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Download File First Published in Nigeria, Aril, 2018/ Rajab, 1439 AH. ISBN: 978 – 978 – 54797 – 2 – 0 Copyright © Islamic Education Trust, 2018/1439. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced in any form, and in any language, without prior written permission from the publisher. Published by: Da'wah Institute of Nigeria (DIN), Islamic Education Trust Headquarters, PMB 229, Ilmi Avenue, Intermediate Housing Estate, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. +234-803-600-5535, +234-818-102-2146 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.dawahinstitute.org ENDORSEMENTS “This is an excellent academic work on the very important topic of Muslim- non-Muslim relations, yet while being academic it is also interesting and entertaining. And it is, at the same time, a production that is good for a wide scope of the public, yet it scores quite high on academic rigour, extensive referencing and detailed analysis.” Prof. Jasser Auda, President, Maqasid Institute (www.maqasid.org) “The approach adopted by Da'wah Institute of Nigeria (DIN) in dealing with the issues treated in the book has been a carefully balanced one having taken into consideration all the diverse and conicting opinions of scholars of Islamic Jurisprudence before arriving at what it believes to be the most credible and appropriate scholarly opinion on contemporary realities without compromising the Islamic values.” Kamaldeen A. Balogun PhD, Prof. of Islamic Studies, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago – Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria. “I endorse and recommend this book for wider circulation and translation to promote better interfaith relations and peaceful co-existence." Muhammad Lawal Maidoki, Engr. Tech., President, Da'wah Co-ordination Council of Nigeria (DCCN). “DIN's book as a compendium will leave a sterling impression in the heart of every reader due to its clarity and the extent of research carried out." Dr. Khalid Aliyu Abubakar, Secretary General, Jama'atu Nasril Islam (JNI), Nigeria. iii ENDORSEMENTS “I wholeheartedly support and recommend the production of the book for circulation for the education of Muslims who have wrong impressions about the Islamic injunctions on relations with non-Muslims.” Dr. Abdul-Fatah K. Makinde, Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria. “I have gone through the draft of this work and would like to register here my words of approval, commendation and appreciation.” Dr. AbdulRazzaq A. Alaro, Barrister & Solicitor of the Supreme Court of Nigeria; Associate Professor of Islamic Law, University of Ilorin, Nigeria. "The book is a monumental contribution to the understanding of Muslim/non-Muslim relations. It has no doubt addressed the recurrent misconception of the relationship between Muslims and non-Muslims. It is a recommended reading for all." Justice Abdullahi Maikano Usman, Hon. Grand Kadi, Gombe State. “Never have I come across a piece so on-point in respect of tackling the issues of peaceful co-existence between Muslims and people of other faiths.” Amina B. Omoti (Mrs.), National Amirah, Federation of Muslim Women's Association in Nigeria (FOMWAN). “The book will facilitate attainment of the long yearning for peaceful inter and intra-faith relationships.” Dr. Shehu Abdur-Rahman Aboki, Senior Lecturer, Department of Islamic Studies, Usman Danfodio University, Sokoto, Nigeria. iv ENDORSEMENTS “… There is no better time to bring this research to bear than now in order to foster a culture among Muslims where they get it right by regarding and treating non-Muslims as members of one human family." Isa Christian Okonkwo, Director of Administration, Nigerian Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs (NSCIA). “This book is a 'Masterpiece of interfaith compendium' that carefully maintains juristic bounds and avoids religious sentiment.” Ameer Mayaleeke Shereef Afolalola, Director of Studies, Ad-Dawah Islamic Education Centre, Nigeria. “I was opportune to have read this very rich and timely research, whose importance cannot be overemphasized, JazakumulLahu khayran.” Shaykh Ibrahim Ahmad Maqary, Deputy Imam, National Mosque, Abuja, Nigeria. "The book is a must-read for anyone living in a multi-religious society who wants to enjoy peaceful co-existence and still propagate Islam without rufing any feathers." Imam Maruf Abdul-Azeez Onike, Chief Missioner, Nasrullahi-l-Fathi Islamic Society (NASFAT), Nigeria. “This book is probably the most important book in English language, written primarily for the Nigerian public in recent times, to clarify the crucial concepts of Al-Wala' (Loyalty) and Al-Bara' (Dissociation) which are often stood on their heads when discussing relationship with non- Muslims and explained in a very narrow sense with devastating consequences.” Disu Kamor, Executive Chairman, Muslim Public Affairs Centre, MPAC, Nigeria. v ENDORSEMENTS “This is a great work of our time that is bound to restore our common humanity and promote healthy interfaith relations that can heal the mistrust and pre-empt the raging conict in our society today. This is one critical step to peace.” Dr. Usman Bugaje, Muslim Intellectual and Social Thinker. “This is a good effort and this book will go a long way in clarifying the misconceptions about our relationship with the non-Muslims.” Hajiya Rahmatu Musa Sani, Na'ibatul Amirah (Deputy President), Women in Da'awah, Nigeria. “The book is timely because it deals with arguments used by extremists to justify radical thoughts, hostility, aggression and injustice towards non- Muslims.” Imam Muhammad Nuru Khalid, Imam, Apo Legislative Quarters Mosque, Abuja, Nigeria. “There is no doubt that justice has been done to all the issues raised in this write-up in terms of authoritative interpretations, numerous citations and lucid exposition of facts.” Prof. Yahya Ibrahim Yero, MCFE, GMA, Executive Chairman, Bauchi State Universal Basic Education Board (BASUEB), Nigeria. This book will serve as a "manual" to both Muslims and non-Muslims the world-over… this book will serve as an advocacy tool that will bridge the gap between Islam and other religions, while providing a space for peaceful coexistence and conict mitigation…It is with great pride and honour that I am able to commend this masterpiece… Imam Muhammad Nurayn Ashafa, Co-Executive Director, Interfaith Mediation Centre (IMC), Kaduna, Nigeria. vi CONTENTS ENDORSEMENTS iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ix INTRODUCTION xii SECTION 1: CONCEPT OF AL-WALA' AND AL-BARA' 1 1. Introduction to Al-Wala' (loyalty) and Al-Bara' (dissociation) 2 SECTION 2: IDENTITY AND NAMES 11 2. Identity of Ahl al-Kitab (People of Earlier Revelation) 12 3. Existence of Ahl al-Kitab (People of Earlier Revelation) Today 14 4. Addressing Non-Muslims with Insulting Terms – Kar! 17 SECTION 3: INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS BETWEEN MUSLIMS AND NON-MUSLIMS 23 5. Ideals in Interfaith Relations: Hostility or Harmony? 24 6. Friendliness with People of Other Faiths 27 7. Trusting People of Other Faiths 32 8. Visitation and Hospitality towards People of Other Faiths 37 9. Giving and Receiving Gifts 40 10. Giving Charity (sadaqah) 43 11. Charity with Zakat al-Fitr 46 12. On Giving Obligatory Alms (Zakat) 48 13. Relating to Non-Muslim Parents and Relatives 54 14. Interfaith Inheritance 56 15. Interfaith Marriages in Islamic Law 58 16. Handling the Qur'an by non-Muslims 63 17. Imitating People of Other Faiths 65 18. Saying Salams (Greetings of Peace) to People of Other Faiths 70 19. Greetings for Religious Festivities – Merry Christmas, Happy Easter!74 20. Food of the Ahl al-Kitab (People of Earlier Revelations) 78 21. Food for Religious Festivities such as Christmas or Easter 83 22. Using Utensils of People of Other Faiths 87 23. Non-Muslims Entering Mosques 90 24. Muslims Entering Churches, Synagogues and Temples, etc. 94 SECTION 4: SOCIAL RELATIONSHIP WITH NON-MUSLIMS 98 25. Rights of non-Muslim Citizens 99 vii CONTENTS 26. The Marrakesh Declaration 105 27. Muslims as Minorities 110 28. Protection of Churches, Synagogues, etc. 116 29. Sanctity of Every Human Life 121 30. Business Relations with People of Other Faiths 128 31. Interfaith Engagement in Social Work 130 32. Registration with non-Muslim Institutions 132 33. Muslim Countries and the United Nations (UN) 135 34. Interfaith Cooperation in Defence and Security Services 137 SECTION 5: EXPOSITORY ANALYSIS ON AL-BARA' (Disavowal/Dissociation) 145 35. Brotherhood and Love with People of Other Faiths 146 36. Building Alliances with People of Other Faiths 148 37. Working with Non-Muslim Governments 151 38. Obedience to Non-Muslim Leadership 154 39. Purity of People of Other Faiths 157 40. Associating with People of Other Faiths 160 41. Other Commonly Misinterpreted Verses of the Qur'an on Interfaith Relations 163 42. Living Among People of Other Faiths 178 43. Discrimination in the Punishment for Killing a Non-Muslim?! 181 44. Jihad and Warfare 190 45. Fighting: Against Aggression, not Religious Diversity 200 46. Abrogation of Verses Prescribing Friendliness 206 47. Understanding the so-called “verse of the sword” 212 48. Other Commonly Misinterpreted Verses of the Qur'an on Jihad 215 49. Islam: Spread by the Sword? 223 50. Other Commonly Misinterpreted Hadiths on Jihad 227 CONCLUSION 230 MORE PRAISES FOR THE BOOK 233 viii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS All praises and gratitude belong to Allah Who has made it possible to conceive this project and has brought it to fruition. We thank Him for all we have and are, and beseech Him to shower His endless mercy and blessings upon the noble soul of Prophet Muhammad (p), his household, companions and all those who have, and still are following his example. We are indeed grateful to everyone who has contributed in one way or the other to make this book see the light of day. Worthy of special appreciation are the members of the Research and Training Department of the Da'wah Institute of Nigeria – Muhammad Attahiru Baba-Minna, Isma'il Abdulkadir, and Haleemah Oladamade Ahmad; as well as members of DIN Media Unit – Teslim Adeyemo and Jimoh Ibrahim Olalekan. May Allah accept your efforts and add it to your scales of good deeds.
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