E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 114 CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION

Vol. 162 WASHINGTON, THURSDAY, APRIL 28, 2016 No. 66 Senate The Senate met at 10 a.m. and was Our Democratic friends said— strengthen the hand of the Revolu- called to order by the President pro restoring the regular order promises not tionary Guard, a group that has been tempore (Mr. HATCH). only a more open and transparent process, accused of helping Shiite militias at- but a chance for Senators on both sides of f tack and kill American soldiers in Iraq. the aisle to participate meaningfully in Many of us, including myself, warned PRAYER funding decisions. This is a win-win oppor- that this deal made little sense in tunity and we should seize it together. The Chaplain, Dr. Barry C. Black, of- terms of our regional strategy. We That was a letter I received from all fered the following prayer: warned it would enhance Iran’s capa- of our friends on the other side of the Let us pray. bility and its power. Indeed, since sign- aisle. That is exactly what we have ing President Obama’s deal, Iran has Lord, You are in the midst of us and been doing—exactly. The appropria- tested ballistic missiles. It has de- we are called Your children. We confess tions process is off to a strong start, an ployed forces to Syria in support of the that we often fail to live worthy of ‘‘excellent kickoff,’’ in the words of the Assad regime. It has harassed Amer- Your great Name and generous mer- top Appropriations Committee Demo- cies. We thank You for the opportunity ican ships and those of our allies with- crat, Senator MIKULSKI, with bills pass- in the Persian Gulf. to serve You as we strive to keep ing through the committee by unani- So when the administration made an America the land of the free and the mous bipartisan votes. home of the brave. Abide with our law- ‘‘If this is the way it is going to be to announcement over this past weekend makers. Be their companion as they move appropriations,’’ she said just a that it would be purchasing so-called labor to keep this Nation strong. Drive few days ago, ‘‘then I think it is a good heavy water from Iran, a lot of us were concerned. That is right. Make sure ev- away all snares of the enemy and may day.’’ Senator MIKULSKI said: ‘‘I think no weapon formed against them be able it is a good day.’’ Democrats lauded the erybody understands. U.S. funds would to prosper. Make our Senators models first bill on the floor and in press re- be sent to Iran. Nothing in the Presi- of excellence and integrity for our Na- leases for helping promote American dent’s deal with Iran required the tion and world. jobs and for addressing the cleanup of United States to make that purchase. We pray in Your great Name. Amen. radioactive and hazardous contamina- It is likely it will effectively amount to even more money for Iran to invest f tion across our country. They praised its key investments in in military modernization. PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE research and water infrastructure. So Senator COTTON filed an amend- The President pro tempore led the Then, what did they do? They filibus- ment to prevent the money we are ap- Pledge of Allegiance, as follows: tered—the very same people who wrote propriating from being used for more of I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the the letter, the very same people who these purchases in the future—in the United States of America, and to the Repub- praised the bill in press releases, the future. His amendment does not put lic for which it stands, one nation under God, very same people who took credit for the Secretary of Energy’s current indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. amendments in the bill, those same heavy water purchase agreement at f people. risk. It simply tries to keep our Treas- It seems Democrats are more con- ury from subsidizing the modernization RECOGNITION OF THE MAJORITY cerned with funding the acquisition of of Iran’s military or the procurement LEADER heavy water from Iran than funding of ballistic missiles or air defenses that The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. water infrastructure in America. Let may be used against America or her al- ROUNDS). The majority leader is recog- me say that again. It seems Democrats lies. nized. are more concerned with funding the I support his policy objective. I don’t know why it would not be supported by f acquisition of heavy water from Iran than funding water infrastructure every Member of the Senate, regardless THE APPROPRIATIONS PROCESS right here in our own country. of party, but apparently Democrats do Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, let As we all know, President Obama not. They have filibustered the overall me quote from a letter I recently re- concluded a nuclear deal with Iran last bill, a bill that passed committee with ceived from our colleagues across the year. Tehran is expected to reap ap- unanimous bipartisan support, remem- aisle. Here is what they said: proximately $100 billion, thanks to the ber, to prevent even the possibility— We are writing to reiterate our interest in deal, and the Obama administration this amendment is not even pending— working cooperatively to facilitate the fiscal itself has admitted the regime is likely to prevent even the possibility of vot- year 2017 appropriations process. As we see to use that windfall to invest in its war ing on this amendment. They could not it— economy, to defend its regime, and to wait a single week before throwing an

∑ This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor.

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VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.000 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2504 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 obstructionist wrench into the appro- a measure to give the public more ac- I had the good fortune of either priations process they claim to want. cess to government records, a bill to chairing or being the ranking member Some of us remember that the Demo- help safeguard American intellectual of that Energy and Water Sub- crats did not want to vote when they property from theft, and critical legis- committee. So I know a lot about that were in the majority. They also don’t lation to help address our Nation’s pre- subcommittee—many successful bills, seem to want to vote when they are in scription opioid and heroin epidemic. never an unsuccessful bill did we bring the minority. I hope they are not dust- Just last week, we passed both the to the floor. We did them quickly. I ing off the old filibuster summer play- most pro-passenger, pro-security FAA worked mostly with the Senator from book, especially in light of the letter reauthorization in years and the first New Mexico by the name of Domenici. they just sent to me about win-win op- major energy legislation since the We worked together and got a lot done portunities and restoring regular order. Bush administration. So where are we? for the country. So I know this Water Perhaps the most galling thing about We now have a bipartisan opportunity and Energy bill. The Republican leader Democrats again trying to blow up the to responsibly work through the indi- complains about what happened yester- appropriations process is this: They vidual funding bills. We now have a bi- day on the Energy and Water appro- filibustered this appropriations bill and partisan opportunity to responsibly priations bill. then walked into a press conference continue addressing funding issues like On the Democratic side, there is no about Zika funding. They filibustered Zika. one who is more liked, appreciated, and this bill and then walked into a press What will it take? What it will take who is more imbued as a historic figure conference about Zika funding. is for our Democratic colleagues to end than DIANNE FEINSTEIN of California. The appropriations process is the this obstruction and work coopera- She became involved in politics at an path for that funding. That is the way tively across the aisle instead. That is early age and was thrown into a mael- you do it. Preventing the spread of not too much to ask. So let’s take a strom of violence when the mayor was Zika is something both parties agree is step back and look at the bigger pic- murdered. She had to step in and take a priority. The administration cur- ture. I believe that when you give Sen- over that very difficult job. As a Senator, she has been valiant, rently has funds to address the issue ators and the people they represent and she wants to get things done. No but has requested additional funds by more of a say in the legislative process, one can call her rank partisan, because the end of next month. Both Repub- they are bound to take more of a stake she isn’t. But like all of us over here, licans and Democrats have been look- in the legislative outcome, regardless she was terribly disappointed yester- ing at different approaches to properly of party. day and the day before when all of a address the situation. That is why we have empowered com- The senior Senator from Washington, sudden, the bill is finished—the bill is mittees and Members to take the lead finished; the Energy and Water bill is Mrs. MURRAY, recently characterized in more areas. That is how we have finished—and out of nowhere at 12:15 that bipartisanship collaborative proc- gotten the Senate back to work in so p.m. on Tuesday we get an amendment ess as moving forward ‘‘in good faith.’’ many ways. I think Members in both that really is something that is a poi- That is especially notable when you parties have seen the benefits of it. So, son pill if there ever were one. consider how difficult it is for the com- yes, some may see a short-term polit- The only thing holding up the bill is mittee to move forward when the ad- ical benefit in blowing up the appro- this poison pill amendment. We agreed ministration keeps it waiting month priations process now, but I would also to pass it yesterday. DIANNE FEINSTEIN after month after month for informa- ask my friends to remember this: Re- agrees; pass it. She likes it the way it tion it needs, as has been the case with storing the appropriations process is is. We like it the way it is. Zika, but progress is being made any- something we all should want. Demo- So if they are as serious about doing way. Then Democrats filibustered and crats have said it is what they want. their job as the Republican leader said, upended the process. So how do we Republicans have said it is what we we are happy to vote on this bill now. move forward now? I remember the sec- want. It is what I have set out to do. I But if Republicans continue to insist ond-ranking Democrat, Senator DUR- think it is the best way to give indi- on these poison pill amendments—and BIN, once shared some wisdom that vidual Senators in both parties more of there is no question that is what this seems particularly relevant. Here is a voice for their constituents in the is—we are going to have to continue as what he said: funding process, to empower them to we have. If you don’t want to fight fires, don’t be a make smarter decisions about how tax- It takes a lot of gall for my friend firefighter. If you don’t want to come to Con- payer dollars are spent. the Republican leader to talk about gress and vote on tough issues, get another So we are going to give our col- filibusters. I repeat what I have said job somewhere else. leagues an opportunity today to recon- here before, but it is worth repeating. So here is the message to our Demo- sider this filibuster. They don’t have to As soon as Obama was elected, the Re- cratic colleagues: Do your job. Do your block the appropriations process, publicans met in Washington, and they job. There are other areas where both which is the path for funding priorities reported in a 2-day-long meeting— sides have been able to find common such as Zika. I hope they will make the which had been reported on numerous ground. We have seen the truth of that right choice. We have gotten so much times—that they came to two conclu- in many important solutions passed by done already with hard work and co- sions. this Republican-led Senate already: operation. I know there is much more No. 1, Obama will not be re-elected. permanent tax relief for families and we can accomplish for our country They failed at that miserably. He got small businesses, groundbreaking edu- with a little more of each. more than 5 million votes than his op- cation reform that empowers parents So let’s keep striving to get more ponent. But on the other thing they and prevents Washington from impos- done for our country. The only way to have succeeded in most instances, and ing Common Core, the first long-term do that is together. that is to oppose everything President transportation solution in years—a so- f Obama wants. That continues to today. lution that will finally allow us to ad- As far as poison pill amendments, we dress crumbling roads and infrastruc- RECOGNITION OF THE MINORITY are on record numerous times talking ture. LEADER about why it is wrong to have these Whether it is pay raises for our The PRESIDING OFFICER. The poison pill riders. For example, I said troops, help for our veterans, or hope Democratic leader is recognized. on the floor: for the victims of human trafficking, f True bipartisanship also requires both par- we got a lot done last year with hard ties to resist the temptation to pursue poi- work and with cooperation. We have THE APPROPRIATIONS PROCESS son pill riders that appeal to their own sup- gotten more done this year with hard Mr. REID. Mr. President, when I first porters, but that are so strongly opposed by the other party that their inclusion in appro- work and cooperation too. In the past 3 came to the Senate, I was so fortunate priations bills would grind the process to a months, we passed a comprehensive I was put on the Appropriations Com- halt. No doubt there will be many opportuni- North Korea sanctions bill, a bill to mittee that very first day I was here. I ties next year for both sides to score polit- permanently ban Internet access taxes, loved my assignment. For many years, ical points. But the appropriations process is

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.002 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2505 not the place for that. And I hope members Imagine, mosquitoes are carrying a take money from vaccines they were in both parties will agree that it’s more im- virus that affects pregnant women, a working on for Ebola and other things portant to fund the government than to play virus that causes birth defects in ba- and start doing Zika. Now we have a politics. bies, not allowing their brains and situation where both the mosquito- That is what I said when we started skulls to develop. The skulls collapse caused Zika and the Ebola scourge are this Congress, and that is what the on a number of them. Brains don’t de- underfunded now. Republicans have Senators who wrote this letter, which velop. It is a virus that can cause men done a double whammy here. We need my friend the Republican leader talked and women to develop nervous system to give the money back to the agencies about, want to do. We want to do ap- disorders that can result in paralysis. that are doing something to help Ebola propriations bills, and we were on a We don’t know the full extent of this. and fund Zika. rush to get the first one done. We were We had a briefing here a week ago They haven’t lifted a finger that we headed to victory, and then out of no- today with the Centers for Disease are aware of. As I said yesterday, the where comes a poison pill rider. Every- Control and Prevention and the Na- senior Senator from Washington hasn’t one acknowledges that is what it is. tional Institutes of Health. We had the heard from the so-called negotiators in There are many definitions of a poison Secretary of Health and Human Serv- more than a week. They refuse to do pill rider but, of course, as the Presi- ices here. They are in a state of emer- anything, even as the Centers for Dis- dent has said, one is when you can’t gency. They need to do something. ease Control and Prevention and the sign the bill. They need to develop a vaccine. This is National Institutes of Health are plead- So it would be to everyone’s interest on its way. It is here. ing for us to act. They have been very if we would simply step back, pass the It is here in Puerto Rico. We have clear about the funding they need to bill that exists, and figure out some cases reported in the State of my fight Zika. They are not making up other way to try to embarrass the friend, Florida. He is someone with things. They have told us in line and President. This is not the way to do it. whom I have served in the House and in verse. Finally, my friend the Republican the Senate. Senator NELSON of Florida My friend, the Republican leader leader comes to the floor and talks is one of our very outstanding Mem- said: We need more from the adminis- about what a great amount of work we bers. tration. It wasn’t all that long ago that have done in the Senate. We have done We already know there are cases in my friend the Republican leader was as much as we can. We have tried to Florida. Thirty States are going to be singing a much different song. This is support everything. affected with these mosquitoes as the what he said about funding the out- We are a responsible minority. We weather warms. I have been told in the break of Ebola 2 years ago, and it is a have not done to them what they have past that mosquitoes have never direct quote: done to us. They opposed everything caused birth defects. They have caused I think they should have anything they we tried to do—everything. We had to all kinds of problems with malaria and want. . . . Whatever the [Centers for Disease move to hundreds of motions to pro- other things, but not birth defects. Control and Prevention] thinks they need, ceed. Now they are here. we’ll give it to them. We are pleased we got the energy leg- Imagine, after what I have just laid He said the same thing 7 years ago islation done. We tried for 5 years to out to you, that those in control of when we were faced with another real get it done. We were filibustered every Congress do nothing to address the im- problem, swine flu. This is what he said step of the way. We couldn’t get it minent danger posed by this virus. It then: ‘‘So if [the Administration] needs done. So it was brought up again. We sounds like some science fiction novel; anything additionally from Congress, I cooperated, and we got it done. So vir- doesn’t it? But it is not. know we’ll be happy to provide it on a tually everything the Republican lead- This is real life in America. This is totally bipartisan basis.’’ er talked about were things that we the reality—the Republicans’ refusal to Fast forward 7 years, and the Repub- tried to do before and they wouldn’t let respond to the threat of Zika. My licans now in the majority won’t pro- us. friend mentioned that the senior Sen- vide the requested funding for Zika. Let’s talk about what we haven’t ator from Washington is involved in Why? We know why. They can’t get it done. They talked about having passed trying to come up with something for through over here. They can’t get it opioid legislation. Oops, there is one Zika. She said yesterday she hasn’t done. problem. They didn’t fund it. Flint, heard a word from the Republicans in The Centers for Disease Control and MI—oops, they did nothing. They ig- more than a week on this important Prevention and the National Institutes nored it for months and months and issue. of Health know what they need. They months. This is real life. Zika is a scourge have told us. They told anyone who There was a mistake. No one dis- that is already affecting our country, will listen. agrees there was a mistake made—not as I have outlined. It is time we pass an So why can’t the Republicans give it by us but by the Republicans—in draft- emergency appropriations bill to take to them. If they won’t give the experts ing a deal with renewable energy cred- care of it, to fight it. Out of tradition, the resources they need to combat its—not done. common sense, and precedent, a public Zika, what do they propose? We could There is the Zika virus. My friend health threat is an emergency, and it ask the Zika-carrying mosquitoes: says: Well, we are trying to get infor- demands a response. Don’t breed this year. mation. That is ridiculous. We will As I indicated, hundreds of people in Remember, anyway, that it is in the hear more about that in a few minutes. Puerto Rico—quickly approaching a last term of a two-term President. There are no district court nomina- thousand—are infected. As the weather Maybe we shouldn’t do it this year. tions, no hearings on the Supreme warms, as I have indicated, it is going The Senate should not leave today Court. to multiply throughout the continental without addressing this serious issue. There is no need to go over what United States. Thirty States will like- We shouldn’t be taking 10 days off as a hasn’t been done. ly be affected with this mosquito—this dangerous virus threatens this Na- f killer mosquito. tion—and it is threatening us. The Re- More than 2 months ago my friend publicans should do their job and pass UNANIMOUS CONSENT REQUEST— said: We need more from the adminis- a $1.9 billion emergency spending bill H.R. 3038 tration. More than 2 months ago the to help protect Americans from the Mr. REID. Mr. President, imagine administration—desperate as they Zika virus. though, if you will, that this great were—sent a letter to Congress saying Mr. NELSON. Mr. President, will the country is facing a potential outbreak we need an emergency request of $1.9 Senator yield before he makes the re- of a dangerous virus. It is nothing that billion—out of desperation. quest? was made up in the movies, nothing What did the White House do? Two Mr. REID. I am pleased to do that. I that is on a special TV show. It is actu- years ago we were fighting Ebola. It is want the record to be spread with the ally a potential outbreak of a dan- still a serious worldwide problem and a fact that this good man—more than gerous virus. problem for our country. They had to any other Senator, because of what he

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.003 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2506 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 is facing and will face in the very hot, the Maternal and Child Health Block Grant/ the Americas with local Zika transmission. humid, and sometimes tropical State Home Visiting, the National Health Service On February 1, 2016, the World Health Orga- of Florida—recognized this a long time Corps, and the Countermeasures Injury Pro- nization declared the Zika virus a Public ago. I admire him being ahead of this tection Program. Health Emergency of International Concern. Other HHS activities—$25 million for ur- My foremost priority is to protect the issue. He has been out there in the gent and emerging threats. health and safety of Americans. This request front and some of us have been trying DEPARTMENT OF STATE—$41 MILLION supports the necessary steps to fortify our to catch up with him. Supports U.S. citizens in affected coun- domestic health system, detect and respond I yield to the Senator. tries, medical support for State Department to any potential Zika outbreaks at home, Mr. NELSON. Mr. President, I thank employees in affected countries, public diplo- and to limit the spread in other countries. the Senator for yielding. I wish to add macy, communications, and other operations The request includes approximately $1.9 to his comments from this Senator’s activities. Also supports the World Health billion to respond to Zika virus transmission personal perspective. Organization and its regional arm, the Pan across the United States and internation- ally. In addition, transfer authority is re- The State of Florida presently has 94 American Health Organization. These re- sources would support critical public health quested to allow for sufficient response and infected cases that we know of, includ- flexibility across the Federal Government to ing 5 pregnant women whom we know actions underway, including preparedness, surveillance, data collection, and risk com- address changing circumstances and emerg- of. munication. Activities would also include ing needs related to the Zika virus. We also have a very mobile and size- support for the UN Children’s Fund’s My Administration requests that the fund- able population of Puerto Ricans who (UNICEF) Zika response efforts in Brazil, ing described above be designated as emer- go to that island, where, lo and behold, and support for the International Atomic gency requirements pursuant to section it is estimated that up to 20 percent of Energy Agency (IAEA) to bolster diagnostic 251(b)(2)(A) of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, as the population could ultimately be in- capabilities through deployment of equip- ment, and specialized training and to imple- amended. fected. There are upwards of close to I urge the Congress to act expeditiously in 100 cases—multiple hundreds—that we ment projects to suppress mosquito popu- lations in affected areas. considering this important request, the de- know of. I think the actual number is tails of which are set forth in the enclosed UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL in the eighties of pregnant women letter from the Director of the Office of Man- DEVELOPMENT—$335 MILLION whom we know of who are infected in agement and Budget. Supports affected countries’ ability to con- Sincerely, the United States. trol mosquitoes and the transmission of the BARACK OBAMA. As the leader has already described, virus, support maternal health, expand pub- this has horrendous consequences, not lic education on prevention and response, Mr. REID. The record should reflect only to the families but there is also and to create new incentives for the develop- that the people of Puerto Rico are the cost to society because of the de- ment of vaccines and diagnostics. American citizens. formed babies that result—and not nec- The bill also replenishes Ebola money that Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- essarily at birth. These defects may was reprogrammed for Zika—$510 million on sent that the Senate proceed to the April 6, 2016, the Administration announced consideration of Calendar No. 157, H.R. come years later, but that is a huge that it had to act to address the growing cost to society, not even to speak of Zika emergency, so it identified $589 mil- 3038; that all after the enacting clause the human tragedy. lion—including $510 million of existing Ebola be stricken; that the Nelson substitute So is it any wonder that I join with resources within HHS, State and USAID—to amendment to enhance the Federal re- the minority leader in begging for this be redirected to immediate activities to sponse and preparedness with respect emergency appropriations of $1.9 bil- fight Zika. The $1.9 billion will replenish the to the Zika virus, which is at the desk, lion. redirected Ebola funds: $215 for HHS Ebola be agreed to; that there be up to 2 Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- balances and $295 for State/USAID Ebola bal- hours of debate, equally divided be- sent that a summary of the amend- ances. tween the two leaders or their des- ignees; that upon the use or yielding ment and a letter from the President THE WHITE HOUSE, detailing his request be printed in the Washington, February 22, 2016. back of time, the bill, as amended, be RECORD. Hon. PAUL D. RYAN, read a third time and the Senate vote There being no objection, the mate- Speaker of the House of Representatives, on passage of the bill, as amended, with rial was ordered to be printed in the Washington, DC. no intervening action or debate. RECORD, as follows: DEAR MR. SPEAKER: Today, I ask the Con- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there gress to consider the enclosed FY 2016 emer- EMERGENCY SUPPLEMENTAL APPROPRIATIONS objection? gency supplemental appropriations request The assistant majority leader. REQUEST TO FIGHT ZIKA—$1.9 BILLION (S. 2843) of approximately $1.9 billion to respond to DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES the Zika virus both domestically and inter- Mr. CORNYN. Reserving the right to (HHS)—$1.509 BILLION nationally. This funding would build upon object, there is bipartisan support for Centers for Disease Control and Preven- ongoing preparedness efforts and provide re- doing what we need to do to address tion—$743 million to support Zika prevention sources for the Departments of Health and the Zika virus, which, as the Senator and response strategies, including: domestic Human Services and State, and the U.S. from Florida correctly pointed out, has response efforts to prevent, detect and re- Agency for International Development dramatically affected the territory of spond to Zika; providing grants and tech- (USAID). Funding would support immediate Puerto Rico. Fortunately, according to nical assistance to Puerto Rico and U.S. Ter- response activities to prevent the spread of, the latest statistics from the Centers prepare for, and respond to Zika virus trans- ritories; and international CDC response ac- for Disease Control, there is no single tivities, including expanding field epidemi- mission; fortify domestic public health sys- ology resources and infectious disease sur- tems to prevent, detect, and respond to Zika case in the continental United States veillance. virus transmission; speed research, develop- of a mosquito-borne infection in some- Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Serv- ment, and procurement of vaccines, thera- one in the continental United States. ices—$246 million to support increasing the peutics, and diagnostics; provide emergency But that is not to say this is not a seri- Medicaid Federal Medical Assistance Per- assistance to States and the U.S. Territories ous matter. In fact, it is. That is why centage (FMAP) from 55 to 65 percent for one to combat the virus; provide additional Fed- Republicans were glad to see the ad- year in Puerto Rico and other U.S. Terri- eral Medicaid funding in Puerto Rico and the ministration use the unexpended funds tories. other U.S. Territories for health services for National Institutes of Health—$277 million pregnant women at risk of infection or diag- for the Ebola crisis—some $500 mil- to support efforts to develop a vaccine for nosed with Zika virus, and for children with lion—as a downpayment on what is Zika, as well as to support basic research on microcephaly, and for other health care going to be necessary to deal with this. Zika virus. costs; and enhance the ability of Zika-af- But the fact is, our friends across the Food and Drug Administration—$10 mil- fected countries to better combat mosqui- aisle have requested a $1.9 billion blank lion to support vaccine and diagnostic devel- toes, control transmission, and support af- check, and they haven’t told us what opment review. fected populations. the plan is for the use of the funds. In Biomedical Advanced Research and Devel- The Centers for Disease Control and Pre- the bill filed by Senator NELSON, he opment Authority (BARDA)—$188 million to vention reports 50 laboratory-confirmed support vaccines and diagnostics develop- cases of the Zika virus among U.S. travelers said those funds will be spent until ment and procurement. from December 2015–February 5, 2016. In ad- they are gone. And, of course, it is Health Resources and Services Administra- dition, the Pan American Health Organiza- emergency spending, which is deficit tion—$20 million to support health centers, tion reports 26 countries and territories in spending and adds to the debt. But the

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.004 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2507 legislation completely lacks any sort Texas, before he objected, he wanted to ical climates, the warmer climates, in- of accountability that would only come ask this Senator a question as to what cluding my State of Texas. So I take through a regular appropriations proc- is the plan. this personally and seriously. But it ess where we consider this in a delib- Mr. CORNYN. Mr. President, has the also affects Florida, no doubt about it, erate sort of way. So I have a number Democratic leader yielded the floor, or Louisiana, and we don’t know how it of questions for the Senator that I is it for a question? might spread or how this virus might would ask. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The morph over time. I would note that I have traveled to Democratic leader has yielded the floor Another question I have is, How long the Galveston National Laboratory, for a question. does the administration expect to use which has done some world-class re- Mr. NELSON. All right, I will put it the funding? For example, we have an search in this area and also on the in the form of a question. annual appropriations process, which Ebola virus and other infectious dis- Does the Democratic leader believe has been filibustered by our Demo- eases. Last Friday I was in Houston at that this Senator has spoken many cratic colleagues, starting with the En- the Texas Medical Center talking to times on the floor laying out the spe- ergy and Water bill, and now they want the experts and trying to learn more cifics of the request of $1.9 billion, us to fund an emergency appropriation about this so I can do my job as a Sen- which includes the replenishment of for an unlimited period of time without ator in a responsible sort of way. $589 million to the Ebola fund which any plan to spend the money. That is We all agree that this is a serious had been advanced to fight this emer- irresponsible. matter and it should be negotiated on gency? Does the Senator believe that? The request from the Senator from Florida in his bill says the money will a bipartisan basis, but we should at And does the Senator further believe be spent ‘‘until expended,’’ until it runs least have a plan from the administra- that I have in my hand that breakdown out, and they have provided no further tion for how the money is going to be that I have had printed in the RECORD? details on what will be funded this year spent. There is no plan. It is a blank Mr. REID. Mr. President, to my friend from Florida, yes. And where did and in future years. check. And until we get a plan and can The reason I mention the appropria- he get that information in preparing sit down and avoid the histrionics and tions process is that we all know we this legislation? He got it from the ad- the gamesmanship and the partisan- are in the appropriations season now, ministration. Everybody knows what is ship on something that should be non- and it would be appropriate for the in this legislation. What my friend the partisan, we object to the request. Committee on Appropriations to proc- assistant Republican leader said is non- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objec- ess this request and to come up with a sense. tion is heard. recommendation for the full Senate, Mr. REID. Mr. President, my friend If there is some bipartisan support— but that has not yet happened. I am and I am confident they would come up the assistant Republican leader has a told the discussions are ongoing, which with something—we would do our best lot of nerve. There have been a lot of is a good thing, and that is where this to try to support it, but this is the leg- States affected with emergencies in the ought to be resolved, not through islation we need. This is a desperate last decade, and Texas has had its grandstanding on the Senate floor in share. We have been willing to help situation, and it is going to become an effort to try to make this a partisan them on floods and fires and all the more desperate as each day goes by be- issue. This is not a partisan or political other problems they have had, some of cause the summer season is fast ap- issue. It should not be. There is bipar- them manmade, some of them not so. proaching. tisan concern and willingness to ad- Those were emergencies; this is an The PRESIDING OFFICER. The as- dress this issue. But can they spend $1.9 emergency. sistant majority leader. billion before the end of the fiscal year, Mr. CORNYN. Mr. President, let me For the Republicans to come to this when the appropriations process will just suggest that, contrary to what the body this morning and say there is no start up again? In other words, it plan—there is a plan. Of course there is Democratic leader has said, the ques- doesn’t take a lot of thought to realize a plan. There is $1.9 billion. Pay back tions I have asked about where their this is a request for a blank check the money for Ebola so we can con- plan is are not nonsense, and let me without regard for the accountability tinue that. That is $500 million right demonstrate the specific questions that comes from what we call the reg- there. We also want to do something to which I have and which I think other ular order here in the appropriations help Puerto Rico, which needs to be responsible Senators are going to want process in the Senate. done. That is approximately $200 mil- answers to before we write a blank We know the administration trans- lion. We have some help—a minimum check for $1.9 billion to the administra- ferred funding from unobligated Ebola amount—for countries outside the tion, particularly when they already funds 2 weeks ago. What is the admin- United States where these mosquitoes have access, as the Senator from Flor- istration using that $589 million for are breeding. We want to try to do ida said, to the $589 million, which are that is related to Zika? I think we something about that. And, of course, unexpended Ebola funds. should know the answer to that. And most of the money here is for research One of the questions I would like to that also demonstrates what happens to come up with vaccines and other get answers to—and I think we can when Congress appropriates money on programs to alleviate the disaster fac- then have a meaningful discussion and an emergency basis without knowing ing this country. The President has act responsibly—is, What specific ac- what the plan is, because obviously the outlined that, and the Senator from tivities are going to be funded by the Ebola crisis has abated to some extent. Florida has outlined that. $1.9 billion plan? For example, the bill I am not saying it has gone away com- To have the assistant majority leader from the Senator from Florida provides pletely, particularly in countries like say that we need to sit down and nego- $743 million to the Centers for Disease Africa, but there is a pot of money— tiate—we are not in the majority. They Control. Is that for domestic activi- $589 million—which suggests maybe we have an obligation to bring something ties? Is it focused on Puerto Rico? Is it inadvertently appropriated more to the floor. If there is bipartisan sup- for CDC international activities? And if money on an emergency basis for the port to do something, why aren’t the so, where? Ebola crisis than ultimately was nec- Republicans doing something? Wait The second question I have is, What essary. I am not faulting anybody for and wait while we are home glad-hand- are the agency’s priorities? Continuing that; I am just saying that is the way ing people during the next week? We with the CDC issue, will they focus on this works when you ask for the money should be doing something here to ad- vector control activities, outreach, and first without a plan and there is no ac- dress this emergency. It is an emer- education? As we know, this is a mos- countability for how the money is gency. quito-borne disease. It is not the only spent. You have these pots of money Mr. NELSON. Will the Senator yield, mosquito-borne disease, but unfortu- out there that are—fortunately in this Mr. President? nately this mosquito has not only been case—available now to deal with the Mr. REID. Yes, I will. present in Central and South America Zika issue. Mr. NELSON. In answering directly but is now, as the Democratic leader In the Health and Human Services re- the question of the Senator from says, present in some of the more trop- quest contained in the bill from the

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.006 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2508 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 Senator from Florida, there are other The Senator from Washington. I am here to urge our colleagues on issues. One, they ask for a government- f the other side of the aisle to recognize wide contingency fund that Health and this is an emergency. It cannot wait. ZIKA VIRUS Human Services controls and can Families are waiting for us to act. We transfer funds elsewhere. So what they Mrs. MURRAY. Mr. President, there need to get the research. We need to want to do is play a shell game with are already nearly 900 cases of the Zika have an understanding of what this dis- this money. They want to get the virus in the United States and its 3 ter- ease is. We certainly need to put into money, and if they do not need it to ritories, including actually 2 confirmed place prevention, and we certainly need deal with Zika, they can transfer it for cases in my home State of Washington. to work on the important path forward other purposes—again, without any A recent survey showed that 40 percent in making sure we have the right kinds transparency or any real political ac- of adults in our country see this virus of education out there as well as a so- countability. as a reason to delay starting families. lution to this problem that is rapidly I think responsible Members of the Those are disturbing statistics. They becoming an American problem. Senate—and I would expect all 100 of us make it clear that the Zika virus is a Mr. President, I yield the floor. would put ourselves in that category— public health emergency, and there is The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- would want to know where the trans- no good reason for the delay we are ator from Hawaii. parency is, where the accountability is, seeing from our Republican colleagues Mr. SCHATZ. Mr. President, if this where the plan is, so we can sit down in addressing this. isn’t an emergency, then I don’t know and do this as mature adults in a non- Months ago, the administration put what is. Zika is a public health emer- forward the strong proposal that Sen- partisan way in order to solve the prob- gency. It defines a public health emer- ator REID introduced today. Repub- lem. gency, and we really have to act now to Here is another thing that sort of licans refused at the time to even con- fund the administration’s full $1.9 bil- sider it, and I am disappointed again jumps out at me: When I look at the lion supplemental funding request. this morning that they weighed in on President’s request for $1.9 billion, I want to respond to the assistant the side of further delay rather than they actually talk about funding mat- majority leader’s concerns that there acting on this. As a result, we are get- ters unrelated to Zika. They talk about is no plan. With due respect—and I ting closer to the summer and to mos- funding things at the Environmental know he is working hard on this as quito season, but we still here in this Protection Agency. And looking at the well—that is just not accurate. The body have not moved on emergency request to transfer funds government- legislation propounded by Senators supplemental funding that would put wide, basically they are requesting NELSON and others has a very specific much needed resources into preventing money, it appears—unless there is plan. I was fortunate enough to visit and treating this frightening virus. some logical explanation as to why we the headquarters for the Centers for Too many of my colleagues on the Disease Control and Prevention in At- should, which they have not yet other side of the aisle still don’t seem made—on an emergency basis, to grant lanta. They have a very specific plan. to see Zika as an emergency. Some Re- It is vector controlled. It is developing funds to the Environmental Protection publicans are insisting we shouldn’t Agency. That is a little hard to under- the diagnostic tests necessary to figure give the administration a penny in ad- out whether or not people are carriers stand. ditional funding to support the re- of the Zika virus. It is working on a Finally, there is this: All of us are sponse we need to make. Others are vaccine. They have a high degree of willing to deal with this in a respon- saying that action on Zika can wait— confidence that they are eventually sible, nonpartisan way. That is the rea- wait for weeks or months. Republicans going to get a vaccine. But this takes son I have spent time at the Galveston in Congress might be able to simply time, and this takes resources. It is National Laboratory and the Texas wait, but families across this country public health outreach regarding mos- Medical Center trying to learn as much cannot. as I can about this, so I can do my job, Addressing this Zika virus shouldn’t quitos and how this is transmitted, and just as I am sure every individual Sen- be controversial. With women’s and it is assurance regarding the safety of ator wants to do their job in a respon- children’s health and well-being on the our blood supply. So they have a plan. sible way. But to come in and ask for line, it certainly should not be a place Let me be a little more specific: $743 $1.9 billion in emergency funding, for partisanship. million for CDC—this money would in- which means it is not paid for—it is Democrats are at the table. We want clude grants and technical assistance borrowed money, which adds to the def- to get this done as soon as possible. In to Puerto Rico and the U.S. territories icit and the debt—is a pretty serious fact, as recently as a few days ago I and help our domestic and inter- matter, especially when our national was hopeful Republicans were truly in- national response activities; about $250 debt is $19 trillion and has almost dou- terested in working with us to get this million for the Centers for Medicare bled under the Obama administration. done and to be able to find an actual and Medicaid, or CMS, to increase the This is a very serious matter, and I path forward. We had some good con- Federal match rate to Puerto Rico treat it seriously, and I trust all 100 versations last week. But I am worried where there have been 500 active trans- Senators believe this is something we that in the last few days it has become mission cases—and, unfortunately, ought to deal with responsibly and in a clear once again that the extreme that number continues to go up; sev- deliberate sort of way, and we will. But right, like the Heritage Foundation, is eral hundred million dollars for the Na- it is not by coming to the floor and in control, and Republican leaders have tional Institutes of Health and BARDA grandstanding by asking for $1.9 billion been unable to demonstrate to this to invest in vaccine research and devel- blank checks without any plan to point a path on how we can get a bipar- opment. That is the end game, but in spend it in an appropriate sort of way. tisan deal signed into law. This issue is the meantime, we have to prevent the Mr. President, I yield the floor. far too important to have Republican transmission as our country warms up and as the mosquitos become more f infighting hold it up. So I urge my Re- publican colleagues to join us. We are prevalent across the country with $10 RESERVATION OF LEADER TIME ready to be at the table to work with million to the FDA for a vaccine and The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under them. We need to address this as an diagnostics development review and the previous order, the leadership time emergency. $335 million to USAID’s efforts abroad is reserved. Then I hope we can move on to work to support affected countries’ public f on the other really critical issues be- health efforts on mosquito-borne dis- fore us: the opioid epidemic that so eases. MORNING BUSINESS many have been here to talk about; the I will make a couple of specific proce- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under families in Flint who are suffering; en- dural points. As a member of the Ap- the previous order, the Senate will be suring our Supreme Court nominee propriations Committee, I believe it is in a period of morning business for 1 gets a fair consideration—a hearing, really important that we are trying to hour, with Senators permitted to speak even. There is so much work to be move in the regular order on each indi- therein for up to 10 minutes each. done. vidual Appropriations subcommittee.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.007 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2509 We have been working on a bipartisan not quite as urgent as the Zika virus— pass a bill and the President of the basis. So we are trying to move in the that is the point we are making today. United States to sign that bill. I be- regular order, and that is good news. Not that there isn’t going to be some lieve that will happen. Many people, We are moving a little more quickly legislative wrangling and not that we including me, are working to see that than I think has been done in many are supposing that the President’s re- happens. The majority leader knows years. That is good news. But the prac- quest is exactly perfect, it is just that that, and others who have spoken tical fact of that also means that we this is a real emergency, and we ought today reflect the fact that they know are not in the middle of working on to get this thing onto the floor so we those discussions are going on. legislation that must be passed by can take some action. That is what we today or must be passed by next week have to do. f because whatever we do—whether it is I know the Senator from Missouri is FALLEN HEROES FLAG ACT the Energy and Water title, whether it working very hard on this. I know oth- is THUD coming next, maybe MILCON- ers are too. We don’t want this to be a Mr. BLUNT. Mr. President, what I VA after, whatever it may be—we are partisan issue either. But to object to a came to talk about today is a bill we going to be waiting for the House to request to get on this bill fails to ac- did pass a couple of weeks ago. As we act, and we are going to be confer- knowledge what a serious public health get ready for police week early in encing. It is not at all clear when we emergency the Zika virus is. May—I think the week of the 9th of will actually move appropriations Mr. President, I yield the floor. May—there are people we want to rec- measures to the President’s desk, but The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- ognize and do recognize and do appre- it is fair to say those things are not ex- ator from Missouri. ciate. I am cochair, along with Senator actly legislatively on fire. We could Mr. BLUNT. Mr. President, I came to COONS of Delaware, of the Law Enforce- wait 2 or 3 legislative days. We could the floor today to talk about another ment Caucus. I want to speak today wait 2 or 3 legislative weeks. We are issue, and I will talk about the issue I about something we have just done to ahead of the game. That is not to say had scheduled to talk about earlier this honor our first responders. we don’t have our own challenges with week. But in regard to the issue of I want to start by recognizing the each of these individual appropriations Zika, it does need to be dealt with. It first responders from my State of Mis- measures, but this defines an emer- is being dealt with. souri who lost their lives in the line of The good news is that there was sub- gency. This defines an emergency. This duty last year. In Missouri, four law stantial money various departments is an actual public health emergency, enforcement officers died in the line of had that could be reprogrammed, and which means the idea of a pay-for for duty. Deputy Sheriff Steven Brett the fact that they have reprogrammed Hawkins of the Harrison County Sher- this is antithetical to the way we it indicates to me that there is a gen- ought to work. This is what govern- iff’s Office, Trooper James Matthew uine belief in the administration, Bava of the Missouri State Highway ment does. which I share, that this is an emer- Whatever your political persuasion, Patrol, Sergeant Peggy Marie Vassallo gency. Over half a billion dollars has whatever your ideology is about the of the Bellefontaine Neighbors Police already been reprogrammed to deal size and scope of the Federal Govern- Department, and Officer Ronald Eu- with that emergency. I believe some of ment, I think we can all agree that the gene Strittmatter of the Lakeshire Po- that reprogramming money needs to be most basic responsibility of the Fed- lice Department lost their lives. restored, and some of it probably Deputy Sheriff Brett Hawkins of eral Government is to keep us all safe. doesn’t. The Ebola crisis is not what This is a real risk. This is not an imag- Bethany, MO, suffered a fatal heart at- we thought it might be in Africa, but it tack on September 13 following an inary risk, this is not a trumped-up is still in existence there. I think some risk, and this is not a partisan thing. If emergency response. He was 34 years of that money needs to go back into old. Deputy Sheriff Hawkins suffered you talk to the CDC, if you talk to the accounts it had been reprogrammed your local departments of health, vec- that attack after returning home from out of. his shift, which included the search of tor controls, mosquito control areas— But if anybody listening to this de- a residence and surrounding property. talk to them. They are very nervous, bate believes that nothing is hap- He had served with the Harrison Coun- and it is increasing. The only reason pening, that is not accurate. I do ap- this hasn’t totally popped both preciate my friend from Florida recog- ty Sheriff’s Office for 3 years. He is sur- epidemiologically and politically is nizing that a lot of discussions are vived by his wife, daughter, and three that it is still cold in a lot of places going on. I was in several this week, sons. and mosquitos aren’t out. This is a real and some yesterday with House Mem- Trooper James Bava of Mexico, MO, emergency. There is no reason we bers and Senate Members. was involved in a fatal vehicle crash shouldn’t be taking this up as the The House could pass a bill first. while pursuing a motorcyclist for a emergency starts to happen. There is That may or may not happen, but what traffic stop on August 28. Trooper Bava no reason we can’t take a couple legis- really needs to happen is a bill that had served with the Missouri State lative days to deal with that. gets on the President’s desk. I think Highway Patrol for 2 years. He was 25 To address the senior Senator from there is almost no chance the Senate years old the day he lost his life serv- Texas, the assistant majority leader’s would pass a $1.9 billion bill as pro- ing us. He is survived by his parents, a questions about whether the plan ad- posed. The best place to debate that brother, three sisters, and his fiancee. dresses his concerns about account- could be the Senate floor for several Sergeant Peggy Vassallo of Belle- ability, about the ability to move days or it could be to work on a bill fontaine Neighbors Police Department money from one account to the other, that could come to the floor quickly, was struck and killed by a vehicle on about backfilling the Ebola funding— go to the House, and be passed by the August 24 while rendering aid to an- fine. Those are all legitimate ques- House. If there were a slim chance that other driver after being involved in an tions, and I think they can all be ad- the Senate could pass the bill we have accident en route to work. Sergeant dressed. been talking about—the bill as pro- Vassallo had served with the Belle- But here is my question: Why not get posed that would spend $1.9 billion, in fontaine Neighbors Police Department on the bill? Why object to a UC request big hundred-million dollar chunks, for 15 years and had previously served that we get on the bill? All of those which we talk about as if that is no with the St. Louis County Police De- questions can be addressed on the floor money at all and is somehow a plan— partment for over 13 years, almost 30 or in committee or in conversation. that in all likelihood wouldn’t pass the years’ service. She is survived by her There are many ways to address those Senate, and I am absolutely sure it husband, son, and two grandchildren. questions. But the refusal to even ac- wouldn’t pass the House. What would Officer Ronald Strittmatter suffered knowledge that this matter is suffi- we have gained? This is something we a heart attack after attempting to help ciently urgent that it should be the need to work out. We can work it out. an older person who had fallen. Officer thing we are dealing with right now, I believe we will work it out. Strittmatter had served in the that THUD could wait a week, and that The goal is not for the Senate to pass Lakeshire Police Department for 4 whatever we are planning to do next is a bill. The goal is for the Congress to years and had previously served in the

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.010 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2510 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 St. Louis Metropolitan Police Depart- I thank my colleagues for unanimously try, but also what we are going to do ment for 24 years. He is survived by his passing a resolution I submitted with with national defense and security. wife and a son. Senator MCCASKILL last week to des- There is an expectation that we will be In Missouri, we also lost five fire- ignate May 1 as Silver Star Service able to do multiple things, but over all fighters and first responders in the line Banner Day. It is a day we honor our of that, there is an expectation that we of duty last year. Nation’s servicemembers who have will balance the Nation’s checkbook Battalion Chief Chris Tindall of been injured or become ill while serv- and find a way to be able to solve these Raymore, MO, died shortly after re- ing, and we also honor their families on issues. I don’t think that is an unrea- sponding to an emergency incident in that day. sonable request. January 2015. He was a 19-year veteran I am grateful to work for this cause When we cross over $19 trillion, at of the South Metro Fire Department. and for the work the Silver Star Fami- what point do we as a body decide that Larry Lawhorn, a volunteer fire- lies of America do. This is a nonprofit this is enough and that we need to fighter with the Orchard Farm Fire organization headquartered in Clever, work together to solve the issues we Protection District, suffered a fatal MO. In 2004, that group began its work face? The Congressional Budget Office medical emergency in May of last year to remember, to honor, and to assist continues to challenge us and to tell us while driving a first responder vehicle members of the Armed Forces from that this is an unsustainable pace, and en route to a structure fire. He had every branch of the military and from the Nation as whole continues to push been a volunteer with the department every war. This organization assists back. I think we should pay attention for 20 years and had previously served veterans who have suffered physical or to it. 15 years with the St. Charles County emotional trauma from war and dis- I thank Gene Dodaro and the good Fire District. tributes Silver Star flags and care folks from the Government Account- In October 2015, two firefighters were packages to wounded veterans and ability Office for putting out their lat- killed in Kansas City in the line of their families. est report on what they define as op- duty. Larry Leggio, a 17-year veteran Our military men and women put portunities to reduce fragmentation, of the Kansas City Fire Department, their lives on the line to defend our Na- overlap, duplication, and achieve other and John Mesh, a 13-year veteran of tion, and many have done so in ways financial benefits. It is the report that the Kansas City Fire Department, were that result in tremendous personal cost GAO puts out every year that we often able to save two residents from a burn- for them and their families—from loss call a duplication report—here are the ing apartment complex before a wall of life, to injury, to trauma of all problems, here are the unresolved collapsed on them after they had evac- kinds. On Silver Star Service Banner issues. uated other people from the building. Day, I hope all Americans will take a Last year, I asked Gene Dodaro and EMS pilot Ronald Rector of Linn, moment to reflect on the countless sac- GAO specifically to break it up and to MO, was killed during a flight oper- rifices and appreciate the blessings of make it very clear—not just to say ation in March 2015. He was inbound to freedom their service has provided. where it is in government but whose pick up additional crew members at St. We salute our former and current responsibility it is, who can actually Louis University Hospital in a medical servicemembers and encourage all fix this. They broke it up this year into helicopter when his helicopter crashed. Americans to do the same with the two different sections basically saying: Early this month, I introduced the presence of a Silver Star service ban- This is the administration and the Fallen Heroes Flag Act, which creates ner in the window or a Silver Star flag agencies. They already have the au- a program to provide a flag flown over flying in the front yard. Those who thority to fix this, and these are the the Capitol to the family of fire- serve deserve and should receive the issues they face. fighters, law enforcement officers, gratitude of the Nation, whether they He also identified 63 areas that spe- members of rescue squads or ambu- serve in the military or as first re- cifically only Congress can fix. It is a lance crews, and public safety officers sponders, and in the last few days the to-do list for us of things that we need who lose their lives in the line of duty. Congress was able to step forward and to either vote on and discuss or we I thank my colleagues for unanimously recognize those who serve in unique need to disagree with GAO and be able passing that bill last week. The House ways. to push back on, but we shouldn’t just had already passed a similar measure I yield the floor. ignore it and say we are going to do introduced by Congressman PETER I suggest the absence of a quorum. nothing on it. KING, and I hope to get a final bill on The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. We have dealt with this every single the President’s desk in very short RUBIO). The clerk will call the roll. year for the last several years. We all order. The senior assistant legislative clerk face the duplication. We all hear the Our Nation’s first responders put proceeded to call the roll. stories about it. My challenge is, How themselves in harm’s way to keep us Mr. LANKFORD. Mr. President, I ask do we actually bring this to the floor, safe, and we mourn the loss of all those unanimous consent that the order for vote on it, solve it, and move forward who have given their lives in the line of the quorum call be rescinded. from here? It will leave some things ac- duty. We can never in any way fully The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without tually addressed. repay the debt we owe them and their objection, it is so ordered. Part of the issue we face every year families. These are people who go to f with duplication is that duplication is work every day, with the greatest goal buried into the governmental system, THE NATIONAL DEBT for their families being that they come and it takes a GAO report to pull it home safely that day, and they have Mr. LANKFORD. Mr. President, the out. more reason to worry about that than talk of the debt in our Nation has been I have proposed a bill for several most of us have. All we can offer in- diminishing. Unfortunately, debt itself years now. I did it in the House and stead is our gratitude. My hope is that has not also diminished. While the def- brought it over to the Senate. It is each flag that is flown over the Capitol icit has been reduced significantly over called the Taxpayers Right-To-Know and provided to these families will be a the last several years, the debt con- Act. The Taxpayers Right-To-Know lasting symbol of our appreciation and tinues to grow. It is now crossing well Act already passed the House this year, a fitting honor to those who embody over $19 trillion. It is my concern that and it has not yet cleared the Senate. the very best of what we stand for as a we as a body continue to get distracted The Taxpayers Right-To-Know Act is a nation. with other things and lose track of the very clear transparency piece. It says: f looming debt issues we will still con- Shouldn’t we have a list of every pro- tinue to face and we will be held to ac- gram in the Federal Government, how SILVER STAR SERVICE BANNER count for, and rightfully so. much we spend on that program, how DAY The American people expect us to many staff are committed to it, what Mr. BLUNT. Mr. President, as I con- come here and solve a lot of issues— that program does, and, specifically, clude, one other thing I want to men- solve not only crisis issues such as how it is evaluated? It is a very tion is Silver Star Service Banner Day. Zika and other issues around the coun- straightforward, transparent piece.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.011 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2511 Everyone in this body continues to keep funding duplicative programs title speaks for itself. The CDC, as we talk about duplication and says we that don’t work, and we should be able call it, is America’s first line of defense should do something about it. GAO to accomplish this together. in a public health crisis. When we then highlights it for us, but the chal- Last year, I put out a report called think that Americans—individuals and lenge is that you can’t easily identify ‘‘Federal Fumbles: 100 Ways the Gov- families—are in danger or vulnerable, it until you do a very deep search on it. ernment Dropped the Ball.’’ Two-thirds we call the Centers for Disease Control I think we should be able to have a of that book identified duplication and and Prevention and ask them to ana- level of transparency so we can see waste in the government. We have lyze the challenge and then give us the where the duplication is by comparing made progress on some of those already right public health response to that one program to another. That way we this year. We have so much more to do. challenge. can all address it and talk about it. The key to it is that we actually need A few months ago, I went to their Yesterday, at the Indian Affairs Com- to get busy working on it instead of campus in Atlanta, GA. It is very im- mittee hearing, we were doing a mark- just talking about it. pressive, not just for the buildings but up. The conversation in that markup Yesterday, Gene Dodaro, who is with also for the people who are there. We was about several programs that GAO, also mentioned a bill that BEN have some of the best health research- seemed to be very good ideas to serve SASSE is working on called the new ers in the world working for our Fed- Indian Country. The problem is that hire database bill. I think it is a very eral Government at CDC—most of many of them already exist in another good bill, and I am glad to be sup- them at financial sacrifice. They want agency, and they are not doing their portive of what he is trying to accom- to be part of solving problems and pro- job very well. The challenge is this: plish there. Senator SASSE wants to do tecting America. Just as the folks in Can we get rid of it in another agency one thing, and that is to be able to say the Pentagon across the river believe and not just start it in a second, third, that when we actually do means-tested in the protection of America, so do the or fourth agency? programs, we should be able to see the people at the Centers for Disease Con- We can’t continue to say: It is not employment records. That should be a trol and Prevention. The CDC is our working over there. So let’s just do it very open process for those who are in first line of defense against public somewhere else. Every time I bring up the means-tested program, but right health attacks. the issue, they say: We don’t know now GAO and other groups do not have This morning I called Dr. Frieden to what agency it exists in. The Tax- access to the new hires database. So talk about the Zika virus. I have come payer’s Right-to-Know Act provides a there is no way to see those in the to know him and have worked with very simple list that should be search- means-tested program. him over the years. Most people have able and public and that everyone There are people who self-report learned about it by now. We are learn- would be able to see. It is currently their income, and there is no way to be ing more about it every single day. We being held up right now and going back able to verify that. Shouldn’t we be have kind of traced its origin to South and forth in this ongoing conversation able to verify that? America, and now it is moving north. about something as simple as: How It is a straightforward solution in a It is moving north into Puerto Rico in many programs should we see? day and time when they continue to a big way, and Florida is likely to be OMB has pushed this issue back on us bring up obvious things year after the next State to witness the Zika and said: We will have program trans- year, such as having the same person virus being transmitted by mosquitoes. parency but only for the biggest pro- being eligible for disability and unem- Then, frankly, the whole United States grams. ployment insurance at the same time. is vulnerable. Not only can this virus We basically said: If you spend $1 That person will actually receive un- be transmitted to an individual if they million on this program, you should employment and disability benefits si- are bit by a mosquito, but it can also have transparency. multaneously. Disability benefits, by be transmitted by the sexual contact of They said: No, let’s do a much higher definition, means you cannot work a person already infected by the virus. number. Let’s do $10 million or more. anywhere in the economy, and that is If you have the virus and a mosquito Yesterday, we asked Gene Dodaro: If why you get disability benefits. Unem- bites you and then bites your wife, you we dropped this number from $10 mil- ployment benefits, by definition, may have just transmitted the virus to lion to $1 million, how many programs means you can work in the economy, her through that mosquito. We are will suddenly go away? but you are not currently employed. learning. He said: It is in the thousands. That Why should you be eligible for both? The reason why this is more than just puts us in the same spot. We can’t GAO has brought that up to us. That is just a mosquito bite and an irritation eliminate duplication we can’t see. The not a partisan issue. That should be a is that this virus can cause serious famous philosopher Muhammad Ali solvable issue, and it is costing tax- public health problems. We know that said: ‘‘Float like a butterfly, sting like payers billions of dollars. It is one of pregnant women with this virus run a bee, the hands can’t hit what the eyes the things that we have to be able to the risk of giving birth to babies with can’t see.’’ work on together so we can actually difficulties and serious problems, and We, as a body, spend a lot of our time solve this problem. This is not too hard so we are monitoring it very closely. saying: I would love to get rid of dupli- for us, and the American people expect How many employees at CDC are cation, but we can’t see it. Let’s actu- us to get it done. working on the Zika virus threat to ally expose it. Let’s get it out there so My only challenge is this: Let’s actu- America? There are 1,000. When you everyone can see it and we can clear ally get it done. think of all of the things that we need this issue. Let’s just solve this very With that, I yield back. to worry about, they believe—and, I simple issue. Let’s make it trans- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The as- think, rightly so—that this is the im- parent, and then let’s work together. sistant Democratic leader. minent public health threat to our Senator TESTER and I had a great f country. There are a lot of unanswered conversation after the Indian Affairs questions about the Zika virus, such as Committee hearing yesterday. We ZIKA VIRUS these: How long does it stay in an indi- agreed that we would look for areas of Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I wish to vidual? How long can an individual who duplication in Indian Country. We are address two different issues this morn- is infected with the virus transmit it to not looking for more programs. We are ing, but I think both are timely and another person? For those who are car- looking for programs that actually important. rying the virus, what impact does it work and accomplish what they should The first issue I will address has to have on their health? What impact accomplish, and for things that don’t do with a telephone conversation I had does it have on a pregnant woman car- work, we can eliminate them. We can a few minutes ago with Dr. Thomas rying this virus? take that money from one area and put Frieden. Dr. Frieden heads up the Cen- It turns out there are literally hun- it in another area where it actually ters for Disease Control and Prevention dreds now in the United States who does work. At the end of the day, we in Atlanta, GA. Most Americans don’t have been infected with the Zika virus. have to get back to balance. We can’t know much about the agency, but the We expect some lull in the number of

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.013 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2512 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 cases, and then they are going to pick I have called on the leadership in the here on a visitor’s visa. I never filed up in intensity and number this sum- Senate this week, and I will continue any more papers. So I don’t know. The mer. We also know—and the announce- to do so today and when we return. daughter said: What are we going to ment will be made soon—that there are There is no excuse. God forbid this gets do? The mom said: We are going to call pregnant women in the United States worse and we look back and say: We Durbin’s office. who have been infected by the Zika waited too long; we didn’t respond. So they called our office and we said: virus. Let me add one other thing. The only Let us check the law. The obvious question is this: Are we suggestion we have heard from the Re- The law was very clear. This 18-year- doing everything we should be doing to publican side is this: Let’s take some of old girl, brought here at the age of 2, protect America? the money we set aside to fight Ebola under American law had to leave the Sadly, the answer is no, we are not. in Africa and use it for this purpose. United States for 10 years and apply to Two months ago, President Obama I talked to Dr. Friedman about that. come back in. Does that sound right? said to the Congress: I need a supple- He said: It is true; there has been a real When she was 2 years old, she had no mental emergency appropriation to drop in the number of Ebola cases. voice in the decision to come to Amer- deal with this threat. He asked for $1.9 Ebola is a deadly disease in West Af- ica, no voice in the decision of filing billion. They want to monitor the Zika rica and other places, and we worried papers. Yet our law basically told her virus and how it is traveling across the about it coming to the United States. to leave. United States. They want to monitor He said that we are still learning about That is when I introduced the those who have already been infected. how this disease travels. DREAM Act. It says that if you are They want to develop a vaccine that we There was a man who was cured after brought here under the age of 16, com- can take that will protect us in the fu- being diagnosed with Ebola in Africa, plete high school, no serious criminal ture. and they just learned that a year after issues in your background, we will give From where I am standing, I can’t he was cured, he transmitted the dis- you a chance. We will give you a path think of a single public health chal- ease by sexual contact to another per- to become legal and ultimately become lenge in America as great as this Zika son. Even when we think we have cured a citizen. That is what the DREAM Act virus at this moment. One would think and solved it, there is still a danger. is. that the Congress, now that they know Let’s make sure that we treat all of We haven’t passed that bill. We have the facts, would have moved instantly these public health hazards for what passed it maybe once in the Senate, to provide the money to the Presi- they are—dangerous to the United once in the House but never brought it dent—this emergency supplemental ap- States and dangerous to our families. together to be sent to the President. propriation of $1.9 billion. But the an- God forbid that something terrible hap- This President, Barack Obama, was my swer is they have done nothing. The pen. I hope it doesn’t. Let’s do our job fellow Senator from Illinois for 2 years leaders in the House and in the Senate here on Capitol Hill. When the Presi- and he cosponsored the DREAM Act. have done nothing to provide emer- dent says we need resources to fight So a few years ago, I joined in a let- gency funds to this administration to this, we do. I hope we move on it very ter to the President, with Senator Dick deal with this public health emergency. Lugar, a Republican from Indiana, and It is so bad that this week a Repub- quickly when we return. said to him: Help us protect these lican leader in the House announced f young people from being deported until publicly that he didn’t see any emer- IMMIGRATION we can finally pass comprehensive im- gency. He thinks we may get around to Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, immi- migration reform or the DREAM Act. an appropriation for this in October. gration is an issue which divides Amer- The President listened and did it. He Well, I don’t know what his lifestyle is ica. You only have to tune into the created what is known as DACA. What like, but in the Midwest we have a Presidential debate to hear it. Most ev- DACA says is, if you are such a young tendency to get out on the patio and eryone would agree that the immigra- person, you may step forward, register have barbecues and invite our friends tion system in America is broken. I be- with the government, submit yourself and neighbors over. We worry about lieve it is. I was part of an effort with mosquitoes. It doesn’t start in October. to a criminal background check, pay a some colleagues to try to come up with It starts now. I don’t know if this Re- several-hundred-dollar filing fee, and a comprehensive immigration reform publican Congressman plans on sending then we will give you temporary pro- bill, which passed the Senate 3 years a memo to the mosquitoes across tection from deportation. Then, 2 years ago by a vote of 68 to 32. We worked America saying: no buzzing and biting later, 3 years later, you have to re- long and hard on that bill. We brought until October when we get around to apply—go through the same process— this. It won’t work. this bipartisan bill to the Senate, and pay a fee and do it again. This has been declared an emergency it passed with an overwhelming major- As it turned out, 700,000 young peo- by not only the President but by the ity. The House refused to consider the ple, who were in the same situation as head of the Centers for Disease Control measure. Speaker Boehner never called the Korean girl I mentioned from Chi- and Prevention. it to the floor. The bill we passed never cago, have applied for this DACA pro- Why aren’t we acting? Why aren’t we ever got a vote on the floor of the tection so they can stay here on a tem- doing something? We should be doing House of Representatives, and so here porary basis and go to school, work, something. we sit today with the same broken im- and be a part of the United States. We are going to leave today. This migration system. There is no guarantee they will ever afternoon we will vote and go home. Let me tell you that one part of that become permanently legal or citizens— We will be back in probably 10 or 11 is very important to me and to many of I hope they will—but at least they are days. Maybe then the Republican lead- my colleagues. Fifteen years ago I in- protected on a temporary basis. ership in the House and Senate will de- troduced a bill called the DREAM Act. Two years later, the President said: cide this is an emergency that needs a The genesis of that bill—as I have said If you are in a family where one of the response. The numbers will start com- on the floor many times and will kids in the house is an American cit- ing in—the number of people across quickly repeat—began after we got a izen or here legally in the United America who are facing this virus—and call in my Chicago office from a Ko- States as a permanent resident, we are the concern among American families rean American woman who had a going to give parents the same oppor- is going to grow. This is not just an ir- daughter who was a musical prodigy. tunity to register with the govern- ritation. This is a danger to many peo- She was an amazing pianist and had ment, to go through a criminal back- ple and certainly to women who could been accepted at two of the best music ground check, to pay their fee to the be pregnant. This is something we schools in America. She was filling out government, then to be given a tem- ought to be taking extremely seri- her application and asked her mom: porary work permit to work in the ously. We have been waiting for 2 What do I put down for my nationality United States. That is known as DAPA. months for this Congress to respond or citizenship. Her mom said: I don’t So we have DACA and DAPA. It is cur- with an emergency appropriation to do know. When we brought you here, rently being challenged in the Supreme something. Tereza, you were 2 years old and came Court.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.014 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2513 I went over for the argument before Because of her immigration status— This parent refused to accept that the Supreme Court last week. The and despite the fact that she had this there was no hope. The House and Sen- State of Texas and 25 other States have amazing college experience and was ate agreed with the MD-CARE Act and, challenged this saying it will create academically successful and had this since that time, the life expectancy of benefits for these individuals under important degree—she couldn’t find a the average Duchenne muscular dys- DACA and DAPA that will cost the job. She wasn’t even able to volunteer trophy patient has increased by a full States money. It turns out, the whole at a local hospital because she lacked a decade. This is progress we have made story is that once these people are Social Security number, being undocu- on behalf of sick people whose lives working in the United States and pay- mented. were threatened, and this is an exam- ing taxes, the State of Texas and all I ask unanimous consent for 2 addi- ple of government at its best. the other States are going to make tional minutes. On Monday of this week, I saw the quite a bit more money off these work- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without same devotion in the hundreds of ers when they actually are required to objection, it is so ordered. Duchenne families who attended a pay taxes, as they should. So this eco- Mr. DURBIN. Thank you. meeting of the advisers of the Food and nomic argument doesn’t go too far. Cynthia’s dream to become a doctor Drug Administration. The meeting’s The point I have tried to make to my was on hold because of her immigra- attendance broke records. I thank the colleagues in the Senate, as long as I tion status. Only nine schools told her FDA for making the appropriate ac- have been here and as long as I have she might be able to apply and be con- commodations to handle a crowd of had this opportunity to talk about the sidered as an undocumented student. this size. Some 11,000 people also tuned DREAM Act, is that they ought to take Two years after graduating, Cynthia in remotely, watching the meeting via a moment, stop listening to the Presi- was working as a nanny and ques- live stream. dential debates, and just pay attention tioning whether all the hard work and Monday’s gathering was about what to the lives which are at stake in this time in school was wasted. could be the first disease-modifying conversation. Cynthia cried as President Obama therapy for Duchenne muscular dys- I have come to the floor quite a few made the announcement about cre- trophy. For more than 3 hours, the ad- times to talk about young people who ating DACA. She realized she was visory committee heard from parents, would be helped if the DREAM Act be- going to be given a chance. She applied doctors, and patients about the drug’s came the law of the land. This morning for DACA immediately. She was ap- impact on their lives. The stories were I am going to introduce Cynthia San- proved in the summer of 2013. By Sep- heartfelt and hopeful, reinforcing the chez to those who are watching. tember, Cynthia was working at North- importance of patient engagement in Cynthia Sanchez is another young western University in Chicago doing the drug approval process. The dedica- person who is living in the United clinical research in the Department of tion of the Duchenne community con- States and is undocumented. She was Medicine’s Division of Cardiology. Her tinues to set an example for advocates brought here at the age of 7 from Mex- research focuses on improving treat- of other rare diseases. ico. She grew up in Denver, CO. She ment options for patients facing heart Patient voices should be part of the was an excellent student. In high failure. drug review process, and I am glad to school, Cynthia was a member of the She sent me a letter, and this is what see the FDA is implementing greater National Honor Society and made the she said: stakeholder involvement in this proc- President’s honor roll every semester DACA has meant a new realm of opportu- ess. This was one of the goals of the with a 4.0 grade point average. I wish I nities for me, it has opened new doors for Food and Drug Administration Safety could say the same about my high me, and it has allowed me to once again see and Innovation Act, which Congress school experience. my dream as a reality. I truly believe that if passed in 2012. It continues to be a goal Cynthia was vice president and co- those opposed to DACA or the DREAM Act of my Patient-Focused Impact Assess- president of the Student Council. She had the chance to sit down and meet undocu- mented students, their opinions might ment Act, introduced last year, which volunteered as a peer mediator and vol- change. They would see capable, smart, hard- would require FDA to share how they unteered at the local library. She went working individuals who are Americans in use feedback from patients and advo- on to attend the University of Denver every sense of the word, love this country cates in the drug approval process. where she received lots of awards and and want to contribute to its prosperity. Unfortunately, the advisory com- scholarships and was an active volun- After all, this is our home. mittee decided this week not to rec- teer. Cynthia and the other DREAMers ommend the approval of the first For the record, undocumented young have a lot to give to America. Like Duchenne drug. This is disappointing people like Cynthia receive no Federal many Americans who have come to news for me and for thousands of assistance to go to college—no Pell this country, they are willing to sac- Duchenne families, even those who grants, no government loans. They rifice. They are willing to go to the might not benefit directly from this have to find a way to pay for it. They back of the line. All they are asking for drug but from other advancements that can’t use any government benefits to is a chance. could stem from it. move forward with their education. I urge my colleagues—particularly Before a final decision is made next She was a member of a student orga- my Republican colleagues—to join us month, I hope the FDA will take into nization called the Pioneer Leadership in doing the right thing for these consideration the perspectives of Program. She helped to develop Denver DREAMers, doing the right thing for Duchenne patients and parents. The in- University Senior Connect, an organi- Cynthia, and thousands of others who dividuals fighting the good fight every zation to help raise awareness about are just asking for a chance to make day are ‘‘the real experts,’’ to quote the needs of senior citizens. America a better nation. Austin Leclaire, who suffers from As a member of the Volunteers in Mr. President, I yield the floor. Duchenne and has experienced in- Partnership Program, Cynthia orga- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- creased mobility because of the drug. nized workshops at high schools and ator from Mississippi. People like Austin have a life-threat- middle schools with low-income and f ening disease now. They don’t have minority student populations. She much time. helped the students fill out their col- DUCHENNE MUSCULAR No matter the outcome of the FDA’s lege applications and write scholarship DYSTROPHY decision next month, I will continue to essays, and she brought the students to Mr. WICKER. Mr. President, the fight the good fight on behalf of those visit her campus at the University of fight against muscular dystrophy is a with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. In Denver. cause I have championed since my days the 15 years since I introduced the MD- She graduated in 2010 with a degree in the House of Representatives. My CARE, I have learned that small wins in cognitive neuroscience, which is a fight against Duchenne muscular dys- can lead to big victories. double major in psychology and biol- trophy began when a parent told me MD-CARE was the first Federal law ogy, and she even minored in chem- about his son’s diagnosis with the dis- to focus on muscular dystrophy. It istry on top of that. ease. helped set in motion the research and

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.016 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2514 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 trials that have produced leg had to be amputated. Becoming a groups to raise more than $40 million groundbreaking therapies. The life of forest ranger was now impossible for to benefit their causes. muscular dystrophy patients now is an Terry, but Terry didn’t let that stop For those of us who were blessed with average of 12 years longer—I think I him from pursuing greatness. the opportunity to meet and know earlier said a decade; it is actually 12 After graduating high school, Terry Terry Redlin, we always came away years longer than it was in 2001—a won- received a disability scholarship to feeling like he was our friend—so won- derful achievement. There are more help further his education. Using it, he derful, so kind, and so humble. For trial participants needed today than earned a degree from the St. Paul those who know him through his paint- there are Duchenne patients. School of Associated Arts and spent 25 ings, his spirit shone brightly in all of Young adults with Duchenne were a successful years working in commer- his work. population that did not exist when we cial art as a layout artist, graphic de- As we mourn his death and pray for first funded research for the disease. signer, illustrator, and art director. In his loved ones during this difficult They never got to adulthood. Today his spare time, he enjoyed photog- time, may we find comfort knowing they are getting to adulthood because raphy, particularly of the outdoors and that the legacy which he leaves behind Congress acted. Because of the MD- wildlife. Then he started painting from through his paintings will be enjoyed CARE amendments that became law his photographs and from his memo- and appreciated for generations to last Congress, research at the National ries. come. He was a great painter but an Institutes of Health has been updated In 1977, at the age of 40, Redlin’s even greater human being. in ways that could help patients lead painting ‘‘Winter Snows’’ appeared on Terry once said that he wanted to even longer, healthier lives. We want the cover of The Farmer magazine. He paint forever, that he had to paint. this research to continue. We want quickly rose to prominence as an ex- Terry said it was like breathing to companies to continue to invest in ceptional artist and started painting him. Unfortunately, illness forced him drugs and therapies that could change full time. From 1990 to 1998, each year’s into retirement in 2007, and on Sunday, the lives of those with rare diseases. poll of national art galleries by U.S. April 24, 2016, the Lord brought Terry Duchenne is still a fatal disease, af- Art Magazine selected Terry Redlin as up to Heaven. Now he can breathe fecting 1 out of every 3,500 boys—most- ‘‘America’s Most Popular Artist.’’ again. ly boys. Most young men with Over the years, many people have Thank you, Mr. President. Duchenne live only to their mid to late tried to describe the effect Terry’s I yield the floor. twenties. We should take every oppor- paintings had on them. People connect f tunity to find a breakthrough. We with his paintings. They inspire us to should take every opportunity to im- remember personal memories of past CONCLUSION OF MORNING prove quality of life. This is about the times, places, and experiences. Your BUSINESS futures of young people who face this heart is tugged when you look at them. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Morning disease every day and the families who There is peacefulness and warmth. business is closed. refuse to give up hope. Terry used to call it romantic realism, I look forward to the FDA’s full and but mere words simply cannot describe f final decision on this matter next it. As you can see from this Redlin ENERGY AND WATER DEVELOP- month, and I certainly am hoping for a painting beside me entitled ‘‘America, MENT AND RELATED AGENCIES positive answer from the FDA. America,’’ which I brought with me APPROPRIATIONS ACT, 2016 Thank you. from my front office where it normally I yield the floor. hangs, the beauty of his paintings is The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- truly indescribable. the previous order, the Senate will re- ator from South Dakota. His son convinced him to stop selling sume consideration of H.R. 2028, which the clerk will report. f original paintings and just sell prints. Someday, he said, they would build a The senior assistant legislative clerk REMEMBERING TERRY REDLIN beautiful art gallery to display all of read as follows: Mr. ROUNDS. Mr. President, I ask the originals. And they did. It could A bill (H.R. 2028) making appropriations unanimous consent to be allowed to have been built in the Twin Cities, for energy and water development and re- display this Terry Redlin painting dur- where he lived for a time, or a large lated agencies for the fiscal year ending Sep- tember 30, 2016, and for other purposes. ing my speech. metropolitan area, because Terry’s The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without paintings are loved everywhere. Terry Pending: objection, it is so ordered. chose his hometown of Watertown, SD, Alexander/Feinstein amendment No. 3801, Mr. ROUNDS. Mr. President, I rise to for the construction of the Redlin Art in the nature of a substitute. pay tribute to Terry Redlin, a citizen Center. It was a gift to his home State Alexander amendment No. 3804 (to amend- of South Dakota who rose to fame in ment No. 3801), to modify provisions relating and hometown for that $1,500 scholar- to Nuclear Regulatory Commission fees. the 1970s as an artist known for his ship he was given all those years ago, vivid and vibrant outdoor paintings. which created a wonderful life for him The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- On Sunday, April 24, 2016, Terry and his family. ator from Washington. passed away at the age of 78 in Water- Three million visitors came to the Mrs. MURRAY. Mr. President, I ask town, where he was born and raised. Redlin Art Center in the first 3 years unanimous consent to speak as in Our entire State was deeply saddened and many more millions since then. morning business. to hear of his passing. Terry spent his Terry would sometimes walk into the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without life promoting South Dakota, and he galleries unannounced and visit with objection, it is so ordered. shared his appreciation for our great guests who would then ask the front ZIKA VIRUS State with the entire world through his desk: Who is that nice guy? When told Mrs. MURRAY. Mr. President, I want paintings. He will be missed deeply, not it was Terry, they were shocked and to start by expressing my appreciation only by his family and loved ones but delighted. to all of my colleagues who are joining by all who admired his work through- Once Terry was seen driving slowly me on the floor today, and I thank out his very distinguished career. through the parking lot. When asked them for all the work they do every Growing up, Terry liked to draw. He what he was doing, he said he was look- day for women and their health care. didn’t think he would become an artist, ing at all the different license plates As of last week, the CDC reported though. As an avid outdoorsman, he and what they were doing there. He nearly 900 cases of Zika here in the wanted to be a forest ranger so there said he was amazed that people would United States and three U.S. terri- would be plenty of opportunities to travel so far just to see his paintings. tories, including actually two con- hunt and fish when he wasn’t working. Terry was also generous to the sub- firmed in my home State of Wash- Then, tragically, at the age of 15, his jects of many of his creations. His ington. life was changed forever. He was badly paintings and prints have been used by A recent survey showed that 40 per- hurt in a motorcycle accident, and his various wildlife and conservation cent of adults in the United States see

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.017 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2515 the Zika virus as the reason to delay Republicans did nothing to support the has not ended. We need funding for starting a family. Like so many of my actual Ebola response before the elec- work on both, but still the Republicans colleagues, I am hearing from women tions. Instead, they terrified the Amer- have done nothing. across my State who are very fright- ican people with totally made-up sto- Now Senate Republicans are taking ened about this virus. They want to ries of Ebola-infected immigrants com- us on a week-long recess. Where is the know how to travel safely in light of ing across our southern border. They Republican plan to fund the Zika re- Zika. They want to know whether they loudly trumpeted a number of dan- sponse? Where is the Republican plan should wait to start their families. gerous and irresponsible solutions, to replenish the Ebola funds? Appar- Tragically, I am hearing from expect- such as travel bans that would actually ently, when there is no immediate po- ant mothers who are concerned about make dealing with the problem more litical benefit, the Republicans can’t be what this virus could mean for the ba- difficult. bothered to act. Forget Ebola. Forget bies they have on the way. Ebola ravaged West Africa, but only Zika. They want to go on vacation. Women and families at home and four cases were ever diagnosed here in Well, I have news for my Republican abroad need Congress to take action the United States. Republican politi- colleagues: That is not good enough. against this virus, to help raise aware- cians didn’t care—they had found They won the election by telling Amer- ness about its impact, to expand access something to blame on President icans they would protect them from to contraception and family planning, Obama and the Democrats, and they scenarios just like this. Republicans to improve vector control, and to ac- were happy to do it. They exploited the run the Senate now, so it is time to celerate our efforts to find a vaccine. situation to help win an election. And govern. There is a public health crisis That is why for months Democrats it worked. Not all of the fearmongering bearing down on this country. Babies have urged Republicans to come to the candidates won, but most of them did, will be born permanently disabled, and table and work with us on making sure and they won in part because they families will be devastated if Repub- we put the needed resources into this promised to protect the American peo- licans keep blocking funding to deal fight against Zika. ple from these horrible contagious dis- with this problem. It is up to you to The administration has put forward a eases. act. strong proposal, but Republicans re- Today, Republicans run the Senate, This is what government is for—to fused to even consider it. While some in and we face a terrible threat right here help protect the people of the United the Republican Party indicated last in America—the rapidly spreading Zika States from serious threats, from real week they wanted to work with us on virus. So I come to the floor to ask a threats. The Republicans are failing emergency supplemental funding, it simple question: Why haven’t Repub- the people of the United States. has become pretty clear that unfortu- licans lifted a single finger to stop it? Thank you. nately they have been beaten back by Unlike Ebola, Zika is not confined to I yield the floor. the extreme rightwing who do not want one small region of the world; it has al- The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mrs. to do anything at all. These extreme ready spread through most of South FISCHER). The Senator from North Da- conservatives do not recognize that America and through Mexico. Unlike kota. Zika is an emergency. They don’t want Ebola, which can be transmitted only Ms. HEITKAMP. Madam President, to give the administration a penny by direct contact with bodily fluids, lest anyone think that they are im- more. As a result of that delay, we are Zika can spread rapidly across dis- mune or that this is only about the behind the eight ball as mosquito sea- tances by transmission through mos- tropics, I don’t think a lot of people in son comes this summer. quitoes. Unlike Ebola, our leaders at the United States of America would That is why we have come to the the NIH and CDC are raising the alarm call the State of North Dakota the floor together today to send a very that Zika is an imminent threat to tropics. Today I hold up the first noted clear message to Republicans today: Americans. Nearly 900 cases of Zika case of a pregnant woman who has been We need action now. Women simply have already been reported on Amer- infected by Zika. She was traveling, cannot afford to wait, and they should ican soil. probably bitten by a mosquito, and not have to. Democrats are ready to Zika can be devastating. Most people somehow contracted the Zika virus. get this done as soon as possible. And who contract Zika show no symptoms She will now live in fear that the baby for families and communities who are or only very mild symptoms, but Zika she is carrying will suffer the birth de- looking to Congress for action, I hope infections can trigger Guillain-Barre fects we know are associated with this Republicans join us now so that we can syndrome, a condition in which the potential pandemic. deliver what families are asking for in body attacks its own nervous system, Where is the answer for her? The an- our country. which can cause permanent and severe swer that the North Dakota epi- Thank you. damage, hospitalizing some people for demiologist gave for her, which is good I yield the floor. weeks and killing others. In addition, advice, is: Don’t travel anywhere where The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- babies born to mothers who were in- we have Zika virus infections. I guess ator from Massachusetts. fected with Zika may suffer severe and she is not leaving her house because Ms. WARREN. Mr. President, I want permanent brain damage. The World the way this is spreading and the way to start by thanking Senator HEITKAMP Health Organization estimates that 4 this is moving, it will be everywhere in for pulling us in here today to talk million people could be infected with the United States of America. about this emergency and Senator Zika by the end of the year. Once it migrates, and once it moves, MURRAY for her strong voice on this The threat is real, but where are the what is going to stop it? Who is going and many others who will be speaking Republicans? For weeks Senate Demo- to stand on the floor of the Senate and out today. crats have called for emergency supple- take responsibility for the lack of ac- In 2014 Ebola broke out in West Afri- mental funding to support public tion, for the lack of responding to this ca. As it advanced, the international health efforts both in research and pre- public health crisis? That is why we community came together to combat vention. Republicans have done noth- are coming here today. This is not the outbreak. Doctors from around the ing. For weeks the President has called about politics. This is not about a pub- world traveled to West Africa to set up for emergency supplemental funding to lic health emergency. We need re- emergency hospital units to help the protect the American people. Repub- sources. We need answers. We need sick and to attempt to contain the licans have done nothing. For weeks tests. We don’t need to rob from other virus. President Obama deployed thou- leaders at the WHO, NIH, and CDC have potential pandemics like Ebola to get sands of troops to support the effort. begged Congress for resources to fight this done. With the media focused on the out- this disease. Republicans have done There is not a citizen in the country break right in the middle of the 2014 nothing. The President has been forced who would not say this is an obligation election, Republican Senators and Re- to divert funds intended for work on of the government to protect their peo- publican candidates across the country Ebola over to work on Zika. That is a ple. We anticipate in Puerto Rico, a seized on this global health crisis. No, very short-term strategy. Ebola has territory of this country—a lot of peo- they didn’t swoop in to rescue; in fact, dropped out of the news, but the threat ple travel to and from Puerto Rico—

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.019 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2516 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 one in five people in Puerto Rico will well—also has one case. We don’t know We had representatives who are look- be infected by the Zika virus. Do they how many more. We don’t know how ing at what might happen with the know it? Probably not. Frequently no many more. virus and our planning for an outbreak, symptoms come with the infection. So So I am pleading, let’s not wait. Let’s which we hope we can avoid. now we have to respond. Now we have treat this like the emergency it is. We had doctors from the State, we to do what is right. Let’s do what we need to do to protect had the State epidemiologist, we had People will say: We can take this in American families, particularly young the director of the State lab, and we regular order. That is what I hear is women of child-bearing age who are had people who are working on mos- happening over in the House. They going to be devastated if this happens quito control. They talked about how want to take this in regular order. in their families. So let’s do the right over the last several months they have Well, if it is a regular problem, why has thing. Let’s come together. If there is a been getting more and more questions the State of Florida declared a state of problem with the proposal, let’s debate about Zika, particularly from women emergency? In February—this is not what that proposal should look like. who are planning to have children in new—it is estimated Florida will con- Let’s bring it to the floor. Offer amend- the near future, and for pregnant tinue to be the next big place of infec- ments for accountability. women and their families or women tion as the Zika virus migrates. Why are we waiting? Someone needs and their partners who are beginning What does that mean to Florida? Not to answer that question, not just to me to think about starting a family. only does it mean you have created but to American families and to the As Senator HEITKAMP pointed out, huge insecurity for the families—par- American people. the threat of Zika is very real. We had ticularly young women the age of our I yield the floor. one of the doctors, an obstetrician, at children who are now thinking about The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- that roundtable who reported that having babies you have created huge ator from New Hampshire. many of her family patients are can- insecurity. If the answer is don’t have Mrs. SHAHEEN. Madam President, I celing vacations they had planned and babies, how many generations do we come to the floor to join my colleagues some of her patients whose husbands have to go? We don’t know. That is the because I share their very real con- are in the military who are stationed problem. We don’t know. There is no cerns about the impact of the Zika in Zika-infected countries are con- test. There is no way to verify at this virus on families in New Hampshire— cerned about how to protect them- point—no rapid test. also not a tropical State—the impact selves and what they need to do when So when we look at this and we look on people across the country here in they return. at the effect it is having not only on the United States, and also on people We heard from folks at our New our families and on family decisions around the world. Hampshire Department of Health and but look at the effect it is having on As has been pointed out, we have Human Services who talked about the tourism—we all know the Caribbean seen reports in regions with active importance of increased access to fam- depends on tourism dollars to have sta- mosquito-borne transmission of the ily planning and contraceptives and the Zika outbreak impact on the need ble governments. We all know Florida virus, places such as Brazil, where they for those services. It gives us a new is heavily dependent on tourism. Peo- are about to host the Olympics. People lens on the importance of making sure ple in my office have already canceled will be traveling there from all over women and families have access to this plans for Caribbean vacations. People I the United States, from all over the world. We have seen those stories of health care. know have already canceled plans to go We need to make sure all women at women who have had children with se- to Florida because they are afraid. risk or diagnosed with Zika have ac- What happens when everybody is vere birth defects, with microcephaly, cess to comprehensive, patient-cen- staying home because they are afraid? as a result of their exposure and con- tered contraceptives and preconception tracting the virus during pregnancy. This is not something we can play poli- counseling. We also heard from the We have also seen impacts on adults. tics with. This is something that folks involved with mosquito control. The connection that seems to be there, should unite all of us. We should all be What they told us is, there are two and I think we are still waiting on de- coming together. If you don’t like the mosquitoes that can spread the Zika finitive research, but the connection in President’s plan, tell us what is wrong virus, that we know of at this time. adults between Guillain-Barre syn- with it. Tell us what you need to One of those is a mosquito that is only drome and the Zika virus is also very change. Tell us what your experts,— in the tropics, that we are never going real. While fortunately in America in contrary to the experts at CDC who to see in northern New Hampshire and have arrived at this plan—tell us what most cases that can be treated, the re- in northern New England. your experts think needs to be changed ality is, in a lot of places around the The second mosquito, we have al- and what level of accountability you world and for some people, it causes se- ready found in Connecticut and Massa- need. vere paralysis and sometimes even chusetts. The mosquito control folks I understand this morning the argu- death. So this is not just something said that unlike the usual spraying for ment is not that we should spend the that affects pregnant women, but there mosquitoes, which is in wetland areas money, the argument is there is no ac- are also concerns about who else might and swampy areas in New Hampshire, countability. Tell us what account- be affected by this virus. this is a mosquito that, as Secretary ability. Come together. Let’s solve this As we have heard from North Da- Burwell has described it, ‘‘can breed in problem. Let’s rise to the occasion in kota, as we have heard from other as little as a capful of water.’’ They are the Senate. When confronted with this States, as mosquito season arrives in mosquitoes that bite people four times virus, let’s come together. Let’s show this country, we can expect additional in order to get a meal, so they spread the people we can respond. Zika cases, transmitted often by mos- very fast. I don’t think I am exaggerating the quitoes from tropical areas, that people What we heard from the mosquito potential health care effects. The contract when they are traveling. We control folks who were at this meeting World Health Organization has de- know this mosquito is coming to Amer- was that they are encouraging people clared it an emergency. A conservative ica. In New Hampshire, where neither to look at places in their yards where Governor in Florida has declared it an of the two known mosquito vectors water might collect in small spaces, in emergency. Certainly for this young currently live, we have already had wheelbarrows, in paint cans, in places North Dakota woman, it is an emer- three cases of Zika, with about 150 pos- we would not normally think about gency. She needs to know and her fam- sible cases that are still being tested. mosquitoes growing. ily needs to know exactly how this Two of those cases were acquired as a They also encouraged people to think virus is transmitted and what she can result of traveling to Zika-impacted re- about protecting themselves. When you expect going forward. gions, but the third was contracted be- are going out, think about covering up, She is just one of, I think, the first cause of sexual transmission of the dis- wearing long sleeves, wearing slacks, cases. My great friend the Senator ease from a partner who had been trav- wearing socks when you are outside at from Washington—not exactly the eling. Last week I chaired a roundtable a time when mosquitoes might be tropics in the State of Washington as on Zika in Concord, NH, in our capital. around.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.020 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2517 The other concern about the Zika I yield the floor. When the President sent his $1.9 bil- mosquito is that it also is active dur- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- lion request to Congress, he laid out ing the day. It is not like most of the ator from Hawaii. how the funding would be spent or mosquitoes we see in New Hampshire, Ms. HIRONO. Madam President, I used. It would go toward vector con- which are active at night. This is a rise to join my colleagues in raising trol, public education campaigns, and mosquito that is also active during the awareness about the Zika virus and the vaccine development. It would go to- day. So we need to be taking action need to pass the President’s emergency ward the work of companies such as now. I listened to the head of the State appropriations request to get ahead of Hawaii Biotech, which is racing to lab in New Hampshire talking about this crisis in the making. complete work on a vaccine. the challenge of getting results from Some question the need for this We must fund the emergency request the lab for people who had been tested emergency appropriations request. Per- so Federal agencies that stand on the for Zika. haps those who believe that funding battle lines of combating disease can He said: Sometimes we have to send the President’s request is a waste feel do their work. We must also strengthen out to labs. We don’t have the capacity that we are not at immediate risk, but vector control programs and emer- in New Hampshire to do the analysis you have heard my other colleagues gency preparedness programs. It is im- that is required. We are still looking talking about how this is an impending perative that we give our communities for a test that can definitively deter- crisis. While Zika may not seem like a the tools they need to fight Zika. Time mine if somebody has had Zika in the threat in the United States now be- is still on our side right now, but time past. He said: Something as small as cause we have not hit peak mosquito is running out and we must act quick- the ability to ferry the samples and the season, this head-in-sand mentality is ly. Let’s come together to ensure that results back and forth to a lab is one of irresponsible. Zika is ravaging South Zika does not become a full-blown pub- the things we need so we can get an- America, which is having its summer lic health emergency in the United swers so we know how to act. right now. Zika is on the move. The States. Let’s fund the President’s re- The folks who are trying to get infor- mosquito that is the main Zika carrier quest. mation out to the public talked about is already in 13 States, and another I yield the floor. the need to have support so they could mosquito also capable of spreading the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- get information out, both to the med- Zika virus is in 30 States. As families ator from Minnesota. ical community and to individuals, travel this summer, they will be mov- Ms. KLOBUCHAR. Madam President, about the importance of what individ- ing in and out of States and countries I rise today to discuss this urgent pub- uals need to do to take action. impacted by Zika. lic health emergency. I am honored to They said very directly to me, as I To my colleagues who aren’t worried be here with Senator MURRAY, Senator said that I appreciate this is something about the spread of Zika right now, it MIKULSKI, Senator HEITKAMP, and Sen- we need to work with you on in Wash- is time for all of us to wake up. With ator HIRONO as we look at this serious ington, they said: We don’t have the re- summer comes mosquitoes—including, crisis facing our Nation, and that is the sources to respond to this in the way of course, the mosquito that carries Zika virus. we need to in New Hampshire. For Zika. We must do all we can to ensure The World Health Organization has those people who would say: Don’t that Zika does not gain a foothold in declared that Zika is spreading explo- worry. You are exaggerating. This is the United States. Let’s act, not react, sively and will affect nearly all coun- never going to come to New Hamp- to this Zika threat. This means fund- tries in North America and South shire, well, that is what they told us ing the President’s $1.9 billion request America. The virus has already in- about the West Nile virus. That is what for Zika. fected nearly 400 Americans who have they told us about EEE. We have had Hawaii knows firsthand the impact of traveled abroad from 40 States, includ- deaths in New Hampshire in recent vector-borne diseases such as Zika and ing my home State of Minnesota. Over years from both of those viruses. So I of the resources and effort it takes to 500 people in Puerto Rico have the dis- think we need to act on this. I know contain an outbreak. Seven Hawaii ease. Nearly all of them contracted the there has been an agreement in the Ap- residents have already been diagnosed virus locally. These numbers will only propriations Committee, among the ap- with Zika. One infant born to a mother continue to grow as the warmer propriators on both sides of the aisle. with Zika has been diagnosed with months bring more mosquitoes that It has been a bipartisan agreement to microcephaly, a devastating birth de- transmit this disease. In fact, research- help get a supplemental funding bill to fect. ers calculate that 60 percent of the peo- the floor to address this because in On top of that, Hawaii has been deal- ple in our country live in an area that New Hampshire what I have heard is ing with an outbreak of dengue fever, will likely be affected. that we need help. We need Washington which is spread by the same mosquito Zika is a rapidly evolving mosquito- to help us. If we are concerned about that carries Zika. The dengue outbreak borne virus. Most infected patients de- the cost of this, just think about what in Hawaii began in September, and velop mild flu-like symptoms that last our inaction will do? What if we have only yesterday were we able to go 30 for a week. However, the virus has dev- an outbreak and we have people who— days without a new dengue case. astating consequences for growing fam- we have thousands of women, as they The unique location of Hawaii means ilies. Researchers have now confirmed do in Brazil, who have been infected it serves as transit location for many what many feared was true: A pregnant and who have had babies with Pacific Island nations where Zika out- woman infected with Zika is at risk of microcephaly. What are the health care breaks have occurred in the recent giving birth to a child with costs to people who might have been past, places such as Yap and French microcephaly. This heartbreaking, life- infected by the Zika virus, with Polynesia. We know that this disease long condition results in newborns Guillain-Barre syndrome, with other can migrate and that it can migrate with abnormally small heads. These birth defects as a result of being in- quickly. That is why we have to get children will need increased access to fected during pregnancy? ahead of it. health care and developmental serv- So this is a bill we can’t afford to Having the administration shift ices, such as speech therapy, occupa- wait on. We need to address this. If Ebola funding around is not the an- tional therapy, and physical therapy. folks are not willing to do it because it swer. That is akin to robbing Peter to There is no known cure for this disease is the right thing to do, they ought to pay Paul. What will we do if Ebola has or even standard treatment for this be willing to do it because it is the a resurgence this summer—shift money condition. cost-effective thing to do. I hope we back from Zika? It is crucial that physicians have the can come together. I know people on The United States is in a strong posi- knowledge and tools essential to diag- both sides of the aisle are concerned tion, compared to many other coun- nose and care for pregnant women who about this. We need to come together. tries, to fight Zika. We have may be infected with Zika. It is crucial We need to address this. It is a pending indevelopment vaccines, blood that moms with Zika and children with public health emergency. We have to screenings, cleaning tools, and research microcephaly have access to the serv- respond. that will be game changers. ices they need. It is crucial that we

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.021 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2518 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 take steps now to ensure that our have always tried to find common 850 kits. They are going to have town- health care system and all levels of ground on this. But if you are really for hall meetings to talk with the agricul- government are prepared for the immi- defending the unborn, you have to pass tural officials about prevention and nent spread of the Zika virus. this supplemental. mosquito control. We have a Repub- We are here today to continue to There are women all over the United lican Governor and a Republican coun- stress the urgent need to ensure that States—particularly in these three vul- ty executive who are acting. our country is as prepared as possible nerable States—there are women in Then there is Howard County, where to mitigate the spread of Zika and re- Puerto Rico who are wondering, if they the health department is planning to spond to outbreaks of this virus. are already pregnant, what their situa- distribute 450 kits to obstetric and gyn- The administration submitted a re- tion is. There are young women and ecological practices to protect preg- quest for nearly $2 billion in emergency not-so-young women who are con- nant women. Again, a Republican funds to provide immediate support. cerned about getting pregnant and at county executive working with his ad- This is about research. This is about a the same time being bitten by a mos- ministration is taking action, spending vaccine. This is about therapeutics and quito, and there are sparse resources to local money when this is a national diagnostics. This is about a medical do mosquito control. problem. health crisis that primarily—but not We want to build fences to keep out I am saying this because my own only—affects women and children. illegal aliens. OK. We want to bomb the Governor and the county executives That is why the women Democrats of hell out of ISIS and terrorists. We are acting. the Senate have gathered on the floor should because we are worried that In Baltimore City, which has a today to speak out, to speak out and they are coming at us. But in many of Democratic mayor—she listened to the say this is a crisis that must be funded. those instances, those are problems warnings coming from the World This is a crisis that must be responded that have been difficult to solve. This Health Organization, the CDC, and the to. is not difficult to solve; this is about Bloomberg School of Public Health in Simply because it mainly affects mosquito control. Baltimore and is taking action. Balti- women and children right now—and we I am very concerned that we are just more is now spraying, taking mosquito have no idea what other effects it will sitting around and that when all is said control action, and so on. They are have—is no reason to shirk our duties and done, more is getting said than spending over $500,000 of local money, in the Congress and not fund this. Our gets done. We are talking about an of which we don’t have a lot. foremost duty is to protect the health emergency supplemental. So, hello, Maryland is acting. We and safety of Americans. Zika is a rap- The Appropriations Committee has a need to act. And I say this because we idly evolving disease with severe public very clear set of criteria for what is an are spending local money to deal with health implications. I ask my col- emergency. First, it has to be urgent. a national and international problem. leagues to support this effort. We can- Well, the mosquito season is here. It So please, let’s now—whatever dif- not afford to delay action. has to be unforeseen. This was unfore- ferences we have on other bills, please I yield the floor. seen and it is temporary. It is mosquito let’s take up this urgent supplemental. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- season. It is a confined season. We can Madam President, I yield the floor, ator from Maryland. do something about it, and we must do as I see the majority leader is here. Ms. MIKULSKI. Madam President, I something about it. It will have a dis- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ma- rise to take the floor as the vice chair proportionate impact on pregnant jority leader. of the Appropriations Committee and women and the unborn. There will be Mr. MCCONNELL. Madam President, urge that we adopt an urgent supple- children born with the most horren- I ask unanimous consent that at 1:45 mental request to deal with the Zika dous, heartbreaking birth defects. p.m. today, the Senate agree to the threat. I am of the generation that was the motion to proceed to the motion to re- This is real. It has been 2 months polio generation. My mother wouldn’t consider the cloture vote on amend- since the administration sent to Con- let my sisters and me go swimming ment No. 3801, the motion to reconsider gress an emergency supplemental. We until after June 20 because, somehow the cloture vote on amendment No. can’t wait any longer. The mosquitoes or another, in our faith, it was St. 3801, and the Senate then vote on the are here. They are actually here. They John’s Day and we thought the water motion to invoke cloture on the Alex- are here in the United States of Amer- would be warmer. Maybe the saint ander substitute amendment No. 3801, ica. blessed the water. God bless the saints. upon reconsideration. I have said—first with wit and now God bless people like Dr. Salk, and God The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there with deep concern—that you can’t bless America that funded the Salk objection? build a wall to keep the mosquitoes vaccine. I remember children in iron Without objection, it is so ordered. out. The mosquitoes aren’t going to lungs to be kept alive, children in The Senator from Florida. pay for this. We need to act, and we braces who then walked with very dif- ZIKA VIRUS need to act now. ficult canes. Those who survive bear Mr. RUBIO. Madam President, I have This is a compelling public health this the rest of their lives. two topics I want to talk about today— crisis, and we can do something about Look at what we are facing here, and actually, three—but I want to begin it. We take an oath to defend all Amer- we know it. This is not unknown, nor is with the Zika virus. icans against enemies foreign and do- it unmanageable. It will be a national A few weeks ago I went back to Flor- mestic. This is about to be a self-in- disgrace if we don’t act. ida on a Friday and I sat down and met flicted wound on our own people be- In my own home State, I have a Re- with officials from the Department of cause of our failure to act. publican Governor, Governor Larry Health from Florida. I met with leaders With no reliable, tested public health Hogan. Guess what. Governor Hogan is from Puerto Rico in the health sector. interventions on mosquito control—we acting. This isn’t about Democrats and I met with doctors who live in Miami- have to take action to do this. Why? Republicans. Governor Hogan acted. He Dade County and also officials in Because as of April 20, there have been declared April 24 to 30 Zika Awareness Miami-Dade County. They are freaked close to 900 cases confirmed in the Week. He ordered his health depart- out about the Zika thing. I don’t know United States of America. We already ment to coordinate educational events any other term to use. If they are know they are in three States. The with local health departments. They freaked out, then I am very concerned CDC knows it is going to come to at also spent $130,000 of State money to about it as well. That is why I do sup- least 30 States in our own country, and develop 10,000 transmission kits to port fully and immediately funding it will have incredible consequences, begin to deal with this. My Republican this situation, and I have asked our particularly to women. Governor has taken action. colleagues to do so as quickly as pos- Over the years, I have heard many el- Also, in Anne Arundel County—the sible. oquent, poignant, and even wrenching county that is the home of the State I want to speak briefly about the speeches about protecting the unborn. capital, again headed up by a Repub- Florida experience with this. There are They have been deeply moving. We lican county executive—they received two things that are deeply concerning,

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.022 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2519 and then I will speak to some of the to say when they are asked: What did fore there is a mosquito-borne trans- things we should be doing. you do about it? Are you going to say: mission. By the way, does it really First, the summer months are upon Well, I had real problems. I wanted to matter how you got it, whether it was us. Anyone who has been in Florida, in make sure about this and that. from a mosquito or it was sexually the summer particularly, knows sum- This is a serious thing. People’s lives transmitted? You have Zika. It acts mer has basically already started in are at stake here. And by the way, this the very same way once you have it. It Florida if you go outside. The spread of is now spreading into all sorts of other is just a matter of time before there is mosquitoes as a threat virtually every- threats. Guillain-Barre was mentioned a mosquito-borne transmission in the where in the State is just massive. It is earlier. We know about the birth de- continental United States. just a way of life. This very deadly dis- fects that are very significant. Do my I also have heard—not that anyone ease is something we are still learning colleagues realize what the cost will be here has said it—but I have heard oth- about, by the way. A few weeks ago, of dealing with all of that? Are people ers say there are no cases of Zika they said: Well, Zika impacts only a aware of what Guillain-Barre is? It is a transmitted from a mosquito yet in the small population of people—a very sig- debilitating, often fatal, disease. The United States. That is false. Puerto nificant population of people. We are cost of treating someone that has it is Rico is in the United States. Puerto learning this disease impacts whoever extraordinary. Ricans are American citizens. By the it touches. First of all, you don’t have What about where the money is going way, they travel in huge numbers to to be symptomatic to spread it. In to be spent? Look, it is possible at the and from the United States. Many are Florida alone, we have had at least two end of the day that $1.9 billion will not moving here. Many work here during cases of transmission sexually trans- even be enough. We don’t know. But we the week and travel back on the week- mitted. have to start. ends. This is a catastrophe right now in By the way, it is just a matter of No. 1, we don’t have a commercially Puerto Rico, which is a United States time before someone in Florida gets bit available plan to test for Zika. You territory, and its people are American by a mosquito. I am telling you, it is can’t just go to Quest Diagnostics and citizens. They are facing a catastrophe just a matter of days, weeks, hours be- get a Zika test. It doesn’t exist. In right now on this issue. fore you will open up a newspaper or Florida, if you want to get a Zika test, So I hope there is real urgency about turn on the news and it will say that you have to go through the State de- dealing with this. I understand this is someone in the continental United partment of health. not a political issue. There is no such No. 2, a lot of people aren’t being States was bitten by a mosquito and thing as a Republican position on Zika tested because they are not a pregnant they contracted Zika. When that hap- or a Democrat position on this issue woman so they do not think they have pens, then everyone is going to be because these mosquitoes bite every- to be tested. False. If you have traveled freaked out, not just me and not just one. They are not going to ask you anywhere at this point—I don’t care the people who work for the health de- what your party affiliation is or who who you are, how old you are, male or partment in Florida. This is going to you plan to vote for in November. This female—where there are mosquitoes in happen. There are just way too many is a real threat, and it is not just in the significant amounts, you probably mosquitoes to avoid it. tropical States. They may feel it first, should be tested. If you have traveled The second thing is that Miami-Dade but so can any State that has any sig- abroad into these danger zones, you County, in particular, but a lot of Flor- nificant travel, which is basically all 50 can transmit this disease. You can be ida, is a transit point for all of Latin States in the Union. In a country carrying it and not see manifestations America. So, for example, one of the where people travel extensively across of it for a while. places most impacted by Zika is Brazil. the country and around the world, we There is no commercially available are going to face a Zika problem in this Well, this summer the Olympics are plan. They talk about mosquito con- being held in Brazil, and there will be country this summer and fall. trol. They have only been trying that My advice to my colleagues is that hundreds of thousands of people who for thousands of years, and mosquitoes we are going to deal with this, so I cross through Florida to get to Brazil have outlasted everything. It is impor- hope we deal with it at the front end. and back, on top of the normal number tant. It has to be a part of it. But one Not only is that better for our people, of travelers. It is just a matter of time. of the two mosquito species that but that will be better for my col- It is not a question of if, it is a ques- spreads Zika is resistant to pesticides. leagues. Otherwise, we will have to ex- tion of when. It has become resistant to the pes- plain why it is that we sat around for So I look at this from a Senate per- ticide, and that is why new tech- spective and say: We are going to fund weeks and did nothing on something of nologies need to be developed. this magnitude. this. We are going to spend money on There are some innovative ways out The second topic I want to— Zika in Washington, DC, No. 1, because there to cut down on the mosquito pop- Mrs. MURRAY. Madam President, we should. It is the obligation of the ulation. There is an innovative pro- will the Senator yield for just one mo- Federal Government to keep our people gram now, trying to start a pilot pro- ment before he goes into his second safe, and this is an imminent and real gram in the Keys. That should be a topic? threat to the public safety and security part of this conversation. Researchers Mr. RUBIO. I will yield to the Sen- of our Nation and our people. So the are pretty confident they can find a ator from Washington. money is going to be spent. The ques- vaccine for this kind of disease, given The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- tion is: Do we do it now, before this has its pathology. Maybe not next week, ator from Washington. become a crisis or do we wait for it to but they can find a vaccine for it. The Mrs. MURRAY. Madam President, I become a crisis? Maybe that crisis hap- government has a role to play in basic just want to thank the Senator from pens in August, when everyone is back research that allows the private sector Florida for joining the women of the home doing their campaign stuff or to commercialize that and make that Senate here today to bring attention to maybe it happens on Monday, when ev- possible. such a critical issue and to extend our eryone is back home doing whatever I understand we want accountability hands. We want to work with the Sen- they do on recess. Then everyone will for how this money will be spent. I be- ator. We believe this is an emergency, get pulled back to deal with this imme- lieve that. I do. I think the administra- and we want to deal with it quickly. diately, and I want to know what Mem- tion should come forward and say: Here We appreciate his comments and his bers will say to those who say: Hey, is our plan. Here is where every penny support this morning. this Zika thing has been in the news is going to be spent, and here is how we The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- for months. Now there is a case. are going to spend it. We should hold ator from Florida. It can be in any State in the coun- them accountable, and if there are Mr. RUBIO. Madam President, I ap- try—any State in the country. You ways to improve on that, we should. preciate the advocacy of the Senator may hear: Oh, it is only in certain But I think there should be a sense of from Washington, and I do look for- States that are warm. That is not true. urgency when dealing with this issue. ward to working with the Senator on It can be in any State in the country. I honestly believe—I don’t believe; I this as well. Hopefully, we can get a re- I want to know what people are going know—it is just a matter of time be- sult on this.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.025 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2520 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 There is going to be a recess now, and more reasons to proudly cheer Austin the words of someone who was there, that means for 10 days people will be on, though the reasons are different. who has a lot of experience in inter- going back to their home States. So I He cheers when Austin is able to get acting with government agencies and hope when we come back a week from out of bed without help or to walk to bureaucracies, the word they used was Monday, we will hear that we have a the restroom. These are moments of ‘‘jarring.’’ They said it was jarring. plan that we are going to be able to great pride for Joe, when he sees how This is from someone who has a lot of vote on and vote on it quickly. resilient Austin is in the face of this experience interacting with govern- DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY AND FDA disease. ment agencies and bureaucracies. They ADVISORY PANEL Joe and Austin traveled to Wash- said it was jarring how it went. Madam President, on a separate ington as part of a coordinated effort I want to paint the picture of what topic, I want to call attention to a re- to witness and participate in FDA ac- that place looked like on Monday. markable group of advocates who are tion related to Duchenne. As advance- There was an entire community of par- bound together, not by a common race ments in medical science continue, tar- ents whose kids have Duchenne, who or religion or political ideology but by geted therapies to treat Duchenne are are taking this experimental drug, who the common hope of one day ridding being developed and tested, and each are seeing their kids improve. They are the world of a rare disease named one—even the ones that fail—is pro- seeing it. They know these kids better Duchenne muscular dystrophy. viding us greater insight into the way than any scientist, any doctor, or any Duchenne is one of multiple different the disease operates and how it might panelist at the FDA, and they see these forms of muscular dystrophy. It affects ultimately be defeated. kids are doing better. They see this. The last couple of weeks in par- mostly boys, almost exclusively, at the They are begging the FDA panel: ticular have brought about a display of rate of 1 per 3,600 individuals. Its pri- Please allow us to continue to give extraordinary strength from Joe and mary symptom is the steady deteriora- these kids medicine. And, by the way, Austin, and thousands of other parents, tion of muscle mass beginning early in make it available to other kids be- children, family, and friends who en- childhood. By the age of 12, most boys cause, No. 1, there has not been a sin- gage in activism on behalf of those with Duchenne have lost the ability to gle documented case of harm; no one with Duchenne. This Monday, scores of walk and eventually become paralyzed using this experimental medicine has advocates from around the country at- been harmed by it. No. 2, we, the par- from the neck down. I am sad to say tended a hearing of the FDA advisory ents, are telling you it works because there is currently no cure for committee, which welcomed them and we see it in our kids. And, No. 3, if you Duchenne, and the average life expect- spent almost an entire day listening to take it away, we are desperate; there is ancy is around 25 years. their testimony. What this committee I am personally the parent of four nothing left. They are going to die. It was listening to was the result of a is very predictable. children, including two boys, and I can clinical study on a small group. Admit- The committee ignored them. The only imagine—perhaps I can’t imagine; tedly, this is a small group of people committee ruled against them, and it that is how difficult it is—what it must who have this disease, so any clinical did so because they basically applied be like to have a child receive this di- trial will have a small number of peo- the same standard to this drug as they agnosis. Few are called to do more for ple. It is not the same as you would did to a normal one: Oh, you didn’t their child and to show greater courage have for another more common disease. have enough people in the clinical in the face of the adversity that MD So this FDA advisory panel was meet- trial. No, there aren’t enough people to poses than a parent helping their child ing to decide whether they were going do a clinical trial with. It is a rare dis- battle Duchenne. to allow this testing to expand and this ease. The result is they had this ruling, I was recently inspired and humbled drug to be more available. and I think the vote was 7 to 3. a few weeks ago to meet a young man The panel should have reviewed this What is interesting is that one of the struggling against this disease. His in the context of a law that was passed board members was quoted as saying: name is Austin, and his dad Joe is a in 2012 called the Food and Drug Ad- Based on all I heard, the drug defi- hero in more ways than one. Joe helps ministration Safety and Innovation nitely works, but the question was Austin combat Duchenne, and he does Act; call it FDASIA for short. This act framed differently. What that means is it alone, as a single father. By the way, gave the FDA the authority to consider the way the FDA posed the question to he also serves as an Active-Duty mem- the perspectives of patients when eval- this committee was not just whether ber of the United States Air Force. uating whether to approve a drug. In the drug worked, but the question was Austin is 12 years old, and I was im- essence, it gave the FDA the authority the process: Did this clinical trial have mediately impressed when I met him. I to listen to people who are taking the enough people? Was it conducted the knew how difficult it must have been drug and decide whether it works or normal way—the way other drug tests for him to travel all the way to Wash- not—not just to look at the clinical are conducted? Of course not, because ington from his home in Tampa. This is study. it is not treating a normal condition. It the embodiment of courage that people This also provides real flexibility is one with a very small population. living with this disease show every when evaluating drugs for life-threat- The committee spent almost the en- day. ening illnesses, such as Duchenne. It tire time focused on how the clinical Joe shared with me a few of the included multiple provisions to address study was designed and not on whether struggles they face. He told me how the challenges of the rare disease pa- it works. By the way, had the FDA fol- Austin is unable to attend school full tient community, which is by defini- lowed FDASIA, the law passed a few time because he needs hours of daily tion small—meaning clinical trials years ago, and taken that into ac- physical therapy to stimulate his mus- have a more difficult time finding count—the small patient population cles. He told me how Austin is quickly enough participants to meet the FDA’s and likewise—they might have reached losing the ability to walk and how he usual requirements. Usually, when it is a different result. Instead, what is hap- now needs help getting in and out of a drug for cancer or something like pening now is these patients and fami- his wheelchair and other daily tasks. that, you have tens of thousands of lies are on the verge of losing not just He needs help with eating. people you can do a trial for. When it access to the drug but to other families Joe told me he spends hundreds of is a rare disease, you have a harder as well. dollars each month on over-the-counter time finding enough people to test it Put yourself in the position of one of drugs that are not covered by insur- on the way you would for a normal these patients. Your son has Duchenne, ance, and he spends hours every Friday drug. And on top of that—on top of the your son is taking this experimental attending doctors’ appointments. perspective of a lesser number of peo- drug, and you see how he is improv- Joe shared the dreams he once had ple—it is also a disease that is fatal. In ing—because you do not improve with when Austin was born—dreams of being the end, all of these cases with Duchenne. It is not one of these things that proud father in the bleachers at Duchenne end the same way, with where you get better, worse, better, little league games or cheering loudly death, in a very predictable pattern. worse. You get worse and then worse and waving a big foam finger. With They had a chance to meet this week and then worse. It is a steady, predict- Duchenne, he tells me he has even and review this in the committee. In able decline. So imagine your child is

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.043 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2521 one of those impacted by this disease. roar. People would consider it totally no hearings and no opportunities for You know what the outcome is. It is a unacceptable. It would be the top news amendments on the floor of the Senate, predictable, guaranteed outcome. They story every night. People would say: the spending bill would fail. are taking an experimental drug, and These retirees played by the rules; they This is Washington at its worst: Bury you know it is working because they did everything right. Yet they are see- something in a spending bill that has are not declining. In fact, in many ing these big cuts. How could this hap- nothing to do with a spending bill—in cases they are improving. You are beg- pen? this case, a pension cut—and then basi- ging the FDA: Please, allow us to con- Yet that is exactly what is happening cally try to blackmail lawmakers to tinue to give our children this drug. to about 400,000 members of the Central vote for it, saying: If you don’t vote for They say: No, we reject it because the States Pension Fund who are facing this, the whole bill goes down. clinical trial was not conducted the cuts of up to 70 percent as soon as July I voted against it, as did other Mem- way it is for normal drugs. Then you 1 of this year. Again, these are people bers here in the Senate, but it passed. would understand the desperation of who worked hard all their lives, put Of course, President Obama quickly these parents. money into the pension system assum- signed it into law. Suddenly, these re- There is one last chance. The senior ing it would be there, made their finan- tirees were sent notices saying they leadership of the FDA has the ability cial plans based on that, and now they have this big cut in their pension. to override this decision and allow this are suddenly finding massive cuts— I agree that the status quo is not ac- to move forward. I personally hope some 20 percent, some 40 percent, some ceptable. I think over time it would that is what they will do. In the end, as high as 70 percent. It is time for the lead to pension bankruptcy, and some- the only thing to lose here is to do Senate to address this potential crisis thing has to be done. Difficult deci- nothing. and to come up with a fair solution. sions are necessary. But the MPRA was The sad story here would be for these The Central States Pension Fund an unfair remedy because it did not go parents, who are already seeing the consists mostly of union truck drivers. through a fair and open and trans- benefits, to lose access to this drug They have seen its pension fund se- parent process. Also, it didn’t give the that they know is having an impact on verely decline. That is why we are in workers or retirees a sufficient voice in their children. No one has been able to this situation. The pension suffered big their own futures. They did not have a prove there is any threat that this drug investment declines during the great voice in crafting the reforms because of poses to these children. This has been recession, as did other pension funds. the way it was structured. We probably have 47,000, 48,000 Ohio- documented. CBS has done a report. One difference is that they missed the ans affected by this. After months of Other entities have reported on it. market rebound because they had a meetings with Ohio workers, retirees, FDA senior leadership has the chance large population of new retirees, and and stakeholders, including the admin- to overrule this committee, which they had to withdraw large sums from istration, I introduced what is called didn’t knock it down for purposes of their pension for those payouts. the Pension Accountability Act. Basi- safety or anything of that nature. They One of the largest pension funds in cally, it gives workers and retirees a just said the clinical trials didn’t meet America is in trouble. It is projected to voice in this process. Right now, MPRA their standard—and say these kids are go bankrupt in about a decade. That does allow there to be a vote by work- bankruptcy could be so large that it going to die anyway if we don’t do ers and retirees, but for these large would have a very negative impact on something. plans, the vote is nonbinding. So there Here is a drug that is showing im- the larger Pension Benefit Guaranty is a vote, but it doesn’t count. Even if provement, and families who are using Corporation that insures the fund. We the participants vote 100 percent it are begging them to allow them to don’t want that to happen because that against the reforms, it wouldn’t stop could, of course, leave hundreds of use it. Thousands of people do not fly the cuts from going forward. That is in from around the country or watch thousands of retirees with severely re- crazy. That is certainly not demo- online for something that isn’t work- duced or no pensions. cratic. ing. If this weren’t working, these par- Something has to be done. Math is Additionally, the vote is designed un- ents would not be so adamant about it. math. I understand that and, by the fairly. Here is how it works: If a retiree They see it is working. They know peo- way, Central States retirees under- or a worker chooses not to take out a ple it is working for. They are des- stand that. They know there is a prob- ballot and vote, it is automatically perate to keep it or to reach it. Listen lem. But the way Congress and the counted as a ‘‘yes’’ vote for the plan. to them. They know what they are President have dealt with this is to- Imagine how that would work in U.S. talking about. They know. They are tally unacceptable. The House of Rep- Presidential elections or other demo- the primary caregivers for their chil- resentatives worked on a proposal. It cratic processes. But that is not how dren, and they know improvement was crafted in the House, not in the this works. If you submit a ballot, it when they see it. Senate. It allowed the pension to pos- should be counted. If you don’t submit I hope the FDA will consider moving sibly avert bankruptcy—and I say a ballot, it shouldn’t be counted. in a different direction. These parents ‘‘possibly’’ because, as I will talk about So the Pension Accountability Act deserve better. later, even this proposal doesn’t mean fixes these two problems: First, it Madam President, I yield the floor. they are going to avert bankruptcy. makes the retiree and the worker vote The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- But they did so by cutting the benefits binding. This will give workers and re- ator from North Carolina. of current retirees substantially, se- tirees a seat at the table, and a major- (The remarks of Mr. TILLIS per- verely in some cases, again by as much ity vote would be required for any pen- taining to the introduction of S. 2885 as 70 percent. sion cuts to go forward. Second, it are printed in today’s RECORD under They then took this proposal called makes the vote fair by counting the ‘‘Statements on Introduced Bills and the Multiemployer Pension Reform ballots as they should be counted, not Joint Resolutions.’’) Act, or MPRA, and buried it inside a $1 returning the ballots as an automatic Mr. TILLIS. I yield the floor. trillion spending bill, which, frankly, ‘‘yes’’ vote. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- nobody read. It was one of those last- These commonsense reforms give the ator from Ohio. minute bills, an end-of-the-year omni- workers and the retirees more lever- PENSION ACCOUNTABILITY ACT bus spending package, as they call it, age. It gives them a fair say in the Mr. PORTMAN. Madam President, I and they sent it to the U.S. Senate. process because their vote is going to rise today to talk about an issue that Members of the Senate were told: This be heeded to implement changes. They affects not only retirees in Ohio, but is an up-or-down vote. There were no are going to have a seat at the table to retirees all around the country. hearings in the Senate. There was no find the right balance. Let me start by saying that if hun- transparent process. Again, we know these pensions are in dreds of thousands of retirees were get- I remember when this happened trouble, and some changes are nec- ting the Social Security benefits they about a year and a half ago, we were essary to prevent bankruptcy, which had worked for cut by as much as 70 told that if the Senate didn’t quickly could leave some families with noth- percent, there would be a national up- pass these unprecedented reforms, with ing. So let the process play out. If the

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.026 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2522 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 businesses, unions, workers, and retir- the mail saying his pension would be pletely exterminated. Their churches are ees can craft a solution to win a major- cut by 40 percent—the pension that he being barbarously ravaged and looted, their ity vote, more power to them. But let’s was depending on. So after all those sacred objects profaned, their monuments destroyed. It is with pain that we call to give everyone a seat at the table, and years of work and sacrifice, his pension mind the situation in Syria, Iraq and other let these retirees have a vote. would be deeply slashed. Butch felt be- countries of the Middle East, and the mas- The goal should not be to stop all trayed, and I think that is understand- sive exodus of Christians from the land in pension reforms. If Central States con- able. He organized with his fellow retir- which our faith was first disseminated and in tinues on its road to bankruptcy, then, ees an effort to try to defend those pen- which they have lived together with other everybody loses. But the goal should be sions, and that is how I came to know religious communities since the time of the to give those affected a say in how him. He came to Washington, DC, to Apostles. We call upon the international these reforms are designed. It brings meet with me here. I also met with him community to act urgently in order to pre- vent the further expulsion of Christians from accountability. It opens the lines of in Ohio. I listened to his story. I lis- the Middle East. In raising our voice in de- communication on both sides of the tened to his wife Rita, who is very ar- fense of persecuted Christians, we wish to ex- bargaining table to come up with a fair ticulate, and we addressed different press our compassion for the suffering expe- solution. ways to try to save his pension. He is rienced by the faithful of other religious tra- There are some other proposals. I one of the reasons we came up with ditions who have also become victims of civil think the Pension Accountability Act this legislation. war, chaos, and terrorist violence. has a much more realistic chance of en- This past New Year’s Eve, feeling the On February 4, a nearly unanimous actment because I do not believe a stress, Butch became ill, and he died of European Parliament passed a resolu- massive tax increase is viable. It is the a massive heart take. He was 64 years tion declaring that ISIS ‘‘is commit- only reform proposal with bipartisan old. His wife Rita is left to pick up the ting genocide against Christians and support. In fact, between my bill and pieces. She has now lost her husband. other religious and ethnic minorities.’’ the House companion legislation, we Her own dad is battling Stage IV can- Sadly, the United States, in keeping have nine Democrats and nine Repub- cer. She is looking at a 40-percent cut with the President’s desire to lead from licans. to her survivor’s benefit. She is pre- behind, only recently decided to call it In the meantime, for the reasons I paring to sell the house that she and genocide in the face of the religious have discussed, the Department of the her husband Butch saved a lifetime for. cleansing taking place in the heart of Treasury should not accept Central She is wondering what her future is the Middle East. ISIS vows that they States’ application. They should reject going to be. She is a very strong will break our crosses and enslave our this proposal to cut benefits up to 70 woman. She worked tirelessly to save women—they are speaking of Chris- percent for some of the retirees, as we for these pensions. Now she is fighting tians—and they will place a black flag have talked about. By the way, even if to make sure all the hard work her at the top of St. Peter’s Basilica. At all the application’s positive market husband put in was not in vain. the other end of the Middle East, we assumptions play out, there is still a This is who we are fighting for. have Iran. Iran is launching test mis- 50-percent chance the pension goes Think about Butch Lewis when we siles with the words ‘‘Death to Israel’’ bankrupt anyway. This doesn’t exactly think about what we should do. Think on the tips of the ballistic missiles, in inspire confidence in this plan. I think about Rita and 400,000 other members Hebrew. they should go back to the drawing of the Central States Pension Fund. We would do well to remember the board. These are people who played by the words of an Israeli Prime Minister who By the way, I am openminded to rules. They worked hard, and yet, in said: ‘‘When someone tells you he other solutions that would provide their retirement years, they face pos- wants to kill you, believe him.’’ If you funding from inside the multiemployer sible financial ruin through no fault of think it is a problem that is over there, pension system. There are different their own. think again. Terrorism reaches our ideas out there, and we should talk This is why we need to pass the Pen- shores. It has devastated some of the about them. sion Accountability Act. We have at- great cities of the world like London, Let me finish with a story about a tempted to offer it as amendments in Paris, Brussels, Madrid, and Bali. As a guy I got to know through this process. previous legislation here over the last result of conflict, there are now a His name was Butch Lewis, from West- couple of months. We are going to con- record 60 million displaced persons— chester, OH. Butch was a star baseball tinue to do that. We are not going to men, women, and children. That is player in high school. He was drafted give up. I would hope the Senate and more than at the height of the dis- out of high school by the Pittsburgh the House would see that by giving placement of World War II. Pirates. But instead of going on to a people a voice, it gives them leverage, Responding to the dire needs of those career in baseball, he heard the call of and we can come up with a better and fleeing violence has driven a 600-per- duty and he volunteered to join the a more fair solution for everybody. cent increase in global humanitarian U.S. Army and to serve in Vietnam. He I yield back my time. aid over the past 10 years, from $3.5 bil- became an Army Ranger. He was seri- I yield to the Senator from North lion in 2004 to $20 billion in 2015. I have ously injured while rescuing fellow sol- Carolina. actually seen the human cost in ref- diers. He was sent home with a Bronze The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. ugee camps along the Turkish-Syrian Star and a Purple Heart. SASSE). The Senator from North Caro- border. I was there a couple of weeks When he came home, Butch reunited lina. ago, less than 30 miles away from the with his high school sweetheart Rita. GENOCIDE AND ATROCITIES PREVENTION ACT Syrian border in Turkey. These were He started a family, and he started Mr. TILLIS. Mr. President, April is Muslims fleeing ISIS and a blood- working, despite his injuries. He spent Genocide Awareness and Prevention thirsty dictator who unleashed chem- 40 years as a truckdriver. The lack of Month. As we remember all those who ical weapons on his own citizens. shock absorbers in those old trucks have lost their lives in the wave of ter- In the 1980s, then-Ambassador to the hurt his knees a lot. His knees had rorist violence sweeping the world, I United Nations Jeanne Kirkpatrick been injured in Vietnam in battle. Ulti- call on my Senate colleagues to join took up the cause of preventing geno- mately, it required 37 surgeries. But he the effort to make real the words cide. With the memory of Chairman kept working and never complained. He ‘‘never again’’ by cosponsoring S. 2551, Mao’s killing of 100 million still fresh sacrificed for his family and for their the Genocide and Atrocities Prevention in her mind, her attention was turned pension—to the point of foregoing pay Act. to Africa, where she saw the first raises, vacations, and other benefits in Islamic extremists are waging reli- stirrings of the genocide on the con- order to guarantee that he had a suffi- gious war so severe that the Pope of tinent, and then to Cambodia, where cient pension for retirement. They the Catholic Church and the Patriarch Pol Pot murdered over one-third of his planned on it, like you would or any- of the Greek Orthodox Church came to- nation. She urged President Reagan to body would. gether, stating: sign the convention on genocide, and Finally retired, a year ago Butch was Whole families, villages and cities of our President Reagan did just that. surprised when he received a letter in brothers and sisters in Christ are being com- President Reagan said:

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.028 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2523 We gather today to bear witness to the as Acting Under Secretary and Acting namo to the United States of America past and learn from its awful example, and Secretary of the Army. In 2016, he until there is a plan that is approved to make sure that we’re not condemned to served as the Special Assistant to the by the Congress of the United States. relive its crimes. . . . the genocide conven- Secretary of Defense. That is our obligation and our role. tion [is a] howl of anguish and an effort to He comes from a military family. He prevent and punish future acts of genocide. Now, add to that that Mr. Fanning has has two uncles who graduated from no role to play. He has no role to play I believe Congress has an important West Point and were career Army offi- in this decisionmaking as to whether leadership role to play here. We can cers. He has another uncle who is a ca- we transfer detainees from Guanta- help ensure that America has the tools reer Air Force officer. He has a cousin namo to the United States of America. to combat genocide and atrocities and who flew helicopters in the Marine When we consider nominations, we combat violent conflict. That is why I Corps and another cousin who was an should be considering the role, mission, joined Senator CARDIN in introducing Army Ranger. and responsibilities of that nominee, the Genocide and Atrocities Prevention He has senior executive leadership and, frankly, I say to my dear friend Act. experience in all three military depart- from Kansas, he has no role to play in As does the Senator from North ments and has pursued efficiencies and the whole scenario I described. Carolina, I also have a special reason transformation in every part of the De- I urge my friend, in the strongest for supporting this legislation that has partment of Defense. His most recent possible way I can, to work together the potential to fuse diplomacy, intel- experience as Acting Under Secretary with me, as we have over the last 71⁄2 ligence, and foreign aid, and in turn, and Secretary of the Army has given years on this issue of Guantanamo, and prioritize government action to pre- him a solid understanding of the chal- give the benefit of the Senator’s exper- vent future atrocities by working to- lenges currently facing the Army and tise as we bring the Defense authoriza- gether. the need to sustain a ready Army that tion bill to the floor during the last It is important to me because my will, as he said at his confirmation week in May, which is when it is sched- State, as I said earlier today, is at the hearing, deter enemies, assure allies, uled, and talk about Guantanamo. I am tip of the sphere. When diplomacy fails, build partner capacity, and be ready to totally confident and can assure the it is the 82nd Airborne and Special respond when the Nation calls. Senator from Kansas that the over- Forces from Fort Bragg or the U.S. Ma- One of the obligations—in some re- whelming majority of the Armed Serv- rines from Camp Lejeune who are going spects—that we as Senators have is the ices Committee and I am sure a major- to go resolve the conflict. We want to role of advice and consent, and that is ity in the Senate—I am totally con- avoid those conflicts. We owe it to an important role. As Senators, we also fident that the Defense authorization them to do better by putting partisan- understand that elections have con- bill will have a prohibition on the ship aside and by taking up proactive sequences, and therefore—although it transfer of detainees to the United steps to avoid sending our servicemem- is not written down anywhere—when a States of America unless there is a bers into harm’s way to confront a con- President is selected by the American plan that is approved by the Congress flict that may be able to be prevented people, then that President should be of the United States. without firing a single shot. given the benefit of the doubt as to the Finally, I understand that the Sen- Silence is the greatest enemy of free- person or persons the President wants ator from Kansas is very concerned dom. Silence led to the devastation of on his or her team. I believe it is then about this issue and has been for a long Jews in Europe. But from the ashes of our job to make the decision on wheth- time. No one understands better than the Holocaust came the State of Israel er to confirm or deny confirmation he. He was a former member of the U.S. and the vow ‘‘never again.’’ The first based on our view of the qualifications Marine Corps and is aware of the obli- President Bush reminded us: ‘‘The but with the presumption that we gations to preserve the safety and secu- words ’never again’ do not refer to the would confirm someone rather than the rity of this Nation. past; they refer to the future. presumption that we wouldn’t confirm All I can say is that the U.S. Army I yield the floor. someone. When the American people needs this man, Mr. Eric Fanning’s The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- choose their leader—the President of leadership. It is not fair to the men and ator from Arizona. the United States—then it seems to me women of the U.S. Army to be without UNANIMOUS CONSENT REQUEST—EXECUTIVE it is our obligation, unless there is a the leadership of a Secretary of the CALENDAR reason not to do so, to ensure that the Army. Mr. Fanning is eminently quali- Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, I come President has a team around him he fied to assume the role of Secretary of to the floor this afternoon with great has selected. the Army. regret, having to raise the issue of the I am stating the obvious, and Mr. I urge my friend and colleague to not pending nomination of the Secretary of Fanning is clearly qualified. He has object to the unanimous consent re- the Army. Mr. Eric Fanning has been performed well in the hearing before quest I am about to propound. nominated to be the Secretary of the the Senate Armed Services Committee. Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- Army. We have held hearings in the My friend from Kansas has objected to sent that the Senate proceed to execu- Armed Services Committee, and his Mr. Fanning being confirmed by the tive session to consider Calendar No. name has been on the calendar for con- Senate, and I will let him describe his 477, the nomination of Eric Fanning to firmation. My friend from Kansas, who reasons for objecting to the nomina- be Secretary of the Army; that the is on the floor with me—and he is my tion, but as I understand it, the Sen- nomination be confirmed, the motion dear friend of many years, despite the ator from Kansas does not want the de- to reconsider be considered made and branch in which he chose to serve in tainees from Guantanamo transferred laid upon the table; that the President the military—has been objecting to the to the State of Kansas. be immediately notified of the Senate’s confirmation of Mr. Eric Fanning as I have assured my dear friend from action, and the Senate then resume the Secretary of the Army, which is his Kansas that the Armed Services Com- legislative session. right. mittee will not approve the transfer of The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there Mr. Fanning had a distinguished ca- detainees to the United States of objection? reer. He served as Special Assistant to America unless there is a plan that will The Senator from Kansas. the Secretary of Defense and White assure the American people the cir- Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. President, reserv- House Liaison. He served as Deputy cumstances surrounding that transfer, ing the right to object. I want to make Undersecretary of the Navy and Dep- if it should ever take place, will be ap- certain that my colleagues understand uty Chief Management Officer of the propriate. The administration, after 71⁄2 my position on this matter. My hold on Navy. The Senate confirmed him, and years that I have been dealing with Eric Fanning’s nomination is not in re- he served as Under Secretary of the Air them, has no plan. I can assure the lation to his capabilities, expertise, or Force, including 6 months as Acting Senator from Kansas that the Defense character, and it is certainly not in- Secretary of the Air Force. He served authorization bill, which I assume will tended to bring undue stress to our as Chief of Staff to the Secretary of De- be made into law, will again prohibit U.S. Army. Rather, my hold on the fense, Dr. Ash Carter. Later, he served the transfer of detainees from Guanta- nominee is to protect the security of

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Is there namo Bay terrorist detainees to the I understand and share the concerns objection to the request by the Senator mainland, with Fort Leavenworth, KS, of the distinguished Senator, but if from Arizona? the intellectual center of the Army, there is any anger, concerns, or frus- Mr. ROBERTS. I object. very high on the list. trations, it should be directed at a The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objec- I have been clear, honest, and flexible White House that intends to ignore tion is heard. with the White House. I am simply ask- laws written and introduced by the The Senator from Arizona. ing that they communicate to me what Senator from Arizona himself. We Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, Mr. Fan- all those who have reviewed Fort Leav- should be speaking today, not about ning has nothing to do with the issue. enworth already know; that Fort Leav- my attempts to protect the people of We are shooting a hostage that has enworth is not a suitable replacement my State and Fort Leavenworth, we nothing to do with the decisionmaking for the detention facilities at Guanta- should be speaking about a White process. If we inaugurate a practice namo Bay. The White House has not re- House that ignores the National De- here of holding nominees over an issue ciprocated. fense Authorization Act and every ap- that is not related to those nominees, I have prepared lengthier remarks on propriations bill passed in this Cham- we are abusing our power and author- my position in this matter. At this ber since 2009. We should be angry at a ity as U.S. Senators. time, I ask unanimous consent to pro- White House that wants to bring this Secondly, the Senator from Kansas ceed for 5 additional minutes. terrorist threat to our shores without knows he cannot have the President The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there so much as an intelligence assessment call him. If he did that, he would then objection? as to the risk and benefits of such an have to call 99 other Senators who Without objection, it is so ordered. action to our citizens at home or to our would then hold up nominees because Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. President, the men and women in uniform. An intel- they have not been assured that de- senior Senator from Arizona, our dis- ligence assessment regarding these tainees will not be relocated to their tinguished chairman of the Armed concerns does not exist. States according to any plan that the Services Committee and my friend, has The administration is responsible for President may come up with. made a very impassioned plea for me to refusing to come forward with a real What we are doing is telling a nomi- remove my hold on Eric Fanning to be plan to relocate prisoners, instead of a nee who is totally and eminently quali- Secretary of the U.S. Army. I want to weak and veiled attempt to honor a fied for the job that that person cannot be very clear that as a veteran and ma- campaign promise, which is the only fulfill those responsibilities and take rine, I support the nominee for this way to characterize the actions to on that very important leadership post post. date. because of an unrelated issue that has Kansas is the proud home to two Just days ago, I received the most nothing to do with Mr. Fanning. That Army posts, Fort Leavenworth, the in- classified report from the Department is not the appropriate use of senatorial tellectual center of the Army where of Defense on moving the detainees privilege. What if we set this precedent the commandant staff school is lo- from Gitmo. This report—far from and every Senator—100 Senators— cated, and Fort Riley, home of the Big clearing up any reports—made it even adopts the practice of saying: I don’t Red One—two proud posts with very more apparent to me that it is vir- want the President to pursue a certain rich histories. tually impossible to safely relocate course of action, therefore I will hold I want the Army to have a highly terrorists at Fort Leavenworth. his or her nominees hostage until they qualified Secretary just as much as the The assessment is there. All I am take a certain course of action. That is distinguished Senator from Arizona, asking is for the White House to assure not the role of advice and consent. but it is due to my deep respect and me that Fort Leavenworth is not a via- That is a distortion of advice and con- concern for the men and women in uni- ble alternative. Cities and towns across sent. form at Fort Leavenworth, and those America are holding their collective Let me say, I will be coming back to who live and work in the region, that I breath while we await the White the floor on Mr. Fanning’s nomination. am compelled to issue my hold on the House’s judgment as to where to house It is not fair to him. He is an American President’s nominee in the first place. these detainees. citizen. He has served for years in the As I have publicly stated from the be- For those of us in the crosshairs, we service of his country, at least since ginning, and personally to Mr. Fan- are left with very few options to fight 2009 that I can see. He shouldn’t be held ning, former Army Secretary John a President who is willing to break the hostage to a policy decision that—the McHugh, and Defense Secretary Ash law. With this hold, I have used one of full Senate will act to prevent that ac- Carter, my quarrel is not with the the tools—perhaps the only tool other tion. nominee but with the President. than a filibuster—afforded to me as a I tell my colleague that the full Sen- President Obama continues to insist U.S. Senator, and I will continue to do ate, as we have the last several years, that he will close the Guantanamo Bay everything in my power to fulfill the will prohibit the transfer of detainees detention facility before he leaves of- obligations of the security of the from Guantanamo Bay until the Presi- fice, transferring the remaining detain- United States. It is what Kansans ex- dent of the United States comes for- ees to the U.S. mainland, with Fort pect and have demanded of me. ward with a plan that is approved by Leavenworth under serious consider- If the White House calls and assures the Senate. So if a plan came forward ation. Quite frankly, this is a legacy me that terrorists held at Guantanamo that contained movement of the de- item for the President. After much will not come to the Fort Leaven- tainees to Fort Leavenworth, as the study and review, I can name countless worth, I will gradually release this Senator from Kansas is worried about, reasons why this plan is wrong and it is hold immediately. As a matter of fact, then the Senate would say no. We also illegal. The President’s own Cabi- we just had a conversation with the would say no. net has acknowledged this, and the White House this morning in the hopes So, unfortunately, we have seen the Secretary of Defense and the Attorney that this could be worked out, but the Senator from Kansas take a nominee General have publicly stated that cur- White House simply would not give me who is fully qualified in every aspect— rent law prohibits the transfer of that assurance. he passed through the Senate Armed Guantanamo Bay detainees to the Make no mistake, I remain ada- Services Committee by voice vote—and mainland. Yet the President is mantly opposed to placing detainees hold him hostage to an action that the undeterred. He continues to insist it anywhere on the mainland. The distin- nominee has no ability to take, has no will be done, even if he has to resort to guished Senator from Arizona knows ability to determine, nor is it in his Executive power in defiance of the law that, and I think he shares those views. area of responsibility as Secretary of

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That is the best way he the United States in some area, we will knows this—we had a very frank con- can keep any movement of detainees to therefore hold up a nominee for an of- versation. The conversation pretty well Kansas and to Fort Leavenworth. And fice which they are not in any way re- ended up: I can’t give you that assur- at the same time, the President of the lated to—that is not the way the Sen- ance, but we won’t surprise you; i.e., if United States, despite your hold on Mr. ate should behave. we have an Executive order and we are Fanning, may act by Executive order. Mr. ROBERTS. Will my friend from moving detainees into Fort Leaven- Nothing you are doing by prohibiting Arizona yield? worth, we will certainly tell you. Mr. Fanning from being confirmed to a Mr. MCCAIN. Sure. I will be glad to So I can’t release this hold, as I did post he is well qualified for—to lead yield to my friend. in 2009. I don’t think the statute of lim- the U.S. Army—will have any effect Mr. ROBERTS. Well, if this is a bad itations is here with regard to the pre- whatsoever on an Executive order by precedent and all that the distin- vious assurance I got from the White the President of the United States. guished chairman of the Armed Serv- House. If there is, maybe it is because Mr. ROBERTS. Will the Senator ices Committee has said it is with re- that is—when the legal counsel left, all yield again for one last comment? gard to my actions, I will remind him of a sudden we were back to where we Mr. MCCAIN. Yes. that there has been a precedent before are. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- this time. The year was 2009, and this So the ball is in the court of the ator from Kansas. issue came up. Obviously, it was a cam- White House. All they have to do is Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. President, every paign promise by the President. There give me another call and indicate that Senator listening to this—every person was a lot of concern, a lot of frustra- things will be fine. I am not telling listening to this—should understand, tion, a lot of anger. I asked myself at them what language to use or anything with the summation the Senator has that particular time what on Earth I else. just given, what an outstanding chair- could do to stop this effort to move de- I might add that there are two other man of the Senate Armed Services tainees to Fort Leavenworth. Again, I Senators who are very concerned about Committee he has been and what a would stress that it is the intellectual this—Senator TIM SCOTT of South stalwart he has been for our men and center of the Army. The commander Carolina and the distinguished Senator women in uniform. I cannot think of a from Colorado, CORY GARDNER. staff school is there—think Pershing, chairman—and there have been a lot of I thank the Senator for yielding. very great chairmen in the Senate think Eisenhower, think MacArthur, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Armed Services Committee, but none think Petraeus. Bad fit. Sixteen thou- ator from Arizona. so well qualified as the Senator from sand people at Leavenworth have Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, just signed a petition saying no to the de- quickly, facts are stubborn things, I Arizona. His remarks are right on tainees. say to my friend from Kansas. The rea- point with regard to his point of view. Back then, in 2009, John McHugh—a son there hasn’t been movement of the His remarks sing, if you will, in behalf wonderful Congressman, a great friend detainees is because the action of the of our national defense. He is a great to me, and a great Secretary of the Senate Armed Services Committee in friend. He is a personal friend. I respect Army—was being nominated. I took the authorization bill prohibited such a him more than he knows, and I appre- the very same action, I would tell the thing from happening. It has nothing ciate him. I think he mentioned Eric distinguished Senator from Arizona, to do with any hold or no hold that the Fanning to be Secretary of the Navy. and put a hold on John. Senator from Kansas has. Let’s be very That might be an alternative. But at I called him up. I said: John, I have clear about that. And whether Eric any rate, I want to thank him for his some bad news and some good news. Fanning is confirmed or not, it does remarks. He said: Well, give me the bad news. not change the situation one iota—not But if this has no bearing on any- I said: Somebody here in the Senate one iota. thing, why did the White House call me has put a hold on you. I have assured the Senator from Kan- just before we came down here trying He said: Who on Earth would do that? sas that the Senate Armed Services to work it out? And saying that in I said: It is me. Committee—I know enough about my 2009—OK, they did let me know that He was a little stunned—I think a own committee to know that they will Fort Leavenworth was not being con- lot—and would probably make the be passing again, as we have for the sidered. As I say again, there is no same statement and speech the Sen- last several years, a prohibition on the statute of limitations, I don’t think, ator from Arizona has given. movement of detainees until there is a except just ‘‘Oh well, by the way, we I said: Not to worry. All that has to plan. And in 2009 or whenever it was, I are going to change our mind’’ and a happen is for the administration to am sure they had no plan at that time couple of little campaign assurances by give me assurance—it could be vocal; I because they came to see me and I told the President saying ‘‘Well, we can al- don’t expect him to write it down— them to come up with a plan. ways use an Executive order’’—not to that the detainees will not be moved to So the Senator’s actions have noth- mention his Press Secretary. So if Fort Leavenworth. ing to do with whether or not the there is nothing to bear here—this John went to work to try to carry President closes Guantanamo and doesn’t have any relationship to the that message to the administration. I transfers them, and the Senator’s ac- issue at hand—why did the White am not saying that Eric Fanning tion right now has nothing to do with House call and say ‘‘Well, we will make should do that, but John McHugh did. whether or not the President of the a decision down the road, but we won’t And it wasn’t very long after that that United States will decide to close surprise you’’? the legal counsel from the White Guantanamo by Executive order and I shouldn’t even be talking about this House—and I won’t get into names move them to Leavenworth. There is with regard to the communications here—called me and assured me that nothing he is doing by withholding this this morning. So I just disagree with would be the case. I immediately lifted nomination that would in any way in- my good friend. I thank him for his the hold. hibit the President from acting. The leadership, and I thank him for his po- So there is a precedent in 2009, and it only thing that will inhibit the Presi- sition. Were I in his position, I prob- worked. dent from acting is the aye vote of Sen- ably would be saying the same thing. Again, I really regret—my hold on ator from Kansas on the Defense au- Mr. MCCAIN. May I just say, Mr. Eric Fanning’s nomination is not in re- thorization bill which will be on the President, that I hope my dear friend lation to his capabilities, his expertise, floor at the end of May and which will from Kansas—we are about to go into a his character, and certainly not in- have a prohibition for the transfer of week-long recess—would do as he al- tended to bring undue stress to the those detainees. ways does, and that is contemplate and

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00023 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.033 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2526 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 communicate, as he does with the peo- the President cares about it as well. The bill clerk read as follows: ple of Kansas, who have honored him But I have worked hard to get Senators CLOTURE MOTION for so much time here in the Congress a right to offer germane amendments. We, the undersigned Senators, in accord- of the United States. Maybe hopefully Some Senators have chosen to with- ance with the provisions of rule XXII of the we could work this out with the cer- draw their amendments in order to Standing Rules of the Senate, do hereby tain knowledge and my assurance that keep the bill moving along, but Sen- move to bring to a close debate on Senate amendment No. 3801 to Calendar No. 96, H.R. I am 100 percent confident that the ator COTTON has a right to offer his 2028, an act making appropriations for en- Senate Armed Services Committee will amendment on the bill, and I support ergy and water development and related report a bill that will become law that him in doing that. He has been emi- agencies for the fiscal year ending Sep- prohibits the transfer of the detainees nently reasonable. He has offered to tember 30, 2016, and for other purposes. from Guantanamo to anywhere in the modify it. He has offered to do it at an- Mitch McConnell, Lamar Alexander, United States of America until there is other time. He has offered to vote it at Jerry Moran, John Boozman, Steve a plan that is approved by Congress, 60 votes or to vote it by voice vote. So Daines, Richard Burr, Roy Blunt, Orrin and I want to give him that confidence. far, we have not had any agreement. G. Hatch, John Hoeven, John Thune, His passion that he has displayed If we do not succeed, I am going to Thad Cochran, Roger F. Wicker, Mark Kirk, John McCain, Lindsey Graham, here is ample evidence for why the peo- keep working with Senator FEINSTEIN, Johnny Isakson, Pat Roberts. ple of Kansas hold him with such affec- the Democratic and Republican lead- The PRESIDING OFFICER. By unan- tion and respect. He is fighting for ers, and with Senator COTTON in the imous consent, the mandatory quorum hopes that when we come back next what he believes is in the best interests call has been waived. of the people whom he represents so Monday, we will have a suitable solu- The question is, Is it the sense of the well and honorably. tion and we will vote still again on fin- Senate that debate on amendment No. I hope he will have the opportunity, ishing the Energy and Water appropria- 3801, offered by the Senator from Ten- as we go into recess next week, to talk tions bill. nessee, Mr. ALEXANDER, as amended, to with his constituents and think about Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- H.R. 2028, shall be brought to a close, this and think about my assurance sent to speak for 2 more minutes. upon reconsideration? that we will not—we will not—approve The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without The yeas and nays are mandatory of a transfer of detainees from Guanta- objection, it is so ordered. under the rule. namo Bay unless it is in compliance Mr. ALEXANDER. Over the last year The clerk will call the roll. with the law that we will pass. and 5 months the White House has The bill clerk called the roll. I thank my colleague. threatened 87 vetoes. That is about one Mr. CORNYN. The following Senators I know the Senator from Tennessee is every week and a half. If we shut down are necessarily absent: the Senator waiting. the Senate and stopped our work every from Texas (Mr. CRUZ) and the Senator I yield the floor. time the President threatened a veto, from Wisconsin (Mr. JOHNSON). The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- we would be here about 3 or 4 hours Mr. DURBIN. I announce that the ator from Tennessee. every Monday afternoon. Senator from New Jersey (Mr. BOOKER), Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. President, When we say to the President: Your the Senator from California (Mrs. within a few minutes we will be voting budget is dead on arrival, he sends us BOXER), and the Senator from Vermont on whether to cut off debate on the En- his budget anyway. (Mr. SANDERS) are necessarily absent. ergy and Water appropriations bill and The way to handle a veto threat is THE PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. move to finish the bill. I hope my col- the way we did it with the national de- HOEVEN). Are there any other Senators leagues on both sides of the aisle will fense act, which is to say: All right, in the Chamber desiring to vote? vote yes. Mr. President, if you want to veto it, The yeas and nays resulted—yeas 52, This is a bill the Senator from Cali- you may. We sent it to him, and he did. nays 43, as follows: fornia and I have worked on carefully It came back, and the offending provi- [Rollcall Vote No. 65 Leg.] with Members on both sides of the sion was taken out. A better way to do YEAS—52 aisle. More than 80 Senators have made it might be that the President says: I Alexander Ernst Paul contributions to the bill. We considered will veto the education bill. We worked Ayotte Flake Perdue 18 amendments on the floor. This is a with him, and we sent him a version Barrasso Gardner Portman Blunt Graham that he could sign. Risch bill which is about half national de- Boozman Grassley Roberts fense and about half essential services. My plea with my friends on the Burr Hatch Rounds These include dredging harbors and Democratic side, as well as on the Re- Capito Heitkamp Rubio publican side, is let’s not let the White Cassidy Hoeven Scott building locks and dams. These include Coats Inhofe Sessions our 17 National Laboratories and keep- House lead us around by the nose and Cochran Isakson Shelby tell us we can’t consider a bill just be- Collins Kirk ing us first in the world in supercom- Sullivan puting. It is within the Budget Control cause there is a veto threat. We should Corker Lankford Cornyn Manchin Thune Act, and it is the part of the budget consider the bill. We are a coequal Cotton McCain Tillis that is flat. In other words, it is a part branch of government. We should do Crapo McConnell Toomey of the budget that is reasonably under what we think we ought to do—defeat Daines Menendez Vitter it or pass it. Then, if the President Donnelly Moran Wicker control, not the part that is not. Enzi Murkowski It is also the first time since 2009 chooses to veto it, that is his constitu- that this Energy and Water appropria- tional prerogative, and most of the NAYS—43 tions bill has had the opportunity to go time, if we know that is going to hap- Baldwin Heller Reed pen, the offending provision comes out. Bennet Hirono Reid across the floor in the regular order. It Blumenthal Kaine Sasse is the earliest appropriations bill that I ask for a ‘‘yes’’ vote. I hope that it Brown King Schatz has been considered by the Senate succeeds. If it doesn’t, we will be hav- Cantwell Klobuchar Schumer Cardin Leahy C ONNELL ing the same exact vote a week from Shaheen since 1974. Senator M C and Carper Lee Senator REID picked this bill because next Monday when we come back, and Stabenow Casey Markey Tester Coons McCaskill they thought Senator FEINSTEIN and I I will do my best to help that succeed. Udall Durbin Merkley could work with Members of the Sen- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under Warner Feinstein Mikulski the previous order, the motion to pro- Warren ate to establish a model for how to deal Fischer Murphy with the remainder of the appropria- ceed to the motion to reconsider the Franken Murray Whitehouse tions process, and we hope that proves cloture vote on amendment No. 3801 is Gillibrand Nelson Wyden to be true. agreed to and the motion to reconsider Heinrich Peters We have run into one issue, and that is agreed to. NOT VOTING—5 is an amendment by the Senator from CLOTURE MOTION Booker Cruz Sanders Arkansas regarding Iran. That is a pro- Pursuant to rule XXII, the Chair lays Boxer Johnson vocative amendment—I understand before the Senate the pending cloture The PRESIDING OFFICER. On this that—on both sides of the aisle, and motion, which the clerk will state. vote, the yeas are 52, the nays are 43.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00024 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.034 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2527 Three-fifths of the Senators duly cho- crats, Republicans? It is a common be- Fair Sentencing Act. You see, we had a sen and sworn not having voted in the lief that we bring to this that at this disparity in sentencing so that those affirmative, upon reconsideration, the moment in history, we need to take an who were found guilty of selling and motion is rejected. honest look at the incarceration policy using crack cocaine were sentenced at The majority leader. in America. 100 times the standard of powder co- CLOTURE MOTION The United States of America has 5 caine. There was a reason for it, but it Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I percent of the world’s population and turned out not to be valid. Yet for send a cloture motion to the desk for 25 percent of the world’s prisoners. years this was the standard. We were the Alexander substitute amendment Over the last 35 years, we have in- filling our prisons primarily with Afri- No. 3801. creased the number of Federal pris- can Americans on crack offenses, and if The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clo- oners by anywhere from 800 percent to they were repeat offenders—three ture motion having been presented 900 percent. We are building Federal times and you are out, three strikes under rule XXII, the Chair directs the prisons as fast as you can imagine, and and you are out—they could be sen- clerk to read the motion. they are dramatically overcrowded. tenced for long periods of time. The bill clerk read as follows: It raises the obvious question: Are we Senator SESSIONS and I decided to CLOTURE MOTION safer? If we spend $30,000 a year to in- change it. We reduced the disparity be- We, the undersigned Senators, in accord- carcerate a person, take them off the tween crack and powder, and we have ance with the provisions of rule XXII of the streets and away from their family, are seen a dramatic downturn not only in Standing Rules of the Senate, do hereby we safer because of it? In some cases, those serving times for crack cocaine move to bring to a close debate on Senate we clearly are. Our first obligation is offenses and selling them but also the amendment No. 3801 to Calendar No. 96, H.R. public safety. If someone is a threat- arrests that are being made today. 2028, an act making appropriations for en- ening, deadly, violent criminal, they This bill we just announced in a press ergy and water development and related ought to be taken off the streets as conference—the latest version and I agencies for the fiscal year ending Sep- tember 30, 2016, and for other purposes. long as they are a menace or a danger think a good version—is another step Mitch McConnell, Tim Scott, Marco to society. But the largest increase in forward. It will give judges more dis- Rubio, Michael B. Enzi, Daniel Coats, the Federal prison population during cretion in sentencing below the manda- Cory Gardner, Roy Blunt, John Cor- the period I just described is for non- tory minimum on an individual case- nyn, Mike Rounds, James Lankford, violent offenders, people who have sold by-case basis. Roger F. Wicker, Thad Cochran, Lamar drugs in America. A young man whom I have come to Alexander, Johnny Isakson, David Vit- The problem is made worse because know is Alton Mills. Alton is from Chi- ter, Patrick J. Toomey, Rand Paul. we decided 25 or 30 years ago to create cago, IL. In the year 1994 at the age of Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I mandatory minimum sentences. What 24, Alton Mills was given a mandatory ask unanimous consent that the man- it meant was that when the judge sen- sentence of life in prison without pa- datory quorum call be waived. tenced someone, there was an absolute role for a low-level, nonviolent drug of- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without floor they couldn’t go below regardless fense. This man had never served 1 day objection, it is so ordered. of the circumstances. Needless to say, in prison in his life, and at age 24 he re- Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I that resulted in the miscarriage of jus- ceived a life acceptance. I appealed to suggest the absence of a quorum. tice in many cases. President Obama to use his Executive The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sadly, it isn’t just a matter of longer authority to give Alton Mills another clerk will call the roll. sentences. We have seen some dispari- chance. Just before Christmas last The bill clerk proceeded to call the ties and injustice that we have to be year, the President commuted his sen- roll. very honest about, as painful as it is to tence, and Alton Mills was released Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I ask describe them. For instance, the major- after 22 years in Federal prison. unanimous consent that the order for ity of illegal drug users and drug deal- He was there today in a meeting we the quorum call be rescinded. ers in America are White. Three-quar- had with his mom. She never gave up The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without ters of all the people incarcerated for on him. She was the one who appealed objection, it is so ordered. drug offenses are African American and to me initially to take a look at her SENTENCING REFORM AND CORRECTIONS ACT Latino, and the large majority of those son’s case. His attorney, a dynamic Af- Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, there who are being sentenced under manda- rican-American woman named MiAngel are a lot of divisions on Capitol Hill, tory minimum sentences are African Cody, really closed the deal as she de- and the press spends a lot of time re- American and Latino. scribed this case in detail and how un- porting differences between Democrats Let’s be very honest about this. In fortunate it was that a 24-year-old man and Republicans in the House and the my State of Illinois, I have to be be- would receive a life sentence for low- Senate. I think that is one of the rea- cause in the city of Chicago and other level, nonviolent drug offenses. sons the press conference I just left is communities, we are going through a He is not alone. There are hundreds noteworthy, because at this press con- very candid and painful discussion more just like him serving mandatory ference, we had equal numbers of about the issues of race and justice. We life sentences for third-strike sen- Democratic Senators and Republican have to be honest. We are incarcerating tences. The Sentencing Reform and Senators talking about a bill that we minorities in this country at dramati- Corrections Act, which Senator GRASS- hope to move forward on the floor of cally higher percentages than we LEY and I have introduced, would the Senate. The bill relates to criminal should. The reason I say that goes back eliminate this mandatory life sentence. justice reform. to the original point: The majority of This change alone would change the I am pleased to cosponsor this legis- illegal drug users and sellers in Amer- sentencing for many who are currently lation with Senator CHUCK GRASSLEY, ica are White; three-quarters of those serving in Federal prisons. the Republican chairman of the Senate in prison are not. The bill was reported out of the Judi- Judiciary Committee. We are proud to As a result of mandatory minimums, ciary Committee in its original form have the support as well of Senator the families of nonviolent offenders are by a vote of 15 to 5—a good, strong LEAHY and Senator MIKE LEE of Utah, separated for years on end, and a dis- vote. We have picked up an additional who was one of the original authors of proportionate number of them are peo- number of Republican sponsors since this bill 3 years ago when we both in- ple of color. This is destroying commu- we have made some other changes in troduced it. We also have the support nities, damaging and destroying fami- the bill. I thank Senator LEE for join- of the Republican whip, JOHN CORNYN lies, and, sadly, eroding faith in our ing me in initially introducing this of Texas; SHELDON WHITEHOUSE of criminal justice system. bill. Rhode Island; and many others who In 2010 I worked with Senator JEFF There are so many people who are have joined this effort. SESSIONS of Alabama. He is a very con- counting on this legislation, not just What is it about this bill that could servative Republican but one of my those families who have someone serv- bring people together who are so dif- colleagues and friends on the Senate ing time in prison but many people ferent—liberals, conservatives, Demo- Judiciary Committee. We passed the across the board—Black, White, and

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00025 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.038 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2528 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 Brown—who want to see us restore training skills, addiction counseling and from the conservative side, such as Mi- faith in the system of criminal justice. other productive activities. According to a chael Mukasey, former Attorney Gen- We had an amazing endorsement of report primarily authored by the National eral. Everyone knows him to be a our bill. Center for State Courts, ‘‘properly designed and operated recidivism-reduction programs tough prosecutor. He endorses our bill. Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- can significantly reduce offender recidivism. Others have come forward. They under- sent to have printed in the RECORD the Such programs are more effective, and more stand that it is time to step back and letter of endorsement. cost-effective, than incarceration in reduc- take an honest look at where we are There being no objection, the mate- ing crime rates.’’ today. rial was ordered to be printed in the As part of the broader legislation, the Cor- This criminal justice reform bill will RECORD, as follows: rections Act requires the development of a bring some sanity to our corrections risk assessment tool that will categorize in- NATIONAL DISTRICT mates based on their risk of recidivism and system, and it will save us money. ATTORNEYS ASSOCIATION, subsequently determine which types of pro- Roughly one-fourth of the Department Alexandria, Virginia, April 26, 2016. gramming are most tailored to that individ- of Justice appropriations now goes into Hon. MITCH MCCONNELL, ual’s needs and risks. This is an important prisons. By the year 2030, it will be 30 Majority Leader, U.S. Senate, step in targeting at risk populations and pro- percent. As Senator LEE said, we are Washington, DC. viding the necessary resources to rehabili- spending more money on prisons than Hon. HARRY REID, tate those individuals with the eventual goal Democratic Leader, U.S. Senate, we are spending in the Department of of returning to our communities as produc- Justice on the FBI and the Drug En- Washington, DC. tive citizens. At the same time, appropriate DEAR MAJORITY LEADER MCCONNELL AND parameters are set for who is eligible to earn forcement Administration combined. DEMOCRATIC LEADER REID: On behalf of the good time credit for completion of the recidi- What if we could reduce that prison National District Attorneys Association vism reduction programming in order to population in a responsible, sensible (NDAA), the largest prosecutor organization keep the most dangerous and high-risk indi- way that doesn’t endanger public safe- representing 2500 elected and appointed Dis- viduals from being eligible for early release ty but gives us resources that could be trict Attorneys across the United States as to community supervision and off the used by the Department of Justice for well as 30,000 assistant district attorneys, I streets. law enforcement, for dealing with the write in support of S. 2123, the Sentencing We are especially appreciative of the provi- Reform and Corrections Act of 2015. As a re- sion in the legislation requiring an annual heroin epidemic across America and sult of months of changes and good faith ne- report by the Attorney General outlining making our neighborhoods truly safe? gotiations, our organization feels the latest how savings accrued from modifications to What if we could take part of that and version of the bill strikes the appropriate federal sentencing will be reinvested into ef- invest it in the lives of young people balance between targeting the highest level forts by federal, state and local prosecutors before they turn to gangs, before they drug traffickers plaguing our communities, and law enforcement to go after drug traf- turn to drugs, and before they turn to while simultaneously decreasing crime rates fickers and gangs, as well as provide the nec- guns? That could literally change the and addressing the burgeoning prison popu- essary training and tools needed to carry out lation. investigations, keep officers safe, and ensure face of a great city such as Chicago and America’s federal, state, local and tribal successful programming and initiatives are the great Nation we live in. prosecutors have as their primary responsi- duplicated across communities in the form This is a historic bill—not just be- bility the administration of justice. Every- of best practices. Unfortunately, as the Bu- cause Democrats and Republicans have day, prosecutors have to make tough judg- reau of Prison’s (BOP) budget has continued come to support it; it is historic be- ment calls. Sometimes, that judgment call to rise, funding for state and local law en- cause we are tackling one of the tough- involves locking up individuals for a long pe- forcement grants has been slashed to the est issues of our time. We are doing it riod of time for a heinous crime that dam- bone negatively impacting innovative work in a thoughtful, careful, bipartisan, aged a community. More often, we work hard in the field including diversion programs, up- to provide second chances and concerted ef- dating of information sharing systems, and and respectful manner. I happen to be- forts are made to rehabilitate an individual hot spot policing. This language is an ac- lieve that is what the Senate should be with the goal of reducing the chance that he knowledgement that vital funding streams all about. or she will reoffend back into the system. to prosecutors and law enforcement must be I look forward to encouraging my As we have seen from the cost curve pub- restored to protect the communities we colleagues who have not signed on as lished by the National Academy of Sciences, serve. cosponsors to do so as quickly as pos- the current prison population is simply The members of NDAA are acutely aware sible. unsustainable and continues to have a great- that our federal partners need to have the I yield the floor. er and greater impact on broader funding ability to allocate resources to state pros- ecutors to help combat human trafficking, I suggest the absence of a quorum. and programming at the Department of Jus- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The tice. Budget aside, communities across this domestic violence, the scourge of prescrip- country have shifted to embrace rehabilita- tion drug addiction, and so many other ills clerk will call the roll. tion and the opinion that certain individuals that plague our communities. Absent mean- The bill clerk proceeded to call the in our federal prison system are serving sen- ingful sentencing reform, where the truly roll. tences that are too long compared to the dangerous are locked up for an appropriate Ms. KLOBUCHAR. Mr. President, I crime they committed. This legislation aims period of time and those with addiction or ask unanimous consent that the order to strike the appropriate balance of time mental health issues have the chance for for the quorum call be rescinded. served and the relevant crime by modifying treatment and rehabilitation, those needed The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without the three strikes rule for drug felonies, with resources will not exist. objection, it is so ordered. a third strike now carrying a 25-year penalty We applaud the bipartisan leadership of the DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY as opposed to life, and second strike carrying Senators and staff who have spent consider- a 15-year sentence instead of 20 years. Appro- able time working on this compromise legis- Ms. KLOBUCHAR. Mr. President, I priately so, the bill expands the three strikes lation. Their tireless efforts have included rise today as the cochair of the Rare rule to apply to serious violent felonies, en- open and transparent communication with Disease Congressional Caucus in rec- suring that we use prison for those we are our organization and members, which has ognition of patients with Duchenne afraid of, not those whom we are mad at not gone unnoticed. We look forward to muscular dystrophy and the loved ones based on their behavior. working with both of you and other Senators and staff in the weeks ahead to move this bi- who care for them. One previous concern our members high- Duchenne is a devastating, rare dis- lighted was the retroactive nature of many partisan legislation forward. provisions in the original bill. The new Respectfully, ease that primarily affects boys and version takes into account that concern by WILLIAM FITZPATRICK, young men. There is no cure. It is 100 limiting the retroactivity where applicable if President, National District Attorneys percent fatal. There are no approved an individual’s record contains any serious Association. disease-modifying treatments at this violent felony. We feel this filters out the Mr. DURBIN. The National District time, but we want to give them hope. truly dangerous individuals who should stay Attorneys Association, which is the In 1999, there were no human clinical out of the community, while allowing lower largest group of criminal prosecutors trials for Duchenne. Today, there are level offenders a chance for redemption. in America, has endorsed our criminal 22 observational trials currently under- Our members also realize that as we see the same offenders reenter the criminal jus- justice reform bill. We have brought way. Life expectancy rates have in- tice system time and time again, we must be together an incredible coalition. I am creased by about 10 years in just the creative and come up with innovative pro- proud to have not only the civil rights past decade. The FDA has more tools grams to reduce recidivism, including job community, but we also have others in its toolbox than ever to accelerate

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00026 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.040 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2529 approvals of safe and effective eases, such as Duchenne, as it reviews The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Duchenne therapies, but we would like drugs and therapies. Last month this objection, it is so ordered. more therapies to be approved in the bipartisan bill unanimously passed the f future. Senate Health, Education, Labor, and MORNING BUSINESS Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the Pensions Committee, bringing us one most common fatal genetic disorder di- step closer to ensuring strong patient Mr. ISAKSON. Mr. President, I ask agnosed in childhood, affecting ap- engagement throughout the FDA re- unanimous consent that the Senate be proximately 1 in every 3,500 male chil- view process. in a period of morning business, with dren. The disease results in the gradual At an FDA meeting on Monday, there Senators permitted to speak therein loss of muscle strength, usually begin- was one example of patient involve- for up to 10 minutes each. ning before age 5. The progressive mus- ment in the drug approval process. It The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without cle weakness leads to serious medical was a meeting that broke records. Ac- objection, it is so ordered. problems, particularly issues related to cording to advocates, it was the largest f the hearts and lungs. By age 14, over 80 gathering of Duchenne families in his- VETERANS FIRST ACT percent of these boys are using wheel- tory. More than 900 members of their chairs. community were there. In fact, turnout Mr. ISAKSON. Mr. President, this My work on Duchenne muscular dys- was so large the FDA changed the morning at 11 a.m., a big event hap- trophy began when I was elected to the meeting location to accommodate ev- pened in Washington, DC, on the third Senate. It was an issue my dear friend eryone. floor of this building when all members and former Minnesota Senator, Paul Many stories were shared during the of the Veterans’ Affairs Committee, Wellstone, championed. Paul was in- daylong meeting—stories of hope, sto- Republican and Democrat alike, intro- strumental in getting the Muscular ries of progress. Even seemingly small duced what we call the Veterans First Dystrophy Community Assistance Re- improvements—such as the ability to Act—a comprehensive overhaul of the search and Education Act—or as it is open a bottle of water on their own or Veterans’ Administration to bring known, the MD-CARE Act—signed into lift their arm a little higher—make a about accountability in services to our law back in 2001. huge difference in the quality of these veterans by the Veterans’ Administra- The bill dramatically increased in- boys’ lives. These small victories have tion. Every member of the committee, vestment at the National Institutes of a ripple effect across a lifetime. Republican and Democrat alike, came Health for muscular dystrophy re- Monday’s historic event shows the to that press conference. search and included funding for the strength of the Duchenne community, I want to start by thanking Senator creation of six centers of excellence. In the passion of the families, and the RICHARD BLUMENTHAL of Connecticut, recognition of his work, all of the cen- hope that treatments are on the hori- who is my ranking member on the ters share Senator Paul Wellstone’s zon. This particular treatment was not committee, for his efforts and his work name. The bill also supported public approved that day, but we continue to over the last 10 months to help make health policies designed to improve hold hope that change will be on the this a reality, and each and every quality of life and boost life expect- horizon. member of the committee for the work ancy of children and adults diagnosed The fight against muscular dys- they did. In the end, we adopted 148 with muscular dystrophy. trophy will not be won overnight, but provisions of the Senate to amend, re- Since passage of the MD-CARE Act, we have already seen incredible construct, and hold accountable the $500 million has been leveraged for progress in the last few years. I am Veterans’ Administration. muscular dystrophy research and edu- confident that by working together— I don’t know about the Presiding Of- cation programs, half of which is by bringing families to the table with ficer, but every morning when I wake Duchenne-specific. I then led the reau- policymakers and health care experts— up in Washington, DC, and turn on the thorization of the MD-CARE Act in we can accomplish some truly remark- TV, whether it is CNN, FOX, or a local 2008, and it passed the Senate by unani- able things. station, one of the lead stories is about mous consent. In 2014, Senator ROGER One of the reasons Senator WICKER a tragedy in the Veterans’ Administra- WICKER and I led the MD-CARE and I fought so hard to have the FDA tion. This morning, in preparing for Amendments of 2014, which built upon officials listen directly to the families this press conference I didn’t turn on the progress by ensuring that efforts is that when you know your child has the TV until after I read my notes. are focused on the most critical needs a disease that is 100 percent fatal, you After I read my notes, I turned on the of doctors, patients, and researchers. might take different risks. You might TV, and what, to my dismay, did I see? These are important accomplishments, see different improvements in a dif- In Chicago, IL, at the Veterans’ Ad- but more needs to be done. ferent way than a medical professional ministration hospital, they found cock- The Food and Drug Administration who does not have this experience. We roaches in the food of our veterans. Safety and Innovation Act of 2012 gave hope going forward this kind of experi- What kind of accountability is that in the FDA increased flexibility to grant ence and testimony and information the Veterans’ Administration? For our accelerated approval for rare disease will make for better decisions by the veterans to be fed food with vermin in treatments that have proven to be ben- FDA. it is ridiculous and crazy. eficial. The bill also directed the FDA We need to continue to ensure the We all know what happened in Ari- to use patient-focused drug develop- FDA has the tools and flexibility it zona a few years ago when appoint- ment tools during the drug approval needs to increase the number of safe, ments were manipulated, so veterans process. The idea is simple: Patient ex- effective, and affordable treatments missed their appointments, and three perience should be a factor when the that are available for people with rare veterans died. We know what happened FDA considers a drug for approval. diseases. I also thank Senator HATCH, in Atlanta, where we had an outbreak This gives the FDA the opportunity to who has done a lot of work with me on of suicide by people who couldn’t get to hear directly from patients, their fami- the rare disease issue, and we will con- mental health services in time. We lies, and caregivers about the symp- tinue to push for cures for people who know what happened when cost over- toms that matter most to them, the have so little hope. runs went awry in Denver, CO. When impact the disease has on patients’ I thank the Chair, and I yield the the costs of the hospital got out of line, daily lives, and their experiences with floor. the Veterans’ Administration didn’t treatments. I suggest the absence of a quorum. know how to control it. To build upon that progress, Senator The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Every time we turn around, there is WICKER and I introduced the Patient- clerk will call the roll. no accountability in the Veterans’ Ad- Focused Impact Assessment Act. The The senior assistant legislative clerk ministration, so our committee decided bill would help advocates understand proceeded to call the roll. it is our job to see to it that our vet- how the FDA uses patient-focused drug Mr. ISAKSON. Mr. President, I ask erans get what they deserve and what development tools and how it engages unanimous consent that the order for they fought for for us; that is, a Vet- patients, including those with rare dis- the quorum call be rescinded. erans’ Administration that delivers on

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00027 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.042 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2530 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 the promise of good health care, good try—can get the same type of stipend curity today in this country had mil- benefits, and the appreciation of a and benefit that someone who has lions of Americans not volunteered to grateful country for the sacrifice each fought in Iraq or Afghanistan gets. It is fight and risk their lives so that we of them made. only fair to see to it that they get the could be free, so that I could speak To begin with, we want to make sure same benefit and the same treatment. freely on the floor of the Senate about the Secretary of the VA can fire some- It is also only fair to see to it that what I believe and the Presiding Offi- body and make it stick. A few months Secretary McDonald himself can be cer could speak freely about what he ago, the Merit Systems Protection held accountable. Bob McDonald is a believes and we could go home and as- Board overruled the firing of two good Secretary. He has done a good job. semble and gather together. All of Philadelphia employees of the Vet- He has tried his best, but he hasn’t had those are guaranteed by our Constitu- erans’ Administration and reinstated the tools he needs. Well, we want to tion—a document which is preserved them with pay with no reason except give him those tools. We want to give and memorialized not by the paper it is they didn’t like the way in which they him the chance to have discipline. We written on but by the veterans who were fired. want to give him the chance to find the sacrificed and risked their lives to see If we go around the country, we find people he needs to put in place. One of to it that it was preserved. out that the Veterans’ Administra- the provisions in this bill allows the I am very proud to be chairman of tion’s best way to discipline somebody Secretary to hire physicians, directors, the Veterans’ Affairs Committee. I am is to move them from one city to an- and hospital administrators who are proud to have served with RICHARD other, from one hospital to another, or capable of doing the job and pay them BLUMENTHAL as ranking member and from one location to another. Moving what the market will bear. Why not all the members of the committee problems around doesn’t solve prob- have good people who can do the job whose contributions to this legislation lems. They just give the problem to rather than temporary people who have made it a great piece of legisla- somebody else. It is time that if some- don’t want to do the job? Right now in tion—one that we should pass. I hope body deserves to be fired for their lack the Veterans’ Administration, fully a we do so before Memorial Day, so on of performance or their poor perform- third of its leadership is temporary, the day we honor those who have ance, we put our veterans first and not permanent. We need a permanent fought for us and sacrificed, we send make sure they are getting the atten- commitment to our veterans that they them the signal: We have got your tion they should get. If somebody is are going to get the services they de- back and we are putting you first. We not willing to do their job or cannot do serve and the services they need. are putting America’s veterans first. their job, then they are terminated. I could go on and on about this legis- I want to pause for a second at the We don’t want to go through and lation, but the important thing to un- end of my remarks and thank some take the rank-and-file, good employees derstand is that we are finally putting people for all the efforts they have of the Veterans’ Administration and our veterans first. We are telling the made over the past 10 months to make tell them ‘‘We don’t like you, we don’t Veterans’ Administration: We appre- this a reality. As the Presiding Officer appreciate you, and we don’t trust ciate the good job you do, but we want knows, legislation doesn’t just happen. you,’’ but we want to tell those who to make sure it is 100 percent of the We Senators make a lot of speeches. don’t want to be held accountable, time, not just 85 or 90 or 95 percent of We are full of a lot of hot air. But the those who are not doing their job, that the time. hard work that goes on is done in the we are watching. We want to make sure they are put- back rooms of the Capitol, in the com- We are going to encourage whistle- ting our veterans first. We want to mittees, by the people who do the re- blowers to tell us where the problems make sure that somebody who makes a search to find the pay-fors, to make are. We created an independent office mental health call to a veterans hos- the decisions that have to be made to in this act for whistleblower status pital doesn’t get a busy signal or a see to it that a piece of legislation within the VA, so the VA itself is solic- wrong number. We want to make sure works and is not just a hollow promise. iting input within its own organization that when somebody makes an appoint- I thank Tom Bowman, my chief of to point out those who may not be ment and then shows up, there is some- staff on the Veterans’ Affairs Com- doing a good job. We need the VA to body there to meet them for that ap- mittee, for the work he has done. I have a culture of support for our vet- pointment. We want to make sure that thank Amanda Meredith, Maureen erans, not a corruption of our veterans. the services veterans earned, fought O’Neill, Adam Reece, David Shearman, It is critical that we do that. for, and in many cases sacrificed for, Gretchen Blum, Jillian Workman, Les- We took a lot of other issues that are available to them. lie Campbell, Lauren Gaydos, Tucker have been big problems in the United I thank the members of the Veterans’ Zrebiec, Tommy Reynolds, and Chris States of America for our veterans and Affairs Committee. I thank this Senate Bennett. I thank the members of my we addressed them. in advance for what I am sure it will do staff: Jay Sulzmann, my chief of staff Opioids. We have a major section on later this year: put our veterans first. Joan Kirchner, Ryan Evans, and Aman- opioids to try to get medicines to our When we return from our break next da Maddox. I also thank everybody on veterans that counteract the addiction week, I am going to do everything I RICHARD BLUMENTHAL’s staff for all the of opioids and don’t treat pain with can to get this bill before the Senate contributions they made to make this opioids but instead treat it with the before Memorial Day, to see to it that happen. appropriate type of medicine. we get it to the House of Representa- Today we opened up a new day for We did a great job in terms of care- tives so we can conference. The House the Veterans’ Administration in Amer- givers. I don’t know about the Pre- has passed their bill. They have passed ica and a new day for America’s vet- siding Officer, but I am a Vietnam-era a good bill, and we have passed a good erans. We put America’s veterans first guy. I remember Vietnam. I remember bill. We need to find common ground to today, and we are going to keep them the sacrifice of our troops there and put those two together because one first. They put us first when they sac- the 58,000 men whom we lost in Viet- thing is for sure: What has happened in rificed for us; it is time we did the nam. A lot of our Vietnam veterans the VA for the last few years is inex- same for them. came home with multiple disabilities. cusable and indefensible, and I, for one, I urge each Member of the Senate In fact, 22,000 of them are living with am not going to be a chairman of the during this break to get the informa- disabilities today, but they have never Veterans’ Affairs Committee who did tion we send to your offices about the been covered by caregivers. Our post-9/ not try to make it right. I am going to Veterans First Act, read and study it, 11 veterans have been covered by care- use every strength that I have, every and then come back and let’s pass a givers but not our Vietnam-era or Gre- power that I have, and every ability bill that tells our veterans: We love nada veterans or our Panama veterans. that I have to bring people together to you. We appreciate you. And never This bill makes them eligible as well, say: We owe our veterans everything. again will you have an appointment so a family member—a loved one who The Presiding Officer wouldn’t have broken or not receive the services you is giving care at home to a veteran who his job, I wouldn’t have mine, and our need from the Veterans’ Administra- fought and was injured for our coun- families wouldn’t live in peace and se- tion of the United States of America.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00028 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.045 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2531 Mr. President, I yield the floor. weren’t working, Indiana faced a $200 With that, I yield the floor. I suggest the absence of a quorum. million deficit, and our State had not I suggest the absence of a quorum. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The balanced its budget for 7 years, even The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll. though the State constitution requires clerk will call the roll. The senior assistant legislative clerk that we do that. The legislative clerk proceeded to proceeded to call the roll. Under the leadership of former Indi- call the roll. Mr. COATS. Mr. President, I ask ana Governor Mitch Daniels and cur- Mr. SULLIVAN. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the order for rent Governor Mike Pence, Indiana has unanimous consent that the order for the quorum call be rescinded. reduced spending, cut taxes, and paid the quorum call be rescinded. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. CAS- off its debt. As a result, instead of a The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without SIDY). Without objection, it is so or- $200 million deficit, we have a $2 billion objection, it is so ordered. dered. surplus today. We enjoy a triple-A Mr. SULLIVAN. Mr. President, I am f credit rating from all the credit rating glad to see that my good friend from agencies, and we have been listed in Indiana was on the floor talking about ECONOMIC GROWTH index after index as the State to go live an important issue that the adminis- Mr. COATS. Mr. President, today’s thanks to our low taxes and because we tration certainly won’t talk about. To announcement by the Bureau of Eco- are business friendly, family friendly, be honest, not many Members of this nomic Analysis that our economy and tax friendly. body talk about it nearly enough. As grew, once again, an anemic rate of 0.5 The contrast between this body and my colleague from Indiana mentioned percent during the first quarter of the the State that I represent is dramatic this morning, the U.S. Commerce De- year is more than discouraging but not because of the differences in our poli- partment came out with some big surprising. Whether it is burdensome cies. By the numbers and indexes, it is news. They said that the U.S. economy regulations, whether it is a broken Tax clear that this Federal economy under grew at 0.5 percent GDP growth the Code, or whether it is a continued the policies of this administration is first quarter of 2016. That is one-half of plunge into national debt, the Obama simply not making any progress. I 1 percent. That is a horrible number. administration’s policies have been and think we see that playing out in the I am going to make a prediction. I will continue to be a deadweight on our upcoming election for the next Presi- don’t think anybody in the media, if economy. dent. It has become a major campaign they are still up there, is going to talk The President continues to make big issue, and we hear both parties talking about this issue. Nobody talks about promises and insists his policies are ef- about it. this issue. In the old days, it didn’t fective, but the facts speak for them- Over the past 2 years, in Indiana, pri- matter if there was a Republican or a selves. Under President Obama, the vate employment has grown by nearly Democratic administration. If the U.S. median household income has de- 130,000 jobs, reflecting the results and economy was growing at 0.5 percent creased during his presidency and re- success of Indiana’s pro-growth policy. GDP—which essentially means it is not mains 6.5 percent below its prereces- Employers are taking notice of our growing but has instead stopped—then sion level. If this were an average post- healthy business climate and coming almost certainly the Secretary of the 1960s recovery, individuals would have into the State to establish new busi- Treasury would come out and say: nearly $2,700 more in their wallets. In- nesses. I think the resurgence of Don’t worry, America. We have this; stead, they have received a decrease of growth is proof that sound economic we have a plan. $3,000 per year in their income. This is policy works. We know that 0.5 percent GDP I have seen how it works in Indiana, unacceptable. growth is horrible for everybody, espe- and I am simply not willing to accept While the President continues to say cially working-class families. At the the stagnant rate of growth here with- the economy is improving, it is clearly very least the Secretary of Commerce out trying to do something about it. I not reaching its potential or anywhere would have come out and said: We don’t think anything is going to close to its potential. At some point, know you are hurting, America, but change since there is no indication you have to acknowledge the policies don’t worry. We have a plan. In pre- from the White House or even from our aren’t working. Here we are 8 years vious administrations, that is what colleagues across the aisle here that from the beginning of the recession, would have happened, and it wouldn’t they are willing to at least debate this and the president in the White House matter if the President was a Demo- issue and put the policies that bring insists that his policies are working: about economic growth into place. crat or a Republican. Hang in there with us, folks. Things In order to boost economic growth, But I don’t think we heard a peep out are going to get better. we need to reverse the failed policies of of this administration this morning. Then these statistics come out that this administration by overhauling our We have not heard from the President, things are not only not getting better, Tax Code, strip away unnecessary gov- the Secretary of the Treasury, or the but are getting worse. We are not only ernment regulations, give employers Commerce Secretary. Nobody came out not moving closer to the average level the certainty they need in order to and spoke, and don’t count on it. I of recovery after a major recession, but grow their businesses and create jobs, don’t think they will be talking about we are moving further and further follow the lead of States like Indiana, this number. They even seem to be sat- away from it. Ohio, and others that have turned their isfied with this number—0.5 percent Our current annual growth rate in economies around and bring the pros- GDP growth. They certainly don’t this recovery is less than 2 percent. In perity to the people of those States. want the American people talking 2016, with this quarter’s report, we are Congress can take action to encour- about it because this is not a good off to a very weak start. But if this age our economy to grow, but we need number. were an average recovery, we would be a partner in the White House willing to This is a really important issue for seeing an annual growth rate of some- cut the redtape, willing to enact pro- our country. This is an important issue where around 31⁄2 to 4 percent. growth reforms and put in place a real for every single American, and yet we I served previously in Congress in the plan to reduce the debt. have an administration that doesn’t Reagan years, and the growth rate dur- I hope I don’t have to come down want to talk about this issue because it ing the Reagan recovery was 4.5 per- here to discuss another quarter of ane- is a big problem for them. It is a big cent, which is well more than double mic rate of growth. The American peo- problem for all of us. We can’t grow the what it is today. I have seen firsthand ple simply pay the bills, pay the mort- U.S. economy. how pro-growth policies turn a dismal gage, send the kids to college, and put Some of my colleagues have come economic situation around, but I aside money for the future. That is not down to the Senate floor often to talk haven’t seen it here in Washington happening, and it needs to change. about what they view as moral impera- under President Obama. Where I have Hopefully, we can take a lesson from tives. I respect everybody in this body, seen it is in my home State of Indiana. what we have learned on these quar- but there is a lot of talk about moral In 2005, under the policies of a Demo- terly reports—that the policies in place imperatives and nobody talks about cratic administration, which clearly are simply not doing the job. this issue as a moral imperative. In my

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00029 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.046 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2532 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 view, growing the economy and pro- So what are we looking at? The cession ended, real GDP growth has to- viding opportunities for Americans has Obama era has been a lost decade of taled just 14.3 percent. So that is what to be the No. 1 moral imperative of this growth. Again, compared to any other we grew our economy by—the total body and of the Federal Government. period, even the Great Depression pe- growth of our economy. In comparison, We should be talking about it, but we riod, these numbers represent lost op- other recoveries—again, Democrat, Re- are not, and one of the reasons we are portunity, stagnant wages, and middle- publican—since 1960, that lasted much not talking about it is because there is class families struggling. Yet the ad- more than a year, real GDP growth for no doubt that the Federal Govern- ministration never talks about it. the whole economy grew on average of ment—the Obama administration—is If we can’t grow our economy, who is 27 percent. So we have 14 percent failing the American people in this re- hurt the most? It is the most vulner- Obama, 27 percent over the comparable gard by any serious measure. This is able. It is the working poor. It is the period for the average—Kennedy, John- not a debatable topic. elderly. It is the young people. It is our son, Nixon, Ford, Carter, Reagan. If The Obama administration’s record pages right here who want a positive real GDP growth in the Obama years on economic growth has been one of future. These are the people who are had grown at that average, our GDP the worst in U.S. history. Let’s take a hurt. Yet if we grow our economy—if would be $1.8 trillion higher. Think look at this chart. Is it any wonder we got to Reagan levels or Clinton lev- about that—$1.8 trillion, almost $2 tril- why the President or Secretary of the els or Johnson levels of 4, 4.5, 6—we lion higher. Think about what families Treasury didn’t come out and talk could take care of so many of the chal- could do with that kind of money if we about these numbers this morning? lenges our country faces. divided that by American families. The numbers are abysmal, and they are So what has happened is—and we In the Reagan recovery, real GDP their numbers. Remarkably, when the know the media certainly helps the ad- growth grew a total of 34 percent. The President does talk about the econ- ministration deal with this—we don’t economy expanded by 34 percent. So, omy, he has taken to bragging about talk about it. The President might again, Obama, 14 percent; average, 27 the U.S. economy because we are doing compare our economy to Europe. That percent; Reagan, 34 percent. He grew it better than Europe. Look at the press. is pretty weak. Instead, we define the at an average rate, and the economy When the President talks about the problem down. Many people may have grew at about 4.8 percent, so almost 5 economy, he talks about how we are heard this term, ‘‘the new normal.’’ percent GDP growth. Look at the com- doing better than Europe. After today’s That is a term they are now using in parison here. If the 8 years of President news, he won’t even be able to brag Washington, ‘‘the new normal.’’ So Obama grew at the rate that President about that because 0.5 percent GDP what does that mean? It means we Reagan’s recovery took place, we growth is not better than Europe. If can’t grow at 3 percent anymore. Look would be seeing almost $3 trillion more the President is actually comparing his at the chart. We have never hit 3 per- in terms of the size of our economy, record to another country, he needs to cent, ever. So let’s just define it now. higher annual aftertax income of al- remember that the only country that We are not going to shoot for tradi- most $5,000 per American, and of course matters is America. That is the only tional levels of robust American millions and millions of more jobs. measure he should be looking at—not growth like 4 percent. Again, the his- The President talks about the unem- Europe, not Japan, and not Brazil. He toric average is 3.7 percent, for 200 ployment rate going down, but what he should be looking at our country. years, Democrats and Republicans. We doesn’t talk about is the reason it is How has he done historically relative are just going to say: Well, it is a new going down is because people are leav- to every other President—Democrat or time in the history of our country— ing the workforce. We have the highest Republican? If we take a look at this secular stagnation. This is the new rate since the mid-1970s of workforce chart, we can see the answer. These are normal. participation. Why? Because we are not facts. We are not debating anything. If Americans believe this or accept growing the economy. These are just the numbers. Real GDP this or our young people do, we are in I know I am throwing a lot of num- growth, as I mentioned, is 0.5 percent big trouble. bers out, but what this chart reveals is growth this quarter. But if you look at So we talk about the new normal or something much more important than some history here, from 1790 to 2014, we are silent, like what happened numbers. This chart goes to what the the average real GDP growth for the today. No one came out—not one per- American dream is all about; that is, United States has averaged about 3.7 son from the Obama administration ex- progress. That is progress. When you percent. That includes Democrats and plained how we are going to get out of are an American, you expect progress. Republicans over 200-plus years. That this rut. They are silent because there You expect growth. You don’t expect is what made us great. Historically, we is no way to sell 0.5 percent GDP this. This is not progress. We are hear- have had almost 4 percent GDP growth. growth—to anybody. The American ing it and we are seeing it. That is what made the United States people are smart, and they know they The American dream was founded on great. are being sold a clunker. The economy progress. There is opportunity. You I keep talking about GDP growth, is a clunker right now, and it has been have the opportunity to take advan- but in essence, gross domestic product one for almost 8 years. tage and move up the ladder. is an indicator of the economic health Again, it is important to understand A recent poll came out and said 13 of our economy and how it is growing. just how bad this record is, in terms of percent of Americans—13 percent— It is an indicator that measures the op- U.S. history. Let me give a few more think their kids are going to have a portunities that exist in the United statistics. In 85 years, for which the better economic future than they had. States. Bureau of Economic Analysis has cal- That is the death of the American Like I said, we had almost 4 percent culated the annual change in real GDP, dream, and this chart explains why. growth throughout American history. there is only one 10-year stretch, and it The young people right here, through The President’s numbers in the last 71⁄2 is right here—the entire Obama admin- hard work—only 13 percent of Ameri- years: 1.36 percent GDP growth. Here istration—when the annual GDP cans think you are going to have a bet- we see it on the chart. This is Kennedy, growth never hit 3 percent. Even dur- ter future than we had. Johnson, Nixon, Ford, Carter, Reagan, ing the Great Depression, it was only a That is the essence of the American Bush 41, Clinton, Bush 43, and Presi- 4-year stretch. So 10 years, starting dream. We all used to think our kids dent Obama. with the Bush-era recession. The Presi- would have a better future. Now 13 per- The red line is important. That is 3 dent talks about the recession, but cent do. It shows that people are losing percent GDP growth. That is consid- that was almost 8 years ago. We need faith in the American dream because of ered pretty good—not great but pretty to get over that and grow this econ- these numbers. good. Take a look. President Obama omy. It gets worse in terms of the unequal has never hit that. He has never actu- During the last 10 years, real annual growth. I was talking about 1.36 per- ally hit that in one quarter, ever. By growth of GDP peaked in 2006 at 2.7 cent is the average growth rate for the any measure, these numbers are abys- percent. It has never been that high Obama administration. In actuality, mal. again. In the 25 quarters since the re- about 20 percent of the population in

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00030 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.052 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2533 regions of the country—mostly on the nately, today we saw that is not the into it, and here’s the takeaway: The east and west coasts—are doing pretty case. FDIC now estimates that the repeal al- good. Twenty percent are growing at I yield the floor. lows a few big banks to put taxpayers about 5 percent GDP growth. Eighty The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- on the hook for risky swaps to the tune percent of America—the rest of the ator from Massachusetts. of nearly $10 trillion. And who is gob- country—is not growing at all—zero f bling down most of this $10 trillion risk? Three huge banks—Citigroup, growth. OVERSEEING OUR FINANCIAL I believe this is a surrender. I believe JPMorgan Chase, and Bank of Amer- MARKETS this body is not talking about it ica—three banks, nearly $10 trillion of enough. The White House wants to ig- Ms. WARREN. Mr. President, 8 years risk. nore it. It is a surrender of America’s ago, we suffered through the worst fi- These banks will happily suck down greatness. It is a surrender of our fu- nancial crisis in generations. Millions the profits when their high-stakes bets ture. It is a surrender of our kids’ fu- of people lost their homes, their jobs, work out, and they will just as happily ture. and their savings. Although the econ- turn to the taxpayers to bail them out We need to do something about it. If omy has improved under President if there is a problem—all this because we stay at these levels of growth, Obama’s leadership, many of those the Wall Street lobbyists persuaded issues like infrastructure, issues like families are still struggling to recover Congress to do just one little favor for military spending, issues like social today. them. spending, even social cohesion are Terrible subprime mortgages were at Meanwhile, last year, the Commod- going to be much harder to address, the heart of this crisis, but Wall Street ities Futures Trading Commission fi- but if we grow—back to traditional lev- invented other new financial devices, nally issued a rule that it was required els of American growth—the future is including exotic derivatives, that piled to write under Dodd-Frank. The rule going to be bright again like it has risks on top of risks in the financial was about margin, the amount of been for 200-plus years in the United market. The subprime mortgages were money that financial institutions have States. like hand grenades, but the derivatives to put up when they enter into a deriv- We don’t have to continue down this packed them together and magnified ative contract. Essentially, the CFTC path. We can make decisions in this the risks, turning them into giant rule was about making sure that finan- body—the right decisions—in order to bombs that blew up parts of the econ- cial institutions had enough money to right this sinking ship of an economy, omy. The Financial Crisis Inquiry pay off their derivative bets if they bet but the first step is to admit we have a Commission concluded that derivatives wrong. It is the kind of money that problem. The first step is to recognize ‘‘contributed significantly’’ to the cri- keeps the taxpayers from needing to we have a big problem. sis, ‘‘amplifying’’ losses many times bail them out. The President and his Cabinet will over and exposing institutions and in- The CFTC rule was exceedingly not do this. As a matter of fact, there vestors throughout the system. weak, far weaker than the one they was a recent New York Times article Do you remember the billions and had initially proposed. The changes in where the President was talking about billions of taxpayer dollars that Con- the rule came after months of intense how this is actually pretty good gress shoveled into AIG as part of the lobbying from giant banks that were growth—again, dumbing down expecta- bailout? That was to cover the massive worried that a stronger margin rule tions, the new normal. Did they say losses from risky derivatives that went might cut into their profits. As CFTC anything today? No. But the American south. Commissioner Sharon Bowen wrote in people know we have a huge problem. In response to the crisis and the bail- her dissent to the rule: We see it reflected in polling and our out, Congress dedicated an entire title This action today seems to be a return to politics with people losing work, stag- of the Dodd-Frank Act to the regula- blindly trusting in large financial institu- nant wages, historic levels of failed tion of derivatives. Congress tried to tions’ ability and willpower to manage their businesses. More small businesses are make the derivatives market more risks adequately. Are we really willing to failing now. transparent so that both investors and make that bet again? The PRESIDING OFFICER. The time regulators could have at least a fight- Well, I know that I am not, and that of the Senator has expired. ing chance to identify the risks and to is why I think the recent Republican Mr. SULLIVAN. Mr. President, I ask address them. Congress also tried to re- bill to weaken the CFTC is so dan- unanimous consent for 2 more minutes. duce the risk to taxpayers by requiring gerous. Rather than strengthening the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there banks to raise more capital as they in- agency and plugging the gaps in Dodd- objection? creased their derivatives exposure and Frank that have emerged in the last Without objection, it is so ordered. by forcing banks to push out that de- few years, the bill goes in the opposite Mr. SULLIVAN. Mr. President, we rivatives exposure from their deposi- direction, weakening or delaying other need to realize that what we are doing tory banks—the parts that actually Dodd-Frank requirements and starving here is part of the problem. Look at hold checking and savings accounts— the agency of the resources it needs to this chart. We are overregulating every and to put them into another entity oversee a $500 trillion derivatives mar- aspect of our economy. What we need that doesn’t have access to taxpayer- ket. to do is start focusing on ways that backed insurance. I applaud Senator STABENOW, the Washington can be a partner in oppor- Over the past few years, the Dodd- ranking Democratic member on the tunity, not the center of regulations Frank approach to derivatives has Agriculture Committee, for leading the that focus on small businesses. started to unravel. At the end of 2014, unanimous Democratic opposition to Let me conclude by saying, although the swaps pushout was repealed. How? the bill in Committee. Democrats I have highlighted the challenges we Because lobbyists for Citibank literally should not be supporting a bill that have right now and the lack of focus by wrote the amendment and had a friend- weakens financial rules, period. the administration, this is something ly Congressman slip it into the end-of- We need strong rules and strong Fed- all of us in this body—Democrats and the-year spending bill—a bill that had eral agencies to oversee our financial Republicans—should be working on to- to pass or the government would shut markets. We learned that lesson the gether. Nobody wants 1.36 percent GDP down. With the help of other big banks, hard way in 2008. While some lobbyists growth. Nobody wants 0.5 percent GDP including personal phone calls from the and their friends here in Washington growth. We need leadership now to CEO of JPMorgan Chase, Jamie Dimon, may be trying to forget that lesson, I tackle these challenges and to get to his personal friends in Congress, the know that millions of American fami- America back on track. We have to swaps repeal got rammed through Con- lies remember it all too well, and they grow this economy. We have to con- gress. will be watching Congress to see who tinue progress. We must do better for How big was the hole that this Wall stands on their side and who stands on our children and restore the American Street amendment blew in Dodd- the side of the big banks. dream, but first we need a White House Frank? Well, Congressman ELIJAH Thank you, Mr. President. that recognizes the problem. Unfortu- CUMMINGS and I spent a year looking I yield my time.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00031 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.054 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2534 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 I suggest the absence of a quorum. dren who had not yet been born. In People would call in. We would always The PRESIDING OFFICER. The some families there were several broth- raise over $100,000. People were very clerk will call the roll. ers in the line who had the disease. As committed to finding a cure for muscle The bill clerk proceeded to call the one was diagnosed, then another disease and to sending young people roll. younger brother was diagnosed a cou- with the disease to summer camp, Mr. BARRASSO. Mr. President, I ask ple of years later with the same disease where they found a level of freedom unanimous consent that the order for because this does tend to run in fami- and friendship that they did not often the quorum call be rescinded. lies. find throughout the rest of the year. It The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without As a doctor, one wants to see some- was a great time for the young people objection, it is so ordered. body get better and stronger every day. with the disease. It gave their parents f Parents want to see their own child a rest as well. going from crawling to walking to run- I think many of us in this body re- DUCHENNE MUSCULAR ning, getting stronger and bigger every member Jerry Lewis hosting the Jerry DYSTROPHY day, but patients and families who live Lewis Labor Day Telethon, as it was Mr. BARRASSO. Mr. President, I rise with this disease every day know too called, for more than 40 years. He today as a Senator and, as the Pre- well the unrelenting force of Duchenne would always end the telethon by sign- siding Officer is, a doctor. I want to muscular dystrophy. What it does is ing a song. The song was ‘‘You’ll Never talk about a disease called Duchenne cause degeneration of muscles and Walk Alone.’’ So I come to the floor muscular dystrophy. Earlier today weakness. today to make sure that these patients Senator RUBIO was on the floor talking The vast majority of people with this and these families know that today about the disease, and I know earlier disease are boys, and they are usually they are not alone. Congress is listen- today Senator WICKER was on the floor diagnosed between the ages of 3 and 5. ing. We heard from Senator RUBIO ear- talking about the disease. It is a topic Typically, parents start to notice their lier today and we heard from Senator that is, as an orthopedic surgeon, very son isn’t meeting all of the develop- WICKER. Those families and those pa- personal to me. mental milestones they might expect. tients know how critically important I was introduced to Duchenne more He might be a late walker, or he may it is, and we know how critically im- than 30 years ago and, as an orthopedic appear less coordinated than other portant it is that we find a cure for this surgery resident, worked at a muscle children his age. Most parents aren’t rare disease known as Duchenne mus- disease clinic with young people with worried; they are just cautious. They cular dystrophy. muscle disease. One of those muscle may mention it to the pediatrician, In 2012, Congress passed the Food and diseases is called Duchenne. It is a dis- and the doctor may run a test or two. Drug Administration Safety and Inno- ease that affects young boys. I met pa- Once the diagnosis of Duchenne mus- vation Act. One of the key parts of this tients and I met their families in the cular dystrophy is made, patients pret- law gives the FDA more flexibility to fight against this disease. The experi- ty quickly and parents, specifically, approve treatments that have the po- ence has left a lasting lifelong impres- very quickly find out that their son tential to help people with rare dis- sion on me, and it is something I con- doesn’t just have a developmental eases. It also allows the FDA to do fol- tinue to work with today. delay; they learn their son is typically lowup studies to confirm the clinical I think the reasons we have gone into going to lose the ability to walk by the benefits of the treatment. medicine are to help people and to time he is a teenager, graduate to a Well, we want to give people real make a contribution. One of the rea- wheelchair, which then can make that hope. It is not good to give people false sons I chose orthopedic surgery was young man prone to conditions like hope. We are interested in giving pa- that I really enjoyed seeing the relief— scoliosis, a curvature of the spine often tients and giving families a fighting the care that I gave could help people, requiring surgery to correct it. As the chance. I believe the FDA needs to use causing relief of their symptoms, relief muscles continue to deteriorate—as the tools that Congress has given them of their pain, relief of problems they they always do with Duchenne—that so patients can come across and get ac- were living with from day to day. It is young man will lose lung function, cess to potentially lifesaving drugs. So extremely rewarding to be able to work which puts him at a higher risk of in- a couple of weeks ago I signed a letter with a patient and tell that patient the fection, pneumonia. Eventually, he will that was written by Senators Wicker surgery you performed was successful, have to use a machine to breathe, to and Klobuchar—a bipartisan letter. It and they are going to get better. They clear his lungs. The muscle deteriora- called on the FDA to take full advan- are going to get back to normal. tion doesn’t just occur to the skeletal tage of this accelerated approval au- As a doctor, I was able to see pa- muscles—the muscles of the arms and thority. tients go on to graduate from college, legs—but also can occur to the heart, So we also asked the FDA to ensure get married, have children of their which is itself a muscle. that the prospective of patients is fully own. When I was overseas visiting our When a young man with Duchenne considered in this review process, when troops, I met a young man, a com- muscular dystrophy catches a cold, it it comes down to the regulations. More mander—a pretty big guy—and he told can be life threatening. Even when the than 20 Senators signed this letter be- me I had taken care of his broken leg. patients get the best medical care—and cause we know how important this I looked at him and didn’t really recog- so many of them do get the best med- issue is to patients as well as to their nize him. I said: When was that? And ical care—they usually lose their fight families. he said: I was only 8 at the time. against Duchenne muscular dystrophy Last Friday the Wall Street Journal We take care of patients and, as we by the time they are in their 20s. That ran an editorial entitled: ‘‘The FDA vs. do, we see people through their lives, is the devastating reality of this dis- Austin Leclaire.’’ This article talked and it is encouraging to see them go on ease, and we cannot allow it to con- about a young man named Austin and strive and get stronger and bigger tinue. Leclaire, 17, who has Duchenne mus- and more productive. But for patients Because of my experience with these cular dystrophy, and so does his young- with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, patients, I have been working for years er brother Max. As we talked, I men- that kind of treatment doesn’t exist. It to actually help raise money for aware- tioned that this runs in families. Some- doesn’t exist today with all the break- ness for muscle disease and treatment times, there is the diagnosis of a son in throughs and research. for the disease. I served as a local host a family in which there is a younger When I saw patients in the muscle in Wyoming for the Muscular Dys- son who has not yet been diagnosed but disease clinic who suffered from this trophy Association’s annual Labor Day likely will have the disease. condition, I knew the day that I saw telethon. Well, back in 2011, Max was able to them was going to be their best day Every year, I was amazed at the dedi- get an experimental drug to treat his from there going forward. Many of cation and the generosity of people disease. Now, Austin was not eligible them had brothers. It is a disease that around the country who would call in to get the same drug. Remember, Aus- affects young men. It is a disease that pledges to pledge centers at the 200 so- tin is the older brother. So today Max may be coming in their family to chil- called ‘‘love networks’’ in Casper, WY. is 14 and he is still able to walk. He can

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00032 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.055 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2535 still play sports, and he can still dress stitutional right; that is, the right to has to take time off from work just to himself. vote. Fifty-one years ago, President exercise his or her constitutional right. For most of us who have had healthy Johnson urged the Congress to pass the So let me repeat. In our State, we children, these are the things that peo- Voting Rights Act. In the face of im- have made this work. Every voter gets ple take for granted. So for a family placable opposition from Southern a ballot 2 or 3 weeks before an election where one of their sons has Duchenne, States, President Johnson laid out the date. Now, vote-by-mail is not going to this kind of small victory can seem stakes. He said: stop every State legislature in America like a miracle. I can’t even imagine Every American must have an equal right from devising new ways to suppress how hard it must be when a mother has to vote. There is no excuse which can excuse voter turnout. Certainly, some State two or three children—two or three the denial of that right. There is no duty officials in our country have worked sons—with this disease, and especially which weighs more heavily on us than the very hard to dream up new ways to when one of her children can get access duty we have to ensure that right. limit the franchise. to an experimental drug and the other Sadly, half a century after that law But here is why the Oregon antidote cannot. began to remove the most offensive ob- is so important. If there is a problem, The family looks at it. One son is stacles to voting, Americans now face our State gives voters more time to being helped, and the other is not being new barriers to exercising their funda- fight back. When Americans have 2 or helped. They can see the difference in mental right to vote. Across our land, 3 weeks to vote, they will have more their sons. So how would any of us here there are stories of long lines, inex- time to challenge registration prob- in the Senate react if we were in that plicable purges of voter rolls, and new lems. There is more time for citizens to same situation? How much heartbreak requirements that make it still harder defend their rights. should one family have to bear? Those for our people to vote. There is abso- Oregon has been voting by mail since are the challenges for families who live lutely no excuse for accepting this I was first elected to the Senate in 1996, with muscle disease every day. sorry state of affairs. and we went to all vote-by-mail in 2000. Well, the FDA, I believe, needs to There is no excuse for citizens in Ari- Since then, we have had consistently work with patients like Austin and zona to wait 5 hours to cast their bal- higher voter turnout rates than other Max. We all know that this agency lot. There is no excuse for citizens in parts of the country. We have consist- needs to make sure that treatments Rhode Island to find two out of every ently had voter turnout rates that are are safe and effective. That is not a three polling places have closed. There among the highest in the Nation. question. We also know that people at is no excuse whatsoever for poor com- Oregon voting rates are especially the FDA are caring and careful profes- munities and minority communities high among young people and in mid- sionals. The practice of medicine relies across America to see their polling term elections. As an added benefit— on hard science and on following data places shuttered. this should appeal to all Senators— to understand and to treat illnesses. Seniors and disabled Americans studies have shown that it saves As a doctor, I know that the practice should not have to wait in long lines or money, to boot. So you have a system of medicine requires an equal measure struggle to reach polling places in that voters like, gives them more time of compassion. I think the FDA needs America. Working parents should not to reflect, is more efficient, and saves to take into account the unique needs have to choose between going to work money, to boot. That is a pretty ap- of this patient population. We talk and going to vote. Voting should not be pealing trifecta, it seems to me, for de- about double-blind studies, where you a test of endurance. It should not be a mocracy. So my proposition today is give one patient the real treatment and Kafkaesque experience in defeating bu- that the rest of the country ought to one patient something else, a sugar reaucracy and wading through redtape. follow Oregon’s lead, and all Ameri- pill, something else that is not really Increasingly, too many voters show up cans, from one end of the country to the real treatment, the real medica- at the polls on election day, only to another, ought to have the chance to tion. find that their name—somehow, magi- vote by mail. To really evaluate the impact of cally—has gone missing from the voter To me, this just is common sense. In these medications, sometimes it in- rolls or their ID does not meet some fact, over the years, there were ques- volves doing muscle biopsies and put- new, even more burdensome, even more tions about who benefited from vote- ting people though painful tests. I restrictive requirement. by-mail? In fact, Oregonians put it on think it is hard for a family living with There is no excuse for our govern- the ballot, because they said that ev- a child with muscle disease to say: ment to turn away citizens and to say erybody benefits from it. There was Well, we are going to participate in the their vote does not count because of a support all across the political spec- experiment. We don’t know. It is a 50– clerical error or an unjust technicality. trum. So today, I rolled out a new pro- 50 chance if our child is even going to These grossly unfair obstacles have posal for a national vote-by-mail. It is get the real thing. But we still put sprouted like weeds across our country built on the Oregon system. The plan is them through all of these tests that ever since the Supreme Court over- simple. Every voter in a Federal elec- can be painful, as they take muscle bi- turned large portions of the Voting tion will receive a ballot in the mail. opsies. Rights Act in 2013. According to the The Federal Government, through I think it is unrealistic to ask a fam- Brennan Center for Justice, just this the Postal Service, would assist States ily to make that decision. I think we year, 17 States have passed new laws or with the cost of mailing ballots to reg- need to make sure that the FDA—and rules to make it harder for their citi- istered voters. States can keep their the FDA needs to make sure, in their zens to vote. current polling practices if they wish. compassion—doesn’t lose sight of these Let me repeat that. Seventeen States But those States that choose a full kids. These young people really don’t in America, just this year, have passed vote-by-mail system are going to see have a moment to lose in terms of po- new laws, new rules, and new hurdles their election costs drop and drop sig- tential treatments. I think the FDA for our people who want to vote. nificantly. My hope is that this pro- needs to hear the calls of patients and Thankfully, there is a solution. My posal ignites a new campaign across to give these young people, living with home State of Oregon has led the coun- the country to make it easier, not a devastating disease, a chance to beat try in making voting more accessible. harder, for Americans to vote. Duchenne muscular dystrophy. In Oregon, every voter receives a ballot Vote-by-mail is a first step in fight- I yield the floor. 2 or 3 weeks before election day. Bal- ing back against those who would dis- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- lots should be arriving in mailboxes enfranchise their fellow citizens to ator from Oregon. across the State over the next few gain a political edge. f days. Every Oregonian has ample time For instance, in my view it also to research candidates and issues. ought to be easier for Americans to VOTE-BY-MAIL Rather than waiting in long lines, register to vote. Again, my home State Mr. WYDEN. Mr. President, I rise Oregonians can mail their ballot back leads the way. Since January, every el- today to warn of a gathering threat to or drop it off at ballot collection sites, igible voter is automatically registered American’s most fundamental con- many of which are open 24/7. Nobody to vote, eliminating extra trips to the

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00033 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.057 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2536 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 motor vehicles department or the that is pretty much a litmus test that ductive society. It is not true, but county clerk’s office. In my view our we are doing something wrong. there are many who want to who need Governor, Gov. Kate Brown, deserves The truth is, our criminal justice our help and can benefit from some of enormous credit for leading the effort system has been plagued with ineffi- these programs. to turn this particular idea, this par- ciencies, overcrowding, and failures This includes training that could im- ticular reform, into law. that are ultimately detrimental to pact a prisoner’s life, somebody with a I know many of my colleagues and public safety. We spend too much of drug problem, somebody with a mental many voters are cynical about the our criminal justice resources locking illness, or somebody who has been chances of passing real reforms in this up low-level, nonviolent offenders and drinking, exacerbating their problems. partisan day and age. My view is, vot- not enough targeting the most dan- Those sorts of issues can benefit from ing rights are too important to aban- gerous and violent criminals. The good treatment and from rehabilitation. don the field to special interests who news is, a number of States, including Those who are educationally inad- would manipulate our government. Texas, have seen the need and have im- equately prepared to enter the work- That is why I mentioned that in Or- plemented statewide criminal justice force, we can help them through work egon there was some initial debate reforms with positive results. programs and job training. Many of with respect to who might benefit, who As I said earlier, the longer I am these programs have allowed local might get a little bit of a partisan edge here, the more things occur to me communities to get involved as well, on the other side, and Oregon voters about how we do business, but the idea by encouraging partnerships in Texas said: Nothing doing. We all think this that somehow we can initiate reforms between prisons and faith-based organi- is in our interests, making it easier to at the national level for 320 million zations and people who believe in rad- vote, making it easier to correct an people and then cram them down on a ical transformation of people’s lives error, and cheaper than the alter- big and diverse country like the United through their faith. They can focus on natives. States is pretty ludicrous. helping those prisoners who are willing This afternoon I urge my colleagues Actually, the Federal Government is and wanting to turn their lives around and voters to take advantage of this rarely competent to do that sort of get the training and life skills they opportunity to promote real reform, re- thing. We saw this with the health care need in order to succeed. form where we have hard evidence that reforms, which have resulted in prices I will never forget my visit just a few shows it actually works, to make sure actually going up and most people dis- months back to the H.H. Coffield Unit every citizen in America who wants to satisfied with the health care reforms. maximum security prison in East vote has that opportunity. Oregon once If we just tried things out at the Texas, where I saw firsthand how im- again paves the way to making sure local level, and if they were successful, portant some of these types of pro- there are real solutions to an enormous then scale them up, I think we would grams are. I went to one section of the challenge. have a much better chance for success. prison and was introduced to the shop Mr. President, I yield the floor. That is exactly what has happened in instructor. He told me some of the in- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ma- the criminal justice area. mates in his shop class came to him jority whip. I know most people think about unable to read a simple tape measure. f Texas as a State tough on crime, and I think it is shocking. It was to me. that is true, but in the middle of the I think it is shocking to most people SENTENCING REFORM AND first decade of this millennium, we saw that anybody can reach adulthood un- CORRECTIONS ACT the need to deal with overcrowding. We able to do something so basic as to Mr. CORNYN. Mr. President, after saw high recidivism or repeat offend- read a tape measure, but yet that was many months of discussion and debate, ers, and we were facing a major budget an example of the types of people who today we announced a bipartisan piece shortfall. In other words, we tried to were in that prison. of legislation to reform our criminal keep building prisons to build our way It is a remarkable example of how justice system. out of the problem. much opportunity there is through I have been in the Senate long Instead of just spending more money education to actually help: drug-alco- enough to realize that even the best to build more prisons and hoping the hol treatment, mental health treat- ideas that don’t have bipartisan sup- problems would go away, the major ment, and to prepare people to reenter port go nowhere. The good news is, this problem we overlooked before was— civil society. is an issue that enjoys broad bipartisan which we finally realized—that people I am pleased Texas—in addition to support and actually represents the in prison at some point will mostly get our well-earned reputation for being marriage of two distinct parts. The out of prison. The question is, Do they tough on crime—is now known as being more I think about it, the more it rep- go back into prison after committing smart on crime and a good example resents a continuum in terms of the other crimes or can we help those who what we could do nationally. way we punish people who violate our are willing to accept the help, turn We are not the only State. Other criminal laws and how we treat them their lives around, and become produc- States have done things, too, but the when they are in prison and how we tive members of society? results in Texas are remarkable. Be- prepare them—or not—for a life of re- We opted for a different approach. We tween 2007 and 2012, our overall rate of entry into civil society. traded in our construction plans for incarceration fell by 9.4 percent. The Even in the polarized political envi- plans to help lower-risk offenders turn crime rate dropped and—as I have ronment that our country represents their lives around and become produc- said—that is the gold standard. It is today, it is an example of an oppor- tive members of society. As I said, that not the rate of incarceration. It is not tunity to demonstrate that when is because most offenders will one day how many people are in prison. It is enough people identify a problem and get out of prison. what is happening to the crime rate. work together, we can actually come Today Texas has improved and in- Our crime rate dropped and, not insig- up with viable solutions. creased programs designed to help men nificantly, we saved more than $2 bil- In a previous life, I served 13 years as and women behind bars take responsi- lion of the taxpayer money. We were a State district court judge and then as bility for their crimes and then prepare able to physically close three prison fa- attorney general. I have had an oppor- to reenter society as productive, law- cilities. That is the first time that has tunity to witness some of the strengths abiding members of the community. I ever happened in our State. and weaknesses of our justice system am not naive enough to say this is We are not the only ones. For exam- firsthand. Though we made some sig- something we are going to be able to do ple, Georgia reduced its crime rate by nificant progress in reducing crime for 100 percent of the people behind more than 10 percent with similar pro- across the country—by the way, that bars. That is just not true. I wish the grams. South Carolina and Ohio re- ought to be the litmus test, the crime world was the kind of place where once duced their crime rate by 14 percent. rate. If the crime rate is going down, to people made mistakes and ended up be- North Carolina and Texas have both re- me, it indicates we are doing some- hind bars, they could transform their duced their crime rates by more than thing right. If the crime rate goes up, lives universally and then enter pro- 20 percent.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 07:16 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00034 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.059 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2537 These reforms make our commu- We have also made other changes in They represent about 1,500 district at- nities safer, which again is the first ob- the legislation that represent the give- torneys and 30,000 assistant district at- jective of criminal justice reform, it is and-take that usually happens in the torneys across the country. They have the second objective of criminal justice Senate. Legislating is a consensus- endorsed this legislation. reform, and it is the third objective of building process, and that is a good Yesterday, at the Republican lunch criminal justice reform. Does it make thing. Initially, when the corrections and conference, we had people such as our community safer? The answer, act was introduced, there was a sepa- former Attorney General Michael from the evidence, is yes. rate piece of legislation called the Mukasey, who served 20 years on the I think there is no question but that Smarter Sentencing Act, which focused Federal bench in New York, talk about we should consider some of these re- on, as the name would suggest, sen- how he thought this was a well-bal- forms at the Federal level. Let’s take tencing with a goal to reduce some of anced and worthwhile piece of legisla- State successes and scale them up so the mandatory minimum sentences tion. the rest of the country can benefit which were a part of the 1990s effort to The bottom line is that we need to where they are not otherwise already get tougher on crime. This is where we make sure that violent offenders and doing this and where we can do this in have actually benefited a lot from the hardened criminals stay in prison and the Federal prison system and not just input from those who initially were away from our communities. I am talk- ing about the people who will not take in the State system. unpersuaded about the merits of that advantage of the opportunity to turn That is where the Sentencing Reform part of the legislation. and Corrections Act comes in. This bill For example, we have categorically their lives around, the people who must includes legislation that I introduced taken out, removed, any benefit of the be separated from society because they last year that takes this Texas model Smarter Sentencing Act provisions for have made a decision to pursue a life of and builds on it to help restore an im- somebody who has committed a serious crime. At the same time, while we have fo- portant part of our criminal justice crime, as defined by Federal law. So cused on the hardened criminals and system that is too often forgotten; that somebody who is a violent offender, the most violent, we have to address is, rehabilitation. somebody who has committed a serious our expanding prison system that too When I went to law school more crime, cannot benefit from the Smart- years ago than I wish to admit, we often perpetuates a life of crime. When er Sentencing Act. I was a younger lawyer, I was told that were told that the purpose of criminal There is an area where I am afraid often our prison system is an organiza- law was punishment and deterrence, to there is some misunderstanding by tion of higher education in crime be- deter others from committing similar some folks, and some people are ac- cause, of course, that is who is there— acts. The third was we were told it was tively spreading disinformation, sug- people who have committed crimes. rehabilitation. We were going to help gesting that as a result of the Smarter And people who have committed rather people change their lives if they made Sentencing Act provisions, there is a low-level, nonviolent offenses, particu- a mistake. Instead, over time our pris- get-out-of-jail-free card; that we are larly when they are housed with people ons have become warehouses where we automatically going to come in and cut who have chosen a more violent life of just warehouse people and don’t do prison sentences for people to get out crime, can suffer terrible detrimental enough to try to rehabilitate people, on the street. That is just not true. impacts. those who are willing to take the op- They need to take another look at the The idea is to focus on the hardened portunity to deal with their problems legislation. criminals, the violent criminals, and in a constructive sort of way and turn Under some circumstances, and only take a look at the low-level, non- their lives around. if you are a low-level, nonviolent of- violent offenders and see if some will I have introduced legislation, along fender, you can ask the court—the take advantage of the opportunity to with Senator SHELDON WHITEHOUSE of court in which you were actually con- turn their lives around. Local commu- Rhode Island. As anybody who follows victed and before the judge who actu- nities in conservative States—red the Senate knows, we agree on very lit- ally dispensed the sentence and before States such as Texas, Georgia, and tle, but we agree on this. We were both the prosecutor who actually put you in North Carolina—have already proven it former attorneys general. He was a prison—for a reduction retroactively of is possible to do both. After months of former U.S. attorney, and he has seen a long-term mandatory minimum sen- discussion, I am confident we can bring similar experience in his State. tences. For example, under some cir- this success to the rest of the country So we introduced this portion of the cumstances, back in the days of three with this legislation. legislation to encourage programs that strikes and you are out, you could get Like every piece of legislation, would help inmates learn valuable a life sentence for three relatively though, we know there is an arduous skills they can transfer back home to minor offenses. Now, where appro- path forward. While this bill was voted their communities and help them turn priate, the judge could say: Well, we out of the Senate Judiciary Com- from a life of crime. It is important to are going to reduce that to 25 years. mittee, it still needs to come to the note that not only does reduced recidi- That is still a long time, particularly if floor of the Senate, where all 100 Sen- vism impact an individual life—which you are talking about three relatively ators will have an opportunity to help is reason enough to do what we can to minor offenses. There is one other ex- improve that product. And then there help—but it also helps that individual’s ample where a 20-year mandatory min- is the House of Representatives. Ear- family because the collateral damage imum sentence could be reduced to 15 lier today, Senator GRASSLEY, chair- from somebody making a mistake and years. So if you haven’t served 15 man of the Senate Judiciary Com- ending up in prison does not stop with years, you are certainly not going to mittee, and I met with Congressman them. It stops with their families, in- get out of prison. BOB GOODLATTE, chairman of the House cluding their children, and their whole But the whole point is that this is a Judiciary Committee, about our ideas community, but it also makes finan- negotiated piece of legislation for together and how we can move this leg- cial sense too. which we tried to garner as much sup- islation forward. And I know the Presi- The Justice Department spends port as we could, and I am pleased to dent is anxious to sign a criminal jus- around 30 percent of its budget detain- announce today that we have five new tice reform bill. This could actually be ing Federal inmates. By reinvesting cosponsors of this legislation. I believe a good bipartisan accomplishment of more of this money in recidivism re- there are now 37 Senators on a bipar- the 114th Congress. duction programs instead of building tisan basis who support this legislation I appreciate the bipartisan effort on more Federal prisons, we have an op- as cosponsors. all sides to work constructively toward portunity to save tax dollars and plow Earlier this week, we got a very im- a bill that can win broad bipartisan more of the money back where it can portant endorsement from an organiza- support. For those who don’t like parts have the best impact. Inmates can be tion for which I have tremendous re- of the bill, bring your ideas to us. That rehabilitated, neighborhoods can be spect. This is the largest organization is the way this process is supposed to made safer, and tax dollars can be bet- of prosecutors in America. It is the Na- work. Let’s make it better. Let’s build ter put to use. tional District Attorneys Association. bipartisan support and consensus.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00035 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.060 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2538 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 Let me just say in closing that I par- ers and retirees to be left behind. They I had a man approach me after one of ticularly want to thank the chairman can’t understand who was fighting for the meetings where I asked people to of the Senate Judiciary Committee, them. tell me what the impacts were from the Chairman GRASSLEY, for his steward- They and we must stand up and say: cuts, and many were able to give public ship of this legislation through the This is wrong. We must stand up for testimonials. This man came up to me process. As an experienced Member of hard work, and we must protect their afterward, and I won’t use his name be- the Senate, somebody who has been at pensions and make sure all North Da- cause quite privately he wanted to tell this a while, he knows better than kotans have a secure retirement. me that he was going to lose his house, most how to shepherd legislation—par- I want to tell just a few of their sto- that he was going to lose all the secu- ticularly potentially controversial leg- ries today. I will start with Dennis rity he had in the world, and that he islation—through this process. He has Gainsforth from Jamestown. He was a grandfather helping to take care been masterful in bringing us this far. worked for UPS for 31 years. He needs of his grandchildren because his daugh- I think we owe it to our constituents surgery on one of his knees because of ter couldn’t afford daycare. and to the country to take the lessons working decades as a night mechanic. These pension cuts don’t affect just we have learned at the State and local Dennis is also helping financially take the worker, they affect the worker’s level and bring those to benefit the rest care of his son, who had a stroke, and family, they affect the extended fam- of the country. Let’s make our crimi- his wife, who needs back surgery. ily, and, quite honestly, they affect our nal justice system, as the name sug- Under the proposed cuts, his pension communities. But more than that, they gests, more just and at the same time would be slashed by 50 percent. As a re- affect our general sense of security, our more effective. And let’s save tax- sult, Dennis, who is 72 years old, is now general sense that you ought to be able payers a buck or two in the process. back at work driving a public bus in to rely on the goodness of your hard Mr. President, I yield the floor. Jamestown. work and on the rewards of your hard Tina Kramer from Mandan was a The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- work. Today, all of that is being member of the Teamsters. She worked ator from North Dakota. threatened. as a secretary for the local union for 25 Some might say: Well, that is just f years, throughout which time she the way it is. Pension funds are in CENTRAL STATES PENSION FUND earned a pension. Her husband was a trouble. Ms. HEITKAMP. Mr. President, member of the steelworkers union and I want everyone to remember that across the United States, hundreds of worked for Bobcat for about 30 years as many of these workers were basically thousands of workers and retirees are a forklift driver. He also earned a pen- prevented from managing their pension sion. Several years ago, both of them scared. They are scared for the future, fund. In fact, the Federal Government retired, and soon after, Tina’s husband they are scared for their families, and took it away, took that pension fund suddenly passed away. Tina lost her they are scared for themselves. These away and gave it to private investment husband’s pension and now has to rely workers and retirees did everything firms that squandered and wasted the solely on her pension. Under these pro- right. They played by the rules. They principal. These workers wonder why posed cuts, Tina’s pension would be cut worked for years, if not decades, often in the world, in a country where we by almost 60 percent. Tina has just a in labor-intensive jobs, and they re- would bail out Wall Street bankers who little bit of savings, which she has al- sponsibly planned for the future by made bad decisions, they never get lis- ready had to dip into every month to putting money into their pensions, tened to. pay her bills and for groceries and to only to have their retirement security We cannot let this happen. I have pay her property taxes. Under the pro- ripped away. been pressing Treasury Secretary Lew posed pension cuts, it could only get This is a story happening across about this issue, and I recently met North Dakota and across America. worse for Tina. Bob Berg, from just north of Fargo, with Ken Feinberg, the Treasury offi- Harsh and senseless proposed cuts to worked at UPS for over 30 years deliv- cial overseeing the reconstruction of Central States Pension Fund—a multi- ering packages, many of which could this pension fund. We have to reinforce employer pension fund—could rip away weigh up to 150 pounds. Because of the this point. We had a good conversation, the retirement of workers and retirees hard labor of his job, he had surgery on and I hope the Treasury Department in the trucking, UPS package and de- both knees, his hands, five hernia oper- does the right thing by rejecting this livery, and grocery supply industries. ations, and back problems, forcing him devastating proposal and seeking a These cuts could impact more than into early retirement. Now his medical fairer option. We can and must find a 2,000 North Dakota families and 400,000 bills are skyrocketing. He receives solution that doesn’t jeopardize retire- retirees across the country who could $2,200 a month under the pension plan, ment security or present long-term in- see their pensions slashed up to 60 per- but with the cuts, he would receive just solvency issues to the Central States cent. Many of these workers have been $1,150, which is a 50-percent reduction. Pension Fund. forced to retire because of decades of Mark Rothschiller from Mandan This deal has threatened the liveli- lifting packages over 100 pounds every worked as a UPS driver for 28 years de- hood of so many of my fellow North day. These jobs took hard tolls on their livering packages to rural communities Dakotans, people who work hard for a bodies, but they were able to earn a liv- in North Dakota. Because of the inten- living, the kind of people we brag about ing, support their families, and put sity of his job, he had five back sur- on floor of the Senate, whom we are food on the table each night. They geries and two rotator cuff surgeries. here to represent—the hard-working, knew that because they were saving for After the last surgery, Mark’s doctor good Americas who build our country. retirement through their pensions, told him to stop working or he might Yet when this happens, they wonder they would be taken care of in later lose his ability to walk. He now walks who is listening to them. Who do we years, they would be able to enjoy with a cane. He relies on his pension— really represent here? their later years hunting and fishing the pension that he earned—to help This deal has to be rejected. We have with their grandchildren, and they pay his medical bills. Under the pro- to create an opportunity that enables would be able to enjoy their later years posed cuts, Mark’s pension would be all North Dakotan and American fami- by taking care of their family and their cut by more than 50 percent. lies to have the secure retirement they loved ones. Unfortunately, that secu- You hear these stories about men and have earned. Dennis, Tina, Bob, Mark, rity is evaporating. women who worked hard all their lives and so many other North Dakotans I recently met with Teamsters and and who did the right thing. They bar- whom I have met deserve as much. union workers and retirees in Bismark gained for a pension because they knew They deserve the same kind of consid- and Fargo. Quite honestly, their sto- the work they did was not work you eration and interest that we gave to ries were heartbreaking. They couldn’t could do your entire life, and they AIG and all of the organizations we understand how, if they did everything knew they wanted time in retirement bailed out during the 2008 crisis at a right, their retirement could be taken to enjoy their golden years. Yet, today, time when we saw record bonuses for away from them. They can’t live in a the benefit they earned and that secu- Wall Street executives. We wonder all country that just enables these work- rity is threatened. the time why people are mad. We don’t

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00036 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.061 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2539 need to look any further than this ex- 2015, the costs of the regulations issued gress affirmatively enacted them into ample to know that sometimes the pri- by the Department of Energy exceeded law and allowed them to be signed into orities are just plain wrong. $15 billion—$15 billion. In 1 year, it cost law by the President. This simple, com- I urge all of my colleagues to become the American people $15 billion to com- monsense reform is modeled on the aware of this problem, to become in- ply with the regulations issued by this REINS Act, a bill that requires con- vested in this problem, and to work single bureaucratic agency—by this gressional approval for all major rules with us to solve this problem. The first single Federal Department, the U.S. issued by all executive agencies across and most significant and important Department of Energy. the entire Federal Government. step we can take is to urge the Depart- Even if we were to agree with every Last July, the House of Representa- ment of Treasury to reject the current cent of that very onerous regulatory tives passed the REINS Act by a strong plan and take this back to the drawing burden, we should all be able to recog- vote of 243 to 165, and it currently has board. nize the danger of allowing one group 37 cosponsors in the Senate. Support Mr. President, I yield the floor. of people, consisting of individuals who for the legislation is growing because it The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- never have had to stand for election, to is becoming increasingly difficult to ig- ator from Utah. squeeze $15 billion out of the pocket- nore the moral and material problems f books of the American people. That is of hiding the regulatory process in the why I have submitted this amendment, ACCOUNTABILITY OF CONGRESS nameless, faceless bureaucracy. Every- No. 3856, which would restrict the De- one here knows the regulatory burden Mr. LEE. Mr. President, of the words partment of Energy from spending any in America has become untenable. the American people frequently use to funds to implement or enforce regula- Every single day, each of us hears from describe Congress today—at least one tions whose compliance costs exceed our constituents about how stifling of the words that is appropriate to re- $100 million, unless specifically ap- government regulations have become. peat on the Senate floor—one of the proved by Congress. The data tell the same story. Just most common and accurate is ‘‘unac- Unfortunately, regrettably, trag- today we saw that the first quarter of countable.’’ ically, this amendment was blocked 2016 was the third in a row in which Year after year, hard-working men from consideration by one of my col- private domestic investment has and women across this great country leagues on the other side of the aisle shrunk. This is disappointing, but it is bristle under dysfunctional, costly, and for reasons that appear to be com- not surprising. burdensome laws made right here in pletely unrelated to the merits of this Washington, DC, and day after day, According to a recent study by the amendment. Mercatus Center, in 2012, ‘‘the economy many of them do what Americans have Nevertheless, I would like to take a was $4 trillion smaller than it would always done when faced with an out-of- moment to explain how my amendment have been in the absence of regulatory touch government. They contact their works. This amendment would have growth since 1980.’’ That works out to elected lawmakers to voice their con- provided immediate, much needed fi- about $13,000 of lost earnings for every cerns about those laws and to push for nancial relief to the budgets of hard- man, woman, and child in America. change of those laws and the process by working families and businesses all which they are made. across the country. It would protect Some of my colleagues may think Ask anyone who has ever called, them from the costs of two major rules the costs of our regulatory system are written, or emailed their Member of recently proposed by the Department defensible. I certainly don’t. But I Congress what happens next. It is con- of Energy—rules that impose new en- know there are different opinions out sistent. It is predictable. Blame is ergy-efficiency standards on ceiling there, and that is exactly the point of shifted; fingers are pointed; scapegoats fans and commercial packaged boilers. the REINS Act. That is exactly the of every variety imaginable are Just like the Department of Energy’s point of this amendment—this amend- brought forth to defend those who are ban on incandescent light bulbs, under ment which has been improperly charged with making the laws from the these rules, Americans would no longer blocked. consequences of their own handiwork. be able to buy ceiling fans or commer- Under the broken status quo, Mem- This is the very definition of cial boilers that do not adhere to the bers of Congress can claim innocence— unaccountability, and it pervades the government’s strict new standards. and they regularly do—when an execu- culture of Washington, DC, because Proponents of the rules think this is a tive agency imposes a costly and con- Congress has allowed it to infect our good thing. As former Energy Sec- troversial regulations on the country. laws and our institutions—the very in- retary Steven Chu said about the light In fact, many Members of Congress not stitutions by which those laws are bulb ban back in 2011, ‘‘We are taking only claim innocence, but they claim made. away a choice that continues to let almost victim status. They behave al- Many Americans assume that they people waste their own money.’’ most as if we were a victim, as if we are being lied to when their elected This government-knows-best ap- were someone being acted upon. We lawmakers blame someone else for the proach to regulation is not only arro- don’t even have to debate it. It just laws that are raising the cost of living, gant—it is not only off-puttingly pater- kicks into law by itself. It is self-exe- eating away at their paychecks, and nalistic—it is detached from the eco- cuting. This may be convenient for generally making it harder for indi- nomic realities of American life today. those of us in Washington, but it is vidual Americans and families to real- Most Americans may buy less energy- fundamentally and unacceptably unfair ize the American dream. But the truth efficient ceiling fans than most Wash- to the American people. We don’t make is actually even more troubling than ington bureaucrats, not because they the law this way in this country, but that. Most of the items on the Federal are less intelligent or less concerned that is now how our system is set up. It Government’s interminable list of do’s about saving energy or less concerned is time that we change it. and don’ts governing nearly every ac- about protecting the environment but If Congress is ever going to win back tivity of human life are not in fact because it is what they can afford. The the trust of the American people, we written, debated, discussed, and passed additional costs of these energy-effi- must prove that we are in fact trust- by Congress; rather, they are imposed ciency standards are not insignificant. worthy—trustworthy to do what we are unilaterally by unelected bureaucrats In fact, it is estimated that these two supposed to do and trustworthy to in one of the executive branch’s admin- rules would cost American families and make law—because that is why we istrative agencies. This is true even for businesses more than $3 billion. exist as a part of our government. The what are called major rules, which are Today, the Department of Energy has best way to do that is to make our- regulations that cost the American the power to impose these rules on the selves once again accountable for mak- people more than $100 million each public, and there is very little Congress ing the laws, passing the laws, and year in compliance costs. can do about it. But under my amend- standing accountable for the laws of For instance, look at the Department ment, the two rules would not go into this country. This amendment would of Energy, whose appropriations we are effect unless and until Congress voted be a significant step toward making currently considering. In a single year, to approve them—unless and until Con- Congress accountable again.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 07:16 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00037 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.063 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2540 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 I regret—I deeply regret—that it was retary Kerry noted that in 2014, ISIS [is] an ‘achievable goal’ but one that blocked, but I look forward to advanc- trapped Yazidis, killed them, enslaved require[s] a degree of governmental or- ing similar reforms in the future be- thousands of Yazidi women and girls, ganization that matches the kind of cause the idea of making Congress ac- ‘‘selling them at auction, raping them methodical organization that accom- countable isn’t just a good idea; it is at will and destroying the communities plish mass killings.’’ burned deeply, indelibly within our for which they lived for countless gen- Earlier this year, I introduced the constitutional system. erations.’’ Genocide and Atrocities Prevention It is no accident that the very first I rise here today, in April, not only Act of 2016 to ensure that we do just clause of the first section of the first to commemorate International Geno- that. I am joined in this effort by Sen- article of the Constitution says, ‘‘All cide Awareness and Prevention Month ators TILLIS, MURPHY, MENENDEZ, SHA- legislative Powers herein granted shall and pay respect to the innocents who HEEN, BROWN, GILLIBRAND, be vested in a Congress of the United were slaughtered but also to speak BLUMENTHAL, COONS, MIKULSKI, MAR- States, which shall consist of a Senate about what the United States can and KEY, MERKLEY, BOXER, CASEY, WARREN, and House of Representatives.’’ All leg- must do to prevent atrocities and geno- WHITEHOUSE, MURKOWSKI, BURR, and islative powers—that means all Federal cide. BENNET. This bill authorizes the Board, law in this system is vested in a Con- The commitment to prevent acts of which is a transparent, accountable, gress of the United States. We are not genocide and mass atrocities has been high-level, interagency board that in- supposed to delegate that to someone a centerpiece of policy by consecutive cludes representatives at the assistant else. administrations of the U.S. Govern- secretary level or higher from depart- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- ment. The United States was the first ments and agencies across U.S. Govern- ator’s time has expired. country in the world to sign the Con- ment. Mr. LEE. Mr. President, I yield the vention on the Prevention and Punish- The board will meet monthly to over- floor. ment of the Crime of Genocide, signed see the development and implementa- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- in Paris on December 9, 1948, and Presi- tion of atrocity prevention and re- ator from Maryland. dent Ronald Reagan signed imple- sponse policy, and, additionally, ad- dress over the horizon potential atroc- f menting legislation, allowing the United States to become a party to the ities through the use of a wide variety GENOCIDE AWARENESS AND convention on November 25, 1988. of tools so that we can take effective PREVENTION MONTH In the 2006 ‘‘National Security Strat- action to prevent atrocities from oc- Mr. CARDIN. Mr. President, in many egy,’’ President George W. Bush high- curring. This bill gives our Foreign Service places around the world, April is a lighted the ‘‘moral imperative that officers the training they need to rec- month where we celebrate rebirth and states take against to prevent and pun- ognize patterns of escalation and early renewal. But April has too often been, ish genocide.’’ warning signs of potential atrocities in T. S. Eliot’s words, ‘‘the cruelest I firmly believe that U.S. leadership and conflict. With this training, we month,’’ a month where some of the can make a difference in preventing fu- will, over time, build atrocity preven- world’s darkest moments have cast ture genocides and mass atrocities. tion into the core skill set of our peo- shadows over our humanity. U.S. leadership can save lives by bring- ple on the ground. They will be It was in April 1915 when the Otto- ing the power and resources of the equipped to see the warning signs, ana- man government began rounding up United States to bear on atrocity pre- and murdering leading Armenian poli- lyze the events, and engage early. vention, accountability, and justice. The bill also codifies the Complex ticians, businessmen, and intellectuals, On April 10, 2014, I introduced the Crises Fund, which has been a critical a step that led to the extermination of Syrian War Crimes Accountability Act tool in our ability to quickly respond more than 1 million Armenians. in this Chamber. Three days earlier, to an emerging crises overseas, includ- It was April 1933 that the Nazis the world had marked the 20th anniver- ing potential mass atrocities and con- issued a decree paving a way for the sary of the genocide of Rwanda, one of flict. We used the Complex Crises Fund ‘‘final solution,’’ the annihilation of 6 the most horrific events in modern his- in Tunisia during the Arab Spring and million Jews of Europe. tory, which unfolded as the world stood in Sri Lanka after its civil war. We It was April 1975 that the Khmer back and watched. have used it to respond quickly in Rouge entered Cambodia’s capital city, At that time, I noted: Kenya and in other countries, where we launching a 4-year wave of violence, Unfortunately, we have not learned the helped save lives. Importantly, this bill killing 2 million people. lessons of the past. We must do better to not builds greater transparency and ac- In April 1992, the siege of Sarajevo only see that sort of atrocities never again occur under our watch. countability into the structure of the began in Bosnia, the longest siege in Atrocities Prevention Board. Civil so- modern history, where more than 10,000 That statement was not only a re- ciety will have a say, and Congress will people perished, including 1,500 chil- flection of my beliefs but a promise to have a greater oversight role to make dren. keep the issue of atrocity prevention in sure we are getting this done right. It was in April 1994 that the plane front of the Senate and the American This is a good bill. It does good carrying the President of Rwanda people. things and places the United States on crashed, triggering the beginning of a So today, under the heavy cloud of a solid moral ground. But the moral ar- genocide that killed more than 800,000 atrocities occurring in Syria, South gument alone is not enough. We must people in 100 days. When we talk about Sudan, and elsewhere, I come to ad- also remember that America’s security what happened in Rwanda, it is easy to dress this body again. I am here today and that of our allies is affected when begin to think of genocide as a single, not to look backward about actions not civilians are slaughtered. Our security undifferentiated act of barbarism. In taken. I am here today to stress that is impacted when desperate refugees reality, it was made of many individual our job, our responsibility, is to make stream across borders. Our security is atrocities that took place over 100 sure the United States has the tools— affected when perpetrators of extraor- days. diplomatic, political, economic, and dinary violence wreak havoc on re- In April 2003, innocent civilians in legal—to take effective action before gional stability, destroying commu- Sudan’s Darfur region were attacked, atrocities occur. Essential to this is nities, families, and livelihoods. killing more than 400,000 and displacing authorizing the Atrocities Prevention We have seen groups such as ISIS 2.5 million in a conflict that continues Board and ensuring that the U.S. Gov- systematically targeting communities to this day. ernment has structures in place and on the basis of their ethnicity or reli- This past month, the State Depart- the mechanisms at hand to better pre- gious beliefs and practices. After 60 ment announced that the United vent and respond to potential atroc- years, we still do not have a com- States has determined that ISIS’s ac- ities. prehensive framework to prevent and tion against the Yazidis, Shiite Mus- President Obama, when he estab- respond to mass atrocities in genocide. lims, and Christians in Iraq and Syria lished the Atrocities Prevention Board Let this bill act as a framework and constitutes genocide. Specifically, Sec- in 2012, said that ‘‘preventing genocide also as our call to action so that when

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00038 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.064 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2541 we use the phrase ‘‘never again,’’ we In the weeks following the unrest, I Chamber have been championing. It re- know that we are taking meaningful went back and forth from Baltimore classifies specific low-level, nonviolent action to make that a reality. City to the Senate and the White drug possession felonies as mis- Mr. CARDIN. Mr. President, I ask House, relaying the needs of Balti- demeanors, eliminating the distinction unanimous consent to speak for an ad- moreans to my colleagues and to top between crack and powder cocaine for ditional 10 minutes. Obama administration officials. I was sentencing, and requires fair weight for The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there joined by the Maryland congressional food products. objection? delegation, my colleague and friend Title IV deals with reentry and em- Hearing none, it is so ordered. Senator MIKULSKI—one of the great ployment law reform. It is critically f leaders on this issue—and members of important that people have an oppor- ONE-YEAR ANNIVERSARY OF THE our city delegation—Congressman tunity once they come out of incarcer- DEATH OF FREDDIE GRAY CUMMINGS, Congressman RUPPERS- ation. I don’t think there is a Member BERGER, and Congressman SARBANES. of this Chamber who hasn’t had a sec- Mr. CARDIN. Mr. President, the Congress and the Federal Govern- ond chance. This allows nonprofits to death of Freddie Gray was a national ment responded and continues to re- apply for Second Chance Act grants. tragedy deserving of a national con- spond. I welcomed the announcement It authorizes $200 million annually versation. A year after the death of that the Department of Justice Civil for the Labor Department’s Reentry Freddie Gray, the glare of television Rights Division will open a Federal Employment Opportunities Program. cameras covering the ensuing unrest ‘‘pattern or practice’’ investigation of It is a sense of the Congress that the has faded in Baltimore but the hurt the Baltimore Police Department. This administration should ‘‘ban the box’’ and the continuing effort to heal re- was just one way to help restore the for hiring of Federal contractors. main. eroded trust between communities and Baltimore’s congressional delegation In the 12 months since Freddie Gray’s police. To further this effort, I intro- death, Americans have had long over- has been fighting to ensure Federal re- duced the BALTIMORE Act. The BAL- sources are made available to help the due conversations about racially biased TIMORE Act is comprised of four ti- policing, poverty in cities across Amer- city residents prosper. In the days fol- tles. lowing the unrest, the Small Business ica, the lack of access to quality edu- Title I deals with law enforcement cation, and the scarcity of safe and af- Administration established disaster reform. The BALTIMORE Act places loan outreach centers in Baltimore to fordable housing. These conversations bans on racial profiling by State and have been translated into meaningful help local owners who have been im- local law enforcement, mandatory data pacted by the unrest. actions by Baltimore City residents, collection and reporting, and available community leaders, and lawmakers at The Justice Department has also pro- grants. vided assistance in the form of the Ed- every level. Faith groups, community It requires local law enforcement of- organizations, the business commu- ward Byrne Memorial Justice Assist- ficials receiving funds from the Byrne/ ance Grants to help defray the cost of nity, and many other groups who love JAG and COPS Hiring Programs to and understand the limitless potential policing during the unrest and to help submit officer training information to local law enforcement better safeguard of our city have stood up and articu- the Department of Justice, including lated their vision on how to build a communities from violent crime. how their officers are trained in the The Department of Education’s stronger Baltimore. use of force, countering racial and eth- The death of Freddie Gray was yet Project SERV, or School Emergency nic bias, deescalating conflicts, and Response to Violence, has given re- another painful reminder of the prob- constructive engagement with the pub- lems we have in our criminal justice sources to Baltimore City Public lic. Schools to help students recover from system. I am a strong supporter of the It requires the Department of Justice trauma associated with the unrest. independence of our judicial branch of to report on a plan to assist State and The Environmental Protection Agen- government and the grand jury system, local law enforcement agencies to im- cy pledged funding to help convert va- but I think all of us understand the prove training in the use of force, iden- cant lots into gardens that foster a frustration when there were no crimi- tifying racial and ethnic bias, and con- sense of community and increase pub- nal indictments brought in the flict resolution through the course of lic and environmental health. Trayvon Martin case, the Michael officers’ careers. Brown case, the Eric Garner case, and The Department of Justice shall de- Other Obama administration initia- far too many examples across America. velop Field Training Program policies tives such as My Brother’s Keeper con- I have been working for years to ad- and examine ways to partner with na- tinue to give communities the tools dress problems in our criminal justice tional law enforcement organizations they need to foster long-term positive system. In the days following the death to promote consistent standards for change. These are only a small portion of Freddie Gray and the ensuing un- high quality training and assessment. of the Federal Government’s ongoing rest, I called on the Justice Depart- The Department shall also provide a commitment to the people of Balti- ment to open Federal criminal and report that contains best practices, more City. civil rights investigations into Freddie model policies, and training toolkits. I am proud of the Federal Govern- Gray’s death. On April 21, 2015, I was The Department of Justice will derive ment stepping up to help Baltimore so joined by Representative JOHN CON- action plans for helping law enforce- that Baltimore can reach its full poten- YERS in reintroducing legislation, the ment agencies upgrade their IT sys- tial. Baltimore is my home. Following End Racial Profiling Act, which I origi- tems to submit arrest and officer-in- the death of Freddie Gray was one of nally introduced before the tragic volved shooting data. the most difficult days in the city’s death of Trayvon Martin. Lastly, Title I establishes a pilot pro- history. One year later, Baltimore is As Baltimore emerged from the un- gram to assist local law enforcement in transforming with the help of ordinary rest, I met with community leaders to purchasing or leasing body-worn cam- citizens, the business community, and discuss legislative responses to help eras, which requires privacy study. a slew of nonprofits making a measur- heal Baltimore’s physical wounds and We have a comprehensive section able impact. I have always been hon- how to address many of the core prob- that deals with law enforcement. ored to represent the people of Balti- lems that underpinned the unrest. Title II deals with voting rights and more. As long as I still have that I met with a pharmacy owner whose civil rights restoration. The BALTI- honor, I will continue to make sure the store had been looted. I visited a senior MORE Act restores the right to vote Federal Government is an active part- center that was damaged. I spoke with for all citizens after a prison sentence ner in empowering Baltimore City to residents in east and west Baltimore. I is served, returning citizens the right reach its full potential. visited Freddie Gray’s elementary to vote. It also restores eligibility to In the year since the death of Freddie school to hear from teachers and com- sit on Federal juries after a prison sen- Gray, we have made progress in build- munity leaders about what tools they tence has been served. ing a more just America by investing required for the Federal Government to Title III deals with sentencing law in Baltimore. Let us continue to build better meet the needs of students. reform, which many colleagues in this upon that progress.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 07:16 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00039 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.066 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2542 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- I knew Harry Wu. He testified before corporations don’t want to acknowl- ator from Ohio. the Congressional-Executive Commis- edge and want to turn a blind eye to- Mr. BROWN. Mr. President, I ask sion on China when I was chairman. He ward slave labor. It reminds me of unanimous consent to speak in morn- had testified several times. something from a few years ago when ing business. As recently as 2012, Mr. Wu warned an American drug company was mak- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Congress: ing a blood thinner—much of the pro- ator is recognized. The Laogai— duction of that blood thinner came f The forced labor camp— from China—with contaminated ingre- REMEMBERING HARRY WU system [is] deeply rooted into [China’s] eco- dients, and a number of people in To- ledo, OH, died. The drug company Mr. BROWN. Mr. President, on Tues- nomic structure. . . . China’s working class didn’t know where these products came day, the world lost a courageous activ- is different from that of the modern demo- cratic countries. It includes not only ‘‘work- from. They knew they came from ist for international workers’ rights, ers’’ in the ordinary sense, but also ‘‘work- China, but they didn’t know where Harry Wu. Harry Wu spent 19 years in ers’’ of the prison enterprises. their supply ingredients came from. one of China’s ‘‘laogai’’ prison labor These would be slaves. He warned Think about that. They should be lia- camps. That word is pretty much un- that ‘‘prisoners in Laogai, more like ble for that—at least you would think known in English—L-A-O-G-A-I. It is a state slaves than enterprise workers, they should—but they just didn’t think word that the Chinese made famous, at provide the state with an endless about the moral question there. least in their part of the world, as the source of cheap or payless labor force.’’ A year and a half ago I gave a speech terribly brutal labor camps where they This system is an egregious human to the Council on Foreign Relations, sent political prisoners. Mr. Wu was imprisoned in 1960 at age rights abuse against hundreds of thou- warning that before we sign any bilat- 23 because he spoke out against Com- sands of Chinese people. It hurts Amer- eral investment treaty with China, we munist China’s ally in 1960, the Soviet ican workers who are then forced to need to demand that China comply Union, after its invasion of Hungary. compete. with existing international obligations Over those 19 years, from 1960 to 1979, This system they have set up is one in domestic law. We have given China Mr. Wu was brutalized. He was sent to of the reasons that people are really chance after chance, pushing for in- work on farms, mines, and prison upset about what is happening in this creased engagement, even though we camps. He was beaten and forced into country. Companies in my State of know that China will play by its own concrete cases. As he has written and Ohio shut down production in Lima, rules. In the past year and a half, noth- told us, he survived on food he foraged Zanesville, and Chillicothe, then ing has changed. We need to make in rats’ nests. moved overseas to China in order to clear the international obligations we After his release, following Mao’s get a tax break, hired Chinese work- expect China to meet on cyber secu- death, Harry Wu dedicated the rest of ers—some of them were slave laborers rity, human rights, forced labor, slaves his life to exposing the horrors that his for some of the component manufac- making products that American chil- homeland leaders inflicted on their turing; some of them were just low- dren use, international trade, workers’ own citizens. He risked his life to re- paid labor—to make these products in rights, and other issues. We need to de- turn to China under cover and gathered a totalitarian system and sell them mand that China meet these standards secret footage of the abuses in China’s back in the United States. American now. laogai, China’s prison camps. He companies never talk about the moral Increased engagement by the United wouldn’t let the world ignore Chinese dimension of that. States may have led to more agree- atrocities. He wouldn’t let us forget I wrote a book a dozen or so years ments on paper, and that is fine, but in that opening our doors to China—de- ago called the ‘‘Myths of Free Trade.’’ reality the only thing it has achieved manded by U.S. corporations with few I interviewed Harry Wu about this is our ongoing tolerance of Chinese strings attached—came at a steep book. He told me: ‘‘Capitalism must transgressions. It may be tolerance, it price. Through the footage he col- never be equated with democracy.’’ Be- may be ignoring, it may be shrugging lected, he helped show the world that cause our country believes in cap- our shoulders, it may be burying our products like cheap wrenches and arti- italism and democracy, we think they heads in the sand, but I don’t think we ficial flowers sold in the United States always go together. Well, they don’t. want to think much about slave labor were made with forced labor. Think According to Harry Wu: in China. I don’t think when we buy about what this was about. U.S. compa- Capitalism must never be equated with de- these products at Walmart—special- nies would shut down their production mocracy. . . . Don’t believe it about China. izing in Chinese products—that we in Mansfield, my hometown, or maybe My homeland is mired in thousands of years want to think much about where these in Baton Rouge or Cleveland, and move of rule by one bully at a time, whether you products were made. We often know their production to China and sell call him emperor or chairman. Don’t be they were made in China, but we don’t fooled by electronics or air conditioning. those products back to the United really want to think about how those States. The U.S. companies that moved Before his death, I think Mr. Wu workers produced these products. to China never addressed the moral would have said: Yes, the United States Harry Wu’s passing is a reminder issue of what that move did to our has been fooled. Maybe we choose to be that this needs to end. His legacy in- communities. They never addressed the fooled; maybe we choose to not know cludes the Laogai Museum here in moral issue of, in some cases, using how the products that we hold in our Washington. I encourage my colleagues Chinese forced labor to make their hands are made—by an oppressive gov- to visit the museum and pay their re- products. These companies could also ernment using forced labor workers. spects to Harry Wu. The best way they sell their products a little bit cheaper We have been on a continuous march can pay their respects to Harry Wu is in the United States, and as a result, toward more trade with China and de- by changing our policies. The thou- these companies could reap much big- manded far little in return. We have sands upon thousands of other name- ger profits. The moral question of U.S. turned a blind eye to China’s labor less prisoners who suffered in these trade relations with China has rarely practices for too long. When you hear Chinese prison camps should be hon- been touched in this body. It is just in- Presidential candidates and others ored equally. We can’t forget this trag- convenient for us to think about. Well, complaining about China, it is always ic legacy, and we can’t forget the Mr. Wu never let it be inconvenient. about putting American workers out of human rights abuses that continue to As we approach the 15th anniversary work, which it should be, but the other this day as they continue to make of China’s entry into the World Trade part of that moral question is about these same products in these same Organization this year and review Chi- how we are using slave laborers in working conditions with these same na’s nonmarket economy status, we China to undercut American workers. slave laborers. It is shameful. It should should not forget the lessons of Harry How could an American worker or com- not continue. Wu. Over the past decade, we have seen pany possibly compete with slave labor I suggest the absence of a quorum. that prosperity in China does not lead in China? Obviously we can’t, but we The PRESIDING OFFICER. The to more political freedom. leave that moral question because U.S. clerk will call the roll.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00040 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.068 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2543 The senior assistant legislative clerk airports and train stations and ensure professionals keep us—Americans and proceeded to call the roll. that the men and women patrolling our guests—safe and secure each day. Mr. CARPER. Mr. President, I ask those areas can effectively respond to One of FLETC’s world-class instruc- unanimous consent that the order for the types of active shooter incidents tors is Greg King, pictured right here the quorum call be rescinded. we have unfortunately seen more fre- to my left. For nearly 10 years, Mr. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without quently in recent months. King has been an instructor at FLETC, objection, it is so ordered. These commonsense amendments are utilizing his own experience to train f just one of the many ways we can sup- Federal officers deployed around the port the men and women at TSA and world. TRIBUTE TO FEDERAL Before coming to FLETC, Greg EMPLOYEES throughout the Department of Home- land Security who work on the served his hometown of Cleveland, OH, GREG KING frontlines every day screening pas- working for the Cleveland Police De- Mr. CARPER. Good afternoon, Mr. sengers, guarding our ports of entry, partment for 28 years. If he is listening, President. For more than a year now, and patrolling our transit hubs. I would just suggest that I have been as the Presiding Officer knows since he One part of the support we need to thinking that Greg may have started has had the good fortune—or bad for- extend to these brave public servants is when he was about 10. He looks pretty tune of drawing the short straw—of sit- world-class training and education. By good for a guy who has been doing that ting there when I come to the Senate expanding and improving training op- for this long. He has a career spanning floor just about every month to high- portunities for our law enforcement nearly three decades. Greg did every- light the extraordinary work that is personnel, we can make sure they have thing from working undercover as a being done by the men and women of the knowledge and make sure they street crimes unit detective, to inves- the Department of Homeland Secu- have the capability to respond to every tigating financial crimes, murders, and rity—I am here to do that again today. situation that may arise. That is why crimes against children. For those 28 The agency has so many talented folks, one of the best tools in our homeland years, Greg has dedicated his life to and they do incredibly important work, security arsenal is the Federal Law En- protecting the community of Cleveland so there is no shortage of material. forcement Training Center. and giving back to the town in which As the Presiding Officer knows, the As my staff knows, I don’t like acro- he grew up. Department of Homeland Security is nyms very much, but this is a pretty Today, Greg serves as a senior in- made up of 22 component agencies and good one. It is called the Federal Law structor at FLETC, working as pro- employs over 200,000 people. These men Enforcement Training Center. It is lo- gram coordinator for the Case Organi- and women work around the clock, and zation and Presentation Training Pro- cated in Glynco, GA. It goes by the ac- the work they do is designed to protect gram, the Internet Investigations ronym F-L-E-T-C, and we affection- all of us—protect our families and pro- Training Program, and as assistant ately call it FLETC. I am not crazy tect our country. Last month we were program coordinator for the Intel- about acronyms, but that is a pretty reminded of just how crucial the work ligence Analyst Training Program. good one. We call it FLETC. they do is when terrorists attacked a The Federal Law Enforcement Train- Greg has a wealth of knowledge in train station and airport check-in area ing Center is tasked with teaching the these areas. His colleagues call him— in Brussels, Belgium, setting off bombs this is a quote, their words, not mine— men and women we deploy to the that killed 32 people and wounded hun- a real ‘‘subject matter expert’’ with the frontlines how to best utilize the tech- dreds more. Our thoughts and prayers kind of expertise that can only come nologies and techniques needed to pro- have been and remain with the fami- from real-world experience. Through tect Americans here at home and lies, loved ones, and victims of these the lesson plans and course materials around the world. They provide train- horrible attacks. he develops, Greg strives to impart the ing to literally dozens of Federal agen- Just 6 days before these tragic at- firsthand knowledge he gained on the cies, State law enforcement personnel tacks, I spoke on the floor about the force to his students so that when they from across our country, and our inter- difficult but critical work performed leave his class, they are able to effec- national partners, who travel from all by the 59,000 employees of the Trans- tively build cases, conduct investiga- portation Security Administration, af- over the world to learn from the best tions, analyze information, and ulti- fectionately known as TSA. These men right here in America. From active mately catch the bad guys. and women work every day. They do so shooter trainings, to advanced forensic At FLETC, Greg’s colleagues also to ensure that all of us—Americans and techniques, to methods to counter refer to him as an ‘‘Energizer bunny.’’ tourists who visit—may travel around human trafficking, FLETC instructors Some of my colleagues have referred to our country and around the world safe provide training in nearly 100 courses. me in those same terms. I think it is a from harm. They host the training academies for a compliment—I hope so—and in his The attack in Brussels shows us once number of other agencies, including case, I am sure it is. His energy and his again just how important these ef- Customs and Border Protection, Immi- passion for his work inspire other in- forts—performed by the men and gration and Customs Enforcement, and structors and keep his students en- women at TSA—are to every single the U.S. Coast Guard. gaged. American and to our visitors. It also Recently, TSA announced that they Given his dedication to his students reminds us how important it is that would be establishing a new, perma- and to the FLETC mission, Greg has TSA has the tools and resources needed nent academy for transportation secu- earned the respect of his peers and to effectively carry out their mission. rity officers at FLETC’s main facility FLETC leadership alike. It is no won- To help ensure that the TSA is well in Glynco, GA. Having their training der, then, that Greg King was named equipped to protect the public, I centralized at FLETC will allow TSA FLETC instructor of the year for 2015. worked with a number of our Senate to better ensure uniform training for Think about that—instructor of the colleagues last week—Democrats and all of their officers and better collabo- year for the entire school. It is clearly Republicans alike—to include amend- rate with other components of the De- a well-deserved honor. ments to a bill reauthorizing the Fed- partment of Homeland Security. When Greg isn’t training law enforce- eral Aviation Administration. Our Providing world-class training and ment professionals, he spends time amendments will help make airports instruction to tens of thousands of law with his family—his wife Shelley, their and transit hubs across our country enforcement officers each year requires two daughters Lela and Shayla; and safer for travelers by doubling the bringing together some of the most their son Rayshawn. I want to give my number of teams—called VIPR teams— highly qualified professional instruc- special thanks to Greg’s wife Shelley of Federal agents and bomb-sniffing tors from across our country. The more and to their two daughters and their dogs that patrol our airports and sub- than 1,000 men and women from across son for sharing him with us—with the ways to deter and identify potential law enforcement who serve at FLETC people of Cleveland and now the people attackers. utilize their personal experience in the of the United States—for not just 28 These amendments will also make se- field to create and to lead effective years but 38 years in all. He has dedi- curity improvements to public areas in trainings that help law enforcement cated countless hours, I am told as

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00041 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.070 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2544 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 well, to his community and to his planes we get on, whether they are The senior assistant legislative clerk country in addition to that. going 200, 300, 400 miles or 2,000 or 3,000 proceeded to call the roll. In his 10 years at FLETC, Greg King miles to go from one side of our coun- Mr. CARPER. Mr. President, I ask has helped train countless law enforce- try to the other side or one side of the unanimous consent that the order for ment officers, who have used the valu- world to the other side—the job of the the quorum call be rescinded. able lessons from his courses every sin- TSA officers is to protect us. They The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without gle day to arrest criminals, to protect have a very tough job, and there is ac- objection, it is so ordered. our fellow citizens, and to help keep tually a tension in the job that exists f Americans safe around the world. because of the work they do. COMMEMORATING THE BUILDING FLETC has four core values that the On the one hand, every day there are OF THE SSN 791 SUBMARINE agency and their employees attempt to tens of thousands of travelers, maybe ‘‘USS DELAWARE’’ abide by, and I am going to mention hundreds of thousands of travelers, those today: No. 1, respect; No. 2, integ- pulsing through our airports, trying to Mr. CARPER. Mr. President, just a rity—one of our former colleagues, get from a terminal, from a gate, onto short note. I think it is important, es- Alan Simpson, the Senator from Wyo- a plane in time to catch their flights. pecially for those who are privileged to ming, used to say about integrity: If In some cases, they have had to re- live in the First State—the first State you have it, nothing else matters. If check their bags. They have had to go to ratify the Constitution. you don’t have it, nothing else mat- through maybe unloading their suit- Delaware ratified the Constitution on ters. Integrity is the second value I cases and showing that what they have December 7, 1787, before any other want to mention for FLETC. So re- in their suitcases is not inappropriate State did so. For 1 week, Delaware was spect, integrity, service, and excel- or illegal. There is a rush to get the entire United States of America, lence. through to try to catch their flights. and then we opened it up to Pennsyl- I like to say that one of the things we TSA is there. In some cases, they slow vania, Maryland, New Jersey, Lou- need to focus on is to have excellence down that traffic, that flow, and they isiana, and others. It turned out pretty in everything we do as a country, here slow down that flow of traffic in order well. It was a great week. in the Senate and across the country. to make sure that what all of us pas- I think that because our State is re- If it isn’t perfect, make it better. And sengers every day are carrying in our markable in starting the whole coun- that is one of the core values for suitcases or briefcases or purses or on try, we have a lot of ships—submarines FLETC. our bodies is not inappropriate and is or aircraft carriers—named after it. It Respect, integrity, service, and excel- not illegal. They do it to protect all of has been decades since there has been lence. I have mentioned that those val- us. Sometimes the TSA folks get a lit- any naval vessel named after the First ues actually look a little bit like some tle bit frazzled. I would say we would, State. of the values we embrace in the office too, if we had to do the work they do. A couple of years ago, Dr. Jill Biden, from the State that I am privileged to A lot of times, when I fly commercial the wife of the Vice President, and I represent. Greg has lived this one, and when I go through the check-in, joined Navy Secretary Ray Mabus to using his own experience, to make the after they check my ID or whatever, I announce that work would begin in a next generation of law enforcement of- take it upon myself to say to the TSA few years from that point—work would ficers and our country even better pre- officers—I tell them who I am, that I begin building a fast attack nuclear pared to face the threats of tomorrow. am a senior Democrat on the Senate submarine. It would be called the USS Greg is just one shining example of Committee on Homeland Security and Delaware, and the number of the ship the critical work being done by more Governmental Affairs, and I thank would be SSN 791. than 1,000 instructors at FLETC. These them for what they do. I say: We value This Saturday in Newport News, VA, instructors make it their own mission your work and we appreciate it, and I Dr. Jill Biden, the wife of the Vice to ensure that law enforcement per- just wanted you to know that. I can’t President, who is officially the sponsor sonnel across our country are well pre- tell you how many times a TSA officer of the submarine, will be there to join pared for whatever they might face on has said to me: Nobody has ever Secretary Ray Mabus. I will have the the job. thanked me before. Nobody has ever good fortune of joining them for the So to Greg, to all of the men and thanked me before. keeling, which is the first step in the women at FLETC, and to everyone at Sometimes we can’t pay people construction of a brandnew vessel, the the Department of Homeland Security, enough for the work they do, and they USS Delaware, SSN 791. I thank you for your hard work day in work hard for their money. These submarines are not built in a and day out, I thank you for your serv- I would ask others, when you see day. This is a project that will take a ice to the people of our country, and I somebody, especially TSA officers who couple of years, but a very good thing urge you to keep up the good work. go out of their way in spite of all of the for our State and I hope for our coun- Some of us travel on trains. Some of hustle and bustle and pressure on try is about to begin; that is, the ad- us travel on buses. Some of us travel them—they manage to still be polite, venture of building a submarine that on airplanes and helicopters, in our courteous, and helpful—thank them. It will help defend our country, help keep own cars, trucks, and vans. I do a com- might be the first time. You may be- the sea lanes open, and better ensure bination of those, but I do a fair come the first person who has ever said that we remain a nation that is brave amount of travel in the air. I was a ‘‘thank you’’ to them. and free. naval flight officer for many years. I At the end of the day, one of the I mentioned earlier in my brief re- am a retired Navy captain. I spent a lot things that means a lot to me is when- marks that I spent some years of my of time in Navy airplanes. I love the ever people thank me for my service to life in the Navy—5 years in a hot war Navy. I loved serving in the Navy. But our country, whether it was in uniform in Southeast Asia as a P–3 aircraft mis- now they don’t let me—they let me or as Governor, Senator, or here today. sion commander, and toward the end of ride in a commercial plane. Sometimes So I urge you to do that. When I do those 5 years as a P–3 aircraft mission we get to fly in military planes, too, that, it makes me feel better and it commander I was a naval flight officer. which is a kick. But when you fly com- makes them feel better too. Then, for another 18 years, I was a P– mercial aviation, at the airport you Mr. President, I am looking around 3 aircraft mission commander in the generally go through a security check, the Senate Chamber, looking for Reserves, chasing Soviet subs all over and they want to make sure you are Democrats or Republicans who are the world. not carrying anything in your luggage rushing to get to the podium to say We would train with American sub- or anything on your person that is in- something. I don’t see anybody rush- marines, and we would track fast at- appropriate or illegal. And you have to ing. tack boats. It is a fast attack boat that be confronted by usually a series of With that, I suggest the absence of a will be built and named after Delaware. TSA officers. I just want to remind us quorum. We would track ballistic missile sub- all that they are there to protect us. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The marines, American submarines. We That is their job, to make sure the clerk will call the roll. would also track those from other

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00042 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.071 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2545 countries, especially those from the In the 1920s, Sinclair introduced tuckian renowned across the Common- Soviet Union. It wasn’t that hard to America to the first modern service wealth, died on April 21 of this year. He find them, to track them, to know the stations. These early retail gasoline was 88 years old. location of Soviet nuclear submarines outlets offered oil changes, minor me- My wife, Elaine, and I are deeply sad- that were on deployment. They weren’t chanical repairs, and, for the first dened by Ward’s death. Ward rose from easy to find, to locate and track, but time, public restrooms that motorists humble beginnings to great business they were a whole lot easier than could use while an attendant pumped success, and he also generously and tracking our own. ‘‘Run Silent, Run gas into their vehicles. The convenient charitably shared the fruits of his suc- Deep,’’ and that is exactly what our amenities of these service stations en- cess with others in his hometown of submarines did and still do. We have abled the creation of a uniquely Amer- Somerset and throughout Kentucky. the best submarine force in the world. ican experience: the long road trip. Many have benefitted from his philan- I am very proud of all of them, and Sinclair’s success continued through thropy, and he will be terribly missed. they are delighted to be joined by SSN tough times. During the Great Depres- Ward was a household name in Ken- 791 in a couple of years, and we get to sion, the company bought up dying tucky. A self-made man, he created a kick it off in 2 days in Newport News, competitors, saving hundreds of Amer- business empire, including an oil dis- VA. ican jobs. And during World War II, tributorship and many property, busi- I wish everybody a good recess. The Sinclair supported the Allies with ness, and financial holdings. He was a pages are going to be in charge until high-octane fuel, tankers, and more. major stockholder in First Southern we get back in about 8 or 9 days, and I In 1948, Harry Ford Sinclair officially National Bank. am sure they will do a good job. Thank retired, but 28 years later, Earl Hold- Ward believed strongly in giving you so much. ing, another American business icon, back to the community that he loved I suggest the absence of a quorum. acquired the company, leading Sinclair so much. He was a financial benefactor The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. SUL- Oil into a new era of prosperity and to dozens of charities, churches, sports LIVAN). The clerk will call the roll. growth. Earl had grown up with noth- teams, and other organizations, includ- The senior assistant legislative clerk ing during the Great Depression, but ing Somerset Christian School—which proceeded to call the roll. like Harry Sinclair, he turned a will- honors his family’s contribution with a Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I monument on the school campus—and ask unanimous consent that the order ingness to work into success. Before the University of the Cumberlands, for the quorum call be rescinded. purchasing Sinclair Oil, Earl and his The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without wife, Carol, built the Little America where the science complex is named in objection, it is so ordered. chain of hotels and gas stations. In his and his late wife’s honor. The Ward fact, the Little America chain became Correll Sports Complex, a popular des- f Sinclair’s biggest customer before the tination in Somerset, is thanks to his 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF SINCLAIR Holdings bought the oil company. efforts. OIL Earl was well known for his bril- For all his success in life, Ward grad- Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, today I liance, but he was equally regarded for uated high school with less than $3 in wish to pay tribute to a well-respected his steadiness and warmth. These per- his pocket. He hitchhiked to Detroit, American company: the Sinclair Oil sonal qualities enabled him to make where he worked odd jobs. After serv- Corporation. This May marks 100 years Harry Sinclair’s empire somehow feel ing his country in the U.S. Army in an since Harry Ford Sinclair founded the like a mom-and-pop business. No task intelligence unit during the Korean corporation after purchasing petroleum at the company was beneath Earl, war, he returned home to Somerset and assets from 11 smaller companies. In whether it was serving coffee or married his wife, Regina. its centennial year, Sinclair Oil con- digging ditches. He even hosted annual Ward and Regina’s first business was tinues to thrive as one of the oldest conferences and parties so he could per- selling bananas. From that, he built continuously operated brands in the sonally meet partners and employees himself into the titan of business and petroleum business and the seventh from around the country. philanthropy whom we mourn today. largest fuel company in the United Today Sinclair Oil continues to suc- Ward received the 2002 Kentuckian States. Today I wish to congratulate ceed under the leadership of CEO Ross Award from the A.B. Chandler Founda- the company on its 100th anniversary. Matthews. Family values hold the com- tion. He was named Outstanding Phi- Most people know Sinclair Oil for its pany together, while innovation drives lanthropist by the Association of Fund- iconic green Apatosaurus, but behind it forward. As the company celebrates raising Professionals Bluegrass Chap- the character is a company fueled by its centennial, the spirit created by ter in 2003. In that same year, he re- two real American legends: Harry Ford Harry Sinclair and Earl Holding lives ceived the Business of the Year Award Sinclair and Earl Holding. on, as does Dino, the familiar green di- as an Entrepreneurial Success from the Harry Ford Sinclair experienced his nosaur that is the beloved mascot of Somerset-Pulaski County Chamber of fair share of setbacks before becoming Sinclair Oil. Commerce. And he received the Som- a successful businessman. In fact, Sin- In closing, I would like to offer just a erset-Pulaski County Distinguished clair was just 25 years old when a spec- few words in memory of the company’s Community Service Award in 2014. ulative investment went south, and he late CEO, Earl Holding. I knew Earl The people of Pulaski County were lost his father’s drugstore, but the bad personally and considered him a dear accustomed to seeing full-page ads in investment turned out to be a blessing friend. He inspired his employees the local paper bought by Ward Correll, in disguise for the brash and brilliant through genuine kindness and humble each one sharing some bit of wisdom or young man, who was never cut out for leadership. Earl was a master of com- personal philosophy from Ward that he the quiet, meticulous life of a druggist merce, but more importantly, he was a wished to pass on to others. He ended in the first place. good and honorable man of uncompro- each ad with the signature line, ‘‘Hoo- After losing his family’s drugstore, mising character and integrity. Al- ray, cheers! Ward Correll.’’ Sinclair found work selling lumber for though Earl left us only 3 years ago, I want to send my deepest condo- oil derricks. Soon, he was buying and his legacy is alive and well. Today I lences and prayers to Ward’s family at selling small oil leases on the side, and wish his beautiful wife and children the their time of loss. Now is the time to his ‘‘side’’ business did well enough to very best. wish one final hooray and cheers to the attract investors. Sinclair’s successes f man who leaves behind a powerful leg- snowballed as he rolled small profits acy. Kentucky honors Ward Correll for into bigger ventures, eventually lead- REMEMBERING WARD CORRELL his life and his lifetime of service, and ing to a payout in Oklahoma’s Glenn Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I we mourn his passing. Pool oil field that made him a million- wish to pay tribute to a good friend The Lexington Herald-Leader pub- aire by age 30. In 1916, he founded the and a distinguished Kentuckian who lished an article detailing Ward Sinclair Oil and Refining Corporation. has sadly passed away after a resound- Correll’s life and career. I ask unani- Three years later, the company had ingly successful life and career of many mous consent that the article be print- grown to four times its original size. decades. Ward Correll, a native Ken- ed in the RECORD.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00043 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.073 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2546 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 There being no objection, the mate- moted valuable skills for boys and girl but also foster connections between rial was ordered to be printed in the and their families in the Las Vegas students and legal professionals. RECORD, as follows: area. The organization has developed I applaud executive director Tom [From the Lexington Herald-Leader, Apr. 23, family-based services in the home by Kovach and his team for strong leader- 2016] aiding in the process of reunifying fam- ship in an important organization for SOMERSET BUSINESSMAN WARD CORRELL, ilies. Boys Town strives to provide the children throughout the State. I am KNOWN FOR PHILANTHROPY, DEAD AT AGE 88 necessary skills to create and maintain pleased that through your and other’s (By Bill Estep) a stable household for all members of selfless efforts, incalculable numbers of Somerset businessman Ward F. Correll, the family. students and communities have been recognized for millions of dollars’ worth of For more than a century, Boys Town positively affected by Project Real. I philanthropy in support of various causes, has followed Father Edward Flanagan’s would like to recognize Irwin Molasky died Thursday at University of Kentucky mission to save children and heal fami- and Sam Lionel, as well. It was because Chandler Hospital. He was 88. lies through the power of love, family, of their vision for children in Nevada Correll had been hospitalized since suf- and faith. Because of their positive im- to become responsible citizens that fering what police said were accidental gun- shot wounds at his home early March 9. pact in Nevada, they have been able to they founded Project Real. This organi- Correll had business interests in a shop- improve the lives of nearly 15,000 chil- zation is an invaluable part of commu- ping center, an oil and gas distributorship dren over the last two decades. Their nities throughout the State, and I and a life insurance company, and he was a dedication and their hard work resem- would like to extend my best wishes for founder of First Southern National Bank. bles Nevada’s values to sustain healthy continued success. Correll had given millions to causes and relationships and minimize problems f projects including land for a water park and that affect the mental health of each youth baseball field in Somerset; land and fi- REMEMBERING LAURA CHA-YU family. nancial support for Somerset Christian LIU School; money to renovate an auditorium at As part of the 12th annual Journey of Somerset High School; and $1 million for a Hope gala, I would like to honor Diana Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, it is classroom building at the University of the Bennet and Scott Menke for being the with a heavy heart that I share the Cumberlands in Williamsburg. The building 2016 Hope Awards recipients. These phi- news that Judge Laura Cha-Yu Liu was named for Correll and his late wife, Re- lanthropy icons exemplify the gen- passed away last week. A longtime gina. erosity and commitment to dedicate resident of Chicago, Judge Liu was He also made smaller donations, reportedly their lives to impact the lives of chil- only 49 years old. Although her time giving away $30 worth of gas from his sta- dren, families, and all Nevada commu- with us was far too short, her accom- tions to active-duty military personnel in plishments were many. Judge Liu 2009, for instance. nities. Observers said Correll’s philanthropy had I applaud executive director Denise broke barriers. She was the first Chi- touched countless lives. Biden and her team for her strong lead- nese American woman to become judge ‘‘It has built the community up from every ership in one of the most important or- in Illinois, the first Chinese American aspect,’’ said Carolyn Mounce, head of the ganizations for children in the State of elected to public office in Cook County. Somerset-Pulaski County Convention and Nevada. Her dedication though the past And in 2014, Judge Liu became the first Visitors Bureau. 15 years has positively impacted more Asian American to serve on the Illinois U.S. Rep. Hal Rogers, a Somerset Repub- appellate court. lican, said Correll’s impact will last for gen- than 3,000 children each year. This or- erations. ganization is an invaluable part of Her story is the story of the Amer- ‘‘His generosity was as vast as his business communities throughout the State, ican dream. Born in Carbondale, IL, ingenuity, and he routinely used both to in- and I would like to extend my best her parents were immigrants fleeing a spire and encourage everyone around him,’’ wishes for continued success. dire political situation and the terrors Rogers said. ‘‘Ultimately, Ward loved his f of war. They came to this country as God, his family, his community and his foreign exchange students in the hopes country, and spent a lifetime faithfully serv- 10TH ANNIVERSARY OF PROJECT of providing a better life for their chil- ing each one with great passion and enthu- REAL dren. Liu’s first language was Man- siasm.’’ Correll was born in Wayne County, one of Mr. REID. Mr. President, I wish to darin, and she started school speaking 13 children, and grew up in Pulaski County honor the 10th anniversary of Project very little English. She overcame the in modest circumstances. Real. Project Real will formally cele- language barrier and graduated as her He told the story of leaving home after brate over 10 years of teaching Nevada high school’s valedictorian. In 1987, she high school with $2.67 and hitchhiking to De- students the importance of the law and received a bachelor’s degree from troit for work, returning home several giving them the tools they need to pre- Youngstown State University and a months later with a bit more money in his vent crime. law degree from the University of Cin- pocket. Since 2005, Project Real has met the He eventually developed a shopping center cinnati in 1991. in the 1960s on what was then a sparsely challenge of teaching Nevada students As the daughter of immigrants, built stretch of U.S. 27 in Somerset, now from kindergarten through high school Judge Liu took extraordinary pride in crowded with hundreds of businesses. about the principles of democracy, law, her work on the Illinois Supreme Correll frequently bought full-page adver- and the responsibilities of citizenship. Court’s Access to Justice program, tisements in the Commonwealth-Journal The organization is working to bring aimed at making the system more ac- newspaper in Somerset to publish inspira- law and civic education back into Ne- cessible to immigrants and non-English tional quotes. vada’s classrooms by providing pro- speakers. She helped draft require- Correll, a Korean War veteran, is survived by six children, nine grandchildren and eight grams that give students of all ages the ments that courts provide qualified in- great-grandchildren, according to Lake Cum- opportunity to learn about our judicial terpreters for parties and witnesses. berland Funeral Home. system. Project Real takes pride in en- Throughout her career, Judge Liu was f suring that students are positive con- a staunch defender of individuals’ tributors to the communities in which rights, especially the most vulnerable RECOGNIZING THE 25TH ANNIVER- they reside. in our community. It wasn’t uncom- SARY OF BOYS TOWN NEVADA Since its inception, the organization mon for Judge Liu to delay court pro- IN THE 12TH ANNUAL JOURNEY has also been a strong supporter of aca- ceedings when people struggled to un- OF HOPE GALA demic programs that allow children to derstand, saying: ‘‘We’re going to wait Mr. REID. Mr. President, I wish to gain a better understanding of our judi- for an interpreter.’’ And no one did honor the 25th anniversary of Boys cial system. Working closely with the more to ensure that language barriers Town Nevada. Serving southern Ne- State bar of Nevada, Project Real pre- would not stand in the way of justice vada’s most vulnerable children, Boys pares Nevada’s children to become in- for all at Daley Center. Town Nevada helps to support and edu- volved, participating citizens who un- Five years ago, Judge Liu was diag- cate children and families in need. derstand their responsibilities and nosed with breast cancer, but that Boys Town opened its doors in Ne- rights. These programs not only en- didn’t slow her down. She continued vada in 1991. Since then, they have pro- courage students to act with integrity, working, running for election in 2012

VerDate Sep 11 2014 07:16 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00044 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.061 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2547 and, 2 years later, winning her appoint- Week. In March, the SBA announced attract skiers, riders, bikers, paddlers, ment to the appellate court. She never the slate of 2016 Vermont small busi- and many other adventurers to our complained; she just kept going. Dur- ness award winners, which included State both to live and to visit. Natu- ing chemotherapy, she said, ‘‘I put on three tremendous businesses from rally all of these outdoor enthusiasts my wig, put on my eyebrows, lots of Lamoille County. The award winners need some place to be outfitted. Power blush, happy face, get out of bed and included the Small Business Person of Play Sports has been a staple of the went to work.’’ That is courage. the Year, Tom Stearns of High Mowing local sporting goods scene for more Judge Liu was the recipient of nu- Seeds; Woman-Owned Business of the than 20 years, but was recently pur- merous honors and awards. Here are Year, Debbie Burritt of Sweet Crunch chased by Caleb Magoon. Caleb first just a few: the Asian Pacific American Bakeshop & Catering; and Young En- worked at Power Play as a teenager Community Service Award; the Chi- trepreneur of the Year, Caleb Magoon, and returned to manage the store after nese American Bar Association of of Power Play Sports. living in Boston for a number of years. Greater Chicago’s Sandra Otaka Dis- In Vermont, we place a high value on He has demonstrated a great entrepre- tinguished Judicial Service Award; Illi- small businesses. They make up the neurial vision, consolidating his other nois’ Judges Foundation’s ‘‘the Leader backbone of our economy and the heart business under one roof and opening a Who Shares Experience Leaves a Leg- and soul of our communities. I am in- new store in Waterbury, VT. This type acy of Success’’ Award; Asian Amer- credibly proud of the three Lamoille of passion and growth are qualities we ican Bar Association’s 2014 Vanguard County businesses being recognized want to encourage in Vermont and de- Award for her work to make ‘‘the law both because of their hard work and serve recognition. and legal profession more accessible to entrepreneurial spirit, but also because I want to congratulate these three and reflective of the community at they represent a true cross section of businesses and all the Vermont busi- large’’; Illinois Secretary of State’s the Vermont economy. nesses who were recognized by the SBA Distinguished Leadership Award—and Vermonters share an inherent bond for a job well done. I look forward to the honors go on and on. Judge Liu was with our State’s natural resources. Our their future successes. At this time, I also a member of the Illinois Judges State prides itself on our strong agri- ask unanimous consent that the fol- Association, Chicago Bar Association, cultural history and the renaissance we lowing article written by Kayla Illinois State Bar Association, Asian are seeing in diversified agriculture Friedrich of the Stowe Reporter recog- American Bar Association of Greater and value added food production. For nizing Tom, Debbie, and Caleb for their Chicago, and Lesbian and Gay Bar As- many farmers, this connection starts awards be printed in the RECORD. sociation of Chicago. with their soil and the seeds they plant There being no objection, the mate- She was an extraordinarily accom- in the ground. What started as a hobby rial was ordered to be printed in the plished professional, but Judge Liu’s for Tom Stearns 20 years ago has grown RECORD, as follows: proudest accomplishment was being a into a dynamic business that is one of [From the Stowe Reporter] mother to her 7-year-old daughter, the top organic seed companies in the STEARNS, BURRITT, MAGOON WIN BUSINESS Sophie, and a wife to the love of her country, now supplying those farmers AWARDS life, Michael Kasper. Despite her busy and home gardeners across the country (By Kayla Friedrich) schedule, she always put family first. with the seeds that become the food we Tom Stearns, founder and owner of High She made time to teach Sophie Man- feed our families. Part of what sets Mowing Organic Seeds in Wolcott, has been Vermont businesses apart is their abil- named Vermont Small Business Person of darin and the piano. She even took the Year by the federal Small Business Ad- Sophie to Paris, in the midst of dealing ity to innovate and help define or cre- ministration. with an aggressive chemotherapy regi- ate new markets. High Mowing has In addition, two other Lamoille County men. But she simply said, ‘‘I’ll sleep it done just this in the seed market—by businesses won major awards: off on the plane.’’ And she did. She also ensuring that all of their 700 varieties Debbie Burritt of Sweet Crunch Bakeshop could frequently be found on the side- of seeds are both organic and GMO- & Catering Co. in Hyde Park, Woman-Owned free—and are among the gold standard Business of the Year. lines of Sophie’s soccer matches cheer- Caleb Magoon of Power Play Sports in ing her on. in the market. Now they are branching Morrisville and Waterbury Sports, Young Judge Liu was a force of nature. She out to experiment with new varieties Entrepreneur of the Year. authored nearly 150 judicial opinions in that will bring new specialty vegeta- For more than 50 years, the federal agency her 2 years on the Illinois appellate bles, herbs, and flowers to the market. has honored small businesses for their con- court. In her final days, while working When imagining a startup business, tributions in their communities and to the from home, Judge Liu filed her final it is common to think of someone economy. working out of their garage. Debbie Stearns was recognized for expanding his opinion before she passed. What com- company, increasing sales, hiring more em- mitment and what an inspiration. To Burritt of Sweet Crunch Bakeshop & ployees and contributing to the local com- the very end, Judge Liu understood Catering is precisely one of those en- munity. that these issues and her opinions af- trepreneurs. Debbie founded her busi- High Mowing is a farm-based company that fected people’s lives, and cancer wasn’t ness in 2001 in her home garage, and produces and distributes vegetable, flower going to keep her from doing her job. since then, her products have received and herb seeds throughout the U.S. and Can- She once said, ‘‘I wanted to fit in great acclaim and attention. Sweet ada. It began in 1996 with just 28 varieties, more than I wanted to be a trailblazer. Crunch baked goods are made from produced in Stearns’ backyard and packaged in his shed. I didn’t want to be an Asian-American scratch, with no preservatives. It First-year sales were $2,000, but what start- on the rise.’’ Well, she didn’t get that comes as no surprise to this Vermonter ed as a hobby soon expanded beyond his wish. In fact, she accomplished just the that their maple cookies are one of backyard. By 2001, his business had grown to opposite. Her career was their best selling products. In fact, the point where Stearns began contracting groundbreaking and she became a role Sweet Crunch’s maple cookies were with other local farms to grow his seeds, in model for countless Chinese American featured on the Food Network, and addition to continuing to produce on High Sweet Crunch products can be found in Mowing’s 5 acres. kids—and an inspiration to the rest of High Mowing was the first organic com- us—especially her friends and family. locations across New England and, in pany to guarantee all its seeds are not ge- Judge Liu will be sorely missed. fact, the country. I will take a moment netically modified, and 20 years later, his f of personal pride to note that Debbie’s company is one of the top organic seed com- delicious products will be a featured panies in the U.S., with more than 60 em- SMALL BUSINESS WEEK AND part of the annual Taste of Vermont ployees. VERMONT ENTREPRENEURS celebration happening in Washington ‘‘It is an honor to accept this award on be- Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, each in a few weeks. half of all the work done by our team for the year, the Small Business Administra- The mountains and valleys that last 20 years since this hobby was born,’’ Stearns said. ‘‘It has been a joy to see it tion sets aside the first week of May to played such a significant role in deter- grow and to know that we are just getting acknowledge small businesses that are mining the settlement of Vermont con- started. I get to do what I love every day and doing extraordinary work and recog- tinue to be a significant force in the the work is diverse, challenging and cre- nizes them during Small Business lives of Vermonters. These resources ative.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00045 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.092 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2548 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 ‘‘There is nothing more rewarding than tenance and restoration company. He County State Airport doesn’t have its own bringing an idea to life in a way that serves purchased Border Air Ltd. in 2007 from air traffic control tower. Many planes that health in the world, and it means a lot to me his father, George, who founded the use this runway lack radios, lights or on- to have the work of our team recognized in company in 1989. Border Air specializes board electrical systems. this way.’’ The 46-year-old Coy wears many hats at in restoring Soviet-era aircraft and is YOUNG ENTREPRENEUR this small, state-owned airstrip that’s just a one of only five companies in the coun- hop from the Canadian border. Besides man- In Morrisville, the next town over, a very try with the qualifications to sell, aging the airport, he’s the owner of Border different business also won an award from maintain, and inspect them. Air Ltd., which was founded by his father, the Small Business Administration. George Coy. As an FBO, or fixed-base oper- Caleb Magoon, 32, owner of PowerPlay In addition to providing many serv- ator, Border Air performs various functions Sports in Morrisville, was named 2015 young ices for the aviation enthusiasts who for the flying public: fueling, inspection, entrepreneur of the year. call Franklin County home, Border Air maintenance, flight training, and providing The annual award is presented to business imports and exports planes to and from hangar and tie-down space for parking air- owners under 35 who have had success in former Soviet nations, a practice that craft. Coy calls its headquarters ‘‘a cross be- sales, profits, increasing jobs, having innova- began after the senior Mr. Coy took a tween a boat launch and a state park—and tive business methods and demonstrating en- trip to Lithuania in 1989. George Coy I’m the guy wearing the green shirt and the trepreneurial potential necessary for eco- heard of an Antonov An-2, the largest hat.’’ nomic growth. single-engine biplane ever built, which Beyond Coy’s official duties, he’s the air- PowerPlay Sports was founded in 1995 by port’s unofficial ‘‘aviation ambassador,’’ John Connell and Rob Maynard. After bounc- had just been restored and was listed for sale. In spite of a major malfunc- which involves more than just greeting ing around several downtown locations, the white-knuckled travelers when they land store eventually landed at 35 Portland St. tion while crossing the Black Sea with safely in inclement weather. Coy is Franklin Magoon began working at the store at 17. the An-2, the Coys were hooked on the County’s go-to guy for anyone who’s inter- After graduating from Boston University, idea of importing similar aircraft and ested in learning more about airplanes, where he studied theater design, Magoon and selling them to American pilots. whether that means fixing them, flying a few friends established a theater company Since then, over 300 planes have them, building them or jumping out of them in Boston, produced shows, and won the El- passed through Border Air’s hangars, with parachutes. liot Norton Awards for best production three And, with fuel prices at historic lows, in- years in a row. some purchased by customers as far as Chicago. Through their work with pi- terest in aviation is soaring. That’s not read- However, as a native of Hyde Park, who ily apparent on the morning I visit: Aside grew up hiking, biking and skiing in the lots and aviation enthusiasts across from the departing turboprop, about the only Green Mountains, his passion for sports led the world, the Coy family has brought thing moving on the airfield is a semierect him back to Vermont in 2010. He managed business to Swanton and helps to keep orange wind sock. But, according to Coy, PowerPlay for a year, then bought the busi- citizens safe by inspecting planes once KFSO—the airport’s Federal Aviation Ad- ness from Maynard. a year to ensure they are up to Federal ministration abbreviation—is usually more Magoon said working in theater helped active. him learn how to run a business. He and his Aviation Administration safety codes. Though safety is most important, Cliff ‘‘This is the busiest airport in Vermont for friends each worked on different aspects general aviation,’’ he says, referring to non- within their theater company, including ad- Coy also aims to inspire a love of flying commercial and nonmilitary air traffic. vertising, producing and financing, and in children and adults across the coun- ‘‘Come out here in six weeks on a Saturday, learned from each other. try by bringing students from nearby and this place will be humming with air- ‘‘If you can do that, business is easy. We Missiquoi Valley Union High School to planes.’’ learned to be business people,’’ Magoon said. the airport to watch air show practices Those planes aren’t just local flyers. In re- Last year, Magoon moved his embroidery or speaking with anyone interested in cent years, Coy has carved out a unique and screen-printing business—which was in niche for himself in the wider world of avia- an adjacent building—into the same location planes from flying to skydiving. The Coys represent an entrepre- tion: He imports and exports planes to and as his sports gear. He also opened a new from Russia and other former Soviet-bloc store, Waterbury Sports, with two business neurial spirit that is at the heart of countries. One of only five companies in the partners in Waterbury. Vermont. In Cliff Coy, we see a true country with the expertise to sell, service WOMAN-OWNED BUSINESS commitment to and leadership with and inspect Soviet-era planes, Border Air A Hyde Park business also received an the community. also maintains, repairs and modifies them— award from the Small Business Administra- I ask unanimous consent that the an unusual specialty that Coy fell into al- tion. April 14, 2016, article from Seven Days most by accident. Chef Debbie Burritt, owner and founder of entitled ‘‘Border Air in Swanton Keeps Coy got his degree in mechanical engineer- Sweet Crunch Bakery and Catering Co., was ing from Vermont Technical College and Imported Planes Alive,’’ which chron- studied computer science and physics at the selected as the Woman-Owned Business of icles the Coys’ history with Border Air the Year. University of New Mexico. Then, as he puts Ltd., be printed in the RECORD. it, he faced an important life choice: ‘‘Am I The bakeshop portion of the company pro- There being no objection, the mate- vides desserts and wedding cakes to res- going to spend the rest of my life in front of taurants, resorts and the public. For cater- rial was ordered to be printed in the a computer screen, under bad fluorescent ing, the company’s goal is making every RECORD, as follows: lighting? Or am I going to solve problems event unique and unforgettable. [From Seven Days, Apr. 14, 2016] out in the field and get dirty?’’ Coy began answering that question in 1988. Burritt has a staff to assist with all the de- BORDER AIR IN SWANTON KEEPS IMPORTED That year, his uncle Bob, who was working tails of event planning, and will customize PLANES ALIVE on a sister-city exchange program, offered menus to meet the individual needs of cli- (By Ken Picard) Coy a chance to travel to the Soviet Union ents. A stiff snow squall swirls around the main after an injury forced a student in the pro- Burritt completed her culinary degree at building at Franklin County State Airport in gram to drop out at the last minute. Newbury College in Brookline, Mass., in 1987, Swanton as a large, twin-engine turboprop Coy jumped at the opportunity—and not and worked in Boston and Virginia before prepares to roll out of the hangar. Airport merely to see the Soviet Union as it began to moving back to her native state, Vermont. manager Cliff Coy watches silently as the open up to the West. Coy’s father, George, After working at Stoweflake Resort and King Air B200 revs its engines with a high- himself a pilot and flight mechanic, was Trapp Family Lodge, both in Stowe, Burritt pitched whine and slowly inches its way onto keenly interested in a Russian-built aircraft decided to venture out on her own in 2001. the tarmac. called the Antonov An–2. The 1,000–horse- f The plane’s wingtips are upturned for im- power, 12–passenger plane is the world’s larg- RECOGNIZING BORDER AIR LTD. proved aerodynamics and fuel efficiency. It’s est single-engine biplane ever built. As Coy just a fringe benefit that the design also al- recalls, his father ‘‘became infatuated with Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, you don’t lows the plane to squeeze through the hangar it and absolutely had to have one.’’ have to look too far in Vermont to find door. While that trip offered the chance to see an any number of unique businesses. One ‘‘That’s a 58-foot wingspan going through a An–2 firsthand, the Coys wouldn’t get their such business is Border Air Ltd., led by 60-foot opening,’’ Coy notes with a bemused hands on one until 1989, when George Coy its owner Cliff Coy. Cliff is the airport smile. Once the wings clear the sides, he learned that a company in Lithuania had a flashes a quick thumbs-up to his mechanic, freshly overhauled An–2 for sale. As the So- manager and unofficial ‘‘aviation am- Dan Marcotte, who’s directing the pilot from viet Union neared its collapse, the Eastern bassador’’ at the Franklin County the tarmac. Bloc countries were becoming like the Wild State Airport in Swanton, VT. He also Unlike busy commercial hubs, such as Bur- West, Cliff Coy recalls, with everything owns and runs Border Air Ltd., a main- lington International Airport, Franklin being sold off at bargain-basement prices.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 07:32 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00046 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.063 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2549 ‘‘So he strapped a pile of cash to a belt and censed inspector, he ensures that the aircraft women are particularly high. The virus flew out to Lithuania to go look at an air- he encounters are flightworthy. By law, is carried by two species of mosquito. plane,’’ says Cliff. every aircraft, from a commercial Boeing 777 They are found in 40 States in this Since George didn’t speak Lithuanian, and to the one-seat Ultralight hanging from the all the instrumentation was in Russian, the country. hangar rafters, must be inspected annually. There have been 388 travel-related sellers taught him how to fly the plane. Con- ‘‘I’ve seen things where you wonder how vinced it was worth the investment, the Coys these people even made it here alive,’’ Coy cases in the United States—meaning an hired a Russian pilot and a farmer from says. ‘‘Unbelievably scary stuff.’’ individual was infected during a trip to Shelburne to help fly the An–2 back to For example, he recalls encountering a Latin America, South America, or the Vermont. pilot who reported that his plane was flying Caribbean, where the virus is wide- Like many aviation adventures, Cliff Coy funny When Coy checked it out, he noticed spread. There have not yet been any re- says, theirs began with a mechanical mal- that the bottom of the fuselage was blue— ported cases of local transmission in function: The plane lost all of its oil above from the dye used to identify aircraft fuel. the continental United States, al- the clouds during a night crossing of the Coy instantly spotted the problem: The fuel though more than 500 cases have been North Sea.* As he recalls, ‘‘The Russian pilot line wasn’t hooked up. When he went to ad- knew very few words of English, and two of reported in Puerto Rico. It is a matter just the propeller control, it broke off in his of when, not if, that happens—particu- them were ‘Very bad!’ ’’ hand. Next, he discovered that the starboard The An–2 managed to run for another half engine wasn’t bolted onto the frame and the larly as we approach the summer sea- hour without oil before landing safely. De- landing gear wasn’t installed correctly. The son when mosquitos are most active. spite the mishap, the trip stoked the Coys’ result: a 60-page report to the FAA. Scientists are still working to under- interest in importing more Russian and Getting people passionate and up in the air stand the effects of the Zika virus, but Eastern European planes—such as two aero- is Coy’s mission. And, notwithstanding the we do know that Zika causes severe, batic trainer planes called Yakovlev Yak–52s back issues of Cigar Aficionado in the air- brain-related birth defects in babies that they’d seen in Lithuania. Sensing a business opportunity, the Coys began im- port waiting room, he says he meets a di- when women are infected during preg- porting Russian and Eastern Bloc planes to verse cross-section of people who are avia- nancy. the U.S. for American buyers. tion enthusiasts. Microcephaly, one of the most seri- Since 1989, Border Air has imported more Granted, it’s not a cheap hobby: The costs ous effects of Zika, causes babies’ than 300 such aircraft, including a Yak–55, of purchasing and maintaining airplanes heads to be much smaller than normal. which is currently under repair in the hang- may seem daunting enough to dissuade any- In severe cases, you will also see sei- one without a seven-figure trust fund. But, ar in Swanton. With only about 250 Yak–52s zures, developmental delays, intellec- still actively flying in the United States, Coy points out, most people who fly these days rent their planes. (Coy himself doesn’t tual disabilities, feeding problems, Coy has loyal clients who fly to Swanton hearing loss, and vision problems. from as far west as Chicago to get their own one.) And enthusiasts who decide to planes serviced. take the next step can buy a plane for as lit- The CDC continues to research the What’s the plane’s appeal? For one thing, tle as $15,000, on par with the price of a boat. virus, and it could be several years be- Coy points out, Yak–52s closely resemble Coy does a lot of outreach to local schools, fore the full-range of health effects is World War II fighter planes. And, given the hoping to get the next generation interested known. Soviets’ efficient engineering, he adds, in flying. Sometimes that means showing One of the most concerning gaps in ‘‘You’re basically able to maintain it out in the kids his various ‘‘museum pieces’’—the our scientific knowledge is how the dis- a farmer’s field with a flathead screwdriver historic aircraft parked in various hangars ease is transmitted from person to per- and a wrench. So they’re incredibly rugged on the airfield. Or he’ll invite students from son. The most common way people con- and inexpensive.’’ nearby Missisquoi Valley Union High School The Coys pretty much stopped importing to watch his mechanic, Marcotte, practice tract the disease is through mosquito Russian aircraft in 2005, when the dollar-to- his air-show maneuvers during his lunch bites, but there have been documented Euro exchange rate made them prohibitively hour. (Burlingtonians know Marcotte as the cases of the virus being spread from expensive. The sale price of the Yak–52, for pilot who flies acrobatic stunts over the wa- men to women through sexual contact. example, jumped from $120,000 to $380,000. terfront before the annual July 3 fireworks Zika symptoms are mild—fever, rash, In 2007, Coy bought Border Air from his fa- show.) and joint pain—meaning that many ther. These days, much of his business has ‘‘Look, if you have any interest in flying, people may become infected and spread reversed direction—it involves moving we’ll take you for a ride in an airplane,’’ Coy with disease without knowing they planes and pilots from the U.S. to Russia in- says. ‘‘That’s what we do, because we want have it. Unless we act now, we could stead of vice versa. to get people interested in flying.’’ In the Soviet era, the only Russians who end up with a significant number of Correction, April 14, 2016: An earlier Zika carriers who don’t know they are flew planes were military pilots; when the version of this story misreported Coy’s age— country opened up civil aviation, many Rus- it is 46. The body of water over which Coy’s infected. sians became interested in flying American plane experienced engine trouble was the The administration has asked Con- aircraft. Until the Russian ruble crashed last North Sea, not the Black Sea. Additionally, gress for $1.9 billion in emergency fund- year, Border Air was exporting about two aviation enthusiasts can buy a plane for ing to stop the spread of the Zika containers of American-made planes to Rus- $15,000, not the higher number originally re- virus. I fully support this funding re- sia every three months. ported. quest. The Federal Government needs Recent changes overseas have brought a whole new crop of flyers to Swanton. In 2011, (At the request of Mr. REID, the fol- this money for a number of reasons, in- a wave of bad aviation accidents in Russia lowing statement was ordered to be cluding controlling mosquito popu- killed scores of people. Putting the blame on printed in the RECORD.) lations, researching the virus, edu- pilots who had obtained their licenses fraud- f cating the public, and developing a ulently, the Russian government closed vaccine. flight schools across the country. VOTE EXPLANATION As the weather warms, Zika will The virtual shutdown of civil aviation in ∑ Mr. BOOKER. Mr. President, today I spread faster, particularly in States Russia could have sent Coy’s business into a with persistent mosquito issues. We tailspin. But then Russians began coming to was unable to vote on the motion to in- voke cloture on the substitute to H.R. simply can’t ignore public health the United States—including the flight threats of this magnitude, hoping they school in Swanton—to obtain pilot’s li- 2028, the Energy and Water Develop- will go away. censes. Apparently placing greater trust in ment Appropriations bill, due to a fu- In closing, Congress cannot afford to American flight schools than in its own, the neral I attended for a neighbor in New- delay. I strongly urge the Senate to ap- Russian government converts U.S. pilots’ li- ark, NJ. Had I been present in the Sen- prove the administration’s sensible re- censes into Russian ones, Coy says. ate today, I would have voted against Just as Coy is explaining the process, two ∑ quest to fight this growing public Russian men with crew cuts and black coats cloture. health threat. pass en route to a small trainer plane to f f begin their flight lessons. According to Coy, they’re former Russian fighter pilots who are ZIKA VIRUS NATIONAL PRESCRIPTION DRUG logging flight time and learning to fly in Mrs. FEINSTEIN. Mr. President, TAKE BACK DAY U.S. airspace. ‘‘There’s a bit of a mind shift today I wish to speak about the urgent Mr. GRASSLEY. Mr. President, this when you go from flying something at 300 need for Congress to approve emer- miles per hour to flying something at 60 Saturday, April 30, from 10 a.m. to 2 miles per hour,’’ he says. gency funds to fight the Zika virus. p.m., the Drug Enforcement Adminis- Of course, not all of Coy’s work involves The Zika virus is a rapidly growing tration, DEA, is coordinating the lat- Russians and Russian planes. As an FAA-li- public health threat, and the stakes for est National Prescription Drug Take

VerDate Sep 11 2014 07:32 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00047 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.066 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2550 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 Back Day. Take back days are nation- ed through the Judiciary Committee in stitutes of Health and the Centers for wide efforts to remove old or unused February. It subsequently passed the Disease Control and Prevention. prescription drugs from medicine cabi- Senate by a vote of 94–1. Today there is some good news for nets so they don’t fall into the wrong So I urge everyone in Iowa and across the boys—and now—young men with hands and lead to substance abuse and the country to check your homes for Duchenne muscular dystrophy and addiction. I am proud to have helped unneeded or expired medicines. If you their families. A number of therapeutic encourage take back days a few years find any, please take part in this year’s strategies are currently under develop- ago by working with Senators KLO- National Prescription Drug Take Back ment, and we have made dramatic BUCHAR, CORNYN, and BROWN to pass Day on Saturday. Participating loca- progress to improve the quality and the Secure and Responsible Drug Dis- tions typically include neighborhood length of life for those who suffer from posal Act. pharmacies and local fire and police de- the disease. In fact, the average life- According to the Centers for Disease partments. You can locate a specific span of Duchenne patients has in- Control and Prevention, health care collection site near you on the DEA’s creased by about a decade since the MD providers wrote almost a quarter of a website. This is one small way we can CARE Act became law. billion opioid prescriptions in 2013, each do our part to reduce the risk of Given our Nation’s wealth of sci- enough for every American adult to drug abuse and addiction for our fami- entific expertise, however, we can and have his or her own bottle of pills. The lies and communities. should do more for families like the accumulation of these medicines in our f Dengers. We are making progress, but homes creates a public health risk, this is no time to take our foot off the DUCHENNE MUSCULAR since they can be accidentally in- accelerator. The $2 billion increase in DYSTROPHY gested, abused, stolen, and passed on to funding for NIH that was included in others. According to the 2014 National Ms. COLLINS. Mr. President, I wish the fiscal year 2016 funding bill will pay Survey on Drug Use and Health, 6.5 to raise awareness about Duchenne dividends for patients and their fami- million Americans abused controlled muscular dystrophy and the boys and lies. I urge my colleagues to continue prescription drugs that year. According young men who suffer from this dev- to work collaboratively to sustain this to that same study, a majority of astating disease. commitment to biomedical research, abused prescription drugs are obtained Duchenne muscular dystrophy was which holds tremendous promise for from family and friends, including first brought to my attention 15 years finding better treatments and, ulti- from the home medicine cabinet. ago, when I met Brian and Alice mately, a cure for devastating diseases Obviously, the consequences of this Denger of Biddeford, ME. The Dengers like Duchenne muscular dystrophy. had two wonderful sons, Matthew and prescription drug abuse can be dan- f gerous and even deadly. Prescription Patrick, who were both born with drug abuse may lead to abuse of other Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Pat- REMEMBERING JOHN HEINZ drugs like heroin, which is cheaper and rick, now 19, is a student at the Univer- Mr. CASEY. Mr. President, on April more readily available. In 2014, more sity of New England. He recently re- 4, we marked 25 years since Pennsyl- than 47,000 drug overdose deaths oc- ceived his driver’s license and enjoys vania Senator John Heinz died in a curred in the United States, an alltime driving in Maine. His brother Matthew plane crash. I am honored to serve in high. Incredibly, more than half of was a 20-year-old student at UNE when the Senate seat he held from 1977 to those deaths involved prescription he died from the disease about 3 years 1991. opioids or heroin. ago. The Dengers also have a daughter, Five years ago, I paid tribute to Sen- So raising public awareness about Rachel, with juvenile diabetes. They ator Heinz for his public service as a the dangers of abuse and reducing the are a loving and courageous family Senator. Today, I am going to focus on availability of unused medications are whose strength and spirit directly in- his leadership on the Special Com- important components of preventing spired me to become involved in the mittee on Aging. Senator Heinz served prescription drug abuse and addiction. fight for research funding to combat as chairman of that committee from The take back day initiative is a great muscular dystrophy. 1981 to 1987. Pennsylvania is one of the way to make progress on both fronts. Brian Denger was the first to tell me oldest States in the country, and Beginning in September 2010, the of the terrible progression of this type through this position, Senator Heinz DEA has coordinated these days twice of muscular dystrophy. Symptoms was a strong advocate for seniors. Dur- a year, with fantastic results. At the begin in early childhood, and boys ing his chairmanship, the Special Com- most recent event last September, quickly experience severe and rapidly mittee on Aging held 34 hearings in Americans turned in 350 tons of pre- progressing muscle degeneration, Washington, DC, and countless more scription drugs at more than 5,000 sites which often results in their losing the around the Nation. The committee also operated by the DEA and more than ability to walk. Tragically, most die produced over 60 reports and papers. 3,800 of its State and local law enforce- prematurely as a result of muscle-re- Senator Heinz would often use what he ment partners. Overall, in its 10 pre- lated cardiac and respiratory problems. learned through these investigations vious take back events, DEA and its In 2001, what really caught my atten- and reports to inform his work as a partners have taken in more than 2,750 tion was that the treatment options for member of the Finance Committee, tons of pills. It is not an exaggeration boys with Duchenne muscular dys- which has jurisdiction over the Social to say that take back events have trophy were incredibly limited and Security and Medicare programs. probably saved lives. aimed at managing symptoms in an at- John Heinz once said, ‘‘Working to- Now, for some unexplained reason, tempt to optimize quality of life for gether, we can lay the groundwork for the Obama administration decided to the limited time that these children a society that respects age and the el- discontinue this program a few years would have to share with us. Research derly and that truly realizes the bene- ago, but in May 2015, I was a member of had not yielded any meaningful way to fits of the experience, wisdom, and a bipartisan group of Senators that extend the lifespan of children suf- judgement of older Americans.’’ As wrote to the Department of Justice, fering from the disease. That is why I chairman of the Aging Committee, his urging that it be reinstated. A few joined with the late Senator Paul first responsibility was not to party or months later, DEA Acting Adminis- Wellstone in introducing the MD CARE partisanship, but to older Americans trator Rosenberg did so. I am grateful Act, to raise awareness and expand whose interests the committee was cre- for that decision. Federal support for research into this ated to support and protect. Frank In fact, I support expanding take debilitating disease. It was signed into McArdle, a member of Senator Heinz’s back opportunities, by creating addi- law and last reauthorized in 2014 and staff once commented: tional permanent, convenient disposal has resulted in dramatically improved What Heinz brought to many issues . . . sites for the public. Expansion of the and standardized clinical care for those was a sense of outrage. He could channel program along these lines is explicitly with the disease. I have also fought that anger toward public policy that would authorized in the Comprehensive Ad- diligently for increased funding for the correct the injustices that hurt vulnerable diction and Recovery Act, a bill I guid- Duchenne programs at the National In- populations. When he seized upon a situation

VerDate Sep 11 2014 07:16 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00048 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.082 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2551 like that, he wouldn’t let go. His outrage I cannot overstate the importance of rector, Peter Henry. I am sad to say over what was happening to defenseless peo- Sheila’s work and her accomplish- that Peter will be leaving my office, as ple gave him an energy and a commitment to ments. We are experiencing nothing well as Washington, DC, for a new see it through. less than an affordable housing crisis chapter in his life. His last day is April As chairman, Senator Heinz took on on the national level. In order to afford 29, 2016. He and his beautiful wife the powerful in defense of the power- the fair market rent for a two-bedroom Libby, his two-and-a-half-year-old less. apartment, a minimum wage earner daughter Winnie, and his daughter-to- Senator Heinz was an honorable pub- must work 102 hours per week, 52 weeks be will soon move back to his home- lic servant for our Commonwealth and per year. town of Kansas City. Peter has taken a our Nation. He focused intensively on Throughout her tenure at the Na- job working in the private sector, the challenges facing our seniors and tional Low Income Housing Coalition, where I know he will excel and succeed worked tirelessly to find solutions to Sheila was not just a resolute advo- as he has during his time with my of- their problems. We continue to be in- cate; she was also a vital resource on fice. spired by his distinguished service on housing policy to many members of Peter was one of the first staff mem- behalf of the older citizens of Pennsyl- Congress. She also worked closely with bers I hired after I became Senator, but vania. organizations focused on homeless Peter’s time in Washington began back (At the request of Mr. REID, the fol- services, family housing, AIDS hous- in 2005 when he came to our Nation’s lowing statement was ordered to be ing, housing for people with disabil- capital straight out of college. Prior to printed in the RECORD.) ities, senior housing, and services for joining my team, Peter made a name f battered women and victims of rape. for himself as a sharp and capable Hill staffer, rising quickly through the TRIBUTE TO DR. SHEILA CROWLEY And while her focus was national, Sheila often travelled to States to sup- ranks in three different Senators’ of- ∑ Mr. SANDERS. Mr. President, I do port local housing efforts, including in fices before moving to the Senate Com- not often recognize non-Vermonters on my State of Vermont. She was a fre- mittee on the Environment and Public the floor of the Senate, but I rise today quent keynote speaker at Vermont Works, where he had a lead role in sur- to applaud the numerous and signifi- conferences and a valued partner in de- face transportation issues. cant achievements of Dr. Sheila Crow- veloping local responses to our housing Given his breadth of experience and ley. Dr. Crowley recently retired as challenges. I know a great many the deep respect he fostered with his president and CEO of the National Low Vermonters who worked closely with colleagues, Peter no doubt had his Income Housing Coalition, after dec- Sheila and hold her in the highest es- choice of offices to work for, but he ades of advocacy to make sure people teem. chose to work for me. For that, I am with the lowest incomes in the United I wish Dr. Sheila Crowley all the best immensely grateful. Being a freshman States have affordable and decent in her well-deserved retirement, and I Senator is not easy, and being staff to homes. It has truly been an honor to am confident her affordable housing ef- a freshman senator is certainly a chal- work closely with Sheila on issues re- forts will continue to bear fruit for dec- lenge. Peter rose to the challenge. He put together the best legislative team I lated to affordable housing. ades to come.∑ I am particularly proud of our efforts could have imagined. He handled stress f to create the national housing trust under fire, taught us about complex fund, the only Federal program de- NATIONAL SEERSUCKER DAY Senate procedures, and adeptly helped signed to build new affordable rental Mr. CASSIDY. Mr. President, today I me navigate the minefields that can be housing specifically for extremely low- wish to recognize seersucker manufac- Washington politics. His intelligence, income individuals. In the early 2000s, turers and enthusiasts across the integrity, strong work ethic, sense of Sheila provided invaluable assistance United States. I wish everyone a Happy fair play, and his good nature will be to my office as we drafted the first National Seersucker Day. This unique- sorely missed in my office. Peter is also a patriot and made sure House version of the trust fund and ly American fashion has a storied his- to set us on the right track to serve the shepherded the legislation through its tory dating back to 1909. Louisiana is great people of Alaska and the rest of first votes in the House Financial Serv- proud to have played an important part the country. I can’t thank Peter ices Committee. in introducing the country to seer- enough for all the work he has done for For the next 15 years, Sheila built sucker apparel. The first seersucker me and for the rest of my staff. He grassroots support across the country suit was designed by Joseph Haspel at leaves a hole, but I am comforted to for the trust fund, to keep the pressure his Broad Street facility in New Orle- know that his future is bright and that on Federal lawmakers. Despite numer- ans, LA. ous setbacks—and one serious housing This lightweight cotton fabric, he will continue to contribute to our market collapse—she tirelessly advo- known for its signature pucker, has great country by working hard at his cated for addressing the significant been worn and enjoyed by Americans new endeavor and, most importantly, housing needs of people with limited across the country during the hot sum- raising a wonderful family. economic resources. It is a fitting tes- mer months. Mr. Haspel said it best, f tament to her tenacity that just as she ‘‘hot is hot, no matter what you do for ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS prepared to retire, the Federal Housing a living.’’ In the 1990s, Seersucker Day Finance Agency began capitalizing the was established by Members of this trust fund for the first time. Later this chamber to honor this unique Amer- TRIBUTE TO EVELYN CANTU year, States will receive the first new ican fashion. I proudly resumed this ∑ Mr. BARRASSO. Mr. President, I Federal affordable housing production tradition in 2014 in the U.S. House of would like to take the opportunity to funds in decades, and for that, Sheila Representatives by designating express my appreciation to Evelyn Crowley deserves an enormous amount Wednesday, June 11, as National Seer- Cantu for her hard work as an intern in of credit. sucker Day. I have continued this tra- my Casper office. I recognize her ef- Not surprisingly, Sheila received the dition in the U.S. Senate and wish to forts and contributions to my office, as 2009 John W. Macy award from the Na- designate Thursday, June 9, as the well as to the State of Wyoming. tional Alliance to End Homelessness third annual National Seersucker Day. Evelyn is a native of Texas. She cur- and the Housing Leadership Award I encourage everyone to wear seer- rently attends Casper College, where from the National Low Income Housing sucker on this day to commemorate she is studying political science. She Coalition for her work on the National this iconic American clothing. has demonstrated a strong work ethic, Housing Trust Fund campaign. But I f which has made her an invaluable asset am guessing the award Sheila will to our office. The quality of her work is cherish most will be when, in the not- TRIBUTE TO PETER HENRY reflected in her great efforts over the too-distant future, tenants move into Mr. SULLIVAN. Mr. President, today last several months. the first trust fund financed affordable I wish to recognize a distinguished I want to thank Evelyn for the dedi- housing. member of my staff, my legislative di- cation she has shown while working for

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00049 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.088 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2552 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 me and my staff. It was a pleasure to House for its unwavering commitment manner in which we should respect our have her as part of our team. I know and loyalty to providing our men and women in uniform. The un- she will have continued success with servicemembers, veterans, and their wavering dedication of the Veterans all of her future endeavors. I wish her families lodging while they address Guest House to providing our brave all my best on her next journey.∑ their own health care needs at medical men and women with a place to stay is f facilities throughout northern Nevada. commendable, and I am proud to honor The Veterans Guest House is one of a it today. TRIBUTE TO DAVID JOST kind for our great State and is an in- As a member of the Senate Veterans’ ∑ Mr. BARRASSO. Mr. President, I valuable resource to our military com- Affairs Committee, I recognize that would like to take the opportunity to munity. Congress has a responsibility not only express my appreciation to David Jost The Veterans Guest House was found- to honor these brave individuals who for his hard work as an intern in my ed over two decades ago when a mother serve our Nation, but also to ensure Riverton office. I recognize his efforts and her children were found sleeping in they are cared for when they return and contributions to my office, as well their car while their veteran father was home. Equally as important, it is cru- as to the State of Wyoming. in the intensive care unit at the local cial that these servicemembers and David is a graduate of the University VA Sierra Nevada Health Care System their families have a place to stay of Wyoming, where he received a B.A. Medical Center. In the early 1990s, while receiving quality care. I remain in psychology, B.S. in sociology, and founders of the Veterans Guest House— M.S. in neurophysiology. David has committed to upholding this promise Chuck Fulkerson, Dick Rhyno, Thomas for our veterans and servicemembers in also received a master of natural re- Purkey, Minor Kelso, Robert Crowell, sources from Virginia Tech. He has Nevada and throughout the Nation. I Esq., Wally Willson, Lois Crocker, am very pleased that veterans service demonstrated a strong work ethic, David Parsons, Joseph Rooney, Charles which has made him an invaluable organizations like the Veterans Guest Grundy, Jes Barbera, Don Anderson, House are committed to ensuring that asset to our office. The quality of his Lew Carnahan, Ben Duncan, Jeani work is reflected in his great efforts the needs of our veterans are being Hunt, Jim Martin, Manuel Muniz, Rick over the last several months. met. I want to thank David for the dedica- Sorenson, Ensio Tosolini, Joe Today I ask my colleagues and all tion he has shown while working for Scamihorn, William Wood, Len Crock- Nevadans to join me in recognizing the me and my staff. It was a pleasure to er, Kit McGrath, Richard Shuster, Veterans Guest House, an organization have him as part of our team. I know Elaine McNeill, Rand Tanner, Chester whose mission is noble and charitable. he will have continued success with all Henry, and Ted Buchwald—realized I am both humbled and honored to ac- of his future endeavors. I wish him all that many veterans and their families knowledge this organization and its my best on his next journey.∑ lacked a place to stay while family work to provide active military mem- members received medical treatment, f bers, veterans, and thsikfamilies a safe and in 1994, they created the Spouse place to stay, and I wish it the best of TRIBUTE TO THE ELEMENTARY House. By 1998, the facility grew to luck in all of its future endeavors.∑ STUDENTS OF CJI offer five beds for veterans and their ∑ Mr. DAINES. Mr. President, today I families. f wish to honor the elementary students In 2002, the facility was officially REMEMBERING THOMAS C. of Chester-Joplin-Inverness, CJI. These named the Veterans Guest House, and SWEENEY students took part in Chester’s annual on Veterans Day in 2004, with only pri- Harvest 4 Hunger Campaign. All to- vate donations, the organization pur- ∑ Ms. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, the gether, they gathered 2136.5 pounds of chased and renovated a 3-story home people of Kodiak, AK, will gather on nonperishable food. across the street from the VA Sierra Saturday, May 7, to celebrate the life CJI is a combination of three towns Nevada Health Care System Medical of Thomas ‘‘Tom’’ Cornelius Sweeney. up on what we call the Highline in Center. This facility now accommo- Tom passed away on March 29 at the Montana. The towns are Chester, Jop- dates up to 17 guests. The Veterans age of 84. lin, and Inverness. These three town Guest House provides both long-term Tom was born on February 9, 1932, in have come together to make one great and short-term lodging to veterans and Helena, MT. He first came to Kodiak as school to serve the students of the their families for various situations, a member of the U.S. Navy, then re- area. including veterans receiving out- turned to work construction and mar- There are 108 elementary students at patient care, families of veterans who ried Nancy Ann Norman. Nancy’s fam- CJI, and they did such a wonderful are hospitalized, and veterans’ imme- ily owned the gift and photo shop, Nor- thing for families in the area. Harvest diate family members who are receiv- man’s. 4 Hunger is a campaign operated by ing medical treatment as an inpatient Tom first pursued a career in law en- CHS to gather nonperishable food or outpatient. In the 22 years since its forcement, serving as a territorial po- items and money donations to give to inception, the Veterans Guest House liceman, detective, State trooper, and local charities to feed families in need. has served over 55,000 nights to vet- private investigator. That took Tom Now I hear the students had a little erans, veteran spouses, and veteran and Nancy to various cities in Alaska. motivation for bringing food in. The Following the 1964 Good Friday earth- winning classes at the end of each week families. There is no way to adequately thank quake and tsunami, they returned to were rewarded with a pizza party. the men and women that lay down Kodiak for good. Tom and Nancy There is no better motivation than a their lives for our freedoms, but those helped Nancy’s family restore Nor- pizza party. I read a lot quotes from the kids, and it sounds like they had a at the Veterans Guest House have gone man’s following the disaster. Tom pur- great time collecting the food, and above and beyond to show their appre- sued his entrepreneurial interests in oil they were happy to get the chance to ciation. I would like to extend my sales, automobile sales and service, and help people in need. One student told deepest gratitude to chief executive of- finally insurance brokerage before re- their teacher Miss Manion, That is ficer Noreen Leary, the incredible tiring in 1996—a well-rounded career. what Hawks do. staff, and the many dedicated individ- He was equally committed to the Ko- It makes me so proud to see young uals who volunteer at the Veterans diak community, serving as president Montanans helping out their commu- Guest House, in addition to president of the Kodiak Chamber of Commerce, nities. These students did such a won- Terry Tholl, vice President Monk the Kodiak Rotary Club, and Pioneers derful thing. Great job, and God bless.∑ Maim, secretary Lucy Miller, treasurer of Alaska Igloo #18, which Tom helped Carol Langford, and past and present reactivate in 1983. His statewide leader- f members serving on the board of direc- ship roles included service as state RECOGNIZING THE VETERANS tors. These individuals helping our ac- commander of the Veterans of Foreign GUEST HOUSE tive military members, veterans, and Wars and chairman of the Alaska Com- ∑ Mr. HELLER. Mr. President, today I their families at the Veterans Guest mittee for Employer Support of the wish to recognize the Veterans Guest House stand as shining examples of the Guard and Reserve.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 07:16 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00050 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.084 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2553 Tom leaves behind his beloved wife of its dynamic traditions. Flamenco is a ‘‘flamenco family.’’ Eva’s children, 60 years, Nancy, two sons, grand- complex art form that originated in Marisol and Joaquin, are both dancers. children, great-grandchildren, and a Spain and blends influences from dif- Her passion and legacy will live on large extended family. I join with the ferent cultures. It mixes both dis- through them, as well as her students people of Kodiak in celebrating the life cipline and spontaneity. who can be found at NIF, UNM, and, of this great Alaska pioneer.∑ With sweeping, expressive arm move- now, Tierra Adentro, a local charter f ments and rhythmic stomping often ac- school that incorporates flamenco into companied by singing or music, fla- its curriculum. 10TH ANNIVERSARY OF YORK menco is more than a form of dance. It Our State is fortunate to have some- COUNTY CHILDREN’S ADVOCACY incorporates guitar, percussion, and one like Eva Encinias-Sandoval, who CENTER song as integral parts of the art form. not only sees the beauty of art, but ∑ Mr. TOOMEY. Mr. President, today I Eva Encinias-Sandoval’s career in also the beauty of our culture. Fla- rise to congratulate the York County flamenco spans more than 40 years. Her menco will continue to grow in New Children’s Advocacy Center on the professional expertise includes per- Mexico thanks to her dedicated work celebration of their 10th anniversary. formance, teaching choreography, con- and the love of dance she continues to The York County Children’s Advo- cert production, and direction. share with the community. cacy Center opened its doors in May of Eva began dancing and teaching fla- By educating mostly New Mexican 2006 in York, PA. Since its opening, the menco at a young age. Her mother, students, Eva views flamenco as an op- center has stayed true to its mission Clarita, was also a dancer, and Eva portunity to teach our State’s youth ‘‘to reduce the trauma of child abuse started her training at the age of 5. programs relevant to whom they are as investigations, foster professional col- At age 14, Eva began teaching stu- a people. Flamenco is an art form that laboration and cooperation, and pro- dents in her mother’s studio, and in is as unique as the artists who study it. vide education and advocacy regarding 1973, she formed her first flamenco Whether through an appreciation or the prevention of child abuse within dance company, Ritmo Flamenco. The dedication to the art form, Eva the community.’’ following year, she enrolled in the Uni- Encinias-Sandoval has brought fla- Without a child advocacy center, if a versity of New Mexico, though the menco into the lives of countless New child is brave enough to report abuse, dance department did not offer fla- Mexicans. Her love for the art has not that child is often required to retell menco classes at the time. gone unnoticed, and I commend her for Eva began teaching flamenco as a and, thus, relive the abuse through all of her accomplishments and her single course offering at UNM in 1976. ∑ multiple, repetitive interviews with service to our State. Now, the program of study includes all child protective services, prosecutors, f levels of flamenco technique and spe- police, victim services, and medical cialized topics. As a result of Eva’s MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT and mental health providers. The inter- dedication and passion, UNM is the Messages from the President of the views often occur in places that mag- only institution in the country that of- United States were communicated to nify the child’s trauma—police sta- fers bachelor of arts and masters of the Senate by Mr. Pate, one of his sec- tions, emergency rooms, or offices of fine arts degrees with a concentration retaries. lawyers and social workers. in flamenco. f The York Child Advocacy Center, by Eva later went on to establish the contrast, brings together law enforce- National Institute of Flamenco in 1982. EXECUTIVE MESSAGES REFERRED ment, trained interviewers, child pro- NIF is a nonprofit arts organization As in executive session the Presiding tective services, medical providers, and dedicated to the preservation and ad- Officer laid before the Senate messages mental health experts in a child-friend- vancement of flamenco in the United from the President of the United ly, safe house, where an abused child States. With Eva’s artistic vision and States submitting sundry nominations feels secure and only has to undergo guidance, the organization has ex- which were referred to the appropriate one interview and one physical exam. panded to include several thriving pro- committees. As a result of the center’s tireless ef- grams, such as the Conservatory of (The messages received today are forts, over 3,000 children have received Flamenco Arts, Festival Flamenco printed at the end of the Senate pro- vital services. The York County Chil- Internacional de Albuquerque, Alma ceedings.) dren’s Advocacy Center has achieved Flamenca, and many others. f many important milestones. Some of Eva’s work has also helped bring re- MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE these milestones include earning full nowned international flamenco artists accreditation through the National from Spain and other parts of the At 11:23 a.m., a message from the Children’s Alliance, expanding their fo- world to study and teach in our State, House of Representatives, delivered by rensic interviewing and forensic med- adding a depth of knowledge and exper- Mrs. Cole, one of its reading clerks, an- ical services, and being accepted as a tise to her students’ experiences. She nounced that the House has passed the United Way partner agency. Each of hopes that her students will become following bill, without amendment: these milestones has allowed the York the better artists by learning alongside S. 1890. An act to amend chapter 90 of title County Children’s Advocacy Center to the best artists. 18, United States Code, to provide Federal ju- better serve the most vulnerable in our She was the first woman inducted risdiction for the theft of trade secrets, and for other purposes. society, our children. into the Albuquerque Wall of Fame, The message further announced that On behalf of the Senate, I wish to ex- has received three Bravo awards, and the House has passed the following press my sincere gratitude to the York accolades from her colleagues and stu- bills, in which it requests the concur- County Children’s Advocacy Center as dents. they celebrate 10 years of dedicated Despite the importance of these rence of the Senate: service to York County’s children and awards and honors, they are not what H.R. 699. An act to amend title 18, United families.∑ distinguishes Eva most. Instead, it is States Code, to update the privacy protec- tions for electronic communications infor- f the example she sets in always doing mation that is stored by third-party service her best, always giving back, and al- TRIBUTE TO EVA ENCINIAS- providers in order to protect consumer pri- ways striving for excellence. SANDOVAL vacy interests while meeting law enforce- Eva has changed her community as a ment needs, and for other purposes. ∑ Mr. UDALL. Mr. President, today I talented dancer and teacher who has H.R. 4240. An act to require an independent want to recognize a great New Mexican inspired countless students. She is review of the operation and administration and a great American. Eva Encinias- deeply committed to her community of the Terrorist Screening Database (TSDB) Sandoval is a pioneer and a cultural and pays equal attention to young, less maintained by the Federal Bureau of Inves- tigation and subsets of the TSDB, and for icon in the world of flamenco in New experienced dancers as more advanced other purposes. Mexico. students. H.R. 4498. An act to clarify the definition New Mexico has a long and rich cul- Although the origins of flamenco are of general solicitation under Federal securi- tural history with flamenco as one of cloudy, the Encinias family is a true ties law.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 07:16 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00051 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.089 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2554 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 H.R. 4923. An act to establish a process for EC–5293. A communication from the Direc- wan’s participation as an observer at the the submission and consideration of peti- tor of the Regulatory Management Division, 69th World Health Assembly and in the work tions for temporary duty suspensions and re- Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- of the World Health Organization; to the ductions, and for other purposes. ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- Committee on Foreign Relations. EC–5302. A communication from the Gen- f titled ‘‘Air Quality Plans; Georgia; Infra- structure Requirements for the 2010 Sulfur eral Counsel, Pension Benefit Guaranty Cor- MEASURES REFERRED Dioxide National Ambient Air Quality poration, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Annual Financial The following bills were read the first Standard’’ (FRL No. 9945–60–Region 4) re- ceived in the Office of the President of the and Actuarial Information Reporting’’ and the second times by unanimous Senate on April 26, 2016; to the Committee on (RIN1212–AB30) received in the Office of the consent, and referred as indicated: Environment and Public Works. President of the Senate on April 26, 2016; to H.R. 4240. An act to require an independent EC–5294. A communication from the Direc- the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, review of the operation and administration tor of Congressional Affairs, Nuclear Regu- and Pensions. of the Terrorist Screening Database (TSDB) latory Commission, transmitting, pursuant EC–5303. A communication from the Gen- maintained by the Federal Bureau of Inves- to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Quality eral Counsel, Pension Benefit Guaranty Cor- tigation and subsets of the TSDB, and for Assurance Requirements for Cleaning of poration, transmitting, pursuant to law, the other purposes; to the Committee on the Ju- Fluid Systems and Associated Components report of a rule entitled ‘‘Benefits Payable in diciary. of Water-Cooled Nuclear Power Plants’’ Terminated Single-Employer Plans; Interest H.R. 4498. An act to clarify the definition (NRC–2014–0158) received in the Office of the Assumptions for Paying Benefits’’ (29 CFR of general solicitation under Federal securi- President of the Senate on April 26, 2016; to Part 4022) received in the Office of the Presi- ties law; to the Committee on Banking, the Committee on Environment and Public dent of the Senate on April 26, 2016; to the Housing, and Urban Affairs. Works. Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and EC–5295. A communication from the Direc- Pensions. f tor of Congressional Affairs, Nuclear Regu- EC–5304. A communication from the Attor- latory Commission, transmitting, pursuant ney-Advisor, U.S. Coast Guard, Department EXECUTIVE AND OTHER of Homeland Security, transmitting, pursu- COMMUNICATIONS to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Labora- tory Investigations of Soils and Rocks for ant to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Spe- The following communications were Engineering Analysis and Design of Nuclear cial Local Regulation; Bucksport/Lake Mur- laid before the Senate, together with Power Plants’’ (Regulatory Guide 1.138, Revi- ray Drag Boat Spring National, Atlantic In- accompanying papers, reports, and doc- sion 3) received in the Office of the President tracoastal Waterway; Bucksport, SC’’ ((RIN1625–AA08) (Docket No. USCG–2016– uments, and were referred as indicated: of the Senate on April 26, 2016; to the Com- mittee on Environment and Public Works. 0009)) received in the Office of the President EC–5288. A communication from the Direc- EC–5296. A communication from the Direc- of the Senate on April 26, 2016; to the Com- tor of the Regulatory Management Division, tor of Congressional Affairs, Nuclear Regu- mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- latory Commission, transmitting, pursuant tation. ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Medical EC–5305. A communication from the Direc- titled ‘‘Methoxyfenozide; Pesticide Toler- Assessment of Licensed Operators or Appli- tor of Congressional Affairs, Nuclear Regu- ances for Emergency Exemptions’’ (FRL No. cants for Operator Licenses at Nuclear latory Commission, transmitting, pursuant 9945–28–OCSPP) received in the Office of the Power Plants’’ (Regulatory Guide 1.134, Revi- to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Net President of the Senate on April 26, 2016; to sion 4) received in the Office of the President Positive Suction Head for Emergency Core the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, of the Senate on April 26, 2016; to the Com- Cooling and Containment Heat Removal Sys- and Forestry. mittee on Environment and Public Works. tem Pumps’’ (NRC–2015–0107) received in the EC–5289. A communication from the Direc- EC–5297. A communication from the Direc- Office of the President of the Senate on April tor of the Regulatory Management Division, tor of Congressional Affairs, Nuclear Regu- 26, 2016; to the Committee on Environment Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- latory Commission, transmitting, pursuant and Public Works. ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Welder f titled ‘‘Environmental Protection Agency Qualification for Welding in Areas of Lim- Acquisition Regulation (EPAAR); Institu- ited Accessibility in Fuel Reprocessing REPORTS OF COMMITTEES tional Oversight of Life Science Dual Use Plants and in Plutonium Processing and The following reports of committees Research of Concern (iDURC)’’ (FRL No. Fuel Fabrication Plants’’ (NRC–2014–0069) re- were submitted: 9941–86–OARM) received in the Office of the ceived in the Office of the President of the President of the Senate on April 26, 2016; to By Mr. JOHNSON, from the Committee on Senate on April 26, 2016; to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Af- the Committee on Environment and Public Environment and Public Works. Works. fairs, without amendment: EC–5298. A communication from the Direc- S. 434. A bill to strengthen the account- EC–5290. A communication from the Direc- tor of Congressional Affairs, Nuclear Regu- ability of individuals involved in misconduct tor of the Regulatory Management Division, latory Commission, transmitting, pursuant affecting the integrity of background inves- Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Preheat tigations, to update guidelines for security ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- and Interpass Temperature Control for the clearances, to prevent conflicts of interest titled ‘‘Determinations of Attainment by the Welding of Low-Alloy Steel for Use in Fuel relating to contractors providing back- Attainment Date, Extensions of the Attain- Reprocessing Plants and in Plutonium Proc- ground investigation fieldwork services and ment Date, and Reclassification of Several essing and Fuel Fabrication Plants’’ (NRC– investigative support services, and for other Areas for the 2008 Ozone National Ambient 2014–0070) received in the Office of the Presi- purposes (Rept. No. 114–246). Air Quality Standards’’ (FRL No. 9945–17– dent of the Senate on April 26, 2016; to the S. 1620. A bill to reduce duplication of in- OAR) received in the Office of the President Committee on Environment and Public formation technology at the Department of of the Senate on April 26, 2016; to the Com- Works. Homeland Security, and for other purposes mittee on Environment and Public Works. EC–5299. A communication from the Direc- (Rept. No. 114–247). EC–5291. A communication from the Direc- tor of Congressional Affairs, Nuclear Regu- By Mr. CORKER, from the Committee on tor of the Regulatory Management Division, latory Commission, transmitting, pursuant Foreign Relations, with an amendment in Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Re- the nature of a substitute and an amendment ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- sponse Strategies for Potential Aircraft to the title and with an amended preamble: titled ‘‘Approval of Air Plan Revisions; Ari- Threats’’ (Regulatory Guide 1.124, Revision S. Res. 340. A resolution expressing the zona; Rescissions and Corrections’’ (FRL No. 1) received in the Office of the President of sense of Congress that the so-called Islamic 9945–78–Region 9) received in the Office of the the Senate on April 26, 2016; to the Com- State in Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS or Da’esh) is President of the Senate on April 26, 2016; to mittee on Environment and Public Works. committing genocide, crimes against human- the Committee on Environment and Public EC–5300. A communication from the Direc- ity, and war crimes, and calling upon the Works. tor of Congressional Affairs, Nuclear Regu- President to work with foreign governments EC–5292. A communication from the Direc- latory Commission, transmitting, pursuant and the United Nations to provide physical tor of the Regulatory Management Division, to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Com- protection for ISIS’ targets, to support the Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- pilation of Reporting Requirements for Per- creation of an international criminal tri- ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- sons Subject to NRC Regulations’’ (NRC– bunal with jurisdiction to punish these titled ‘‘Approval and Promulgation of State 2014–0144) received in the Office of the Presi- crimes, and to use every reasonable means, Plans for Designated Facilities; Common- dent of the Senate on April 26, 2016; to the including sanctions, to destroy ISIS and dis- wealth of Puerto Rico; Control of Emissions Committee on Environment and Public rupt its support networks. from Existing Sewage Sludge Incineration Works. By Mr. CORKER, from the Committee on Units’’ (FRL No. 9945–71–Region 2) received EC–5301. A communication from the Assist- Foreign Relations, without amendment and in the Office of the President of the Senate ant Secretary, Legislative Affairs, Depart- with a preamble: on April 26, 2016; to the Committee on Envi- ment of State, transmitting, pursuant to S. Res. 381. A resolution honoring the ronment and Public Works. law, a report relative to U.S. support for Tai- memory and legacy of Michael James

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00052 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.016 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2555 Riddering and condemning the terrorist at- Year 2013 United States of America to the Federal Re- tacks in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso on Jan- Iowa Senate Fund, $250, State; Daniel public of Somalia. uary 15, 2016. Lundby, $200, State; Susie Weinacht, $700, Nominee: Stephen Michael Schwartz. S. Res. 394. A resolution recognizing the Local; First District Democrats, $130, Iowa Post: Ambassador to the Federal Republic 195th anniversary of the independence of US congress District #1; Mark Smith, $100, of Somalia. Greece and celebrating democracy in Greece State; Liz Bennett, $250, State; Citizens for (The following is a list of all members of and the United States. Gronstal, $250, State; Citizens for Jochum, my immediate family and their spouses. I S. Res. 418. A resolution recognizing Hafsat $150, State; Linn Phoenix Club, $250 (EST), have asked each of these persons to inform Abiola, Khanim Latif, Yoani Sanchez, and Local; Buchanan County Democratic Central me of the pertinent contributions made by Akanksha Hazari for their selflessness and Committee, $25, Local; Iowa Democratic them. To the best of my knowledge, the in- dedication to their respective causes, and for Party, $1,500, State. formation contained in this report is com- other purposes. Year 2012 plete and accurate.) By Mr. CORKER, from the Committee on Rob Hogg, $25, State; Daniel Lundby, $100, Foreign Relations, without amendment and State; Linn County Democratic Central Contributions, amount, date, and donee: with an amended preamble: Committee, $100 (EST), Local; Linn Phoenix 1. Self: $100, 07–13–13, Friends of Barbara S. Res. 436. A resolution supporting the Club, $250 (EST), Local; Iowa Democratic Nuchereno. goals and ideals of World Malaria Day. Party, $1,500 (EST), State. 2. Spouse: Kristy Doreen Cook: none. By Mr. CORKER, from the Committee on Year 2011 3. Children and Spouses (Both children Foreign Relations, without amendment and Linn County Democratic Central Com- under 16 years of age): Hannah Hagere with a preamble: mittee, $100 (EST), Local; Linn Phoenix Schwartz: none, Jonas Randolph Schwartz: S. Res. 442. A resolution condemning the Club,$250 (EST), Local; Iowa Democratic none. terrorist attacks in Brussels and honoring Party, $1,500 (EST), State. 4. Parents: Robert Norman Schwartz, none; the memory of the United States citizens Carole Lesses Schwartz—Deceased; Jean murdered in those attacks, and offering *Adam H. Sterling, of Virginia, a Career Suto Schwartz (Father’s second wife), $125, thoughts and prayers for all the victims, Member of the Senior Foreign Service, Class 10–22–13, Friends of Barbara Nuchereno. condolences to their families, resolve to sup- of Counselor, to be Ambassador Extraor- 5. Grandparents: Edward Idal Schwartz— port the Belgian people, and the pledge to de- dinary and Plenipotentiary of the United Deceased; Liza Dudnik Schwartz—Deceased. fend democracy and stand in solidarity with States of America to the Slovak Republic. 6. Brothers and Spouses: Edward A. the country of Belgium and all our allies in Nominee: Adam H. Sterling. Schwartz (brother), none; Sharon F. the face of continuing terrorist attacks on Post: Bratislava, Slovak Republic. Schwartz (sister-in-law), none; Lewis L. freedom and liberty. (The following is a list of all members of Schwartz (brother), $250, 08–29–12, Obama By Mr. THUNE, from the Committee on my immediate family and their spouses. I Victory Fund 2012; $250, 08–29–12, Obama for Commerce, Science, and Transportation, have asked each of these persons to inform America; Patricia Pierson Schwartz (sister- with an amendment in the nature of a sub- me of the pertinent contributions made by in-law), $250, 08–29–12, Obama for America; stitute: them. To the best of my knowledge, the in- $250, 10–23–13, Friends of Barbara Nuchereno. S. 2555. A bill to provide opportunities for formation contained in this report is com- broadband investment, and for other pur- plete and accurate.) 7. Sisters and Spouses: Barbara Schwartz poses. Contributions, amount, date, and donee: Nuchereno (sister), $150, 06–07–15, Brenda By Mr. INHOFE, from the Committee on 1. Self: None. FreedmanFamily Court; $400, 09–25–14, Pat- Environment and Public Works, without 2. Spouse: None. rick Gallivan/NYS Senate; $205, 07–25–13, Guy amendment: 3. Children and Spouses: Elka Sterling, Marlette/Amherst Town Cncil; $25, 05–01–13, S. 2824. A bill to designate the Federal None; Bram Sterling, None. Amherst Century Club; $150, 03–06–13, Debra building housing the Bureau of Alcohol, To- 4. Parents: Stanley Sterling, deceased; Glo- Givens/NYS Supreme Court; $580, 07–25–12, bacco, Firearms and Explosives Head- ria Sterling, deceased. Guy Marlette/Amherst Town Cncil; $325, 05– quarters located at 99 New York Avenue 5. Grandparents: Albert Wolfson, deceased; 12–12, Amherst Republicans. Louis J. N.E., Washington, D.C., as the ‘‘Ariel Rios Mollie Wolfson, deceased; Eddie Sterling, de- Nuchereno (brother-in-law): $250, 08–26–15, Federal Building’’. ceased; Janie Wolfson, deceased. Danielle Restaino/Judge; $125, 05–29–15, Ed By Mr. CORKER, from the Committee on 6. Brothers and Spouses: None. Rath/County Legislator; $1,000, 10–23–14, Ortt Foreign Relations, with an amendment: 7. Sisters and Spouses: Judith Gitel, $5/ for NYS Senate; $15,260, 02–07–14, Barbara S. 2845. A bill to extend the termination of month, DCCC House Democrats Act Blue; Nuchereno/Judge; $1,000, 10–22–13, Paul sanctions with respect to Venezuela under Abbie & Mark Frank, None. Wojtaszek/NYS Supr. Court; $1,000, 09–03–13, the Venezuela Defense of Human Rights and DeBlasio/NYC Mayor; $5,000, 09–11–13, Bar- Civil Society Act of 2014. *Kelly Keiderling-Franz, of Virginia, a Ca- bara Nuchereno/Judge; $15,000, 08–30–13, Bar- f reer Member of the Senior Foreign Service, bara Nuchereno/Judge; $75, 07–26–13, Barbara Class of Minister-Counselor, to be Ambas- Nuchereno/Judge; $10,000, 06–24–13, Barbara EXECUTIVE REPORTS OF sador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Nuchereno/Judge; $1,000, 06–24–13, Andrews/ COMMITTEES the United States of America to the Oriental State Treasurer; $250, 04–29–13, Barbara The following executive reports of Republic of Uruguay. Nuchereno/Judge; $250, 02–01–13, Mary Car- ney/Erie Cnty Family Crt; $250, 06–20–12, An- nominations were submitted: Nominee: Kelly Keiderling. Post: Uruguay. drews/State Treasurer; $2,500, 06–18–12, Mitt By Mr. CORKER for the Committee on (The following is a list of all members of Romney/US President; $2,500, 06–18–12, Mitt Foreign Relations. my immediate family and their spouses. I Romney/US President. *Swati A. Dandekar, of Iowa, to be United have asked each of these persons to inform States Director of the Asian Development me of the pertinent contributions made by Bank, with the rank of Ambassador. *Christine Ann Elder, of Kentucky, a Ca- them. To the best of my knowledge, the in- reer Member of the Senior Foreign Service, AFFIDAVIT formation contained in this report is com- Class of Counselor, to be Ambassador Ex- I, Swati A. Dandekar, do swear that the in- plete and accurate.) traordinary and Plenipotentiary of the formation provided in this statement is, to Contributions, amount, date, donee: United States of America to the Republic of the best of my knowledge, true and accurate. 1. Self: $0. Liberia. Date: 12/14/2015. 2. Spouse: David W. Franz: $0. Nominee: Christine A. Elder. SWATI A. DANDEKAR. 3. Children and Spouses (not married): Post: Monrovia. Katherine K. Franz: $0; Alexander K. Franz: Dandekar, Swati Arvind (The following is a list of all members of Senate Foreign Relations Committee Form $0. 4. Parents: Wallace E. Keiderling—de- my immediate family and their spouses. I Item B6 have asked each of these persons to inform Year 2015 (thru July 20, 2015) ceased; Maria del Rosario Keiderling: $0. me of the pertinent contributions made by Individual/Organization, Dollars, and Level 5. Grandparents: Katherine Keiderling—de- them. To the best of my knowledge, the in- (Local, State or National): ceased; Harvey Keiderling—deceased; Do- Sam Gray, $250, State Representative Elec- mingo Soruco—deceased; Luisa Rios de formation contained in this report is com- tions; Kumar Barve, $1500, U.S. Congress Soruco—deceased. plete and accurate.) (Maryland); Iowa Democratic Party, $200 6. Brothers and Spouses: Keith L. Contributions, amount, date, donee: (EST), State; Dubuque County Democratic Keiderling: $0; Hedy Cyker: $0. 1. Self: Christine A. Elder: none, N/A, N/A. Central Committee, $60, Local. 7. Sisters and Spouses: Casey J. Keiderling: 2. Spouse (see below note): Paul R. Hughes, Year 2014 $0; Jacques Naquet-Radiguet: $0. Jr.: $500, 3/30/11, Lofgren for Congress; Paul Iowa Democratic Party, $1,500 (EST), R. Hughes, Jr., $500, 8/4/11, Friends of Roger State; Linn Phoenix Club, $250 (EST), Local; *Stephen Michael Schwartz, of Maryland, a Wicker; Paul R. Hughes, Jr., $500, 11/15/11, Linn County Democratic Central Com- Career Member of the Senior Foreign Serv- Lofgren for Congress; Paul R. Hughes, Jr., mittee, $100 (EST), Local; Citizens for ice, Class of Counselor, to be Ambassador Ex- $500, 5/29/12, Anna Eshoo for Congress; Paul Gronstal, $250, State. traordinary and Plenipotentiary of the R. Hughes, Jr., $500, 3/7/13, Anna Eshoo for

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:46 Jul 22, 2016 Jkt 049060 PO 00000 Frm 00053 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\RECORD16\APR2016\S28AP6.REC S28AP6 bjneal on DSK2TWX8P1PROD with CONG-REC-ONLINE S2556 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 Congress; Paul R. Hughes, Jr., $1,000, 4/4/13, Julie Elizabeth Zinamon, which nominations ported recovery plan for the Mexican gray Lofgren for Congress; Paul R. Hughes, Jr., were received by the Senate and appeared in wolf; to the Committee on Environment and $750, 1/15/14, Democratic Congressional Cam- the Congressional Record on March 15, 2016. Public Works. paign Committee; Paul R. Hughes, Jr., $500, *Foreign Service nominations beginning By Mrs. SHAHEEN (for herself and 10/31/14, Lofgren for Congress; Paul R. with Nathan Seifert and ending with Joshua Mrs. CAPITO): Hughes, Jr., $500, 3/23/15, Ready PAC; Paul R. Burke, which nominations were received by S. 2877. A bill to amend title 32, United Hughes, Jr., $500, 6/30/15, Lofgren for Con- the Senate and appeared in the Congres- States Code, to specify the availability of gress. sional Record on April 14, 2016. certain funds provided by the Department of 3. Children and Spouses: Eleanor A. By Mr. GRASSLEY for the Committee on Defense to States for drug interdiction and Hughes: none, N/A, N/A; Christopher P. the Judiciary. counter-drug activities; to the Committee on Hughes: none, N/A, N/A. Patrick A. Burke, of the District of Colum- Armed Services. 4. Parents: Allen M. Elder: none, N/A, N/A; bia, to be United States Marshal for the Dis- By Mr. RUBIO (for himself, Mr. COR- Diane L. Elder, none, N/A, N/A. trict of Columbia for the term of four years. NYN, and Mr. BLUNT): 5. Grandparents: Verrill J. Cass (deceased): *Nomination was reported with rec- S. 2878. A bill to amend the International none, N/A, N/A; Dorothy A. Cass (deceased): ommendation that it be confirmed sub- none, N/A, N/A; William Elder (deceased): Religious Freedom Act of 1998 to improve the none, N/A, N/A; Selma Geyer (deceased): ject to the nominee’s commitment to ability of the United States to advance reli- none, N/A, N/A. respond to requests to appear and tes- gious freedom globally through enhanced di- 6. Brothers and Spouses: Gregory A. Elder: tify before any duly constituted com- plomacy, training, counterterrorism, and none, N/A, N/A. mittee of the Senate. foreign assistance efforts, and through 7. Sisters and Spouses: N/A: none, N/A, N/A. (Nominations without an asterisk stronger and more flexible political re- Note re item 2 above: My husband’s polit- were reported with the recommenda- sponses to religious freedom violations and ical giving record is bipartisan. Republican violent extremism worldwide, and for other contributions outside the covered period in- tion that they be confirmed.) purposes; to the Committee on Foreign Rela- clude: Rep. Bob Goodlatte (R-VA), Rep. f tions. Lamar Smith (R–TX), Rep. Jennifer Dunn INTRODUCTION OF BILLS AND By Ms. AYOTTE (for herself and Mrs. (R–WA), Longhorn PAC, Senator Orrin Hatch JOINT RESOLUTIONS CAPITO): (R–UT), Rep. Rick White (R–WA), Rep. Frank S. 2879. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- Wolf (R–VA), and Rep. Connie Morella (R– The following bills and joint resolu- enue Code of 1986 to provide further tax in- VA). After November 2010, when his then-em- tions were introduced, read the first centives for dependent care assistance; to ployer Adobe hired a Republican head of DC and second times by unanimous con- the Committee on Finance. office http://cloo.ol/Ju15uD my husband fo- sent, and referred as indicated: By Mrs. MURRAY (for herself, Mr. cused his contributions on Democrats. By Mr. BURR (for himself, Mr. CASEY, BOOKER, Mr. BROWN, Ms. BALDWIN, Mr. LEAHY, Mr. DURBIN, Mr. SCHU- *Elizabeth Holzhall Richard, of Virginia, a Ms. MURKOWSKI, and Ms. AYOTTE): MER, Mr. MARKEY, Ms. CANTWELL, Ms. Career Member of the Senior Foreign Serv- S. 2869. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- HIRONO, Mrs. GILLIBRAND, Mr. WYDEN, ice, Class of Minister-Counselor, to be Am- enue Code of 1986 to improve college savings Mr. SANDERS, Mr. FRANKEN, Ms. WAR- bassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary under section 529 programs, and for other REN, Mr. MERKLEY, Mr. MURPHY, Mr. of the United States of America to the Leba- purposes; to the Committee on Finance. BLUMENTHAL, Mr. WHITEHOUSE, Mrs. nese Republic. By Mrs. MCCASKILL (for herself and Nominee: Elizabeth Holzhall Richard. Mrs. ERNST): BOXER, and Mr. CASEY): Post: Lebanon. S. 2870. A bill to amend title 10, United S. 2880. A bill to prohibit, as an unfair and (The following is a list of all members of States Code, to prevent retaliation in the deceptive act or practice, commercial sexual my immediate family and their spouses. I military, and for other purposes; to the Com- orientation conversion therapy, and for have asked each of these persons to inform mittee on Armed Services. other purposes; to the Committee on Com- me of the pertinent contributions made by By Mr. THUNE: merce, Science, and Transportation. them. To the best of my knowledge, the in- S. 2871. A bill to establish the position of By Mr. ENZI (for himself and Mr. BEN- formation contained in this report is com- Choice Program Ombudsman within the Of- NET): fice of Inspector General of the Department plete and accurate.) S. 2881. A bill to authorize the Department of Veterans Affairs to manage complaints re- Contributions, amount, date, and donee: of Labor’s voluntary protection program; to 1. Self: None. garding the provision of hospital care and the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, 2. Spouse: (deceased). medical services under section 101 of the Vet- and Pensions. 3. Children and Spouses: N/A. erans Access, Choice, and Accountability Act By Mrs. CAPITO (for herself, Mr. 4. Parents: Vern F. Holzhall—None. Mary of 2014; to the Committee on Veterans’ Af- FLAKE, Mr. MCCAIN, Mr. INHOFE, Mr. V. Holzhall—None. fairs. CORNYN, and Mr. VITTER): 5. Grandparents: (deceased). By Mrs. CAPITO (for herself, Mr. 6. Brothers and Spouses: Vern J. Holzhall/ BROWN, and Mr. KING): S. 2882. A bill to facilitate efficient State Marianne Holzhall—None. John J. Holzhall/ S. 2872. A bill to require the Government implementation of ground-level ozone stand- Rosalba Sanchez Burgos—$25.00, 2012, Ron Accountability Office to submit to Congress ards, and for other purposes; to the Com- Paul. a report on neonatal abstinence syndrome mittee on Environment and Public Works. 7. Sisters and Spouses: Cheryl Sargent— By Mr. BROWN (for himself, Mr. None. Karen Rainier/Colin Rainier—None. (NAS) in the United States and its treatment under Medicaid; to the Committee on Fi- TOOMEY, Mr. SANDERS, Mrs. MURRAY, and Mr. CASEY): *R. David Harden, of Maryland, to be an nance. Assistant Administrator of the United By Mr. HATCH (for himself and Mr. S. 2883. A bill to amend title 38, United States Agency for International Develop- SCHATZ): States Code, to extend the requirement of ment. S. 2873. A bill to require studies and reports the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to submit examining the use of, and opportunities to a report on the capacity of the Department Mr. CORKER. Mr. President, for the use, technology-enabled collaborative learn- of Veterans Affairs to provide for the special- Committee on Foreign Relations I re- ing and capacity building models to improve ized treatment and rehabilitative needs of port favorably the following nomina- programs of the Department of Health and disabled veterans; to the Committee on Vet- tion lists which were printed in the Human Services, and for other purposes; to erans’ Affairs. RECORDS on the dates indicated, and the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, By Mr. COTTON: ask unanimous consent, to save the ex- and Pensions. S. 2884. A bill to address the liability of the pense of reprinting on the Executive By Mr. MURPHY (for himself and Mr. Environmental Protection Agency relating BOOKER): to the lead contamination of the water sup- Calendar that these nominations lie at S. 2874. A bill to amend title XIX of the So- the Secretary’s desk for the informa- ply of the City of Flint, Michigan; to the cial Security Act to protect the enrollment Committee on the Judiciary. tion of Senators. of incarcerated youth for medical assistance By Mr. TILLIS: The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without under the Medicaid program, and for other S. 2885. A bill to extend the runway at Pope objection, it is so ordered. purposes; to the Committee on Finance. Army Airfield; to the Committee on Armed By Mr. WARNER (for himself and Ms. *Foreign Service nomination of Victoria L. Services. AYOTTE): Mitchell. By Mr. WYDEN (for himself and Mr. *Foreign Service nomination of Antonio J. S. 2875. A bill to provide for the elimi- MERKLEY): Arroyave. nation or modification of Federal reporting *Foreign Service nominations beginning requirements; to the Committee on Home- S. 2886. A bill to reauthorize the Fisheries with Rian Harker Harris and ending with land Security and Governmental Affairs. Restoration and Irrigation Mitigation Act of Jennifer Marie Schuett, which nominations By Mr. FLAKE (for himself and Mr. 2000; to the Committee on Energy and Nat- were received by the Senate and appeared in MCCAIN): ural Resources. the Congressional Record on March 15, 2016. S. 2876. A bill to require the Director of the By Mr. SULLIVAN: *Foreign Service nominations beginning United States Fish and Wildlife Service to S. 2887. A bill to require the Missile De- with Melinda L. Crowley and ending with issue a scientifically valid and State-sup- fense Agency to conduct annual tests of the

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:46 Jul 22, 2016 Jkt 049060 PO 00000 Frm 00054 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\RECORD16\APR2016\S28AP6.REC S28AP6 bjneal on DSK2TWX8P1PROD with CONG-REC-ONLINE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2557 ground-based midcourse defense element of By Mr. THUNE: Young Americans’’; considered and agreed the ballistic missile defense system, and for S. 2899. A bill to remove Federal barriers to to. other purposes; to the Committee on Armed combating mosquito-borne transmission of By Mrs. CAPITO: Services. the Zika virus and promote public health, S. Res. 454. A resolution recognizing the By Mr. BURR (for himself, Mr. TILLIS, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Transportation Community Awareness and and Mr. NELSON): Environment and Public Works. Emergency Response program on its 30th an- S. 2888. A bill to amend the Public Health f niversary; considered and agreed to. Service Act with respect to the Agency for By Mr. BENNET (for himself, Mr. COR- Toxic Substances and Disease Registry’s re- SUBMISSION OF CONCURRENT AND NYN, Mr. REID, Mr. MENENDEZ, Mrs. view and publication of illness and condi- SENATE RESOLUTIONS MURRAY, Mr. DURBIN, Mr. SCHUMER, tions relating to veterans stationed at Camp The following concurrent resolutions Mr. UDALL, Mr. HEINRICH, Mr. BOOK- Lejeune, North Carolina, and their family and Senate resolutions were read, and ER, Mr. GARDNER, Mr. CRUZ, and Mr. members; to the Committee on Veterans’ Af- FRANKEN): fairs. referred (or acted upon), as indicated: S. Res. 455. A resolution recognizing the By Mr. COONS (for himself and Mrs. By Mr. TILLIS: cultural and historic significance of the FISCHER): S. Res. 447. A resolution designating May 1, Cinco de Mayo holiday; considered and S. 2889. A bill to amend the National 2016, as ‘‘National Purebred Dog Day’’; to the agreed to. Science Foundation Authorization Act of Committee on the Judiciary. f 2010 to authorize an Innovation Corps; to the By Ms. COLLINS (for herself, Mr. Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and BROWN, Mr. KIRK, Mr. COTTON, Mr. ADDITIONAL COSPONSORS Pensions. BLUNT, Mrs. CAPITO, Mr. MORAN, Mr. S. 258 By Ms. AYOTTE (for herself and Mrs. COCHRAN, Mr. DAINES, Ms. AYOTTE, OBERTS SHAHEEN): Mr. COONS, Mr. BOOKER, Mr. SCHU- At the request of Mr. R , the S. 2890. A bill to require the Secretary of MER, Mrs. FEINSTEIN, Mr. WYDEN, Mr. name of the Senator from New Mexico the Treasury to mint coins in recognition of CARPER, Mrs. SHAHEEN, Mrs. MURRAY, (Mr. HEINRICH) was added as a cospon- Christa McAuliffe; to the Committee on Ms. WARREN, Mr. DONNELLY, Ms. sor of S. 258, a bill to amend title XVIII Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. HIRONO, Mr. MENENDEZ, Ms. MIKUL- of the Social Security Act to remove By Mr. DURBIN (for himself and Mr. SKI, Mr. DURBIN, and Mr. HATCH): the 96-hour physician certification re- KIRK): S. Res. 448. A resolution recognizing the quirement for inpatient critical access S. 2891. A bill to designate the facility of roles and contributions of the teachers of the the United States Postal Service located at United States in building and enhancing the hospital services. 525 North Broadway in Aurora, Illinois, as civic, cultural, and economic well-being of S. 299 the ‘‘Kenneth M. Christy Post Office Build- the United States; considered and agreed to. At the request of Mr. FLAKE, the ing’’; to the Committee on Homeland Secu- By Mr. ALEXANDER (for himself, Mr. names of the Senator from Indiana rity and Governmental Affairs. BENNET, Mr. TOOMEY, Mr. GRAHAM, (Mr. DONNELLY) and the Senator from By Ms. STABENOW (for herself, Mr. Mr. CASSIDY, Mr. KIRK, Mr. VITTER, CRAPO, Ms. KLOBUCHAR, Mr. DAINES, Pennsylvania (Mr. CASEY) were added Mr. BURR, Mr. CRUZ, Mr. MCCONNELL, as cosponsors of S. 299, a bill to allow and Ms. CANTWELL): Mr. TILLIS, Mr. BOOZMAN, Ms. S. 2892. A bill to accelerate the use of wood travel between the United States and AYOTTE, Mr. GARDNER, Mr. CORNYN, in buildings, especially tall wood buildings, Mr. HATCH, Mr. MCCAIN, Mr. RUBIO, Cuba. and for other purposes; to the Committee on Mr. JOHNSON, Mr. SCOTT, Mr. INHOFE, S. 314 Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry. Mr. BOOKER, Mr. CARPER, Mr. COONS, By Mr. GRASSLEY (for himself and At the request of Mr. CASEY, the Mrs. FEINSTEIN, Mr. ISAKSON, Mr. Mr. LEAHY): name of the Senator from New Hamp- ERDUE, and Mr. WICKER): S. 2893. A bill to reauthorize the sound re- P shire (Mrs. SHAHEEN) was added as a co- S. Res. 449. A resolution congratulating the cording and film preservation programs of students, parents, teachers, and leaders of sponsor of S. 314, a bill to amend title the Library of Congress, and for other pur- charter schools across the United States for XVIII of the Social Security Act to poses; to the Committee on Rules and Ad- making ongoing contributions to education, provide for coverage under the Medi- ministration. and supporting the ideals and goals of the care program of pharmacist services. By Ms. STABENOW (for herself, Mr. 17th annual National Charter Schools Week, BROWN, Mr. PETERS, Mrs. MCCASKILL, S. 356 to be held May 1 through May 7, 2016; consid- and Ms. KLOBUCHAR): At the request of Mr. LEE, the name ered and agreed to. S. 2894. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- of the Senator from Colorado (Mr. BEN- By Mr. VITTER (for himself, Mrs. SHA- enue Code and the Employee Retirement In- NET) was added as a cosponsor of S. 356, come Security Act of 1974 to provide for sal- HEEN, Ms. AYOTTE, Mr. PETERS, Mr. RISCH, Ms. HEITKAMP, Mr. SCOTT, Mr. a bill to improve the provisions relat- ary reductions for certain employees of a ing to the privacy of electronic com- pension plan in critical or declining status MARKEY, Mrs. FISCHER, Ms. CANT- that reduces participant benefits, and for WELL, Mrs. ERNST, Mr. BOOKER, Mr. munications. other purposes; to the Committee on Health, GARDNER, Mr. CARDIN, Mr. ENZI, Ms. S. 772 Education, Labor, and Pensions. HIRONO, and Mr. RUBIO): At the request of Mr. CARDIN, the By Mrs. FEINSTEIN (for herself and S. Res. 450. A resolution honoring May 1 name of the Senator from Pennsyl- Mr. CORNYN): through May 7, 2016, as ‘‘National Small Business Week’’ and celebrating the con- vania (Mr. CASEY) was added as a co- S. 2895. A bill to extend the civil statute of sponsor of S. 772, a bill to secure the limitations for victims of Federal sex of- tributions of small businesses and entre- fenses; to the Committee on the Judiciary. preneurs in every community in the United Federal voting rights of persons when By Mr. MCCAIN (for himself, Mr. GRA- States; considered and agreed to. released from incarceration. HAM, Mr. FLAKE, Mr. TILLIS, Mr. COR- By Ms. KLOBUCHAR (for herself, Mr. S. 940 NYN, Ms. AYOTTE, Mrs. ERNST, and BLUNT, Mr. SCHATZ, Mr. KIRK, and At the request of Mrs. SHAHEEN, the Mr. CRUZ): Ms. HIRONO): name of the Senator from Massachu- S. 2896. A bill to eliminate the sunset date S. Res. 451. A resolution supporting the setts (Ms. WARREN) was added as a co- for the Veterans Choice Program of the De- goals and ideals of National Travel and Tour- partment of Veterans Affairs, to expand eli- ism Week and honoring the valuable con- sponsor of S. 940, a bill to require the gibility for such program, and to extend cer- tributions of travel and tourism to the Secretary of the Treasury to study the tain operating hours for pharmacies and United States; considered and agreed to. feasibility of providing certain tax- medical facilities of the Department, and for By Mr. GRASSLEY (for himself, Mr. payers with an optional, pre-prepared other purposes; to the Committee on Vet- LEAHY, Ms. AYOTTE, Mr. CASEY, Mrs. tax return, and for other purposes. erans’ Affairs. ERNST, Mrs. GILLIBRAND, and Mr. S. 1287 By Mr. BLUMENTHAL (for himself, HELLER): IRK Mr. FRANKEN, Mr. BROWN, Mr. WHITE- S. Res. 452. A resolution recognizing and At the request of Mr. K , the name HOUSE, Mr. MARKEY, Mr. SANDERS, supporting the goals and ideals of National of the Senator from Colorado (Mr. BEN- Mr. MERKLEY, and Ms. WARREN): Sexual Assault Awareness and Prevention NET) was added as a cosponsor of S. S. 2897. A bill to amend title 9, United Month; considered and agreed to. 1287, a bill to amend the Public Health States Code, with respect to arbitration; to By Mr. MENENDEZ (for himself, Mr. Service Act to revise and extend the the Committee on the Judiciary. BENNET, Mr. CRAPO, Mrs. FEINSTEIN, program for viral hepatitis surveil- Mrs. MURRAY, Mr. NELSON, Mr. REED, By Mrs. SHAHEEN: lance, education, and testing in order S. 2898. A bill to promote greater efficiency Mr. REID, Mr. SCHUMER, Mrs. BOXER, in contracting associated with the SBIR and and Mr. HATCH): to prevent deaths from chronic liver STTR programs of the Department of De- S. Res. 453. A resolution designating April disease and liver cancer, and for other fense; to the Committee on Armed Services. 30, 2016, as ‘‘Dia de los Ninos: Celebrating purposes.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00055 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.030 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2558 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 S. 1491 (Mr. SCHUMER) was added as a cospon- sexual assault survivors with certain At the request of Mr. BROWN, the sor of S. 2175, a bill to amend title 38, rights, and for other purposes. name of the Senator from Pennsyl- United States Code, to clarify the role S. 2595 vania (Mr. CASEY) was added as a co- of podiatrists in the Department of At the request of Mr. CRAPO, the sponsor of S. 1491, a bill to provide sen- Veterans Affairs, and for other pur- name of the Senator from Oklahoma sible relief to community financial in- poses. (Mr. INHOFE) was added as a cosponsor stitutions, to protect consumers, and S. 2289 of S. 2595, a bill to amend the Internal for other purposes. At the request of Mr. KAINE, the Revenue Code of 1986 to permanently S. 1555 name of the Senator from Minnesota extend the railroad track maintenance At the request of Ms. HIRONO, the (Mr. FRANKEN) was added as a cospon- credit. name of the Senator from Georgia (Mr. sor of S. 2289, a bill to modernize and S. 2621 ISAKSON) was added as a cosponsor of S. improve the Family Unification Pro- At the request of Mr. MERKLEY, the 1555, a bill to award a Congressional gram, and for other purposes. name of the Senator from New Mexico Gold Medal, collectively, to the Fili- S. 2292 (Mr. UDALL) was added as a cosponsor pino veterans of World War II, in rec- At the request of Mrs. FISCHER, the of S. 2621, a bill to amend the Federal ognition of the dedicated service of the name of the Senator from Idaho (Mr. Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act with re- veterans during World War II. CRAPO) was added as a cosponsor of S. spect to genetically engineered food S. 1631 2292, a bill to reform laws relating to transparency and uniformity. At the request of Ms. KLOBUCHAR, her small public housing agencies, and for S. 2659 name was added as a cosponsor of S. other purposes. At the request of Mr. BURR, the name 1631, a bill to amend the Employee Re- S. 2454 tirement Income Security Act of 1974 of the Senator from Indiana (Mr. DON- At the request of Mr. PAUL, the name NELLY) was added as a cosponsor of S. and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 of the Senator from Florida (Mr. to modify certain provisions relating 2659, a bill to reaffirm that the Envi- RUBIO) was added as a cosponsor of S. ronmental Protection Agency cannot to multiemployer pensions, and for 2454, a bill to limit the period of au- other purposes. regulate vehicles used solely for com- thorization of new budget authority petition, and for other purposes. S. 1830 provided in appropriation Acts, to re- S. 2707 At the request of Mr. BARRASSO, the quire analysis, appraisal, and evalua- name of the Senator from California At the request of Mr. SCOTT, the tion of existing programs for which names of the Senator from Alabama (Mrs. BOXER) was added as a cosponsor continued new budget authority is pro- of S. 1830, a bill to amend title XVIII of (Mr. SHELBY) and the Senator from posed to be authorized by committees South Dakota (Mr. THUNE) were added the Social Security Act to provide for of Congress, and for other purposes. the coverage of marriage and family as cosponsors of S. 2707, a bill to re- S. 2478 therapist services and mental health quire the Secretary of Labor to nullify counselor services under part B of the At the request of Mrs. MURRAY, the the proposed rule regarding defining Medicare program, and for other pur- name of the Senator from Wisconsin and delimiting the exemptions for ex- poses. (Ms. BALDWIN) was added as a cospon- ecutive, administrative, professional, sor of S. 2478, a bill to amend title 31, outside sales, and computer employees, S. 1852 United States Code, to require the Sec- to require the Secretary of Labor to At the request of Mr. CASEY, the retary of the Treasury to provide for name of the Senator from California conduct a full and complete economic the purchase of paper United States analysis with improved economic data (Mrs. FEINSTEIN) was added as a co- savings bonds with tax refunds. sponsor of S. 1852, a bill to amend title on small businesses, nonprofit employ- XIX of the Social Security Act to en- S. 2487 ers, Medicare or Medicaid dependent sure health insurance coverage con- At the request of Mrs. BOXER, the health care providers, and small gov- tinuity for former foster youth. name of the Senator from North Caro- ernmental jurisdictions, and all other lina (Mr. TILLIS) was added as a co- employers, and minimize the impact on S. 2067 sponsor of S. 2487, a bill to direct the such employers, before promulgating At the request of Mr. WICKER, the any substantially similar rule, and to name of the Senator from Indiana (Mr. Secretary of Veterans Affairs to iden- tify mental health care and suicide provide a rule of construction regard- DONNELLY) was added as a cosponsor of ing the salary threshold exemption S. 2067, a bill to establish EUREKA prevention programs and metrics that under the Fair Labor Standards Act of Prize Competitions to accelerate dis- are effective in treating women vet- 1938, and for other purposes. covery and development of disease- erans as part of the evaluation of such modifying, preventive, or curative programs by the Secretary, and for S. 2736 treatments for Alzheimer’s disease and other purposes. At the request of Ms. HEITKAMP, the related dementia, to encourage efforts S. 2540 names of the Senator from Virginia to enhance detection and diagnosis of At the request of Mr. REID, the name (Mr. KAINE) and the Senator from Vir- such diseases, or to enhance the qual- of the Senator from Oregon (Mr. ginia (Mr. WARNER) were added as co- ity and efficiency of care of individuals MERKLEY) was added as a cosponsor of sponsors of S. 2736, a bill to improve ac- with such diseases. S. 2540, a bill to provide access to coun- cess to durable medical equipment for S. 2123 sel for unaccompanied children and Medicare beneficiaries under the Medi- care program, and for other purposes. At the request of Mr. GRASSLEY, the other vulnerable populations. names of the Senator from Illinois (Mr. S. 2557 S. 2740 KIRK), the Senator from West Virginia At the request of Mr. CASEY, the At the request of Mr. KIRK, the name (Mr. MANCHIN), the Senator from Colo- name of the Senator from New Jersey of the Senator from Georgia (Mr. rado (Mr. BENNET), the Senator from (Mr. BOOKER) was added as a cosponsor PERDUE) was added as a cosponsor of S. Montana (Mr. DAINES) and the Senator of S. 2557, a bill to amend the Higher 2740, a bill to prohibit the transfer or from Florida (Mr. NELSON) were added Education Act of 1965 to repeal the sus- release of individuals detained at as cosponsors of S. 2123, a bill to reform pension of eligibility for grants, loans, United States Naval Station, Guanta- sentencing laws and correctional insti- and work assistance for drug-related namo Bay, Cuba, to state sponsors of tutions, and for other purposes. offenses. terrorism. At the request of Mr. DURBIN, the S. 2566 S. 2758 name of the Senator from Maryland At the request of Mrs. SHAHEEN, the At the request of Mr. TOOMEY, his (Ms. MIKULSKI) was added as a cospon- names of the Senator from California name was added as a cosponsor of S. sor of S. 2123, supra. (Mrs. BOXER) and the Senator from 2758, a bill to amend title XVIII of the S. 2175 Minnesota (Mr. FRANKEN) were added Social Security Act to remove consid- At the request of Mr. TESTER, the as cosponsors of S. 2566, a bill to amend eration of certain pain-related issues name of the Senator from New York title 18, United States Code, to provide from calculations under the Medicare

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00056 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.033 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2559 hospital value-based purchasing pro- from South Carolina (Mr. GRAHAM) lamic State in Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS gram, and for other purposes. were added as cosponsors of S. 2835, a or Da’esh) is committing genocide, At the request of Mr. JOHNSON, the bill to amend the National Dam Safety crimes against humanity, and war names of the Senator from New Hamp- Program Act to establish a program to crimes, and calling upon the President shire (Ms. AYOTTE) and the Senator provide grant assistance for the reha- to work with foreign governments and from Maine (Mr. KING) were added as bilitation and repair of high hazard po- the United Nations to provide physical cosponsors of S. 2758, supra. tential dams, and for other purposes. protection for ISIS’ targets, to support S. 2759 S. 2840 the creation of an international crimi- At the request of Mrs. ERNST, the At the request of Mr. SESSIONS, his nal tribunal with jurisdiction to punish name of the Senator from Montana name was added as a cosponsor of S. these crimes, and to use every reason- (Mr. TESTER) was added as a cosponsor 2840, a bill to amend the Omnibus able means, including sanctions, to de- of S. 2759, a bill to amend the Internal Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of stroy ISIS and disrupt its support net- Revenue Code of 1986 to provide a non- 1968 to authorize COPS grantees to use works. refundable credit for working family grant funds for active shooter training, S. RES. 373 caregivers. and for other purposes. At the request of Ms. HIRONO, the S. 2772 At the request of Mr. CORNYN, the name of the Senator from Massachu- At the request of Ms. BALDWIN, the names of the Senator from Missouri setts (Ms. WARREN) was added as a co- name of the Senator from Vermont (Mr. BLUNT), the Senator from Arkan- sponsor of S. Res. 373, a resolution rec- (Mr. LEAHY) was added as a cosponsor sas (Mr. BOOZMAN), the Senator from ognizing the historical significance of of S. 2772, a bill to eliminate the re- Alaska (Ms. MURKOWSKI) and the Sen- Executive Order 9066 and expressing quirement that veterans pay a copay- ator from Rhode Island (Mr. WHITE- the sense of the Senate that policies ment to the Department of Veterans HOUSE) were added as cosponsors of S. that discriminate against any indi- Affairs to receive opioid antagonists or 2840, supra. vidual based on the actual or perceived education on the use of opioid antago- S. 2843 race, ethnicity, national origin, or reli- nists. At the request of Mr. NELSON, the gion of that individual would be a rep- etition of the mistakes of Executive S. 2787 names of the Senator from Michigan (Mr. PETERS), the Senator from Penn- Order 9066 and contrary to the values of At the request of Mr. WARNER, the ASEY the United States. name of the Senator from Washington sylvania (Mr. C ), the Senator from Oregon (Mr. MERKLEY), the Senator S. RES. 432 (Mrs. MURRAY) was added as a cospon- sor of S. 2787, a bill to amend title XIX from Maine (Mr. KING), the Senator At the request of Mr. KIRK, his name of the Social Security Act to provide from North Dakota (Ms. HEITKAMP), was added as a cosponsor of S. Res. 432, the same level of Federal matching as- the Senator from West Virginia (Mr. a resolution supporting respect for sistance for every State that chooses MANCHIN) and the Senator from Wash- human rights and encouraging inclu- to expand Medicaid coverage to newly ington (Ms. CANTWELL) were added as sive governance in Ethiopia. eligible individuals, regardless of when cosponsors of S. 2843, a bill to provide S. RES. 436 such expansion takes place. emergency supplemental appropria- At the request of Mr. WICKER, the tions to address the Zika crisis. name of the Senator from Maryland S. 2794 S. 2849 (Mr. CARDIN) was added as a cosponsor At the request of Ms. COLLINS, her At the request of Mr. SASSE, the of S. Res. 436, a resolution supporting name was added as a cosponsor of S. names of the Senator from New Hamp- the goals and ideals of World Malaria 2794, a bill to establish a process for the shire (Ms. AYOTTE), the Senator from Day. submission and consideration of peti- Wyoming (Mr. ENZI), the Senator from tions for temporary duty suspensions S. RES. 442 North Carolina (Mr. TILLIS), the Sen- and reductions, and for other purposes. At the request of Mr. CORKER, the ator from Wisconsin (Mr. JOHNSON) and name of the Senator from New Hamp- S. 2803 the Senator from Wisconsin (Ms. BALD- shire (Mrs. SHAHEEN) was added as a co- At the request of Mr. SASSE, the WIN) were added as cosponsors of S. sponsor of S. Res. 442, a resolution con- name of the Senator from Florida (Mr. 2849, a bill to ensure the Government demning the terrorist attacks in Brus- RUBIO) was added as a cosponsor of S. Accountability Office has adequate ac- sels and honoring the memory of the 2803, a bill to require the Secretary of cess to information. United States citizens murdered in Health and Human Services to deposit S. 2850 those attacks, and offering thoughts certain funds into the general fund of At the request of Mrs. FISCHER, the and prayers for all the victims, condo- the Treasury in accordance with provi- name of the Senator from South Caro- lences to their families, resolve to sup- sions of Federal law with regard to the lina (Mr. SCOTT) was added as a cospon- port the Belgian people, and the pledge Patient Protection and Affordable Care sor of S. 2850, a bill to amend the Small to defend democracy and stand in soli- Act’s Transitional Reinsurance Pro- Business Act to provide for expanded darity with the country of Belgium and gram. participation in the microloan pro- all our allies in the face of continuing S. 2825 gram, and for other purposes. terrorist attacks on freedom and lib- At the request of Ms. COLLINS, the S.J. RES. 33 erty. name of the Senator from Ohio (Mr. At the request of Mr. ISAKSON, the AMENDMENT NO. 3862 BROWN) was added as a cosponsor of S. names of the Senator from Arizona At the request of Mr. KING, the name 2825, a bill to amend title 37, United (Mr. MCCAIN) and the Senator from Ar- of the Senator from Maine (Ms. COL- States Code, to require compliance izona (Mr. FLAKE) were added as co- LINS) was added as a cosponsor of with domestic source requirements for sponsors of S.J. Res. 33, a joint resolu- amendment No. 3862 intended to be pro- footwear furnished to enlisted members tion providing for congressional dis- posed to H.R. 2028, a bill making appro- of the Armed Forces upon their initial approval under chapter 8 of title 5, priations for energy and water develop- entry into the Armed Forces. United States Code, of the rule sub- ment and related agencies for the fiscal S. 2830 mitted by the Department of Labor re- year ending September 30, 2016, and for At the request of Mr. SCHUMER, the lating to the definition of the term ‘‘fi- other purposes. name of the Senator from Ohio (Mr. duciary’’ and the conflict of interest AMENDMENT NO. 3873 BROWN) was added as a cosponsor of S. rule with respect to retirement invest- At the request of Mr. TOOMEY, his 2830, a bill to amend the Safe Drinking ment advice. name was added as a cosponsor of Water Act to provide for a school and S. RES. 340 amendment No. 3873 intended to be pro- child care lead testing grant program. At the request of Mr. CASSIDY, the posed to H.R. 2028, a bill making appro- S. 2835 name of the Senator from Georgia (Mr. priations for energy and water develop- At the request of Mr. REED, the ISAKSON) was added as a cosponsor of S. ment and related agencies for the fiscal names of the Senator from Rhode Is- Res. 340, a resolution expressing the year ending September 30, 2016, and for land (Mr. WHITEHOUSE) and the Senator sense of Congress that the so-called Is- other purposes.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00057 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.035 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2560 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 At the request of Mr. RUBIO, his name an amendment to the National Defense screened, and 18 fish passage evalua- was added as a cosponsor of amend- Authorization Act during markup that tions have been completed. This pro- ment No. 3873 intended to be proposed requires the Army to report to the Sen- gram has led to multiple accomplish- to H.R. 2028, supra. ate their plans to extend the runway at ments for communities in the Pacific f Pope and whether it is the top priority Northwest, but there are still tens of for the Army. I think our paratroopers thousands of unscreened water diver- STATEMENTS ON INTRODUCED and crews need to know this. I know sions in Oregon, Washington, Idaho, BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS our taxpayers need to know this. And, and western Montana. There is still By Mr. TILLIS: more than anything, I want to make work to be done, and FRIMA could pro- S. 2885. A bill to extend the runway sure that when we deploy the proud vide the means to continue to make a at Pope Army Airfield; to the Com- men and women from the Green Ramp difference for sustainable fisheries and mittee on Armed Services. of Pope Army Airfield, we do it loaded water management. Mr. TILLIS. Mr. President, when it and ready to go wherever they need to At its core, FRIMA is centered on the comes to projecting America’s power, I go in the United States or around the concept of collaboration. This is a pro- have said many times that North Caro- world. gram borne through bi-partisan and lina is the tip of the American spear. multi-sectoral support. FRIMA is em- When our country calls, it is a safe bet By Mr. WYDEN (for himself and braced by water users, farmers, fish- that the first responders will be U.S. Mr. MERKLEY): eries managers and conservation orga- Marines from Camp Lejeune or our S. 2886. A bill to reauthorize the nizations alike. The economic and eco- paratroopers of the 18th Airborne sta- Fisheries Restoration and Irrigation logical integrity of our region depends tioned at Fort Bragg. Mitigation Act of 2000; to the Com- on resilient fisheries and sustainable The 18th Airborne is America’s Glob- mittee on Energy and Natural Re- management of water resources, and al Response Force. When called, units sources. FRIMA offers a means to concurrently of the 18th Airborne can be anywhere Mr. WYDEN. Mr. President, today I make positive strides in sustainably in the world within 48 hours. Because am introducing the Reauthorization of managing both our water diversions of this unique mission—unique to Fort the Fisheries Restoration and Irriga- and our treasured fishery resources. Bragg and the 18th Airborne—Pope tion Mitigation Act of 2000, also re- Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- Army Airfield is the busiest tactical ferred to as FRIMA. This Act was es- sent that the text of the bill be printed airfield in the Armed Forces. tablished to support healthy fish popu- in the RECORD. Unfortunately, Pope is also home of lations while simultaneously allowing There being no objection, the text of the shortest runway in the Army. If for continued water diversions for irri- the bill was ordered to be printed in the 18th Airborne is put on alert, C–5 gation and other uses in the Pacific the RECORD, as follows: and C–17 aircraft are needed to launch Northwest. I championed this pro- S. 2886 the force, and they cannot depart fully gram’s last reauthorization in 2009, and Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- fueled with a full load of paratroopers I can say with certainty that the press- resentatives of the United States of America in and equipment off of the airfield. The ing need for FRIMA has not gone away. Congress assembled, current Pope Army Airfield runway Throughout the Pacific Northwest SECTION 1. REAUTHORIZATION OF THE FISH- provides only 8,500 feet for takeoff; there is a critical need for projects that ERIES RESTORATION AND IRRIGA- however, to take off, the C–17 needs a improve fish passage without compro- TION MITIGATION ACT OF 2000. minimum of 10,500 feet and the C–5 re- mising important water diversion Section 10(a) of the Fisheries Restoration needs for agriculture and other uses. and Irrigation Mitigation Act of 2000 (16 quires 11,500 feet. U.S.C. 777 note; Public Law 106–502) is The Air Force’s air refueling fleet is The sustainable coexistence of contin- amended by striking ‘‘2009 through 2015’’ and already stressed. The C–17s and C–5s ued water diversions and healthy fish inserting ‘‘ 2017 through 2024’’. used to carry out the Global Response populations can be achieved through a Force missions have to leave Pope number of interventions, such as in- By Mr. GRASSLEY (for himself Army Airfield with full equipment and stallation of fish screens, removal of and Mr. LEAHY): paratroopers but only about 60 percent fish passage barriers, and carrying out S. 2893. A bill to reauthorize the of their fuel capacity. This requires inventories to better understand needs sound recording and film preservation them to go either to Charleston, SC, or and priorities. The technology and the programs of the Library of Congress, Gander, Newfoundland, to get refueled knowledge needed to carry out these and for other purposes; to the Com- so they can continue their mission. projects are at our finger tips; the mittee on Rules and Administration. One refueling stop for an airlift coming means, however, is not. Mr. GRASSLEY. Mr. President, out of Pope at Gander, Newfoundland, That is why FRIMA is such an impor- today I am introducing The Library of costs $17,000 per hour. If 53 aircraft— tant program for the Pacific North- Congress Sound Recording and Film roughly the number required to west. The act, overseen by the U.S. Preservation Programs Reauthoriza- outload the heaviest brigade combat Fish and Wildlife Service, provides a tion Act of 2016. I am pleased to have team—have to refuel at Gander, it Federal cost-share on the order of 65 Senator LEAHY as a cosponsor. This bill costs about $2 million one-way because percent to fund fish passage and fish would reauthorize the sound recording they can’t be fully loaded when they screen projects at water diversion and and film preservation programs of the take off from Pope Army Airfield. This irrigation sites in Oregon, Washington, Library of Congress through fiscal year refueling stop also adds 2.5 more hours Idaho, and western Montana. This vol- 2026. The current authorization sunsets to the time on the mission, and the untary cost-shared program authorizes in September 2016. In addition to reau- mission objective is to be anywhere in $25 million in Federal funds, to be thorizing the programs, the bill would the world in 48 hours. equally shared among the 4 States, increase the National Recording Pres- Prior to the last round of BRAC, ex- that can be leveraged to make these es- ervation Foundation’s number of board tending the Pope runway to accommo- sential projects to improve fish passage members and place a cap on Federal date fully loaded C–17 and C–5 aircraft and install fish screens come to fru- matching funds similar to what is cur- was Air Mobility Command’s No. 1 air- ition. rently required of the National Film field project, and the U.S. Air Force FRIMA has a history of dem- Preservation Foundation. said it was their No. 2 project. How- onstrated success in Oregon and Congress created the National Film ever, this has fallen off the Army’s pri- throughout the Pacific Northwest. Ac- Preservation Board in 1988 and the Na- ority list, and I am not really sure cording to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife tional Film Preservation Foundation why. Service, 127 projects have been funded in 1996 to help save historically signifi- Extending the Pope runway to ac- through FRIMA to date. These projects cant American films for the benefit of commodate the airlift requirements of have reopened more than 1,130 miles of the public. In 2000, Congress created the Global Response Force and the 18th habitat to fish passage. In total, 56 fish the National Recording Preservation Airborne Corps is a national strategic passage barriers have been removed, Board and the National Recording priority. Therefore, I will be offering 130 water diversion sites have been Preservation Foundation to help save

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00058 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.037 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2561 historically important American sound ated ‘‘to boost the local economy by ceived funds to preserve a number of recordings. luring businesses to Council Bluffs. films significant to Iowa history, in- The two boards advise the Librarian This historic film sat in our archives cluding ‘‘a set of student-produced of Congress on national preservation for over 80 years, unwatched and dete- dance films (1939) believed to be the planning policy, helping the Library riorating over time. With the help of oldest thesis films of their type in the develop and disseminate preservation the [National Film Preservation Fund], nation. Another noteworthy project is and production standards for at-risk we were able to preserve and digitize Iowa State’s Rath Packing Company works. In addition, the Film Board se- this wonderful time capsule of our Collection (ca. 1933), a group of depres- lects films of importance to cinema local history. Thanks to the [National sion era films documenting the largest and America’s cultural and artistic his- Film Preservation Foundation], this meatpacking company in the country. tory for the National Film Registry, lost piece of history has been viewed The films show the Rath test kitchen, while the Recording Board selects hundreds of times and is now safe from packing plant operations, and adver- sound recordings which have been rec- decay and available for the public.’’ tising efforts. Thanks to a [National ognized for their cultural, artistic and/ Mr. Johnson wrote, ‘‘Did you know Film Preservation Foundation] grant, or historical significance to American Council Bluffs Iowa had the first elec- this collection is now available for society and the Nation’s audio legacy tric Streetcar system in the country? scholars and historians.’’ for the National Recording Registry. As a result of this grant we were able I appreciate the fact that these Li- The two foundations are the private to see, for the first time, real, moving brary of Congress programs have sector charitable affiliates of the images of Council Bluffs from back placed a special emphasis on assisting Boards. They raise funds and distribute when it was a major rail hub. I have no small and local projects that would them to archives throughout the U.S. doubt that without support from the otherwise have been lost or overlooked. The Library’s Federal match is used [National Film Preservation Founda- Local libraries and historical societies for small grants to archives, edu- tion], vital pieces of local history have been helped by the National Film cational institutions, museums and would be lost forever.’’ Preservation Foundation to rescue films that, according to Mr. Johnson, local historical societies with small Ms. Jack wrote, ‘‘Coe College re- Ms. Jack and Mr. McCartney, ‘‘aren’t film and sound recording collections in ceived grants to preserve two films Hollywood features but regional films need of preservation. A requirement of that depict campus life in the 1930s and and newsreels that document our his- the grants is that recipients make 1960s. Once these historically rich films tory and culture.’’ According to Ms. these works available to researchers, were preserved more than 170 people at- tended a screening of the films. Thanks Jack, ‘‘we and other Iowa organiza- educators and the general public. tions have hundreds of other culturally These programs have allowed the Li- to that event, the college was able to and historically significant films that brary of Congress, in collaboration raise funds from alumni to preserve a need preservation work to survive. third campus film from 1972. The public with a wide range of industry organiza- These document the history of our funding from the [National Film Pres- tions, no-profit libraries and archives, state [of Iowa] from its earliest years ervation Foundation] helped us not preservation organizations, artist to present time.’’ So the biggest value only share our history with the public guilds, educators and academics, to that I see of these programs is that collect and preserve at-risk films and but also generated financial support they boost smaller archives with few recordings all over the country. from the community. Since posting the resources to protect their collections, My State of Iowa has benefitted di- films on our website students, faculty and they provide smaller organizations rectly from these programs. For exam- and the public have viewed the films with a path to learn about film preser- ple, the National Film Preservation using them in academic and public his- vation and successful production stand- Foundation has provided grants to pre- tory research.’’ ards. These programs are an invaluable According to a statement from Ms. serve films held in Iowa institutions, partner to these small and local orga- Zanish-Belcher, who managed the Na- including Coe College, Council Bluffs nizations in their efforts to save Amer- Public Library, Davenport Public Li- tional Film Preservation Foundation ica’s moving picture and sound record- brary, Herbert Hoover Presidential Li- film grant when she was Head of the ing heritage. brary-Museum, Iowa State University Special Collections Department at It is important to foster an environ- American Archives of the Factual Iowa State University, ‘‘[t]hanks to ment that encourages the preservation Film, and the University of Iowa. In the National Film Preservation Foun- of our nation’s cultural resources, and addition, a number of Iowa-related dation, NFPF, Iowa State University films and music are a big part of the items are preserved in the Library of was able to preserve and make acces- American experience. As such, vulner- Congress Packard Campus audio-visual sible an important group of films docu- able motion pictures and sound record- collection, including copies of Iowa menting the Rath Packing Company of ings of historic and cultural signifi- Public Radio and Public Television Cedar Rapids, Iowa. As the Head of the cance should be protected from disinte- items from the American Archive of Special Collections Department at gration and decay. I understand that Public Broadcasting. Iowa State at the time, I oversaw the many of these works already have been Iowa constituents have contacted my preservation of these fragile nitrate lost and that others are deteriorating office about their support for the reau- films from the 1930s. Without support rapidly. I am a history buff, so I am in- thorization of these programs. For ex- from the NFPF, these important visual spired when I see works that depict our ample, I heard from Ben Johnson, Sup- documents of Iowa History would have American heritage—and especially life port Service Librarian at the Council been lost. The NFPF continues to help in Iowa and rural America—saved for Bluffs Public Library, Jill Jack, Direc- regional archives throughout the coun- future generations. We need to safe- tor of Library Services, College Archi- try, helping to save more than 2,230 guard these precious items so they are vist and Associate Professor at Coe films and collections in all 50 states. not lost and so that generations of College, Tanya Zanish-Belcher, Direc- While most film preservation efforts Americans to come can appreciate and tor of Special Collection & Archives at focus on the Hollywood product, the learn about their historical and cre- Wake Forest University, and David NFPF is the only agency devoted to ative roots in both film and sound re- McCartney, University Archivist at the helping organizations like Iowa State cordings. Many of these works are University of Iowa, about the value of University preserve films in their col- unique and rare, so I am pleased to sup- these programs to local libraries and lections that would otherwise deterio- port the Library of Congress programs historical societies, and how their or- rate and go unseen. These films provide and their effort to assist organizations ganizations were in the possession of important historical documentation all across the 50 States to preserve materials that were able to be saved depicting local and regional business, these treasures for students, research- with the help of these programs. groups, and organizations of interest to ers and the general public. According to Mr. Johnson, the Coun- both Iowa constituents and U.S. citi- I look forward to swift action on this cil Bluffs Public Library received a zens.’’ bill so that it can be enacted before grant to preserve a 1930s silent film en- According to a letter from Mr. these programs sunset at the end of titled Man Power, which had been cre- McCartney, the University of Iowa re- September.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00059 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.043 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2562 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- vation work to survive. These document the In 2012 Council Bluffs Public Library re- sent that the text of the bill and let- history of our state from its earliest years to ceived a grant to preserve Man Power, a 1930 ters of support be printed in the present time. silent film created to boost the local econ- Thanks to the National Film Preservation omy by luring businesses to Council Bluffs. RECORD. Foundation we have made important This historic film sat in our archives for over There being no objection, the mate- progress on saving this important material. 80 years, unwatched and deteriorating over rial was ordered to be printed in the To date the NFPF has helped rescue more time. With the help of the NFPF, we were RECORD, as follows: than 2,600 films from all 50 states and these able to preserve and digitize this wonderful S. 2893 aren’t Hollywood features but regional films time capsule of our local history. Thanks to and newsreels that document our history and Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- the NFPF, this lost piece of history has been culture. viewed hundreds of times and is now safe resentatives of the United States of America in The NFPF has been very effective since it from decay and available for the public. Congress assembled, started operations in 1997. I urge you to sup- Did you know Council Bluffs Iowa had the SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. port their work. With additional funding the first electric Streetcar system in the coun- This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Library of National Film Preservation Foundation can try? As a result of this grant we were able to Congress Sound Recording and Film Preser- continue to work with organizations like the see, for the first time, real, moving images of vation Programs Reauthorization Act of University of Iowa to save America’s herit- Council Bluffs from back when it was a 2016’’. age. I would be happy to speak with your major rail hub. I have no doubt that without SEC. 2. SOUND RECORDING PRESERVATION PRO- staff if you have any questions. Please support from the NFPF, vital pieces of local GRAMS. phone, email or write if I can provide addi- history would be lost forever. (a) NATIONAL RECORDING PRESERVATION tional information. Thanks to the National Film Preservation BOARD.—Section 133 of the National Record- Best wishes, Foundation, we and other local libraries and ing Preservation Act of 2000 (2 U.S.C. 1743) is DAVID MCCARTNEY. historical societies have been able to save amended by striking ‘‘through fiscal year important films that would otherwise be 2016’’ and inserting ‘‘through fiscal year APRIL 21, 2016. overlooked. To date the NFPF has helped 2026’’. Hon. CHARLES E. GRASSLEY, rescue more than 2,600 films from all 50 (b) NATIONAL RECORDING PRESERVATION U.S. Senate, states and these aren’t Hollywood features FOUNDATION.— Washington, DC. but regional films and newsreels that docu- (1) REAUTHORIZATION.—Section 152411(a) of DEAR SENATOR GRASSLEY: I write to ask ment our history and culture. title 36, United States Code, is amended by your support for reauthorization of the Na- The NFPF has been very effective since it striking ‘‘through fiscal year 2016 an amount tional Film Preservation Foundation, the started operations in 1997. They assist not not to exceed’’ and inserting ‘‘through fiscal grant-giving public charity set up by Con- only the largest film archives in the country, year 2026 an amount not to exceed the lesser gress in 1996 to help save America’s film her- but also provide a path for smaller organiza- of $750,000 or’’. itage. I understand that the NFPF’s reau- tions to learn about film preservation and protect their collections. I urge you to sup- (2) NUMBER OF MEMBERS OF BOARD OF DIREC- thorization comes before the Senate this ses- port their work. With additional funding the TORS.—Section 152403(b)(2) of title 36, United sion. States Code, is amended— In Iowa we have benefitted directly from National Film Preservation Foundation can continue to work with organizations like (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘nine the programs of the National Film Preserva- Council Bluffs Public Library to save Amer- directors’’ and inserting ‘‘12 directors’’; and tion Foundation. Coe College received grants ica’s heritage. Thank you for your time and (B) in subparagraph (C), by striking ‘‘six to preserve two films that depict campus life please be in touch if you have any questions. directors’’ each place it appears and insert- in the 1930s and 1960s. Once these historically Best wishes, ing ‘‘8 directors’’. rich films were preserved more than 170 peo- BEN JOHNSON. SEC. 3. FILM PRESERVATION PROGRAMS. ple attended a screening of the films. Thanks to that event, the college was able to raise Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, two days (a) NATIONAL FILM PRESERVATION BOARD.— Section 112 of the National Film Preserva- funds from alumni to preserve a third cam- ago, we recognized World IP Day, cele- tion Act of 1996 (2 U.S.C. 179v) is amended by pus film from 1972. The public funding from brating the profound contributions the NFPF helped us not only share our his- striking ‘‘through fiscal year 2016’’ and in- that artists and inventors make to our tory with the public but also generated fi- serting ‘‘through fiscal year 2026’’. culture and beyond. The theme of this nancial support from the community. Since (b) NATIONAL FILM PRESERVATION FOUNDA- posting the films on our website students, year’s World IP Day was Digital Cre- TION.—Section 151711(a)(1)(C) of title 36, faculty and the public have viewed the films ativity: Culture Reimagined, and United States Code, is amended by striking using them in academic and public history events around the world focused on ‘‘through 2016’’ and inserting ‘‘through 2026’’. research. how to promote and protect creative The Herbert Hoover Presidential Library efforts in the digital age. As we look NOVEMBER 19, 2015. and Museum, Davenport Public Library, Hon. CHARLES E. GRASSLEY, forward to new and innovative digital Council Bluffs Public Library, and Iowa creations we must also be vigilant in U.S. Senate, State University also received grants to pre- Washington, DC. preserving the past. serve films from the NFPF. We and other We must ensure that the films and DEAR SENATOR GRASSLEY: I write to ask Iowa organizations have hundreds of other your support for reauthorization of the Na- culturally and historically significant films recordings that played vital roles in tional Film Preservation Foundation that need preservation work to survive. shaping and recording the American (NFPF), the grant-giving public charity set These document the history of our state experience are preserved for future up by Congress in 1996 to help save America’s from its earliest years to present time. generations. Those works, created by film heritage. I understand that the NFPF’s The NFPF has been very effective since it previous generations, tell us who we reauthorization comes before the Senate this started operations in 1997. To date the NFPF session. are, and who we were, as a society. To has helped rescue more than 2,600 films from help ensure that these records of our In Iowa we benefit directly from the pro- all 50 states and these aren’t Hollywood fea- grams of the NFPF. The University of Iowa tures but regional films and newsreels that history, our dreams, and our aspira- has received funds from the foundation to document our history and culture. I urge you tions can be viewed and appreciated by preserve several films significant to Iowa to support their work. With additional fund- future generations, I am joining with history. These include a set of student-pro- ing the National Film Preservation Founda- Senator GRASSLEY to introduce legisla- duced dance films (1939) believed to be the tion can continue to work with organiza- tion reauthorizing the Library of Con- oldest thesis films of their type in the na- tions like the University of Iowa to save gress sound recording and film preser- tion. Another noteworthy project is Iowa America’s heritage. State’s Rath Packing Company Collection vation programs. Best wishes, Congress has long recognized the im- (ca. 1933), a group of depression-era films JILL JACK. documenting the largest meatpacking com- portance of cultural preservation, cre- pany in the country. The films show the NOVEMBER 19, 2015. ating the National Film Preservation Rath test kitchen, packing plant operations, Hon. CHARLES E. GRASSLEY, Program in 1988 and the National and advertising efforts. Thanks to an NFPF U.S. Senate, Sound Recording Preservation Pro- grant, this collection is now available for Washington, DC. gram in 2000 within the Library of Con- scholars and historians. DEAR SENATOR GRASSLEY: I write to ask gress. Both programs help preserve his- The Herbert Hoover Presidential Library your support for reauthorization of the Na- torical and cultural artifacts that and Museum, Coe College, Davenport Public tional Film Preservation Foundation would otherwise disappear or be de- Library, and Council Bluffs Public Library (NFPF), the grant-giving public charity set also received grants to preserve films from up by Congress in 1996 to help save America’s stroyed through the passage of time. the NFPF. We and other Iowa organizations film heritage. I understand that the NFPF’s The Library of Congress uses the pro- have hundreds of other culturally and his- reauthorization comes before the Senate this grams to advance important preserva- torically significant films that need preser- session. tion efforts including recognizing films

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00060 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.043 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2563 and sound recordings on the National By Mrs. FEINSTEIN (for herself The bill would clarify that, for both Film and National Recording Reg- and Mr. CORNYN): laws providing civil remedies for these istries. S. 2895. A bill to extend the civil stat- victims, the time for a victim to bring The programs also created the feder- ute of limitations for victims of Fed- a claim against the perpetrator would ally chartered National Film and Na- eral sex offenses; to the Committee on not begin to run until after the victim tional Recording Preservation Founda- the Judiciary. actually discovers the injury or the tions. The foundations provide grants Mrs. FEINSTEIN. Mr. President, I violation. to a wide array of educational and non- rise to introduce the Extending Justice This is significant because victims of profit organizations to preserve films for Sex Crime Victims Act, which is a sex crimes are sometimes abused even and sound recordings. To date, the Na- bill to extend the time for child sexual before they can remember the abuse— tional Film Preservation Foundation abuse victims to seek justice against some as young as 3-years old. has given grants to organizations in all their perpetrators. The bill therefore clarifies that the 50 States, including to Hildene, the I would like to thank Senator COR- time for a victim to sue her perpe- Lincoln Family Home in Manchester, NYN for working closely with me on trator does not begin to run when the Vermont, which used the money to pre- this important issue. violation occurs, but rather when the serve home movies of Robert Todd Lin- Tragically, all over the country, vic- victim first discovers the injury or the coln’s descendants from the 1920s to tims of sexual abuse are coming for- violation. the 1940s. Well over 2000 films, many of ward to tell their stories of abuse and This is also important because vic- which can now be viewed online, have exploitation at the height of their in- tims of child pornography—who are been preserved through the Founda- nocence when they were children. also sexually abused—may not even tion’s grants. Among the preserved Several from California, for example, ‘‘discover’’ that their illegal, porno- films is the earliest feature film shot have contacted my office, and de- graphic images are being distributed in Vermont, ‘‘A Vermont Romance’’ scribed with great courage their pain over the internet and elsewhere until from 1916. and anguish. later in life. Each of these individual stories rep- By reauthorizing these important The bill therefore ensures that minor resents an untold amount of pain and programs through 2027, this legislation victims have an extended period to will allow the Library of Congress and suffering. When you look at the num- seek justice against their perpetrators the Foundations to continue their im- bers, you cannot help but feel dev- after discovering their injury or viola- portant work in preserving America’s astated. tion. fading treasures, as well as providing Indeed, the numbers reveal that no Under current law, it is unclear from grants that will help libraries, muse- one is too far removed from being af- court opinions when victims must ums, and archives preserve these works fected by deplorable crimes committed bring their claims, and Congress must and make them available for study and against children. make clear it has always intended research. I urge my colleagues to act Studies indicate that at least one in these victims to have an opportunity swiftly to pass this legislation. four girls and about one in five boys is Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- sexually abused. to come forward and seek redress. sent that a letter of support the bill be It has been estimated that 90 percent I want to thank Senator CORNYN again for working so closely with me printed in the RECORD. of child victims never go to the au- There being no objection, the mate- thorities concerning their abuse. on this issue. rial was ordered to be printed in the For many of these children, coming I also want to acknowledge the sup- RECORD, as follows: to grips with the trauma is extraor- port for this bill from the National dinarily difficult. Center for Missing and Exploited Chil- NORTHEAST HISTORIC FILM, Bucksport, ME, April 20, 2016. Several research studies have de- dren, the National Center for Victims Hon. PATRICK J. LEAHY, scribed in painstaking detail the long- of Crime, and the Survivors Network of U.S. Senate, term effects that affect the physical, those Abused by Priests. Washington, DC. emotional, cognitive, and social devel- f DEAR SENATOR LEAHY: Founded in 1986, opment of abuse victims and sex traf- Northeast Historic Film has built the largest ficking victims. SUBMITTED RESOLUTIONS existing collection of moving images docu- Those who are victimized when they menting the history and heritage of northern are children typically do not come for- New England. And since the founding of the SENATE RESOLUTION 447—DESIG- National Film Preservation Foundation, the ward with their abuse—if at all—until many years later, after the victims NATING MAY 1, 2016, AS ‘‘NA- NFPF has been the largest and most impor- TIONAL PUREBRED DOG DAY’’ tant source of funds for preserving these reach adulthood. works. Simply put, the bill extends the civil Mr. TILLIS submitted the following The preserved films include A Vermont Ro- statute of limitations in two ways for resolution; which was referred to the mance (1916), the earliest feature film shot in minor victims of Federal sex crimes— Committee on the Judiciary: Vermont; film documentation of the 1927 because these victims often need more S. RES. 447 flood; textile mill owners and workers in time to realize the harm they have suf- Maine; the home movies of Charles Norman Whereas the human-canine bond predates Shay, a Penobscot Indian elder who is a fered and to seek redress. history and individuals have enjoyed the decorated veteran of the D-Day invasion; First, the bill extends the statute of companionship and assistance of dogs since Provincetown, Massachusetts, in 1915; a 4–H limitations until the age of 28—from the dawn of civilization; club in 1946; a tuberculosis sanitarium in age 21—for minor victims of particular Whereas dog ownership has existed in all 1934, and over two dozen other examples of offenses, such as sexual abuse and child cultures, races, climates, and economic situ- community life and activity in the region. pornography. ations; Communications with colleagues in ar- This brings the statute of limitations Whereas more than 350 dog breeds exist worldwide, and more than 180 breeds are rec- chives around the country inform us of the in line with a similar law that provides crucial significance of National Film Preser- ognized by the American Kennel Club; vation Foundation funding. Moving image a civil remedy for victims of sex traf- Whereas purebred dogs and breeders of repositories from coast to coast benefit from ficking. The two laws are sections 2255 purebred dogs have played a crucial role in NFPF grants. The dedicated staff, which effi- and 1595 of Title 18. United States history, dating to colonial ciently shepherds NFPF financial resources, This provision was recently included, times, during which George Washington had has ensured that our nation’s heritage will at my request, in the Adam Walsh Re- a foxhound breeding program, which estab- continue to be available for study and enjoy- authorization Act of 2016, which the lished the American Foxhound breed; ment. Judiciary Committee approved unani- Whereas responsible breeders of purebred We are grateful to you and NFPF’s friends mously weeks ago. dogs dedicate their lives to improving the in Congress for help in the past—and for as- Second, for the laws that provide health and well-being of dogs and preserving sistance with the upcoming reauthorization. unique breeds of dogs; Our film heritage depends on it. civil remedies for sex abuse and sex Whereas purebred dogs were created to Sincerely, trafficking victims, the bill clarifies work alongside humans, and provide ines- DAVID WEISS and KARAN SHELDON, when the statute of limitations begins timable service as— Founders, Northeast Historic Film. to run. (1) search and rescue dogs;

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00061 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G28AP6.048 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2564 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 (2) service dogs; Whereas the purposes of National Teacher countability requirements under the Ele- (3) disease detection dogs; Appreciation Week, held from May 2, 2016, mentary and Secondary Education Act of (4) police dogs; through May 6, 2016, are to raise public 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6301 et seq.) in the same man- (5) conservation dogs; awareness of the unquantifiable contribu- ner as traditional public schools; (6) livestock guardians; tions of teachers and to promote greater re- Whereas public charter schools often set (7) therapy dogs; and spect and understanding for the teaching higher expectations for students, beyond the (8) companions and guardians of families, profession; and requirements of the Elementary and Sec- homes, and property; Whereas students, schools, communities, ondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6301 Whereas purebred dogs provide unparal- and a number of organizations representing et seq.), to ensure that the charter schools leled service to the disabled as guide and educators are hosting teacher appreciation are of high quality and truly accountable to events in recognition of National Teacher service dogs, and are the choice of leading the public; Appreciation Week: Now, therefore, be it service dog breeding programs because of the Whereas 43 States and the District of Co- heritable intelligence, and desirable and pre- Resolved, That the Senate— (1) thanks the teachers of the United lumbia have enacted laws authorizing public dictable qualities, of purebred dogs; charter schools; Whereas purebred military working dogs States; and Whereas, as of the 2015–2016 school year, serve alongside the men and women of the (2) promotes the profession of teaching by more than 6,800 public charter schools served United States Armed Forces in combat and encouraging students, parents, school admin- more than 2,900,000 children; in peacetime; istrators, and public officials to participate Whereas enrollment in public charter Whereas breed instinct enables purebred in teacher appreciation events during Na- dogs to readily serve as— tional Teacher Appreciation Week. schools grew from 400,000 students in 2001 to 2,900,000 students in 2016, a sixfold increase in (1) avalanche dogs; f (2) trackers and trailers; 15 years; (3) herders; SENATE RESOLUTION 449—CON- Whereas in the United States— (4) controllers of vermin; GRATULATING THE STUDENTS, (1) in 160 school districts, more than 10 per- (5) water rescuers; PARENTS, TEACHERS, AND cent of public school students are enrolled in (6) carting and sled dogs; LEADERS OF CHARTER SCHOOLS public charter schools; and (7) retrievers; ACROSS THE UNITED STATES (2) in 14 school districts, at least 30 percent (8) protectors; FOR MAKING ONGOING CON- (9) hunters; and of public school students are enrolled in pub- TRIBUTIONS TO EDUCATION, AND (10) bird dogs; lic charter schools; Whereas the first ‘‘National Purebred Dog SUPPORTING THE IDEALS AND GOALS OF THE 17TH ANNUAL Whereas public charter schools improve Day’’ was established on May 1, 2015; the achievement of students enrolled in the Whereas millions of individuals, through NATIONAL CHARTER SCHOOLS charter schools and collaborate with tradi- social media and other avenues, recognize WEEK, TO BE HELD MAY 1 tional public schools to improve public edu- May 1 each year as ‘‘National Purebred Dog THROUGH MAY 7, 2016 cation for all students; Day’’ and desire, on May 1, to expressly rec- Whereas public charter schools— ognize the contributions of the purebred dog; Mr. ALEXANDER (for himself, Mr. and BENNET, Mr. TOOMEY, Mr. GRAHAM, Mr. (1) give parents the freedom to choose pub- Whereas individuals value all dogs, regard- CASSIDY, Mr. KIRK, Mr. VITTER, Mr. lic schools; less of the ancestry of the dogs, and espe- BURR, Mr. CRUZ, Mr. MCCONNELL, Mr. (2) routinely measure parental satisfaction cially cherish a purpose-bred dog and the TILLIS, Mr. BOOZMAN, Ms. AYOTTE, Mr. levels; and predictability of each respective breed of GARDNER, Mr. CORNYN, Mr. HATCH, Mr. purpose-bred dog: Now, therefore, be it MCCAIN, Mr. RUBIO, Mr. JOHNSON, Mr. (3) must prove the ongoing success of the Resolved, That the Senate— SCOTT, Mr. INHOFE, Mr. BOOKER, Mr. charter schools to parents, policymakers, (1) designates May 1, 2016, as ‘‘National CARPER, Mr. COONS, Mrs. FEINSTEIN, and the communities served by the charter Purebred Dog Day’’ in celebration of pure- Mr. ISAKSON, Mr. PERDUE, and Mr. schools or risk closure; bred dogs and the many service and com- Whereas a 2015 report from the Center for panion benefits purebred dogs have and con- WICKER) submitted the following reso- lution; which was considered and Research on Education Outcomes at Stan- tinue to provide to the United States; and ford University found significant improve- (2) honors the dedicated and responsible agreed to: ments for students at urban charter schools, breeders who work to preserve and advance S. RES. 449 and compared to peers of traditional public their breeds and responsible dog ownership Whereas charter schools are public schools schools, each year those students completed throughout the United States. that do not charge tuition and enroll any the equivalent of 28 more days of learning in f student who wants to attend, often through reading and 40 more days of learning in a random lottery when the demand for en- SENATE RESOLUTION 448—RECOG- math; rollment is outmatched by the supply of Whereas parental demand for charter NIZING THE ROLES AND CON- available charter school seats; schools is high, and there was an estimated TRIBUTIONS OF THE TEACHERS Whereas high-performing public charter 9 percent growth in charter school enroll- OF THE UNITED STATES IN schools deliver a high-quality public edu- ment between fall 2014 and fall 2105; and BUILDING AND ENHANCING THE cation and challenge all students to reach Whereas the 17th annual National Charter CIVIC, CULTURAL, AND ECO- the students’ potential for academic success; Schools Week is scheduled to be celebrated NOMIC WELL-BEING OF THE Whereas public charter schools promote in- the week of May 1 through May 7, 2016: Now, UNITED STATES novation and excellence in public education; therefore, be it Whereas public charter schools throughout Resolved, That the Senate— Ms. COLLINS (for herself, Mr. the United States provide millions of fami- (1) congratulates the students, families, BROWN, Mr. KIRK, Mr. COTTON, Mr. lies with diverse and innovative educational teachers, leaders, and staff of public charter BLUNT, Mrs. CAPITO, Mr. MORAN, Mr. options for children of the families; Whereas high-performing public charter schools across the United States for— COCHRAN, Mr. DAINES, Ms. AYOTTE, Mr. (A) making ongoing contributions to pub- COONS, Mr. BOOKER, Mr. SCHUMER, Mrs. schools and charter management organiza- tions are increasing student achievement lic education; FEINSTEIN, Mr. WYDEN, Mr. CARPER, and attendance rates at institutions of high- (B) making impressive strides in closing Mrs. SHAHEEN, Mrs. MURRAY, Ms. WAR- er education; the academic achievement gap in schools in REN, Mr. DONNELLY, Ms. HIRONO, Mr. Whereas public charter schools are author- the United States, particularly in schools MENENDEZ, Ms. MIKULSKI, Mr. DURBIN, ized by a designated entity and— with some of the most disadvantaged stu- and Mr. HATCH) submitted the fol- (1) respond to the needs of communities, dents in both rural and urban communities; lowing resolution; which was consid- families, and students in the United States; and (C) improving and strengthening the public ered and agreed to: and (2) promote the principles of quality, ac- school system throughout the United States; S. RES. 448 countability, choice, high-performance, and (2) supports the ideals and goals of the 17th Whereas education and knowledge form the innovation; annual National Charter Schools Week, a foundation of the current and future Whereas, in exchange for flexibility and week-long celebration to be held May 1 strength of the United States; autonomy, public charter schools are held through May 7, 2016, in communities Whereas teachers and other education staff accountable by the authorizers of the char- throughout the United States; and have earned and deserve the respect of their ter schools for improving student achieve- (3) encourages the people of the United students and communities for the selfless ment and for sound financial and operational States to hold appropriate programs, cere- dedication of the teachers and staff to com- management; monies, and activities during National Char- munity service and the futures of the chil- Whereas public charter schools are re- ter Schools Week to demonstrate support for dren of the United States; quired to meet the student achievement ac- public charter schools.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00062 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.044 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2565 SENATE RESOLUTION 450—HON- HIRONO) submitted the following reso- Whereas sexual violence is also a burden ORING MAY 1 THROUGH MAY 7, lution; which was considered and for many individuals who serve the United 2016, AS ‘‘NATIONAL SMALL BUSI- agreed to: States, and the Department of Defense esti- mates that approximately 19,000 members of NESS WEEK’’ AND CELEBRATING S. RES. 451 the United States Armed Forces experienced THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF SMALL Whereas National Travel and Tourism unwanted sexual contact in fiscal year 2014; BUSINESSES AND ENTRE- Week was established in 1983 through the en- Whereas children and young adults are at PRENEURS IN EVERY COMMU- actment of the Joint Resolution entitled significant risk of sexual assault, up to 44 NITY IN THE UNITED STATES ‘‘Joint Resolution to designate the week be- percent of sexual assault victims are under ginning May 27, 1984, as ‘National Tourism 18 years of age, and up to 80 percent of sexual Mr. VITTER (for himself, Mrs. SHA- Week’ ’’, approved November 29, 1983 (Public assault victims are under 30 years of age; HEEN, Ms. AYOTTE, Mr. PETERS, Mr. Law 98–178; 97 Stat. 1126), which recognized Whereas sexual assault affects women, RISCH, Ms. HEITKAMP, Mr. SCOTT, Mr. the value of travel and tourism; men, and children of all racial, social, reli- MARKEY, Mrs. FISCHER, Ms. CANTWELL, Whereas National Travel and Tourism gious, age, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups Mrs. ERNST, Mr. BOOKER, Mr. GARDNER, Week is celebrated across the United States in the United States; Mr. CARDIN, Mr. ENZI, Ms. HIRONO, and from May 1 through May 7, 2016; Whereas sexual violence may take many Mr. RUBIO) submitted the following res- Whereas more than 400 travel destinations forms, including acquaintance, stranger, olution; which was considered and throughout the United States are holding spousal, and gang rape, incest, child sexual events in honor of National Travel and Tour- abuse, commercial sex trafficking, sexual agreed to: ism Week; harassment, and stalking; S. RES. 450 Whereas 1 out of every 9 jobs in the United Whereas in addition to the immediate Whereas ‘‘National Small Business Week’’ States depends on travel and tourism and physical and emotional costs of sexual as- has been declared by every President since the travel and tourism industry supports sault, sexual assault has numerous adverse 1963; 15,100,000 jobs in the United States; consequences, which can include post-trau- Whereas there are more than 28,000,000 Whereas the travel and tourism industry matic stress disorder, substance abuse, small businesses in the United States; employs individuals in all 50 States, the Dis- major depression, homelessness, eating dis- Whereas nearly 90 percent of United States trict of Columbia, and all the territories of orders, and suicide, according to the Na- employers have fewer than 20 employees; the United States; tional Alliance to End Sexual Violence; Whereas small businesses in the United Whereas international travel to the United Whereas many sexual assaults are not re- States— States— ported to law enforcement agencies, which (1) represent 99.7 percent of all businesses (1) is the single largest export industry in enables many rapists to evade punishment with employees; the United States; and for their crimes; (2) employ over 48 percent of employees in (2) generates a trade surplus balance of ap- Whereas as many as 2⁄3 of sexual crimes are the private sector; proximately $61,000,000,000; committed by individuals who are not (3) constitute 98 percent of businesses that Whereas the travel and tourism industry, strangers to the victims; export goods; and Congress, and the President have worked to Whereas sexual assault survivors suffer (4) account for more than 46 percent of pri- streamline the visa process and make the emotional scars long after the physical scars vate sector output; United States welcoming to visitors from of the survivors have healed; Whereas, on July 30, 1953, Congress estab- other countries; Whereas advances in DNA technology have lished the Small Business Administration to Whereas travel and tourism provide sig- enabled law enforcement agencies to poten- aid, counsel, assist, and protect the interests nificant economic benefits to the United tially identify and prosecute the perpetra- of small businesses— States by generating nearly $2,100,000,000,000 tors in tens of thousands of unsolved rape (1) to preserve free and competitive enter- in annual economic output; cases; prise; Whereas leisure travel allows individuals Whereas prosecution can lead to the incar- (2) to ensure that a fair proportion of the to experience the rich cultural heritage and ceration of rapists and prevent those individ- total sales of Government property are made educational opportunities of the United uals from committing additional crimes; to small businesses; and States and its communities; and Whereas national, State, territorial, and (3) to maintain and strengthen the overall Whereas the immense value of travel and tribal coalitions, community-based rape cri- economy of the United States; tourism cannot be overstated: Now, there- sis centers, and other organizations across Whereas 63 percent of new jobs are created fore, be it the United States are committed to— by small businesses; and Resolved, That the Senate— (1) increasing public awareness of sexual Whereas May 1 through May 7, 2016, will be (1) supports the goals and ideals of Na- violence and the prevalence of sexual vio- celebrated as ‘‘National Small Business tional Travel and Tourism Week; lence; and Week’’: Now, therefore, be it (2) commends the travel and tourism in- (2) eliminating sexual violence through Resolved, That the Senate— dustry for its important contributions to the prevention and education; (1) honors May 1 through May 7, 2016, as United States; and Whereas important partnerships have been ‘‘National Small Business Week’’; (3) commends the employees of the travel formed among criminal and juvenile justice (2) celebrates the contributions of small and tourism industry for their important agencies, health professionals, public health businesses and entrepreneurs in every com- contributions to the United States. workers, educators, first responders, and vic- munity in the United States during National tim service providers; Small Business Week; f Whereas thousands of volunteers and staff (3) recognizes the importance of— SENATE RESOLUTION 452—RECOG- at rape crisis centers, State coalitions (A) creating policies that promote an envi- NIZING AND SUPPORTING THE against sexual assault, and nonprofit organi- ronment in which small businesses may suc- zations across the United States play an im- ceed; and GOALS AND IDEALS OF NA- portant role in making crisis hotlines and (B) the Small Business Administration as a TIONAL SEXUAL ASSAULT other services available to survivors of sex- valuable resource for entrepreneurs in the AWARENESS AND PREVENTION ual assault; United States; and MONTH Whereas free, confidential help is available (4) supports efforts— Mr. GRASSLEY (for himself, Mr. to all victims and survivors of sexual assault (A) to encourage consumers to use small through— LEAHY, Ms. AYOTTE, Mr. CASEY, Mrs. businesses; and (1) the National Sexual Assault Hotline (B) to increase awareness of the value of ERNST, Mrs. GILLIBRAND, and Mr. HELL- (800-656-HOPE and online.rainn.org); and small businesses and the impact of small ER) submitted the following resolution; (2) more than 1,000 sexual assault service businesses on the economy of the United which was considered and agreed to: providers across the United States; States. S. RES. 452 Whereas the DoD Safe Helpline, Safe HelpRoom, and Safe Helpline mobile app Whereas on average, an individual is sexu- f each provide support and help to members of ally assaulted in the United States every 2 the Department of Defense community— SENATE RESOLUTION 451—SUP- minutes, according to the Rape, Abuse and PORTING THE GOALS AND (1) by telephone at 877-995-5247; and Incest National Network; (2) online at SafeHelpline.org; IDEALS OF NATIONAL TRAVEL Whereas nearly 80,000 rapes were reported Whereas individual and collective efforts AND TOURISM WEEK AND HON- to law enforcement in 2013, according to the reflect the dream of the people of the United ORING THE VALUABLE CON- Department of Justice; States— TRIBUTIONS OF TRAVEL AND Whereas according to the Centers for Dis- (1) for individuals and organizations to ac- TOURISM TO THE UNITED ease Control and Prevention, nearly 1 in 5 tively work to prevent all forms of sexual vi- STATES women (or 18.3 percent) and 1 in 71 men (or olence; and 1.4 percent) surveyed in the United States in (2) for no sexual assault victim to be Ms. KLOBUCHAR (for herself, Mr. 2010 experienced a rape or attempted rape at unserved or feel that there is no path to jus- BLUNT, Mr. SCHATZ, Mr. KIRK, and Ms. some time in their lives; tice; and

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00063 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.051 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2566 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 Whereas April 2016 is recognized as ‘‘Na- Whereas the importance of literacy and (C) provide opportunities for children of all tional Sexual Assault Awareness and Preven- education is most often communicated to backgrounds to learn about each other’s cul- tion Month’’: Now, therefore, be it children through family members; tures and share ideas; Resolved, That— Whereas the latest data from the National (D) include all family members, especially (1) it is the sense of the Senate that— Assessment of Educational Progress (re- extended and elderly family members, so as (A) National Sexual Assault Awareness and ferred to in this preamble as ‘‘NAEP’’) indi- to promote greater communication among Prevention Month provides a special oppor- cates that Latino students continue to score the generations within families, which will tunity to educate the people of the United lower than the national average on reading enable children to appreciate and benefit States about sexual violence and to encour- assessments conducted at the elementary from the experiences and wisdom of elderly age the prevention of sexual assault, im- school, middle school, and high school lev- family members; provement in the treatment of survivors of els—an achievement gap that has persisted (E) provide opportunities for families with- sexual assault, and the prosecution of per- for decades; in a community to build relationships; and petrators of sexual assault; Whereas the most recent data by NAEP (F) provide children with the support they (B) it is appropriate to properly acknowl- demonstrates that 81 percent of Latino need to develop skills and confidence and to edge survivors of sexual assault and to com- fourth graders in public schools are not pro- find the inner strength, will, and fire of the mend the volunteers and professionals who ficient in reading; human spirit to make their dreams come assist those survivors in their efforts to heal; Whereas Latino authors and Latino pro- true. (C) national and community organizations tagonists remain underrepresented in lit- f and private sector supporters should be rec- erature for children, and less than 3 percent ognized and applauded for their work in pro- of books for children are written by Latino SENATE RESOLUTION 454—RECOG- moting awareness about sexual assault, pro- authors, illustrated by Latino book creators, NIZING THE TRANSPORTATION viding information and treatment to sur- or feature significant Latino cultural con- COMMUNITY AWARENESS AND vivors of sexual assault, and increasing the 1 tent, even though ⁄4 of all public school chil- EMERGENCY RESPONSE PRO- number of successful prosecutions of per- dren are Latino; petrators of sexual assault; and GRAM ON ITS 30TH ANNIVER- Whereas research has shown that cul- SARY (D) public safety, law enforcement, and turally relevant literature can increase stu- health professionals should be recognized dent engagement and reading comprehen- Mrs. CAPITO submitted the fol- and applauded for their hard work and inno- sion, yet some Latino students may go their lowing resolution; which was consid- vative strategies to ensure perpetrators of entire educational experience without seeing ered and agreed to: sexual assault are held accountable; and themselves portrayed positively in the books S. RES. 454 (2) the Senate supports the goals and ideals that they read and the stories that they of National Sexual Assault Awareness and hear; Whereas the Transportation Community Prevention Month. Whereas increasing the number and pro- Awareness and Emergency Response pro- f portion of multicultural authors in lit- gram (referred to in this preamble as erature for children elevates the voices of ‘‘TRANSCAER’’) is a voluntary national out- SENATE RESOLUTION 453—DESIG- the growing diverse communities in the reach effort that focuses on assisting com- NATING APRIL 30, 2016, AS ‘‘DIA United States and can serve as an effective munities to prepare for and respond to a pos- DE LOS NINOS: CELEBRATING strategy for closing the reading proficiency sible hazardous material transportation inci- YOUNG AMERICANS’’ achievement gap; dent; Whereas addressing the widening dispari- Whereas TRANSCAER was founded in 1986; Mr. MENENDEZ (for himself, Mr. Whereas TRANSCAER members consist ties that still exist among children is of of— BENNET, Mr. CRAPO, Mrs. FEINSTEIN, paramount importance to the economic pros- (1) volunteer representatives from the Mrs. MURRAY, Mr. NELSON, Mr. REED, perity of the United States; chemical manufacturing, transportation, Mr. REID, Mr. SCHUMER, Mrs. BOXER, Whereas the designation of a day to honor distribution, and emergency response indus- and Mr. HATCH) submitted the fol- the children of the United States will help tries; affirm the significance of family, education, lowing resolution; which was consid- (2) volunteer representatives from industry and community among the people of the ered and agreed to: associations; United States; S. RES. 453 (3) volunteer personnel of those industries Whereas the designation of a day of special and industry associations; and Whereas each year, people in many coun- recognition for the children of the United (4) government representatives; tries throughout the world, and especially in States will provide an opportunity for chil- ´ Whereas TRANSCAER offers hundreds of the Western Hemisphere, celebrate Dıa de los dren to reflect on their futures, articulate Nin˜ os, or Day of the Children, on April 30th training events each year; their aspirations, and find comfort and secu- Whereas TRANSCAER offered training to in recognition and celebration of the future rity in the support of their family members of their country—their children; tens of thousands of responders between 1986 and communities; and 2016; Whereas children represent the hopes and Whereas families should be encouraged to dreams of the people of the United States, Whereas TRANSCAER is a unified industry engage in family and community activities and the well-being of children remains one of initiative that promotes the safe transpor- that include extended and elderly family the top priorities of the United States; tation and handling of hazardous materials; members and encourage children to explore Whereas the people of the United States Whereas TRANSCAER aids community and develop confidence; must nurture and invest in children to pre- emergency response planning for hazardous Whereas the National Latino Children’s In- serve and enhance economic prosperity, de- material transportation incidents; stitute, serving as a voice for children, has mocracy, and the spirit of the United States; Whereas TRANSCAER builds strong rela- worked with cities throughout the United Whereas in 2014, the Census Bureau esti- tionships and trust with communities lo- States to declare April 30, 2016, as Dı´a de los mated that approximately 17,900,000 of the cated along transportation routes, and those Nin˜ os: Celebrating Young Americans, a day nearly 55,400,000 individuals of Hispanic de- relationships and trust could help to ensure to bring together Latinos and communities scent living in the United States are children that an incident is handled safely, appro- across the United States to celebrate and up- under 18 years of age, representing 1⁄3 of the priately, and efficiently; and total Hispanic population residing in the lift children; and Whereas TRANSCAER demonstrates the Whereas the people of the United States United States and roughly 1⁄4 of the total continuing commitment of chemical manu- population of children in the United States; should be encouraged to celebrate the gifts facturers and transporters to the safe trans- Whereas Hispanic Americans, the youngest of children to society and invest in future portation of hazardous materials: Now, and largest racial or ethnic minority group generations: Now, therefore, be it therefore, be it in the United States, celebrate the tradition Resolved, That the Senate— Resolved, That the Senate recognizes the of honoring their children on Dı´a de los (1) designates April 30, 2016, as ‘‘Dı´a de los Transportation Community Awareness and Nin˜ os and wish to share this custom with all Nin˜ os: Celebrating Young Americans’’; and Emergency Response program (commonly re- people of the United States; (2) calls on the people of the United States ferred to as ‘‘TRANSCAER’’) on its 30th an- Whereas as the United States becomes to join with all children, families, organiza- niversary. more culturally and ethnically diverse, the tions, communities, churches, cities, and f people of the United States must strive to States across the United States to observe create opportunities that provide dignity the day with appropriate ceremonies, includ- SENATE RESOLUTION 455—RECOG- and upward mobility for all children; ing activities that— NIZING THE CULTURAL AND HIS- Whereas the primary teachers of family (A) center around children and are free or TORIC SIGNIFICANCE OF THE values, morality, and culture are parents and minimal in cost so as to encourage and fa- CINCO DE MAYO HOLIDAY family members, and children are respon- cilitate the participation of all people; sible for passing on family values, morality, (B) are positive, uplifting, and help chil- Mr. BENNET (for himself, Mr. COR- and culture to future generations; dren express their hopes and dreams; NYN, Mr. REID, Mr. MENENDEZ, Mrs.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00064 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.052 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2567 MURRAY, Mr. DURBIN, Mr. SCHUMER, SA 3885. Mr. McCONNELL (for Mr. MENEN- ticipants in the offense, as determined under Mr. UDALL, Mr. HEINRICH, Mr. BOOKER, DEZ) proposed an amendment to the bill S. the sentencing guidelines; Mr. GARDNER, Mr. CRUZ, and Mr. 1875, to support enhanced accountability for On page 150, line 20, insert ‘‘, unless the de- United States assistance to Afghanistan, and fendant was a minor or minimal participant, FRANKEN) submitted the following res- olution; which was considered and for other purposes. as determined under the sentencing guide- SA 3886. Mr. McCONNELL (for Mr. CORKER) lines’’ before the semicolon. agreed to: proposed an amendment to the bill S. 1635, to On page 151, between lines 8 and 9, insert S. RES. 455 authorize the Department of State for fiscal the following: Whereas May 5, or ‘‘Cinco de Mayo’’ in year 2016, and for other purposes. ‘‘Information disclosed by a defendant under Spanish, is celebrated each year as a date of f this subsection may not be used to enhance importance by Mexican and Mexican-Amer- the sentence of the defendant unless the in- ican communities; TEXT OF AMENDMENTS formation relates to a violent offense. Whereas the Cinco de Mayo holiday com- SA 3884. Mr. GRASSLEY (for him- On page 152, strike lines 10 through 20 and memorates May 5, 1862, the date on which self, Mr. DURBIN, Mr. CORNYN, Mr. insert the following: ‘‘United States Code, is Mexicans defeated the French at the Battle WHITEHOUSE, Mr. LEE, Mr. SCHUMER, amended, in the matter preceding clause (i), of Puebla, 1 of the many battles that the by striking ‘second or subsequent conviction Mr. GRAHAM, Mr. LEAHY, Mr. BOOKER, Mexican people won in their long and brave under this subsection’ and inserting ‘viola- fight for independence, freedom, and democ- Mr. COCHRAN, Mr. BENNET, Mr. KIRK, tion of this subsection that occurs after a racy; Mr. MANCHIN, Mr. SULLIVAN, Mr. prior conviction under this subsection has Whereas the victory of Mexico over France DAINES, Ms. MIKULSKI, and Mr. NELSON) become final’.’’. at the Battle of Puebla represented a his- submitted an amendment intended to On page 153, line 8, insert ‘‘a term of im- toric triumph for the Mexican government be proposed by him to the bill S. 2123, prisonment may be reduced only if the in- during the Franco-Mexican war of 1861–1867 to reform sentencing laws and correc- stant violation was for a drug trafficking of- and bolstered the resistance movement; fense that did not involve a violation of Whereas the success of Mexico at the Bat- tional institutions, and for other pur- poses; which was ordered to lie on the clause (ii) or (iii) of section 924(c)(1)(A) of tle of Puebla reinvigorated the spirits of the title 18, United States Code, the defendant Mexican people and provided a renewed sense table; as follows: has not otherwise been convicted of any seri- of unity and strength; On page 143, line 12, insert ‘‘and for which ous violent felony, and’’ after ‘‘offense,’’. Whereas the French army, which had not the offender’s release from any term of im- On page 153, line 9, strike ‘‘may’’. experienced defeat against any of the finest prisonment was within 15 years of the com- On page 153, beginning on line 12, strike ‘‘, troops of Europe in more than half a cen- mencement of the instant offense’’ before reduce the term of imprisonment for the of- tury, sustained a disastrous loss at the hands the period. fense’’. of an outnumbered and ill-equipped, but On page 146, line 11, insert ‘‘a term of im- On page 153, line 18, strike ‘‘if such’’ and highly spirited and courageous, Mexican prisonment may be reduced only if the de- insert ‘‘finds’’. army; fendant has not been convicted of any seri- On page 154, line 4, insert ‘‘, including a re- Whereas the courageous spirit that Mexi- ous violent felony and’’ after ‘‘offense,’’. view of any prior criminal conduct or any can General Ignacio Zaragoza and his men On page 146, line 12, strike ‘‘may’’. other relevant information from Federal, displayed during that historic battle can On page 146, beginning on line 15, strike ‘‘, State, and local authorities’’ after ‘‘section’’. never be forgotten; reduce the term of imprisonment for the of- Beginning on page 154, strike line 5 and all Whereas in a larger sense, Cinco de Mayo fense’’. that follows through page 155, line 23. symbolizes the right of a free people to self- On page 146, line 21, strike ‘‘if such’’ and On page 156, line 1, strike ‘‘106’’ and insert determination, just as Benito Juarez, the insert ‘‘finds’’. ‘‘105’’. president of Mexico during the Battle of On page 147, line 7, insert ‘‘, including a re- On page 157, line 1, strike ‘‘107’’ and insert Puebla, once said, ‘‘El respeto al derecho view of any prior criminal conduct or any ‘‘106’’. ajeno es la paz’’, meaning ‘‘respect for the other relevant information from Federal, On page 158, line 1, strike ‘‘108’’ and insert rights of others is peace’’; State, and local authorities’’ after ‘‘section’’. ‘‘107’’. Whereas the sacrifice of Mexican fighters On page 147, strike lines 11 through 20, and On page 162, line 3, strike ‘‘109’’ and insert was instrumental in keeping Mexico from insert the following: ‘‘108’’. falling under European domination while, in (1) in subsection (f)— On page 162, line 25, insert ‘‘and organized the United States, the Union Army battled (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)— by Federal district where applicable’’ after Confederate forces in the Civil War; (i) by striking ‘‘or section 1010’’ and insert- ‘‘paragraph (1)’’. Whereas Cinco de Mayo serves as a re- ing ‘‘, section 1010’’; and On page 163, line 5, insert ‘‘, including re- minder— (1) that the foundation of the United (ii) by inserting ‘‘, or section 70503 or 70506 ferrals from investigative agencies of the De- States was built by individuals from many of title 46’’ after ‘‘963)’’; partment of Justice,’’ after ‘‘prosecution’’. countries and diverse cultures who were will- (B) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting On page 166, between lines 12 and 13, insert ing to fight and die for freedom; and the following: the following: (2) of the close ties between the people of ‘‘(1) the defendant does not have— SEC. 109. FENTANYL. Mexico and the people of the United States; ‘‘(A) more than 4 criminal history points, (a) CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES ACT AMEND- Whereas Cinco de Mayo encourages the excluding any criminal history points result- MENT.—Section 401(b) of the Controlled Sub- celebration of a legacy of strong leaders and ing from a 1-point offense, as determined stances Act (21 U.S.C. 841(b)) is amended by a sense of vibrancy in communities; and under the sentencing guidelines; adding at the end the following: Whereas Cinco de Mayo serves as a re- ‘‘(B) a prior 3-point offense, as determined ‘‘(8)(A) In the case of a violation of sub- minder to provide more opportunities for fu- under the sentencing guidelines; and section (a), if the mixture or substance con- ture generations: Now, therefore, be it ‘‘(C) a prior 2-point violent offense, as de- taining a detectable amount of heroin also Resolved, That the Senate— termined under the sentencing guidelines;’’; contains a detectable amount of N-phenyl-N- (1) recognizes the historic struggle of the and [ 1-(2-phenylethyl) -4-piperidinyl] people of Mexico for independence and free- (C) after paragraph (5), by inserting the fol- propanamide or any analogue of N-phenyl-N- dom, which Cinco de Mayo commemorates; lowing: [ 1-(2-phenylethyl) -4-piperidinyl] and ‘‘Information disclosed by a defendant under propanamide, then a court shall— (2) encourages the people of the United this subsection may not be used to enhance ‘‘(i) not impose a term of probation; and States to observe Cinco de Mayo with appro- the sentence of the defendant unless the in- ‘‘(ii) in addition to the term of punishment priate ceremonies and activities. formation relates to a violent offense.’’; and for the violation of this section, impose a f On page 148, strike lines 15 through 25 and term of imprisonment not to exceed 5 years. insert the following: ‘‘(B) A term of imprisonment imposed on a AMENDMENTS SUBMITTED AND ‘‘(h) DEFINITION OF VIOLENT OFFENSE.—As person under subparagraph (A)(ii) may not PROPOSED used in this section, the term ‘violent of- run concurrently with any term of imprison- SA 3884. Mr. GRASSLEY (for himself, Mr. fense’ means a ‘crime of violence’, as defined ment imposed on the person under any other DURBIN, Mr. CORNYN, Mr. WHITEHOUSE, Mr. in section 16, that is punishable by imprison- provision of law. LEE, Mr. SCHUMER, Mr. GRAHAM, Mr. LEAHY, ment.’’. ‘‘(9)(A) In the case of a violation of sub- Mr. BOOKER, Mr. COCHRAN, Mr. BENNET, Mr. On page 149, line 13, strike ‘‘or section’’ and section (a), if the mixture or substance con- KIRK, Mr. MANCHIN, Mr. SULLIVAN, Mr. insert ‘‘, section’’. taining a detectable amount of N-phenyl-N-[ DAINES, Ms. MIKULSKI, and Mr. NELSON) sub- On page 149, line 14, insert ‘‘, or section 1-(2-phenylethyl) -4-piperidinyl] propanamide mitted an amendment intended to be pro- 70503 or 70506 of title 46,’’ after ‘‘963)’’. or any analogue of N-phenyl-N-[ 1-(2- posed by him to the bill S. 2123, to reform On page 150, strike lines 7 through 14 and phenylethyl) -4-piperidinyl] propanamide sentencing laws and correctional institu- insert the following: was represented to be or sold as heroin, then tions, and for other purposes; which was or- ‘‘(3) the defendant was not an organizer, a court shall— dered to lie on the table. leader, manager, or supervisor of other par- ‘‘(i) not impose a term of probation; and

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00065 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.054 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2568 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 ‘‘(ii) in addition to the term of punishment (III) promote crime reduction programs Officer Abdullah Abdullah have led a Na- for the violation of this section, impose a using evidence-based practices and strategic tional Unity Government that has identified term of imprisonment not to exceed 5 years. planning to help reduce crime and criminal key security and development challenges in ‘‘(B) A term of imprisonment imposed on a recidivism. order to make Afghanistan a full and produc- person under subparagraph (A)(ii) may not On page 226, line 17, insert ‘‘and the Sec- tive member of the community of demo- run concurrently with any term of imprison- retary of Labor’’ after ‘‘Affairs’’. cratic nations. ment imposed on the person under any other On page 227, line 3, insert ‘‘and the Sec- (5) The National Unity Government has re- provision of law.’’. retary of Labor’’ after ‘‘Affairs’’. newed specific focus on addressing corrup- (b) CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES IMPORT AND On page 227, line 8, insert ‘‘and the Sec- tion within the country as a driver of insta- EXPORT ACT AMENDMENT.—Section 1010(b) of retary of Labor’’ after ‘‘Affairs’’. bility, including reopening a fraud case in- the Controlled Substances Import and Ex- On page 227, line 12, insert ‘‘AND DOL’’ after volving high level officials and the Kabul port Act (21 U.S.C. 960(b)) is amended by add- ‘‘VA’’. ing at the end the following: On page 227, line 13, insert ‘‘and the De- Bank that resulted in the disappearance of ‘‘(8)(A) In the case of a violation of sub- partment of Labor’’ after ‘‘Affairs’’. an estimated $1,000,000,000. section (a), if the mixture or substance con- (6) In its report ‘‘Realizing Self Reliance: taining a detectable amount of heroin also SA 3885. Mr. MCCONNELL (for Mr. Commitments to Reform and Renewed Part- contains a detectable amount of N-phenyl-N- MENENDEZ) proposed an amendment to nership’’, the Government of Afghanistan [ 1-(2-phenylethyl) -4-piperidinyl] the bill S. 1875, to support enhanced ac- committed to the international community in London in December 2014, to address the propanamide or any analogue of N-phenyl-N- countability for United States assist- [ 1-(2-phenylethyl) -4-piperidinyl] ‘‘main drivers of corruption in Afghanistan,’’ propanamide, then a court shall— ance to Afghanistan, and for other pur- including ‘‘collusive procurement practices, ‘‘(i) not impose a term of probation; and poses; as follows: weak rule of law and abuse of the legal sys- ‘‘(ii) in addition to the term of punishment Strike all after the enacting clause and in- tem, and arbitrary regulations that build in for the violation of this section, impose a sert the following: incentives to pay bribes’’. Government of Af- term of imprisonment not to exceed 5 years. SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. ghanistan commitments included— ‘‘(B) A term of imprisonment imposed on a This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Afghanistan (A) forming an independent anti-corrup- person under subparagraph (A)(ii) may not Accountability Act of 2015’’. tion commission with time-bound prosecu- run concurrently with any term of imprison- SEC. 2. DEFINED TERM. torial powers; ment imposed on the person under any other In this Act, the term ‘‘appropriate congres- (B) implementing recommendations by the provision of law. sional committees’’ means— Monitoring and Evaluation Committee on a ‘‘(9)(A) In the case of a violation of sub- (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of national action plan to reduce corruption; section (a), if the mixture or substance con- the Senate; (C) requiring all government officials to taining a detectable amount of N-phenyl-N-[ (2) the Committee on Appropriations of the provide public declarations of their assets; 1-(2-phenylethyl) -4-piperidinyl] propanamide Senate; (D) meeting all Financial Action Task or any analogue of N-phenyl-N-[ 1-(2- Force (FATF) requirements to further limit phenylethyl) -4-piperidinyl] propanamide (3) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate; and investigate illicit fund flows; was represented to be or sold as heroin, then (E) forming a national procurement board a court shall— (4) the Select Committee on Intelligence of staffed by qualified professionals who will ‘‘(i) not impose a term of probation; and the Senate; manage all large value contracts using inter- ‘‘(ii) in addition to the term of punishment (5) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the nationally recognized standards and proce- for the violation of this section, impose a House of Representatives; dures; and term of imprisonment not to exceed 5 years. (6) the Committee on Appropriations of the ‘‘(B) A term of imprisonment imposed on a House of Representatives; (F) delineating the roles, responsibilities, person under subparagraph (A)(ii) may not (7) the Committee on Armed Services of and jurisdiction of anti-corruption institu- run concurrently with any term of imprison- the House of Representatives; and tions such as the High Office of Oversight ment imposed on the person under any other (8) the Permanent Select Committee on In- and Anti-Corruption (HOO) and the Attorney provision of law.’’. telligence of the House of Representatives. General to restrict them to focus on their On page 170, beginning on line 1, strike TITLE I—EFFECTIVE AFGHANISTAN core function of enforcement instead of over- ‘‘Private entities that will, on a volunteer ASSISTANCE AND ACCOUNTABILITY sight. (7) The December 2014 Government of Af- basis’’ and insert ‘‘Nonprofit or other private SEC. 101. FINDINGS. ghanistan report ‘‘Realizing Self Reliance: organizations, including faith-based and Congress makes the following findings: Commitments to Reform and Renewed Part- community-based organizations, that will’’. (1) Following the terrorist attacks of Sep- nership’’, expressed a commitment to ‘‘en- On page 178, strike line 21 and all that fol- tember 11, 2001, the United States launched lows through page 179, line 10 and insert the Operation Enduring Freedom, and since then hancing productivity, growth and revenues’’ following: the United States Armed Forces and the Af- by— ‘‘(A) ELIGIBLE PRISONER.—The term ‘eligi- ghan National Security Forces have made (A) developing natural resources through ble prisoner’ means— countless sacrifices in defending Afghanistan public-private partnerships that bring in ‘‘(i) an individual who has been sentenced against the threat of terrorism and insur- rents, taxes, and profits; to a term of imprisonment pursuant to a gency and by extension the United States (B) removing obstacles to trade and transit conviction for a Federal criminal offense; or and the wider world. and ending smuggling that diverts revenue ‘‘(ii) an individual within the custody of (2) Since 2001, the United States has away from the treasury; the Bureau of Prisons, including an indi- worked with a broad coalition of nations (C) negotiating expanded market access in vidual in a Bureau of Prisons contracted fa- that has helped to dramatically improve nu- regional and global markets; cility.’’. merous development indicators within Af- (D) gradually formalizing the informal On page 191, line 21, strike ‘‘In’’ and insert ghanistan, including— economy and changing the compact between ‘‘Notwithstanding the 10 percent limit de- (A) a dramatic increase in the number of the state and citizens to one where citizens scribed in paragraph (1) and in’’. pay taxes for services they tangibly benefit On page 203, line 8, strike ‘‘title’’ and in- girls enrolled in primary education from an estimated 5,000 under the Taliban to 2,400,000 from; and sert ‘‘Act’’. (E) transferring government payments On page 203, line 9, strike ‘‘title’’ and in- girls as of 2010; electronically to eliminate losses in transit. sert ‘‘Act’’. (B) an increase in the percentage of indi- On page 203, line 24, strike ‘‘and’’. viduals above the poverty line from 25.4 per- (8) In 2012, international donors and the On page 204, line 5, strike the period and cent in 2002 to 35.8 percent in 2011; Government of Afghanistan agreed to the insert ‘‘; and’’. (C) an increase in the percentage of indi- Tokyo Mutual Accountability Framework On page 204, between lines 5 and 6, insert viduals who now have access to an improved (‘‘TMAF’’) which committed to provide the following: water source in rural areas from 22 percent $4,000,000,000 in economic assistance per year (iv) a description of how the reduced ex- in 2001 to 56 percent in 2012; from 2012-2015 and sustain assistance at or penditures on Federal corrections and the (D) a precipitous decline in maternal mor- near the same levels of the past decade budgetary savings resulting from this Act, tality from 1200/100,000 births in 1995 to 400/ through 2017, while the Government of Af- and the amendments made by this Act, are 100,000 births in 2013; and ghanistan committed to meet benchmarks currently being used and will be used to— (E) an expansion of women’s rights. related to democracy and governance, public (I) increase investment in law enforcement (3) Numerous research studies have shown finance and revenue generation, and eco- and crime prevention to combat gangs of na- that government corruption is a driver of nomic development. tional significance and high-level drug traf- conflict and particularly so in Afghanistan, (9) At the end of 2014, under the TMAF, the fickers through the High Intensity Drug where it has served as a powerful recruit- Government of Afghanistan had fallen short Trafficking Areas program and other task ment tool for the Taliban. in meeting benchmarks related to: revenue forces; (4) Since the first democratic transfer of collection, the enhancement of women’s (II) hire, train, and equip law enforcement power in the history of Afghanistan in 2014, rights, corruption and the illicit economy, officers and prosecutors; and President Ashraf Ghani and Chief Executive and the protection of human rights.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00066 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.056 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2569 (10) In the Joint Declaration following the tive in which government and civil society opment outcomes for the people of Afghani- London Conference on Afghanistan of De- collaborate to promote transparency, fight stan while maintaining the highest stand- cember 4, 2014, the international community corruption, and use technologies to strength- ards of accountability for United States tax- and the new Government of Afghanistan en government; payers; agreed to refresh the existing TMAF and as- (6) the United States should urge the Gov- (2) that all United States Government sociated commitments at the 2015 Senior Of- ernment of Afghanistan to build upon exist- agencies and entities working in Afghanistan ficials Meeting based on the reform program ing anti-money laundering and countering coordinate, plan, and regularly review plans and priorities as laid out by the Government terrorism financing legislation by developing in a coherent, well-informed process to de- of Afghanistan. effective regulations and institutions to im- velop United States policy and assistance (11) Afghanistan faces great difficulties in plement reforms; programming; making progress in countering illegal nar- (7) the United States should urge the Gov- (3) to support the development of effective cotics and remains the leading global illicit ernment of Afghanistan to broaden personal Government of Afghanistan oversight insti- opium poppy producer. asset disclosures to include members of the tutions and domestic watchdog civil society (12) The illegal narcotics trade results in covered officials’ immediate families or organizations; the transfer of illicit funds and encourages households and develop effective mecha- (4) subject to significant evident progress and also requires corrupt financial trans- nisms for verifying disclosed information; made in meeting TMAF accountability and actions, and, if minimized, could have bene- (8) in the event of future egregious cases of improved governance as it relates to devel- ficial impacts on trade and reduce overall corruption in Afghanistan, the President opment, to abide by resource commitments levels of corruption. should impose visa bans and asset freezes on made as part of the Tokyo Mutual Account- (13) The international community has en- those responsible, especially in instances ability Framework; dorsed Afghanistan’s longer-term develop- where United States assistance is stolen or (5) to provide incentivized assistance to Af- ment following the war and identified the misappropriated; ghanistan’s governing institutions based criticality of the ‘‘transformation decade’’ (9) the United States Government should upon verifiable and measurable development from 2015-2024 outlined by the Government of cooperate with the Government of Afghani- outcomes and on-budget assistance based Afghanistan and has acknowledged that the stan and with international donors to de- upon demonstrated capacity improvements Government of Afghanistan will seek contin- velop a series of strict accountability bench- that are mutually agreed to by the Govern- ued international assistance in order for it marks based on the refreshed Tokyo Mutual ment of Afghanistan and Government of the to become a stable, self-sustained partner in Accountability Framework and the Govern- United States; the community of democratic countries. ment of Afghanistan’s own ‘‘Realizing Self (6) to support the development of demo- (14) As development assistance from the Reliance’’ report commitments that will cratic governing institutions in Afghanistan, United States and broader international condition levels of assistance and the promote the development of a growing pri- community gradually diminishes in the com- amount of on-budget assistance on anti-cor- vate sector, and strengthen civil society in ing years, the accelerated development of ruption performance acceptable to donors; Afghanistan; the Afghan private sector and governing in- (10) the United States should support the (7) to recognize that Afghanistan’s sustain- stitutions becomes even more necessary to Afghan Parliament to refine and strengthen able development is grounded in growing the maintain the gains of the past decade and to the legal framework of anti-corruption and regional economy, and to support the efforts enhance our mutual goals of Afghan security anti-money laundering laws to address bene- of the Government and people of Afghanistan and stability. ficial ownership, countering bid-rigging and to build strong regional economic (15) While Afghan National Security Forces other contracting and procurement fraud, connectivity with the country’s neighbors; (ANSF) have taken over lead combat respon- criminal investigations of financial trans- (8) to support, where appropriate, proven sibilities, they continue to operate in close actions, complementary banks, personal programs that promote private sector job coordination with, and with significant re- asset or other financial declarations and dis- creation in Afghanistan; and sources from the international community, closures as required by law or regulation, ef- (9) that assistance programs in direct sup- under the Resolute Support Mission and in forts to meet FATF requirements, and other port of Afghan women and girls remain a pri- coordination with ongoing counter-terrorism areas to further inhibit the illicit flow of ority for the United States, including spe- operations. Development of civilian over- money; cific efforts to support women and girls edu- sight institutions for the security sector has (11) the commitment by the Government of cation, meaningful engagement in political lagged. Such oversight will be important for Afghanistan to strengthen its nascent pri- and reconciliation processes, training and re- ensuring that Afghan security forces are ac- vate sector should be supported and sus- cruitment of Afghan female police and secu- countable and do not abuse their powers. tained using the full array of tools of the rity forces, advancement of women’s legal SEC. 102. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON UNITED United States, including technical and legal rights, economic development, and efforts to STATES ASSISTANCE AND ACCOUNT- assistance; increase the overall health and well-being of ABILITY IN AFGHANISTAN. (12) United States assistance to the Afghan Afghan women and girls. It is the sense of Congress that— judicial system and other Afghan legal insti- SEC. 104. EFFECTIVE AFGHANISTAN ASSISTANCE (1) the National Unity Government of Af- tutions that enable and empower private sec- AND ACCOUNTABILITY. ghanistan has made a substantial commit- tor development by instilling greater inves- (a) STRATEGY TO COMBAT CORRUPTION IN ment to reform that should be supported but tor confidence should be prioritized to ensure AFGHANISTAN.— also subject to heightened scrutiny by the the protection of private property, the sanc- (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of State, in Afghan people and international donors tity of contracts, and effective dispute reso- consultation with the Secretary of Defense given past failures and persistent challenges lution mechanisms for businesses and inves- and the Government of Afghanistan, shall in the country; tors; develop a comprehensive interagency strat- (2) Afghanistan is at a critical inflection (13) the United States Government should egy for United States assistance that is sus- point, having gone through political and se- identify opportunities for the United States tainable and is not counter-productive to curity transitions as the international com- to introduce trade facilitation as part of the combating corruption in Afghanistan. munity draws down its military forces. The economic relationship between the 2 coun- (2) ELEMENTS.—The strategy developed international community should work close- tries; under paragraph (1) should include the fol- ly with the new government in supporting (14) the Governments of the United States lowing elements: development priorities for the rest of the and Afghanistan should work together to (A) Multi-year goals, objectives, and meas- transformation decade that translate into identify more Afghan products and raw ma- urable outcomes for targeted activities to producing concrete development results for terials to be included on the United States strengthen selected Afghan official institu- the Afghan people; Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) tions and nongovernmental organizations to (3) sustainable accountability and reform treatment list; prevent, investigate, deter, and prosecute of Afghan governing institutions will not (15) the American University of Afghani- corruption. come from the international community but stan is an emerging pillar in Afghanistan’s (B) An operational plan incorporating all from a commitment by the Government of education system and has provided a unique United States Government programming to Afghanistan and society reinforced by do- opportunity for higher education for Afghan implement the anti-corruption goals and ob- mestic watchdog groups and internal govern- youth, especially women; and jectives. ment accountability monitoring mecha- (16) the United States should encourage (C) A summary of United States efforts to nisms; the Government of Afghanistan to imple- coordinate with other international donors (4) the United States Government should ment with urgency electoral reforms in ac- to ensure that anti-corruption advice or pro- deepen its dialogue on anti-corruption ef- cordance with the ‘‘Agreement between the gramming provided to the Government of Af- forts with the Government of Afghanistan to Two Campaign Teams Regarding the Struc- ghanistan is not contradictory. develop effective oversight mechanisms to ture of the National Unity Government’’. (D) A focus on the development of govern- ensure large donor contracts do not con- SEC. 103. UNITED STATES ASSISTANCE POLICY mental and nongovernmental Afghan capac- tribute to corruption; FOR AFGHANISTAN. ity to ensure accountability and combat cor- (5) the United States should encourage Af- It is the policy of the United States— ruption. ghanistan’s participation in the Open Gov- (1) to conduct assistance programs that re- (E) An evaluation of Afghan civil society ernment Partnership, a multilateral initia- sult in highly effective, impact driven devel- anti-corruption capacities that includes

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00067 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.057 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2570 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 their ability to use technology to combat (G) supporting the further establishment of On page 31, line 1, insert ‘‘the Speaker, the corruption. civil society organizations to provide essen- majority leader, the minority leader,’’ after (b) AFGHANISTAN ANTI-CORRUPTION FUND.— tial ‘‘watchdog’’ oversight of the police and ‘‘(2)’’. Subject to the availability of funds, the armed forces; as well as efforts to strengthen Beginning on page 32, lines 24 and 25, strike President is authorized to provide technical and improve coordination among civil soci- ‘‘, as appropriate’’ and all that follows and financial assistance to official Govern- ety organizations, such as the Afghan Inde- through ‘‘the United States’’ on page 33, line ment of Afghanistan anti-corruption and pendent Human Rights Commission. 1, and insert ‘‘with other United States Gov- audit institutions and Afghan civil society SEC. 105. REPORTS. ernment agencies, including the intelligence watchdog groups in support of the anti-cor- community, and, as appropriate, the United ruption priorities identified by the Govern- (a) REPORTING ON CORRUPTION IN AFGHANI- STAN.—Not later than 1 year after the date of States’’. ment of Afghanistan and the United States Strike section 122. Government. Subject to careful consider- the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter through 2024, the Secretary of On page 47, lines 14 and 15, strike ‘‘and the ation by the United States Government of Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House the legitimacy, efficacy, and direct impact State shall submit to the appropriate con- gressional committees a report listing each of Representatives’’ and insert ‘‘, the Select and influence of such entities and individ- Committee on Intelligence of the Senate, the uals, offices, and organizations that are individual who the President determines, based on credible evidence— Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House funded under this subsection could include— of Representatives, and the Permanent Se- (1) the Supreme Audit Office; (1) is a Government of Afghanistan official, lect Committee on Intelligence of the House (2) the Attorney General; a senior associate, or close relative of such of Representatives’’. (3) the Ministry of Justice; an official, who is responsible for, or On page 90, line 24, insert ‘‘and to the Se- (4) Inspectors General within key min- complicit in, ordering, controlling, or other- lect Committee on Intelligence of the Senate istries; wise directing, acts of significant corruption, and the Permanent Select Committee on In- (5) the Independent Joint Anti-Corruption including the expropriation of private or telligence of the House of Representatives’’ Monitoring and Evaluation Committee public assets for personal gain, corruption after ‘‘congressional committees’’. (MEC); related to government contracts or the ex- On page 92, line 18, insert ‘‘and to the Se- (6) the major crimes task force, Technical traction of natural resources, bribery, or the lect Committee on Intelligence of the Senate Investigative Unit, and the Sensitive Inves- facilitation or transfer of the proceeds of and the Permanent Select Committee on In- tigative Unit; corruption to foreign jurisdictions; or telligence of the House of Representatives’’ (7) the High Office of Oversight and Anti- (2) has materially assisted, sponsored, or after ‘‘committees’’. Corruption; provided financial, material, or techno- On page 116, line 20, strike ‘‘Secretary of (8) the Anti-Corruption Tribunal; logical support for, or goods or services in State’’ and insert ‘‘Ambassador at Large for (9) the Financial Transactions and Reports support of, an activity described above. International Religious Freedom appointed Analysis Center of Afghanistan; (b) REPORT ON CIVILIAN-MILITARY ASSIST- under section 101(b) of the International Re- (10) the proposed procurement board; and ANCE EFFORTS IN AFGHANISTAN.— ligious Freedom Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. (11) civil society organizations engaged in (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after 6411(b))’’. oversight, anti-corruption advocacy, and the date of the enactment of this Act, the Beginning on page 117, line 14, strike ‘‘Sec- support of good governance. Comptroller General of the United States retary of State’’ and all that follows through (c) PROMOTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS, PRESS shall submit a report to the appropriate con- ‘‘in consultation with’’ on page 118, line 1, FREEDOM, AND SECURITY SECTOR ACCOUNT- gressional committees that describes civil- and insert the following: ‘‘Ambassador at ABILITY.— ian-military assistance efforts in Afghani- Large for International Religious Freedom (1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to the avail- stan. shall carry out paragraph (1)— ability of funds, the Secretary of State, in (2) ELEMENTS.—The report required under consultation with the Secretary of Defense, paragraph (1) shall include the following ele- (A) in coordination with the Director of is authorized to provide support for efforts of ments: the George P. Shultz National Foreign Af- the Government of Afghanistan to improve (A) A description of lessons learned from fairs Training Center and other Federal offi- oversight and accountability of the Afghan conducting development programming in Af- cials, as appropriate; and National Security Forces, including the Af- ghanistan to include recommendations on (B) in consultation with ghan National Police, and Afghan local po- how to improve coordination between United On page 160, line 16, insert ‘‘to the majority lice, and strengthen Afghan civil society and States development agencies and the United leader of the Senate, the minority leader of investigative journalists to provide watch- States Armed Forces. the Senate, the Speaker of the House of Rep- dog oversight of these institutions. Subject (B) An assessment of the ability of the resentatives, the majority leader of the to due consideration of the legitimacy, effi- United States Agency for International De- House of Representatives, and the minority cacy, and direct impact and influence of such velopment to advance development goals leader of the House of Representatives, and’’ entities and individuals, these efforts could within Afghanistan, operating alongside pro- after ‘‘the report’’. include— viders of United States military assistance. Strike sections 501 and 502 and insert: (A) supporting the ANSF to strengthen the (C) An assessment of whether funding SEC. 501. WORLDWIDE SECURITY PROTECTION. capacity, independence, and power of its in- under the Commander’s Emergency Response (a) IN GENERAL.—Funds made available in ternal Inspector General to collect and in- Program achieved the program’s counter- fiscal year 2016 for worldwide security pro- vestigate all credible reports of abuse by insurgency goals, including force protection, tection shall to the extent practiable, before armed forces; and whether this program had any long term any such funds may be allocated to any (B) supporting the Office of the Attorney development impact, including any negative other authorized purpose, be allocated for— General and the Ministries of Defense and In- unintended consequences. (1) immediate threat mitigation support in terior to be better capable to investigate accordance with subsection (b) at facilities and, if appropriate, criminally prosecute po- SA 3886. Mr. McCONNELL (for Mr. determined to be high threat, high risk pur- suant to section 531; lice, military, intelligence, and militia per- CORKER) proposed an amendment to the (2) immediate threat mitigation support in sonnel, regardless of rank, found responsible bill S. 1635, to authorize the Depart- for human rights abuses and war crimes; accordance with subsection (b) at other fa- (C) considering establishing a special inde- ment of State for fiscal year 2016, and cilities; and pendent mechanism to investigate govern- for other purposes; as follows: (3) locations with high vulnerabilities. ment officials and security force officers im- On page 16, strike lines 10 through 12 and (b) IMMEDIATE THREAT MITIGATION SUPPORT plicated in abuses; insert the following: ‘‘the majority leader of PRIORITIZATION.—In allocating funding for (D) supporting the Ministry of Interior to the Senate, the minority leader of the Sen- immediate mitigation support pursuant to establish a centralized register of all detain- ate, the Speaker of the House of Representa- this section, the Secretary shall prioritize ees held in police and National Directorate tives, the majority leader of the House of funding for— of Security custody, and ensure that it is ac- Representatives, the minority leader of the (1) the purchasing of additional security cessible to independent monitors and is up- House of Representatives, the Committee on equipment, including additional defensive dated regularly and in a transparent manner; Foreign Relations of the Senate, and the weaponry; (E) supporting implementation of the Ac- Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House (2) the paying of expenses of additional se- cess to Information Law and the 2009 Mass of Representatives that—’’. curity forces; and Media Law, particularly provisions of the On page 30, lines 9 and 10, strike ‘‘in the (3) any other purposes necessary to miti- latter that would disband the Media Viola- event of a comprehensive nuclear agreement gate immediate threats to United States per- tions Investigation Commission and replace with Iran’’. sonnel serving overseas. it with a Mass Media Commission; On page 30, lines 20 and 21, strike ‘‘entering SEC. 502. EMBASSY SECURITY, CONSTRUCTION (F) supporting the Attorney General’s Of- into a comprehensive nuclear agreement AND MAINTENANCE. fice to undertake prompt, impartial, and with Iran’’ and insert ‘‘the date of the enact- (a) IN GENERAL.—Funds made available in thorough investigations into all attacks on ment of this Act’’. fiscal year 2016 for Worldwide Security Up- journalists and media organizations and On page 30, line 23, insert ‘‘the majority grades within ‘‘embassy security, construc- bring prosecutions as appropriate; and leader, the minority leader,’’ after ‘‘(1)’’. tion and maintenance’’ shall to the extent

VerDate Sep 11 2014 07:16 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00068 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.057 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2571 practicable, before any funds may be allo- mittee on Finance be authorized to tions be in order; that any statements cated to any other authorized purpose, be al- meet during the session of the Senate related to the nominations be printed located in the prioritized order of— on April 28, 2016, at 2:15 p.m., in room in the RECORD; that the President be (1) immediate threat mitigation projects in accordance with subsection (b) at facilities SD–215 of the Dirksen Senate Office immediately notified of the Senate’s determined to be high threat, high risk pur- Building, to conduct a hearing entitled action, and the Senate then resume suant to section 531; ‘‘Mental Health in America: Where Are legislative session. (2) other security upgrades to facilities de- We Now?’’ The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without termined to be high threat, high risk pursu- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. ant to section 531; objection, it is so ordered. The nominations considered and con- (3) all other immediate threat mitigation projects in accordance with subsection (b); COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS firmed en bloc are as follows: and Mr. ISAKSON. Mr. President, I ask IN THE AIR FORCE (4) security upgrades to all other facilities unanimous consent that the Com- The following named officer for appoint- or new construction for facilities determined mittee on Foreign Relations be author- ment in the United States Air Force to the to be high threat, high risk pursuant to sec- ized to meet during the session of the grade indicated under title 10, U.S.C., section tion 531. 624: Senate on April 28, 2016, at 10 a.m. (b) IMMEDIATE THREAT MITIGATION To be brigadier general PROJECTS PRIORITIZATION.—In allocating The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without funding for immediate threat mitigation objection, it is so ordered. Col. Mark A. Baird IN THE ARMY projects pursuant to this section, the Sec- COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY retary shall prioritize funding for the con- Mr. ISAKSON. Mr. President, I ask The following Army National Guard of the struction of safeguards that provide imme- United States officer for appointment in the diate security benefits and any other pur- unanimous consent that the Com- Reserve of the Army to the grade indicated poses necessary to mitigate immediate mittee on the Judiciary be authorized under title 10, U.S.C., sections 12203 and threats to United States personnel serving to meet during the session of the Sen- 12211: overseas. ate on April 28, 2016, at 10 a.m., in room To be brigadier general (c) ADDITIONAL LIMITATION.—No funds au- SD–226 of the Dirksen Senate Office Col. Thomas F. Spencer thorized to be appropriated shall be obli- Building. gated for new embassy construction, other IN THE AIR FORCE The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without than for high threat, high risk facilities, un- The following Air National Guard of the less the Secretary certifies to the appro- objection, it is so ordered. United States officer for appointment in the priate congressional committees that— SELECT COMMITTEE ON INTELLIGENCE Reserve of the Air Force to the grade indi- (1) the Department has fully complied with Mr. ISAKSON. Mr. President, I ask cated under title 10, U.S.C., sections 12203 the requirements of subsection (a); and 12212: (2) high threat, high risk facilities are unanimous consent that the Select being secured to the best of the United Committee on Intelligence be author- To be major general States Government’s ability; and ized to meet during the session of the Brig. Gen. Gregory S. Champagne (3) the Secretary will make funds available Senate on April 28, 2016, at 2 p.m., in The following named officer for appoint- from the Embassy Security, Construction room SH–219 of the Hart Senate Office ment in the United States Air Force to the and Maintenance account or other sources to Building. grade indicated while assigned to a position address any changed security threats or new of importance and responsibility under title or emergent security needs, including new The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. 10, U.S.C., section 601: immediate threat mitigation projects. To be lieutenant general (d) REPORT.—The Secretary shall report to SUBCOMMITTEE ON PUBLIC LANDS, FORESTS, the appropriate congressional committees AND MINING Lt. Gen. Marshall B. Webb not later than 180 days after the date of the Mr. ISAKSON. Mr. President, I ask The following Air National Guard of the enactment of this Act on— unanimous consent that the Com- United States officer for appointment in the (1) funding for the priorities described in Reserve of the Air Force to the grade indi- subsection (a); mittee on Energy and Natural Re- cated under title 10, U.S.C., sections 12203 (2) efforts to secure high threat, high risk sources’ Subcommittee on Public and 12212: facilities as well as high vulnerability loca- Lands, Forests, and Mining be author- To be brigadier general tions facilities; and ized to meet during the session of the Col. Daniel J. Swain (3) plans to make funds available from the Senate on April 28, 2016, at 2:30 p.m., in The following Air National Guard of the Embassy Security, Construction and Mainte- room SD–366 of the Dirksen Senate Of- nance account or other sources to address United States officer for appointment in the any changed security threats or new or fice Building. Reserve of the Air Force to the grade indi- emergent security needs, including new im- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without cated under title 10, U.S.C., sections 12203 mediate threat mitigation projects. objection, it is so ordered. and 12212: f f To be brigadier general AUTHORITY FOR COMMITTEES TO PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR Col. James J. Keefe MEET The following named officer for appoint- Ms. HEITKAMP. Mr. President, I ask ment in the United States Air Force to the unanimous consent that Michael grade indicated under title 10, U.S.C., section COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES Jetvig, an intern in my office, be 624: Mr. ISAKSON. Mr. President, I ask granted the privilege of the floor for To be brigadier general unanimous consent that the Com- the duration of today’s session of the Col. Andrea D. Tullos mittee on Armed Services be author- Senate. The following named officer for appoint- ized to meet during the session of the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without ment in the United States Air Force to the Senate on April 28, 2016, at 9:30 a.m. objection, it is so ordered. grade indicated under title 10, U.S.C., section The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without f 624: objection, it is so ordered. To be brigadier general EXECUTIVE SESSION COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC Col. Bradley C. Saltzman WORKS The following Air National Guard of the Mr. ISAKSON. Mr. President, I ask EXECUTIVE CALENDAR United States officer for appointment in the unanimous consent that the Com- Reserve of the Air Force to the grade indi- mittee on Environment and Public Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I cated under title 10, U.S.C., sections 12203 Works be authorized to meet during ask unanimous consent that the Sen- and 12212: the session of the Senate on April 28, ate proceed to executive session for the To be brigadier general 2016, at 9 a.m., in room SD–406 of the consideration of Calendar Nos. 519 Col. Andrew E. Salas Dirksen Senate Office Building. through 545 and all nominations on the The following named officer for appoint- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Secretary’s desk; that the nominations ment in the United States Air Force to the objection, it is so ordered. be confirmed en bloc, and the motions grade indicated under title 10, U.S.C., section COMMITTEE ON FINANCE to reconsider be considered made and 624: Mr. ISAKSON. Mr. President, I ask laid upon the table with no intervening To be brigadier general unanimous consent that the Com- action or debate; that no further mo- Col. Craig D. Wills

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00069 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.062 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2572 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 The following Air National Guard of the grade indicated while assigned to a position tions were received by the Senate and ap- United States officer for appointment in the of importance and responsibility under title peared in the Congressional Record of March Reserve of the Air Force to the grade indi- 10, U.S.C., section 601: 17, 2016. cated under title 10, U.S.C., sections 12203 To be lieutenant general PN1318 AIR FORCE nomination of Albert and 12212: E. White, which was received by the Senate Lt. Gen. Bradley A. Heithold To be brigadier general and appeared in the Congressional Record of The following Air National Guard of the April 7, 2016. Col. Tamhra L. Hutchins-Frye United States officer for appointment as Di- PN1333 AIR FORCE nomination of Jona- IN THE ARMY rector, Air National Guard, and for appoint- than M. Letsinger, which was received by the The following named officer for appoint- ment to the grade indicated in the Reserve of Senate and appeared in the Congressional ment in the United States Army to the grade the Air Force under title 10, U.S.C., sections Record of April 14, 2016. indicated while assigned to a position of im- 601 and 10506: PN1334 AIR FORCE nominations (42) begin- portance and responsibility under title 10, To be lieutenant general ning LLOYD TRAVIS A. ARNOLD, and end- U.S.C., section 601: Maj. Gen. Leon S. Rice ing KONSTANTINA ZUBER, which nomina- To be general tions were received by the Senate and ap- The following named officer for appoint- peared in the Congressional Record of April Gen. Curtis M. Scaparrotti ment in the United States Air Force to the 14, 2016. The following Army National Guard of the grade indicated while assigned to a position PN1335 AIR FORCE nomination of Kristie United States officer for appointment in the of importance and responsibility under title L. Partin, which was received by the Senate Reserve of the Army to the grade indicated 10, U.S.C., section 601: and appeared in the Congressional Record of under title 10, U.S.C., sections 12203 and To be general April 14, 2016. 12211: Gen. Lori J. Robinson PN1336 AIR FORCE nomination of Aimee D. Safford, which was received by the Senate To be brigadier general IN THE ARMY and appeared in the Congressional Record of Col. William J. Prendergast, IV The following named officer for appoint- April 14, 2016. The following named officers for appoint- ment in the United States Army to the grade PN1337 AIR FORCE nomination of Tracey ment in the Reserve of the Army to the indicated while assigned to a position of im- A. Gosser, which was received by the Senate grades indicated under title 10, U.S.C., sec- portance and responsibility under title 10, and appeared in the Congressional Record of tion 12203: U.S.C., section 601: April 14, 2016. To be major general To be lieutenant general PN1338 AIR FORCE nomination of Todd R. Brig. Gen. William P. Barriage Maj. Gen. Stephen M. Twitty Howell, which was received by the Senate Brig. Gen. Peter A. Bosse and appeared in the Congressional Record of The following named officer for appoint- April 14, 2016. Brig. Gen. Troy D. Kok ment in the United States Army to the grade Brig. Gen. William S. Lee indicated while assigned to a position of im- IN THE ARMY To be brigadier general portance and responsibility under title 10, PN1220 ARMY nominations (3) beginning LARSS G. CELTNIEKS, and ending PAU- Col. Marilyn S. Chiafullo U.S.C., section 601: LETTE V. BURTON, which nominations Col. Alex B. Fink To be lieutenant general were received by the Senate and appeared in Col. John B. Hashem Maj. Gen. John G. Rossi the Congressional Record of March 14, 2016. Col. Susan E. Henderson The following named officer for appoint- PN1221 ARMY nomination of Eric Danko, Col. Andrew J. Juknelis ment in the United States Army to the grade which was received by the Senate and ap- Col. Jeffrey W. Jurasek indicated while assigned to a position of im- peared in the Congressional Record of March Col. Deborah L. Kotulich portance and responsibility under title 10, 14, 2016. Col. John H. Phillips U.S.C., section 601: PN1222 ARMY nominations (2) beginning Col. Stephen T. Sauter To be general STEVEN N. CAROZZA, and ending NOAH C. Col. Stephen E. Strand CLOUD, which nominations were received by Lt. Gen. Robert B. Brown IN THE NAVY the Senate and appeared in the Congres- The following named officer for appoint- The following named officer for appoint- sional Record of March 14, 2016. ment in the United States Navy to the grade ment in the Reserve of the Army to the PN1223 ARMY nomination of Ramit Ring, indicated under title 10, U.S.C., section 624: grade indicated under title 10, U.S.C., section which was received by the Senate and ap- 12203: To be rear admiral peared in the Congressional Record of March To be major general 14, 2016. Rear Adm. (lh) Paul J. Verrastro Brig. Gen. Kenneth D. Jones PN1272 ARMY nomination of Geoffrey E. The following named officer for appoint- Anderson, which was received by the Senate ment in the United States Navy to the grade The following named officer for appoint- and appeared in the Congressional Record of indicated under title 10, U.S.C., section 624: ment in the Reserve of the Army to the March 17, 2016. grade indicated under title 10, U.S.C., section To be rear admiral PN1274 ARMY nomination of Bruce H. Rob- 12203: inson, which was received by the Senate and Rear Adm. (lh) Timothy J. White To be major general appeared in the Congressional Record of The following named officers for appoint- Brig. Gen. Arlan M. DeBlieck March 17, 2016. ment in the United States Navy to the grade PN1275 ARMY nominations (2) beginning The following named officer for appoint- indicated under title 10, U.S.C., section 624: MATTHEW B. BOOTH, and ending DONALD ment in the Reserve of the Army to the To be rear admiral W. MOYER, which nominations were re- grade indicated under title 10, U.S.C., section ceived by the Senate and appeared in the Rear Adm. (lh) Kyle J. Cozad 12203: Rear Adm. (lh) Lisa M. Franchetti Congressional Record of March 17, 2016. To be brigadier general Rear Adm. (lh) Roy J. Kelley PN1276 ARMY nomination of Robert L. Rear Adm. (lh) David M. Kriete Col. Rodney L. Faulk Cronyn, which was received by the Senate Rear Adm. (lh) Bruce H. Lindsey NOMINATIONS PLACED ON THE SECRETARY’S and appeared in the Congressional Record of Rear Adm. (lh) James T. Loeblein DESK March 17, 2016. PN1277 ARMY nomination of Darrell W. Rear Adm. (lh) William R. Merz IN THE AIR FORCE Rear Adm. (lh) Dee L. Mewbourne Collins, which was received by the Senate PN1219 AIR FORCE nomination of Martin Rear Adm. (lh) Michael T. Moran and appeared in the Congressional Record of T. Mitchell, which was received by the Sen- Rear Adm. (lh) Stuart B. Munsch March 17, 2016. ate and appeared in the Congressional Rear Adm. (lh) John B. Nowell, Jr. PN1299 ARMY nomination of Devon D. Record of March 14, 2016. Rear Adm. (lh) Timothy G. Szymanski Nudelman, which was received by the Senate PN1269 AIR FORCE nominations (23) begin- and appeared in the Congressional Record of IN THE ARMY ning LAURA S. BARCHICK, and ending April 5, 2016. The following named officer for appoint- KEVIN J. WILKINSON, which nominations PN1300 ARMY nomination of Calvin C. ment in the United States Army to the grade were received by the Senate and appeared in Thomas, which was received by the Senate indicated while assigned to a position of im- the Congressional Record of March 17, 2016. and appeared in the Congressional Record of portance and responsibility under title 10, PN1270 AIR FORCE nominations (28) begin- April 5, 2016. U.S.C., section 601: ning MICHELLE D. AASTROM, and ending PN1301 ARMY nominations (2) beginning To be general CYNTHIA J. WEIDMAN, which nominations STEPHEN G. CRUYS, and ending GREGORY were received by the Senate and appeared in J. LONG, which nominations were received Gen. Vincent K. Brooks the Congressional Record of March 17, 2016. by the Senate and appeared in the Congres- IN THE AIR FORCE PN1271 AIR FORCE nominations (446) be- sional Record of April 5, 2016. The following named officer for appoint- ginning LAIRD S. ABBOTT, and ending PN1302 ARMY nominations (2) beginning ment in the United States Air Force to the CHRISTOPHER J. ZUHLKE, which nomina- EDWARD S. BARNETT, and ending LYNN J.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00070 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.075 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2573 WILSON, which nominations were received PN1349 ARMY nominations (4) beginning AFGHANISTAN ACCOUNTABILITY by the Senate and appeared in the Congres- TIMOTHY D. COVINGTON, and ending ERIC ACT OF 2015 sional Record of April 5, 2016. A. KENNEDY, which nominations were re- PN1303 ARMY nominations (5) beginning ceived by the Senate and appeared in the Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I TIMOTHY G. BONNER, and ending JAMES Congressional Record of April 14, 2016. ask unanimous consent that the Sen- S. WELCH, JR., which nominations were re- PN1379 ARMY nomination of Nilson ate proceed to the consideration of Cal- ceived by the Senate and appeared in the Orozcooviedo, which was received by the endar No. 189, S. 1875. Congressional Record of April 5, 2016. Senate and appeared in the Congressional The PRESIDING OFFICER. The PN1304 ARMY nominations (7) beginning Record of April 18, 2016. clerk will report the bill by title. KRYSTAL D. BEAN, and ending JUSTIN R. PN1380 ARMY nomination of Pierre E. The legislative clerk read as follows: SCHLANSER, which nominations were re- Saintfleur, which was received by the Senate A bill (S. 1875) to support enhanced ac- ceived by the Senate and appeared in the and appeared in the Congressional Record of countability for United States assistance to Congressional Record of April 5, 2016. April 18, 2016. Afghanistan, and for other purposes. PN1305 ARMY nominations (19) beginning IN THE MARINE CORPS GEORGE A. BARBEE, and ending D013078, There being no objection, the Senate PN1126 MARINE CORPS nomination of proceeded to consider the bill, which which nominations were received by the Sen- John A. Yukica, which was received by the ate and appeared in the Congressional Senate and appeared in the Congressional had been reported from the Committee Record of April 5, 2016. Record of January 28, 2016. on Foreign Relations, with an amend- PN1306 ARMY nominations (80) beginning PN1129 MARINE CORPS nominations (3) ment, as follows: GABRIELLE M. ANDREANIFABRONI, and beginning MATRIX W. ELIAS, and ending (The part of the bill intended to be ending YOUNG J. YAUGER, which nomina- NICHOLAS J. TAZZA, which nominations stricken is shown in boldface brackets tions were received by the Senate and ap- were received by the Senate and appeared in and the part of the bill intended to be peared in the Congressional Record of April the Congressional Record of January 28, 2016. 5, 2016. inserted is shown in italic.) PN1307 ARMY nominations (84) beginning IN THE NAVY S. 1875 TERRYL L. AITKEN, and ending D010908, PN1201 NAVY nomination of Brian D. Hen- Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- which nominations were received by the Sen- nessy, which was received by the Senate and resentatives of the United States of America in ate and appeared in the Congressional appeared in the Congressional Record of Congress assembled, Record of April 5, 2016. March 3, 2016. SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. PN1319 ARMY nomination of Travis H. PN1224 NAVY nomination of Donald C. This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Afghanistan Owen, which was received by the Senate and King, which was received by the Senate and Accountability Act of 2015’’. appeared in the Congressional Record of appeared in the Congressional Record of SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. April 7, 2016. March 14, 2016. In this Act: PN1279 NAVY nomination of Stephanie M. PN1320 ARMY nominations (54) beginning (1) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT- Simoni, which was received by the Senate JOSHUA T. ADE, and ending D012875, which TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional and appeared in the Congressional Record of nominations were received by the Senate and committees’’ means— March 17, 2016. appeared in the Congressional Record of (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations, PN1280 NAVY nomination of Jennifer L. April 7, 2016. the Committee on Appropriations, the Com- Shafer, which was received by the Senate PN1322 ARMY nomination of Timothy R. mittee on Armed Services, and the Select and appeared in the Congressional Record of Teague, which was received by the Senate Committee on Intelligence of the Senate; and appeared in the Congressional Record of March 17, 2016. PN1281 NAVY nominations (3) beginning and April 7, 2016. (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the PN1323 ARMY nomination of Eric E. JUSTIN K. CONROY, and ending REBECCA L. YOUNG, which nominations were received Committee on Appropriations, the Com- Halstrom, which was received by the Senate mittee on Armed Services, and the Perma- and appeared in the Congressional Record of by the Senate and appeared in the Congres- sional Record of March 17, 2016. nent Select Committee on Intelligence of the April 7, 2016. House of Representatives. PN1324 ARMY nominations (4) beginning PN1282 NAVY nomination of Brice A. TITLE I—EFFECTIVE AFGHANISTAN BRIAN D. BOBO, and ending ANTHONY D. Goodwin, which was received by the Senate ASSISTANCE AND ACCOUNTABILITY FOURNIER, which nominations were re- and appeared in the Congressional Record of ceived by the Senate and appeared in the March 17, 2016. SEC. 101. FINDINGS. Congressional Record of April 7, 2016. PN1283 NAVY nomination of Brian J. Congress makes the following findings: PN1325 ARMY nomination of Dennis N. Hamer, which was received by the Senate (1) Following the terrorist attacks of Sep- Snelling, which was received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record of tember 11, 2001, the United States launched and appeared in the Congressional Record of March 17, 2016. Operation Enduring Freedom, and since then April 7, 2016. PN1284 NAVY nomination of Scott F. the United States Armed Forces and the Af- PN1340 ARMY nomination of Kodjo S. Gruwell, which was received by the Senate ghan National Security Forces have made Knoxlimbacker, which was received by the and appeared in the Congressional Record of countless sacrifices in defending Afghanistan Senate and appeared in the Congressional March 17, 2016. against the threat of terrorism and insur- PN1285 NAVY nomination of Shannon D. Record of April 14, 2016. gency and by extension the United States PN1341 ARMY nomination of Lori R. Lorimer, which was received by the Senate and the wider world. Schanhals, which was received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record of (2) Since 2001, the United States has and appeared in the Congressional Record of March 17, 2016. worked with a broad coalition of nations PN1308 NAVY nominations (11) beginning April 14, 2016. that has helped to dramatically improve nu- PN1342 ARMY nomination of Drew R. DANIELLE M. BARNES, and ending MARK merous development indicators within Af- Conover, which was received by the Senate R. THOMAS, which nominations were re- ghanistan, including a dramatic increase in and appeared in the Congressional Record of ceived by the Senate and appeared in the the number of girls enrolled in primary edu- April 14, 2016. Congressional Record of April 5, 2016. cation from an estimated 5,000 under the PN1343 ARMY nomination of Bradley D. PN1309 NAVY nomination of William A. Taliban to 2,400,000 girls as of 2010; an in- Osterman, which was received by the Senate Hlavin, which was received by the Senate crease in the percentage of individuals above and appeared in the Congressional Record of and appeared in the Congressional Record of the poverty line from 25.4 percent in 2002 to April 14, 2016. April 5, 2016. 35.8 percent in 2011; an increase in the per- PN1312 NAVY nomination of Phillip G. PN1344 ARMY nomination of Francisco J. centage of individuals who now have access Cyr, which was received by the Senate and Lopez, which was received by the Senate and to an improved water source in rural areas appeared in the Congressional Record of appeared in the Congressional Record of from 22 percent in 2001 to 56 percent in 2012; April 5, 2016. April 14, 2016. a precipitous decline in maternal mortality PN1350 NAVY nomination of Donald E. PN1346 ARMY nominations (4) beginning from 1200/100,000 births in 1995 to 400/100,000 Speights, which was received by the Senate TIMOTHY D. AIKEN, and ending JAMES R. births in 2013; and an expansion of women’s and appeared in the Congressional Record of WEAKLEY, which nominations were re- rights; April 14, 2016. ceived by the Senate and appeared in the (3) Numerous research studies have shown PN1366 NAVY nomination of Luis A. Congressional Record of April 14, 2016. that government corruption is a driver of Bencomo, which was received by the Senate PN1347 ARMY nomination of George A. conflict and particularly so in Afghanistan, and appeared in the Congressional Record of Rollins, which was received by the Senate where it has served as a powerful recruit- April 14, 2016. and appeared in the Congressional Record of ment tool for the Taliban. April 14, 2016. f (4) Since the first democratic transfer of PN1348 ARMY nomination of McArthur LEGISLATIVE SESSION power in the history of Afghanistan in 2014, Walker, which was received by the Senate President Ashraf Ghani and Chief Executive and appeared in the Congressional Record of The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Officer Abdullah Abdullah have led a Na- April 14, 2016. ate will now resume legislative session. tional Unity Government that has identified

VerDate Sep 11 2014 07:16 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00071 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.076 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2574 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 key security and development challenges in agreed to refresh the existing TMAF and as- corruption, and use technologies to strength- order to make Afghanistan a full and produc- sociated commitments at the 2015 Senior Of- en government; tive member of the community of demo- ficials Meeting based on the reform program (6) the United States should urge the Gov- cratic nations. and priorities as laid out by the Government ernment of Afghanistan to build upon exist- (5) The National Unity Government has re- of Afghanistan. ing anti-money laundering and countering newed specific focus on addressing corrup- (11) Afghanistan faces great difficulties in terrorism financing legislation by developing tion within the country as a driver of insta- making progress in countering illegal nar- effective regulations and institutions to im- bility, including reopening a fraud case in- cotics and remains the leading global illicit plement reforms; volving high level officials and the Kabul opium poppy producer. (7) the United States should urge the Gov- Bank that resulted in the disappearance of (12) The illegal narcotics trade results in ernment of Afghanistan to broaden personal an estimated $1,000,000,000. the transfer of illicit funds and encourages asset disclosures to include members of the (6) In its report ‘‘Realizing Self Reliance: and also requires corrupt financial trans- covered officials’ immediate families or Commitments to Reform and Renewed Part- actions, and, if minimized, could have bene- households and develop effective mecha- nership’’, the Government of Afghanistan ficial impacts on trade and reduce overall nisms for verifying disclosed information; committed to the international community levels of corruption. (8) in the event of future egregious cases of in London in December 2014, to address the (13) The international community has en- corruption in Afghanistan, the President ‘‘main drivers of corruption in Afghanistan,’’ dorsed Afghanistan’s longer-term develop- should impose visa bans and asset freezes on including ‘‘collusive procurement practices, ment following the war and identified the those responsible, especially in instances weak rule of law and abuse of the legal sys- criticality of the ‘‘transformation decade’’ where United States assistance is stolen or tem, and arbitrary regulations that build in from 2015-2024 outlined by the Government of misappropriated; incentives to pay bribes’’. Government of Af- Afghanistan and has acknowledged that the (9) the United States Government should ghanistan commitments included— Government of Afghanistan will seek contin- cooperate with the Government of Afghani- (A) forming an independent anti-corrup- ued international assistance in order for it stan and with international donors to de- tion commission with time-bound prosecu- to become a stable, self-sustained partner in velop a series of strict accountability bench- torial powers; the community of democratic countries. marks based on the refreshed Tokyo Mutual (B) implementing recommendations by the (14) As development assistance from the Accountability Framework and the Govern- Monitoring and Evaluation Committee on a United States and broader international ment of Afghanistan’s own ‘‘Realizing Self national action plan to reduce corruption; community gradually diminishes in the com- Reliance’’ report commitments that will (C) requiring all government officials to ing years, the accelerated development of condition levels of assistance and the provide public declarations of their assets; the Afghan private sector and governing in- amount of on-budget assistance on anti-cor- (D) meeting all Financial Action Task stitutions becomes even more necessary to ruption performance acceptable to donors; Force (FATF) requirements to further limit maintain the gains of the past decade and to (10) the United States should support the and investigate illicit fund flows; enhance our mutual goals of Afghan security Afghan Parliament to refine and strengthen (E) forming a national procurement board and stability. the legal framework of anti-corruption and staffed by qualified professionals who will (15) While Afghan National Security Forces anti-money laundering laws to address bene- manage all large value contracts using inter- ficial ownership, countering bid-rigging and (ANSF) have taken over lead combat respon- nationally recognized standards and proce- other contracting and procurement fraud, sibilities, they continue to operate in close dures; and criminal investigations of financial trans- coordination with, and with significant re- (F) delineating the roles, responsibilities, actions, complementary banks, personal sources from the international community, and jurisdiction of anti-corruption institu- asset or other financial declarations and dis- under the Train, Advise and Assist (TAA) tions such as the High Office of Oversight closures as required by law or regulation, ef- mission of Operation Inherent Resolve and in and Anti-Corruption (HOO) and the Attorney forts to meet FATF requirements, and other coordination with ongoing counter-terrorism General to restrict them to focus on their areas to further inhibit the illicit flow of operations. Development of civilian over- core function of enforcement instead of over- money; sight institutions for the security sector has sight. (11) the commitment by the Government of (7) The December 2014 Government of Af- lagged. Such oversight will be important for Afghanistan to strengthen its nascent pri- ghanistan report ‘‘Realizing Self Reliance: ensuring that Afghan security forces are ac- vate sector should be supported and sus- Commitments to Reform and Renewed Part- countable and do not abuse their powers. tained using the full array of tools of the nership’’, expressed a commitment to ‘‘en- SEC. 102. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON UNITED United States, including technical and legal hancing productivity, growth and revenues’’ STATES ASSISTANCE AND ACCOUNT- assistance; by— ABILITY IN AFGHANISTAN. (12) United States assistance to the Afghan (A) developing natural resources through It is the sense of Congress that— judicial system and other Afghan legal insti- public-private partnerships that bring in (1) the National Unity Government of Af- tutions that enable and empower private sec- rents, taxes, and profits; ghanistan has made a substantial commit- tor development by instilling greater inves- (B) removing obstacles to trade and transit ment to reform that should be supported but tor confidence should be prioritized to ensure and ending smuggling that diverts revenue also subject to heightened scrutiny by the the protection of private property, the sanc- away from the treasury; Afghan people and international donors tity of contracts, and effective dispute reso- (C) negotiating expanded market access in given past failures and persistent challenges lution mechanisms for businesses and inves- regional and global markets; in the country; tors; (D) gradually formalizing the informal (2) Afghanistan is at a critical inflection (13) the United States Government should economy and changing the compact between point, having gone through political and se- identify opportunities for the United States the state and citizens to one where citizens curity transitions as the international com- to introduce trade facilitation as part of the pay taxes for services they tangibly benefit munity draws down its military forces. The economic relationship between the two coun- from; and international community should work close- tries; (E) transferring government payments ly with the new government in supporting (14) the Governments of the United States electronically to eliminate losses in transit. development priorities for the rest of the and Afghanistan should work together to (8) In 2012, international donors and the transformation decade that translate into identify more Afghan products and raw ma- Government of Afghanistan agreed to the producing concrete development results for terials to be included on the United States Tokyo Mutual Accountability Framework the Afghan people; Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) (‘‘TMAF’’) which committed to provide (3) sustainable accountability and reform treatment list; $4,000,000,000 in economic assistance per year of Afghan governing institutions will not (15) the United States Government should from 2012-2015 and sustain assistance at or come from the international community but establish a United States-Afghan Tax Com- near the same levels of the past decade from a commitment by the Government of mission to help spearhead a rapid and suc- through 2017, while the Government of Af- Afghanistan and society reinforced by do- cessful conclusion of a new Bilateral Tax ghanistan committed to meet benchmarks mestic watchdog groups and internal govern- Agreement similar to the Agreements with related to democracy and governance, public ment accountability monitoring mecha- several of Afghanistan’s neighbors, including finance and revenue generation, and eco- nisms; Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Tajikistan, nomic development. (4) the United States Government should Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, India, and Paki- (9) At the end of 2014, under the TMAF, the deepen its dialogue on anti-corruption ef- stan; Government of Afghanistan had fallen short forts with the Government of Afghanistan to (16) the American University of Afghani- in meeting benchmarks related to: revenue develop effective oversight mechanisms to stan is an emerging pillar in Afghanistan’s collection, the enhancement of women’s ensure large donor contracts do not con- education system and has provided a unique rights, corruption and the illicit economy, tribute to corruption; opportunity for higher education for Afghan and the protection of human rights, (5) the United States should encourage Af- youth, especially women; and (10) In the Joint Declaration following the ghanistan’s participation in the Open Gov- (17) the United States should encourage London Conference on Afghanistan of De- ernment Partnership, a multilateral initia- the Government of Afghanistan to imple- cember 4, 2014, the international community tive in which government and civil society ment with urgency electoral reforms in ac- and the new Government of Afghanistan collaborate to promote transparency, fight cordance with the ‘‘Agreement between the

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00072 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.069 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2575 Two Campaign Teams Regarding the Struc- to ensure that anti-corruption advice or pro- (E) supporting implementation of the Ac- ture of the National Unity Government’’. gramming provided to the Government of Af- cess to Information Law and the 2009 Mass SEC. 103. UNITED STATES ASSISTANCE POLICY ghanistan is not contradictory. Media Law, particularly provisions of the FOR AFGHANISTAN. (D) A focus on the development of govern- latter that would disband the Media Viola- It is the policy of the United States— mental and nongovernmental Afghan capac- tions Investigation Commission and replace (1) to conduct assistance programs that re- ity to ensure accountability and combat cor- it with a Mass Media Commission; sult in highly effective, impact driven devel- ruption. (F) supporting the Attorney General’s Of- opment outcomes for the people of Afghani- (E) An evaluation of Afghan civil society fice to undertake prompt, impartial, and stan while maintaining the highest stand- anti-corruption capacities that includes thorough investigations into all attacks on ards of accountability for United States tax- their ability to use technology to combat journalists and media organizations and payers; corruption. bring prosecutions as appropriate; and (2) that all United States Government (b) AFGHANISTAN ANTI-CORRUPTION FUND.— (G) supporting the further establishment of agencies and entities working in Afghanistan (1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to the avail- civil society organizations to provide essen- coordinate, plan, and regularly review plans ability of funds, the President is authorized tial ‘‘watchdog’’ oversight of the police and in a coherent, well-informed process to de- to provide technical and financial assistance armed forces; as well as efforts to strengthen velop United States policy and assistance to official Government of Afghanistan anti- and improve coordination among civil soci- programming; corruption and audit institutions and Afghan ety organizations, such as the Afghan Inde- (3) to support the development of effective civil society watchdog groups in support of pendent Human Rights Commission. Government of Afghanistan oversight insti- the anti-corruption priorities identified by (d) DEVELOPMENT OF THE AFGHAN PRIVATE tutions and domestic watchdog civil society the Government of Afghanistan and the SECTOR.— organizations; United States Government. Subject to care- (1) REGIONAL ECONOMIC CONNECTIVITY (4) subject to significant evident progress ful consideration by the United States Gov- FUND.— made in meeting TMAF accountability and ernment of the legitimacy, efficacy, and di- (A) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established improved governance as it relates to devel- rect impact and influence of such entities a Regional Economic Connectivity Fund opment, to abide by resource commitments and individuals, offices, and organizations from which funds may be made available made as part of the Tokyo Mutual Account- that are funded under this subsection could from existing appropriations to enhance re- ability Framework; include— gional economic connectivity between Af- (5) to provide incentivized assistance to Af- (A) the Supreme Audit Office; ghanistan and the countries of South and ghanistan’s governing institutions based (B) the Attorney General; Central Asia. upon verifiable and measurable development (C) the Ministry of Justice; (B) PURPOSE.—The purpose of the Regional outcomes and on-budget assistance based (D) Inspectors General within key min- Economic Connectivity Fund is to provide upon demonstrated capacity improvements support for efforts to enhance Afghanistan’s that are mutually agreed to by the Govern- istries; economic connectivity with its neighbors, ments of Afghanistan and the United States; (E) the Independent Joint Anti-Corruption thus improving the country’s overall eco- (6) to support the development of demo- Monitoring and Evaluation Committee nomic prospects and diminishing the need cratic governing institutions in Afghanistan, (MEC); for international assistance in the future. promote the development of a growing pri- (F) the major crimes task force, Technical The Regional Economic Connectivity Fund vate sector, and strengthen civil society in Investigative Unit, and the Sensitive Inves- may be used to support programs in the fol- Afghanistan; tigative Unit; lowing areas: (7) to recognize that Afghanistan’s sustain- (G) the High Office of Oversight and Anti- (i) Trade and transit fee normalization and able development is grounded in growing the Corruption; electronic payment systems. regional economy, and to support the efforts (H) the Anti-Corruption Tribunal; (ii) Capacity and skills development to im- of the Government and people of Afghanistan (I) the Financial Transactions and Reports prove collaboration among countries for bor- to build strong regional economic Analysis Center of Afghanistan; der and customs. connectivity with the country’s neighbors; (J) the proposed procurement board; and [ (iii) Women-owned business networking. and (K) civil society organizations engaged in ] (iv) Developing regional options on transit (8) øto support, where appropriate, proven oversight, anti-corruption advocacy, and and customs to facilitate trade. programs that promote private sector job support of good governance. (v) Enhancing and implementing con- creation in Afghanistan.¿ neighbors; (c) PROMOTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS, PRESS fidence building measures. (8) to support, where appropriate, proven pro- FREEDOM, AND SECURITY SECTOR ACCOUNT- (vi) Encouraging regional energy and elec- grams that promote private sector job creation in ABILITY.— tricity development and sharing. Afghanistan; and (1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to the avail- (9) that assistance programs in direct support ability of funds, the Secretary of State, in (vii) Market access and business con- of Afghan women and girls remain a priority for cooperation with the Secretary of Defense, ferences. the United States, including specific efforts to should provide support for efforts of the Gov- (viii) Intellectual and cultural exchanges support women and girls education, meaningful ernment of Afghanistan to improve oversight to engage in regional problem solving. engagement in political and reconciliation proc- and accountability of the Afghan National (2) TRANSFER AUTHORITY.—In addition to esses, training and recruitment of Afghan fe- Security Forces, including the Afghan Na- other transfer authorities available to the male police and security forces, advancement of tional Police, and Afghan local police, and Department of State, the Department of De- women’s legal rights, economic development, strengthen Afghan civil society and inves- fense, the United States Agency for Inter- and efforts to increase the overall health and tigative journalists to provide watchdog national Development (USAID) or other well-being of Afghan women and girls. oversight of these institutions. Subject to United States Government agencies or de- partments, funds that are specifically allo- SEC. 104. EFFECTIVE AFGHANISTAN ASSISTANCE due consideration of the legitimacy, efficacy, AND ACCOUNTABILITY. and direct impact and influence of such enti- cated towards addressing the situation in Af- (a) STRATEGY TO COMBAT CORRUPTION IN ties and individuals, these efforts could in- ghanistan may be transferred to programs in AFGHANISTAN.— clude— South and Central Asia that promote re- (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of State, in (A) supporting the ANSF to strengthen the gional economic connectivity with substan- consultation with the Secretary of Defense capacity, independence, and power of its in- tial and direct benefits to Afghanistan. and the Government of Afghanistan, shall ternal Inspector General to collect and in- SEC. 105. REPORTS. develop a comprehensive interagency strat- vestigate all credible reports of abuse by (a) REPORTING ON CORRUPTION IN AFGHANI- egy for United States assistance that is sus- armed forces; STAN.—Not later than one year after the date tainable and is not counter-productive to (B) supporting the Office of the Attorney of the enactment of this Act, and annually combatting corruption in Afghanistan. General and the Ministries of Defense and In- thereafter through 2024, the Secretary of (2) ELEMENTS.—The strategy developed terior to be better capable to investigate State shall submit to the appropriate con- under paragraph (1) should include the fol- and, if appropriate, criminally prosecute po- gressional committees a report listing each lowing elements: lice, military, intelligence, and militia per- individual who the President determines, (A) Multi-year goals, objectives, and meas- sonnel, regardless of rank, found responsible based on credible evidence— urable outcomes for targeted activities to for human rights abuses and war crimes; (1) is an Government of Afghanistan offi- strengthen selected Afghan official institu- (C) considering establishing a special inde- cial, a senior associate, or close relative of tions and nongovernmental organizations to pendent mechanism to investigate govern- such an official, who is responsible for, or prevent, investigate, deter, and prosecute ment officials and security force officers im- complicit in, ordering, controlling, or other- corruption. plicated in abuses; wise directing, acts of significant corruption, (B) An operational plan incorporating all (D) supporting the Ministry of Interior to including the expropriation of private or United States Government programming to establish a centralized register of all detain- public assets for personal gain, corruption implement the anti-corruption goals and ob- ees held in police and National Directorate related to government contracts or the ex- jectives. of Security custody, and ensure that it is ac- traction of natural resources, bribery, or the (C) A summary of United States efforts to cessible to independent monitors and is up- facilitation or transfer of the proceeds of coordinate with other international donors dated regularly and in a transparent manner; corruption to foreign jurisdictions; or

VerDate Sep 11 2014 07:16 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00073 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.069 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2576 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 (2) has materially assisted, sponsored, or read a third time and passed, and the ond only to murder, according to the provided financial, material, or techno- motion to reconsider be considered FBI—can happen to anyone. According logical support for, or goods or services in made and laid upon the table. to the National Alliance to End Sexual support of, an activity described above. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Violence, the consequences of rape can (b) REPORT ON CIVILIAN-MILITARY ASSIST- ANCE EFFORTS IN AFGHANISTAN.— objection, it is so ordered. be profound for its victims, and may (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than one year The bill (H.R. 2908) was ordered to a include post-traumatic stress disorder, after the date of the enactment of this Act, third reading, was read the third time, depression, or even suicide. the Comptroller General of the United States and passed. In communities across the United shall submit to the appropriate congres- f States, Americans have commemo- sional committees a report on civilian-mili- rated the month of April with activi- tary assistance efforts in Afghanistan. KIDS TO PARKS DAY ties designed to support survivors of (2) ELEMENTS.—The report required under sexual violence in their efforts to heal. paragraph (1) shall include the following ele- Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I ments: ask unanimous consent that the Judi- Before the month comes to a close, it is (A) A description of lessons learned from ciary Committee be discharged from important that Congress also express conducting development programming in a further consideration of S. Res. 435 and its support for the goals and ideals of conflict zone to include recommendations on the Senate proceed to its immediate Sexual Assault Awareness Month. how to improve coordination between United consideration. I would also like to take a moment States development agencies and the United The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without to mention several other bipartisan, States Armed Forces. objection, it is so ordered. anti-sexual assault measures that I (B) An assessment of the ability of the The clerk will report the resolution have championed during the month of United States Agency for International De- April, and I urge my colleagues to join velopment to advance development goals by title. within a conflict environment, operating The legislative clerk read as follows: me in supporting these initiatives too. alongside providers of United States mili- A resolution (S. Res. 435) designating May First, just last week, the Senate Ju- tary assistance. 21, 2016, as ‘‘Kids to Parks Day.’’ diciary Committee, of which I serve as chairman, cleared legislation that’s de- (C) An assessment of whether funding There being no objection, the Senate under the Commander’s Emergency Response signed to help sexual assault victims proceeded to consider the resolution. Program achieved the program’s stated goals secure justice. I incorporated this lan- Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I and whether this program had any long term guage into the Adam Walsh Reauthor- further ask unanimous consent that development impact, including any negative ization Act, a measure I introduced the resolution be agreed to, the pre- unintended consequences. earlier this year at the urging of a amble be agreed to, and the motions to Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I young woman who survived a sexual reconsider be considered made and laid ask unanimous consent that the com- assault and founded an organization, upon the table with no intervening ac- mittee-reported amendment be with- RISE, that’s dedicated to helping other tion or debate. drawn, the Menendez substitute survivors. amendment at the desk be agreed to, The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without The measure reported by our com- and the bill, as amended, be read a objection, it is so ordered. mittee by voice vote on April 20th third time. The resolution (S. Res. 435) was would amend the federal crime victims’ The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there agreed to. statute to add a number of new rights objection? The preamble was agreed to. specific to sexual assault survivors. If Without objection, it is so ordered. (The resolution, with its preamble, is it’s enacted, victims of federal crimes The amendment (No. 3885) in the na- printed in the RECORD of April 21, 2016, of sexual violence would have the right ture of a substitute was agreed to. under ‘‘Submitted Resolutions.’’) not to be prevented from, or charged (The amendment is printed in today’s f for, receiving a medical forensic exam. RECORD under ‘‘Text of Amendments.’’) RESOLUTIONS SUBMITTED TODAY They would have the right to have a The bill was ordered to be engrossed sexual assault evidence collection kit for a third reading and was read the Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I preserved, without charge, until the third time. ask unanimous consent that the Sen- statutory limitations period for pros- Mr. MCCONNELL. I know of no fur- ate proceed to the en bloc consider- ecuting the crime has expired or ten ther debate on the measure. ation of the following Senate resolu- years has elapsed. They would have the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there tions which were submitted earlier right to be informed of the results further debate? today: S. Res. 448, S. Res. 449, S. Res. when their forensic evidence is ana- If not, the bill having been read the 450, S. Res. 451, S. Res. 452, S. Res. 453, lyzed. And they would have the right to third time, the question is, Shall it S. Res. 454, and S. Res. 455. written notice of policies governing pass? There being no objection, the Senate their evidence kit’s collection and The bill (S. 1875), as amended, was proceeded to consider the resolutions preservation, as well as the right to no- passed. en bloc. tice if that evidence is about to be dis- Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I S. RES. 452 carded. ask unanimous consent that the mo- Mr. GRASSLEY. Mr. President, The latest version of the Adam Walsh tion to reconsider be considered made today I submitted a bipartisan resolu- Reauthorization also would make Jus- and laid upon the table. tion recognizing that April is Sexual tice Department grants available to en- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Assault Awareness and Prevention tities that notify sexual violence vic- objection, it is so ordered. Month. Senators LEAHY, AYOTTE, tims of any applicable rights under f CASEY, ERNST, and GILLIBRAND have state law. Finally, this legislation NATIONAL BISON LEGACY ACT joined as cosponsors of the resolution, would extend the statutory period in and I thank them for their support. which child survivors of human traf- Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I Our purpose in introducing the reso- ficking and child sexual abuse offenses ask unanimous consent that the Sen- lution is to bring greater awareness to can file suit against the perpetrators. ate proceed to the immediate consider- the problem of sexual assault and pub- The bill has been endorsed not only by ation of Calendar No. 438, H.R. 2908. licly acknowledge the survivors. Ac- RISE but also by the National Center The PRESIDING OFFICER. The cording to the Rape, Abuse & Incest for Missing and Exploited Children, the clerk will report the bill by title. National Network, someone is sexually Rape, Abuse and Incest National Net- The legislative clerk read as follows: assaulted every two minutes, on aver- work, and the National Alliance to End A bill (H.R. 2908) to adopt the bison as the age, in the United States. Sexual as- Sexual Violence. Senators SCHUMER, national mammal of the United States. sault can take many forms, including HATCH, FEINSTEIN, LEAHY, SHAHEEN, There being no objection, the Senate rape, commercial sex trafficking, child COONS, DURBIN, and KLOBUCHAR have proceeded to consider the bill. sexual abuse, and stalking. joined as cosponsors. Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I Rape, which is the second most vio- Also last week, I joined Senator ask unanimous consent that the bill be lent crime in the United States—sec- GILLIBRAND in calling on President

VerDate Sep 11 2014 07:16 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00074 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.069 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2577 Obama to take additional steps to in- the question is, Will the Senate advise SEC. 2. EXTENSION OF TERMINATION OF SANC- vestigate military sexual assault. We and consent to the Jacobson nomina- TIONS WITH RESPECT TO VEN- EZUELA. contacted the President to voice our tion? The nomination was confirmed. Section 5(e) of the Venezuela Defense of concerns shortly after an organization Human Rights and Civil Society Act of 2014 known as Protect Our Defenders re- Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the mo- (Public Law 113–278; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is leased a report questioning the accu- amended by striking ‘‘December 31, 2016’’ and racy of congressional testimony by a tion to reconsider be considered made inserting ‘‘December 31, 2019’’. Pentagon official during a hearing on and laid upon the table, the President sexual assault in the military. be immediately notified of the Senate’s f Last but not least, due to my con- action, and the Senate then resume cerns about campus sexual assault, I legislative session. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without DEPARTMENT OF STATE OPER- am an original cosponsor of the Cam- ATIONS AUTHORIZATION AND pus Accountability and Safety Act. I objection, it is so ordered. f EMBASSY SECURITY ACT, FIS- joined Senators HELLER, MCCASKILL, CAL YEAR 2016 GILLIBRAND, AYOTTE, and others in in- LEGISLATIVE SESSION troducing this bill last year. It would The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I make additional support services avail- ate will now resume legislative session. ask unanimous consent that the Sen- able to student survivors of campus f ate proceed to the immediate consider- ation of Calendar No. 123, S. 1635. rape, require training standards and VENEZUELA DEFENSE OF HUMAN uniform discipline procedures for cam- RIGHTS AND CIVIL SOCIETY EX- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The pus officials, and add transparency re- TENSION ACT OF 2016 clerk will report the bill by title. quirements for the Nation’s univer- The senior assistant legislative clerk Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I sities. Earlier this week, the cospon- ask unanimous consent that the Sen- read as follows: sors of this measure came together to ate proceed to the immediate consider- A bill (S. 1635) to authorize the Depart- publicly call for prompt action on this ation of Calendar No. 445, S. 2845. ment of State for fiscal year 2016, and for legislation. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The other purposes. Mr. President, I will close by urging clerk will report the bill by title. There being no objection, the Senate my colleagues to support adoptoin of The senior assistant legislative clerk proceeded to consider the bill. the resolution we have submitted read as follows: Mr. MCCONNELL. I ask unanimous today. A bill (S. 2845) to extend the termination of Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I sanctions with respect to Venezuela under consent that the Corker amendment at ask unanimous consent that the reso- the Venezuela Defense of Human Rights and the desk be agreed to, the bill, as lutions be agreed to, the preambles be Civil Society Act of 2014. amended, be read a third time and agreed to, and the motions to recon- There being no objection, the Senate passed, and the motion to reconsider be sider be laid upon the table en bloc. proceeded to consider the bill, which considered made and laid upon the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without had been reported from the Committee table. objection, it is so ordered. on Foreign Relations, with an amend- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without The resolutions were agreed to. ment, as follows: objection, it is so ordered. The preambles were agreed to. (The part of the bill intended to be (The resolutions, with their pre- The amendment (No. 3886) was agreed stricken is shown in boldface brackets to, as follows: ambles, are printed in today’s RECORD and the part of the bill intended to be under ‘‘Submitted Resolutions.’’) inserted is shown in italic.) (Purpose: To remove language relating to Iran hostages compensation, to provide Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I S. 2845 suggest the absence of a quorum. that the Ambassador at Large for Inter- Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- national Religious Freedom shall have pri- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The resentatives of the United States of America in mary responsibility for religious freedom clerk will call the roll. Congress assembled, training, and to make other technical The legislative clerk proceeded to SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. call the roll. This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Venezuela amendments) Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I Defense of Human Rights and Civil Society On page 16, strike lines 10 through 12 and ask unanimous consent that the order Extension Act of 2016’’. insert the following: ‘‘the majority leader of for the quorum call be rescinded. SEC. 2. EXTENSION OF TERMINATION OF SANC- the Senate, the minority leader of the Sen- TIONS WITH RESPECT TO VEN- ate, the Speaker of the House of Representa- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without EZUELA. objection, it is so ordered. tives, the majority leader of the House of Section 5(e) of the Venezuela Defense of Representatives, the minority leader of the f Human Rights and Civil Society Act of 2014 House of Representatives, the Committee on EXECUTIVE SESSION (Public Law 113–278; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is Foreign Relations of the Senate, and the amended by striking ‘‘December 31, 2016’’ and ø ¿ Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House inserting ‘‘ December 31, 2021 December 31, of Representatives that—’’. 2019’’. EXECUTIVE CALENDAR On page 30, lines 9 and 10, strike ‘‘in the Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I Mr. MCCONNELL. I ask unanimous event of a comprehensive nuclear agreement ask unanimous consent that the Sen- consent that the committee-reported with Iran’’. ate proceed to executive session to con- amendment be agreed to, the bill, as On page 30, lines 20 and 21, strike ‘‘entering sider the following nomination: Cal- amended, be read a third time and into a comprehensive nuclear agreement endar No. 365 only, with no other exec- passed, and the motion to reconsider be with Iran’’ and insert ‘‘the date of the enact- utive business in order. considered made and laid upon the ment of this Act’’. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without table. On page 30, line 23, insert ‘‘the majority objection, it is so ordered. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without leader, the minority leader,’’ after ‘‘(1)’’. The clerk will report the nomination. objection, it is so ordered. On page 31, line 1, insert ‘‘the Speaker, the The legislative clerk read the nomi- The committee-reported amendment majority leader, the minority leader,’’ after nation of Roberta S. Jacobson, of was agreed to. ‘‘(2)’’. The bill (S. 2845), as amended, was or- Maryland, a Career Member of the Sen- Beginning on page 32, lines 24 and 25, strike dered to be engrossed for a third read- ior Executive Service, to be Ambas- ‘‘, as appropriate’’ and all that follows ing, was read the third time, and through ‘‘the United States’’ on page 33, line sador Extraordinary and Pleni- passed, as follows: 1, and insert ‘‘with other United States Gov- potentiary of the United States of S. 2845 ernment agencies, including the intelligence America to the United Mexican States. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- community, and, as appropriate, the United Thereupon, the Senate proceeded to resentatives of the United States of America in States’’. consider the nomination. Congress assembled, Strike section 122. Mr. MCCONNELL. I know of no fur- SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. On page 47, lines 14 and 15, strike ‘‘and the ther debate on the nomination. This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Venezuela Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House The PRESIDING OFFICER. If there Defense of Human Rights and Civil Society of Representatives’’ and insert ‘‘, the Select is no further debate on the nomination, Extension Act of 2016’’. Committee on Intelligence of the Senate, the

VerDate Sep 11 2014 07:32 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00075 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.072 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2578 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House to be high threat, high risk pursuant to sec- Sec. 115. Sense of Congress on the defense of Representatives, and the Permanent Se- tion 531. relationship between the lect Committee on Intelligence of the House (b) IMMEDIATE THREAT MITIGATION United States and the Republic of Representatives’’. PROJECTS PRIORITIZATION.—In allocating of India. On page 90, line 24, insert ‘‘and to the Se- funding for immediate threat mitigation Sec. 116. Sense of Congress on the United lect Committee on Intelligence of the Senate projects pursuant to this section, the Sec- States alliance with the Repub- and the Permanent Select Committee on In- retary shall prioritize funding for the con- lic of Korea. telligence of the House of Representatives’’ struction of safeguards that provide imme- Sec. 117. Sense of Congress on the relation- after ‘‘congressional committees’’. diate security benefits and any other pur- ship between the United States On page 92, line 18, insert ‘‘and to the Se- poses necessary to mitigate immediate and Taiwan. lect Committee on Intelligence of the Senate threats to United States personnel serving Sec. 118. Report on political freedom in Ven- and the Permanent Select Committee on In- overseas. ezuela. telligence of the House of Representatives’’ (c) ADDITIONAL LIMITATION.—No funds au- Sec. 119. Strategy for the Middle East in the after ‘‘committees’’. thorized to be appropriated shall be obli- event of a comprehensive nu- On page 116, line 20, strike ‘‘Secretary of gated for new embassy construction, other clear agreement with Iran. Sec. 120. Department of State international State’’ and insert ‘‘Ambassador at Large for than for high threat, high risk facilities, un- cyberspace policy strategy. International Religious Freedom appointed less the Secretary certifies to the appro- Sec. 121. Waiver of fees for renewal of immi- under section 101(b) of the International Re- priate congressional committees that— grant visa for adopted child in ligious Freedom Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. (1) the Department has fully complied with certain situations. 6411(b))’’. the requirements of subsection (a); Sec. 122. Sense of Congress on anti-Israel (2) high threat, high risk facilities are Beginning on page 117, line 14, strike ‘‘Sec- and anti-Semitic incitement being secured to the best of the United retary of State’’ and all that follows through within the Palestinian Author- States Government’s ability; and ‘‘in consultation with’’ on page 118, line 1, ity. and insert the following: ‘‘Ambassador at (3) the Secretary will make funds available Sec. 123. Support for the sovereignty, inde- Large for International Religious Freedom from the Embassy Security, Construction pendence, territorial integrity, shall carry out paragraph (1)— and Maintenance account or other sources to and inviolability of post-Soviet (A) in coordination with the Director of address any changed security threats or new countries in light of Russian the George P. Shultz National Foreign Af- or emergent security needs, including new aggression and interference. fairs Training Center and other Federal offi- immediate threat mitigation projects. Sec. 124. Russian propaganda report. cials, as appropriate; and (d) REPORT.—The Secretary shall report to Sec. 125. Approval of export licences and let- (B) in consultation with the appropriate congressional committees ters of request to assist the On page 160, line 16, insert ‘‘to the majority not later than 180 days after the date of the Government of Ukraine. leader of the Senate, the minority leader of enactment of this Act on— Subtitle B—Additional Matters the Senate, the Speaker of the House of Rep- (1) funding for the priorities described in subsection (a); Sec. 131. Atrocities prevention board. resentatives, the majority leader of the Sec. 132. United States engagement in the (2) efforts to secure high threat, high risk House of Representatives, and the minority Indo-Pacific. leader of the House of Representatives, and’’ facilities as well as high vulnerability loca- Sec. 133. Joint action plan to combat preju- after ‘‘the report’’. tions facilities; and dice and discrimination and to (3) plans to make funds available from the Strike sections 501 and 502 and insert: foster inclusion. Embassy Security, Construction and Mainte- SEC. 501 WORLDWIDE SECURITY PROTECTION. Sec. 134. Report on developing country debt nance account or other sources to address (a) IN GENERAL.—Funds made available in sustainability. any changed security threats or new or fiscal year 2016 for worldwide security pro- Sec. 135. United States strategy to prevent emergent security needs, including new im- tection shall to the extent practicable, be- and respond to gender-based vi- mediate threat mitigation projects. fore any such funds may be allocated to any olence globally. other authorized purpose, be allocated for— The bill (S. 1635), as amended, was or- Sec. 136. International corruption and ac- (1) immediate threat mitigation support in dered to be engrossed for a third read- countability. accordance with subsection (b) at facilities ing, was read the third time, and Sec. 137. Quadrennial diplomacy and devel- determined to be high threat, high risk pur- opment review. passed, as follows: Sec. 138. Disappeared persons in Mexico, suant to section 531; S. 1635 Guatemala, Honduras, and El (2) immediate threat mitigation support in Salvador. accordance with subsection (b) at other fa- Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- resentatives of the United States of America in Sec. 139. Report on implementation by the cilities; and Government of Bahrain of rec- (3) locations with high vulnerabilities. Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. ommendations from the Bah- (b) IMMEDIATE THREAT MITIGATION SUPPORT rain Independent Commission PRIORITIZATION.—In allocating funding for (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Department of State Operations Au- of Inquiry. immediate mitigation support pursuant to Sec. 140. Report on United States humani- thorization and Embassy Security Act, Fis- this section, the Secretary shall prioritize tarian assistance to Haiti and cal Year 2016’’. funding for— whether recent elections in (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of con- (1) the purchasing of additional security Haiti meet international elec- tents for this Act is as follows: equipment, including additional defensive tion standards. weaponry; Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. Sec. 141. Sense of Congress with respect to (2) the paying of expenses of additional se- Sec. 2. Definitions. the imposition of additional curity forces; and TITLE I—DEPARTMENT OF STATE sanctions against the Demo- (3) any other purposes necessary to miti- AUTHORITIES AND ACTIVITIES cratic People’s Republic of gate immediate threats to United States per- Subtitle A—Basic Authorities and Activities Korea. sonnel serving overseas. Sec. 101. American spaces review. TITLE II—ORGANIZATION AND PER- SEC. 502. EMBASSY SECURITY, CONSTRUCTION Sec. 102. Identifying bilateral investment SONNEL OF THE DEPARTMENT OF AND MAINTENANCE. treaty opportunities. STATE (a) IN GENERAL.—Funds made available in Sec. 103. Reinstatement of Hong Kong re- Subtitle A—Organizational Matters fiscal year 2016 for Worldwide Security Up- port. grades within ‘‘embassy security, construc- Sec. 201. Rightsizing accountability. Sec. 104. Interagency hostage recovery coor- Sec. 202. Integration of foreign economic tion and maintenance’’ shall to the extent dinator. policy. practicable, before any funds may be allo- Sec. 105. United States-China Strategic and Sec. 203. Review of Bureau of African Affairs cated to any other authorized purpose, be al- Economic Dialogue review. and Bureau of Near Eastern Af- located in the prioritized order of— Sec. 106. Report on human rights violations fairs jurisdictions. (1) immediate threat mitigation projects in in Burma. Sec. 204. Special envoys, representatives, ad- accordance with subsection (b) at facilities Sec. 107. Combating anti-semitism. visors, and coordinators. determined to be high threat, high risk pur- Sec. 108. Biotechnology grants. Sec. 205. Conflict prevention, mitigation and suant to section 531; Sec. 109. Definition of ‘‘use’’ in passport and resolution, and the inclusion (2) other security upgrades to facilities de- visa offenses. and participation of women. termined to be high threat, high risk pursu- Sec. 110. Science and technology fellow- Sec. 206. Information technology system se- ant to section 531; ships. curity. (3) all other immediate threat mitigation Sec. 111. Name changes. Sec. 207. Analysis of embassy cost sharing. projects in accordance with subsection (b); Sec. 112. Anti-piracy information sharing. Sec. 208. Parent advisory committee to the and Sec. 113. Report reform. Interagency Working Group to (4) security upgrades to all other facilities Sec. 114. Sense of Congress on the United Prevent International Parental or new construction for facilities determined States alliance with Japan. Child Abduction.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 07:32 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00076 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0655 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.073 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2579 Sec. 209. Improving research and evaluation Sec. 512. Disciplinary action resulting from (1) the full costs incurred by the Depart- of public diplomacy. unsatisfactory leadership in re- ment to provide American Spaces, includ- Sec. 210. Enhanced institutional capacity of lation to a security incident. ing— the Bureau of African Affairs. Sec. 513. Management and staff account- (A) American Centers, American Corners, Subtitle B—Personnel Matters ability. Binational Centers, Information Resource Sec. 514. Security enhancements for soft tar- Centers, and Science Centers; and Sec. 211. Review of Foreign Service Officer gets. compensation. (B) the total costs of all associated— Sec. 212. Repeal of recertification require- Subtitle C—Marine Corps Security Guard (i) employee salaries, including foreign ment for senior Foreign Serv- Program service, American civilian, and locally em- ice. Sec. 521. Additional reports on expansion ployed staff; Sec. 213. Compensatory time off for travel. and enhancement of Marine (ii) programming expenses; Sec. 214. Certificates of demonstrated com- Corps Security Guard Program. (iii) operating expenses; petence. Subtitle D—Defending High Threat, High (iv) contracting expenses; and Sec. 215. Foreign Service assignment re- Risk Posts (v) security expenses; (2) a breakdown of the total costs described strictions. Sec. 531. Designation and reporting for high in paragraph (1) by each space and type of Sec. 216. Security clearance suspensions. threat, high risk posts. space; Sec. 217. Economic statecraft education and Sec. 532. Designation and reporting for high- (3) the total fees collected for entry to, or training. risk counterintelligence threat the use of, American Spaces and related re- Sec. 218. Report on diversity recruitment, posts. employment, retention, and Sec. 533. Enhanced qualifications for Deputy sources, including a breakdown by the type promotion. Assistant Secretary of State for of fee for each space and type of space; and Sec. 219. Expansion of the Charles B. Rangel high threat, high risk posts. (4) the total usage rates, including by type International Affairs Program, Sec. 534. Security environment threat list of service, for each space and type of space. the Thomas R. Pickering For- briefings. SEC. 102. IDENTIFYING BILATERAL INVESTMENT eign Affairs Fellowship Pro- Sec. 535. Comptroller General of the United TREATY OPPORTUNITIES. gram, and the Donald M. Payne States report on implementa- Not later than 180 days after the date of International Development Fel- tion of Benghazi Accountability the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of lowship Program. Review Board recommenda- State, in consultation with the United Sec. 220. Retention of mid- and senior-level tions. States Trade Representative, shall submit a professionals from underrep- Sec. 536. Foreign Affairs Security Training report to the appropriate congressional com- resented groups. Center. mittees that includes a detailed description Sec. 221. Review of jurisdictional respon- Sec. 537. Language training. of— sibilities of the Special Rep- Subtitle E—Accountability Review Boards (1) the status of all ongoing investment resentative to Afghanistan and Sec. 541. Provision of copies of account- treaty negotiations, including a strategy and Pakistan and the Bureau of ability review board reports to timetable for concluding each such negotia- South and Central Asian Af- Congress. tion; fairs. Sec. 542. Staffing. (2) a strategy to expand the investment treaty agenda, including through— Sec. 222. Congressional notification of coun- TITLE VI—MANAGEMENT AND (A) launching new investment treaty nego- tries compliance with minimum ACCOUNTABILITY standards for the elimination of tiations with foreign partners that are cur- trafficking. Sec. 601. Short title. rently capable of entering into such negotia- Sec. 223. International religious freedom Sec. 602. Competitive hiring status for tions; and training program. former employees of the Special (B) building the capacity of foreign part- Inspector General for Iraq Re- TITLE III—INTERNATIONAL ners to enter into such negotiations, includ- construction. ing by encouraging the adoption of best prac- ORGANIZATIONS Sec. 603. Assurance of independence of IT tices with respect to investment; and Subtitle A—United States Contributions to systems. (3) an estimate of any resources that will International Organizations Sec. 604. Protecting the integrity of internal be needed, including anticipated staffing lev- Sec. 301. Reports concerning the United Na- investigations. Sec. 605. Report on Inspector General in- els— tions. (A) to conclude all ongoing negotiations Sec. 302. Annual report on financial con- spection and auditing of For- eign Service posts and bureaus described in paragraph (1); tributions to international or- (B) to launch new investment treaty nego- ganizations. and operating units Depart- ment of State. tiations, as described in paragraph (2)(A); Sec. 303. Report on peacekeeping arrears, and SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. credits, and contributions. (C) to build the capacity of foreign part- In this Act: Sec. 304. Assessment rate transparency. ners, as described in paragraph (2)(B). (1) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT- Subtitle B—Accountability at International SEC. 103. REINSTATEMENT OF HONG KONG RE- Organizations TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional committees’’ means— PORT. Sec. 311. Preventing abuse in peacekeeping. (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days Sec. 312. Inclusion of peacekeeping abuses in the Senate; after the date of the enactment of this Act, country report on human rights (B) the Committee on Appropriations of and annually thereafter through 2020, the practices. the Senate; Secretary shall submit the report required Sec. 313. Evaluation of United Nations (C) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of under section 301 of the United States-Hong peacekeeping missions. the House of Representatives; and Kong Policy Act of 1992 (22 U.S.C. 5731) to the Subtitle C—Personnel Matters (D) the Committee on Appropriations of appropriate congressional committees. Sec. 321. Encouraging employment of United the House of Representatives. (b) PUBLIC DISCLOSURE.—The report sub- mitted under subsection (a) should be unclas- States citizens at the United (2) DEPARTMENT.—The term ‘‘Department’’ Nations. means the Department of State. sified and made publicly available, including through the Department’s public website. Sec. 322. Ensuring appropriate United Na- (3) PEACEKEEPING CREDITS.—The term tions personnel salaries. ‘‘peacekeeping credits’’ means the amounts (c) TREATMENT OF HONG KONG UNDER UNITED STATES LAW.— TITLE IV—CONSULAR AUTHORITIES by which United States assessed peace- keeping contributions exceed actual expendi- (1) SECRETARY OF STATE CERTIFICATION RE- Sec. 401. Visa ineligibility for international tures, apportioned to the United States, of QUIREMENT.— child abductors. peacekeeping operations by the United Na- (A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days Sec. 402. Presumption of immigrant intent tions during a United Nations peacekeeping after the date of the enactment of this Act, for H and L visa classifications. fiscal year. and annually thereafter, the Secretary shall Sec. 403. Visa information sharing. certify to Congress whether Hong Kong Spe- (4) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ TITLE V—EMBASSY SECURITY means the Secretary of State. cial Administrative Region is sufficiently autonomous to justify different treatment Subtitle A—Allocation of Authorized TITLE I—DEPARTMENT OF STATE Security Appropriations. for its citizens from the treatment accorded AUTHORITIES AND ACTIVITIES to other citizens of the People’s Republic of Sec. 501. Worldwide security protection. Subtitle A—Basic Authorities and Activities China in any new laws, agreements, treaties, Sec. 502. Embassy security, construction SEC. 101. AMERICAN SPACES REVIEW. or arrangements entered into between the and maintenance. Not later than 180 days after the date of United States and Hong Kong after the date Subtitle B—Contracting and Other Matters. the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the enactment of this Act. Sec. 511. Local guard contracts abroad under shall submit a report to the appropriate con- (B) FACTOR FOR CONSIDERATION.—In making diplomatic security program. gressional committees that includes— a certification under subparagraph (A), the

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00077 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.074 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2580 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 Secretary should consider the terms, obliga- tionality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189) or any other hos- determined benchmarks for assessing wheth- tions, and expectations expressed in the tage-takers. er the commitments achieved are signifi- Joint Declaration with respect to Hong (e) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: cantly furthering such priorities. Kong. (1) HOSTILE GROUP.—The term ‘‘hostile SEC. 106. REPORT ON HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLA- (C) EXCEPTION.—A certification shall not group’’ means— TIONS IN BURMA. be required under this subsection with re- (A) a group that is designated as a foreign Not later than 180 days after the date of spect to any new laws, agreements, treaties, terrorist organization under section 219(a) of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary or arrangements that support human rights, the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 shall submit a report to the majority leader rule of law, or democracy in the Hong Kong U.S.C. 1189(a)); of the Senate, the minority leader of the Special Administrative Region. (B) a group that is engaged in armed con- Senate, the Speaker of the House of Rep- (2) WAIVER AUTHORITY.—The Secretary may flict with the United States; or resentatives, the majority leader of the waive the application of paragraph (1) if the (C) any other group that the President de- House of Representatives, the minority lead- Secretary— termines to be a hostile group for purposes of er of the House of Representatives, the Com- (A) determines that such a waiver is in the this paragraph. mittee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, national interests of the United States; and (2) STATE SPONSOR OF TERRORISM.—The and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the (B) on or before the date on which such term ‘‘state sponsor of terrorism’’— House of Representatives that— waiver would take effect, submits a notice (A) means a country the government of (1) describes in detail all known widespread of, and justification for, the waiver to the which the Secretary has determined, for pur- or systematic civil or political rights viola- Committee on Foreign Relations of the Sen- poses of section 6(j) of the Export Adminis- tions, including violations that may con- ate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of tration Act of 1979, section 620A of the For- stitute crimes against humanity against eth- the House of Representatives. eign Assistance Act of 1961, section 40 of the nic, racial, or religious minorities in Burma, Arms Export Control Act, or any other pro- including the Rohingya people; and SEC. 104. INTERAGENCY HOSTAGE RECOVERY vision of law, to be a government that has COORDINATOR. (2) provides recommendations for holding repeatedly provided support for acts of inter- (a) IN GENERAL.— perpetrators of the violations described in national terrorism; and paragraph (1) accountable for their actions. (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 60 days (B) includes North Korea. after the date of the enactment of this Act, SEC. 107. COMBATING ANTI-SEMITISM. SEC. 105. UNITED STATES-CHINA STRATEGIC AND Of the amount authorized to be appro- the President shall designate an existing ECONOMIC DIALOGUE REVIEW. priated for Diplomatic and Consular Pro- Federal officer to coordinate efforts to se- (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days cure the release of United States persons after the date of the enactment of this Act, grams, $500,000 shall be made available to the who are hostages of hostile groups or state the Secretary, in coordination with the Sec- Bureau for Democracy, Human Rights, and sponsors of terrorism. For purposes of car- retary of the Treasury, and in consultation Labor, to be used in support of efforts by rying out the duties described in paragraph with other departments and agencies, as ap- American and European Jewish and other (2), such officer shall have the title of ‘‘Inter- propriate, shall— civil society organizations, focusing on agency Hostage Recovery Coordinator’’. (1) conduct a review of the United States- youth, to combat anti-Semitism and other (2) DUTIES.—The Coordinator shall have China Strategic and Economic Dialogue (re- forms of religious, ethnic, or racial intoler- the following duties: ferred to in this section as the ‘‘Dialogue’’); ance in Europe. (A) Coordinate and direct all activities of and SEC. 108. BIOTECHNOLOGY GRANTS. the Federal Government relating to each (2) submit a report to the appropriate con- Title I of the State Department Basic Au- hostage situation described in paragraph (1) gressional committees that contains the thorities Act of 1956 (22 U.S.C. 2651a et seq.), to ensure efforts to secure the release of all findings of such review. is amended by adding at the end the fol- hostages in the hostage situation are prop- (b) CONTENTS.—The report described in sub- lowing: erly resourced and correct lines of authority section (a) shall include— ‘‘SEC. 63. BIOTECHNOLOGY GRANTS AUTHOR- are established and maintained. (1) a list of all commitments agreed to by IZED. (B) Establish and direct a fusion cell con- the United States and China at each of the ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of State sisting of appropriate personnel of the Fed- first 6 rounds of meetings; is authorized to support, through grants, co- eral Government with purview over each (2) an assessment of the status of each operative agreements, contracts, outreach, hostage situation described in paragraph (1). commitment agreed to by the United States and public diplomacy activities, activities (C) Develop a strategy to keep family and China at each of the first 6 rounds of promoting the benefits of agricultural bio- members of hostages described in paragraph meetings, including a detailed description technology, biofuels, science-based regu- (1) informed of the status of such hostages of— latory systems, and the application of such and inform such family members of updates, (A) any actions that have been taken with technologies for trade and development. procedures, and policies that do not com- respect to such commitments; ‘‘(b) LIMITATION.—The total amount of promise the national security of the United (B) any aspects of such commitments that grants provided pursuant to subsection (a) States. remain unfulfilled; and shall not exceed $500,000 in any fiscal year.’’. (b) LIMITATION ON AUTHORITY.—The author- (C) any actions that remain necessary to SEC. 109. DEFINITION OF ‘‘USE’’ IN PASSPORT ity of the Interagency Hostage Recovery Co- fulfill any unfulfilled commitments de- AND VISA OFFENSES. ordinator shall be limited to hostage cases scribed in subparagraph (B); (a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 75 of title 18, outside the United States. (3) an assessment of the effectiveness of United States Code, is amended by inserting (c) QUARTERLY REPORT.— the Dialogue in achieving and fulfilling sig- before section 1541 the following: (1) IN GENERAL.—On a quarterly basis, the nificant commitments on United States pri- ‘‘SEC. 1540. DEFINITION OF ‘USE’ AND ‘USES’. Coordinator shall submit to the appropriate orities in the bilateral relationship, includ- ‘‘In this chapter, the terms ‘use’ and ‘uses’ congressional committees and the members ing— shall be given their plain meaning, which of Congress described in paragraph (2) a re- (A) the security situation in the East and shall include use for identification pur- port that includes a summary of each hos- South China Seas, including a peaceful reso- poses.’’. tage situation described in sub-section (a)(1) lution of maritime disputes in the region; (b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of and efforts to secure the release of all hos- (B) denuclearization of the Korean Penin- sections for chapter 75 of title 18, United tages in such hostage situation. sula; States Code, is amended by inserting before (2) MEMBERS OF CONGRESS DESCRIBED.—The (C) cybertheft of United States intellectual the item relating to section 1541 the fol- members of Congress described in this sub- property; lowing: paragraph are, with respect to a United (D) the treatment of political dissidents, ‘‘1540. Definition of ‘use’ and ‘uses’.’’. States person hostage covered by a report media representatives, and ethnic and reli- SEC. 110. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FELLOW- under paragraph (1), the Senators rep- gious minorities; SHIPS. resenting the State, and the Member, Dele- (E) reciprocal treatment of United States Section 504 of the Foreign Relations Au- gate, or Resident Commissioner of the House journalists and academics in China, includ- thorization Act, Fiscal Year 1979 (22 U.S.C. of Representatives representing the district, ing issuance of visas; 2656d) is amended by adding at the end the where a hostage described in subjection (a)(1) (F) expanding investment and trade oppor- following: resides. tunities for United States businesses; ‘‘(e) GRANTS AND COOPERATIVE AGREEMENTS (3) FORM OF REPORT.—Each report under (G) repatriation of North Korean refugees RELATED TO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FEL- this subsection may be submitted in classi- from China to North Korea; and LOWSHIP PROGRAMS.— fied or unclassified form. (H) promoting and protecting rule of law ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary is author- (d) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in and democratic institutions in Hong Kong; ized to provide grants or enter into coopera- this section shall be construed as author- and tive agreements for science and technology izing the Federal Government to negotiate (4) recommendations for enhancing the ef- fellowship programs of the Department of with a state sponsor of terrorism or an orga- fectiveness of the Dialogue in achieving and State. nization that the Secretary has designated fulfilling significant commitments on United ‘‘(2) RECRUITMENT; STIPENDS.—Assistance as a foreign terrorist organization pursuant States priorities described in paragraph (3), authorized under paragraph (1) may be to section 219 of the Immigration and Na- including consideration of the use of pre- used—

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‘‘(A) to recruit fellows; and (1) the alliance between the United States (b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of ‘‘(B) to pay stipends, travel, and other ap- and Japan is a cornerstone of peace, secu- Congress that the United States should— propriate expenses to fellows. rity, and stability in the Asia-Pacific region (1) continue to expand defense cooperation ‘‘(3) CLASSIFICATION OF STIPENDS.—Stipends and around the world; with the Republic of India; paid under paragraph (2)(B) shall not be con- (2) Prime Minister Shiuzo Abe’s visit to (2) welcome the role of the Republic of sidered compensation for purposes of section the United States in April 2015 and historic India in providing security and stability in 209 of title 18, United States Code. address to a Joint Session of Congress sym- the Indo-Pacific region and beyond; ‘‘(4) LIMITATION.—The total amount of as- bolized the strength and importance of ties (3) work cooperatively with the Republic of sistance provided under this subsection may between the United States and Japan; India on matters relating to our common de- not exceed $500,000 in any fiscal year.’’. (3) in 2015, which marks 70 years since the fense; SEC. 111. NAME CHANGES. end of World War II, the United States and (4) vigorously support the implementation (a) PUBLIC LAW 87–195.—Section 607(d) of Japan continue to strengthen the alliance of the United States-India Defense Frame- the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. and work together to ensure a peaceful and work Agreement; and 2357(d)) is amended by striking ‘‘Assistant prosperous future for the Asia-Pacific region (5) support the India Defense Trade and Secretary of State for Oceans and Inter- and the world; Technology Initiative. national Environmental and Scientific Af- (4) the Governments and people of the fairs’’ and inserting ‘‘Assistant Secretary of United States and Japan share values, inter- SEC. 116. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON THE UNITED State for Oceans, Environment, and ests, and capabilities that have helped to STATES ALLIANCE WITH THE RE- Science’’. build a strong rules-based international PUBLIC OF KOREA. (b) PUBLIC LAW 88–206.—Section 617(a) of order, based on a commitment to rules, It is the sense of Congress that— the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7671p(a)) is norms and institutions; (1) the alliance between the United States amended by striking ‘‘Assistant Secretary of (5) the revised Guidelines for United and the Republic of Korea has served as an State for Oceans and International Environ- States-Japan Defense Cooperation and Ja- anchor for stability, security, and prosperity mental and Scientific Affairs’’ and inserting pan’s policy of ‘‘Proactive Contribution to on the Korean Peninsula, in the Asia-Pacific ‘‘Assistant Secretary of State for Oceans, Peace’’ will reinforce deterrence, update the Environment, and Science’’. region, and around the world; roles and missions of the United States and (2) the United States and the Republic of (c) PUBLIC LAW 93–126.—Section 9(a) of the Japan, enable Japan to expand its contribu- Korea continue to strengthen and adapt the Department of State Appropriations Author- tions to regional and global security, and bilateral, regional, and global scope of the ization Act of 1973 (22 U.S.C. 2655a) is amend- allow the United States Government and the comprehensive strategic alliance between ed— Government of Japan to enhance coopera- the 2 nations, to serve as a linchpin of peace (1) by striking ‘‘Bureau of Oceans and tion on security issues in the region and be- and stability in the Asia-Pacific region, rec- International Environmental and Scientific yond; Affairs’’ and inserting ‘‘Bureau of Oceans, (6) the United States remain resolute in its ognizing the shared values of democracy, Environment, and Science’’; and commitments under the Treaty of Mutual human rights, free and open markets, and (2) by striking ‘‘Assistant Secretary of Cooperation and Security to respond to any the rule of law, as reaffirmed in the May 2013 State for Oceans and International Environ- armed attack in the territories under the ad- ‘‘Joint Declaration in Commemoration of mental and Scientific Affairs’’ and inserting ministration of Japan; the 60th Anniversary of the Alliance between ‘‘Assistant Secretary of State for Oceans, (7) although the United States Government the Republic of Korea and the United States Environment, and Science’’. does not take a position on the ultimate sov- of America’’; (d) PUBLIC LAW 106–113.—Section 1112(a) of ereignty of the Senkaku Islands, the United (3) the United States and the Republic of the Admiral James W. Nance and Meg Dono- States Government acknowledges that they Korea continue to broaden and deepen the al- van Foreign Relations Authorization Act, are under the administration of Japan and liance by strengthening the combined de- Fiscal Years 2000 and 2001 (22 U.S.C. 2652c(a)) opposes any unilateral actions that would fense posture on the Korean Peninsula, en- is amended by striking ‘‘Verification and seek to undermine such administration; hancing mutual security based on the Repub- Compliance.’’ and inserting ‘‘Arms Control, (8) the United States Government reaf- lic of Korea-United States Mutual Defense Verification, and Compliance (referred to in firms that the unilateral actions of a third Treaty, and promoting cooperation for re- this section as the ‘Assistant Secretary’).’’. party will not affect the United States ac- gional and global security in the 21st cen- SEC. 112. ANTI-PIRACY INFORMATION SHARING. knowledgment of the administration of tury; The Secretary is authorized to provide for Japan over the Senkaku Islands; (4) the United States and the Republic of the participation of the United States in the (9) the United States Government and the Korea share deep concerns that the nuclear, Information Sharing Centre located in Government of Japan continue to work to- cyber, and ballistic missiles programs of Singapore, as established by the Regional gether on common security interests, includ- North Korea and its repeated provocations Cooperation Agreement on Combating Pi- ing to confront the threat posed by the nu- pose grave threats to peace and stability on racy and Armed Robbery Against Ships in the Korean Peninsula and Northeast Asia Asia, done at Singapore November 11, 2004. clear and ballistic missile programs of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea; and recognize that both nations are deter- SEC. 113. REPORT REFORM. (10) the United States Government and the mined to achieve the peaceful (a) HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT.—Section 549 of Government of Japan remain committed to denuclearization of North Korea and remain the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. ensuring maritime security and respect for fully committed to continuing close coopera- 2347h) is repealed. tion on the full range of issues related to (b) ROUGH DIAMONDS ANNUAL REPORT.— international law, including freedom of navi- North Korea; Section 12 of the Clean Diamond Trade Act gation and overflight; and (19 U.S.C. 3911) is amended to read as follows: (11) the United States Government and the (5) the United States and the Republic of Government of Japan continue to oppose the Korea are particularly concerned that the ‘‘SEC. 12. REPORTS. nuclear and ballistic missile programs of ‘‘For each country that, during the pre- use of coercion, intimidation, or force to ceding 12-month period, exported rough dia- change the status quo, including in the East North Korea, including North Korean efforts monds to the United States, the exportation and South China Seas. to miniaturize their nuclear technology and of which was not controlled through the SEC. 115. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON THE DEFENSE improve the mobility of their ballistic mis- Kimberley Process Certification Scheme, RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE siles, have gathered significant momentum and if the failure to do so has significantly UNITED STATES AND THE REPUBLIC and are poised to expand in the coming increased the likelihood that those diamonds OF INDIA. years; not so controlled are being imported into the (a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the fol- (6) the Republic of Korea has made United States, the President shall submit a lowing findings: progress in enhancing future warfighting and semi-annual report to Congress that explains (1) The United States has an upgraded, interoperability capabilities by taking steps what actions have been taken by the United strategic-plus relationship with India based toward procuring Patriot Advanced Capa- States or such country since the previous re- on regional cooperation, space science co- bility missiles, F–35 Joint Strike Fighter port to ensure that diamonds, the expor- operation, and defense cooperation. Aircraft, and RQ–4 Global Hawk Surveillance tation of which was not controlled through (2) The defense relationship between the Aircraft; the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme, United States and the Republic of India is (7) the United States supports the vision of are not being imported from that country strengthened by the common commitment of a Korean Peninsula free of nuclear weapons, into the United States. A country shall be both countries to democracy. free from the fear of war, and peacefully re- included in the report required under this (3) The United States and the Republic of united on the basis of democratic and free section until the country is controlling the India share a common and long-standing market principles, as articulated in Presi- importation and exportation of rough dia- commitment to civilian control of the mili- dent Park’s address in Dresden, Germany; monds through the Kimberley Process Cer- tary. and tification Scheme.’’. (4) The United States and the Republic of (8) the United States and the Republic of SEC. 114. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON THE UNITED India have increasingly worked together on Korea share the future interests of both na- STATES ALLIANCE WITH JAPAN. defense cooperation across a range of activi- tions in securing peace and stability on the It is the sense of Congress that— ties, exercises, initiatives, and research. Korean Peninsula and in Northeast Asia.

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In TIONSHIP BETWEEN THE UNITED prehensive strategy, with a classified annex prescribing the period of validity of a non- STATES AND TAIWAN. if necessary, relating to United States inter- immigrant visa in the case of nationals of It is the sense of the Congress that— national policy with regard to cyberspace. any foreign country who are eligible for such (1) the United States policy toward Taiwan (b) ELEMENTS.—The strategy required in visas, the Secretary of State shall, insofar as is based upon the Taiwan Relations Act subsection (a) shall include: practicable, accord to such nationals the (Public Law 96–8), which was enacted in 1979, (1) A review of actions and activities un- same treatment upon a reciprocal basis as and the Six Assurances given by President dertaken by the Secretary of State to date such foreign country accords to nationals of Ronald Reagan in 1982; to support the goal of the President’s Inter- the United States who are within a similar (2) provision of defensive weapons to Tai- national Strategy for Cyberspace, released in class, except that in the case of aliens who wan should continue as mandated in the Tai- May 2011, to ‘‘work internationally to pro- are nationals of a foreign country and who wan Relations Act; and mote an open, interoperable, secure, and reli- either are granted refugee status and firmly (3) enhanced trade relations with Taiwan able information and communications infra- resettled in another foreign country or are should be pursued to mutually benefit the structure that supports international trade granted permanent residence and residing in citizens of both countries. and commerce, strengthens international se- another foreign country, the Secretary of SEC. 118. REPORT ON POLITICAL FREEDOM IN curity, and fosters free expression and inno- State may prescribe the period of validity of VENEZUELA. vation’’. such a visa based upon the treatment grant- Not later than 90 days after the date of the (2) A plan of action to guide the Sec- ed by that other foreign country to alien ref- enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall retary’s diplomacy with regard to nation- submit a report to the appropriate congres- ugees and permanent residents, respectively, states, including conducting bilateral and sional committees that includes— in the United States. multilateral activities to develop the norms (1) an assessment of the support provided ‘‘(3) VISA REPLACEMENT.—An immigrant of responsible international behavior in by the United States to the people of Ven- visa may be replaced under the original num- cyberspace, and status review of existing dis- ezuela in their aspiration to live under con- ber during the fiscal year in which the origi- ditions of peace and representative democ- cussions in multilateral fora to obtain agree- nal visa was issued for an immigrant who es- racy (as defined by the Inter-American ments on international norms in cyberspace. tablishes to the satisfaction of the consular Democratic Charter of the Organization of (3) A review of the alternative concepts officer that the immigrant— American States, done at Lima September with regard to international norms in cyber- ‘‘(A) was unable to use the original immi- 11, 2001); space offered by other prominent nation- grant visa during the period of its validity (2) an assessment of work carried out by state actors, including China, Russia, Brazil, because of reasons beyond his control and for the United States, in cooperation with the and India. which he was not responsible; other member states of the Organization of (4) A detailed description of threats to ‘‘(B) is found by a consular officer to be eli- American States and countries of the Euro- United States national security in cyber- gible for an immigrant visa; and pean Union, to ensure— space from other nation-states, state-spon- ‘‘(C) pays again the statutory fees for an (A) the peaceful resolution of the current sored actors and private actors, to United application and an immigrant visa. political situation in Venezuela; and States Federal and private sector infrastruc- ‘‘(4) FEE WAIVER.—If an immigrant visa was (B) the immediate cessation of violence ture, United States intellectual property, issued, on or after March 27, 2013, for a child against antigovernment protestors; and the privacy of United States citizens. who has been lawfully adopted, or who is (3) a list of the government and security (5) A review of policy tools available to the coming to the United States to be adopted, officials in Venezuela who— President of United States to deter nation- by a United States citizen, any statutory im- (A) are responsible for, or complicit in, the states, state-sponsored actors, and private migrant visa fees relating to a renewal or re- use of force in relation to antigovernment actors, including, but not limited to, those placement of such visa may be waived or, if protests and similar acts of violence; and outlined in Executive Order 13694, released already paid, may be refunded upon request, (B) have had their financial assets in the on April 1, 2015. subject to such criteria as the Secretary of United States frozen or been placed on a visa (6) A review of resources required by the State may prescribe, if— ban by the United States; and Secretary, including the Office of the Coordi- ‘‘(A) the immigrant child was unable to use (4) an assessment of United States support nator for Cyber Issues, to conduct activities the original immigrant visa during the pe- for the development of democratic political to build responsible norms of international riod of its validity as a direct result of ex- processes and independent civil society in cyber behavior. traordinary circumstances, including the de- Venezuela. (c) CONSULTATION.—The Secretary shall nial of an exit permit; and consult with other United States Govern- SEC. 119. STRATEGY FOR THE MIDDLE EAST IN ‘‘(B) if such inability was attributable to THE EVENT OF A COMPREHENSIVE ment agencies, including the intelligence factors beyond the control of the adopting NUCLEAR AGREEMENT WITH IRAN. community, and, as appropriate, the United parent or parents and of the immigrant.’’. (a) STRATEGY REQUIRED.—The Secretary of States private sector, and United States non- SEC. 122. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON ANTI-ISRAEL State shall, in coordination with the Sec- governmental organizations with recognized AND ANTI-SEMITIC INCITEMENT retary of Defense, other members of the Na- credentials and expertise in foreign policy, WITHIN THE PALESTINIAN AUTHOR- tional Security Council, and the heads of national security, and cybersecurity. ITY. other appropriate departments and agencies (d) RELEASE.—The Secretary shall publicly (a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that the 1995 of the United States Government, develop a release the strategy required in subsection Interim Agreement on the West Bank and strategy for the United States for the Middle (a) and brief the Committee on Foreign Rela- the Gaza Strip, commonly referred to as Oslo East. tions of the Senate and the Committee on II, specifically details that Israel and the (b) ELEMENTS.—The strategy shall include Foreign Affairs of the House of Representa- Palestinian Authority shall ‘‘abstain from the following: tives upon its release, including on the clas- incitement, including hostile propaganda, (1) Efforts to counter Iranian-sponsored sified annex, should the strategy include against each other and, without derogating terrorism in Middle East region. such an annex. from the principle of freedom of expression, (2) Efforts to reassure United States allies SEC. 121. WAIVER OF FEES FOR RENEWAL OF IM- shall take legal measures to prevent such in- and partners in Middle East. MIGRANT VISA FOR ADOPTED CHILD citement by any organizations, groups or in- (3) Efforts to address the potential for a IN CERTAIN SITUATIONS. dividuals within their jurisdiction’’. conventional or nuclear arms race in the Section 221(c) of the Immigration and Na- (b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—Congress— Middle East. tionality Act (8 U.S.C. 1201(c)) is amended to (1) expresses support and admiration for in- (c) SUBMISSION TO CONGRESS.—Not later read as follows: dividuals and organizations working to en- than 60 days after the date of the enactment ‘‘(c) PERIOD OF VALIDITY; RENEWAL OR RE- courage cooperation between Israeli Jews of this Act, the Secretary shall submit the PLACEMENT.— and Palestinians, including— strategy developed under subsection (a) to— ‘‘(1) IMMIGRANT VISAS.—An immigrant visa (A) Professor Mohammed Dajani Daoudi, (1) the majority leader, the minority lead- shall be valid for such period, not exceeding who took students from al-Quds University er, the Committee on Armed Services, the 6 months, as shall be by regulations pre- in Jerusalem to visit Auschwitz in March Committee on Foreign Relations, and the Se- scribed, except that any visa issued to a 2014 only to return to death threats by fellow lect Committee on Intelligence of the Sen- child lawfully adopted by a United States Palestinians and expulsion from his teach- ate; and citizen and spouse while such citizen is serv- er’s union; (2) the Speaker, the majority leader, the ing abroad in the United States Armed (B) the Israel Palestine Center for Re- minority leader, the Committee on Armed Forces, or is employed abroad by the United search and Information, the only joint Services, the Committee on Foreign Affairs, States Government, or is temporarily abroad Israeli-Palestinian public policy think-tank, and the Permanent Select Committee on In- on business, shall be valid until such time, (C) United Hatzalah, a nonprofit, fully vol- telligence of the House of Representatives. for a period not to exceed 3 years, as the unteer Emergency Medical Services organi- SEC. 120. DEPARTMENT OF STATE INTER- adoptive citizen parent returns to the United zation that, mobilizing volunteers who are NATIONAL CYBERSPACE POLICY States in due course of his service, employ- religious or secular Jews, Arabs, Muslims, STRATEGY. ment, or business. and Christians, provides EMS services to all (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days ‘‘(2) NONIMMIGRANT VISAS.—A non- people in Israel regardless of race, religion, after the date of the enactment of this Act, immigrant visa shall be valid for such peri- or national origin; and

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(D) Breaking the Impasse, an apolitical annually for the following 3 years, the Sec- (c) SPECIFIED CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES initiative of Palestinian and Israeli business retary, in consultation with appropriate Fed- DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘speci- and civil society leaders who advocate for a eral officials, shall submit an unclassified re- fied congressional committees’’ means— two-state solution and an urgent diplomatic port, with a classified annex, to the Com- (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of solution to the conflict; mittee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, the Senate; (2) reiterates strong condemnation of anti- the Select Committee on Intelligence of the (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the Israel and anti-Semitic incitement in the Senate, the Committee on Foreign Affairs of House of Representatives; Palestinian Authority as antithetical to the the House of Representatives, and the Per- (3) the Committee on Armed Services of stated desire to achieve a just, lasting, and manent Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate; and comprehensive peace settlement; and the House of Representatives that contains a (4) the Committee on Armed Services of (3) urges President Abbas and Palestinian detailed analysis of— the House of Representatives. (1) the recent use of propaganda by the Authority officials to discontinue all official Subtitle B—Additional Matters incitement that runs contrary to the deter- Government of Russia, including— SEC. 131. ATROCITIES PREVENTION BOARD. mination to put an end to decades of con- (A) the forms of propaganda used, includ- (a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The President is au- frontation. ing types of media and programming; (B) the principal countries and regions tar- thorized to establish, within the Executive SEC. 123. SUPPORT FOR THE SOVEREIGNTY, Office of the President, an Interagency INDEPENDENCE, TERRITORIAL IN- geted by Russian propaganda; and TEGRITY, AND INVIOLABILITY OF (C) the impact of Russian propaganda on Atrocities Prevention Board (referred to in POST-SOVIET COUNTRIES IN LIGHT such targets; this section as the ‘‘Board’’). OF RUSSIAN AGGRESSION AND IN- (2) the response by United States allies, (b) DUTIES.—The Board is authorized— TERFERENCE. particularly European allies, to counter the (1) to coordinate an interagency approach It is the sense of Congress that Congress— threat of Russian propaganda; to preventing mass atrocities; (1) supports the sovereignty, independence, (3) the response by the United States to the (2) to propose policies to integrate the territorial integrity, and inviolability of threat of Russian propaganda; early warning systems of national security post-Soviet countries within their inter- (4) the extent of the effectiveness of pro- agencies, including intelligence agencies, nationally recognized borders; grams currently in use to counter Russian with respect to incidents of mass atrocities (2) expresses deep concern over increas- propaganda; and to coordinate the policy response to such ingly aggressive actions by the Russian Fed- (5) a strategy for improving the effective- incidents; eration; ness of such programs; (3) to identify relevant Federal agencies, (3) is committed to providing sufficient (6) any additional authority needed to which shall track and report on Federal funding for the Bureau of European and Eur- counter the threat of Russian propaganda; funding spent on atrocity prevention efforts; asian Affairs of the Department of State to and (4) to oversee the development and imple- address subversive and destabilizing activi- (7) the additional funding needed to suc- mentation of comprehensive atrocities pre- ties by the Russian Federation within post- cessfully implement the strategy referred to vention and response strategies; Soviet countries; in paragraph (5). (5) to identify available resources and pol- (4) supports robust engagement between SEC. 125. APPROVAL OF EXPORT LICENCES AND icy options necessary to prevent the emer- the United States and post-Soviet countries LETTERS OF REQUEST TO ASSIST gence or escalation of mass atrocities; through— THE GOVERNMENT OF UKRAINE. (6) to identify and propose policies to close (A) the promotion of strengthened people- (a) IN GENERAL.— gaps in expertise, readiness, and planning for to-people ties, including through educational (1) EXPORT LICENSE APPLICATIONS.— atrocities prevention and early action across and cultural exchange programs; (A) SUBMISSION TO CONGRESS.—The Sec- Federal agencies, including training for em- (B) anticorruption assistance; retary shall submit to the specified congres- ployees at relevant Federal agencies; (C) public diplomacy; sional committees a detailed list of all ex- (7) to engage relevant civil society and (D) economic diplomacy; and port license applications, including requests nongovernmental organization stakeholders (E) other democratic reform efforts; for marketing licenses, for the sale of de- in regular consultations to solicit current in- (5) encourages the President to further en- fense articles and defense services to formation on countries of concern; and hance nondefense cooperation and diplo- Ukraine. (8) to conduct an atrocity-specific expert matic engagement with post-Soviet coun- (B) CONTENTS.—The list submitted under review of policy and programming of all tries; subparagraph (A) shall include— countries at risk for mass atrocities. (6) condemns the subversive and desta- (i) the date on which the application or re- (c) LEADERSHIP.— bilizing activities undertaken by the Russian quest was first submitted; (1) IN GENERAL.—The Board shall be headed Federation within post-Soviet countries; (ii) the current status of each application by a Senior Director, who— (7) encourages enhanced cooperation be- or request; and (A) shall be appointed by the President; tween the United States and the European (iii) the estimated timeline for adjudica- and Union to promote greater Euro-Atlantic in- tion of such applications or requests. (B) shall report to the Assistant to the tegration, including through— (C) PRIORITY.—The Secretary should give President for National Security Affairs. (A) the enlargement of the European priority to processing the applications and (2) RESPONSIBILITIES.—The Senior Director Union; and requests included on the list submitted is authorized to have primary responsibility (B) the Open Door policy of the North At- under subparagraph (A). for— lantic Treaty Organization; (2) LETTERS OF REQUEST.—The Secretary (A) recommending and, if adopted, pro- (8) urges continued cooperation between shall submit to the specified congressional moting United States Government policies the United States and the European Union to committees a detailed list of all pending Let- on preventing mass atrocities; and maintain sanctions against the Russian Fed- ters of Request for Foreign Military Sales to (B) carrying out the duties described in eration until the Government of Russia Ukraine, including— subsection (b). has— (A) the date on which each such letter was (d) COMPOSITION.—The Board shall be com- (A) fully implemented all provisions of the first submitted; posed of— Minsk agreements, done at Minsk September (B) the current status of each such letter; (1) representatives from— 5, 2014 and February 12, 2015; and and (A) the Department of State; (B) demonstrated respect for the territorial (C) the estimated timeline for the adju- (B) the United States Agency for Inter- sovereignty of Ukraine; dication of each such letter. national Development; (9) calls on the member states of the Euro- (b) REPORTS.— (C) the Department of Defense; pean Union to extend the current sanctions (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 30 days (D) the Department of Justice; regime against the Russian Federation; and after the date of the enactment of this Act, (E) the Department of the Treasury; (10) urges the consideration of additional and every 90 days thereafter until the date (F) the Department of Homeland Security; sanctions if the Russian Federation continue set forth in paragraph (2), the Secretary (G) the Central Intelligence Agency; to engage in subversive and destabilizing ac- shall submit a report to the specified con- (H) the Office of the Director of National tivities within post-Soviet countries. gressional committees that describes the Intelligence; SEC. 124. RUSSIAN PROPAGANDA REPORT. status of the applications, requests for mar- (I) the United States Mission to the United (a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of keting licenses, and Letters of Request de- Nations; and Congress that— scribed in subsection (a). (J) the Federal Bureau of Investigation; (1) the Russian Federation is waging a (2) TERMINATION DATE.—The date set forth and propaganda war against the United States in this paragraph is the earlier of— (2) such other individuals as the President and our allies; and (A) the date on which the President cer- may appoint. (2) a successful strategy must be imple- tifies to Congress that the sovereignty and (e) COORDINATION.—The Board is authorized mented to counter the threat posed by Rus- territorial integrity of the Government of to coordinate with relevant officials and gov- sian propaganda. Ukraine has been restored; or ernment agencies responsible for foreign pol- (b) REPORT.—Not later than 120 days after (B) the date that is 5 years after the date icy with respect to particular regions and the date of the enactment of this Act, and of the enactment of this Act. countries to help provide a cohesive, whole

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of government response and policy direction (c) CONSULTATION.—The Secretary, as ap- containing an assessment of the current ex- to emerging and ongoing atrocities. propriate, shall consult with— ternal debt environment for developing (f) REPORT.—Not later than 90 days after (1) other United States Government agen- countries and identifying particular near- the date of the enactment of this Act, the cies; and term risks to debt sustainability to— President shall submit to the appropriate (2) independent, nongovernmental organi- (1) the appropriate congressional commit- congressional committees a classified report, zations with recognized credentials and ex- tees; with an unclassified annex, which shall in- pertise in foreign policy, national security, (2) the Committee on Banking, Housing, clude— and international economic affairs that have and Urban Affairs of the Senate; and (1) an update on the interagency review access to policy experts throughout the (3) the Committee on Financial Services of mandated by Presidential Study Directive 10 United States and from the Indo-Pacific re- the House of Representatives. that includes— gion. (b) CONTENTS.—The report submitted under (A) an evaluation of current mechanisms SEC. 133. JOINT ACTION PLAN TO COMBAT PREJ- subsection (a) shall assess— and capacities for government-wide detec- UDICE AND DISCRIMINATION AND (1) the impact of new lending relationships, tion, early warning, information-sharing, TO FOSTER INCLUSION. including the role of new creditors; contingency planning, and coordination of (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary is author- (2) the adequacy of current multilateral efforts to prevent and respond to situations ized to enter into a bilateral joint action surveillance mechanisms in guarding against of genocide, mass atrocities, and other mass plan with the European Union to combat debt distress in developing countries; violence, including such mass gender- and prejudice and discrimination and to foster (3) the ability of developing countries to ethnicity-based violence; inclusion (referred to in this section as the borrow on global capital markets; and (B) an assessment of the funding spent by ‘‘Joint Action Plan’’). (4) the interaction between debt sustain- relevant Federal agencies on atrocity pre- (b) CONTENTS OF JOINT ACTION PLAN.—The ability objectives of the developing world vention activities; Joint Action Plan shall— and the development-oriented investment (C) current annual global assessments of (1) address anti-Semitism; agenda of the G–20, including the impact of— sources of conflict and instability; (2) address prejudice against, and the dis- (A) current debt sustainability objectives (D) recommendations to further strengthen criminatory treatment of, racial, ethnic, and on investment in developing countries; and United States capabilities to improve the religious minorities; (B) investment objectives proposed by the mechanisms described in subparagraph (A); (3) promote equality of opportunity for ac- G–20 on the ability to meet the goals of— and cess to quality education and economic op- (i) the Heavily Indebted Poor Country Ini- (E) evaluations of the various approaches portunities; and tiative; and to enhancing capabilities and improving the (4) promote equal treatment by the justice (ii) the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative. mechanisms described in subparagraph (A); system. SEC. 135. UNITED STATES STRATEGY TO PRE- (2) recommendations to ensure burden (c) COOPERATION.—In developing the Joint VENT AND RESPOND TO GENDER- sharing by— Action Plan, the Secretary shall— BASED VIOLENCE GLOBALLY. (A) improving international cooperation (1) leverage interagency policy expertise in (a) GLOBAL STRATEGY REQUIREMENT.—Not and coordination to enhance multilateral the United States and Europe; later than 180 days after the date of the en- mechanisms for preventing genocide and (2) develop partnerships among civil soci- actment of this Act, and biennially there- atrocities, including improving the role of ety and private sector stakeholders; and after for 6 years, the Secretary of State shall regional and international organizations in (3) draw upon the extensive work done by develop or update a United States global conflict prevention, mitigation, and re- the Organization for Security and Co-oper- strategy to prevent and respond to violence sponse; and ation in Europe to address anti-Semitism. against women and girls. The strategy shall (B) strengthening regional organizations; (d) INITIATIVES.—The Joint Action Plan be transmitted to the appropriate congres- and may include initiatives for promoting equal- sional committees and made publicly avail- (3) the implementation status of the rec- ity of opportunity and methods of elimi- able on the Internet. ommendations contained in the interagency nating prejudice and discrimination based on (b) INITIAL STRATEGY.—For the purposes of review described in paragraph (1). religion, race, or ethnicity, including— this section, the ‘‘United States Strategy to (g) MATERIALS AND BRIEFINGS.—The Senior (1) training programs; Prevent and Respond to Gender-Based Vio- Director and the members of the Board shall (2) regional initiatives to promote equality lence Globally’’, issued in August 2012, shall brief the Committee on Foreign Relations of of opportunity through the strengthening of be deemed to fulfill the initial requirement the Senate and the Committee on Foreign democratic institutions; of subsection (a). Affairs of the House of Representatives at (3) public-private partnerships with enter- (c) COLLABORATION AND COORDINATION.—In least annually. prises and nongovernmental organizations; developing the strategy under subsection (a), (h) SUNSET.—This section shall cease to be (4) exchanges of technical experts; the Secretary of State shall consult with— effective on June 30, 2017. (5) scholarships and fellowships; and (1) the heads of relevant Federal agencies; SEC. 132. UNITED STATES ENGAGEMENT IN THE (6) political empowerment and leadership (2) the Senior Policy Operating Group on INDO-PACIFIC. initiatives. Trafficking in Persons; and (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days (e) DEPUTY ASSISTANT SECRETARY.—The (3) representatives of civil society and mul- after the date of the enactment of this Act, Secretary shall task an existing Deputy As- tilateral organizations with demonstrated the Secretary of State shall submit a com- sistant Secretary with the responsibility for experience in addressing violence against prehensive assessment to the Chairmen and coordinating the implementation of the women and girls or promoting gender equal- Ranking Members of the Committee on For- Joint Action Plan with his or her European ity internationally. eign Relations of the Senate and the Com- Union counterpart. (d) PRIORITY COUNTRY SELECTION.—To fur- mittee on Foreign Affairs of the House of (f) LEGAL EFFECTS.—Any Joint Action ther the objectives of the strategy described Representatives of the United States engage- Plan adopted under this section— in subsection (a), the Secretary shall iden- ment in the Indo-Pacific, including with (1) shall not be legally binding; and tify no less than 4 eligible low-income and partners across the Indo-Pacific region. (2) shall create no rights or obligations lower-middle income countries with signifi- (b) ELEMENTS.—The assessment submitted under international or United States law. cant levels of violence against women and under subsection (a) shall include— (g) RULES OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in girls, including within displaced commu- (1) a review of current and emerging this section may be construed to authorize— nities, that have the governmental or non- United States diplomatic, national security, (1) the Secretary to enter into a legally governmental organizational capacity to and economic interests and trends in the binding agreement or Joint Action Plan with manage and implement gender-based vio- Indo-Pacific region; the European Union; or lence prevention and response program ac- (2) a review of resources devoted to United (2) any additional appropriations for the tivities and should, when possible, be geo- States diplomatic, economic, trade, develop- purposes and initiatives described in this graphically, ethnically, and culturally di- ment, and cultural engagement and plans in section. verse from one another. the Indo-Pacific region during the 10-year pe- (h) PROGRESS REPORT.—Not later than 180 (e) COUNTRY PLANS.—In each country iden- riod ending on the date of the enactment of days after the date of the enactment of this tified under subsection (d) the Secretary this Act; Act, the Secretary shall submit a progress shall develop comprehensive, multisectoral, (3) options for the realignment of United report on the development of the Joint Ac- and holistic individual country plans de- States engagement in the Indo-Pacific re- tion Plan to the Committee on Foreign Rela- signed to address and respond to violence gion to respond to new opportunities and tions of the Senate and the Committee on against women and girls that include— challenges, including linking United States Foreign Affairs of the House of Representa- (1) an assessment and description of the strategy more broadly across the Indo-Pa- tives. current or potential capacity of the govern- cific region; and SEC. 134. REPORT ON DEVELOPING COUNTRY ment of each identified country and civil so- (4) the views of noted policy leaders and re- DEBT SUSTAINABILITY. ciety organizations in each such identified gional experts, including leaders and experts (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days country to address and respond to violence in the Indo-Pacific region, on the opportuni- after the date of the enactment of this Act, against women and girls; ties and challenges to United States engage- the Secretary, in coordination with the Sec- (2) an identification of coordination mech- ment across the Indo-Pacific region. retary of Treasury, shall submit a report anisms with Federal agencies that—

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00082 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.074 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2585 (A) have existing programs relevant to the (1) publish the Country Report on Corrup- (3) describe the interagency cooperation, strategy; tion and Accountability submitted under and preparedness of relevant Federal assets, (B) will be involved in new program activi- subsection (a) on the website of the Depart- and the infrastructure, budget plan, and ties; and ment; and other elements of the diplomacy and devel- (C) are engaged in broader United States (2) brief the Committee on Foreign Rela- opment policies and programs of the United strategies around development; tions of the Senate and the Committee on States required to execute successfully the (3) a description of the monitoring and Foreign Affairs of the House of Representa- full range of mission priorities outlined evaluation mechanisms established for each tives on the information contained in the re- under paragraph (2); identified country, and their intended use in port published under paragraph (1). (4) describe the roles of international orga- assessing overall progress in prevention and SEC. 137. QUADRENNIAL DIPLOMACY AND DEVEL- nizations and multilateral institutions in ad- response; OPMENT REVIEW. vancing United States diplomatic and devel- (4) a projection of the general levels of re- (a) REQUIREMENT.— opment objectives, including the mecha- sources needed to achieve the stated objec- (1) QUADRENNIAL REVIEWS REQUIRED.— nisms for coordinating and harmonizing de- tives in each identified country, including an Under the direction of the President, the velopment policies and programs with part- accounting of— Secretary of State shall every 4 years, dur- ner countries and among donors; (A) activities and funding already ex- ing a year following a year evenly divisible (5) identify the budget plan required to pended by the Department of State, the by 4, conduct a review of United States di- provide sufficient resources to successfully United States Agency for International De- plomacy and development (to be known as a execute the full range of mission priorities velopment, other Federal agencies, donor ‘‘quadrennial diplomacy and development re- outlined under paragraph (2); country governments, and multilateral insti- (6) include an assessment of the organiza- view’’). tutions; and tional alignment of the Department of State (2) SCOPE OF REVIEWS.—Each quadrennial (B) leveraged private sector resources; and and the United States Agency for Inter- diplomacy and development review shall be a (5) strategies, as appropriate, designed to national Development with the national di- comprehensive examination of the national accommodate the needs of stateless, dis- plomacy and development policy and stra- diplomacy and development policy and stra- abled, internally displaced, refugee, or reli- tegic framework referred to in paragraph (1) tegic framework of the United States for the gious or ethnic minority women and girls. and the diplomacy and development mission next 4-year period until a subsequent review (f) REPORT ON PRIORITY COUNTRY SELECTION priorities outlined under paragraph (2); is due under paragraph (1). The review shall AND COUNTRY PLANS.—Not more than 90 days (7) review and assess the effectiveness of include— after selection of the priority countries re- the management mechanisms of the Depart- quired under subsection (d), and annually (A) recommendations regarding the long- ment of State and the United States Agency thereafter, the Secretary of State shall sub- term diplomacy and development policy and for International Development for executing mit to the appropriate congressional com- strategic framework of the United States; the strategic priorities outlined in the quad- mittees a report detailing the priority coun- (B) priorities of the United States for di- rennial diplomacy and development review, try selection process, the development of plomacy and development; and including the extent to which such effective- specific country plans, and include an over- (C) guidance on the related programs, as- ness has been enhanced since the previous re- view of all programming and specific activi- sets, capabilities, budget, policies, and au- port; and ties being undertaken, the budget resources thorities of the Department of State and (8) the relationship between the require- requested, and the specific activities to be United States Agency for International De- ments of the quadrennial diplomacy and de- supported by each Executive agency under velopment. velopment review and the acquisition strat- the strategy if such resources are provided. (3) CONSULTATION.—In conducting each egy and expenditure plan within the Depart- (g) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in quadrennial diplomacy and development re- ment of State and the United States Agency this section may be construed to authorize view, after consultation with Department of for International Development. any additional appropriations for the pur- State and United States Agency for Inter- (c) FOREIGN AFFAIRS POLICY BOARD RE- poses and initiatives of this section. national Development officials, the Sec- VIEW.—The Secretary of State should apprise SEC. 136. INTERNATIONAL CORRUPTION AND AC- retary of State should consult with— the Foreign Affairs Policy Board on an ongo- COUNTABILITY. (A) the heads of other relevant Federal ing basis of the work undertaken in the con- (a) ANNUAL REPORT.—Not later than June 1 agencies, including the Secretary of Defense, duct of the quadrennial diplomacy and devel- of each year, the Secretary, in consultation the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary opment review. with the Administrator of the United States of Homeland Security, the Attorney General, (d) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in Agency for International Development (re- the Secretary of Health and Human Services, this section may be construed to authorize ferred to in this section as the ‘‘USAID Ad- the Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary any additional appropriations for the pur- ministrator’’), the Secretary of Defense, and of Commerce, the Chief Executive Officer of poses and initiatives under this section. the heads of appropriate intelligence agen- the Millennium Challenge Corporation, and SEC. 138. DISAPPEARED PERSONS IN MEXICO, cies, shall submit to the appropriate congres- the Director of National Intelligence; GUATEMALA, HONDURAS, AND EL sional committees a Country Report on Cor- (B) any other Federal agency that provides SALVADOR. ruption Practices, with a classified annex, foreign assistance, including at a minimum (a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the fol- which shall include information about coun- the Export-Import Bank of the United States lowing findings: tries for which a corruption analysis was and the Overseas Private Investment Cor- (1) The United States— conducted under subsection (b). poration; (A) values governance, security, and the (b) CORRUPTION ANALYSIS ELEMENTS.—The rule of law in Mexico and Central America; corruption analysis conducted under this (C) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the and subsection should include, among other ele- (B) has reemphasized its commitment to Senate and the Committee on Foreign Af- ments— this region following the humanitarian crisis fairs and the Committee on Appropriations (1) an analysis of individuals and associa- of unaccompanied children from these coun- of the House of Representatives and, as ap- tions that comprise corruption networks in tries across the international border between propriate, other members of Congress; and the country, including, as applicable— the United States and Mexico in 2014. (D) other relevant governmental and non- (A) government officials; (2) Individuals migrating from Central governmental entities, including private sec- (B) private sector actors; America to the United States face great peril tor representatives, academics, and other (C) criminals; and during their journey. Many go missing along policy experts. (D) members of illegal armed groups; the way and are often never heard from (2) the identification of the state functions (b) CONTENTS OF REVIEW.—Each quadren- again. that have been captured by corrupt networks nial diplomacy and development review (b) REPORT OF DISAPPEARED PERSONS.—Not in the country, including, as applicable func- shall— later than 180 days after the date of the en- tions of— (1) delineate, as appropriate, the national actment of this Act, and annually thereafter, (A) the judicial branch; diplomacy and development policy and stra- the Secretary, in close consultation with the (B) the taxing authority; tegic framework of the United States, con- Administrator of the Drug Enforcement (C) the central bank; and sistent with appropriate national, Depart- Agency, the Secretary of Homeland Secu- (D) specific military or police units; ment of State, and United States Agency for rity, the Director of the Federal Bureau of (3) the identification of— International Development strategies, stra- Investigation, and the heads of other rel- (A) the key economic activities, whether tegic plans, and relevant presidential direc- evant Federal agencies, shall submit a report licit or illicit, which are dominated by mem- tives, including the national security strat- to the Committee on Foreign Relations of bers of the corrupt network; and egy prescribed pursuant to section 108 of the the Senate and the Committee on Foreign (B) other revenue streams that enrich such National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 404a); Affairs of the House of Representatives that members; and (2) outline and prioritize the full range of includes— (4) the identification of enablers of corrupt critical national diplomacy and development (1) the number of cases of enforced dis- practices, within the country and outside the areas, capabilities, and resources, including appearances in Mexico, Guatemala, Hon- country. those implemented across agencies, and ad- duras, and El Salvador; (c) PUBLICATION AND BRIEFINGS.—The Sec- dress the full range of challenges confronting (2) an assessment of causes for the dis- retary shall— the United States in this regard; appearances described in paragraph (1);

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00083 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.074 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2586 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 (3) the primary individuals and groups re- (5) On September 6, 2007, as part of ‘‘Oper- size and sophistication of its ballistic missile sponsible for such disappearances; and ation Orchard’’, the Israeli Air Force de- forces, ranging from close-range ballistic (4) the official government response in stroyed the suspected nuclear facility in missiles to ICBMs, while continuing to con- those countries to account for such dis- Syria. duct test launches. In 2014, North Korea appeared persons. (6) According to the 2014 DoD report, launched an unprecedented number of bal- SEC. 139. REPORT ON IMPLEMENTATION BY THE ‘‘North Korea has exported conventional and listic missiles.’’. GOVERNMENT OF BAHRAIN OF REC- ballistic missile-related equipment, compo- (18) On December 19, 2015, the Federal Bu- OMMENDATIONS FROM THE BAH- nents, materials, and technical assistance to reau of Investigation declared that the RAIN INDEPENDENT COMMISSION countries in Africa, Asia, and the Middle DPRK was responsible for a cyberattack on OF INQUIRY. East.’’. Sony Pictures conducted on November 24, (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 60 days (7) On November 29, 1987, DPRK agents 2014. after the date of the enactment of this Act, planted explosive devices onboard Korean (19) From 1988 to 2008, the DPRK was des- the Secretary shall submit an unclassified Air flight 858, which killed all 115 passengers ignated by the United States Government as report to the appropriate congressional com- and crew on board. a state sponsor of terrorism. mittees that describes the implementation (8) On March 26, 2010, the DPRK fired upon (20) The DPRK is currently in violation of by the Government of Bahrain of the rec- and sank the South Korean warship United Nations Security Council Resolutions ommendations contained in the 2011 Report Cheonan, killing 46 of her crew. 1695 (2006), 1718 (2006), 1874 (2009), 2087 (2013), of the Bahrain Independent Commission of (9) On November 23, 2010, the DPRK shelled and 2094 (2013). Inquiry (referred to in this section as the South Korea’s Yeonpyeong Island, killing 4 (21) The DPRK repeatedly violated agree- ‘‘Bahrain Report’’). South Korean citizens. ments with the United States and the other (b) CONTENT.—The report required under (10) On February 7, 2014, the United Na- so-called Six-Party Talks partners (the Re- subsection (a) shall include— tions Commission of Inquiry on human public of Korea, Japan, the Russian Federa- (1) a description of the specific steps taken rights in DPRK (in this subsection referred tion, and the People’s Republic of China) de- by the Government of Bahrain to implement to as the ‘‘Commission of Inquiry’’) released signed to halt its nuclear weapons program, each of the 26 recommendations contained in a report detailing the atrocious human while receiving significant concessions, in- the Bahrain Report; rights record of the DPRK. cluding fuel, oil, and food aid. (2) an assessment of whether the Govern- (11) Dr. Michael Kirby, Chair of the Com- (22) The Six-Party Talks have not been ment of Bahrain has ‘‘fully complied with’’, mission of Inquiry, stated on March 17, 2014, held since December 2008. ‘‘partially implemented’’, or ‘‘not meaning- ‘‘The Commission of Inquiry has found sys- (23) On May 9, 2015, the DPRK claimed that fully implemented’’ each recommendation tematic, widespread, and grave human rights it has test-fired a ballistic missile from a referred to in paragraph (1); and violations occurring in the Democratic Peo- submarine. (3) an assessment of the impact of the find- ple’s Republic of Korea. It has also found a ings in the Bahrain Report for the United disturbing array of crimes against humanity. (b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of States security posture in the Arab Gulf and These crimes are committed against inmates Congress that— the area of responsibility of the United of political and other prison camps; against (1) the DPRK represents a serious threat to States Central Command. starving populations; against religious be- the national security of the United States and United States allies in East Asia and to SEC. 140. REPORT ON UNITED STATES HUMANI- lievers; against persons who try to flee the TARIAN ASSISTANCE TO HAITI AND country—including those forcibly repatri- international peace and stability, and gross- WHETHER RECENT ELECTIONS IN ated by China.’’. ly violates the human rights of its own peo- HAITI MEET INTERNATIONAL ELEC- (12) Dr. Michael Kirby also stated, ‘‘These ple; TION STANDARDS. crimes arise from policies established at the (2) the Secretary of State and the Sec- (a) REAUTHORIZATION.—Section 5(a) of the highest level of the State. They have been retary of the Treasury should impose addi- Assessing Progress in Haiti Act of 2014 (22 committed, and continue to take place in the tional sanctions against the DPRK, includ- U.S.C. 2151 note) is amended by striking ‘‘De- Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, be- ing targeting its financial assets around the cember 31, 2017’’ and inserting ‘‘December 31, cause the policies, institutions, and patterns world, specific designations relating to 2022’’. of impunity that lie at their heart remain in human rights abuses, and a redesignation of (b) REPORT.—Section 5(b) of the Assessing place. The gravity, scale, duration, and na- the DPRK as a state sponsor of terror; and Progress in Haiti Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 2151 ture of the unspeakable atrocities com- (3) the President should not resume the ne- note) is amended— mitted in the country reveal a totalitarian gotiations with the DPRK, either bilaterally (1) in paragraph (12), by striking ‘‘and’’ at State that does not have any parallel in the or as part of the Six-Party Talks, without the end; contemporary world.’’. strict preconditions, including that the (2) in paragraph (13), by striking the period (13) The Commission of Inquiry also notes, DPRK— at the end and inserting a semicolon; and ‘‘Since 1950, the Democratic People’s Repub- (A) adhere to its denuclearization commit- (3) by adding at the end the following: lic of Korea has engaged in the systematic ments outlined in the 2005 Joint Statement ‘‘(14) a determination of whether recent abduction, denial of repatriation, and subse- of the Six-Party Talks; Haitian elections are free, fair and respon- quent enforced disappearance of persons (B) commit to halting its ballistic missile sive to the people of Haiti; and from other countries on a large scale and as programs and its proliferation activities; ‘‘(15) a description of any attempts to dis- a matter of State policy. Well over 200,000 (C) cease military provocations; and qualify candidates for political officers in persons, including children, who were (D) measurably and significantly improve Haiti for political reasons.’’. brought from other countries to the Demo- its human rights record. cratic People’s Republic of Korea may have SEC. 141. SENSE OF CONGRESS WITH RESPECT TITLE II—ORGANIZATION AND PER- TO THE IMPOSITION OF ADDITIONAL become victims of enforced disappearance,’’ SANCTIONS AGAINST THE DEMO- and states that the DPRK has failed to ac- SONNEL OF THE DEPARTMENT OF CRATIC PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF count or address this injustice in any way. STATE KOREA. (14) According to reports and analysis from Subtitle A—Organizational Matters (a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the fol- organizations such as the International Net- lowing findings: work for the Human Rights of North Korean SEC. 201. RIGHTSIZING ACCOUNTABILITY. (1) The Democratic People’s Republic of Overseas Labor, the Korea Policy Research Korea (in this section referred to as the Center, NK Watch, the Asian Institute for (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 60 days ‘‘DPRK’’) tested nuclear weapons on 3 sepa- Policy Studies, the Center for International after receiving rightsizing recommendations rate occasions, in October 2006, in May 2009, and Strategic Studies, and the George W. pursuant to a review conducted by the Office and in February 2013. Bush Institute, there may currently be as of Management, Policy, Rightsizing, and In- (2) Nuclear experts have reported that the many as 100,000 North Korean overseas labor- novation relating to overseas staffing levels DPRK may currently have as many as 20 nu- ers in various nations around the world. at United States overseas posts, the relevant clear warheads and has the potential to pos- (15) Such forced North Korean laborers are chief of mission, in coordination with the sess as many as 100 warheads within the next often subjected to harsh working conditions relevant regional bureau, shall submit a re- 5 years. under the direct supervision of DPRK offi- sponse to the Office of Management, Policy, (3) According to the 2014 Department of De- cials, and their salaries contribute to any- Rightsizing, and Innovation that describes— fense report, ‘‘Military and Security Devel- where from $150,000,000 to $230,000,000 a year (1) any rightsizing recommendations that opments Involving the Democratic People’s to the DPRK state coffers. are accepted by such chief of mission and re- Republic of Korea’’ (in this subsection re- (16) According to the Director of National gional bureau; ferred to as the ‘‘2014 DoD report’’), the Intelligence’s 2015 Worldwide Threat Assess- (2) a detailed schedule for implementation DPRK has proliferated nuclear technology to ment, ‘‘North Korea’s nuclear weapons and of any such recommendations; Libya via the proliferation network of Paki- missile programs pose a serious threat to the (3) any recommendations that are rejected; stani scientist A.Q. Khan. United States and to the security environ- and (4) According to the 2014 DoD report, ment in East Asia.’’. (4) a detailed justification providing the ‘‘North Korea also provided Syria with nu- (17) The Worldwide Threat Assessment basis for the rejection of any such rec- clear reactor technology until 2007.’’. states, ‘‘North Korea has also expanded the ommendations.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00084 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.074 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2587

(b) ANNUAL REPORT.—On the date on which SEC. 203. REVIEW OF BUREAU OF AFRICAN AF- (E) which current official within the De- the President’s annual budget request is sub- FAIRS AND BUREAU OF NEAR EAST- partment would be assigned the responsibil- mitted to Congress, the Secretary shall sub- ERN AFFAIRS JURISDICTIONS. ities of the position in the absence of the po- mit an annual report to the appropriate con- (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days sition; gressional committees that describes the after the date of the enactment of this Act, (F) to which current official within the De- status of all rightsizing recommendations the Secretary shall— partment the position directly reports; and responses described in subsection (a) (1) conduct a review of the jurisdictional (G) the total number of staff assigned to from the preceding 5 years, including— responsibility of the Bureau of African Af- support the position; and (1) a list of all such rightsizing rec- fairs and that of the Bureau of Near Eastern (H) with the exception of those created by ommendations made, including whether each Affairs relating to the North African coun- statute, a detailed explanation of the neces- such recommendation was accepted or re- tries of Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and sity of the position to the effective conduct jected by the relevant chief of mission and Libya; and of the foreign affairs of the United States. regional bureau; (2) submit a report to the appropriate con- SEC. 205. CONFLICT PREVENTION, MITIGATION (2) for each accepted recommendation, a gressional committees that includes— AND RESOLUTION, AND THE INCLU- detailed description of the current status of (A) the findings of the review conducted SION AND PARTICIPATION OF its implementation according to the sched- under paragraph (1); and WOMEN. ule provided pursuant to subsection (a)(2), (B) recommendations on whether jurisdic- Section 704 of the Foreign Service Act of including an explanation for any departure tional responsibility among the bureaus re- 1980 (22 U.S.C. 4024) is amended by adding at from, or changes to, such schedule; and ferred to in paragraph (1) should be adjusted. the end the following: ‘‘(e) The Secretary, in conjunction with (3) for any rejected recommendations, the (b) REVIEW.—The review conducted under the Administrator of the United States justification provided pursuant to subsection subsection (a)(1) shall— Agency for International Development, shall (a)(4). (1) identify regional strategic priorities; ensure that all appropriate personnel, re- (2) assess regional dynamics between the (c) REPORT ON REGIONAL BUREAU STAFF- sponsible for, or deploying to, countries or North Africa and Sub-Saharan Africa re- ING.—In conjunction with each report re- regions considered to be at risk of, under- quired under subsection (b), the Secretary gions, including the degree to which the pri- going, or emerging from violent conflict, in- shall submit a supplemental report to the orities identified pursuant to paragraph (1)— cluding special envoys, members of medi- appropriate congressional committees that (A) are distinct between each such region; ation or negotiation teams, relevant mem- includes— or bers of the civil service or foreign service, (1) an enumeration of the domestic staff (B) have similar application across such re- and contractors, obtain training, as appro- positions in each regional bureau of the De- gions; priate, in the following areas, each of which partment; (3) identify current priorities and effective- shall include a focus on women and ensuring (2) a detailed explanation of the extent to ness of United States Government regional women’s meaningful inclusion and participa- which the staffing of each regional bureau engagement in North Africa and Sub-Saha- tion: reflects the overseas requirements of the ran Africa, including through security as- ‘‘(1) Conflict prevention, mitigation, and United States within each such region; sistance, economic assistance, humanitarian resolution. (3) a detailed plan, including an implemen- assistance, and trade; ‘‘(2) Protecting civilians from violence, ex- tation schedule, for how the Department will (4) assess the degree to which such engage- ploitation, and trafficking in persons. seek to rectify any significant imbalances in ment is— ‘‘(3) International human rights law and staffing among regional bureaus or between (A) inefficient, duplicative, or uncoordi- international humanitarian law.’’. any regional bureau and the overseas re- nated between the North Africa and Sub-Sa- SEC. 206. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SYSTEM quirements of the United States within such haran Africa regions; or SECURITY. region if the Secretary determines that such (B) otherwise harmed or limited as a result (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall regu- staffing does not reflect— of the current division of jurisdictional re- larly consult with the Director of the Na- (A) the foreign policy priorities of the sponsibilities; tional Security Agency and any other de- United States; or (5) assess the overall coherence and effec- partments or agencies the Secretary deter- (B) the effective conduct of the foreign af- tiveness of the current division of jurisdic- mines to be appropriate regarding the secu- fairs of the United States; and tional responsibilities in Africa between the rity of United States Government and non- (4) a detailed description of the implemen- Bureau of African Affairs and the Bureau of government information technology systems tation status of any plan provided pursuant Near Eastern Affairs, including with regard and networks owned, operated, managed, or to paragraph (3), including an explanation to coordination with other United States de- utilized by the Department, including any for any departure from, or changes to, the partments or agencies; and such systems or networks facilitating the implementation schedule provided with such (6) assess any opportunities and costs of use of sensitive or classified information. plan. transferring jurisdictional responsibility of (b) CONSULTATION.—In performing the con- sultations required under subsection (a), the SEC. 202. INTEGRATION OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia and Libya from POLICY. the Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs to the Secretary shall make all such systems and networks available to the Director of the Na- (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, in con- Bureau of African Affairs. tional Security Agency and any other such junction with the Under Secretary of Eco- SEC. 204. SPECIAL ENVOYS, REPRESENTATIVES, departments or agencies to carry out such nomic Growth, Energy, and the Environ- ADVISORS, AND COORDINATORS. tests and procedures as are necessary to en- ment, shall establish— Not later than 90 days after the date of the sure adequate policies and protections are in (1) foreign economic policy priorities for enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall place to prevent penetrations or com- each regional bureau, including for indi- submit a report to the appropriate congres- promises of such systems and networks, in- vidual countries, as appropriate; and sional committees on special envoys, rep- cluding by malicious intrusions by any unau- (2) policies and guidance for integrating resentatives, advisors, and coordinators of thorized individual or state actor or other such foreign economic policy priorities the Department, which shall include— entity. throughout the Department. (1) a tabulation of the current names, (c) SECURITY BREACH REPORTING.—Not (b) DEPUTY ASSISTANT SECRETARY.—Within ranks, positions, and responsibilities of all later than 180 days after the date of the en- each regional bureau of the Department, the special envoy, representative, advisor, and actment of this Act, and every 180 days Secretary shall task an existing Deputy As- coordinator positions at the Department, thereafter, the Secretary, in consultation sistant Secretary with appropriate training with a separate accounting of all such posi- with the Director of the National Security and background in economic and commercial tions at the level of Assistant Secretary (or Agency and any other departments or agen- affairs with the responsibility for economic equivalent) or above; and cies the Secretary determines to be appro- matters and interests within the responsibil- (2) for each position identified pursuant to priate, shall submit a report to the appro- ities of such regional bureau, including the paragraph (1)— priate congressional committees and to the integration of the foreign economic policy (A) the date on which the position was cre- Select Committee on Intelligence of the Sen- priorities established pursuant to subsection ated; ate and the Permanent Select Committee on (a). (B) the mechanism by which the position Intelligence of the House of Representatives (c) COORDINATION.—The Deputy Assistant was created, including the authority under that describes in detail— Secretary given the responsibility for eco- which the position was created; (1) all known or suspected penetrations or nomic matters and interests pursuant to (C) the positions authorized under section compromises of the systems or networks de- subsection (b) within each bureau shall— 1(d) of the State Department Basic Authori- scribed in subsection (a) facilitating the use (1) at the direction of the relevant Assist- ties Act of 1956 (22 U.S.C. 2651a(d)); of classified information; and ant Secretary, review and report to the As- (D) a description of whether, and the ex- (2) all known or suspected significant pene- sistant Secretary of such bureau on all eco- tent to which, the responsibilities assigned trations or compromises of any other such nomic matters and interests; and to the position duplicate the responsibilities systems and networks that occurred since (2) serve as liaison with the Office of the of other current officials within the Depart- the submission of the prior report. Under Secretary for Economic Growth, En- ment, including other special envoys, rep- (d) CONTENT.—Each report submitted under ergy, and the Environment. resentatives, and advisors; subsection (c) shall include—

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00085 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.074 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2588 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 (1) a description of the relevant informa- ‘‘(C) the Department of Justice, including evaluation of all public diplomacy programs tion technology system or network pene- the Federal Bureau of Investigation. and activities throughout the Department. trated or compromised; ‘‘(2) ADVISORY COMMITTEE.—The Secretary (c) PRIORITIZING RESEARCH AND EVALUA- (2) an assessment of the date and time such of State shall convene an advisory com- TION.— penetration or compromise occurred; mittee to the interagency working group es- (1) IN GENERAL.—The Director of Policy, (3) an assessment of the duration for which tablished pursuant to paragraph (1), for the Planning, and Resources shall ensure that such system or network was penetrated or duration of the working group’s existence, research and evaluation, as coordinated and compromised, including whether such pene- which shall be composed of not less than 3 overseen by the Director of Research and tration or compromise is ongoing; left-behind parents, serving for 2-year terms, Evaluation, supports strategic planning and (4) an assessment of the amount and sensi- who— resource allocation across all public diplo- tivity of information accessed and available ‘‘(A) shall be selected by the Secretary; macy bureaus and offices of the Department. to have been accessed by such penetration or and (2) ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES.—Amounts compromise, including any such information ‘‘(B) shall periodically consult with the allocated for the purposes of research and contained on systems and networks owned, interagency working group on all activities evaluation of public diplomacy programs and operated, managed, or utilized by any other of the interagency working group, as appro- activities pursuant to subsection (a) shall be department or agency of the United States priate.’’. made available to be disbursed at the direc- Government; SEC. 209. IMPROVING RESEARCH AND EVALUA- tion of the Director of Research and Evalua- (5) an assessment of whether such system TION OF PUBLIC DIPLOMACY. tion among the research and evaluation staff or network was penetrated by a malicious in- (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall— across all public diplomacy bureaus and of- trusion, including an assessment of— (1) conduct regular research and evaluation fices of the Department. (A) the known or suspected perpetrators, of public diplomacy programs and activities (3) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of including state actors; and of the Department, including through the Congress that the Department should allo- (B) the methods used to conduct such pene- routine use of audience research, digital ana- cate, for the purposes of research and evalua- tration or compromise; and lytics, and impact evaluations, to plan and tion of public diplomacy activities and pro- (6) a description of the actions the Depart- execute such programs and activities; and grams pursuant to subsection (a)— ment has taken, or plans to take, to prevent (2) make the findings of the research and (A) 3 to 5 percent of program funds made future, similar penetrations or compromises evaluations conducted under paragraph (1) available under the heading ‘‘EDUCATIONAL of such systems and networks. available to Congress. AND CULTURAL EXCHANGE PROGRAMS’’; and (b) DIRECTOR OF RESEARCH AND EVALUA- SEC. 207. ANALYSIS OF EMBASSY COST SHARING. (B) 3 to 5 percent of program funds allo- TION.— Not later than 180 days after the date of cated for public diplomacy programs under (1) APPOINTMENT.—Not later than 90 days the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller the heading ‘‘DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR PRO- after the date of the enactment of this Act, General of the United States shall submit a GRAMS’’. the Secretary shall appoint a Director of Re- report to the appropriate congressional com- (d) LIMITED EXEMPTION.—The Paperwork search and Evaluation in the Office of Pol- mittees and to the Select Committee on In- Reduction Act of 1980 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.) icy, Planning, and Resources for the Under telligence of the Senate and the Permanent shall not apply to collections of information Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Select Committee on Intelligence of the directed at foreign individuals conducted by, Affairs. House of Representatives that assesses the or on behalf of, the Department for the pur- IMITATION ON APPOINTMENT.—The ap- cost-effectiveness and performance of the (2) L pose of audience research and impact evalua- International Cooperative Administrative pointment of a Director of Research and tions, in accordance with the requirements Support Services system (referred to in this Evaluation pursuant to paragraph (1) shall under this section and in connection with section as the ‘‘ICASS system’’), including not result in an increase in the overall full- the Department’s activities conducted pursu- by assessing— time equivalent positions within the Depart- ant to the United States Information and (1) the general performance of the ICASS ment. Educational Exchange Act (22 U.S.C. 1431 et system in providing cost-effective, timely, (3) RESPONSIBILITIES.—The Director of Re- seq.) or the Mutual Educational and Cultural efficient, appropriate, and reliable services search and Evaluation shall— Exchange Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2451 et seq.). (A) coordinate and oversee the research that meet the needs of all departments and (e) ADVISORY COMMISSION ON PUBLIC DIPLO- and evaluation of public diplomacy programs agencies served; MACY.— of the Department— (2) the extent to which additional cost sav- (1) SUBCOMMITTEE FOR RESEARCH AND EVAL- (i) to improve public diplomacy strategies ings and greater performance can be UATION.—The Advisory Commission on Pub- and tactics; and achieved under the current ICASS system lic Diplomacy shall establish a Sub- (ii) to ensure that programs are increasing and rules; committee for Research and Evaluation to the knowledge, understanding, and trust of (3) the standards applied in the selection of monitor and advise on the research and eval- the United States by relevant target audi- the ICASS provider and the extent to which uation activities of the Department and the ences; such standards are consistently applied; and Broadcasting Board of Governors. (B) report to the Director of Policy and (4) potential reforms to the ICASS system, (2) REPORT.—The Subcommittee for Re- Planning; including— search and Evaluation established pursuant (C) routinely organize and oversee audi- (A) the selection of more than 1 service to paragraph (1) shall submit an annual re- ence research, digital analytics and impact provider under certain circumstances; port to Congress in conjunction with the evaluations across all public diplomacy bu- (B) options for all departments or agencies Commission on Public Diplomacy’s Com- reaus and offices of the Department; to opt out of ICASS entirely or to opt out of prehensive Annual Report on the perform- (D) support embassy public affairs sec- individual services, including by debundling ance of the Department and the Broad- tions; service packages; casting Board of Governors in carrying out (E) share appropriate public diplomacy re- (C) increasing the reliance on locally em- research and evaluations of their respective search and evaluation information within ployed staff or outsourcing to local firms, as public diplomacy programming. the Department and with other Federal de- appropriate; and (3) REAUTHORIZATION.—Section 1334 of the partments and agencies; (D) other modifications to the current Foreign Affairs Reform and Restructuring (F) regularly design and coordinate stand- ICASS system and rules that would Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6553) is amended by ardized research questions, methodologies, incentivize greater effectiveness and cost ef- striking ‘‘October 1, 2015’’ and inserting ‘‘Oc- and procedures to ensure that public diplo- ficiency. tober 1, 2020’’. macy activities across all public diplomacy (f) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: SEC. 208. PARENT ADVISORY COMMITTEE TO THE bureaus and offices are designed to meet ap- (1) AUDIENCE RESEARCH.—The term ‘‘audi- INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP TO PREVENT INTERNATIONAL PAREN- propriate foreign policy objectives; and ence research’’ means research conducted at TAL CHILD ABDUCTION. (G) report quarterly to the United States the outset of public diplomacy program or Section 433(b) of the Homeland Security Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy, campaign planning and design on specific au- Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 241(b)) is amended to through the Commission’s Subcommittee on dience segments to understand the attitudes, read as follows: Research and Evaluation established pursu- interests, knowledge and behaviors of such ‘‘(b) INTERAGENCY COORDINATION.— ant to subsection (e), regarding the research audience segments. ‘‘(1) INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP.—The and evaluation of all public diplomacy bu- (2) DIGITAL ANALYTICS.—The term ‘‘digital Secretary of State shall convene and chair reaus and offices of the Department. analytics’’ means the analysis of qualitative an interagency working group to prevent (4) GUIDANCE AND TRAINING.—Not later than and quantitative data, accumulated in dig- international parental child abduction, 180 days after his or her appointment pursu- ital format, to indicate the outputs and out- which shall be composed of presidentially ap- ant to paragraph (1), the Director of Re- comes of a public diplomacy program or pointed, Senate confirmed, officials from— search and Evaluation shall create guidance campaign. ‘‘(A) the Department of State; and training for all public diplomacy officers (3) IMPACT EVALUATION.—The term ‘‘impact ‘‘(B) the Department of Homeland Secu- regarding the reading and interpretation of evaluation’’ means an assessment of the rity, including U.S. Customs and Border Pro- public diplomacy program evaluation find- changes in the audience targeted by a public tection and U.S. Immigration and Customs ings to ensure that such findings and lessons diplomacy program or campaign that can be Enforcement; and learned are implemented in the planning and attributed to such program or campaign.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00086 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.074 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2589 SEC. 210. ENHANCED INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY ‘‘(c) The maximum amount of compen- ‘‘(A) the review by the Foreign Service OF THE BUREAU OF AFRICAN AF- satory time off that may be earned under Grievance Board shall be limited to a deter- FAIRS. this section may not exceed 104 hours during mination of whether the provisions of para- (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall any leave year (as defined in section graphs (1) and (2) have been fulfilled; and strengthen the institutional capacity of the 630.201(b) of title 5, Code of Federal Regula- ‘‘(B) the Board may not exercise the au- Bureau of African Affairs to oversee pro- tions).’’. thority provided under section 1106(8). grams and engage in strategic planning and ‘‘(5) In this subsection: crisis management by— SEC. 214. CERTIFICATES OF DEMONSTRATED COMPETENCE. ‘‘(A) The term ‘reasonable time’ means— (1) establishing an office within the Bureau Not later than 7 days after submitting the ‘‘(i) with respect to a member of the For- of African Affairs that is separate and dis- report required under section 304(a)(4) of the eign Service assigned to duty in the United tinct from the regional affairs office specifi- Foreign Service Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C. States, 15 days after receiving notice of the cally charged with overseeing strategy de- 3944(a)(4)) to the Committee on Foreign Re- proposed suspension; and velopment and program implementation re- lations of the Senate, the President shall ‘‘(ii) with respect to a member of the For- lated to security assistance; make the report available to the public, in- eign Service assigned to duty outside the (2) planning to facilitate the long-term cluding by posting the on the website of the United States, 30 days after receiving notice planning process; and Department in a conspicuous manner and lo- of the proposed suspension. (3) developing a concrete plan to rightsize cation. ‘‘(B) The terms ‘suspend’ and ‘suspension’ the Bureau of African Affairs not later than mean placing a member of the Foreign Serv- 180 days after the date enactment of this SEC. 215. FOREIGN SERVICE ASSIGNMENT RE- STRICTIONS. ice in a temporary status without duties and Act. (a) APPEAL OF ASSIGNMENT RESTRICTION.— pay.’’. (b) REPORT.—Not later than 90 days after (b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of the date of the enactment of this Act, the The Secretary shall establish a right and contents in section 2 of such Act is amended Secretary shall submit a report to the appro- process for employees to appeal any assign- by striking the item relating to section 610 priate congressional committees that de- ment restriction or preclusion. and inserting the following: scribes the actions that have been taken to (b) CERTIFICATION.—Upon full implementa- carry out subsection (a). tion of a right and process for employees to ‘‘Sec. 610. Separation for cause; suspen- (c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— appeal an assignment restriction or pre- sion.’’. Nothing in this section may be construed to clusion, the Secretary shall submit a report SEC. 217. ECONOMIC STATECRAFT EDUCATION authorize the appropriation of additional to the appropriate congressional committees AND TRAINING. amounts to carry out this section, and the that— The Secretary shall establish curriculum Secretary shall use existing resources to (1) certifies that such appeals process has at the Foreign Services Institute to develop carry out the provisions of this section. been fully implemented; and the practical foreign economic policy exper- Subtitle B—Personnel Matters (2) includes a detailed description of such tise and skill sets of Foreign Service officers, process. including by making available distance- SEC. 211. REVIEW OF FOREIGN SERVICE OFFICER (c) NOTICE.—The Secretary shall— learning courses in commercial, economic, COMPENSATION. (1) publish the right and process estab- and business affairs, including in— (a) INDEPENDENT ASSESSMENT.— lished pursuant to subsection (a) in the For- (1) the global business environment; (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 30 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, eign Affairs Manual; and (2) the economics of development; the Secretary shall commission an inde- (2) include a reference to such publication (3) development and infrastructure finance; pendent assessment of Foreign Service Offi- in the report required under subsection (b). (4) current trade and investment agree- (d) PROHIBITING DISCRIMINATION.—Section cer compensation to ensure that such com- ments negotiations; 502(a)(2) of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 (22 pensation is achieving its purposes and the (5) implementing existing multilateral and U.S.C. 3982(a)(2)) is amended to read as fol- goals of the Department, including to re- World Trade Organization agreements, and lows: cruit, retain, and maintain the world’s pre- United States trade and investment agree- ‘‘(2) In making assignments under para- mier diplomatic corps. ments; graph (1), the Secretary shall ensure that a (2) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after (6) best practices for customs and export the date of the enactment of this Act, the member of the Service is not assigned to, or procedures; and Secretary shall submit a report to the appro- restricted from, a position at a post in a par- (7) market analysis and global supply priate congressional committees that in- ticular geographic area, or domestically in a chain management. cludes— position working on issues relating to a par- SEC. 218. REPORT ON DIVERSITY RECRUITMENT, (A) the results of the independent assess- ticular geographic area, exclusively on the EMPLOYMENT, RETENTION, AND ment commissioned pursuant to paragraph basis of the race, ethnicity, or religion of PROMOTION. (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days (1); and that member.’’. after the date of the enactment of this Act, (B) the views of the Secretary regarding SEC. 216. SECURITY CLEARANCE SUSPENSIONS. and quadrennially thereafter, the Secretary Foreign Service Officer compensation. (a) SUSPENSION.—Section 610 of the Foreign of State shall submit a comprehensive report (b) CONTENT.—The report required under Service Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C. 4010) is amend- subsection (a) shall include— ed— to Congress that— (1) a list of all compensation received by (1) by striking the section heading and in- (1) describes the efforts, consistent with Foreign Service Officers assigned domesti- serting the following: existing law, including procedures, effects, cally or overseas, including base salary and ‘‘SEC. 610. SEPARATION FOR CAUSE; SUSPEN- and results of the Department since the pe- any other benefits, allowances, differentials, SION.’’; and riod covered by the prior such report, to pro- or other financial incentives; (2) by adding at the end the following: mote equal opportunity and inclusion for all (2) for each form of compensation described ‘‘(c)(1) In order to promote the efficiency of American employees in direct hire and per- in paragraph (1)— the Service, the Secretary may suspend a sonal service contractors status, particularly (A) an explanation of its stated purpose; member of the Service without pay when— employees of the Foreign Service, to include (B) a description of all relevant authori- ‘‘(A) the member’s security clearance is equal opportunity for all races, ethnicities, ties, including statutory authority; and suspended; or ages, genders, and service-disabled veterans, (C) an assessment of the degree to which ‘‘(B) there is reasonable cause to believe with a focus on traditionally underrep- its historical and current use matches its that the member has committed a crime for resented minority groups; stated purpose; and which a sentence of imprisonment may be (2) includes a section on— (3) an assessment of the effectiveness of imposed. (A) the diversity of selection boards; each form of compensation described in para- ‘‘(2) Any member of the Foreign Service for (B) the employment of minority and serv- graph (1) in— whom a suspension is proposed under this ice-disabled veterans during the most recent (A) achieving its stated purpose; subsection shall be entitled to— 10-year period, including— (B) achieving the recruiting and retention ‘‘(A) written notice stating the specific (i) the number hired through direct hires, goals of the Department; and reasons for the proposed suspension; internships, and fellowship programs; (C) achieving the assignment placement ‘‘(B) a reasonable time to respond orally (ii) the number promoted to senior posi- needs of the Department. and in writing to the proposed suspension; tions, including FS–01, GS–15, Senior Execu- SEC. 212. REPEAL OF RECERTIFICATION RE- ‘‘(C) representation by an attorney or tive Service, and Senior Foreign Service; and QUIREMENT FOR SENIOR FOREIGN other representative; and (iii) attrition rates by grade, civil and for- SERVICE. ‘‘(D) a final written decision, including the eign services, and the senior level ranks list- Section 305 of the Foreign Service Act of specific reasons for such decision, as soon as ed in clause (ii); 1980 (22 U.S.C. 3945) is amended by striking practicable. (C) mentorship and retention programs; subsection (d). ‘‘(3) Any member suspended under this sub- and SEC. 213. COMPENSATORY TIME OFF FOR TRAV- section may file a grievance in accordance (3) is organized in terms of real numbers EL. with the procedures applicable to grievances and percentages at all levels. Section 5550b of title 5, United States Code, under chapter 11. (b) CONTENTS.—Each report submitted is amended by adding at the end the fol- ‘‘(4) If a grievance is filed under paragraph under subsection (a) shall describe the ef- lowing: (3)— forts of the Department—

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00087 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.074 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2590 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 (1) to propagate fairness, impartiality, and Donald M. Payne International Development Foreign Service Officers that includes train- inclusion in the work environment domesti- Fellowship Program are authorized to con- ing on— cally and abroad; duct outreach to attract outstanding stu- ‘‘(A) the scope and strategic value of inter- (2) to eradicate harassment, intolerance, dents who represent diverse ethnic and socio- national religious freedom; and discrimination; economic backgrounds with an interest in ‘‘(B) how violations of international reli- (3) to refrain from engaging in unlawful pursuing a Foreign Service career. gious freedom harm fundamental United discrimination in any phase of the employ- SEC. 220. RETENTION OF MID- AND SENIOR- States interests; ment process, including recruitment, hiring, LEVEL PROFESSIONALS FROM ‘‘(C) how the advancement of international evaluation, assignments, promotion, reten- UNDERREPRESENTED GROUPS. religious freedom can advance such inter- tion, and training; (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary should pro- ests; (4) to eliminate illegal retaliation against vide attention and oversight to the employ- ‘‘(D) how United States international reli- employees for participating in a protected ment, retention, and promotion of underrep- gious freedom policy should be carried out in equal employment opportunity activity; resented groups to promote a diverse ethnic practice by United States diplomats and (5) to provide reasonable accommodation representation among mid- and senior-level other Foreign Service Officers; and for qualified employees and applicants with career professionals through programs such ‘‘(E) the relevance and relationship of disabilities; as— international religious freedom to United (6) to resolve workplace conflicts, con- (1) the International Career Advancement States defense, diplomacy, development, and frontations, and complaints in a prompt, im- Program; public affairs efforts to combat violent ex- partial, constructive, and timely manner; (2) Seminar XXI at the Massachusetts In- tremism. (7) to improve demographic data avail- stitute of Technology’s Center for Inter- ‘‘(2) ROLE OF OTHER OFFICIALS.—The Am- ability and analysis regarding recruitment, national Studies; and bassador at Large for International Reli- hiring, promotion, training, length in serv- (3) other highly respected international gious Freedom shall carry out paragraph ice, assignment restrictions, and pass- leadership programs. (1)— through programs; (b) REVIEW OF PAST PROGRAMS.—The Sec- ‘‘(A) in coordination with the Director of (8) to recruit a diverse staff by— retary should review past programs designed the George P. Shultz National Foreign Af- (A) recruiting women, minorities, vet- to increase minority representation in inter- fairs Training Center and other Federal offi- erans, and undergraduate and graduate stu- national affairs positions, including— cials, as appropriate; and (1) the USAID Undergraduate Cooperative dents; ‘‘(B) in consultation with the United and Graduate Economics Program; (B) recruiting at historically Black col- States Commission on International Reli- (2) the Public Policy and International Af- leges and universities, Hispanic serving in- gious Freedom established under section fairs Fellowship Program; and stitutions, women’s colleges, and colleges 201(a) of the International Religious Free- (3) the Institute for International Public that typically serve majority minority popu- dom Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6431(a)). lations; Policy Fellowship Program. ‘‘(3) RESOURCES.—The Secretary of State (C) sponsoring and recruiting at job fairs in SEC. 221. REVIEW OF JURISDICTIONAL RESPON- shall ensure the availability of sufficient re- urban communities; SIBILITIES OF THE SPECIAL REP- RESENTATIVE TO AFGHANISTAN sources to develop and implement the cur- (D) placing job advertisements in news- riculum required under this subsection. papers, magazines, and job sites oriented to- AND PAKISTAN AND THE BUREAU OF SOUTH AND CENTRAL ASIAN AF- ‘‘(b) RELIGIOUS FREEDOM TRAINING.— ward women and people of color; FAIRS. (E) providing opportunities through the ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than the date (a) REVIEW.—The Secretary of State shall Foreign Service Internship Program and that is 1 year after the date of the enactment conduct a review of the jurisdictional re- of the Department of State Operations Au- other hiring initiatives; and sponsibilities of the Special Representative thorization and Embassy Security Act, Fis- (F) recruiting mid- and senior-level profes- to Afghanistan and Pakistan (SRAP) and the cal Year 2016, the Director of the George P. sionals through programs such as— Bureau of South and Central Asian Affairs Shultz National Foreign Affairs Training (i) the International Career Advancement (SCA). Program; Center shall begin training on religious free- (b) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after dom, using the curriculum developed under (ii) the Public Policy and International Af- the date of the enactment of this Act, the subsection (a), for Foreign Service officers, fairs Fellowship Program; Secretary shall submit to the appropriate including— (iii) the Institute for International Public congressional committees a report on the Policy Fellowship Program; findings of the review conducted under sub- ‘‘(A) entry level officers; (iv) Seminar XXI at the Massachusetts In- section (a), including recommendations on ‘‘(B) officers prior to departure for posting stitute of Technology’s Center for Inter- whether jurisdictional responsibility be- outside the United States; and national Studies; and tween the 2 offices should be adjusted. ‘‘(C) incoming deputy chiefs of mission and (v) other similar, highly respected, inter- ambassadors. national leadership programs; and SEC. 222. CONGRESSIONAL NOTIFICATION OF COUNTRIES COMPLIANCE WITH MIN- ‘‘(2) ELEMENTS.—The training required (9) to provide opportunities through— IMUM STANDARDS FOR THE ELIMI- under paragraph (1) shall be substantively (A) the Charles B. Rangel International Af- NATION OF TRAFFICKING. incorporated into— fairs Fellowship Program; Section 110 of the Trafficking Victims Pro- ‘‘(A) the A–100 course attended by Foreign (B) the Thomas R. Pickering Foreign Af- tection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7107) is amended Service Officers; fairs Fellowship Program; and by adding at the end the following: ‘‘(B) the specific country courses required (C) the Donald M. Payne International De- ‘‘(g) CONGRESSIONAL NOTIFICATION.—Not of Foreign Service Officers prior to a posting velopment Fellowship Program. later than 30 days before the anticipated sub- outside the United States, with training tai- (c) SCOPE OF INITIAL REPORT.—The first re- mission of each annual report under sub- lored to— port submitted to Congress under this sec- section (b)(1), the Secretary of State shall ‘‘(i) the particular religious demography of tion shall include the information described notify and brief the appropriate congres- such country; in subsection (b) for the 3 fiscal years imme- sional committees concerning the countries ‘‘(ii) religious freedom conditions in such diately preceding the fiscal year in which the that will be upgraded to a higher tier or country; report is submitted. downgraded to a lower tier in such report.’’. ‘‘(iii) religious engagement strategies; and SEC. 219. EXPANSION OF THE CHARLES B. RAN- SEC. 223. INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM ‘‘(iv) United States strategies for advanc- GEL INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS PRO- TRAINING PROGRAM. ing religious freedom. GRAM, THE THOMAS R. PICKERING ‘‘(C) the courses required of incoming dep- FOREIGN AFFAIRS FELLOWSHIP Section 708 of the Foreign Service Act of PROGRAM, AND THE DONALD M. 1980 (22 U.S.C. 4028) is amended— uty chiefs of mission and ambassadors. PAYNE INTERNATIONAL DEVELOP- (1) by redesignating subsections (b) and (c) ‘‘(c) INFORMATION SHARING.—The cur- MENT FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM. as subsections (d) and (e), respectively; riculum and training materials developed (2) in subsection (d), as redesignated, by in- (a) ADDITIONAL FELLOWSHIPS AUTHOR- pursuant to subsections (a) and (b) shall be IZED.—Beginning in fiscal year 2016, the Sec- serting ‘‘REFUGEES’’ before ‘‘The Secretary shared with the United States Armed Forces retary shall— of State’’; (1) increase by 10 the number of fellows se- (3) in subsection (e), as redesignated, by in- and all other Federal departments and agen- lected for the Charles B. Rangel Inter- serting ‘‘CHILD SOLDIERS’’ before ‘‘The Sec- cies whose personnel serve as attache´s, advi- national Affairs Program; retary of State’’; and sors, detailees, or otherwise in United States (2) increase by 10 the number of fellows se- (4) by striking subsection (a) and inserting embassies globally to provide training on— lected for the Thomas R. Pickering Foreign the following: ‘‘(1) United States religious freedom poli- Affairs Fellowship Program; and ‘‘(a) DEVELOPMENT OF CURRICULUM.— cies; (3) increase by 5 the number of fellows se- ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Ambassador at ‘‘(2) religious traditions; lected for the Donald M. Payne International Large for International Religious Freedom ‘‘(3) religious engagement strategies; Development Fellowship Program. appointed under section 101(b) of the Inter- ‘‘(4) religious and cultural issues; and (b) PAYNE FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM.—Under- national Religious Freedom Act of 1998 (22 ‘‘(5) efforts to combat terrorism and vio- graduate and graduate components of the U.S.C. 6411(b)) shall develop a curriculum for lent religious extremism.’’.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00088 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.074 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2591 TITLE III—INTERNATIONAL SEC. 302. ANNUAL REPORT ON FINANCIAL CON- United Nations peacekeeping fiscal year, the ORGANIZATIONS TRIBUTIONS TO INTERNATIONAL contributions of the United States to the ORGANIZATIONS. United Nations for peacekeeping operations Subtitle A—United States Contributions to Section 4(b) of the United Nations Partici- International Organizations exceed the actual expenditures for peace- pation Act of 1945 (22 U.S.C. 287b(b)) is keeping operations by the United Nations SEC. 301. REPORTS CONCERNING THE UNITED amended by striking ‘‘in which the United that are apportioned to the United States.’’. NATIONS. States participates as a member’’ and insert- (a) REPORT ON ANTI-SEMITIC ACTIVITY AT ing ‘‘, including— SEC. 304. ASSESSMENT RATE TRANSPARENCY. THE UNITED NATIONS AND ITS AGENCIES.—Not ‘‘(1) the amount of such contributions that (a) REPORT.— later than 180 days after the date of the en- were assessed by an international organiza- (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 30 days actment of this Act, and annually thereafter, tion and the amount of such contributions after each time the United Nations General the Secretary shall submit a report to the that were voluntary; and Assembly modifies the assessment levels for appropriate congressional committees that ‘‘(2) the ratio of United States contribu- peacekeeping operations, the Secretary shall describes— tions to total contributions received for— submit a report, which may include a classi- (1) all activities at the United Nations and ‘‘(A) the United Nations, specialized agen- fied annex, to the Committee on Foreign Re- its subagencies that can be construed to ex- cies of the United Nations, and other United lations of the Senate and the Committee on hibit an anti-Semitic bias, including official Nations funds, programs, and organizations; Foreign Affairs of the House of Representa- statements, proposed resolutions, and United ‘‘(B) peacekeeping; tives. Nations investigations; ‘‘(C) inter-American organizations; (2) CONTENTS.—Each report submitted (2) the use of United Nations resources to ‘‘(D) regional organizations; and under paragraph (1) shall describe— promote anti-Semitic or anti-Israel rhetoric ‘‘(E) other international organizations.’’. (A) the change, by amount and percentage, or propaganda, including publications, inter- SEC. 303. REPORT ON PEACEKEEPING ARREARS, of the peacekeeping assessment charged to net websites, and textbooks or other edu- CREDITS, AND CONTRIBUTIONS. each member state; and cational materials used to propagate polit- Section 4(c) of the United Nations Partici- (B) how the economic and strategic inter- ical rhetoric regarding the Israeli-Pales- pation Act (22 U.S.C. 287b(c)), as amended by ests of each of the permanent members of tinian conflict; and section 301(b), is further amended by adding the Security Council is being served by each (3) specific actions taken by the United at the end the following: peacekeeping mission currently in force. States Government to address any of the ac- ‘‘(6) PEACEKEEPING CREDITS.— (b) AVAILABILITY OF PEACEKEEPING ASSESS- tivities described in paragraphs (1) and (2). ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—A complete and full ac- MENT DATA.—The Secretary shall direct the (b) REPORT ON ALL UNITED STATES GOVERN- counting of United States peacekeeping as- United States Permanent Representative to MENT CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE UNITED NA- sessments and contributions for United Na- the United Nations to use the voice, vote, TIONS.—Section 4(c) of the United Nations tions peacekeeping operations, including the and influence of the United States at the Participation Act of 1945 (22 U.S.C. 287b(c)) is following: United Nations to urge the United Nations— amended— ‘‘(i) A tabulation of annual United Nations (1) to share the raw data used to calculate (1) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), (3), peacekeeping assessment rates, the peace- member state peacekeeping assessment (4), and (5) as paragraphs (2), (3), (5), (6), and keeping contribution rate authorized by the rates; and (7), respectively; and United States, and the United States public (2) to make available the formula for de- (2) by inserting before paragraph (2), as so law that authorized the contribution rate for termining peacekeeping assessments. redesignated, the following: the United Nations peacekeeping budget for Subtitle B—Accountability at International ‘‘(1) CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE UNITED NA- each fiscal year beginning in fiscal year 1995 Organizations TIONS.— through the fiscal year following the date of ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—A detailed description of the report. SEC. 311. PREVENTING ABUSE IN PEACE- all assessed and voluntary contributions, in- ‘‘(ii) A tabulation of current United States KEEPING. cluding in-kind contributions, of the United accrued shortfalls and arrears in each respec- Not later than 15 days before the antici- States to the United Nations and to each of tive ongoing or closed United Nations peace- pated date of a vote (or, in the case of exi- its affiliated agencies and related bodies— keeping mission. gent circumstances, as far in advance of the ‘‘(i) during the preceding fiscal year; ‘‘(iii) A tabulation of all peacekeeping vote as is practicable) on a resolution ap- ‘‘(ii) estimated for the fiscal year in which credits, including— proving a new peacekeeping mission under the report is submitted; and ‘‘(I) the total amount of peacekeeping the auspices of the United Nations, the ‘‘(iii) requested in the budget of the Presi- credits determined by the United Nations to North Atlantic Treaty Organization, or any dent submitted to Congress under section be available to the United States; other multilateral organization in which the 1105(a) of title 31, United States Code, for the ‘‘(II) the total amount of peacekeeping United States participates, or to reauthorize following fiscal year. credits determined by the United Nations to an existing such mission, the Secretary shall ‘‘(B) CONTENT.—The description required be unavailable to the United States; submit to the appropriate congressional under subparagraph (A) shall, for each fiscal ‘‘(III) the total amount of peacekeeping committees a report on that mission that in- year specified in clauses (i), (ii), and (iii) of credits determined by the United Nations to cludes the following: that subparagraph, include— be available to the United States from each (1) A description of the specific measures ‘‘(i) the total amount or value of all con- open and closed peacekeeping mission; taken and planned to be taken by the organi- tributions described in that subparagraph; ‘‘(IV) the total amount of peacekeeping zation related to the mission— ‘‘(ii) the approximate percentage of all credits determined by the United Nations to (A) to prevent individuals who are employ- such contributions by the United States be unavailable to the United States from ees or contractor personnel of the organiza- compared to all contributions to the United each open and closed peacekeeping mission; tion, or members of the forces serving in the Nations and to each of its affiliated agencies ‘‘(V) the total amount of peacekeeping mission from engaging in acts of trafficking and related bodies from any source; and credits applied by the United Nations toward in persons, exploitation of victims of traf- ‘‘(iii) for each such contribution described shortfalls from previous years that are ap- ficking, or sexual exploitation or abuse; and in subparagraph (A)— portioned to the United States; (B) to hold accountable any such individ- ‘‘(I) the amount or value of the contribu- ‘‘(VI) the total amount of peacekeeping uals who engage in any such acts while par- tion; credits applied by the United Nations toward ticipating in the mission. ‘‘(II) whether the contribution was as- offsetting future contributions of the United (2) An assessment of the effectiveness of sessed by the United Nations or voluntary; States; and each of the measures described in paragraph ‘‘(III) the purpose of the contribution; ‘‘(VII) the total amount of peacekeeping (1). ‘‘(IV) the department or agency of the credits determined by the United Nations to (3) An accounting and assessment of all United States Government responsible for be available to the United States that could cases in which the organization has taken the contribution; and be applied toward offsetting United States action to investigate allegations that indi- ‘‘(V) whether the United Nations or an af- contributions in the following fiscal year. viduals described in paragraph (1)(A) have filiated agency or related body received the ‘‘(iv) An explanation of any claim of un- engaged in acts described in that paragraph, contribution and, if an affiliated agency or availability by the United Nations of any including a description of the status of all related body received the contribution, peacekeeping credits described in clause such cases as of the date of the report. which such agency or body. (iii)(IV). SEC. 312. INCLUSION OF PEACEKEEPING ABUSES ‘‘(C) PUBLIC AVAILABILITY OF INFORMA- ‘‘(v) A description of any efforts by the IN COUNTRY REPORT ON HUMAN TION.—Not later than 14 days after submit- United States to obtain reimbursement in RIGHTS PRACTICES. ting a report required under this subsection accordance with the requirements of this Section 116(d) of the Foreign Assistance to the designated congressional committees, Act, including Department of Defense mate- Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151n(d)) is amended— the Director of the Office of Management riel and services, and an explanation of any (1) in paragraph (11)(C), by striking ‘‘; and’’ and Budget shall post a text-based, search- failure to obtain any such reimbursement. and inserting a semicolon; able version of the description required by ‘‘(B) PEACEKEEPING CREDITS DEFINED.—In (2) in paragraph (12)(C)(ii), by striking the subparagraph (A) on a publicly available this paragraph, the term ‘peacekeeping cred- period at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and Internet website of that Office.’’. its’ means the amounts by which, during a (3) by adding at the end the following:

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00089 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.074 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2592 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 ‘‘(13) for each country that contributes per- ‘‘(2) an assessment of United States rep- (3) assesses any changes in the margin de- sonnel to United Nations peacekeeping mis- resentation among professional and senior- scribed in paragraph (2) from the previous sions, a description of— level positions at the United Nations, includ- year; ‘‘(A) any allegations of such personnel en- ing— (4) assesses the extent to which any gaging in acts of trafficking in persons, ex- ‘‘(A) an assessment of the proportion of changes in that margin resulted from modi- ploitation of victims of trafficking, or sexual United States citizens employed at the fications to the policies, procedures, and as- exploitation and abuse while participating in United Nations Secretariat and at all United sumptions described in paragraph (1); and such a peacekeeping mission; Nations specialized agencies, funds, and pro- (5) provides the views of the Secretary on ‘‘(B) any repatriations of such personnel grams relative to the total employment at any changes in that margin and any such resulting from an allegation described in the United Nations Secretariat and at all modifications. subparagraph (A); such agencies, funds, and programs; TITLE IV—CONSULAR AUTHORITIES ‘‘(C) any actions taken by such country ‘‘(B) as assessment of compliance by the SEC. 401. VISA INELIGIBILITY FOR INTER- with respect to personnel repatriated as a re- United Nations Secretariat and such agen- NATIONAL CHILD ABDUCTORS. sult of allegations described in subparagraph cies, funds, and programs with any applica- Section 212(a)(10)(C)(iii) of the Immigra- (A), including whether such personnel faced ble geographic distribution formula; and tion and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. prosecution related to such allegations; and ‘‘(C) a description of any steps taken or 1182(a)(10)(C)(iii)) is amended— ‘‘(D) the extent to which any actions taken planned to be taken by the United States to (1) in subclause (I), by adding ‘‘or’’ at the as described in subparagraph (C) have been increase the staffing of United States citi- end; communicated by such country to the zens at the United Nations Secretariat and (2) in subclause (II), by striking ‘‘; or’’ at United Nations.’’. such agencies, funds and programs.’’. the end and inserting a period; and SEC. 313. EVALUATION OF UNITED NATIONS SEC. 322. ENSURING APPROPRIATE UNITED NA- (3) by striking subclause (III). PEACEKEEPING MISSIONS. TIONS PERSONNEL SALARIES. SEC. 402. PRESUMPTION OF IMMIGRANT INTENT (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days (a) COMPENSATION OF UNITED NATIONS PER- FOR H AND L VISA CLASSIFICA- after the date of the enactment of this Act, SONNEL.—The President shall direct the TIONS. the Secretary shall submit a report to the United States Permanent Representative to Section 214(b) of the Immigration and Na- appropriate congressional committees that the United Nations to use the voice, vote, tionality Act (8 U.S.C. 1184(b)) is amended— includes— and influence of the United States at the (1) by striking ‘‘(other than a non- (1) a comprehensive evaluation of current United Nations— immigrant described in subparagraph (L) or United Nations peacekeeping missions; (1) to establish appropriate policies, proce- (V) of section 101(a)(15), and other than a (2) a prioritization of the peacekeeping dures, and assumptions for— nonimmigrant described in any provision of missions; (A) determining comparable positions be- section 101(a)(15)(H)(i) except subclause (b1) (3) plans for phasing out and ending any tween officials in the professional and higher of such section)’’; mission that— categories of employment at the United Na- (2) by striking ‘‘under section 101(a)(15).’’ (A) has substantially met its objectives tions headquarters in New York, New York, and inserting ‘‘under the immigration and goals; or and in the United States Federal civil serv- laws.’’; and (B) will not be able to meet its objectives ice; (3) by striking ‘‘he’’ each place such term and goals; and (B) calculating the margin between the appears and inserting ‘‘the alien’’. (4) a plan for reviewing the status of open- compensation of such officials at the United SEC. 403. VISA INFORMATION SHARING. ended mandates for— Nations headquarters and the civil service; Section 222(f) of the Immigration and Na- (A) the United Nations Interim Adminis- and tionality Act (8 U.S.C. 1202(f)(2)) is amend- tration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK); (C) determining the appropriate margin for ed— (B) the United Nations Truce Supervision adoption by the United Nations to govern (1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), Organization (UNTSO); and compensation for such officials; by striking ‘‘issuance or refusal’’ and insert- (C) the United Nations Military Observer (2) to make all policies, procedures, and as- ing ‘‘issuance, refusal, or revocation’’; and Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP). sumptions described in paragraph (1) avail- (2) in paragraph (2)— (b) APPROVAL OF FUTURE PEACEKEEPING able to the public; and (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph MISSIONS.—The President shall direct the (3) to limit increases in the compensation (A), by striking ‘‘and on the basis of reci- United States Permanent Representative to of United Nations officials to ensure that procity’’; the United Nations to use the voice, vote, such officials remain within the margin (B) in subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘illicit and influence of the United States at the range established by United Nations General weapons; or’’ and inserting ‘‘illicit weapons, United Nations to ensure that no new United Assembly Resolution A/RES/40/244, or any or in determining the removability or eligi- Nations peacekeeping mission is approved subsequent margin range adopted by the bility for a visa, admission, or another immi- without a periodic mandate renewal. United Nations to govern compensation for gration benefit of persons who would be inad- (c) FUNDING LIMITATION.—The United United Nations officials. missible to, or removable from, the United States shall not provide funding for any (b) REPORT ON SALARY MARGINS.—The Sec- States;’’; United Nations peacekeeping mission begin- retary shall submit an annual report to the (C) in subparagraph (B)— ning after the date of the enactment of this appropriate congressional committees, at (i) by striking ‘‘for the purposes’’ and in- Act unless the mission has a periodic man- the time of the submission of the budget of serting ‘‘for 1 of the purposes’’; and date renewal. the President to Congress under section (ii) by striking ‘‘or to deny visas to persons Subtitle C—Personnel Matters 1105(a) of title 31, United States Code, that who would be inadmissible to the United SEC. 321. ENCOURAGING EMPLOYMENT OF (1) describes the policies, procedures, and States.’’ and inserting ‘‘; or’’; and UNITED STATES CITIZENS AT THE assumptions established or used by the (D) by adding at the end the following: UNITED NATIONS. United Nations— ‘‘(C) with regard to any or all aliens in the Section 181 of the Foreign Relations Au- (A) to determine comparable positions be- database, specified data elements from each thorization Act, Fiscal Years 1992 and 1993 tween officials in the professional and higher record, if the Secretary of State determines (22 U.S.C. 276c–4) is amended to read as fol- categories of employment at the United Na- that it is in the national interest to provide lows: tions headquarters in New York, New York, such information to a foreign government.’’. and in the United States Federal civil serv- ‘‘SEC. 181. EMPLOYMENT OF UNITED STATES TITLE V—EMBASSY SECURITY CITIZENS BY CERTAIN INTER- ice; NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS. (B) to calculate the percentage difference, Subtitle A—Allocation of Authorized Security ‘‘Not later than 180 days after the date of or margin, between the compensation of such Appropriations. the enactment of the Department of State officials at the United Nations headquarters SEC. 501. WORLDWIDE SECURITY PROTECTION. Operations Authorization and Embassy Se- and the civil service; and (a) IN GENERAL.—Funds made available in curity Act, Fiscal Year 2016, and annually (C) to determine the margin range estab- fiscal year 2016 for worldwide security pro- thereafter, the Secretary of State shall sub- lished in United Nations General Assembly tection shall to the extent practicable, be- mit to Congress a report that provides— Resolution A/RES/40/244, or any subsequent fore any such funds may be allocated to any ‘‘(1) for each international organization margin range adopted by the United Nations other authorized purpose, be allocated for— that had a geographic distribution formula to govern compensation for United Nations (1) immediate threat mitigation support in in effect on January 1, 1991, an assessment of officials; accordance with subsection (b) at facilities whether that organization— (2) assesses, in accordance with the poli- determined to be high threat, high risk pur- ‘‘(A) is taking good faith steps to increase cies, procedures, and assumptions described suant to section 531; the staffing of United States citizens, includ- in paragraph (1), the margin between net sal- (2) immediate threat mitigation support in ing, as appropriate, as assessment of any ad- aries of officials in the professional and high- accordance with subsection (b) at other fa- ditional steps the organization could be tak- er categories of employment at the United cilities; and ing to increase such staffing; and Nations in New York and those of com- (3) locations with high vulnerabilities. ‘‘(B) has met the requirements of its geo- parable positions in the United States Fed- (b) IMMEDIATE THREAT MITIGATION SUPPORT graphic distribution formula; and eral civil service; PRIORITIZATION.—In allocating funding for

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00090 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.074 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE April 28, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2593 immediate threat mitigation support pursu- ‘‘(A) the Secretary may award contracts on tributed to the serious injury, loss of life, or ant to this section, the Secretary shall the basis of best value (as determined by a significant destruction of property, or the se- prioritize funding for— cost-technical tradeoff analysis), especially rious breach of security that is the subject of (1) the purchasing of additional security for posts determined to be high threat, high the Board’s examination as described in sub- equipment, including additional defensive risk pursuant to section 531 of the Depart- section (a),’’ after ‘‘breached the duty of that weaponry; ment of State Operations Authorization and individual’’; (2) the paying of expenses of additional se- Embassy Security Act, Fiscal Year 2016; and (2) by redesignating subsection (d) as sub- curity forces; and ‘‘(B) proposals received from United States section (e); and (3) any other purposes necessary to miti- persons and qualified United States joint (3) by inserting after subsection (c) the fol- gate immediate threats to United States per- venture persons shall be evaluated by reduc- lowing: sonnel serving overseas. ing the bid price by 10 percent;’’. ‘‘(d) MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTABILITY.—When- SEC. 502. EMBASSY SECURITY, CONSTRUCTION (b) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after ever a Board determines that an individual AND MAINTENANCE. the date of the enactment of this Act, the has engaged in any conduct described in sub- (a) IN GENERAL.—Funds made available in Secretary shall submit a report to the Com- section (c), the Board shall evaluate the fiscal year 2016 for Worldwide Security Up- mittee on Foreign Relations of the Senate level and effectiveness of management and grades within ‘‘embassy security, construc- and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the oversight conducted by employees or offi- tion and maintenance’’ shall to the extent House of Representatives that includes— cials in the management chain of such indi- practicable, before any funds may be allo- (1) an explanation of the implementation vidual.’’. cated to any other authorized purpose, be al- of section 136(c)(3) of the Foreign Relations SEC. 514. SECURITY ENHANCEMENTS FOR SOFT located in the prioritized order of— Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1990 and TARGETS. (1) immediate threat mitigation projects in 1991, as amended by subsection (a); and Section 29 of the State Department Basic accordance with subsection (b) at facilities (2) for each instance in which a contract is Authorities Act of 1956 (22 U.S.C. 2701) is determined to be high threat, high risk pur- awarded pursuant to subparagraph (A) of amended, in the third sentence, by inserting suant to section 531; such section, a written justification and ap- ‘‘physical security enhancements and’’ after (2) other security upgrades to facilities de- proval that describes the basis for such ‘‘Such assistance may include’’. termined to be high threat, high risk pursu- award and an explanation of the inability of Subtitle C—Marine Corps Security Guard ant to section 531; the Secretary to satisfy the needs of the De- Program (3) all other immediate threat mitigation partment by awarding a contract to the SEC. 521. ADDITIONAL REPORTS ON EXPANSION projects in accordance with subsection (b); technically acceptable firm offering the low- AND ENHANCEMENT OF MARINE and est evaluated price. CORPS SECURITY GUARD PROGRAM. (4) security upgrades to all other facilities SEC. 512. DISCIPLINARY ACTION RESULTING Section 1269(a)(2) of the Carl Levin and or new construction for facilities determined FROM UNSATISFACTORY LEADER- Howard P. ‘‘Buck’’ McKeon National Defense to be high threat, high risk pursuant to sec- SHIP IN RELATION TO A SECURITY Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2015 (Pub- tion 531. INCIDENT. lic Law 113–291; 10 U.S.C. 5983 note) is amend- (b) IMMEDIATE THREAT MITIGATION Section 304(c) of the Diplomatic Security ed by inserting ‘‘and not less frequently than PROJECTS PRIORITIZATION.—In allocating Act (22 U.S.C. 4834 (c)) is amended— once each year thereafter until the date that funding for immediate threat mitigation (1) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), and is three years after such date’’ after ‘‘of this projects pursuant to this section, the Sec- (3) as subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C), respec- Act’’. retary shall prioritize funding for the con- tively, and moving such subparagraphs, as so Subtitle D—Defending High Threat, High struction of safeguards that provide imme- redesignated, 2 ems to the right; Risk Posts diate security benefits and any other pur- (2) by striking ‘‘Whenever’’ in the first sen- SEC. 531. DESIGNATION AND REPORTING FOR poses necessary to mitigate immediate tence immediately following the subsection HIGH THREAT, HIGH RISK POSTS. threats to United States personnel serving heading and inserting the following: (a) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 90 overseas. ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Whenever’’; and days after the date of the enactment of this (c) ADDITIONAL LIMITATION.—No funds au- (3) by inserting at the end the following: Act and annually thereafter, the Secretary, thorized to be appropriated shall be obli- ‘‘(2) CERTAIN SECURITY INCIDENTS.— in consultation with the Director of National gated for new embassy construction, other ‘‘(A) UNSATISFACTORY LEADERSHIP.—Unsat- Intelligence and the Secretary of Defense, than for high threat, high risk facilities, un- isfactory leadership by a senior official with shall submit, to the Committee on Foreign less the Secretary certifies to the appro- respect to a security incident involving loss Relations of the Senate, the Select Com- priate congressional committees that— of life, serious injury, or significant destruc- mittee on Intelligence of the Senate, the (1) the Department has fully complied with tion of property at or related to a United Committee on Armed Services of the Senate, the requirements of subsection (a); States Government mission abroad may be the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the (2) high threat, high risk facilities are grounds for disciplinary action. House of Representatives, the Permanent Se- being secured to the best of the United ‘‘(B) DISCIPLINARY ACTION.—If a Board finds lect Committee on Intelligence of the House States Government’s ability; and reasonable cause to believe that a senior of- of Representatives, and the Committee on (3) the Secretary will make funds available ficial provided such unsatisfactory leader- Armed Services of the House of Representa- from the Embassy Security, Construction ship, the Board may recommend disciplinary tives, a classified report, with an unclassi- and Maintenance account or other sources to action subject to the procedures in para- fied summary, evaluating Department facili- address any changed security threats or new graph (1).’’. ties that the Secretary determines to be high or emergent security needs, including new SEC. 513. MANAGEMENT AND STAFF ACCOUNT- threat, high risk in accordance with sub- immediate threat mitigation projects. ABILITY. section (c). (d) REPORT.—The Secretary shall report to (a) AUTHORITY OF SECRETARY OF STATE.— (b) CONTENTS.—For each facility deter- the appropriate congressional committees Nothing in this Act or in any other provision mined to be high threat, high risk pursuant not later than 180 days after the date of the of law may be construed to prevent the Sec- to subsection (a), the report submitted under enactment of this Act on— retary from using all authorities invested in subsection (a) shall include— (1) funding for the priorities described in the office of Secretary to take personnel ac- (1) a narrative assessment describing the subsection (a); tion against any employee or official of the security threats and risks facing posts over- (2) efforts to secure high threat, high risk Department that the Secretary determines seas and the overall threat level to United facilities as well as high vulnerability loca- has breached the duty of that individual or States personnel under chief of mission au- tions facilities; and has engaged in misconduct or unsatis- thority; (3) plans to make funds available from the factorily performed the duties of employ- (2) the number of diplomatic security per- Embassy Security, Construction and Mainte- ment of that individual, and such mis- sonnel, Marine Corps security guards, and nance account or other sources to address conduct or unsatisfactory performance has other Department personnel dedicated to any changed security threats or new or significantly contributed to the serious in- providing security for United States per- emergent security needs, including new im- jury, loss of life, or significant destruction of sonnel, information, and facilities; mediate threat mitigation projects. property, or a serious breach of security, (3) an assessment of host nation willing- Subtitle B—Contracting and Other Matters. even if such action is the subject of an Ac- ness and capability to provide protection in SEC. 511. LOCAL GUARD CONTRACTS ABROAD countability Review Board’s examination the event of a security threat or incident, UNDER DIPLOMATIC SECURITY PRO- under section 304(a) of the Diplomatic Secu- pursuant to the obligations of the United GRAM. rity Act (22 U.S.C. 4834(a)). States under the Vienna Convention on Con- (a) IN GENERAL.—Section 136(c)(3) of the (b) ACCOUNTABILITY.—Section 304 of the sular Relations, done at Vienna April 24, Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Diplomatic Security Act (22 U.S.C. 4834) is 1963, and the 1961 Vienna Convention on Dip- Years 1990 and 1991 (22 U.S.C. 4864(c)(3)) is amended— lomatic Relations, done at Vienna April 18, amended to read as follows: (1) in subsection (c), by inserting ‘‘or has 1961; ‘‘(3) in evaluating proposals for such con- engaged in misconduct or unsatisfactorily (4) an assessment of the quality and experi- tracts, award contracts to technically ac- performed the duties of employment of that ence level of the team of United States sen- ceptable firms offering the lowest evaluated individual, and such misconduct or unsatis- ior security personnel assigned to the facil- price, except that— factory performance has significantly con- ity, considering collectively the assignment

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00091 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.074 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2594 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 durations and lengths of government experi- SEC. 532. DESIGNATION AND REPORTING FOR ‘‘(4) Other government or private sector ex- ence; HIGH-RISK COUNTERINTELLIGENCE perience substantially equivalent to service (5) the number of Foreign Service Officers THREAT POSTS. in the positions listed in paragraphs (1) who have received Foreign Affairs Counter (a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: through (3).’’. Threat training; (1) APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CON- SEC. 534. SECURITY ENVIRONMENT THREAT LIST (6) a summary of the requests made during GRESS.—The term ‘‘appropriate committees BRIEFINGS. the previous calendar year for additional re- of Congress’’ means— (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days sources, equipment, or personnel related to (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of after the date of the enactment of this Act the security of the facility and the status of the Senate; and upon each subsequent update of the Se- such requests; (B) the Select Committee on Intelligence curity Environment Threat List (SETL), the (7) an assessment of the ability of United of the Senate; Assistant Secretary of State for Diplomatic States personnel to respond to and survive a (C) the Committee on Armed Services of Security shall provide classified briefings to fire attack, including— the Senate; the appropriate congressional committees on (A) whether the facility has adequate fire (D) the Committee on Appropriations of the Security Environment Threat List. safety and security equipment for safe ha- the Senate; (b) CONTENT.—The briefings required under vens and safe areas; and (E) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of subsection (a) shall include— (B) whether the employees working at the the House of Representatives; (1) an overview of the Security Environ- facility have been adequately trained on the (F) the Permanent Select Committee on ment Threat List; and equipment available; Intelligence of the House of Representatives; (2) a summary assessment of the security (8) if it is a new facility, a detailed descrip- (G) the Committee on Armed Services of posture of those facilities where the Security tion of the steps taken to provide security the House of Representatives; and Environment Threat List assesses the threat for the new facility, including whether a (H) the Committee on Appropriations of environment to be most acute, including fac- dedicated support cell was established in the the House of Representatives tors that informed such assessment. Department to ensure proper and timely (2) PRIORITY 1 COUNTERINTELLIGENCE SEC. 535. COMPTROLLER GENERAL OF THE resourcing of security; and THREAT NATION.—The term ‘‘Priority 1 Coun- UNITED STATES REPORT ON IMPLE- (9) a listing of any high threat, high risk terintelligence Threat Nation’’ means a MENTATION OF BENGHAZI AC- facilities where the facilities of the Depart- country designated as such by the October COUNTABILITY REVIEW BOARD REC- ment and other government agencies are not 2012 National Intelligence Priorities Frame- OMMENDATIONS. collocated, including— work (NIPF). (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, (A) a rationale for the lack of collocation; (b) REPORT REQUIRED.— the Comptroller General of the United States and (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days shall submit a report to the Committee on (B) a description of what steps, if any, are after the date of the enactment of this Act, Foreign Relations of the Senate and the being taken to mitigate potential security the Secretary, in conjunction with appro- Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House vulnerabilities associated with the lack of priate officials in the intelligence commu- of Representatives that describes the collocation. nity and the Secretary of Defense, shall sub- progress of the Secretary in implementing (c) DETERMINATION OF HIGH THREAT, HIGH mit a report to the appropriate committees the recommendations of the Benghazi Ac- RISK FACILITY.—In determining which facili- of Congress that assesses the counterintel- countability Review Board. ties of the Department constitute high ligence threat to United States diplomatic (b) CONTENT.—The report required under threat, high risk facilities under this sec- facilities in Priority 1 Counterintelligence tion, the Secretary shall take into account subsection (a) shall include— Threat Nations. (1) an assessment of the progress the Sec- with respect to each facility whether there (2) CONTENTS.—The report required under are— retary has made in implementing each spe- paragraph (1) shall include— cific recommendation of the Accountability (1) high to critical levels of political vio- (A) an assessment of the use of locally em- lence or terrorism; Review Board; and ployed staff and guard forces and a listing of (2) a description of any impediments to (2) national or local governments with in- diplomatic facilities in Priority 1 Counter- adequate capacity or political will to provide recommended reforms, such as budget con- intelligence Threat Nations without con- straints, bureaucratic obstacles within the appropriate protection; and trolled access areas; and (3) in locations where there are high to Department or in the broader interagency (B) recommendations for mitigating any community, or limitations under current critical levels of political violence or ter- counterintelligence threats and for any nec- rorism or where national or local govern- law. essary facility upgrades, including costs as- (c) FORM.—The report required under sub- ments lack the capacity or political will to sessment of any recommended mitigation or section (a) shall be submitted in unclassified provide appropriate protection— upgrades. form but may contain a classified annex. (A) mission physical security platforms SEC. 533. ENHANCED QUALIFICATIONS FOR DEP- that fall well below the Department’s estab- SEC. 536. FOREIGN AFFAIRS SECURITY TRAINING UTY ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF CENTER. lished standards; or STATE FOR HIGH THREAT, HIGH (a) OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET.— RISK POSTS. (B) security personnel levels that are insuf- Not later than 60 days after the date of the The Omnibus Diplomatic Security and ficient for the circumstances. enactment of this Act, the Director of the (d) INSPECTOR GENERAL REVIEW AND RE- Antiterrorism Act of 1986 is amended by in- Office of Management and Budget shall pro- PORT.—The Inspector General for the Depart- serting after section 206 (22 U.S.C. 4824) the vide to the appropriate congressional com- ment of State and the Broadcasting Board of following new section: mittees all documents and materials related Governors shall annually— ‘‘SEC. 207. DEPUTY ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF to its consideration and analysis concerning (1) review the determinations of the Sec- STATE FOR HIGH THREAT, HIGH the Foreign Affairs Security Training Center retary with respect to high threat, high risk RISK POSTS. at Fort Picket, Virginia, and any alternative facilities, including the basis for making ‘‘The individual serving as Deputy Assist- facilities. such determinations; ant Secretary of State for High Threat, High (b) DEPARTMENT OF STATE.—Not later than (2) review contingency planning for high Risk Posts shall have 1 or more of the fol- 60 days after the date of the enactment of threat, high risk facilities and evaluate the lowing qualifications: this Act, the Secretary shall provide to the measures in place to respond to attacks on ‘‘(1) Service during the last 6 years at 1 or appropriate congressional committees all such facilities; more posts designated as high threat, high documents and materials related to the de- (3) review the risk mitigation measures in risk by the Secretary of State at the time of termination to construct a new Foreign Af- place at high threat, high risk facilities to service. fairs Security Training Center at Fort Pick- determine how the Secretary evaluates risk ‘‘(2) Previous service as the office director et, Virginia, including any that are related and whether the measures put in place suffi- or deputy director of 1 or more of the fol- to the development and adoption of all re- ciently address the relevant risks; lowing Department of State offices or suc- lated training requirements, including any (4) review early warning systems in place cessor entities carrying out substantively documents and materials related to the con- at high threat, high risk facilities and evalu- equivalent functions: sideration and analysis of such facility per- ate the measures being taken to preempt and ‘‘(A) The Office of Mobile Security Deploy- formed by the Office of Management and disrupt threats to such facilities; and ments. Budget. (5) provide to the appropriate congres- ‘‘(B) The Office of Special Programs and SEC. 537. LANGUAGE TRAINING. sional committees— Coordination. (a) IN GENERAL.—Title IV of the Diplo- (A) an assessment of the determinations of ‘‘(C) The Office of Overseas Protective Op- matic Security Act (22 U.S.C. 4851 et seq.) is the Secretary with respect to high threat, erations. amended by adding at the end the following: high risk facilities, including recommenda- ‘‘(D) The Office of Physical Security Pro- ‘‘SEC. 416. LANGUAGE REQUIREMENTS FOR DIP- tions for additions or changes to the list of grams. LOMATIC SECURITY PERSONNEL AS- such facilities; and ‘‘(E) The Office of Intelligence and Threat SIGNED TO HIGH THREAT, HIGH (B) a report on the reviews and evaluations Analysis. RISK POSTS. undertaken pursuant to paragraphs (1) ‘‘(3) Previous service as the Regional Secu- ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Diplomatic security per- through (4). rity Officer at two or more overseas posts. sonnel assigned permanently to, or who are

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serving in, long-term temporary duty status State and Broadcasting Board of Governors, ‘‘(vii) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in as designated by the Secretary of State at a shall certify to the appropriate congressional this subparagraph may be interpreted to af- high threat, high risk post should receive committees that the Department has made fect any duty or authority of the Inspector language training described in subsection (b) reasonable efforts to ensure the integrity General under any provision of law, includ- in order to prepare such personnel for duty and independence of the Office of the Inspec- ing the Inspector General’s duties or au- requirements at such post. tor General Information Technology sys- thorities under the Inspector General Act.’’. ‘‘(b) LANGUAGE TRAINING DESCRIBED.—Lan- tems. SEC. 605. REPORT ON INSPECTOR GENERAL IN- guage training referred to in subsection (a) SEC. 604. PROTECTING THE INTEGRITY OF IN- SPECTION AND AUDITING OF FOR- should prepare personnel described in such TERNAL INVESTIGATIONS. EIGN SERVICE POSTS AND BUREAUS subsection— Section 209(c)(5) of the Foreign Service Act AND OPERATING UNITS DEPART- MENT OF STATE. ‘‘(1) to speak the language at issue with of 1980 (22 U.S.C. 3929(c)(5)) is amended by in- (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days sufficient structural accuracy and vocabu- serting at the end the following new subpara- after the date of the enactment of this Act, lary to participate effectively in most formal graph: the Secretary shall submit a report to Con- and informal conversations on subjects ger- ‘‘(C) REQUIRED REPORTING OF ALLEGATIONS gress on the requirement under section mane to security; and AND INVESTIGATIONS AND INSPECTOR GENERAL 209(a)(1) of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 (22 ‘‘(2) to read within an adequate range of AUTHORITY.— U.S.C. 3929(a)(1)) that the Inspector General speed and with almost complete comprehen- ‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—Each bureau, post or of the Department of State and Broadcasting sion on subjects germane to security. other office (in this subparagraph, an ‘enti- Board of Governors inspect and audit, at ‘‘(c) INSPECTOR GENERAL REVIEW.—Not ty’) of the Department of State shall, within least every 5 years, the administration of ac- later than September 30, 2016, the Inspector five business days, report to the Inspector tivities and operations of each Foreign Serv- General of the Department of State and General any allegations of— ice post and each bureau and other operating Broadcasting Board of Governors shall— ‘‘(I) waste, fraud, or abuse in a Department unit of the Department. ‘‘(1) review the language training con- program or operation; (b) CONSIDERATION OF MULTI-TIER SYS- ducted pursuant to this section; and ‘‘(II) criminal or serious misconduct on the TEM.—The report required under subsection ‘‘(2) make the results of such review avail- part of a Department employee at the FS–1, (a) shall assess the advisability and feasi- able to the Secretary of State and the appro- GS–15, GM–15 level or higher; bility of implementing a multi-tier system priate congressional committees.’’. ‘‘(III) criminal misconduct on the part of for inspecting Foreign Service posts fea- (b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of any Department employee; and turing more (or less) frequent inspections contents of the Omnibus Diplomatic Secu- ‘‘(IV) serious, noncriminal misconduct on and audits of posts based on risk, including rity and Antiterrorism Act of 1986 (Public the part of any individual who is authorized security risk, as may be determined by the Law 99–399) is amended by inserting after the to carry a weapon, make arrests, or conduct Inspector General. item relating the section 415 the following: searches, such as conduct that, if proved, (c) COMPOSITION.—The report required ‘‘Sec. 416. Language requirements for diplo- would constitute perjury or material dishon- under subsection (a) shall include separate matic security personnel as- esty, warrant suspension as discipline for a portions prepared by the Inspector General signed to high threat, high risk first offense, or result in loss of law enforce- of the Department of State and Broadcasting posts.’’. ment authority. Board of Governors, and the Comptroller ‘‘(ii) INSPECTOR GENERAL AUTHORITY.—The Subtitle E—Accountability Review Boards General of the United States, respectively. Inspector General may, pursuant to existing SEC. 541. PROVISION OF COPIES OF ACCOUNT- authority, investigate matters covered by ABILITY REVIEW BOARD REPORTS f TO CONGRESS. clause (i). Not later than 2 days after an Account- ‘‘(iii) LIMITATION ON INVESTIGATIONS OUT- SIDE OF OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL.—No ORDERS FOR MONDAY, MAY 2, 2016, ability Review Board provides its report to THROUGH MONDAY, MAY 9, 2016 the Secretary of State in accordance with entity in the Department of State with con- title III of the Omnibus Diplomatic and current jurisdiction over matters covered by Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I Antiterrorism Act of 1986 (22 U.S.C. 4831 et clause (i), including the Bureau of Diplo- ask unanimous consent that when the seq.), the Secretary shall provide copies of matic Security, may initiate an investiga- Senate completes its business today, it the report to the majority leader of the Sen- tion of such matter unless it has first re- ported the allegations to the Inspector Gen- adjourn, to then convene for pro forma ate, the minority leader of the Senate, the sessions only, with no business being Speaker of the House of Representatives, the eral as required by clause (i), except as pro- majority leader of the House of Representa- vided in clause (v) and (vi). conducted, on the following dates and tives, and the minority leader of the House ‘‘(iv) COOPERATION.—If an entity in the De- times, and that following each pro of Representatives, and to the appropriate partment of State initiates an investigation forma session, the Senate adjourn until congressional committees for retention and of a matter covered in clause (i) the entity the next pro forma session: Monday, review by those committees. must, except as provided in clause (v), fully May 2, at 2 p.m., Thursday, May 5, at cooperate with the Inspector General, in- SEC. 542. STAFFING. 11:30 a.m.; I further ask that when the cluding— Section 302(b)(2) of the Diplomatic Secu- ‘‘(I) by providing to the Inspector General Senate adjourns on Thursday, May 5, it rity Act (22 U.S.C. 4832(b)(2)) is amended by all data and records obtained in connection next convene at 3 p.m., Monday, May 9; adding at the end the following: ‘‘Such per- with its investigation upon request of the In- that following the prayer and pledge, sons shall be drawn from bureaus or other spector General; the morning hour be deemed expired, agency subunits that are not impacted by ‘‘(II) by coordinating, at the request of the the incident that is the subject of the the Journal of proceedings be approved Inspector General, such entity’s investiga- Board’s review.’’. to date, and the time for the two lead- tion with the Inspector General; and TITLE VI—MANAGEMENT AND ers be reserved for their use later in ‘‘(III) by providing to the Inspector Gen- the day; that following leader remarks, ACCOUNTABILITY eral requested support in aid of the Inspector SEC. 601. SHORT TITLE. General’s oversight and investigative respon- the Senate be in a period of morning This title may be cited at the ‘‘Improving sibilities. business until 4 p.m., with Senators Department of State Oversight Act of 2015’’. ‘‘(v) EXCEPTIONS.—The Inspector General permitted to speak therein for up to 10 SEC. 602. COMPETITIVE HIRING STATUS FOR may prescribe general rules under which any minutes each; further, that following FORMER EMPLOYEES OF THE SPE- requirement of clause (iii) or clause (iv) may morning business, the Senate then re- CIAL INSPECTOR GENERAL FOR be dispensed with. sume consideration of H.R. 2028, with IRAQ RECONSTRUCTION. ‘‘(vi) EXIGENT CIRCUMSTANCES.—Compli- the time until 5:30 p.m. equally divided Notwithstanding any other provision of ance with clauses (i), (iii), and (iv) of this between the two managers or their des- law, any employee of the Special Inspector subparagraph may be dispensed with by an General for Iraq Reconstruction who com- entity of the Department of State if com- ignees; further, that notwithstanding pletes at least 12 months of service at any plying with them in an exigent circumstance the provisions of rule XXII, the cloture time prior to the date of the termination of would pose an imminent threat to human vote with respect to the Alexander sub- the Special Inspector General for Iraq Recon- life, health or safety, or result in the irre- stitute amendment No. 3801 occur at struction (October 5, 2013), and was not ter- trievable loss or destruction of critical evi- 5:30 p.m.; finally, that for the purposes minated for cause shall acquire competitive dence or witness testimony, in which case a of rule XXII, the filing deadline for all status for appointment to any position in report of the allegation shall be made not first-degree amendments to the Alex- the competitive service for which the em- later than 48 hours after an entity begins an ander substitute amendment No. 3801 ployee possesses the required qualifications. investigation under the authority of this be at 3:30 p.m. and the second-degree SEC. 603. ASSURANCE OF INDEPENDENCE OF IT clause and cooperation required under clause SYSTEMS. (iv) shall commence not later than 48 hours filing deadline occur under rule XXII. The Secretary, with the concurrence of the after the relevant exigent circumstance has The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Inspector General of the Department of ended. objection, it is so ordered.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00093 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.074 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2596 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 To be lieutenant colonel BRATCHA J. KELLUM ADJOURNMENT UNTIL MONDAY, PATRICK L. KENDRICK MAY 2, 2016, AT 2 P.M. MICHELLE M. AGPALZA ALI A. KHANHERNANDEZ MATTHEW H. ALEXANDER GRACE H. KIM Mr. MCCONNELL. If there is no fur- NICOLE D. ALEXANDER PATRICK L. KNIGHT CHRISTOPHER J. ANDERSON JULIA M. KOBISKA ther business to come before the Sen- ERIC W. ANDERSON EVERETT LACROIX ate, I ask unanimous consent that it REGINALD J. ANDERSON DANIEL A. LANCASTER CORY D. ARMSTEAD JOHN W. LANKFORD, JR. stand adjourned under the previous ALEXANDER C. BABINGTON MARIWIN B. LARA order. CHRISTOPHER R. BAILEY RENANTE L. LASALA KATRESHA M. BAILEY ANTHONY L. LEACH There being no objection, the Senate, SCOTT A. BAILEY MOSES J. LEE at 7:42 p.m., adjourned until Monday, JASON A. BALLARD RANDY P. LEFEBVRE ROBERT J. BARTRUFF, JR. JOHN J. LIANG May 2, 2016, at 2 p.m. DANIEL B. BATEMAN KAREN F. LIEB f DAVID J. BENJAMIN III MICHAEL P. LILES ADAM C. BERLEW JAMES A. LINDH II NOMINATIONS DUSTIN G. BISHOP TASHA N. LOWERY JONATHAN A. BODENHAMER GAVIN O. LUHER Executive nominations received by BRYAN M. BOGARDUS RANDALL A. LUMMER ANTWAN D. BROWN REBEKAH S. LUST the Senate: CARLA A. BROWN ANDREW J. LYNCH FRANKLIN J. BUKOSKI PAUL B. MADDEN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF REGISTERED AGENTS JAMES R. BURKES ALINA C. MARTINEZ AND BROKERS JEFFREY M. BURNETT JUAN C. MARTINEZBERNARD MARK S. CAMPBELL BYRON C. MATTHEWS ANGELA L. KOKOSKO RIPLEY, OF MARYLAND, TO BE A CHRISTOPHER L. CAMPHOR NATHAN G. MCDOUGLE MEMBER OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE NA- DEBBIE Y. CASE JAMES M. MCGEE TIONAL ASSOCIATION OF REGISTERED AGENTS AND TIMOTHY J. CATALANO STEPHEN P. MCGOWAN BROKERS FOR A TERM OF TWO YEARS. (NEW POSITION) CARYDANIEL CEGLEDI JOHN W. MCGRADY NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS AND THE CHRISTOPHER L. CENTER KENNETH W. MCGRAW ANTHONY F. CERELLA MATTHEW J. MCGRAW HUMANITIES MARCOS A. CERVANTES JOSEPH V. MESSINA INDERA Z. L. CHANDLER DWAYNE S. MILBURN LESLIE GREENE BOWMAN, OF VIRGINIA, TO BE A MEM- THOMAS W. CHANDLER III ADAM M. MILLER BER OF THE NATIONAL COUNCIL ON THE HUMANITIES CHRISTOPHER G. CHAPMAN JADE P. MILLER FOR A TERM EXPIRING JANUARY 26, 2022, VICE MARTHA GEORGE W. CHILDS III RICHARD P. MILLOY WAGNER WEINBERG, TERM EXPIRED. VICTOR J. CINTRONVELEZ JOHN D. MITCHEL GEORGE SANCHEZ, OF CALIFORNIA, TO BE A MEMBER NATASHA S. CLARKE THOMAS R. MONAGHAN, JR. OF THE NATIONAL COUNCIL ON THE HUMANITIES FOR A TORRANCE G. CLEVELAND CHARLES L. MONTGOMERY TERM EXPIRING JANUARY 26, 2022, VICE DOROTHY JASON A. COLE PHILLIP E. MOORE KOSINSKI, TERM EXPIRED. JAMES I. COLLAZO JOHANNA L. MORA DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD JOHN E. COOPER DAVID B. MOSER MATTHEW D. COX DONYEILL A. MOZER GAIL H. MARCUS, OF MARYLAND, TO BE A MEMBER OF JAMES L. CROCKER SHAWN P. MUDER THE DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD FOR RONNIE C. CROSBY AIMEE C. MYRICK A TERM EXPIRING OCTOBER 18, 2018, VICE JESSIE HILL MALENM CRUZSEGARRA CHRISTOPHER M. NEAL ROBERSON, TERM EXPIRED. JOHN M. CULLEN, JR. RYAN C. NESRSTA DAMIAN R. CUNNINGHAM ROBERT W. NEWSOM IV NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD WADE R. CUNNINGHAM JENNIFER L. NEWSOME KENT YOSHIHO HIROZAWA, OF NEW YORK, TO BE A MICHAEL J. CUPP PETER D. NIENHAUS MEMBER OF THE NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD CRAIG A. DANIEL MATTHEW P. NISCHWITZ FOR THE TERM OF FIVE YEARS EXPIRING AUGUST 27, GREGORY S. DARLING RYAN E. OCAMPO 2021. (REAPPOINTMENT) KYLE D. DAVIDSON JEREMIAH S. OCONNOR JUSTIN L. DEARMOND DEANNE M. OJEDA THE JUDICIARY FABIENNE DENNERY JAMES U. OKEKE HOWARD R. DONALDSON ANGEL R. ORTIZMEDINA PATRICIA D. BARKSDALE, OF FLORIDA, TO BE UNITED STEVEN M. DUBUC JOHN A. PADGETT STATES DISTRICT JUDGE FOR THE MIDDLE DISTRICT OF NELSON E. DUCKSON WILLIAM J. PARKER III FLORIDA, VICE JOHN E. STEELE, RETIRED. EMANUEL M. DUDLEY TERRELL D. PASLEY TODD E. EDELMAN, OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, TO CHARLES D. ECKSTROM THOMAS J. PATTERSON III BE UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE FOR THE DISTRICT STACY M. ENYEART CHAD A. PEDIGO OF COLUMBIA, VICE RICHARD W. ROBERTS, RETIRED. JACQUELINE S. L. ESCOBAR PATRICIA A. PEELER WILLIAM F. JUNG, OF FLORIDA, TO BE UNITED STATES GILBERTO ESCOBEDO FRANCISCO PENA DISTRICT JUDGE FOR THE MIDDLE DISTRICT OF FLOR- JANA K. FAJARDO GERALDO A. PERALTA IDA, VICE ANNE C. CONWAY, RETIRED. PATRICK D. FARRELL ROLANDO PEREZCRUZ PHILIP R. LAMMENS, OF FLORIDA, TO BE UNITED PHOEBE E. FLYNN CURTIS S. PERKINS STATES DISTRICT JUDGE FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT SCOTT A. FRANCIS WILLIAM C. PERKINS OF FLORIDA, VICE JOHN RICHARD SMOAK, RETIRED. RICHARD D. FRANK THEODORE J. PETERS FLORENCE Y. PAN, OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, TO RYAN B. GALLION TERRY A. PHILLIPS BE UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE FOR THE DISTRICT CHRISTOPHER J. GARVIN JEREMIAH D. POPE OF COLUMBIA, VICE REGGIE B. WALTON, RETIRED. JOSHUA S. GINN JEFFREY A. POQUETTE REGINA M. RODRIGUEZ, OF COLORADO, TO BE UNITED JOEL P. GLEASON ANTONIO V. A. PRESSLEY STATES DISTRICT JUDGE FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLO- ALEXANDER J. GONZALES RICHARD A. PRIER RADO, VICE ROBERT E. BLACKBURN, RETIRED. JEREMY C. GOTTSHALL GABRIEL W. PRYOR PATRICIA ANN TIMMONS–GOODSON, OF NORTH CARO- THOMAS E. GOYETTE EDGARDO A. PUENTE LINA, TO BE UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE FOR THE JOHN E. GRAY, JR. ELIZABETH S. PURA EASTERN DISTRICT OF NORTH CAROLINA, VICE MAL- ADAM W. GREIN JENNIFER L. RADER COLM J. HOWARD, RETIRED. WILLIAM J. GRIFFIN DOUGLAS N. RALPH ANNE RACHEL TRAUM, OF NEVADA, TO BE UNITED ROSE A. GUERRERO STEPHEN D. RAMELLA STATES DISTRICT JUDGE FOR THE DISTRICT OF NE- DAVID G. GUIDA JONATHAN P. RAMIREZ VADA, VICE ROBERT CLIVE JONES, RETIRED. DION HALL DANIEL O. RAMOS ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION CHRISTOPHER P. HAMMAN RACINE R. RANDOLPH KEVIN M. HARRIS SHERDRICK S. RANKIN KATHLEEN MARIE MARSHALL, OF NEVADA, TO BE A MICHAEL J. HARRIS MICHAEL S. RASCO MEMBER OF THE ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION TRAVIS HARRIS ALEXANDER P. RASMUSSEN FOR A TERM EXPIRING DECEMBER 12, 2019, VICE ROSE- THOMAS J. HEILMAN JOSE L. RAYAESCUTIA MARY E. RODRIGUEZ, TERM EXPIRED. CYNTHIA P. HENDERSON WILLIAM A. REKER IN THE ARMY TRACIE M. HENRYNEILL TIMOTHY M. RENAHAN JON A. HERMESCH MATTHEW O. REYNOLDS THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT JOSE HERNANDEZ THURMAN C. REYNOLDS IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY TO THE GRADE INDICATED UCHE T. HEYWARD JOHN V. RIOS WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE AND TIMOTHY R. HICKMAN LUIS R. RIVERA RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 601: RACHAEL M. HOAGLAND LILLIAN A. ROBINSON NORMAN B. HODGES IV MICHAEL P. RODER To be lieutenant general DEREK W. HOFFMAN MCKEAL L. RODGERS MAJ. GEN. MICHAEL D. LUNDY KENNETH A. HOISINGTON ANTHONY B. ROGERS CASEY J. HOLLER ARTURO ROQUE THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT PAUL C. HUBBARD ROBERT J. ROWE IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY TO THE GRADE INDICATED JOEL A. HUFT JOHN M. RUTHS WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE AND MICHAEL F. IANNUCCILLI JOHN V. SALLING RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 601: ALANA R. JACKMAN JUAN R. SANTIAGO, JR. To be lieutenant general IRVIN W. JACKSON ROY M. SARAVIA THOMAS D. JAGIELSKI MICHELLE L. SCHAUMBURG MAJ. GEN. JEFFREY S. BUCHANAN ANDRE J. JOHNSON JASON W. SCHULTZ THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT PATRICE N. JOHNSON WILLIAM S. SCHUYLER, JR. AS THE DEAN OF THE ACADEMIC BOARD, UNITED STATES SCOTT R. JOHNSON CLARISSE SCOTT MILITARY ACADEMY, AND FOR APPOINTMENT TO THE BRIAN K. JONES JEFFREY J. SCOTT GRADE INDICATED UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 4335: CENTRELL A. JONES SHAWN M. SEFFERNICK CHRISTOPHER S. JONES TRAVIS L. SEPT To be brigadier general LEAH N. JONES JAVIER SEPULVEDATORRES MATTHEW S. JONES JESSICA R. SEXTON COL. CINDY R. JEBB RANDY F. JONES DERRICK N. SHAW THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT RICARDO D. JONES JEFF A. SHEARIN TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY SAMUEL J. JUNGMAN KEVIN P. SHILLEY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: JEET H. KAJI ALPHONSO SIMMONS, JR.

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QUINTINA V. SMILEY TRAVIS P. DETTMER PHILIP A. MESSER DONALD D. SMITH PETER DIGIORGIO MARK P. MICHELS JEFFREY A. SMITH WILLIAM A. DONALDSON APRIL D. MILLER KEVIN L. SMITH WILLIAM R. DUFFY JOSHUA T. MILLER CALINA M. SNYDER TIMOTHY J. DUGAN LAUREN J. S. MILLER EDGARDO SOSTRE NATHANIEL DURANT III PATRICK J. MILLER LAVERNE O. STANLEY JOHN N. DVORAK RICHARD S. MILLS II ROSHUN A. STEELE RUSSELL J. EDMISTON KRISTOPHER S. MITCHELL GEORGE C. STEPHAN IV ROBERT A. ERICKSON KELLY D. MONTGOMERY KYLE L. STEVENS KENNETH C. EVANS RONANDO D. MOORE KELLY M. STEWART JASON C. FARMER DYLAN M. MORELLE CECIL D. STINNIE WILLIAM A. FERRARO CHRISTOPHER F. MORRELL LAKICIA R. STOKES JOHN D. FINCH JASON D. MOULTON JEFFREY R. STRAUSS MICHAEL A. FINDLAY AIMEE J. MOWRY MARTIN L. STUFFLEBEAM JEFFREY D. FISH DWAYNE A. MURRAY COURTNEY M. SUGAI MARK A. FISHER JONATHAN C. NARVAES TERRENCE J. SULLIVAN HEATHER M. FISK PETER C. NELSON CHRISTINE M. TAKATS CHRISTOPHER P. FOLK RYAN L. NENABER JOSEPH E. TAYLOR DAVID FORD, JR. RICHARD A. NESSEL JENNIFER V. THIBEAULT FLOYD C. FORREST LOUIS V. NETHERLAND LYDIA Y. THORNTON DANIEL L. FOX AARON M. NEWCOMER LOREN D. TODD SAMUEL T. FULLER RUSSELL G. NOWELS KEITH D. TOLER RANDALL M. GABLE RUSSELL F. NUNLEY PAUL A. TOMCIK JASON J. GALUI KEVIN P. OCONNELL ISAAC M. TORRES JOSEPH N. GARDNER JOSEPH M. ODORIZZI CARITA K. TOWNS RICHARD C. GERMANN AMMILEE A. OLIVA NOBLE TURNER, JR. RONNIE E. GERONIMO STEVEN J. OLSON LEILANI M. TYDINGCO TIMOTHY M. GIBBONS JOHN P. OPLADEN JOHN F. VANN JOSEPH I. GILBERT ROGER B. ORDONEZ THOMAS A. VELAZQUEZ II ROBERT B. GILLESPIE DUSTIN R. ORNATOWSKI BRADLEY S. WAITE DAVID M. GOHLICH RANDY T. OVERSTREET KEVIN J. WARD JAMES T. GOLBY THOMAS J. PAFF MOLLY J. WEAVER LESLIE D. GORMAN MARCELO V. PAJO THOMAS J. WHIPPLE MATTHEW W. GRAHAM MICHAEL A. PANARO III BRIAN A. WHITE WILLIAM B. GREEN JIN W. PARK OSHEA J. WHITE STEVEN J. GRIBSCHAW GABRIEL R. PARSLEY GARY D. WHITTACRE KEVIN J. GROPPEL WILLIAM W. PARSONS STEVEN D. GUNTER SONDRA L. WILKERSON KERI A. PASQUINI HEATHER N. GUNTHER RODRIC G. PAULETTO BARRY L. WILLIAMS ROBERT A. HAMMACK ALEXIS A. PEAKE JAMAL T. WILLIAMS JENNIFER K. HAN HERIBERTO PEREZRIVERA LATORRIS E. WILLIAMS JOHN J. HANES DAVID A. PHEASANT TERRENCE D. WILLIAMS LEIF A. HANSEN CLINDON J. PHILLIPS COREY D. WOODS EDD D. HARRISON, JR. THOMAS D. PIKE CURTIS L. YANKIE JONPAUL J. HART JAMES C. PILKAUSKAS ANDRE M. C. YEE RICHARD E. HARTNEY III CHAD M. PILLAI CHRISTINE R. YOUNGQUIST JARED B. HARTY DALE L. PITTMAN BROCK A. ZIMMERMAN RACHELLE T. HATHAWAY DANIEL J. POOLE D010800 CHRISTINA HAYES ELIZABETH M. POPIAK D012116 PATRICK T. HEMMER ROSALBA POULOS D012924 ROBERTO HERNANDEZ SUKHDEV S. PUREWAL D012925 WILLIAM M. HIGGINS PHILLIP RADZIKOWSKI D012971 THOMAS W. HIGGINSON SIEGFRIED T. RAMIL THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT NINA L. HILL GEORGE C. RANDOLPH, JR. TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY JENNIFER A. HINKLE NATHAN T. REED UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: ANTONIO A. HINOJOSA JAYNA B. REICHERT To be lieutenant colonel DEAN L. HINRICHSEN JEREMY M. RIEHL BINH T. HO JOHN P. RINGQUIST JACOB I. ABRAMI DEVIN M. HOLLINGSWORTH ADELISSE RIOJAS ERIC R. ADAMS DAVID T. HORD RYAN M. ROBERTS BENJAMIN K. AFEKU MICHAEL J. HOSLER JOSE N. RODRIGUEZOCASIO JAY H. ANSON BENJAMIN W. K. HUNG ADALBERTO RODRIGUEZOLIVERA CHARLES M. AZOTEA STEPHEN E. HUNT, JR. MICHAEL P. ROGOWSKI TERENCE W. BACON YESENIA HUTCHER ANDREA M. ROSALES HOSSEIN D. BAHAGHIGHAT RONALD IAMMARTINO, JR. ROBERT RUBIANO ROBERT J. BAKER PAUL E. IRELAND ROBERTO J. SANTIAGO PAUL W. BALDWIN BRADLEY J. ISLER DONALD W. SAPP SEAN A. BARBARAS JASON E. ISON NATHAN C. SAUL MICHAEL A. BARKER ERICA R. IVERSON ASSLAN SAYYAR KURT M. BARNEY LASHAUNDA R. JACKSON JOSEPH E. SCHAEFER CHRISTINA A. BEMBENEK MICHAEL T. JACKSON NATHAN G. SCHMIDT JASON R. BIERKORTTE JEFFREY S. JAGER CLIFTON D. SCHMITT JASON D. BILLINGTON JUNEL R. JEFFREY PETER L. SCHNEIDER CHRISTIAN C. BJORNSON BIJI T. JOHN JEFFREY F. SCHROEDER DAVID J. BLACK EUGENE L. JOLLY III KEVIN A. SCOTT JEREMY S. BOARDMAN COURTNEY E. JONES IAN P. SEIN VINCENT J. BONCICH KEVIN T. JOYCE BENJAMIN K. SELZER THOMAS J. BOUCHILLON BRIAN F. KAMMERER ROBERT J. SHADOWENS ANDREW S. BROKHOFF JOSHUA D. KASER BENJAMIN J. SHAHA ERICKA M. BROOKS SCOTT W. KEY CHRISTOPHER M. SIMCOE JASON C. BROWN ANDREW R. KICK CRAYTON E. SIMMONS JARED L. BUCHANAN NADINE M. C. KING STEPHEN T. SKELLS STEPHEN A. BULTMANN JILLIAN M. KLUG BENJAMIN M. SMITH JOSHUA M. BUNDT KENNETH S. KONDO, JR. WILLIAM T. SMITH RYAN H. BURKE JOSEPH T. KOSEK III JARED W. SNAWDER MICHAEL P. BURNS PHILLIP M. LACASSE RICHARD J. SONNENFELD RETT B. BURROUGHS THOMAS LAFLASH PATRICK L. SOULE MICHAEL R. BUSH JOSEPH T. LATENDRESSE JOHN M. SOVA ROGER M. CABINESS II PAUL B. LEMIEUX JOEL C. SPINNEY JAMES D. CAHILL MICHAEL P. LENART CHRISTOPHER M. STAUDER ANDREW J. CAMP EDWARD B. LERZ II JENNIFER D. STCLAIR JAYSON R. CAMPBELL CONWAY LIN KEVIN L. STEELE EDWARD W. CARDINALE SCOTT D. LINKER CHRISTOPHER N. STELLE VERONICA A. CARROLL CHYLON E. LONGMOSES JOSHUA N. STEPHENSON WILLIAM H. CARROLL DAVID W. LOWE GEOFFROY E. STGALDEPONS CHRISTOPHER R. CARSON PAUL L. MAHER MICHAEL K. STINCHFIELD NATALIE K. CASEY RYNELE M. MARDIS ORRIN G. STITT MICHAEL W. CERCHIO BRADLEY J. MAROYKA ANDREW S. STLAURENT LATRICE K. CLARK ALEXANDER MARRONE POVILAS J. STRAZDAS NICHOLAS J. CLARK VINCENT P. MARSCHEAN OLIVER D. STREET MICHAEL D. CLAYTON STEPHEN M. MARSHALL MARK C. STURGEON BRYAN M. CLEARY ARNULFO J. MARTINEZ DANIEL P. SUKMAN JEREMY L. CLICK TOM O. MATCHIN III JERMAINE L. SUTTON ENARDO R. COLLAZOALICEA LATASHA M. MATTHEWS ANDREW D. SWEDBERG BRIAN T. COLLINS JASON A. MCANALLY ANDREW D. SWEDLOW CASEY D. CONNORS SEAN P. MCCAFFERTY KERT L. SWITZER KRISTINA J. CORNWELL SEAN M. MCCLURE THOMAS B. TABAKA CASEY D. COYLE MATTHEW M. MCCREARY BRENDAN S. TAYLOR ANDREW D. CROY JOHN W. MCFARLIN, JR. BENJAMIN R. THOMAS RICHARD M. CRUZ, JR. JAY G. MCGEE THAD M. THOME EDWARD D. CUEVAS CORY T. MCKOY BRANDON S. THOMPSON PATRICK J. CULPEPPER SCOTT D. MCLEARN JOSEF THRASH III TIMOTHY M. CULPEPPER MEGAN A. MCSWAIN DAVID J. TIER KEVIN F. CUMMISKEY JASON S. MEISEL MANDIE A. TIJERINA ANDREW D. DAMICO JOHN J. MELO MICHAEL W. TILTON JASON N. DAUGHERTY JENNIFER S. MENDEL JOHN D. TINCHER HEIDI B. DEMAREST CHRISTOPHER L. MENG ROBERT S. TOMPKINS

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AKEMI A. TORBERT NATHANIEL F. CONKEY LOUIS M. KANGAS ROBERT L. TRENT CHRISTOPHER J. G. COOK AARON J. KAUFMAN JASON G. TULLIUS JOHN W. COPELAND JANETTE L. KAUTZMAN JOHN E. TURNER, JR. CHAD P. CORRIGAN ALLEN L. KEHOE COLEY D. TYLER BENJAMIN C. CROOM ANTHONY A. KELLER NALONIE J. TYRRELL RAMON J. CRUZSANCHEZ TIMOTHY P. KELLY BRADLEY C. VELOTTA GREGORY E. CURRY II EDWARD E. KENNEDY RANDALL S. VERDE CLAYTON D. CURTIS KEVIN R. KILBRIDE TREVOR E. VOECKS DOUGLAS J. CURTIS THOMAS J. KILBRIDE BRIAN M. WADE NICHOLAS K. DALL RUSTIE W. KIM NEIL R. WALKER ARNEL P. DAVID JASON A. KING WAYNE B. WALL II IAN S. DAVIS DONALD L. KINGSTON, JR. JONATHAN B. WARR JOSHUA M. DAVIS JONATHAN E. KLINK JASON W. WARREN MARK A. DAVIS CHARLES M. KNOLL DENNIS J. WEAVER CHRISTOPHER J. DAWSON RYAN F. KOVARIK HANS J. WEBER JASON W. DAY FRANK K. KRAMMER, JR. CHRISTOPHER E. WELD ROGER T. DELAHUNT STEVEN L. KREH JASON E. WILLIAMS CHRISTOPHER M. DEMPSEY CALVIN A. KROEGER JOSEPH B. WOOLSEY THURMAN S. DICKERSON III WILLIAM A. KRON STEPHEN F. WRIGHT CHRISTIAN N. DIETZ MATTHEW M. KUHN CHARLES R. ZIPPERER, JR. ADAM B. DIGAUDIO DANIEL J. LAFOUNTAIN D001312 DANIEL C. DINICOLA CHRISTOPHER C. LANE D004904 BRYAN J. DODD MICHAEL LANZAFAMA D005748 EDWARD M. DOWNS, JR. JAMIE R. LAVALLEY D010396 CLARA C. DRISCOLL DOUGLAS A. LAXSON D012123 RICHARD E. DUNNING TRI D. LE D012483 ERIC N. DURRANT CEDRIC G. LEE D012692 JASON R. DYE CHONG Y. LEE D012735 WILLIAM W. EARL MATTHEW D. R. LEE G010002 MICHAEL T. ELIASSEN MARK A. LEGASPI G010041 MATHEW D. ELLIOTT LEVIAS L. LEWIS G010065 MICHAEL J. ENGLIS SAMUEL E. LINN G010080 DAVID E. ESCOBAR JEREMY F. LINNEY G010400 MICHAEL S. FARMER RYAN D. LONG BENJAMIN A. FIELDING CLIFTON J. LOPEZ III THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT BRADFORD A. FISHER JAY T. LUCKRITZ TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY JAMES D. FITZGERALD KEITH P. MADERE UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: PATRICK M. FLOOD COLIN P. MAHLE To be lieutenant colonel FRANKIE L. FLOWERS PATRICK J. MALONE WAYNE A. FOGEL LISA R. MANN RICHARD R. AARON ROBERT L. FOSTER TIMOTHY B. MANTON JASON E. ALBRIGHT DARREN B. FOWLER NED B. MARSH DANIEL C. ALDER JOHN T. FRANZ JONATHAN R. MARTIN MICHAEL F. ALEXANDER BRYAN W. FRIZZELLE DOUGLAS A. MASSIE CHRISTOPHER M. ALMAGUER THOMAS D. FROHNHOEFER RODRIC M. MCCLAIN LEE E. AMBROSE DAVID A. FULTON MARK R. MCCLELLAN TYLER K. ANDERSEN MICHAEL R. FUNCHES JESS MCCONNELL BRIAN C. ANGELL BRENDAN R. GALLAGHER RODNEY D. MCCUTCHEON CURTIS M. ARMSTRONG CASEY J. GALLIGAN ARTHUR L. MCGRUE III MATTHEW R. ARROL ANDREW A. GALLO ALISSA A. MCKAIG DANIEL S. ARTINO MICHAEL R. GARRY IAN J. MCKENNA SHANNON P. ASERON JOSHUA M. GASPARD ERIC D. MCKINNEY MICHAEL C. ATHANASAKIS MICHAEL E. GATES GREGORY W. MCLEAN JASON W. ATKINSON RICHARD B. GEBHARDT JOHN H. MCNAMARA MARC J. AUSTIN SHAWN H. GEIB TIMOTHY P. MEADORS JOHN R. BACON JONATHON M. GENGE JORGE J. MENDOZA DEREK R. BAIRD STEPHEN R. GIBBS GABRIEL M. MESA HAILEYESUS BAIRU BRIAN D. GILBERT MATTHEW C. MILETICH CHRISTINE M. BAKER JARROD J. H. GILLAM JOEL MILLAN REGAN M. BALDWIN ANTHONY W. GORE JOHN P. MILLER III ALHAJI S. BANGURA LAWERENCE L. GRANT MARY K. MILLER KEITH A. BARANOW ROBERT L. GREEN RICHARD A. MILLER JAMES A. BARLOW WILLIAM J. GRIFFITH IV ERIC S. MINOR RYAN D. BARNETT JOHN R. B. GUNTER AARON J. MOCK STEVEN S. BARTLEY DAVID W. GUNTHER JAMES M. MODLIN, JR. JAMES A. BEAULIEU NATHAN A. GUTHRIE TRAVIS F. MOLLIERE RALPH L. BECKI RYAN A. GUTHRIE DARREN R. MONIOT JONATHAN S. BENDER MICHAEL B. HALE BRIAN J. MOORE KEITH W. BENEDICT MARK D. HALL ERICK J. MORALES TOBIAS A. BENNETT THOMAS J. HANIFEN PAUL W. MORESHEAD RYAN M. BERDINER TIMOTHY J. HANLEY BRAD A. MORGAN JOSHUA P. BERRYHILL JAMES C. HARBRIDGE JAYSON B. MORGAN JAY A. BESSEY ADAM W. HARLESS CHRISTOPHER J. MORRIS BRIAN E. BETTIS JOSEPH G. HAROSKY SEAN M. MORROW KEVIN T. BLACK JUSTIN D. HARPER CHRISTOPHER T. MORTON PATRICK D. BLANKENSHIP PAUL G. HARRELL DUANE L. MOSIER JONATHAN G. BLEAKLEY WILLIAM B. HARRINGTON BRIAN G. MULHERN PENNY M. BLOEDEL PAUL D. HARRISON PHILIP J. MUNDWEIL KELLY O. C. BOIAN JONATHAN T. HARTSOCK MICHAEL D. NELSON LANE A. BOMAR KEITH A. HASKIN JACE R. NEUENSCHWANDER LORETO V. BORCE, JR. ANDREW M. HENNING ROBERT J. NEWBAUER RYAN P. BORTNYK DAVID F. HENNING, JR. KENNETH E. NIELSEN II BRIAN J. BOSTON KYLE D. HENSON JEFFREY D. NOLL STEPHEN E. BOURDON MICHAEL S. HEQUEMBOURG WILLIAM F. NORDAI WILLIAM H. BOWERS JOHNATHAN W. HESTER PETER J. NORRIS JASON M. BRADLEY LAWRENCE A. M. HICKS ERIC W. NYLANDER THOMAS K. BRENTON RICHARD S. HILDEN MARK J. OBRIEN MATTHEW A. BRODERICK TERRY N. HILDERBRAND, JR. ERIK C. OKSENVAAG DIOSABELLE T. BUACK TERRY L. HILT BRANDON L. OLIVEIRA BOYCE R. BUCKNER WESLEY H. HIRAOKA ANDREW L. OLSON MICHAEL R. BUNDT DAVID J. HODGES EDGAR J. OTALORA ANDREW E. BURGESS JOSEPH E. HOFFMAN ELIAS D. OTOSHI RYAN T. BURKERT DAVID T. HOLSTEAD JUSTIN R. PABIS JOHN J. BURRESCIA, JR. CHRISTOPHER T. HORMEL NATHAN A. PALISCA MICHAEL J. BUSTOS SCOTT W. HORRIGAN BRADLY S. PARKER PHILIP A. BUSWELL JAMES C. HOWELL MATTHEW L. PARKER JASON L. BUURSMA SEAN K. HUBBARD BRANDON W. PARRISH VAUGHAN M. BYRUM DAVID M. HUDSON ERIC A. PARTHEMORE ELIZABETHANNE M. CAIN JUSTIN D. HUFNAGEL JATHAN R. PAYNE ADAM S. CAMARANO BRIAN M. HUMMEL KEVIN M. PELLEY BRIAN C. CAMPBELL MARCUS S. HUNTER ALEXIS PEREZCRUZ WILLIAM R. CANDA III GALEN L. HUSS ERIK S. PETERSON ADAM M. CANNON THOMAS L. HUSSEY HIEU T. PHAM DON L. CANTERNA, JR. JEFFREY W. IRVING DUSTIN E. PHILLIPS MELISSA M. CANTWELL ERICA D. JACKSON KENNETH J. PHILLIPS MATTHEW P. CAPOBIANCO JONATHAN B. JACKSON NICHOLAS J. PLOETZ MICHAEL H. CAPPS KEITH L. JACOBS STEPHEN D. POE ARGOT CARBERRY BENJAMIN D. JAHN TODD F. POLK ERIC D. CARLSON KEVIN L. JAMES JEFFREY D. PORTER JASON C. CARTER WILLIAM F. JENNINGS GREGORY J. POVENSKI JACOB L. CECKA DEREK E. JOHNSON DAVID W. PRESTON THOMAS D. CHAPEAU JESSE R. JOHNSON ERIC R. PRIBYLA GEORGE A. CHIGI STEPHEN M. JOHNSON JAMES D. PRITCHETT CHRIS C. CHOI TIMOTHY C. JOHNSON THOMAS T. PUTNAM DAVID A. CIESZYNSKI JONATHAN J. JOHNSTON JAMES A. RAINES, JR. STEVEN D. CLAY JAMON K. JUNIUS ANDREA RANDLE MICHAEL P. COCHRAN STEVEN L. KANE JASON S. RAUB

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DANIEL L. RAUSCH GLEN A. WRIGHT EMILY M. SCOTT, OF WYOMING THEODORE P. REAM TIMOTHY F. WRIGHT GERALD J. REBESCHINI PAUL M. WUENSCH f JENNIFER D. REED LUCAS J. YOHO ARLO J. REESE ALEXANDER L. YOUNG CONFIRMATIONS SEAN M. REESE SALVADOR M. ZUNIGA GLEN D. RENFREE D003125 Executive nominations confirmed by JEFFREY P. RHODES D004327 the Senate April 28, 2016: CHRISTOPHER J. RICCI D010376 CHRISTOPHER O. ROBERTS D010394 DEPARTMENT OF STATE STEVEN G. ROBINS D010456 ROBERTA S. JACOBSON, OF MARYLAND, A CAREER GUYTON L. ROBINSON D010545 MEMBER OF THE SENIOR EXECUTIVE SERVICE, TO BE MICHAEL R. RODICK D010570 AMBASSADOR EXTRAORDINARY AND PLENIPOTENTIARY WILLIE RODNEY D010575 OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TO THE UNITED ROBERT R. RODOCK D010805 MEXICAN STATES. SONNY T. ROSALES D010826 JEFFREY R. ROSENBERG D011529 IN THE AIR FORCE ANNMARIE D. RUPPERT D011535 STEVEN G. RUSH D012181 THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT ARAYA S. RUTNARAK D012498 IN THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE TO THE GRADE INDI- JOSEPH W. RUZICKA D012722 CATED UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: KATHRYN P. SANBORN D012779 To be brigadier general MARC J. SANBORN D012798 KEITH P. SANDOVAL D012836 COL. MARK A. BAIRD JOHANNIE SANMIGUEL D012873 DAVID A. SARRETTE, JR. D012895 IN THE ARMY CHARCILLEA A. SCHAEFER D012923 MATTHEW J. SCHER THE FOLLOWING ARMY NATIONAL GUARD OF THE MARTIN D. SCHMIDT THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT UNITED STATES OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT IN THE RE- EDWARD B. SCHOENHEIT TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY SERVE OF THE ARMY TO THE GRADE INDICATED UNDER STEVEN J. SCHULDT UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTIONS 12203 AND 12211: JAMES D. SCOTT JOSEPH C. SCOTT To be lieutenant colonel To be brigadier general JAMES H. SCULLION CARL J. WOJTASZEK COL. THOMAS F. SPENCER JOSHUA T. SEVERS MATTHEW D. SHAW THE FOLLOWING OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT TO THE IN THE AIR FORCE JAMES D. SHEFFIELD GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY UNDER WILLIAM H. SHOEMATE II TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: THE FOLLOWING AIR NATIONAL GUARD OF THE UNITED DOUGLAS S. SIMMONS To be lieutenant colonel STATES OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT IN THE RESERVE MARNY SKINDRUD OF THE AIR FORCE TO THE GRADE INDICATED UNDER LAURA J. SKINNER G010339 TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTIONS 12203 AND 12212: DAVID K. SMITH THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT To be major general STEPHEN T. SMITH TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE RESERVE OF THE STEPHEN P. SNYDER ARMY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 12203: BRIG. GEN. GREGORY S. CHAMPAGNE HUGH E. SOLLOM THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT ROBERTO C. SOLORZANO To be colonel IN THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE TO THE GRADE INDI- JEFFREY J. F. SOUTER MICHAEL A. IZZO CATED WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE DARREN T. SPEARS AND RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION JONATHAN C. STAFFORD THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT 601: ANDREW D. STAPLES TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY MICHAEL H. STARZ MEDICAL SERVICE CORPS UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SEC- To be lieutenant general SHAWN P. STEELE TIONS 624 AND 3064: DAVID J. STEWART LT. GEN. MARSHALL B. WEBB WINCHESTER A. STIENS To be major THE FOLLOWING AIR NATIONAL GUARD OF THE UNITED KEVIN P. STONEROOK JOSHUA R. POUNDERS STATES OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT IN THE RESERVE IVEN T. SUGAI OF THE AIR FORCE TO THE GRADE INDICATED UNDER EDWARD T. SULLIVAN IN THE NAVY TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTIONS 12203 AND 12212: MARSHALL S. SYBERT NATHANAEL S. TAGG THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR TEMPORARY To be brigadier general APPOINTMENT TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE JOSHUA A. TAYLOR COL. DANIEL J. SWAIN MICHAEL D. TEAGUE UNITED STATES NAVY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION RICHARD P. TETA 5721: THE FOLLOWING AIR NATIONAL GUARD OF THE UNITED STATES OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT IN THE RESERVE STEPHEN P. THIBODEAU To be lieutenant commander JOSEPH F. THOMAS OF THE AIR FORCE TO THE GRADE INDICATED UNDER ANTHONY M. THOMPSON JOSEPH F. ABRUTZ III TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTIONS 12203 AND 12212: JARED A. THOMPSON ALDEN Y. ARGANTE To be brigadier general MICHAEL B. THROCKMORTON COLBY T. BACON TRAVIS S. TILMAN BERRY T. BROWN COL. JAMES J. KEEFE LAZANDER C. TOMLINSON SAMUEL BRYANT THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT PATRICK R. TOOHEY JEREMY K. CARROLL IN THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE TO THE GRADE INDI- BRENDAN P. TOOLAN ANDREW G. CATOIRE CATED UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: JASON A. TOTH JEREMIAH M. CHASE RICHARD A. TOWNER BRIAN J. DAVIS To be brigadier general BRIAN J. TRITTEN CAMERON D. DENNIS COL. ANDREA D. TULLOS VICTOR E. TRUJILLO II JAMES A. DIPASQUALE TIMOTHY A. TRYON TREY J. DITTBERNER THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT RICARDO A. TURNER KEVIN J. FULLER IN THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE TO THE GRADE INDI- KYLE L. UPSHAW EDWARD J. GREWAY, JR. CATED UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: JEREMY J. USSERY THOMAS D. GROARK To be brigadier general DAVID A. UTHLAUT BRENT J. HOLLOWAY MARCUS R. VARTAN WILLIAM B. HOWARD COL. BRADLEY C. SALTZMAN SETH W. VIEUX GUILLERMO H. HOWELL THE FOLLOWING AIR NATIONAL GUARD OF THE UNITED CHRISTOPHER J. VITALE JUAN J. HUIZAR STATES OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT IN THE RESERVE TREVOR S. VOELKEL MATTHEW K. JACOBSON OF THE AIR FORCE TO THE GRADE INDICATED UNDER MARK J. WADE KYLE W. KILLINGBECK TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTIONS 12203 AND 12212: ANDREW J. WAGNER TONY T. G. LE RUSSELL O. WAGNER MYRON E. LIND To be brigadier general MATTHEW A. WALKER MICHAEL R. MALIN BRENNAN V. WALLACE DAXTON H. MOORE COL. ANDREW E. SALAS LEE S. WALLACE GARRETT T. MOORE THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT STEVEN S. WALLACE DANIEL T. OLSON IN THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE TO THE GRADE INDI- CHADRICK K. WALLEY MATTHEW D. OWENS CATED UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: GREGORY A. WALLSTEN TIMOTHY W. ROE SHERMAN C. WATSON JASON L. ROGERS To be brigadier general JASON R. WAYNE JORGE E. ROLDAN COL. CRAIG D. WILLS MARTIN E. WEAVER PETER C. SCHUNK CHRISTOPHER P. WELLMAN JOHN H. SEEBODE THE FOLLOWING AIR NATIONAL GUARD OF THE UNITED DANIEL E. WELSH JEREMIAH S. SHUMWAY STATES OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT IN THE RESERVE ROBERT J. WEST NICHOLAS E. SWANDA OF THE AIR FORCE TO THE GRADE INDICATED UNDER AMY M. WHEELER ABDOULAYE SYLLA TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTIONS 12203 AND 12212: GRAHAM R. WHITE JAMES E. TROGDEN III To be brigadier general REGINALD D. WHITE MICHAEL P. WOLCHKO NATHAN S. WHITFIELD THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT COL. TAMHRA L. HUTCHINS–FRYE ANDREW J. WHITFORD TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES NAVY IN THE ARMY NATHAN A. WHITLOCK UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: ANDREW J. WILBRAHAM THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT AARON M. WILLIAMS To be captain IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY TO THE GRADE INDICATED REGINALD E. WILLIAMS, JR. DAVID H. MCALISTER WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE AND DAVID R. WILSON RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 601: JARED P. WILSON FOREIGN SERVICE NATHANIEL B. WILSON To be general BARRY WINNEGAN THE FOLLOWING MEMBER OF THE FOREIGN SERVICE PAUL W. WITKOWSKI OF THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GEN. CURTIS M. SCAPARROTTI CARL H. WOHLFEIL FOR APPOINTMENT AS A FOREIGN SERVICE OFFICER OF THE FOLLOWING ARMY NATIONAL GUARD OF THE MATTHEW S. WOLFE CLASS THREE, A CONSULAR OFFICER, AND A SECRETARY UNITED STATES OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT IN THE RE- RICHARD S. WOOLSHLAGER IN THE DIPLOMATIC SERVICE OF THE UNITED STATES OF SERVE OF THE ARMY TO THE GRADE INDICATED UNDER RYAN K. WORKMAN AMERICA: TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTIONS 12203 AND 12211:

VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:37 Apr 29, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00097 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 9801 E:\CR\FM\A28AP6.011 S28APPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S2600 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 28, 2016 To be brigadier general THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT ARMY NOMINATIONS BEGINNING WITH KRYSTAL D. IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY TO THE GRADE INDICATED BEAN AND ENDING WITH JUSTIN R. SCHLANSER, WHICH COL. WILLIAM J. PRENDERGAST IV WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE AND NOMINATIONS WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE AND AP- THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 601: PEARED IN THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON APRIL 5, IN THE RESERVE OF THE ARMY TO THE GRADES INDI- To be general 2016. CATED UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 12203: ARMY NOMINATIONS BEGINNING WITH GEORGE A. To be major general LT. GEN. ROBERT B. BROWN BARBEE AND ENDING WITH D013078, WHICH NOMINATIONS THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE AND APPEARED IN THE BRIG. GEN. WILLIAM P. BARRIAGE IN THE RESERVE OF THE ARMY TO THE GRADE INDI- CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON APRIL 5, 2016. BRIG. GEN. PETER A. BOSSE CATED UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 12203: ARMY NOMINATIONS BEGINNING WITH GABRIELLE M. BRIG. GEN. TROY D. KOK ANDREANIFABRONI AND ENDING WITH YOUNG J. BRIG. GEN. WILLIAM S. LEE To be major general YAUGER, WHICH NOMINATIONS WERE RECEIVED BY THE To be brigadier general BRIG. GEN. KENNETH D. JONES SENATE AND APPEARED IN THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON APRIL 5, 2016. THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT ARMY NOMINATIONS BEGINNING WITH TERRYL L. COL. MARILYN S. CHIAFULLO IN THE RESERVE OF THE ARMY TO THE GRADE INDI- COL. ALEX B. FINK CATED UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 12203: AITKEN AND ENDING WITH D010908, WHICH NOMINATIONS COL. JOHN B. HASHEM WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE AND APPEARED IN THE COL. SUSAN E. HENDERSON To be major general CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON APRIL 5, 2016. COL. ANDREW J. JUKNELIS ARMY NOMINATION OF TRAVIS H. OWEN, TO BE MAJOR. BRIG. GEN. ARLAN M. DEBLIECK COL. JEFFREY W. JURASEK ARMY NOMINATIONS BEGINNING WITH JOSHUA T. ADE COL. DEBORAH L. KOTULICH THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT AND ENDING WITH D012875, WHICH NOMINATIONS WERE COL. JOHN H. PHILLIPS IN THE RESERVE OF THE ARMY TO THE GRADE INDI- RECEIVED BY THE SENATE AND APPEARED IN THE CON- COL. STEPHEN T. SAUTER CATED UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 12203: GRESSIONAL RECORD ON APRIL 7, 2016. COL. STEPHEN E. STRAND To be brigadier general ARMY NOMINATION OF TIMOTHY R. TEAGUE, TO BE IN THE NAVY COLONEL. COL. RODNEY L. FAULK ARMY NOMINATION OF ERIC E. HALSTROM, TO BE LIEU- THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT IN THE AIR FORCE TENANT COLONEL. IN THE UNITED STATES NAVY TO THE GRADE INDICATED ARMY NOMINATIONS BEGINNING WITH BRIAN D. BOBO UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: AIR FORCE NOMINATION OF MARTIN T. MITCHELL, TO AND ENDING WITH ANTHONY D. FOURNIER, WHICH NOMI- To be rear admiral BE COLONEL. NATIONS WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE AND AP- AIR FORCE NOMINATIONS BEGINNING WITH LAURA S. PEARED IN THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON APRIL 7, REAR ADM. (LH) PAUL J. VERRASTRO BARCHICK AND ENDING WITH KEVIN J. WILKINSON, 2016. WHICH NOMINATIONS WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT ARMY NOMINATION OF DENNIS N. SNELLING, TO BE AND APPEARED IN THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON IN THE UNITED STATES NAVY TO THE GRADE INDICATED COLONEL. MARCH 17, 2016. UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: ARMY NOMINATION OF KODJO S. KNOXLIMBACKER, TO AIR FORCE NOMINATIONS BEGINNING WITH MICHELLE To be rear admiral D. AASTROM AND ENDING WITH CYNTHIA J. WEIDMAN, BE COLONEL. WHICH NOMINATIONS WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE ARMY NOMINATION OF LORI R. SCHANHALS, TO BE REAR ADM. (LH) TIMOTHY J. WHITE AND APPEARED IN THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON COLONEL. THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT MARCH 17, 2016. ARMY NOMINATION OF DREW R. CONOVER, TO BE LIEU- IN THE UNITED STATES NAVY TO THE GRADE INDICATED AIR FORCE NOMINATIONS BEGINNING WITH LAIRD S. TENANT COLONEL. UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: ABBOTT AND ENDING WITH CHRISTOPHER J. ZUHLKE, ARMY NOMINATION OF BRADLEY D. OSTERMAN, TO BE WHICH NOMINATIONS WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE COLONEL. To be rear admiral AND APPEARED IN THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON ARMY NOMINATION OF FRANCISCO J. LOPEZ, TO BE REAR ADM. (LH) KYLE J. COZAD MARCH 17, 2016. LIEUTENANT COLONEL. REAR ADM. (LH) LISA M. FRANCHETTI AIR FORCE NOMINATION OF ALBERT E. WHITE, TO BE ARMY NOMINATIONS BEGINNING WITH TIMOTHY D. REAR ADM. (LH) ROY J. KELLEY MAJOR. AIKEN AND ENDING WITH JAMES R. WEAKLEY, WHICH REAR ADM. (LH) DAVID M. KRIETE AIR FORCE NOMINATION OF JONATHAN M. LETSINGER, NOMINATIONS WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE AND AP- REAR ADM. (LH) BRUCE H. LINDSEY TO BE COLONEL. PEARED IN THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON APRIL 14, REAR ADM. (LH) JAMES T. LOEBLEIN AIR FORCE NOMINATIONS BEGINNING WITH LLOYD 2016. REAR ADM. (LH) WILLIAM R. MERZ TRAVIS A. ARNOLD AND ENDING WITH KONSTANTINA ARMY NOMINATION OF GEORGE A. ROLLINS, TO BE REAR ADM. (LH) DEE L. MEWBOURNE ZUBER, WHICH NOMINATIONS WERE RECEIVED BY THE COLONEL. REAR ADM. (LH) MICHAEL T. MORAN SENATE AND APPEARED IN THE CONGRESSIONAL ARMY NOMINATION OF MCARTHUR WALKER, TO BE REAR ADM. (LH) STUART B. MUNSCH RECORD ON APRIL 14, 2016. COLONEL. AIR FORCE NOMINATION OF KRISTIE L. PARTIN, TO BE REAR ADM. (LH) JOHN B. NOWELL, JR. ARMY NOMINATIONS BEGINNING WITH TIMOTHY D. MAJOR. REAR ADM. (LH) TIMOTHY G. SZYMANSKI COVINGTON AND ENDING WITH ERIC A. KENNEDY, WHICH AIR FORCE NOMINATION OF AIMEE D. SAFFORD, TO BE NOMINATIONS WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE AND AP- IN THE ARMY MAJOR. PEARED IN THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON APRIL 14, AIR FORCE NOMINATION OF TRACEY A. GOSSER, TO BE 2016. THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT LIEUTENANT COLONEL. IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY TO THE GRADE INDICATED AIR FORCE NOMINATION OF TODD R. HOWELL, TO BE ARMY NOMINATION OF NILSON OROZCOOVIEDO, TO BE WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE AND LIEUTENANT COLONEL. MAJOR. RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 601: ARMY NOMINATION OF PIERRE E. SAINTFLEUR, TO BE IN THE ARMY To be general COLONEL. ARMY NOMINATIONS BEGINNING WITH LARSS G. GEN. VINCENT K. BROOKS CELTNIEKS AND ENDING WITH PAULETTE V. BURTON, IN THE MARINE CORPS IN THE AIR FORCE WHICH NOMINATIONS WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE MARINE CORPS NOMINATION OF JOHN A. YUKICA, TO BE AND APPEARED IN THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON MAJOR. THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT MARCH 14, 2016. MARINE CORPS NOMINATIONS BEGINNING WITH MA- IN THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE TO THE GRADE INDI- ARMY NOMINATION OF ERIC DANKO, TO BE LIEUTEN- TRIX W. ELIAS AND ENDING WITH NICHOLAS J. TAZZA, CATED WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE ANT COLONEL. WHICH NOMINATIONS WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE AND RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION ARMY NOMINATIONS BEGINNING WITH STEVEN N. AND APPEARED IN THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON 601: CAROZZA AND ENDING WITH NOAH C. CLOUD, WHICH JANUARY 28, 2016. To be lieutenant general NOMINATIONS WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE AND AP- PEARED IN THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON MARCH 14, LT. GEN. BRADLEY A. HEITHOLD 2016. IN THE NAVY ARMY NOMINATION OF RAMIT RING, TO BE LIEUTEN- THE FOLLOWING AIR NATIONAL GUARD OF THE UNITED NAVY NOMINATION OF BRIAN D. HENNESSY, TO BE CAP- ANT COLONEL. STATES OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT AS DIRECTOR, AIR TAIN. ARMY NOMINATION OF GEOFFREY E. ANDERSON, TO BE NATIONAL GUARD, AND FOR APPOINTMENT TO THE NAVY NOMINATION OF DONALD C. KING, TO BE CAP- MAJOR. GRADE INDICATED IN THE RESERVE OF THE AIR FORCE TAIN. ARMY NOMINATION OF BRUCE H. ROBINSON, TO BE UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTIONS 601 AND 10506: NAVY NOMINATION OF STEPHANIE M. SIMONI, TO BE MAJOR. LIEUTENANT COMMANDER. To be lieutenant general ARMY NOMINATIONS BEGINNING WITH MATTHEW B. NAVY NOMINATION OF JENNIFER L. SHAFER, TO BE BOOTH AND ENDING WITH DONALD W. MOYER, WHICH MAJ. GEN. LEON S. RICE LIEUTENANT COMMANDER. NOMINATIONS WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE AND AP- THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT PEARED IN THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON MARCH 17, NAVY NOMINATIONS BEGINNING WITH JUSTIN K. IN THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE TO THE GRADE INDI- 2016. CONROY AND ENDING WITH REBECCA L. YOUNG, WHICH CATED WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE ARMY NOMINATION OF ROBERT L. CRONYN, TO BE NOMINATIONS WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE AND AP- AND RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION COLONEL. PEARED IN THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON MARCH 17, 601: ARMY NOMINATION OF DARRELL W. COLLINS, TO BE 2016. NAVY NOMINATION OF BRICE A. GOODWIN, TO BE CAP- To be general COLONEL. ARMY NOMINATION OF DEVON D. NUDELMAN, TO BE TAIN. GEN. LORI J. ROBINSON COLONEL. NAVY NOMINATION OF BRIAN J. HAMER, TO BE LIEU- ARMY NOMINATION OF CALVIN C. THOMAS, TO BE TENANT COMMANDER. IN THE ARMY COLONEL. NAVY NOMINATION OF SCOTT F. GRUWELL, TO BE LIEU- TENANT COMMANDER. THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT ARMY NOMINATIONS BEGINNING WITH STEPHEN G. NAVY NOMINATION OF SHANNON D. LORIMER, TO BE IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY TO THE GRADE INDICATED CRUYS AND ENDING WITH GREGORY J. LONG, WHICH LIEUTENANT COMMANDER. WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE AND NOMINATIONS WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE AND AP- NAVY NOMINATIONS BEGINNING WITH DANIELLE M. RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 601: PEARED IN THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON APRIL 5, 2016. BARNES AND ENDING WITH MARK R. THOMAS, WHICH To be lieutenant general ARMY NOMINATIONS BEGINNING WITH EDWARD S. NOMINATIONS WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE AND AP- BARNETT AND ENDING WITH LYNN J. WILSON, WHICH PEARED IN THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON APRIL 5, MAJ. GEN. STEPHEN M. TWITTY NOMINATIONS WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE AND AP- 2016. THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT PEARED IN THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON APRIL 5, NAVY NOMINATION OF WILLIAM A. HLAVIN, TO BE COM- IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY TO THE GRADE INDICATED 2016. MANDER. WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE AND ARMY NOMINATIONS BEGINNING WITH TIMOTHY G. NAVY NOMINATION OF PHILLIP G. CYR, TO BE CAPTAIN. RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 601: BONNER AND ENDING WITH JAMES S. WELCH, JR., WHICH NAVY NOMINATION OF DONALD E. SPEIGHTS, TO BE To be lieutenant general NOMINATIONS WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE AND AP- LIEUTENANT COMMANDER. PEARED IN THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON APRIL 5, NAVY NOMINATION OF LUIS A. BENCOMO, TO BE COM- MAJ. GEN. JOHN G. ROSSI 2016. MANDER.

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