2006 G8 SUMMIT SAINT PETERSBURG, RUSSIA 1 Editorial and Content: John Schaefer Sarah Wright Joseph Schappert, M.D

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2006 G8 SUMMIT SAINT PETERSBURG, RUSSIA 1 Editorial and Content: John Schaefer Sarah Wright Joseph Schappert, M.D SUMMIT S A I N T P E T E R S B U R G , R U S S I A • J U LY 1 5 - 1 7 2 0 0 6 2006 2006 G8 SUMMIT PUBLICATION • SPECIAL VIP, DELEGATE AND PRESS EDITION SPECIAL FEATURE ARTICLES ON: • ENHANCING GLOBAL EDUCATION • GLOBAL ENERGY SECURITY • FIGHTING INFECTIOUS DISEASES PLUS: A POLITICAL & ECONOMIC OVERVIEW OF G8 MEMBER NATIONS & THEIR LEADERS INCLUDING RUSSIA, FRANCE, USA, GREAT BRITAIN, JAPAN, ITALY, CANADA, GERMANY AND THE EUROPEAN UNION 2006 G8 SUMMIT SAINT PETERSBURG, RUSSIA 1 Editorial and Content: John Schaefer Sarah Wright Joseph Schappert, M.D. Sara Baldwin Dylan Ford Kelly Schaefer 6 12 Design and Creative: SchaeferDesign Photography/Images: John Schaefer iStock.com Kelly Schaefer Special Thanks to: John Schaefer Jon Lamé Sarah Wright Joseph Schappert, M.D. Sara Baldwin 18 24 Dylan Ford TABLE OF CONTENTS 2006 G8 SUMMIT PUBLICATION page 5 A Message From the Host FROM RUSSIAN PRESIDENT VLADIMIR PUTIN page 6 2006 G8 Summit Focus – Global Energy Security A MOMENT OF OPPORTUNITY – by Sarah Wright with Sara Baldwin page 12 2006 G8 Summit Focus – Education THE GLOBAL CLASSROOM – by John Schaefer page 18 2006 G8 Summit Focus – Fighting Infectious Diseases A PERFECT STORM – by Joseph Schappert, M.D. and Dylan Ford page 24 G8 Summit Leaders – Personal Profiles page 34 G8 Summit Nations – At a Glance GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS, ECONOMY AND FOREIGN RELATIONS 2006 G8 SUMMIT SAINT PETERSBURG, RUSSIA 3 A Message From the Host Russian President Vladimir Putin This will be the first time that Russia will chair this respected international forum. I hope that the experience we have accumulated since joining the G8 will ensure respect for tradition and consolidation of our efforts. Russia, as the presiding country, regards it as its duty to give a fresh impetus to efforts to find solutions to key international problems in energy, education and healthcare. This year, we plan to urge our partners to redouble efforts to ensure global Official address energy security. We believe that today, it is crucial to find a solution to a to visitors of problem which directly influences the social and economic development of all countries, without exception. I am convinced that our efforts Saint Petersburg towards attaining this goal should be comprehensive and must stimulate stabilization of the global energy markets, development of innovation and the 2006 technologies, use of renewable energy sources and protection of the G8 Summit environment. We believe that today, we must think very seriously about ways to bridge the gap between energy-sufficient and energy-lacking countries of the world. The spread of all kinds of epidemics in the world emphasizes the need to step up the fight against infectious diseases. We are convinced that the creation of a global system to monitor dangerous diseases, the development of regular interaction between experts from different states, and broader exchange of research information about dangerous viruses will have a major positive influence on the solution of these serious problems. In addition to the current agenda, we also plan to raise the issue of education in the G8. In our opinion, the time has come to focus on ways to improve the quality and effectiveness of national education systems and professional training. We must find tools for encouraging the international business community to increase investment into this sector. Other major international issues we will concentrate on during Russia’s Presidency are counterterrorism and proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, the settlement of regional conflicts, the development of the global economy, finance and trade, as well as protection of the environment. I hope that the official site of Russia’s G8 Presidency will help you to get your bearings in the multitude of questions and problems facing us, as well as to learn more about the efforts of G8 member states to solve them in order to promote the sustainable development of humankind. Advertisement donated by S3Design 4 2006 G8 SUMMIT SAINT PETERSBURG, RUSSIA 5 2006 G8 SUMMIT FOCUS GLOBAL ENERGY SECURITY A Moment of Opportunity: A Clean and Secure Global Energy System By Sarah Wright with Sara Baldwin Energy decisions made today will have a profound a significant role in meeting future energy needs. At the influence on the environment, economy and society for same time, resources such as energy efficiency, solar, generations to come. As countries around the globe wind, geothermal, biomass, clean coal technologies work to develop energy resources, increase access and advanced natural gas technologies are relatively to energy services, and meet increasing demand, it is untapped but hugely promising. The latter resources offer imperative that efforts are made to address the complex viable, stable, and secure energy options that will help and interconnected issues of the world’s energy situation, address the challenges associated with our current global giving adequate consideration of the environmental, energy system. social, and economic impacts of global energy choices. A MOMENT OF OPPORTUNITY The current global energy situation presents a Despite the daunting nature of the global energy number of complex problems: challenge, the world faces a unique moment of opportunity. According to the G8 2005 Summit • The increased use of energy from fossil fuels and other Gleneagles Plan of Action: Climate Change, Clean human activities contribute to increases in greenhouse Energy and Sustainable Development, an estimated gases associated with climate change. This serious $16 trillion will need to be invested in the world’s energy and long-term challenge has the potential to affect systems over the next 25 years, and “there are significant every part of the globe. opportunities to invest this capital cost-effectively in • Global energy demands are expected to grow by cleaner energy technologies and energy efficiency. 60% over the next 25 years. Rising demand places Because decisions being taken today could lock in increasing pressure on energy supplies, energy investment and increase emissions for decades to come, generation and delivery systems. Increased demand it is important to act wisely now.” also contributes to increases in greenhouse gas emissions associated with climate change. The global potential for distributed energy, renewable • Rising energy demand poses a challenge to energy, energy efficiency, and clean, inexhaustible energy energy security given increased reliance on global technologies is tremendous. Wind and solar are the energy markets. fastest growing energy resources in the world, yet they still • The use of energy from fossil fuels contributes to represent a small percentage of the total global energy environmental pollution and public health problems, supply. Renewable energy resources are experiencing and those living in poverty are often disproportionately Reliable, clean, and secure energy is essential to global economic development, a surge in the global energy market as businesses, impacted by associated environmental degradation individuals, local governments, and nations actively environmental sustainability, and the socio-economic well-being of people worldwide. and diseases. pursue more sustainable and secure energy systems. • Approximately 2 billion people lack modern energy For example, the photovoltaic sector has experienced services worldwide, posing a tremendous challenge to one of the highest growth rates worldwide (over 30% in meet this rising demand. 2003) and for the 20 next years, the average production growth rate is estimated to be between 27% and 34% Conventional energy resources, such as oil, natural gas, annually. The global wind energy sector experienced a coal and hydropower, have been and will continue to play 40.5% increase in annual additions to the global market in » 6 2006 G8 Summit Focus – Global Energy Security 2006 G8 SUMMIT SAINT PETERSBURG, RUSSIA 7 2006 G8 SUMMIT FOCUS GLOBAL ENERGY SECURITY 2005, yet wind power still only represents about 1% several decades.” The transition to clean and renewable and provides price-stable widely distributed energy. c. Phase out subsidies to conventional energy sources of the total global energy supply. Wind power could easily energy resources requires cooperation from all sectors Renewable energy sources advance economic within a reasonable time frame, with a flexible transition meet 20 percent of the global energy demand, while and commitment from global leaders to actively and opportunities in both urban and rural areas and create plan to avoid undue economic hardships. other renewables and clean energy technologies hold aggressively pursue clean, efficient, and renewable new industries across the globe. 3) Facilitate “Leapfrog” Energy Advances similar potential. energy resources and the policies necessary to spur Work with developing countries with burgeoning their advancement. Specific steps to move towards this Overall, energy efficiency and renewable energy energy markets to facilitate “leapfrog” technological Pursuit of clean and renewable energy resources spurs objective and reap the benefits of this unique global resources create a cleaner, more stable, secure, advances that spur the jump to energy efficient new economic opportunities, increases technological opportunity are discussed below. profitable and sustainable global energy system while technologies, distributed renewable energy, and innovation, and provides a feasible means to reduce addressing the pressing issues of climate change and clean energy technologies. greenhouse gases and
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