE), liberal • In 2009-2010, European Commissioner for Development and Humanitarian Aid (Barroso I Commission) • The European Commissioner for Trade in 2010-2014 (Barroso II Commission) Cecilia Malmström • Born 1968, a Swedish politician • Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party (ALDE), liberal • In 2010-2014, European Commissioner for Home Affairs (Barroso II Commission) • The European Commissioner for Trade in 2014-2019 (Juncker Commission) European Commissioners for Trade since 1957 Jean Rey Belgium 1957–1962 Hallstein Commission I 1962–1967 Hallstein Commission II Jean-François Deniau France 1968–1970 Rey Commission Ralf Dahrendorf W.Germany 1970–1972 Malfatti Commission 1972–1973 Mansholt Commission Christopher Soames UK 1973–1977 Ortoli Commission Wilhelm Haferkamp W.Germany 1977–1981 Jenkins Commission 1981–1985 Thorn Commission Willy De Clercq Belgium 1985–1988 Delors Commission I Frans Andriessen Netherlands 1989–1992 Delors Commission II Leon Brittan UK 1993–1995 Delors Commission III 1995–1999 Santer Commission Pascal Lamy France 1999–2004 Prodi Commission Danuta Hübner Poland 2004 Prodi Commission Peter Mandelson UK 2004–2008 Barroso Commission I Catherine Ashton UK 2008–2009 Barroso Commission I Benita Ferrero-Waldner Austria 2009–2010 Barroso Commission I Karel De Gucht Belgium -
Macroeconomic and Monetary Policy-Making at the European Commission, from the Rome Treaties to the Hague Summit
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Maes, Ivo Working Paper Macroeconomic and monetary policy-making at the European Commission, from the Rome Treaties to the Hague Summit NBB Working Paper, No. 58 Provided in Cooperation with: National Bank of Belgium, Brussels Suggested Citation: Maes, Ivo (2004) : Macroeconomic and monetary policy-making at the European Commission, from the Rome Treaties to the Hague Summit, NBB Working Paper, No. 58, National Bank of Belgium, Brussels This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/144272 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. www.econstor.eu NATIONAL BANK OF BELGIUM WORKING PAPERS - RESEARCH SERIES MACROECONOMIC AND MONETARY POLICY-MAKING AT THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION, FROM THE ROME TREATIES TO THE HAGUE SUMMIT _______________________________ Ivo Maes (*) The views expressed in this paper are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bank of Belgium. -
Bosnia Herzegovina Seongjin Kim Equatorial Guinea 1 1 1 UNESCO 1
Committee Totals (GA, SPC, ICJ Judges ICJ Advocates ICJ Officers School Delegations GA SPC SC Total Total, SC) Opening Speeches GA Opening Speeches SPC Qatar Agora Sant Cugat International School 1 1 2 10 2 2 Oman Agora Sant Cugat International School 1 1 2 10 Sri Lanka Agora Sant Cugat International School 1 1 2 20 Bosnia Herzegovina Agora Sant Cugat International School 1 1 2 0 Camaroon Agora Sant Cugat International School 1 1 2 Gambia Agora Sant Cugat International School 1 1 2 Kiribati Agora Sant Cugat International School 1 1 2 Monaco Agora Sant Cugat International School 1 1 2 Romania Agora Sant Cugat International School 1 1 2 Solomon Islands Agora Sant Cugat International School 1 1 2 South Africa American International School of Bucharest 1 1 2 8 2 2 Seongjin Kim Serbia American International School of Bucharest 1 1 2 8 Andrew Weston Portugal American International School of Bucharest 1 1 2 16 Cambodia American International School of Bucharest 1 1 2 1 Central African Republic American International School of Bucharest 1 1 2 Equatorial Guinea American International School of Bucharest 1 1 1 2 Lithuania American International School of Bucharest 1 1 2 Mongolia American International School of Bucharest 1 1 2 USA American School of Barcelona 1 1 1 3 11 2 2 Norway American School of Barcelona 1 1 2 9 Argentina American School of Barcelona 1 1 2 20 Uraguay American School of Barcelona 1 1 2 1 Chad American School of Barcelona 1 1 2 Guinea Bissau American School of Barcelona 1 1 2 Kyrgyzstan American School of Barcelona 1 1 2 Montenegro -
La Presse Clandestine En Belgique Occupée Pendant La Première Guerre Mondiale
Université Catholique de Louvain Faculté de Philosophie et Lettres Département d’Histoire Les “soldats de la plume” : La presse clandestine en Belgique occupée pendant la Première Guerre mondiale. Promoteur : Laurence Van Ypersele Mémoire présenté par François Hirsch En vue de l’obtention du grade de licencié en histoire Année académique 2005-2006 2 La presse clandestine belge représente une véritable mine d’or pour l’historiographie de la Première Guerre mondiale. En effet, ce phénomène urbain, voire bruxellois, et francophone saisit d’un angle nouveau la “culture de guerre” qui anime la population belge occupée. Créée pour combattre les nouvelles décourageantes de sa consœur censurée, la presse clandestine soutient les déprimés et les hésitants. Dans ce but, elle informe les Belges des méfaits et violations dont l’Allemagne s’est et se rend toujours coupable, et incite la population à faire preuve de courage, de patience et d’optimisme, bref de patriotisme. Elle condamne tout contact avec l’ennemi, dont elle dénonce les crimes, et entretient l’esprit d’insoumission et de résistance morale. Au-delà de la diversité des points de vue, nous avons aperçu, au sein de cette communauté de pensée, la même foi dans le triomphe du Droit et de la Civilisation, la même passion pour la Liberté, la Paix et la Justice, la même haine de la barbarie, des crimes et des mensonges et la même volonté d’anéantir la Kultur allemande et de débarrasser le monde du militarisme prussien. 3 Tout d’abord, nous tenons à remercier sincèrement Mme. Van Ypersele pour son écoute attentive et ses précieux conseils. -
Federalism, Bicameralism, and Institutional Change: General Trends and One Case-Study*
brazilianpoliticalsciencereview ARTICLE Federalism, Bicameralism, and Institutional Change: General Trends and One Case-study* Marta Arretche University of São Paulo (USP), Brazil The article distinguishes federal states from bicameralism and mechanisms of territorial representation in order to examine the association of each with institutional change in 32 countries by using constitutional amendments as a proxy. It reveals that bicameralism tends to be a better predictor of constitutional stability than federalism. All of the bicameral cases that are associated with high rates of constitutional amendment are also federal states, including Brazil, India, Austria, and Malaysia. In order to explore the mechanisms explaining this unexpected outcome, the article also examines the voting behavior of Brazilian senators constitutional amendments proposals (CAPs). It shows that the Brazilian Senate is a partisan Chamber. The article concludes that regional influence over institutional change can be substantially reduced, even under symmetrical bicameralism in which the Senate acts as a second veto arena, when party discipline prevails over the cohesion of regional representation. Keywords: Federalism; Bicameralism; Senate; Institutional change; Brazil. well-established proposition in the institutional literature argues that federal Astates tend to take a slow reform path. Among other typical federal institutions, the second legislative body (the Senate) common to federal systems (Lijphart 1999; Stepan * The Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa no Estado -
Côte D'ivoire Country Focus
European Asylum Support Office Côte d’Ivoire Country Focus Country of Origin Information Report June 2019 SUPPORT IS OUR MISSION European Asylum Support Office Côte d’Ivoire Country Focus Country of Origin Information Report June 2019 More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (http://europa.eu). ISBN: 978-92-9476-993-0 doi: 10.2847/055205 © European Asylum Support Office (EASO) 2019 Reproduction is authorised, provided the source is acknowledged, unless otherwise stated. For third-party materials reproduced in this publication, reference is made to the copyrights statements of the respective third parties. Cover photo: © Mariam Dembélé, Abidjan (December 2016) CÔTE D’IVOIRE: COUNTRY FOCUS - EASO COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION REPORT — 3 Acknowledgements EASO acknowledges as the co-drafters of this report: Italy, Ministry of the Interior, National Commission for the Right of Asylum, International and EU Affairs, COI unit Switzerland, State Secretariat for Migration (SEM), Division Analysis The following departments reviewed this report, together with EASO: France, Office Français de Protection des Réfugiés et Apatrides (OFPRA), Division de l'Information, de la Documentation et des Recherches (DIDR) Norway, Landinfo The Netherlands, Immigration and Naturalisation Service, Office for Country of Origin Information and Language Analysis (OCILA) Dr Marie Miran-Guyon, Lecturer at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), researcher, and author of numerous publications on the country reviewed this report. It must be noted that the review carried out by the mentioned departments, experts or organisations contributes to the overall quality of the report, but does not necessarily imply their formal endorsement of the final report, which is the full responsibility of EASO. -
Has the Afd Changed German Politics?
2/2017 2/2017 Has the AfD changed German politics? Klaus Ziemer Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw Abstract The entry of the AfD to the Bundestag marks a new stage in German politics. This article traces the origins of this right-wing populist party against the background of extreme right- wing parties in post-war Germany. It analyses the main precepts of the party’s programme and its activity in parliaments on the regional (Länder) level. A look at where AfD-voters are coming from reveals a long-term trend of a weakening alignment between voters and parties and a growing fragmentation of the German party system. Key words AfD, origins, party programme, AfD electorate, parliamentary activity he political scene in Germany is in a state of flux. The elections Tto the Bundestag in 2017 have, in a most remarkable way, con- tinued the long-term change of the German party system. The entry of the right-wing Alternative für Deutschland (Alternative for Germany, AfD) reflects the changes in the political cleavages in Germany after the immigration crisis of 2015 and has brought about the end of unam- biguous coalition alternatives on the federal level. The loss of votes by most of the established parties (the SPD got its worst result in Bundestag elections ever) and the number of parliamentary groups: six, which the Bundestag had last seen in 1953 – has made it clear that the Federal Republic is entering a new stage in its history. This was confirmed by the fact that the formation of a new government took half a year – an un- precedented long period of time in the history of the Federal Republic. -
Communiqué from the SPD on the Moscow Treaty (Bonn, 9 August 1955)
Communiqué from the SPD on the Moscow Treaty (Bonn, 9 August 1955) Caption: On 9 August 1970, in anticipation of the imminent signature, in Moscow, of the Treaty between Germany and the Soviet Union, the West German Socialist Party (SPD) expresses its satisfaction at the new links being forged between the Federal Republic of Germany and the Soviet Union. Source: The Treaty of August 12, 1970 between the Federal Republic of Germany and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Bonn: Press and Information Office of the Federal Government, 1970. 204 p. p. 168-171. Copyright: (c) Press and Information Office of the Federal Government URL: http://www.cvce.eu/obj/communique_from_the_spd_on_the_moscow_treaty_bonn_9_august_1955-en-8b5aa36f- dc45-4862-a560-d09827ffebf4.html Last updated: 03/07/2015 1 / 3 03/07/2015 Communiqué on the Session of the Presidium of the Social Democratic Party of Germany August 9, 1970 After the briefing on the result of the Moscow negotiations between the two Foreign Ministers, the SPD Presidium passed the following resolution: The SPD presidium is pleased to be able to endorse the agreement reached by the Foreign Ministers of the Federal Republic of Germany and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the treaty between the two states. The Presidium conveys its thanks to the Federal Foreign Minister, Walter Scheel. In addition, it would also like to thank all other participants, among them the representatives of the Parliamentary Parties of the FDP and SPD, Dr. Ernst Achenbach and Karl Wienand, and State-Secretaries Egon Bahr and Paul Frank. In the national interest and in the interest of peace in Europe, we expect that the set of agreements will be signed, and later that their ratification will receive a large majority in the Bundestag, as soon as the Four Powers have arrived at a satisfactory solution of the Berlin problem. -
Bd. 5: Deutsch- 29 Hs
willy brandt Berliner Ausgabe willy brandt Berliner Ausgabe Herausgegeben von helga grebing, gregor schöllgen und heinrich august winkler Im Auftrag der Bundeskanzler-Willy-Brandt-Stiftung band 1: Hitler ist nicht Deutschland. Jugend in Lübeck – Exil in Norwegen 1928 – 1940 band 2: Zwei Vaterländer. Deutsch-Norweger im schwedischen Exil – Rückkehr nach Deutschland 1940 – 1947 band 3: Berlin bleibt frei. Politik in und für Berlin 1947 – 1966 band 4: Auf dem Weg nach vorn. Willy Brandt und die SPD 1947 – 1972 band 5: Die Partei der Freiheit. Willy Brandt und die SPD 1972 – 1992 band 6: Ein Volk der guten Nachbarn. Außen- und Deutschlandpolitik 1966 – 1974 band 7: Mehr Demokratie wagen. Innen- und Gesellschaftspolitik 1966 – 1974 band 8: Über Europa hinaus. Dritte Welt und Sozialistische Internationale band 9: Die Entspannung unzerstörbar machen. Internationale Beziehungen und deutsche Frage 1974 – 1982 band 10: Gemeinsame Sicherheit. Internationale Beziehungen und deutsche Frage 1982 – 1992 willy brandt Berliner Ausgabe band 5 Die Partei der Freiheit Willy Brandt und die SPD 1972 – 1992 Bearbeitet von karsten rudolph Verlag J.H.W. Dietz Nachf. GmbH Die Bundeskanzler-Willy-Brandt-Stiftung bedankt sich für die groß- zügige finanzielle Unterstützung der gesamten Berliner Ausgabe bei: Frau Ursula Katz, Northbrook, Illinois Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach-Stiftung, Essen Otto Wolff von Amerongen-Stiftung, Köln Stiftungsfonds Deutsche Bank im Stifterverband für die Deutsche Wissenschaft e. V., Essen Stiftung Deutsche Klassenlotterie Berlin Deutsche Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Hamburg Bankgesellschaft Berlin AG Herlitz AG, Berlin Metro AG, Köln Schering AG, Berlin Bibliografische Information Der Deutschen Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; dataillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.ddb.de abrufbar.