1963 CONGRESSIONAL · RECORD- SENATE· 5153 Harrison, Holl1ster S., 'NG02298675. Ortolano, Alexander · Simpson, Arthur E. - John, Roger M. Otloin, Robert A. Nelson, Darl D., 04041645. • J. • Simpson, Gordon T : Johnson, Leslie E. Paseman, Lloyd w. To be captaln; Med!cai ServiCe qorpl Provost, John M. Wold, Cordell 0. · Johnson, Roger A. Pedroza, Gregorio C. Johnston, Frederick Perrin, :Rich&.rd T. · -Leven, Fred, Jr., 0997953.. . · ' The following-named distinguished .mili­ tary students for appointment in the Regular W., Ill Personale, Robert E. To be first lieutenants, Judge Advocate Gen- Army· of the United States, in the graUe ·or Johnston, Robert E. Pignato, John c. eral's Corps · second lieutenant, under the provi8ions of Jungbauer, David E. Powers, Fralik, Jr. Dahlinger, Richard K., 02307792. title 10, United States Code sections 3283, Kaplan, Harvey T. Prieto, Harry P~. Jr. DePaul, Anthony K., 05208144. 3284, 3285, 3286, 3287, and 32S8: · Kawaguchi, Stanley K.Pruitt, Rona.ld 0 : Johnson, Bruce R. S., 05&12447. Keller, Theodore W. Redman, Michael c. Alden, William M. Davidson, Edward L. Keller, Tillman J ., Ill :Reese, Arvel c. · Murray, Robert E., 02306969. Allen, Richard F. Dexter, Richard A. Myers, Walterlt., 02307791. · Kettlewell, Richard J. Robinson, OrawfOl"d M. Andrews, William R., Dishaw, John D. Kirlla, Michael R. Rothst.eln, Terry A. : Nlcewicz, Walter A., 05004656. Jr. Donchez, AUm L. Stovall, James T., m, 02303738. Kirkland, Joseph M. Rye, Stephen T._ Archie, Robert Donnell, Victor L. Kleberg, John R. Saffron, Joseph P. Tolman, Gare.~ W., 05403223. Armstrong, Lester F. Duerr, Hans Klein, Frank W., Jr. Salley, Hammond M. To be first lieutenants, Veterinary Corps. Asplen, George H. Dunn, Robert A. . Knake, Walter P. Schofield, DaleW. Riddell, John R.; 0230'5572. Augsburger, Grayson Duplessis, Troy L., Knight, Joseph A. Seay, Thomas 'F. T. Jr. Stumbo, Barney A., 064~2307. Koepp, David R. Shangreaux, John D. Ayers, RobertS. Dwyer, Raymond M. To be first lieutenants, MedicaZ.Cotps Kress, James P. Shanholtz, James E. Baker, Carter G. EMon, Michael G. Lange, Charles W., Jr. Sharp, Frank W., Jt. Bean, Samuel P .• -02309220. · · Barnett, William B. Erickson, Richard La.susky, Joseph J. Shearer, Robert L. Binion, Gerald R.,- 0~2212. Barron, Nicholas Fabian, David R, Lecky, William R., III Sl)irey, Wilbur-c. Brown, James}J., Q53_04~57. Barron, William M. Fallis, Stanley R. Lee, Paul A. Shoffner, Amos G. Cook, Thomas L., 02309453. Barrow, Joseph M. Flnkleman, David Lehmann, Lynn W. Shumaker, David I. DeLos Santos, Manuel T., 02305383. Bashore, John F. Fitzpatrick, Henry H. Lelderitz, James D." Singer, George D. Dlerdorff, Edwin P., 95501821. Bassett, Sterling P. Fogle, Ph111p R. Lelshner, Stanley L. Smith, Paul M. Dotin, Larry N., 02309186. Batts, William M., m Foster, James H., Jr. Leonard, George R. Smith, Warren A., Jr. Gardner, Richard L., 06408291. Beechley, Bruce C. Frederick, Jonathan Leonard, Orth S. . Smith, Wilbur L. · Harkins, Paul D., 05209776_. Benavides, Gustavo E. Lerch, Paul "8. Spangler, Andrew M. . Hickman, Lynn E., 02309165. 0., Jr. Froehle, Harold A . Leshanskl, George P. Spight, ThomM,-Jr. Houston, Samuel D., 06400406. Bezner, Robert Z. Garlock, Larry W. Lewis, Clarence I., Jr. Stamey, Victor E. Kilgus, Andrew H., 02309212. Blackstone. Jon c. Garrison, Stuart E. Lewis, Joe A. Steadman1 Kenneth A. Lewis, Charles W., 02305355. Bloch, Samuel A., Jr. Gary, Harley J. Lingenfelter, r>uane F. Strommer, Mathias A. Reinbold, Ronald G., 02309168. Boberg, Walter W. Gasdek, Walter F. Lister, Pa.ul :a. Szymanowicz, Phlllp Slahorek, George J., 05505882. Bode, Donald D., Jr. Gavin, Laurence W. Little, DouglM W. B. Vavrin, Charles R., 02309259. Boling, Robert H ., Jr. Gentry, Mark 0. LOesch, Jrerbert 'W., Jr. Taylor, Edwin L. To be ftrst JitutefU.&nts, Medical Service Corps. Bolon, George Gideon, Wilburn C. Long, Samuel G., Jr. Taylor, Wllliari:i"P. Bowles, Dalla.S L. Gilbert, Edwin J. Mahaffy, Paul D. Terrlll, .t.oel B. Baker, Harlan H., Jr., 05404744. Bowman, Thomas E. Gill, Vernon S. Graydon, Donald M., 02299414. Maino, Michael M. Terry, Elbridge W. Bragg, Thomas B. Giovanola, John T. Major, James S. Tipka, Alan w. Qulllin, Robert M., 02297924. Braun, Sidney J. Godfrey, Albert B. Tatam, Wllliam M.,-02289797. Mann, Jay I. Valentine, Kit J. Brennan, Thomas P. Goodwin, Bobby A. Mann, Robert E. Vaughn, Ronald K. To be first lieutenant, Women's Army CJ_orps Brokovich, Michael J. Gordon, Henry Manning, James G., Jr.walsh, Cecil L. Klainer, Joyce I., L2304975. Broussard, Allen Gosnell, Robert A. Marlow, WUiard E: Walz; Arthur H., Jr. Brown, Gerald. A. Gray, Nicholas H. · McCauley, William A. Weishaupt, Robert M. To be second lieutenant, Army Nurse Corps Bryant, Thomas Gray, Sam A. Daniel, Donna L., N5411508. Burke, Peter P. Guest, Robert K. McMillin, Stephen B. Wells, Robert :D., Jr. :McLennan, Norman J. White, Condell S. To be second lieutenants, Medical Service Cannon, Hoyt E., Jr. Haisten, Robert W. Meredith, Richard L. WUliams, Budge E. · Carey, Roland Hall, John Q. Corps Mills, Charles L. Williams, Charles L. Castleberry, Pierce C., Hammett, Jimmy S. Mix, Henry L. Williams, John H. Capps, Joseph K., 05310197. Jr. Harris, Alina F. Morey, Donald E. Wilson, Daniel B. Harman, Richard :8., 05511787. · Cawyer, Telefus B., II Hart, John L. Murphy, Edward H. Wilson, Willlam C. Lemmers, Dean P., 05511648. Chambers, James E. Hastings, John H. Spiker, James E., Jr·., 02302488~ Nelson, Harold M. Wright, Alexander S., Christian, Step~en Hatte~. Larry P. Neusehwanger, David T., Jr. Herman, John D. m To be second lieutenant, Women's Army M. Yonts, Robert B., Jr. Corps Cibik, Dennis M. . . Hicks, Larry W. Clz-Madfa, Joseph Holland, William E. Nibert, Lewis R. Young, Ronald E. Scribner, Elizabeth E., L5302047. Cochran, Larry W. Holtry, Anthony K. Nicol, Alan B. Zumbro, Hugh M. The following-named distinguished mili­ Collins, Jon D. Hoover, Glenn D., Jr. Noxon, Elwood R . . tary students for appointment in the Regular Comee, William C., Howard, Ralph E. Army of the United States, in the grade and Jr. Hudgens, George T. corps specUled, under the provi8ions of title Cooke, David P. Hughes; Miles A., Jr. CONFIRMATION 10, United States Code, sections 3283, 3284, cooper, David E. K. Hulbert, Garlan A. Executive nomination confirmed by the 3285,3286,3287,3288, and 3290: Couch, Jacob B., Jr. Ibanez, Armando Senate, March 28, 1963: Dalton, Thomas W., Inks, Thomas E. To be second lieutenants, Medical Service Jr. Iwasaki, Robert H. U.S. DISTRICT JUDGE Corps Bardis, John J. Jay, James R. Bernard M. Decker, of nunois, to be U.S. Bauer, FrankL. . Gessner, Donald R. Darling, Roger L. Jencks, Harlan W. district judge for the northern distrrct of Fobbs, Benjamin F. McCleary, Patrick J. Dasher, Marcus, Jr. - Jensen, Craig L. IDinois.

Mr. Virgil Gunlock · leaders, Mr. Virgil Gunlock, chairman pressways, and the development of the of the Chicago Transit Authority. He O'Hare International Airport. He was EXTENSION OF REMARKS was a man whose work for his city cov­ a most active member of the Chicago OJ' ered numerous public improvement proj­ Planning Commission; and he also found ects and many other worthwhile efforts time to participate in his neighborhood HON. EDWARD R. FINNEGAN that truly made Chicago a better city community groups, such as the Lincoln - OF .ILLINOIS in which to live. Park Community_Conservation Associa­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Among his many services to the city tion. of Chicago _and its citizens were direc­ Virgil Gunlock was born May 18,.1905, Thursday,March-28,1963 tion of the operations of Chicago's mass on a farm near New Canton, - Pike Mr. FINNEGAN. Mr. Spe"'aker,· i: was transportation system, promiil.ent roles County, Dl. In 1927 he was graduated very distre~sed to ~eturn hpme ~ past in such· major programs as the digging from the University of Dlinois with high weekend and learn of the death of one of the two downtown Chicago subways, scholastic honor~ and a Bachelor of Sci­ of Chicago's most distinguished. civic the construction of the" system of ex- ence degree in civil engineering. While CIX--325 5154·- CONGRESSIONAL REGORD- SENATE- March 28- at -the university, he was a member· of the American Indian-health, education, Health, Education, and Welfare. The . co­ the Big Ten championship wrestling housing, welfare, development, and operation of many private organizations team in 1926 and 1927. His :first job crafts. working ln the fie~d of Indian welfare has provided a step up the ladder toward ac­ after graduation was with the Chicago Mr. President, I ask unanimous con­ ceptable health standards. Much advance­ Sanitary District, where he worked for sent to have printed in the CoNGRES­ ment is due to a sympathetic and farsighted more than 10 years as an engineer. In SIONAL RECORD the article entitled "Ac­ Congress which saw and understood the 1938, when the city of Chicago started ceptance Remarks by Congressman BEN need, and appropriated the funds neces­ construction of the State Street subway, REIFEL, of South Dakota, vice president sary to make achievement possible. Perhaps Gunlock was appointed resident engi­ of Arrow, Inc." most deserving of commendation are the neer on the :first subway contract. He There being no objection, the address Indians themselves who have struggled to advanced quickly to the position of chief was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, bring about understanding, cooperation, and advancement among their own people. subway engineer, and in 1945 was ap­ as follows: We can look at these paintings today and pointed commissioner of subways and ACCEPTANCE REMARKS BY CONGRESSMAN BEN feel justifiably proud of our progress. But superhighways and then become commis­ REIFEL, OF SOUTH DAKOTA, VICE PRESIDENT we cannot look at them and feel compla­ sioner of public works in 1952. OF ARROW, INC. cent. Much still remains to be done. Mr. Gunlock was named to the Chicago It is with both extreme pleasure and pro­ It is true that the Indian infant mortality Transit Authority board in June . 1954, found gratitude ·that I accept, on behalf. of rate has been c-qt in ·half,·but it is still. twice by the late Mayor Martin H. Kennelly Arrow, this striking collection of paintings. that of the non-Indian ·population. to replace the late Ralph Budd, who had It is refreshing to note. that a pharmaceuti­ It is true · that TB is no longer the lead­ cal company such as Abbott is not only in ing cause of death among Indians, but the retired as transit authority chairman. the business of developing medicine for sav­ overall Indian death rate remains frighten­ Mayor Daley named Mr. Gunlock to a . ing lives but, through its program of fine art, ingly higher than the death rate for the gen­ full 7-year term on the Chicago Transit also enriches our lives. eral population. -Authority board in 1959. I think it must be -obvious to everyone It is true that the Indian can expect to It was in the latter capacity that Mr. ·here, on seeing the thrilling works of the live. longer, but his life expectancy still falls Gunlock made frequent trips to Wash­ four very talented artists commissioned by 20 years short of yours. ington to testify before House and Senate the Abbott Laboratories, that the results rep­ As you look at the colorful and articu­ committees a.c; an expert on mass trans­ resent not only a significant contribution to late brush work in these paintings, you will the art world, but also to the enhancement read a story at once heartening and discour­ portation and its relationship to our big of a better understanding of the American aging. It is a story of the great improve­ city problems. It was my pleasure last Indian in general and his health and medi­ ments that have been achieved, and the year to invite him to appear before the cal problems in particular. progress that is yet to be made. It is a House Banking and Currency Commit­ In fact, it was the development of a more story that must be told, and we hope to use tee, of which I was a member, when we realistic understanding which the people of these paintings in such a way that it will were considering the Mass Transporta­ Abbott were striving for when, 14 years ago, be. tion Act. Mr. Gunlock impressed the they sent their writer-artist teams across They will remain displayed here tomorrow committee with his grasp of the prob­ 20,000 miles of Indian reservation lands to and we ask that you invite your friends to lems confronting all big cities in grap­ portray Indian life as it then existed. Look­ view them. Later, during the 1964 New York ing at these paintings today, there's little World's Fair, the works will be housed· in the pling with the chaos and confusion in doubt that they have helped to achieve a American Indian pavllion where they will transporting our rapidly growing popula­ better understanding, for the progress in bring their message to millions of Americans. tion in and out of large metropolitan Indian health care, a progress which could What their specific future use beyond the areas every day. He was a man to get only have come about with increased under­ fair will. be, we do· not· yet 'know, but we his ideas across and also to carry them standing, has been striking. would welcome suggestions from any of you out. I learned much from him in our Let me give you a few lllustrations. In here today which would assure that the discussions of the problems Chicago 1950, when these paintings were first re­ story they have· to tell remains prominent. faced in. this era of tremendous growth. produced in the Abbott· Laboratories' mag­ Por we of Arrow, along with all of you, I'm ' azine, What's New, the accompanying text sure, look forward to the time when the true Every citizen of Chicago whether he revealed some shocking medical statistics. v&lue of these' paintings will be measured knew ·Mr. Gunlock personally-or not will The death rate among Indians due to tuber­ not by their portrayal of the work that re­ feel the absence of him .because he gave culosis was .then 10 times higher than it-was . mains to be done, ·but only by their creative so much of his superior· time and effort for the non-Indian population. Today, that beauty and their symbolization of a history to help make Chicago a better city. figure has been reduced to less than four of suffering that has passed. times, and TB, no longer the scourge it was We are indeed highly honored to be made 14 years ago, now ranks ninth among causes permanent custodians of this valuable and of Indian deat- ~. unique collection. Thank you. Acceptance Remarks by Representative The same article also told of a tragically Ben Reifel, of South Dakota, Vice Pres­ unbelievable infant mortality rate. Out of every 1,000 Indian babies born, 89 died. To­ ident of Arrow, Inc., Acknowledging the day, that death rate has been reduced by Abbott Laboratories Gift of Paintings more than half. And this, despite the fact The Rise of Secularism that the Indian population is increasing Depiding the Practice of Medicine by more rapidly than the general population. With disease rife and medical care at a EXTENSION OF REMARKS American Indians minimum, how long could the American OF Indian so vividly portrayed in these paint­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS ings expect to live? This is a quotation from HON. STROM THURMOND OF a Papago report cited in the article of 14 OF SOUTH CAJlOLIRA years ago: . "Of approximately 260 infanta ~ - Tm: SENATE OF THE · ~ S~ATES HON. KARL E. MUNDT · ·· born each year, one-fourth die within 12 months; at the ~e of 6 there are only 160 Thursday, March 28, 1963 OF SOUTH . DAKOTA left; at the age of 18, only 126. The life IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES Mr. THURMOND. Mr. President, I expectancy of a Papago infant is 17 years." I have been·impressed by many columns Thursday, March 28, 1963 Today, that Papago can expect to live 42 years. · written by Mr. Jenkin Lloyd Jones who is Mr. MUNDT. · Mr. President, Abbott Unquestionably, there · has been tremen­ a syndicated columnist for the Washing­ Laboratories presented to Arrow,. Inc., dous· progress in the medical and health · ton Evening Star.· The.March 25, 1963, on March 6, 1963, a collection of -36 orig­ care of the Indian, and today he can aspire issue of the Star contains one of Mr. inal paintings which effectively portray to a life more nearly comparable to that of Jones' most outstanding columns entitled in the form of an art the pressing hu­ his f~llow Americans. These paintings have "Minority Rights Ad Absurdum: If Court man problem of health and its mainte­ contributed to that progress. So have many Bars Baltimore School Prayer, How Far of you here this afternoon, and I would not nance among the American Indians. wish to let this opportunity go by without Can An 'Intolerant' Few Go?" I ask The Honorable BEN REIFEL, of South acknowledging and commending the efforts unanimous consent that it be printed in Dakota, my own dist~nguished Repre­ of such Government agencies as the Bureau the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. I also ask sentative, delivered the acceptance ad­ of Indian Affairs, the Department of Agricul­ unanimous consent that a newsletter I dress on behalf of Arrow, Inc., which is ture, the Interior Department, and the Divi­ recently prepared on this subject be an organization working on behalf of sion of Indian Health of the Department of prin~ with this column in the RECORD. 1.963 · CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-- SENATE 5155 There being no objection,· the article you may or may. not believe. 'lb.is. has got. estant leaders, in an -article in the Washing­ anQ. statement were ordered to be.printed to go. But on. the other hand, the millinery. ton P06t, called tor acceptance of the estab­ in 'the REcoRi>. as follows: business, the garment industry and . the lishment in America of a new religion, which candymakers need. something . like Easter. they called secularism, :Mr. Ma.rtin Marty :MINQ~ R~GH'l'S AD ABSU1lDUM-IF COURT So let~s train .out children to look forward called secularism "the fastest growing group BARIJ BAL~ORE ScHOOL -PRAYER, How FAR to New-Hat-New-Dress-Chocolate-Egg Day. · in America." CAN· .faN INTOLERA:MT FEW Go? We've got to clean up Thanksgiving, too. Now pending before the U.S. Supreme (By Jenkin Lloyd Jones) These .silhouettes of obviously Protestant Court are two cases which could give the The U.S. Supreme Court now has under Pilgrim Fathers that we have the kinder­ secularists their greatest victory to date. advisement another school prayer case, and garten kids cutting out are an insult to all Both are concerned with the r~ght of a local 1f it hasn't learned anything since its de­ other sects and religions. And the whole school to permit its students to engage, cision on the New York regents prayer last business is a slam at our atheists. For without any_ compulsion, in the :~;ecitation fall it is likely to come up with another Thanksgiving means giving thanks to God. of the Lord's Prayer and Bible reading in dizzy ruling. What shall we substitute? The United Na­ morning exercises. One case is from Mary­ The new suit came out of Baltimore, where tions? land and the other is from Pennsylvania. a mother who is an avowed atheist sued the American Negroes have properly battled Many other States permit their schools to Baltimore School Board oecause a passage for the right to live where they choose and have such exercises, includi~ South Caro­ from the Old Testament and the Lord's go to school where they live. In some places lina, where most schools have a similar Prayer were part of the daily opening exer­ the reluctant majority have had to be program. cises at her -son's school. spanked. These rights have long been guar­ The principal argument being made by the When she complained in the lower court anteed there. secularists is that their liberty is being com­ the school board promptly offered to let her Yet, at the urging of the NAACP, Negroes promised. Many of the same people who son be- excused' from hearing the offensive are boycotting a school in northern New have done the most to destroy Uberty in words. ·But now the mother claims that this Jersey because 90 percent of the student& this country through support of centraliza­ sets her son apart and subjects him to ridi­ are colored. Why? Because white families tion of power and softness toward the enemy cule and abuse. She has demanded that no exercised what Negroes have been demand­ are the most vocal in defense of absolute Bible readings or prayers be made in the ing, namely the right to move where they liberty in some .areas. For instance, we are hearing of any Maryland child while in pub­ pleased. And they moved out of the neigh­ told that academic freedom 18 fostered when lic school.- borhood. So the Negroes are demanding that we permit communism to be taught in some Now some day the majority are going to white children be driven back into that of our institutions and also when Commu­ get tired of being pushed around by the school. nists are invited. to lecture on the campuses minority. 'Because we have moved into an It is one thing to insist that the majority of America. Now we are being told that we era where the mlnority is demanding satis­ accord a minority the rights the majority must remove acknowledgement of God from faction for itself even where it interferes with enjoys. This is justice. Bu~ it is another our national life in order to appease secular­ the satiSfaction of the majority. This can thing to chase the majority around the block ists or atheists, who are not required to get absurd. With a stick, demanding that it behave 1n participate in these public school acknowl­ The -overwhelming majority of :Maryland­ a way decreed by the minority. edgments. These arguments overlook the ers are not ·atheists and they think it is a We're getting close to that point. The important truth that, as our Constitution good idea If their children listen to a few tragedy is that a growing public conscious­ and other important national documents preachments. The Communists think so, ness of minority rights is likely to be soured state, we derive our blessings of liberty from too. They smother RUssian and Chinese by the arrogance of some minority leaders. God, whether we call Him by the term of children with ·preachments, most of them This could set ua back-way back. "Jehovah," "God," or "Divine Providence." from their pickled god, Lenin. Well, the The majority will stand just so much When we scratch the Giver and Provider of Bible contains preachments. So do the Ko­ kicking. · our liberties from our national life, we like­ ran, the Zend Avesta and the sacred books wise imperil those remaining vestiges of lib­ erty and turn our. Nation to secularism or of Budda--all filled with good advice to STROM THURMOND REPORTS TO THE PEOPLE­ youth. But all but a handful of Americans even national atheism, as is required in THE RISE OF SECULARISM Communist societies today. subseribe to religious bodies that venerate the On February 17, 1962, Dr. B1lly Graham Old Testament. I am repulsed by the false notion that we warned our Nation that "there is a move­ should destroy the pillars on which our lib- · ··Yet the angry lady in Baltimore holds that ment gathering momentum in America to even·though it is OK with the majority of erties rest in order to advance some cause to take the traditional concept of God out in the name of liberty. .Such actions consti­ :Marylanders that her son duck out when of our national life.'' the Bible .ts opened, bis "rights" are being tute a fraud and sham not only on God, but outraged. ·They will only be satisfied if all Since that time we have witnessed a steady also on liberty itself and the people of Marylanders agree to conform to her taboos. advance of progress being made in this coun­ America. Otherwise, Maryland shall be damned as "in­ try by the forces of secularism, those who tolerant." would take God out of our national life. The 'most notable victory for the secularists Address by Congressman R~ss Bass at Is it possible for the minority to be intol­ came on June 25, 1962, when the U.S. su­ erant, too? preme -court ruled out a noncompulsory New the 18th Annual Convention of the Na­ Both Houses of Congress open with prayer. York school prayer which merely acknowl­ tional Limestone Institute, Inc., Statler Isn't this an affront to atheist citizens? edged dependence upon Al~lghty God and. Let's fire the chaplain.'\. Tequested His blessings on the children, their Hilt~ Hotel, Washington, D.C. On most of the coins and bills we carry teachers, and their country. The prayer there is the legend, "In God We Trust." was found to be an attempt to establish a Aren't we being cruel to sincere·· atheists in religion in conflict with the first amendment EXTENSION OF REMARKS forcing them to purchase their groceries with to the Constitution, which provides that 0'11' this pious money? .. Congress shall make no law respecting an The school assembly salutes the flag. The establishment of religion, or prohibiting the .HON . .D. R• .(BILLY) MATTHEWS students stand with their hands over their free exercise thereof.'' OF FLORIDA hearts Intoning the words--"this Nation Millions of Americans prot-ested the deci­ _ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES under God • • • ." Surely the cops should sion, and for a while it appeared that the be called and the principal arrested. Congress would be forced to overrule the Thursday, March 28, 1963 School lunches offer meat. Meat is an decision, even if it meant amending the abomination to honest vegetarians. Shall Constitution. The forces of secularism were Mr. MATI'HEWS. Mr. Speaker, un­ we, therefore, feed our children pea soup and quick,.however, to counter' the mass of public der leave to extend my remarks I am de­ yogurt? opposition through the propaganda devices lighted to insert in the RECORD an ad­ Last December, three public schools in of the so-called liberal news media and also dress by our colleague, the .gentleman Sharon, ;Mass., removed au Christmas trees with the blessings of many national leaders from Tennessee lMr. BASS]. This ad­ and Christmas decorations from their ·class­ who hailed the-decision as a victory for reli­ -dress was delivered at the 18th Annual rooms on the theory that they were . an gious freedom. It was a victory of sorts for Convention· of the National Limestone affront to Jewish students. . Bye-bye Santa freedom, but a vlctory for freedom from Claus, because St. Nicholas was a Christian Institute, at the Statler Hilton Hotel religiori. rather than freedom of religion. here in Washington, D.C. saint. However, the Russians have ·shown Since that decision, the secularistS have us how we can still get our presents. We scored new gains in their fight. to eradicate 'Ib.e address follows: welcome Grandfather Frost. Merry Present.­ publlc ·recognition of a Supreme Being. The ADDRESs BY CoNGREssMAN Ross BAss AT THE Giving Pay. singing of Chri.stmas carols has been ended . 18TH ANNUAL CQNVENTION OF THE NATIONAL And bye-bye_to all the school Easter Bun­ in some schools. During tlie past Chrlstma.S LI~TONE .I .NSTITVTE, INC., STATLER HlLTON nies. Easter is a Christian festival in which season, a group of secularists in New England HOTEL, WASHINGTON, D.C. the resurrection of living things from 'the were able to pressure sotne school principals Th.ank you very much. rm happy to be dea.th of wititer· Is symbollzed by·observance into abolishing the ChrUstmas tree from their with you at the National Limestone Insti­ of the story of Christ's resurrection, which schoolrooms. On January 5, 1963, two Prot- tute. 5156 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· SENATE March 28 I was ·introduced as a former member of sage that we have a tax decrease. I am glad there were six vacancies on the Committee the Committee on Agriculture. I left the that I have become a member of the Com­ on Agriculture-one Member of the Congress committee recently, but, as I leave I take mittee on Ways and Means in the year when made this his primary choice and th~ was with me an abiding and a keen interest in we can expect a tax cut instead of a tax only because he could not get his colleague the affairs of agriculture because I represent raise. So, I will say that. in all probability. from the same State· to ·go on the commit­ a rural district in Tennessee, made up of there will be some revisions, some· adjust­ tee. He didn't really want to become a 16 counties. We have a direct interest in ment downward in the taxing situation in member, but he felt it was important to almost every phase of agriculture in the the United States this year. Just how it have a member from his State on agricul­ United States that exists without either the will affect your interests, your industry, I ture. This means that the Committee on use of extreme irrigation or tropical weather. cannot say. The President has recommended Agriculture 8 years ago had 5· vacancies Our agriculture is diversified, and !or that a decrease in the corporate taxes so that, as and about 30 appllcants and this time it reason, over a period of years, I have made he stated, "The Federal Government would wound up with 6 vacancies and 1 appllcation. an intense study of its programing and not be the major partner of corporations." This is a sad commentary on American planning. Thus leaving the Committee on Some of you men are in the larger corpora­ agriculture. What has brought it about? Agriculture is not due to my lack of interest. tions and some in the smaller ones, but you First of all, the Committee on Agriculture, To the contrary, I felt that I could broaden can expect a tax cut. I think, in both areas. of which I was a part, is the most partisan the service that I have done in the Congress, I cannot speak to you as an authority on group in the Congress. It is the most strong­ and at the same time, still work with agri­ agriculture; I cannot speak with authority ly divided committee on party lines 1;hat culture. on taxes. Having been on the Committee I have had the opportunity to observe dur­ I was billed today as a speaker on conser­ on Agriculture for the past 8 years I have ing my service in the Congress. If Secre­ vation matters. I am not going to stick to never seen an expert on agriculture. In the tary Benson proposed something, then I that script entirely. Instead, I'm going to 8 years I have been in the Congress, I do not would say that more than 90 percent of the talk in the general field of agriculture, some­ believe there is a single man in the world members on the Democratic side were 1m­ what in the vein of a farewell address, or who has the answer to the multiple problems mediately against it, and the same situation ·parting advice to my friends who make up that confront American agriculture. I !lave in reverse exists with Secretary Freeman. If the official family in the world of agricul­ served under two Secretaries of Agriculture. he proposes something, immediately the Re­ ture. I do not consider myself being a mem­ I think they are both outstanding men. publican side of the committee opposes lt. ber of that official family any longer. They are high-type, well-informed Ameri­ So what happens? Last year in Congress, we The 88th Congress has started its usual cans, but I do not believe that the Great ran a bill through the House ot Represent­ course of arguing over various facets of Man who walked on the shores of Galilee atives twice; watered it down both times; our organization and rules. Following the Himself could be the Secretary of Agricul­ finally had to take everybody's views in the usual pattern, Congress got off to a slow ture and please even a majority of the people form of a compromise; and then we called start. This year the primary fight in the involved in agriculture. it a great victory. This is how difficult it House of Representatives was on the Rules Therefore, as I leave the Committee on has become to legislate in the field of agri­ Committee. In the Senate, they are fighting Agriculture, I would Uke to use this forum culture. Now, gentlemen, there are some about their rules, not the Rules Committee. to make a few pertinent remarks relating reasons for this. The two reasons listed be­ The surprising thing that I have to the agriculture situation in the United low are partially responsible for the one I learned since I have been in Congress, States at this time. Operating as you do on just gave you. is that there are so many experts in the lay the fringe of agriculture. and being inter­ The second reason for the decline in the field on the organization, and makeup of the ested in the conservation programs of agri­ field of agriculture is farm organizations. I Congress. The late, great and beloved Sam culture, I know you are interested in the am not going to term your organization a Rayburn, for whom I had the· highest re­ overall picture and the influence agriculture farm organization. I am talking about the gard of any mari in public life, told me in has in the United States. major farm organizations that deal specifi­ the last year of his life, "Ross, no man Conservation is a word that might well be cally with farmers, have farmers, or pretend ever gets to know the rules of the House of used today in trying to cure some of the to have farmers·only, for their membership, Representatives. Therefore. regardless of ills of agriculture. In my opinion, this is and try to deal specifically in farm interests who is Speaker of the House. he must have a great oasis that has gone dry. Only a few and farm legislation. I'm not talking about a good . parllamentarian." Being familiar years ago agriculture constituted the great­ any one of them; I'm talking about all of with the organization·and the internal affairs est part of American industry, of the Ameri­ them. I have never in all of my "put to­ of the Congress does not come without long can economy. At the same time. It consti­ gethers," as we would say down in Tennessee, experience and study. My surprise came tuted a great part of the political influence seen organizations that are as biased, ·so nar­ about this year when 'I received advice from in the United States. But, three things have row, so prejudiced. and so selfish in my life. my constituents instructing me how I should happened in recent history which have They are interested only in the following vote on the size of the Rules Committee in caused agriculture to decline, both in Its in­ questions: Is this program mine? Did I get the House of Representatives. And I don't fluence and Its interest. as far as Americans it through the Congress? Did I recommend believe that 1 out of 10,000 of them even are concerned. · it to the Secretary? Will lt get me more knows what the Rules Committee in the I think the ~asic reason for the plight of members? Can I go back and tell our mem­ House does. Having voted to enlarge the agriculture today and particularly agricul­ bership that we got this program through, Rules Committee, will not have any effect ture legislation can be found on Capitol HUI, good or bad, regardless of what it does or does on your everyday living. I think it was In the House of Representatives. While not do? I think the greatest thing that could something that was important in the in­ making this statement, I want you to know happen to agriculture today is to have a ternal affairs. the domestic makeup of the that I am making the statement about my­ summit meeting of farm organizations, but House of Representatives. and I am glad we self because I .was a part of this very situa­ I belleve lt would be easier for Charles de Mr. succeeded. tion. In my opinion. the influence of t~.e Gaulle, John F. Kennedy, and Khru­ This year, we had two vacancies on the Committee on Agriculture has declined 1m­ shchev to sit down and agree on foreign pol­ Ways and Means Committee of the House measurably in the past 8 years. We say this icy than it would be for the heads of these of Representatives. For the first time in in no uncertain terms recently. Let me organizations to get together on farm legis­ more than 25 years this became another in­ Ulustrate. As a member of the Ways and lation. ternal fight in the House. I was a candi· Means Committee. I also become a member I'm saying some things that sound de­ date for the Committee on Ways and MeJ'ns. of the Democratic Committee on Commit­ pressing. They sound tragic. But from my I had long wanted to serve on that tees. We completed the committee· asslgn-:­ observations. they are the truth. My advice committee. A gentleman from the State of ments on the Democratic side of the House to the official family of agriculture is to try Georgia, a gentleman from Virginia, and I this week. to have some sort of an organization of or­ were candidates for the Ways and Means When I was elected to Congress in 1954. ganizations that would sincerely make an Committee. Instead of it being worked out it was my immediate concern and desire to attempt to work out a program that all mem­ as it has been over a period of years where become a member of the Committee on bers could endorse before they recommend it there was only one candidate for one va­ Agriculture. The chairman of the Commit­ to the Congress. They might lose some cancy or two candidates for two vacancies, we tee on Committees at that time was the members next year; they might not have so had a llttle fight among ourselves. It de­ late Mr. Jere Cooper from Tennessee; who much to go back and tell about "our pro­ veloped that I was fortunate enough to be was chairman of the Committee on Ways gram" or what "our President" said to the elected; and, for that reason, I have left and Means. Th~ fact that my State hap­ Committee on Agriculture, they might not the Committee on Agriculture. pened to chair the committee was, I think, even need a great statesman who could make Being a new member of the Committee on the reason I was able to secure a seat on speeches on things other than agriculture. Ways and Means, I shall say to you that I the Agriculture Committee. We had, I think, You read more edicts today from the presi­ have not been there long enough become five vacancies ln the 84th Congress, January dents of farm organizations on things like to taxes, foreign aid, education, roadbuilding, an expert on taxes. Therefore. I shall not 1955, and we had about 30 applicants fo~ the attempt to make a speech about taxes. The Committee on Agriculture. Many of them and everything else than you do· agriculture. President is sending a message to Congress gave this as their first choice in committee This is partially responsible for the first rea­ Thursday, the 24th. which will deal with his assignments in that Congress. Last week son I gave you. tax program for this Congress. He has rec­ when we met to give our committee assign­ Of· course, the third reason is the decline ommended in his state of the Union mes- ments on the Democratic side of the House. in the political influence of the farmer ·on -1969 .CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 5157

~erican life. T4ere was a time, when I was giving me this opportunity to testify on H.R. Our subcommittee recommended the estab­ a very young man, when 50 percent of the 4663 and 4664, which I introduced in the lishment of community psychiatric clinics, American population derived their income House of Representatives on Marc_h 7, 1968. hospitals in planned medical centers ·and for directly from the soil. Today only 9 percent Mr. Chairman, these two bllls are identical .the training and education of professional of the American population actually work to those introduced by Representative liAR­ personnel. It said: and make a living from agriculture, and ani, the honorable chairman of your full "From a longer range point of view, the part of them are composed of hobby farmers. committee. All of our b1lls have the full en­ establishment of child-guidance clinics .in Therefore, it only follows that the decline dorsement of the present administration. all communities is urgently needed to pre­ in the political influence is sensed in the H.R. 4663 would authorize grants-in-aid vent early social maladjustments." Halls of Congress. to public and nonprofit institutions for the You may recall, Mr. Chairman, that in 1946 I just read where one of my good friends, construction of centers for research in the chairman of your full committee then, who is a Senator and a Democrat, made a mental retardation and related aspects of the late Hon. Percy Priest, Representative speech the other day on the farm situation. human development, to assist in means of from Tennessee, sponsored H.R. 4512, and I He said that all farm subsidies, all farm finding causes thereof and the means of sponsored in the Senate S. 1160. These two programs, should be wiped out. Last year prevention or means of ameliorating its ef­ bills were merged into Public Law 487 of the we had an amendment on the fioor of the fects. The blll would authorize $8 m1llion 79th Congress which authorized the estab­ House of Representatives, which would have for each of the fiscal years 1964--66 and $4 lishment of the National Institute of Mental cancelled the conservation programs, all million for 1967 and for 1968 for this pur­ Health at Bethesda, a broad national program payments; and, if I'm not mistaken, it re­ pose. The Surgeon General of the U .B. of research into the causes and prevention of ceived more than 100 votes. I am not sure Public Health Service would administer mental ill-health, training of personnel in how long it is going to be before that the program and approve or disapprove the treatment of psychiatric disorders with amendment would receive the necessary applications for grants which could not ex­ some experimental research in community votes to pass and become law. SO, as I have ceed 75 percent of the necessary cost of mental health centers. stated, I am a party to all of this. I am not construction. This act gave the impetus to Congress for tell1ng you this to castigate anyone or try H.R. 4663 would also authorize grants to a rapid growth in the appropriations for a to condemn any particular part of American public and nonprofit institutions for the national mental health program. This agriculture. · I am tell1ng you what situation construction of facilities for the care and growth is reflected in the following figures exists in the Congress and in the country treatment of the mentally retarded, includ­ of Federal funds provided in 1946, 1950, and today. I'm tell1ng you this only through the ing facUlties connected with college and 1963: 1946, $66,000; 1950, $10,019,000; and hope that you gentlemen who have in­ university hospitals or other appropriate 1963, $143,599,000. fluence on the fringes of agriculture can try parts of colleges or universities under State In 1949 Florida had only one State mental to do something about the dilemma. plans approved by the Surgeon General upon health hospital at Chattahoochee. It was 540 In parting, let me commend you and your the basis of population, the extent of the miles from Miami. It had at that time only organization on the work you have done. need for the facilities and the financial needs 3,000 beds and 6,000 patients. Many patients Certainly conservation, agriculture conserva­ of the respective States. Under the bill, $5 from south Florida had to spend their time tion, in which you play a great part, is of million would be appropriated for this pur­ in Tampa jails during their travel to the vital interest to us in the United States. We pose for the fiscal year ending June 80, hospital at Chattahoochee. are damned with the greatest blessing in the 1965 and $10 million for each of the next In the Miami area, there was only one world, surplus amounts of food and fiber. 4 years. nonpublic institution. It had no psychia­ Where 9 percent of our population work in Title I of H.R. 4664 would authorize the trist and no neurologist. agriculture, we produce enough food and Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare At the present time there are in addition fiber to feed not only our country, but many, to make allotments to States on the basis to the State mental hospital at Chatta­ many other countries and much of the popu­ of approved plans for the construction of hoochee, the SOuth Florida Mental Hospital lation of the rest of the world. To the con­ public and other nonprofit community men­ in West Hollywood just outside of Dade trary, in many .countries, up to 85 percent tal health centers on the basis of appro­ County, the Northeast State Hospital and of the population work on the farm today priations determined by Congress beglr~ning the George Pierce WOod Memorial Hospital. and they can't produce enough to feed and with the year ending June 30, 1965. The Dade County now has facilities at the clothe their own people. We are blessed with primary factors which the Secretary would Jackson Memorial Hospital, the above men­ ability to produce and your interests have take into account are population, the extent tioned South Florida State Mental Hospital, been a part of this. SO, I say to you, keep up of the need for such centers in each State, a new day-care center at the Veterans' Fa­ the good work. Keep agriculture well sup­ and the financial needs of the respective cility at Coral Cables, a mental health de­ plied with the ingredients of conservation to States. Title II of the bill would authorize partment within the Dade County Health keep damning us with this great blessing, the Secretary to make grants to public or Department, and the Dade County Child because I hope I never see the day when we nonprofit institutions to which a grant was Guidance Clinic. do not have enough food and fiber. made under title I to meet the cost of the But the record clearly shows that these I thank you very much for the privilege initial sta.fftng of community mental health fac111ties in Florida are wholly inadequate of being with you. centers on the basis of appropriations deter­ to meet the pressing needs in the field of mined by Congress. Any such grant may not mental health. The Florida Association for exceed 75 percent of the staftlng cost Mental Health pointed out in December, during the first 15 months, 60 percent for 1962: Statement of Representative· Claude Pep­ the next year, 45 and 30 percent, respec­ "At Chattahoochee many patients are tively, for t~e next 2 years. housed in substandard, unsafe, old buildings. per, Democrat, of Florida, on H.R. 4663 Mr. Chairman, Congress recognized this It would be preferable to eliminate the need and 4664 Before the Subcommittee on problem during World War II. During the for these buildings than to replace them." war I was chairman of the Subcommittee on The association recommended that facili­ Public Health and Safety of the House Wartime Health and Education of the Sen­ ties be provided for mentally retarded pa­ Committee on Interstate and Foreign ate Committee on Education and Labor, tients and special facilities for older non­ which made a study of the probleins and psychotic offenders. Commerce, March 26, 1963 needs with respect to mental illness and The south Florida Mental Hospital at mental ill-health in the United States. That West HollywOod in December, 1962 had about subcommittee held a number of hearings on EXTENSION OF REMARKS 480 geriatric patients, one-third of the total. the health needs of our veterans and our Of the 430, about one half are not really OF civilian population. In January 1945 the mentally ill, although they do suffer from subcommittee issued its Interim Report No. mental lapses which are concomitant with HON. CLAUDE PEPPER 3 in which the staggering extent of mental old age. In addition 70 percent of those OF FLORIDA illness was first disclosed. For example, the on the hospital's waiting list are in this IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES report pointed out . that of 4,212,000 young category. men 18 to 37 years of age who were rejected You may recall, Mr. Chairman, that in the Thursday, March 28, 1963 for military duty by the selective service mental health appropriation for the fiscal Mr. PEPPER. Mr. Speaker, under as of June 1, 1944, 1,282,800 or over 25 per­ year ending June 30, 1963, made by Congress, leave to extend my remarks in the REc­ cent of the total rejected were for mental $4,200,000 was included to assist the States diseases and .defici~ncies. The report stated: in developing broad State mental health ORD, I include the following: "It has long been known that approxi­ care programs. The State of Florida has STATEMENT OP REPRESENTATIVE CLAUDE PEP­ mately two-thirds of the illness encountered taken advantage of this appropriation by PER, DEMOCRAT, 0:1'. FLORIDA, ON H.R. 4663 in general medical practice is essentially neu­ making use of a Federal grant thereunder AND 4664 BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON ropsychiatric in origin and that half of the for the development of a comprehensive pro­ PUBLIC HEALTH AND SAI'ETY 0:1' THE HOUSE patients in hospitals at any one time are gram of mental health care in Florida. COMMITTEE ON INTERSTATE AND FOREIGN there because of serious mental disorders. Moreover, the American Psychiatric As­ COMMERCE, MARCH -26, 1063 - Indeed, one may safely predict that in any sociation with the assistance of the State ).{r. Chairman, you know that I am deeply group of 15-year-olds 1 out of 22 will some ancl local mental health groupa made a grateful to you and your subcommittee tar 4ay be committed to a mental institution." survey and held hearings in Miami on July 5158 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE March 28 25-27, 1962. · and other hearings in Pensa• tures for the care and treatment ot mentally tween representatives of our respective Con­ cola, Tallahassee, .Jacksonville. Orlando, and. ill persons. In the United States the com­ gresses, I eannot help· but a vall myself of Tampa. This survey was summarized in the parable figure was about 3 percent. . the great honol" and exalted privilege which October 1962 monthlv bulletin of the The -table at the encl of my testimony with attaches to one whose name Is heir to a Kental Health Society of Greater 1\llaml respect to all Florida State mental hee.lth revolution such as yours .here in Mexico. expressing the need as follows; hospitals and the south Florida Hospital This great honor Is further punctuated by ".PacDities and services for the mentally clearly .shows the inadequacy of mental the God-endowed opportunity to address you m and seriously disturbed children, more health fac111ties in Florida. in the Spanish language which I first leanled and better services for the patient coiXliDC The State of Florida and all the communi­ in the arms of my motliler and which was .out of the .mental hospitals, low cost clinics, ties therein now spend per capita, respec­ emitted to my understanding by the palpi­ psychiatric services in general hospitals, day tively, $2.60 and 21 cents in 1960 in com­ tating caresses of my mother's heart and and night hospitals, more and better fac111- parison with $5.19 and 36 cents for the heritage. tles for the senior citizen, psychiatric serv­ United States. I am proud to be an American a.nd my ices 1n the courts, jails and stockades and Mr. Chairman, I need not relate the de­ heritage makes me appreciate with complete probation services, better legal definitions tails or the data published ·by the Joint .comprehension the great patriotism and of sane and insane, and more appropriations Information Services of the American Psy­ heritage which adorns the Uberty-loving for training and research." chiatric Association and the National Asso­ people of this Republlc-a nation conse­ It also recommended that the seven dif­ ciation of Mental Health in its 1962 edition crated by the blood .of your patriots so that ferent ·state units which now deal with of 15 indices of mental health. These data the winds of .freedom and dignity would per­ mental illness should be combined into one show clearly the great need for expanded meate the atmosphere to shelter your liber­ state department of mental health, regional community health centers, for the staffing tarian existence. treatment centers for children, and com­ of these centers with highly trained pro­ Abraham Lincoln gave sustenance to lib­ munity mental health centers. Similar fessional personnel, and for the construction erty in my country as Father Hidalgo and recommendations have been made by the and servicing of facilities for the mentally Benito Juarez forged the rivera of adversity Plorlda Association for Mental Health. retarded. Florida in these respects Is highly and colonialism in order to mold a new life Mr. Chairman, Plori11a, and particularly deficient. It is my belief that the quicker in yours. south Plorlda. lacks the proper fac111ties for Congress passes the legislation now before Guanajuato was the altar from which the proper care of the mentally 111 and the your subcommittee, the faster the compre­ Juarez presided over the liquidation of for­ mentally retarded. 'Federal facilities for all hensive mental health programs will be able eign rule-from which he infused new blood practical purposes do not exist ln Florida. to get under way. Dade County needs it, into the constricted and hungry veins of Almost all of the seriously mental sick vet­ Florida requires it, the national health and your determined people. erans must be sent to the Veterans' hospitals safety and defense demands it. We must Liberty conceived in blood .can endure only at Augusta and Atlanta, Ga.., and at Gulf­ move forward to conquer the great emergency :when it is dedicated to elevating the dignity port, Jllss. "l'heae hospitals have long waiting created by existing mental ill health and of man. Only a people grateful for its sus­ lists. the lack of fac111t1es for treatment .and pre­ tenance and shelter can perpetuate it. 'In the 2-year period 1969--31 the follow­ vention. I urge you strongly to report these Without this vital element, it would perish. tng data ·shows that Florida expended lees bills out favorably at the earliest possible Today, as we dedicate ourselves in the open than 2 percent of the total State expend!- moment. :fields of endeavor to promote the well-being of our compatriots, we are threatened by the Data on Florida and south Florida State mental hospitals empty propaganda of the Communist ideol­ ogy. We have .heard the utopian, yet hollow claims of communism. Its proponents have 19.~!Hl1 Number of Patient­ Cost per budget patients days diem extolled the virtues of communism, yet if • l ' communism is so great. why must it be I maintained by the bayonet? If it is so Florida •• ------$28, 923, 198 9, 466 6, 919,039 $4.180 sacrosanct, why have 250,000 liberty-loving 5, 209, ?00 I il, 1018 ' 743, '581 South Florida~------_------7.006 people abandoned Cuba? Why the Berlin wall? Why Hungary? Estimated Estimated Estimated Estimated These are not the crops of freedom. These 1961-63 number of days cost per are not the bills of liberty. These are not budget patients diem the shelters of dignity. This is why your country and mine are on the frontline in Florida ••• ------$38,630,4.83 10,166 1,638, 700 $5.21 our determination to eradicate this cancer Soutb Florida------7, 158, 206 1.,4.23 7, 4.20, 815 6.89 from our midst. Our attack upon this dis­ ease must be both remedial and preventative_ The Organization of America·n States and Moatoya Scores Smash Hit at Parliamen­ man from New Mexico, JosEPH M. MoN­ the Alliance for Progress symbolize the ded­ TOYA, at the final plenary session. ication of this hemisphere to eradicate this tUJ Conference With Mexico Speaking in fiawless Spanish, Congress­ menace to our liberties. In this struggle, man MoNTOYA undeniably made a deep our efforts must never cease, rather, they EXTENSION OF REMARKS impression upon our hosts. In relatively shaU·continue. OF Freedom, preciously won, must not and few words, he presented our Nation's shall not be burled in the graveyard of com­ position, identifying it with the legiti­ placency. The lamp of liberty-must burn to HON. JIM WRIGHT mate aims and aspirations of the OF TEXAS light the hopes of men everywhere. Our Mexican people and pointing out the esteemed President, John F. Kennedy, and IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES identity of interest we have in presenting your great leader, Adolfo Lopez Mateos, are Thursday, March 28, 1963 in this hemisphere a strong and united predestined to protect the legacy we have in­ herited from Abraham Lincoln and Franklin Mr. WRIGHT. Mr. Speaker, the con­ front against the spread of communism. His remarks were enthusiastically ap­ D. Roosevelt in my country and from Benito gressional delegation appointed to rep­ plauded. Juarez in yours. resent our Congress in meetings with In our effort to nurture a better way of members of the Mexican Congress has Since Congressman MoNTOYA's address life, my country's people bear a heavy bur­ returned from the Parliamentary confer­ was heard not only by many leaders of den. Your people also shoulder a great re­ ence. Much good was accomplished. the Mexican Government but also by a sponsibility. Since 1946, my country has great number of interested citizenS in­ extended the total sum of $1 billion in loans The fruits of better understanding were and grants to yours. That this was done cultivated. Those of us who had the cluding professors and students from the University of Guanajuato who attended within the framework of the good neighbor privilege and responsibiUty of represent­ policy and reciprocal advantage no one can ing our Congress in this series of meet­ the final plenary session, it_undoubtedly deny, but it is an accomplished fact. ings are certain that they were mutually accomplished a great deal by way of Today, under the leadership of our great beneficial. We feel that they have re­ developing a sympathetic understanding President, John F. Kennedy, and your great sulted in a better understanding among appreciation of the U.S. position. Un­ Chief Executive, Adolfo Lopez Mateos, we in leaders of the Mexican Government of der leave to extend my remarks, I take this hemisphere are marching upon the road in great pleasure in submitting herewith toward our mutual goals. our position and our policy certain The Alliance for Progress has united the very vital areas. the English translation of this moving address: liberty-loving peoples of this hemisphere as By any standard of measurement, one brothers. proud to cany the torch of free­ of the highlights of the entire conference LlBDTT CONCEIVED IN BLOOD dom to the tops of our mountains, led on by was the forceful and stlrrtng address As we return to th1a great RepUblic for the rhytluni~ tones ot. the fl'eedom bells delivered by our colleague, the gentle- this the Third Parliamentary Conference be- which were tolled by Je1ferson and Washing- =1963 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 5159 ton, and by Hidalgo and Juarez and the other in Chicago, ls because of· Mayor ·Daley. So alone, farm .employment dropped by a half great liberators of our glorious history. Our I am glad to be here today. million, while farm production and farm common etfort and great sacrifice .are des­ I dld not realize,· which shows the advan­ income were both rising. It 1s estimated tined and dedicated to insure the greater tage of getting out of Washington-! did that disturbing as it may sound, only 1 dignity of our peoples and the economic de­ not realize until I began to look up some out of every 10 boys growing up on the velopment of our sister nations in this hemi­ of the details of O'Hare what an extraor­ farms of the United States will find a living sphere. dinary effort this has been, the largest air­ in agriculture. The Alianza is the soul of this movement. port in the world here in the center of the This leads us to the second growing tide Its vital components are agrarian reform and United States. So I hope that Chicago will of manpower, our Nation's youth. The crest internal fiscal responsibility. In this respect continue to tell its story, not only here but of the postwar baby flood has swept through your country mirrors a great example of all across this country of what a great me­ our elementary and secondary schools and 1s compliance. Much remains to be done and I tropolis it is, its energy and vitality, and now about to engulf the labor force. Last am certain that we shall continue in our its commitment to the future. I don't think year, for example, 2.8 million young Ameri­ dedication to this task. that there is any doubt that if this country cans reached the age of 16. This year We will not allow our high purpose to be continues to grow, if we can maintain a rate 3,800,000 will be coming into the labor threatened from within or from without by of economic vitality and prosperity, that market at that age. Altogether, in the those who would subvert our freedoms. Our Chicago will be among the leaders, and that 1960's, 26 million new young workers will people are still in mourning because of the the future of O'Hare Airport, named as the enter the labor market, an increase of 40 blood spilled to insure that government is a mayor has said after a great Chicagoan, who percent over the 1950's, and a far greater servant of the people and not the master. died a good many thousands of miles away number than this country has ever had to With this lesson we cannot permit commu­ from here, that Chicago and O'Hare wlll be absorb and train in our history. nism to become the master and oppressor symbolic of the progress of this country. Already workers under the age of 25, al­ of the people. There is, I think, the central thesis, how­ though they comprise less than one-fifth of I compliment your great President, Adolfo ever, that we face serious problems in this our labor force, constitute more than one­ Lopez Mateos, who leads you in this worthy country in the decade ahead if we are going third of our unemployed. Last year, the struggle. I commend you, the great Repre­ to maintain that growth, and I want to men­ unemployment rate for men age 25 and over sentatives and Senators of this Republic, for tion one of those problems because 1 think was 4.4 percent. But for those age 20 to 24 your constructive efforts and high sense of it concerns us all, in government, in the it was 9 percent, and for those 14 to 19 it was duty. city, the National Government, the State, a shocking 13 percent. Although young On behalf of the American delegation, I labor, management, all of us as citizens. people are staying in school longer than thank you, your most able Governor, Juan I think the No. 1 domestic concern of the their fathers, the rate of school dropouts, Jose Landa, and the people of Mexico for the United States is going to be in the 1960's; the 4 out of every 10, is too high, for gracious hospitality which has insured the question of jobs, jobs for a tidal wave of job openings for the untrained are declin­ success of our joint endeavors. men and women who are going to be hitting ing, in factories, mines, farms and railroads, our labor market in the next 5 years. It is in the construction and service industries. a concern which requires the united effort Moreover, the jobless rate is always high­ of all of us. Some people may think it est among the unskilled. In our modern strange that jobs, which was the great issue society, even high school graduates find that Major Domestic Problems in the 1960's­ of the thirties, when we were in a depres­ their skllls are inadequate. But Labor De­ Address by President Kennedy son, should also be the great concern of the partment surveys show that their rate of sixties, when we enjoy a relative period of unemployment is at least far below that of economic prosperity. The diftlculty in the school dropouts, not only ln the year of leav­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS thirties was that there was an inordinately ing school, but in the later years. OF low supply of jobs for the men and women The latest surveys also show that unem­ who wished to find work. ployment rates among college graduates are HON. PAUL H. DOUGLAS The diftlculty now is the tremendously much lower than among those who come out of high school. But unfortuantely, only 1 OF ILLINOIS high manpower demand which exceeds the supply of jobs. But now, as then, every out of every 10 finish college. In short, as IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES effort must be made by all of us to strengthen challenging as it will be to provide, first, Thursday, March 28, 1963 the economy so that we can find work for jobs for the 26 million new young workers the people who want it. This involves not entering the labor market in the 1960's, far Mr. DOUGLAS. Mr. ·President, on only Chicago in this country, but it involves more diftlcult will be the problem of absorb­ last Saturday, March 23, the people of our position of leadership in the world. Mr. Ing the 7.5 million who will not even finish the city of Chicago were privileged to Khrushchev has said that the hinge of his­ high school, including nearly 2 ~ million have as their. guest the President of the tory would move when he was able to demon­ who will not even finish the eighth grade. United States. President Kennedy at­ strate that his system could outproduce I ask you to mark these figures well, for tended the dedication of Chicago's ours. The hinge of history wlll move if we youth unemployment poses one of the most are not able to find jobs for our people, not expensive and explosive social and economic O'Hare International Airport and later only during recessions, but also during pe­ problems now facing this country and this addressed a civic luncheon. His remarks riods of prosperity; and there are three rea­ city. In the last decade, for example, arrests were an excellent discussion of the major sons why I regard this as the number one of youth increased 86 percent. What will domestic problems we face in the 1960's, problem we are going to face in this country the figure be for the next decade when the and they deserve the study of every in the coming years, and it is serious enough net increase of potential young workers in American. I ask unanimous consent to warrant a careful examination by all of us the labor force rises to 15 times as fast as it that President Kennedy's remarks be to realize that it cannot be reduced by plati­ did in the 1950's? tudes and hopes, and the effect of this prob­ Finally, underlying all of these trends is printed in the RECORD. lem is being felt and wm be felt here in the third phenomenon, both cursed and There being no ·objection, the address Chicago, Ill., and across the country. There praised; and that is technological advance, was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, ai:e three reasons for lt: First is the labor known loosely by the name of automation. as follows: released by the revolution in farm tech­ During the last 6 years, the Nation increased nology. Agriculture has been this Nation's its manufacturing output by nearly 20 per­ REMARKS OF THE PRESIDENT AT A CIVIC LUNCH­ largest employer, engaging more people cent, but it did so with 800,000 fewer pro­ EON, CONRAD HILTON HOTEL, CHICAGO, ILL. than steel, automobiles, and public utilities, duction workers, and the gain in white-collar Mr. Mayor, your eminence, Rabbi Mann, and the transportation industries combined. jobs did not offset this loss. Since the Sec­ Bishop Burrill, Senator Douglas, Mr. Logelin, But now 1 farmer can produce the food ond World War, the real output of the private Mr. Lee, distinguished guests, Mr. Smith, and fiber needed for 25 Americans; compared economy has risen 67 percent, with only a 3 ladles and gentlemen, I am glad to be in to only seven at the turn of the century. percent rise in man-hours. Chicago because I am struck every time I New fertilizers, insecticides, research and all ·I do not wish to be misunderstood. In­ come by the strong public spirit which runs the rest have made this one of the great creasing productivity and advancing tech­ through this city in the determination to productive miracles of all time, has been one nological skills are essential to our ability to make Chicago second to none, and every­ of the great stories for the United States compete and to progress. But we also have thing about Chicago to be the best, that around the world in contrast to the failure an obligation to find the nearly 2 million men and women working together can pro­ of our adversaries, but it is a fact that since jobs 'Which are displaced by these advances. vide. And also by the happy spirit of com­ 1947 our farms have increased their output This city is no stranger to any of these munity effort which joins business, labor, 30 percent, at the very time that the man­ problems. You have seen your railroads lay­ the civic groups, and all the rest, in selling hours worked on those farms were cut in ing off machinists and boilermarkers, as the Chicago to the people of Chicago, to the hclf. Farm employment during that period proportion of diesel locomotives rose from country, and the world. declined by 3 million, an average of less than 15 percent of all locomotives in As Mr. Smith said, "All these things do not 200,000 a year; comparable to the population 1947 to 97 percent today. You have seen rust happen; they are made to happen." And of the city_of Akron, Ohio, being thrown out your downstate coal mines laying off workers the reason they are made to happen, I think, of work every 12 months. In the last 2 years as new machinery _makes it possible for 46 5160 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE March 28 men~ dig the coal that 100 men dug in 1947. been enac~ed •.w-orld war m!lterlal prices are in California's. Sixth .Co~gressional Dis- And you have seen your steel mills emploJ stable, and the number of idle men · and trict. . . 79 men to -produce the steel products which machines· .ca.~ -clearly a~sorb thls expai::uli?ll:: The follow.ini?; tabulation of the replies required 100 men oilly 10 fears ago. -chi­ 'But tax reduction alone 18 not enough jf we cago, I might add parenthetically, also proves are to attack unemployment ih those ·area.S may ~terest my colleagues: the exceptio~ to this pattern since it now and among those· workers where the need is I. 'TAX REDU'C'l'ION AND THE NATIONAL DEBT takes 10 me~ to manage the CUbs instead -greatest. With an estimated budget deficit of $8.8 of 1. Tax reduction alone will not employ the billion, the President has recommended tax This is not a blue-collar problem alone. unskilled or bring business to a distressed reduction and reform programs estimated to omce and .clerical workers are increasingly area, and tax reduction alone is not, there­ create a budget· deficit of $11.9 billion next being displaced by automatic computers and fore, the only program We must put forward. year. These measures are intended to stim­ processes. The Farm Home Administration To mention but a few, we urgently need to ulate the economy to produce greater reve­ of the U.S. Government processes 35 per­ improve our schools and colleges, to reduce nues in future years-. Some of the most cent more loans per employee than it did the number of dropouts, to reduce the ·num­ important questions to be decided follow. only 2 years ago. ber of unskilled workers, to keep young Do you want to: · This administration intends to press ahead people out of the labor market· until they with Government economy, but we also have are ready for the jobs which automation Percent to :ft.nd in the private economy jobs for these creates, instead of those it is sure to replace. people· who are willing. We urgently need a youth employment op­ portunities program to give young people No · A11 these trends you have seen in this Yes No opin· city and .State, workers displaced by automa­ training and job experience instead of hang­ ion tion, scbool dropouts roaming the streets, ing around the streets, out of work, and out --- - men looking for work who have left the of hope. We need to step up our efforts for aid to distressed areas, for the retraining of A. Maintain existing tax rates and farm, the mine, the factory, the railroad, or expenditure patterns?_------19 66 15 the distressed area. You have your share of the unemployed, particularly in those areas B. Maintain existing expenditure jobless Negroes and women and older work­ where it bas been chronic, for more security patterns bnt enact tax re- ~or our aged, for improving our housing and duction and reform meas- ers and all the rest, even· though under ures including- 'Mayor Daley's hard-driving leadership thls our transportation industries, and for end­ 1. Reduction ofindivfdualin- city is creating new jobs faster than almost ing race discrimination in education and come tax rates from the any city in the country. The same is true employm.ent, which helps increase, of cour8e, present 20 to 91-percent on a larger .scare of the Nation as a whole. the chronic unemployment of minority range to 14 to 65 percent, groups. decreasing revenues by Our civllian labor force grew by nearly 12 $11,000,000,000? ------55 33 12 million durilig the last 15 years. .But the These are all controversial measures. 2. Limiting itemized deduc- number of jobs grew by only 10 million: In There may possibly be others that ar·e needed tions, inclqding chari- or others that are better, but at least it is a table contributions, to the last 5 years we saw an annual increase those in excess of 5 per

IV. :n:DWL AID '1'0 EDUCATION Corps projects, volunteer health services, re~ been SUcCessful in. thnes past of world con­ Do you favor Federal aid t<>- llgious missions, and in other' ways. This fttct, having had "time to tool up before en­ effort-beyond compare in the· history of termg World War I or reaching full strength mankind-requires the utmost 'in· resource­ in World War n. But ln Korea there was fulness, 'endurance, and imagination from no time. -Our ability tO put 600 ships to Americans. sea qUickly was a decisive element in our No This Government's efforts on behalf of strength. Those shiPs liad to "be there on Yes No opin­ ion · freedom involve many high-priority indus­ the spot which they were needed. And now trial, construction and research efforts. One the need for speed is with us even more. of these I would like to mention by way of Our Navy must be ever ready, and it is our A. Collegetion?_ and______postgraduate : ______educa- 51 introduction to the problems of public pol­ naval shipyards that guarantee our readi­ B. Gradeandhigh school education: icy confronting the naval shipyards. The ness. The yards and their loyal and devoted 1. For general operations in- greatest project of its kind ever undertaken workers stand today among the sentinels cludlng teachers' salariesT _ 31 60 in the United States is the construction of of our ·uberty. 2. For classrooms and equip- missile and rocket launch facllltles. The The naval shipyards are basic to our ment only!?------32 53 15 preparation of sites for Atlas, TI.tan and Min­ strength for other reasons. They are sub­ uteman missiles involves 100,000 square miles ject to unified command with the fteets they of land. More than 400,000 people are ac­ serve. They maintain facilities and capa­ Our Naval Shipyards in Time of tively engaged in this gigantic effort, which b111ties which, while they might not be will cost more than $700 million in this fiscal economical in a profit-type organization, Challenge year alone. At the same time, the National permit the Navy to take on any job with Aeronautics and Space Administration is adequate reserves. Naval shipyards carry EXTENSION OF REMARKS building huge static test facilltles, ancl the an extensive inventory of .spare parts and shipboard equipment. You, experienced O'J' enormous launch complex at Cape Canaveral. as Testing and launching of the Saturn, Nova shipyarders, are well aware of the impor­ HON. EDMUND S. MUSKIE and Apollo rocket systems will be accom­ tance of our readiness to our Navy. plished on faclllties for which Congress ap­ A second element that makes the ship­ OP MAlNll: propriated some •500 million in the current yards so important from the standpoint of IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES fiscal year. These projects are urgent. They national security, is their status as home Thursday, March 28, 1963 are important to our national security. De­ ports for ships in the fleet. Naval bases lay cannot be tolerated. The cooperation of provide ship's personnel opportunities for Mr. MUSKIE. Mr. President. my dis­ inclustry, Government and most particularly tralnlng, recreation, medical and dental tinguished colleague, the junior Sen­ labor has been essential. care an~ other needed services. Above all, ator from New Hampshire and I both Two years ago, the Senate Permanent In­ they give the men an opportunity to have represent the Portsmouth Naval Ship­ vestigations Subcommittee, of which I have a home life. The morale of our sailors is yard, one of the most outstanding naval since become a member, disclosed startllng greatly heightened by the knowledge that facts about strikes and work stoppages on they can keep their families near home facilities in the: United States. The the national missile sites. Senator McCLEL­ ports. No one will argue with the right of skilled craftsmanship of Portsmouth LAN, chairman of the subcommittee, called these men who are serving our Nation, to shipbuilders has been a joint Maine-New some of the practices which were uncovered have a home. It is a right we must recog­ Hampshire tradition since Revolutionary both reprehensible and astounding. The nize and preserve. times. The Polaris missile bearing sub­ confiicts between labor and management, ag­ Still a third important contribution made marines Abraham Lincoln, John Adams, gravated by jurisdictional disputes, seriously by the naval shipyards arises from their close and Nathaniel Greene either have been crippled the all-important aerospace efforts connection with the na-v.al laboratories oper­ o{ the Defense Department and the space ated by the Bureau of Ships. As I study the or are being constucted at the Ports­ agency. What was needed most urgently in achievements of today's Navy, I am amazed mouthyard. this troubled situation? It was a spirit of by their complexity. For instance, I learned Because of the role of the naval ship­ cooperation and the active interest of all that aboard a Polaris submarine there are yard in safeguarding our Nation's se­ partles in achieving the No. 1 objective--the upwards of 50 computers, of some 20 di1fer­ curity, I am pleased to call your atten­ security of the United States of America. ent types. The development of High Point tion to the junior Senator from New - In May of 1961, President Kennedy created and other water-skimming hydrofoils of im­ Hampshire's remarks before the East the Missile Sites Labor Commission. Under mense speeds indicates the shape our Navy Coast District Metal Trades Council on the effective guidance of the Department of may take in the years ahead. I have come Labor, and with the splendid cooperation of to realize the importance of uniting ship re­ March 11, 1963. George Meany ancl Walter Reuther, the num­ pair and construction with advanced re­ I ask unanimous consent that Senator ber of days lost due to strikes on missile sites search under common management. MciNTYRE's speech be printed in the began a steady decline. The 1960 figure was There is yet another way, perhaps some­ RECORD. 1 day lost out of 96. In 1961 the loss was 1 what more intangible, in which shipyards There being no objection, the address day out of 1,100. And by 1962, only 1 day contribute significantly to our national safe­ was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, was lost out of 2,200. The sense of responsi­ ty. As a representative of the State of New as follows: blllty and discipline which we associate with Hampshire, I am indeed proud of the long national security, combined with the out­ and distinguished history of the Portsmouth 0UB NAVAL SHIPYARDS IN TniiES 0'1' CHALLENGE standing record of cooperation among all Shipyard which was authorized by Congress (An address by u.s. Senator ToM MciNTYRE, parties, led to gratifying results. It is pre­ in an appropriation act of 1799. The first of New Hampshire, to the East Coast Dis­ cisely this combination of responsiblllty to warship to fly the flag of the United States­ trict Metal Trades .Council, Washington, ()ur national security objectives and sound the Ranger commanded by John Paul Jones­ D.C., March 11, 1963) labor-management relations that is so im­ was built at Portsmouth. This tradition is Mr. President, distinguished guests, · and portant to our naval shipyards. It is about ever in the minds of our shipyard workers. members of the East Coast District Metal the need of national security and the prob­ The exceptional morale of the Navy yards, Trades Council, I am delighted to be with lems which may be created by labor unrest their proven ablllty to meet the needs of the you today to discuss naval shipyards and that I want to speak today. Nation again and again, and their tradition their importance in keeping America strong. While the missile and space program oc­ of excellence are factors of great importance This Nation's response to the military and cupies the headlines, it must not be for­ ln keeping existing organizations strong. A economic challenges of the Communist em­ gotten that our navy yards are vitally im­ tradition this deep and real is precious to our pire is an effort of unparalleled complexity portant for the Nation's security and would American heritage. and scope. The greatest military machine be overlooked at our peril. It is true today But it is not the shipyards alone. The in the history of the world is poised in con­ as it has been clown through history that tremendous force that keeps the yards strong stant readiness to meet any test at any time. there can be no substitute for seapower. is the workers. Government workers, of We have designed an electronic web to scan But in this nuclear age the seas have course, are denied the right to strike. In a the earth from outer space and to penetrate changed. No longer are they a barrier be­ way this prohibition increases the reliability under the sea. We are this moment de­ hind which we can feel safe from the intru­ of the shipyards. But I would like to discuss signing weapon systems to counter military sion of foreign aggressors. The seas have the positive side of Government's employee­ threats whose nature cannot yet be predicted become highways which knit the world to­ management relations. The employee who is with certainty. gether, and it is therefore essential that we denied the right to strike, I believe, certainly Across the face of the world our technical protect our national interests everywhere has a right to have just as· great a voice in and aid missions .are .challenging the fo.rces on the waters, from Antarctica to the North discussing working conditions as he would of superstition and neglect, trying at the Pacific. have otherwise. He ought not to be penalized same time to outrace glib Communist prom­ Our need for the Navy, our dependence, because he is using his craft to help build ises of quick lnclustr.lallzatlon and easy upon it, ls clear. The pr:esslng question is the instruments of our security. progress. .More than a million Americans are bow best we can maintain lt at full For years t~e chaotic procedures governing serving overseas on military duty, Peace ·strength and combat readiness. We have employee-management relations have been 5162 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· ·SENATE, March 28 the Achilles heel of the Federal service,·deny­ are subject to delays arising. from. labor­ vision could have led to a reduction of; 5,000 ing to the people the efllciency and improve­ management difllculties. workers in the naval yards, as well as weaken­ ment they have every right to expect. The The agreements under which the ship­ ing the management ability of the Secretary voice of the Government worker must be building and repair unions are now operat­ of the Navy. On April 18, Chairman VINSON heard, and it must be heeded to the greatest ing were concluded in 1960. The 3-year offered an amendment to strike out the 65 to possible degree. agreements expire this year, and we have yet 35 provision. This amendment was defeated President Kennedy in June of 1961 in­ to see whether harmful and dangerous in­ in the House by a standing vote of 130 to 64. structed the Secretary of Labor to head a terruptions to naval construction and repair In the Senate, where the bill was reported task force to work out new arrangements will occur. But let us take a look at a few June 8, the committee took the teeth out for employee relations in the Federal serv­ examples of what has happened during the of the 35-percent requirement by permitting ice. The President's Executive order of Jan­ life of the present agreements. the President to disregard the requirement uary 17, 1962 recognized for the first time In 1960 strikes at one leading east coast if he determined it "to be inconsistent with the Federal employee's right to seek exclu­ commercial yard tied up work on 10 Navy the public interest, based on urgency • • • sive recognition through a unit to represent ships. capability and economy." In con!erence be­ him in actual negotiations. This right to In 1961 12 strikes involving 6,900 workers tween the House and Senate, the Secretary negotiate, is now extended where a unit resulted in 124,000 idle man-days in the ship­ of Defense was authorized to ignore the 35- achieves majority recognition. An organiza­ building and repair industry. percent requirement if it imposed delays or tion receiving 30-percent recognition is en­ In 1962 a strike in an eastern shipyard additional expense. It was by this narrow titled to be consulted on matters of interest delayed the Polaris program for 10 days, margin, .then,· that the attack on the naval to employees. The public interest in this despite the urgent priorities of putting: nu­ shipyards was in part defeated. But this at­ field of improving employee-management clear submarines to sea. tack has ·not subsided. Those who would relations is strong. The need is acute, I am This is not to criticize the labor record damage the whole -structure of our naval · gratified that we have begun to meet the of our commercial yards, which in many shipyards are still at'work. . need. respects has been excellent. But the danger One of the least publicized but more obvi­ The Federal employee has not· won the of work stoppage is one · the Secretary of ous reasons for the campaign of the private right to strike or the right to seek wage in­ the Navy must have the authority to weigh shipyards has been the decline in commer­ creases, other than by congressional action. in assigning urg'ent·modernization work: It · cial shipbuilding and repair. Private . yard · But negotiations may now take place in such is shocking to realize, in this year of con­ employment on Navy work has increased areas as working conditions, promotion tract expiration that efforts are underway from 26,000 in 1957 to more than 50,000 to­ standards, grievance procedures, transfers to tie his hands, to deny the Navy the flexi­ day, while overall employment in those yards and demotions. bility and discretion it must have in dealing decreased from 127,000 to 117,000 over the Let us not forget that the Executive order with the uncertainties of schedules in com­ same period. It is the decline in commercial is stlll very new and much remains to be mercial yards. work, and not any weakness in the Navy's worked out. For example, it may take some In fact, if the Navy did not have the program, that has provoked the attack on the time to work out guidelines for unit recogni­ ab111ty to allocate its work after a day-to­ naval shipyards. This is important to re­ tion. It would not be realistic, for instance, day assessment of the labor situation, the member in our flght to keep the naval ship­ to insist that no unit smaller than an en­ strike threat in the commercial shipyards yards operating at full force. tire installation could be recognized. I think could well increase. As it is now, labor, There was a time when 90 percent of our the last few months have witnessed more management, and the Government have an American exports and imports were carried and more flexibility on the part of the De­ equal interest in steady working conditions in American merchantmen. But our early fense Department and other Federal agen­ and the speedy settlement of difficulties in failure to build steel ships, inept Government cies in encouraging the recognition of small­ commercial yards. This balance should not management of the commercial fleet after er groups within installations. be upset by hasty action dictated by short­ World War I, and an off-and-on mall sub­ Of course, the first decision has yet to term self-interest. sidy weakened the commercial fleet. By 1938, come down from an arbitrator at the top It is the natural and legitimate aim of the 90 percent of our fleet was thought · to be level of appeal . in the Labor Depart~ent. commercial yards to seek business. But· 'obsolete. Once we have a series of decisions,· discus­ where the national security is involved, and · The 1936 Shipping Act regulations for sub­ sions on this point can be renewed if nee- the good name of our naval shipyards is in­ sidized operations are so restrictive, that few , essary. Meanwhile, like most other Mem­ volved, the public has a right to the truth. shipowners have participated. The losses of bers of Congress, I will wait with interest Naval shipyards are not unfair competition. American Export Lines on the construction to ~e what policies emerge. The Navy is not the enemy·of private busi- · of the Independence and the . Constitution · The organization of labor unions in our ness. In fact, before a decision in 1961 to did little to raiSe the confidence of Ameri­ naval shipyards stretches back to the begin­ send a definite amount of. repair. work· tO can. Qperato:rs. The construction s~bsidy has ning of the last century. You must be very private yards, the commercial shipyards did not helped the American yards as much as it proud of that tradition and the vital part not have any share in modernization and might due to Government mismanagement played by your members in meeting the repair. And, of course the private yards and restrictive regulations. The remedy for challenges of their jobs. The new voice given always have had the lion's share of initial these very real problems lies with the Marl­ your organizations by the Executive order construction. time Administration and the Shipping Act­ will, I am certain, lead to many improve­ More recently, one-quarter of repair and not in attacks on the navy yards. ments in shipyard work. And it will yet be modernization-amounting to $169 million World trade grew by 6 percent last year, another source of strength. It will serve the in the last fiscal year-has been allocated to and there are many opportunities for Ameri­ national security interest and the Govern­ the commercial yards. Thirty-seven private can ships. I am more than wllling to work ment's obligations to its employees. The firms have participated in a construction for the future of the merchant fleet, once Kennedy administration has in my estima­ and conversion program worth more than $4 the leading industry in my own State of tion taken a long step forward in the direc­ billion since the end of World War n. New Hampshire. tion of the finest type of relations with the But this has not satisfied the commercial But it is short-sighted in the extreme to Federal employee. yards. They want to cut deeper and deeper attempt to cure the ills of this industry by The most important point I could make into the share of work now being done so threatening the very foundations of the here today would be to emphasize the com­ efficiently and expertly by the naval ship­ naval shipyards whose history is interwoven bination of national security and sound yards. Two bills now before the House with the growth and security of this Nation. labor organization in our naval shipyards. Armed Services Committee would ~ive the x· shall . devote· my energies as a Member You are all aware, I am sure, that a cam­ ·private yards a whopping 76 percent of of the U.S. Senate to promoting this coun­ paign is underway to discredit the naval the Navy's conversion and repair work. try's security and honoring the inspiring shipyards. The commercial yards are eagerly These bills, introduced by Representatives traditions or its naval shipyards. seeking a greater share of naval ship-repair Wn.LIAM COLMER, of Mississippi, and ALVIN work. It is their claim that tax-financed O'KoNSKI, of Wisconsin, present a real threat navy yards are driving them out of business to the naval shipyards and the job they are by taking an. undue share of repair. work. . doing to aid in the Nation's defense. Results of Questionnaire Let's examine their claims in some detaii­ The history of last year's military appro­ particularly from the standpoint of labor, priation bill bears ample evidence of just peace, and the national security. how real is the danger to the naval ship­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS First, there can be no doubt that the yards. In April of 1962, the House Appro­ OF assets which make the naval shipyards so priations Committee reported out a bill di­ important to the Nation are largely lacking rectilig that no more than 66 percent of the HON. PETER FRELINGHUYSEN, JR. in the commercial yards. Moving a ship repair, alteration, and conversion of naval 01' NEW JER8KY from yard to yard denies it a home port, vessels be carried out at naval shipyards-­ with the related important facilities we dis­ although close to 75 percent was then being IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cussed earlier. The commercial yards are done at these Government installations. Thursday, March 28, 1963 not integrated with naval command and Chairman CARL VINsoN, a seasoned and lack the resulting readiness so vital in these astute student of our military needs, led. the Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. Mr. Speak­ troubled times. And the commercial yards floor fight against the restriction. This pro- er, because of its general interest I 1963 CONGRESSIONAL· RECORD- SENATE 5163 should like to. publish a portion of my cent were listed a8 registered Republicans, and are now serving the· Greek Arch­ newsletter W~Ch WaS releasecf today: 5 percent were Democrats, arid 82 percent diocese· of North and South America. were Independents. I plan later· to release More. than one-third of the graduates RESULTS OF QUESTIONNAIRE the responses by party breakdown. The fol­ Thousands of ·:ftfth district constituents lowing is·the tlnat total tabulation without have. received further degrees from col­ responded to· my recent poll requesting their respect to party aftlliati?n: · · · · · leges, universities and theological opinions on some of the tssues to come be­ QUESTIONNAIRE, 1983 schools. . fore Congress this year. It was · extremely The Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of gratifying that almost 18,000 people took the Do you fav_or : . . 1. Reducing .Federal ln<:9me taxes: (a) North and South America, which they trouble to· reply; Many sent letters expand­ serve, has "380 · churches in its jurisdic­ ing on the answers they had given in the Geared to reduction in Federal expenditures, form, whlch included some 17 questions. 83 percent; (b) Without a reduction in Fed­ tion, in nearly all of the countries of the The replies indicate a 17 percent response, eral expenditures, 11 percent; (c) No re­ Western Hemisphere. There are 14 since I sent the questionnaire to just over sponse (presumably against a tax cut), 6 churches of the archdiocese in my own 100,000 homes. Of those r.esponding, 63 per- percent. State of Connecticut. The zeal and the .pioneer spirit in edu­ . cation, religion, · and in patriotism, of Percent the two holy men who were the founders o£ the Greek Orthodox Seminary, and Yes No No all of those . who were associated with opinion them and who assisted them through ------~------1------the past quarter of a century have made 2. Increasing your social security taxes to ti.IlRnce hospital and nursing home costs for possible a rich contribution to the re­ · those over 65? ___ ------35 58 7 3. Federal-aid for construction of- ligious and cultural life of the people in A. Public primary and secondary school facilities?------(9 (3 8 our own State and in our own country B. Private primary and secondary school facilities?. . ------12 76 13 C. College academic facilities?------­ 42 (6 12 as well as all of the Western World. (. Federal aid for pul:illc school teachers' salaries?------22 - 72 6 5. Federal scholarships for higher education?------6li 38 7 6. Legislation providing tax credits for parents paying college tuition._------70 25 5 93 3 4 ~: ~r:::~~ ~~~~~~~~=Js~~~~~- ~~~~~-~~~~~-~~~~-~~~~~~=== ~ = 39 47 1( JEC Holds Defense Procurement 22 58 20 1g: ~~:=h:!:n:rero~~i.~~~~~s:~::: : :: : : :::: :::::: : ::: ::::: ::::::::: ::::: 36 liO 15 Hearings 42 37 21 g: 17 62 21 ~~: ~:=~ ~ ~~:blrrorc~~sS--======EXTENSION OF REMARKS t3. OJ:~~:~~~~~:~~~-~~~~~-~~~-~-~~ -~~:~~~:~-~!~.:~~~~~~:L~~~~­ 79 14 7 ~~: 1_i~b'~n~~~~~:t~r!~n~:i:~~t;.~ all member nations . _- - - · ------~---- - 85 . -~ 6 OF A. Pro-Wes tern ? ------_ ~------__------______------____ ------72 16 12 HON. THOMAS B. CURTIS B. Nonalined (neutral)T ___ ----·------___ ------34 44 22 16. Do you prefer the services provided by the Federal Government to- OF MISSOUJU . . . · Percent IN THE. HOUSE.. OF REPRESENTATIVES ~: ~~C:i::======~======~ Thursday, March 28, 1963 If your~~~~t~~-~~~ answer favors increased~~~======services, are you= = willing= ==:::: to: : pay::: ::::::== increased======Federal=== taxes=~~ Mr. cuRTIS. Mr. Speaker, this morn- to obtain them? ______------______------63 30 7 ing the Defense Procurement Sub­ 17. What iS your opinion -of tbe President's record on- A. Domestic matters: · Percent committee . of the Joint House-Senate Good. ------·--______~- ______------~--- ______18 Economic Committee began 3 days of PoorFair------·- ______------·------______------______------____ -----______3444 hearings into the -economic impact of No response ______.: ______4 military procurement and supply. These B. Foreign atl'airs: · • . hearings, scheduled for today, Friday, Good_------__ ------_------___ ------______------___ ------24 Fair---- ______--_.fi and Monday, will help move forward Poor ____------___ ------______------______------______31 the job of the Joint Economic Commit­ No response______------___ ------.--- ______·- ______4 tee of giving insight into our Nation's economy and the factors of importance to it. I believe it is important that all Connecticut Shares in Important Anniver· of the Greek Archdiocese of North and South America. · · of the Members of Congress know of the _sary of Greek Orthodox Church of existence and purpose of this study. In 1947 the semin·a.ry was transferred The distinguished senior Senator from United Statel from Connecticut to · Brookline, Mass., Dlinois, Mr. Douci.AS, who chairs this where presently it has a student body subcommittee, recently issued a press re­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS of 80 young men, with a faculty of 20. lease on the scope of the background OF Until the founding of the seminary, papers that have been prepared for the the million and a quarter persons who hearing and the scope of the hearing HON. ABNER W. SIBAL comprise the Greek Archdiocese de­ itself. To give a better idea of the areas OF CONNECTICUT pended on .the Patriarchal Seminary of into whicb the subcommittee will be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Constantinople and on. the Theological looking, the Joint Economic Committee School of the University of Athens for press release follows: Thursday, March 28, 1963 their clergymen. - · Mr. SIDAL. Mr. Speaker, at a time The · need for American-trained CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, is JOINT ECONOMIC COMMITTEE, when there a · great stirring in the Orthodox clergymen became increasingly March 25, 1963. interest of unity among Christians ~u~. until, in 19a7, a tract of land and Senator PAUL H. DouGLAS, . Democrat, o! throughout the world, I believ.e that it buildings were acquired in Poinfret, un­ Illinois, chairman of the Subcommittee on is appropriate for this House to take der the leadership of the the:p. . Arch~ Defense Procurement of the Joint Economtc notice of an anniversacy wnich is a sig­ bishop Athenagoras of North and .South Committee, today released a eommlttee print nificant one for an important part of America, now ecumenical patriarch of entitled "Background Materials on Economic the church of Christ. · the Greek-Eastern Orthodox Church Aspects of Military Procurement and Sup­ This year marks the· 25th anniversary ply," March 19.63. T.bls upda~ a siinilar and first recognized among· all equals of publication ·Of the subcommittee .that came of the founding of the Seminary of the the rank· at Istanbul, Turkey. The 11rst out in·February 1960• ." . - · · Greek Orthodox Church of the. United dean appointed was another Atben~ _These materials have been prepS¥.ed for States: . I am proud to say that my own agoras, tlie late Atnenagoras Cavv~das, the subco.mriU.ttee hearings which were. an­ state of Connecticut shares in this an­ bishop_ of .. Boston and late.r ..archbishop nounced March 21 and are scheduled for niv.ersary in an· important way; beca.use of England and central Europe. March 28, 29, and April 1, 1963. . · it was in Pomfret, Conn., that the semi­ In its 25 years of service to God, the Among the tnaterlals are: nary was established. This is the well­ seminary has graduated 264 students, MAGNITUDE OF OPERATIONS spring. from which have come the Amer­ of whom 225 ·have been ordained as Milita:ry real -a;nd 'personal property hold­ ican-trained ·clergy to serve the ·faithful priests .of the ·Greek Orthodox Church~ ings h ave increased from· $155 billlon at the 5164 CONGRESSIONAL· RECORD- SENATE March 28 end of fiscai. year 1960 to $165 billion at the Coach ·Pinholster, long recognized as tive, and, ·under· leave to extend my re­ end of fiscal 1962, an increase of $10 billion. one of the finest young coaches in the marks, I include Chairman CooLEY's re­ Personal property holdings have increased abm.·"'.; $7 billion in that time, to $128 United States· and author of three marks delivered on that occasion: billion. best-selling books on basketball, was. se­ REMARKS 01' HoN. HAROLD D. COOLEY, OF Expenditures for Department of Defense lected as head coach of the Small College NORTH CAROLINA, CHAIRMAN, CoMMITTEE mmtary !unctions were 8.7 percent of the All-Stars for the Pan-American Games• ON AGRICULTURE, U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENT­ gross national product at the end of fiscal playoffs next week in Kansas City. He ATIVES, BEFORE THE CONVENTION OF THE 1962 compared to 8.5 percent the year prior. was chosen over more than 700 other AMERICAN TEXTILE MANUFACTURERS INSTI· From June 30, 1959 to June 30, 1962, the coaches in the NCAA and over more TUTE, HOLLYWOOD, FLA., MARCH 22, 1963 number of civilian personnel had decreased than 700 in the NAIA. COTTON INDUSTRY IN LIFE AND DEATH STRUGGLE by 3,127, but with a payroll increase of $523 Coach Pinholster, who also serves as Mr. President, ladies and gentlemen, I million. acknowledge with great gratitude the kind The Department of Defense supply sys­ athletic director of Oglethorpe, has been named "Coach of the Year" in Georgia and. gracious remarks of my friend Charlie tems had unissued stores inventories cost­ Cannon. He has presented me to this great ing $41 billion at the end of fiscal 1962. four times during his 7-year college audience in fine fashion and in compli­ Eleven billion dollars (27 percent) of this career. His teams have been to two mentary terms. Mr. Cannon has been re­ was in the mobilization reserves. national tournaments and have won five ferred to as "Cotton Cannon." In my opin­ The net value of military procurements other regional or conference champion­ ion . he is worth his weight in gold to the during fiscal 1962 was $27.8 billion-up $3.5 ships. cotton industry of America. In the cotton billion from the previous year. At the same time, Oglethorpe Univer­ industry he has always stood like the Rock One State (California) had 23.9 percent of sity players have maintained an excellent of Gibraltar, and has been a beacon light. procurement actions and 27 States had less scholastic record, averaging in the I am delighted to }?e here with many close than 1 percent each. personal friends, and to have the privilege The 100 largest prime contractors had eighties as a team. This is a remarkable of meeting so many nice people. Bill Ruffin, 72.3 percent of the military prime contract achievement in a college noted foremost your distinguished president, whom I have a wards (fiscal 1962) . for its academic standards. known since childhood and whose friendship Negotiated procurement amounted to Coach Pinholster and Oglethorpe Uni­ I have cherished through the years, was nry 86.7 percent in fiscal 1962 compared to 86.9 versity were featured on a national tele­ kind to invite me to this convention, and to percent in the fiscal year 1961. vision program last year commemorat­ arrange for me to have a part on this pro­ Savings of 25 percent result when items ing the 75th anniversary of basketball. gram. .I am also very happy to be here with can be "broken out" from more complex Coach Pinholster and Oglethorpe's my friends Bob Stevens, Gordon McCabe, Bob equipment and bought competitively. "Stormy Petrels" have earned their Jackson, Charlie Myers, Rea Blake, Bob There are $13 billion of excess and long Coker, and others, all of whom are devoted stocks in military inventories. places in the sun. to the institutions of freedom. They are The total surplus property disposals They have proved that victory need courageous men of vision-they are not cry dropped from $6.791 billion in fiscal 1961 to not come at the expense of high educa­ babies. When Charlie Cannon, Bob Stevens, $4.061 billion in fiscal 1962. The percent of tional standards. Charlie Myers admit that they are in trouble, total gross proceeds to acquisition cost was it is time for all of us to take notice. 3.87. Yesterday I heard with great .Interest the speeches delivered by Bill Ruffin, and our REPORTS TO CONGRESs--GENERAL ACCOUNTING great Secretary of the Treasury, Douglas OFFICE (GAO) CottoD IDdustry iD Life-and~Death Dillon. With their permission, I shall in­ An index and digest of 207 GAO reports to Straggle sert in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, to per­ Congress on the militiary procurement, sup­ petuate for posterity, the wisdom of their ply and related subjects. remarkS. I shall also insert in the CoNGRES­ A report by the GAO on "Uneconomical EXTENSION OF REMARKS SIONAL RECORD Bob Stevens' acknowledgment Procurement of Certain Aircraft Engine 01' which emphasizes the fact that "Rome is Bearings by the Navy." burning." OTHER REPORTS HON. E. C. GATHINGS ·I am grateful to all of you for the warmth OF ARKANSAS and cordiality of the welcome accorded us A progress report on organization, accom­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and the hospit8Jity and many courtesies ex­ plishments, and programs of the Defense tended. to us duting our sojourn here. 1 am Supply Agency. Thursday, March 28, 1963 very happy to have the privilege of discu8s­ A statement by Secretary McNamara on ing with you some of the problems in which the Department of Defense's 5-year cost re­ Mr. GATHINGS. Mr. Speaker, one of all of us have a community of interest. duction program. the most perplexing problems confront­ Two case studies (one from GAO) dealing ing our economy today is a solution of BIG BUSINESS with the mobilization reserves. the cotton problem. The House Com­ Agriculture is the biggest business iu Legal background and agreements affect­ mittee on Agriculture has been working America in dollar value involved and peo~ ing the General services Administration and on cotton legislation and our Subcom­ pie employed, and the cotton industry is the the Department of Defense relationships. biggest part of American agriculture. Per­ mittee on Cotton started hearings back haps more than 10 million persons--almost in December of last year, to bring out one-sixth of the Nation's labor force--is legislation that would have applie_d to engaged in the production of cotton, in gin­ this crop year. Our efforts to make the ning, marketing, transporting, milling, and Oglethorpe University -Basketball Team legislation effective in 1963 have not been in the manufacture and merchandising of Places Third iD the NatioD successful up to this time; the di:tnculties cotton goods. . facing the cotton industry have not been Cotton is competing with synthetic fibers. I do not like synthetics in cotton anymore EXTENSION OF REMARKS resolved. than I do synthetics in tobacco. I do not OF Recently, on March 22, the distin­ want synthetic socks, shirts or shorts guished chairman of our House Com­ and I certainly do not want synthetic HON. CHARLES L. WELTNER mittee on Agriculture, Representative sheets, towels, or p1llow cases. Neither do I OF GEORGIA HAROLD D. COOLEY, was the principal want alfalfa to take the place of tobacco. Personally, I do not like filter-tip cigarettes. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES speaker before the annual convention of the American Textile Manufacturers In­ I agree with Edward R. Murrow-a chain Thursday, March 28, 1963 smoker-when he said that to smoke a filter stitute, and the address he presented to cigarette was like kissing a beautiful girl Mr. WELTNER. Mr. Speaker, my that grouP of mill owners and operators through a nylon veil. alma mater, Oglethorpe. University, near and textile manufacturers outlines the Cotton maintained the financial integrity Atlanta, Ga., has recently appeared in scope of our studies and the differences of the United States before the worcld for some favorable headlines. Its basket­ still existing before we can hope to bring perhaps a century or more prior to World ball team, under the expert direction of legislation to the floor. Mr. CooLEY out­ War I. The white fleece from southern fields lined the history of the problem, ex­ up into this century accounted for approx­ Coach Garland Pinholster, ftnished third imately one-third of all U.S. exports, of crops in the Nation in the NCAA small col­ plained the ·position of the collliJlittee. and industrial products combtn·ed. lege division. Ogletho~ University, and concludes with his own personal sug­ Cotton still comprises about 20 percent of with just 400 students, was the smallest gestions for a solution. all our agricultural exportS and 5 percent of of all small colleges competing for the I believe that Members will find the the total shipments abroad from agriculture national championship. entire speech enlightening and informa- and industry. 1963 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-. SENATE 5165 No one crop has had such an intimate re­ 1956 through 1960 the rise in foreign· cotton favor various blends, mixtures, and lationship to th~ well-being and, inde~d. the acr.eage a,nd foreign rayon production were adulterationS:? culture. of so many Americans. practically halted. Our exports during the Let me admonish you that you-the tex­ Cotton reiates directly, through exports, to last 7 year!3 have averaged to about 6 million. tile industry of this country-may _rue the the fiow of dollars back to the United States, bales annually. day if ever the American consumer gets amounting in years past to around $1 billion We are now faced with the identical situa­ the idea that· she must look for· a foreign a year--dollars returning to the United tion in our domestic markets that we con­ trademark, from Europe or from Asia, to be States to balance against the huge sums we fronted in our export markets. assur~d of getting a sheet, a towel, a piece provide in foreign aid and in payment for Between December 1960 and December of fabric, or a shirt, made of pure, unblended, imports of goods from abroad. 1962 cotton has su1!ered a total competitive unmixed and unadulterated cotton. Thus it is plain to see: Government policy loss of 1,150,000 bales. Over this period con­ I submit that this is something for you relating to cotton goes far beyond the im­ sumption of rayon in cotton-type spinning to think upon. mediate interests of the cotton farmer-it mills rose 63 percent. Consumption of A NEW START goes far, far beyond the immediate interests dacron and similar-type fibers rose 118 per­ of you cotton manufacturers. cent. For the past 14 months, cotton's share The cotton industry-all of us--farmer of the fiber consumed on the cotton spin­ and the miller-must make a new start. We THE CRISIS ning system has declined every single month. must commence from where we are and from Gentlemen, I have opened these remarks Rayon's price advantage to the textile m1ll where we stand. in a way intended to impress upon you the over cotton was about 6 cents a pound in I want a cotton program to accomplish importance of cotton-in terms of the Na­ early 1960. Cotton's superior quality over­ these things: tion's economy, in terms of our Nation's bal­ came this disadvantage. In its competitive 1. Fair and stable· income for the cotton ance of payments and financial strength in fight with rayon, cotton was making gains. farmer; the world, and in terms of the well-being In the first half of 1960, the rayon industry 2. Protection of the livelihood of the mil­ of mlllions of our citizens. cut the price of rayon staple fiber 4 cents lions of workers associated with cotton; We are here in a serious purpose, a very per pound. On the other hand the price 3. A healthy cotton trade and merchan­ serious and critical purpose. support for U.S. cotton was raised in Feb­ dising system; Cotton is now in a life or death struggle. ruary 1961. This resulted in a 3V:z-cent rise 4. An efficient and prosperous cotton tex­ Cotton is assailed, and is losing ground, on in prices from January to October of that tile industry, and two fronts: year. Rayon's net mlll cost advantage over 5. A fair share of the world cotton market. 1. A fiood of cheap textiles is 1lowing in cotton rose to about 14 cents per pound. I fully understand these objectives can from abroad, displacing the gOods produced Cotton textile imports have increased only be accomplished by a return to a one­ by our own workers and demoralizing the sharply. In 1962, they reached a record price system for cotton. I know that other­ domestic markets for our textile industry. 650,000 equivalent bales of cotton compared wise cotton's markets will deteriorate un­ 2. Synthetic fibers make devastating in­ with 100,000 bales in 1954. Imports of cot­ less we move· in· this direction and· I know roads into markets where cotton never be­ ton textile products over the past 4 years a competitive position for the cotton fiber fore has been seriously challenged. have had an average annual increase of will expand markets and put cotton back Generally, these losing battles for cotton 100,000 bales. where it should be. Now, I have said all are explained, though oversimplified, by The deteriorating cotton situation is along that it is useless for me to consider blaming the imports upon the two-price sharply increasing Government costs. Two this matter further until the textile indus­ system-one price for our own mills and a years ago, CCC's investment was about $300 try, the producers and the administration lesser ·price for competing m1lls abroad; and m111ion. Today it has increased to over can get together. by a high price for cotton here at home, in $1 V:z billion. I realize that the textile industry has relationship to the lower competing price of It is plain to all of us that American cot­ taken a firm position for an immediate re­ rayon. ton is rapidly losing markets-both at home turn to one price for cotton. AB you well We have been aware of this approaching and abroad. Domestic consumption and ex­ know, this was also my position and was struggle for a number of years. Some of us ports during the current season are esti­ embodied in my blll, H.R. 2000. However, in and out of Congress have tried to do mated at the lowest level since the 1958-59 as we all know, subsequent ·developments something to forestall and avoid the crisis season. This wlll be the third straight year have made it impossible to secure enact­ that is now upon us. But our efforts have of decline. ment of this legislation. In recent weeks been subjected to pressures, strains, and The Department of Agriculture currently I have spent a great deal of time conferring warps. is forecasting a carryover of around 10 mil­ with the President, the Secretary of Agricul­ THE DESTINY OF CO'riON lion bales on August 1, 1964, up about 2~ ture and his associates in the Department, I shall not need to dwell at any length mlllion bales from last year. leaders of cotton producer groups and other upon the :fix we are ln. You people are pain­ AN ADMONITION branches of the industry, in an effort to find fully aware of this. So are the people who This is the sad and sorry situation as of a practicable approach that would get the produce the cotton that you spin. now. job done and upon which general agree­ A quarter of a century ago, U.S. cotton was The responsibllity lies in many directions ment might be reached. At this time I the dominant factor in the world fiber and rests upon many people. The House would like to suggest for your consideration market. This is no longer true. U.S. cotton Committee on Agriculture and I, personally and the consideration of all others involved faces competition from foreign-grown cotton have worked long and hard to avoid the what seems to me to be the best solution to and a host of man-made fibers. crisis now at hand. We may not have done this problem. Here are my speCific Thirty years ago, if we exclude wool, silk, always the right thing at the right time. proposals: and linen, which do not directly compete But we have worked against very great odds, (1) Effective upon the enactment of leg­ with cotton on a price basis, cotton enjoyed being ever handicapped by the lack of unity islation and until August 1, 1964, the Secre­ about 93 percent of the total fiber market, among farm organizations, among farmers tary of Agriculture be authorized to make with rayon and acetate accounting for the themselves, and in the textile industry gen­ payments in kind that would move as far remainder. In 1961, the latest year for which erally, as to the direction we should pursue. as possible toward a one-price system for comparable information is available, cotton All of us no doubt must bear some of the cotton within the budgetary limitations al­ had only 66.5 pel'cent. In other words, cot­ blame. I suggest that you in the manufac­ ready prescribed. In order to prevent mar­ ton holds only two-thirds of the market in turing end of the cotton examine what you ket disruption, this payment would also be which it competes directly. might have done, or now can do, differently. made on raw c9tton in consuming establish­ In the last 12 years, cotton has dropped Right here I want to speak to you frankly. ments on date of enactment. from 30 pounds consumed annually by each I am deeply disturbed by your headlong (2) Beginning August 1, 1964, and there­ individual in the United States to 22 pounds. rush into the use of synthetic fibers. after U.S. cotton would be made available to Man-made fibers today account for over one­ I believe you are playing with a time American mills at the same price as it is third of this market. bomb. You may get hurt. You may get made available to foreign mills under ex­ Seven years ago we were faced with the hurt badly. isting law. virtual loss of our export markets. U.S. cot­ Is it not significant to you that the great­ (3) Beginning with the 1964 crop the na­ ton stocks on August 1, 1956, were at. the est increase in competitive imports of cot­ tional marketing quota would be not less record level of 14¥2 mlllion bales. Our ex­ ton goods has occurred simultaneously with than the average off-take (domestic con­ ports were only 2~ mlllion bales in 1955. your increases in blentis of rayon with cot­ sumption and exports) for the 5 cotton­ Foreign cotton and rayon producers were tak­ ton and your presentation of these blends marketing years immediately preceding the ing over our markets by moving their prod­ and mixtures into markets where consum­ year for which the determination is being ucts into _consumption at prices lower than ers have preferred and asked only for cotton? ·made. It is only logical that our minimum ours. From 1948 to 1955, cotton acreage in Maybe you might say you are blending to ·production goal for a given year should be the free foreign world . increased . more compete pricewise wi.th cheap cotton goods related to a historical average of consump­ than 60 percent. Foreign rayon production from abroad. But is there ·not a valid ques­ tion rather than estimates of potential off­ rose 2 V:z timef?. tion as to whether foreign goods are mov­ take on a year-to-year basis. Under this We met this with our export .program in ing, or will move into and take over our provision our minimum acreage allotment 1956 that made American cotton available markets for .quality .cntton- goods, as these for 1964 would be approximately 17 mil­ for export at competitive world prices. From markets. are ab.andoned ·l)y you bere .who lion acres. 5166 CO~GRESSIQNAL RECORD- ~ENAT~ March 28 If additional consumption indicates a pro­ to Bostt)n, on the proposition that we would industry has been blocked by partisan poll­ ·duction above the minimum, this should be authoriZe the Secretary of Agriculture to tics and by the opposition of one farm or­ .equitably apportioned between· an ilicrea.Se.ln make payments-in-kind, in a way to erase ganization. However, I expect a cotton bill the national allotment and an acreage re­ and remove the two-price cotton system as will be taken to tbe House :floor for a vote. served for producers who desire to grow cot­ a burden upon our own textne industry. "I think that lf this effort to do justice ton above their in.di vidual share of the na­ When the new Congress w~ only a few to our textile industry and to cotton farmers tional allotment for the world 'market at days old, I introduced H.R. 2000., to provide is defeated, no other farm legislation w1ll world prices. payments-in-kind in such a manner as to be forthcoming at this session of the Con­ (4) Immediately upon enactment of this remove the ·aY:z-cents-a-pound advantage gress. This would be the beginning of the legislation the Commodity Credit Corpora­ to foreign inills, gained through tbe export end for farm programs." tion should be directed to make available to subsidy, and to assure our industry a fair That is the situation today. the Agricultural Research Service of the De­ competitive position. Le_t me say to this distinguished gro_up partment not less than $10 million annually Moreover, by reducing the price to our that to end farm price and production ad­ to be devoted to research designed to reduce mills to the w.orld price of cotton, I expected justment programs would bring on a terrible the cost of producing cotton. This section that cotton would be freed of the competi­ farm depression. This would be reflected of the legislation should also provide that tive disadvantages that now so strongly quickly in a downturn for the entire as unit coats of producing cotton are reduced favor the synthetic .fibers and pose such a economy. the price support woUld be lowered accord­ great ·threat to the total production and use · Certainly the collapse of the farm pro:­ ingly, thereby reducing the cost to the Gov­ of cotton in our domestic markets. gram would mean cheaper c9tton, at least ernment without impairing farmers' net But I found later to my amazement that for a while. But if you younger men in incomes. · the administration was not willing to pay textiles think that in itself is good, I sug­ I want to emphasize the extreme impor­ the BY2 cents to completely equalize the gest you consult with some of your older tance of this matter of research to reduce price situation, but would support payments­ colleagues, on what a mess they were in our production costs and also I wish to em­ in-kind only to the extent of 4 to 6 cents when cotton was 5 cents a pound. phasize the fact that we do have extremely a pound. promising opportunities to actually reduce Meanwhile, in a bill introduced by Chair­ · In these circumstances, and in all the eon­ cost of producing cotton. We have docu­ man E. C. GATHINGs of the Cotton Subcom­ fusion on cotton policy, I can leave with mittee, and by amendments offered in our you but one message, and this 1s the mes­ mented testimony before our cotton subcom­ sage: You must insist upon, and there must mittee by the Director of the Agricultural committee, we had before us a proposal Research Service of the Department, the di­ for overplanting of cotton by farmers who be, a meeting of minds. There must be rector of research for numerous State ex­ were wUling to take the world price for agreement upon policy. Whatever it takes cotton on acreag::l they tilled above their al­ to bring together the views and the posi­ periment stations ~d private industry that tions of honorable men, this must be done. cost reductions in excess of 10 cents per lotments. We had also a proposal for a far­ reaching program of research into ways and Cotton legislation must come out of this pound are feasible and can be attained in a Congress. reasonable number of years. The plain fact means of bringing down the cost of produc­ is that research offers the only permanent ing cotton, with the long-term view of re­ The consequences of failure are too dismal solution to the problem. ducing the price of cotton to place this fiber to contemplate. Unless everybody gives a little there will in a fairer competitive position with In parting, I assure you I shall be pleased be no legislation and up to this point I have synthetics. to wor~ with y~u in your own self-interest, not seen any sign of anybody giving, but if Confronting a stalemate, I had prepared and in the interest of our farmers, and in this is not done our markets will deteriorate. by the committee staff and was ready to in­ the interest of the mlllions of other people As you no doubt are ~ware, the House troduce a bill, containing the overplant and who are bound to cotton for their well-being, committee is divided sharply along politi­ research provisions, but giving the Secre­ and for the health of our economy and for cal lines, and unless Democrats on the com­ tary of Agriculture discretion in determin,_ the power of our country. I wish you mittee are in virtually unanimous agree­ ing the level of the payments-in-kind­ Godspeed. ment, it is not likely that we shall have instead of insisting upon the full payments any legislation at all. · of 8% cents per pound. I very soon learned that this was unac­ CONGRESS OUB. LAST HOPE The Challenges of T.omorrow' s Industrial ceptable to the textile industry-that is, to Congress 1s our last hope, and this is our you people here. Life· situation. Not only in our Committee on Agriculture, but in the House, there is not THE SITUATION TODAY one Republican vote we can count for sure, You are a discriminating, and a brilliant EXTENSION OF REMARKS on legislation now being proposed to deal audience. In full consideration of this, I OF with our desperate problems. had hoped to bring to you more than an ex­ We have exhausted every other recourse. ercise in language. I wanted to lay before HON. THADDEUS J. DULSKI We first tried through 'the Office of Emer­ you a program for the good of all of w;--a gen-cy Planning to bring into action the program that the Congress could enact OF NEW YOBX emergency powers of the President to stem swiftly, so that we could get on with the job IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the flow of foreign textiles into this coun­ of putting cotton back where it should be. Thursday, March 28, 1963 - try. Everybody admits it is an outrage that However, all is yet confusion. foreign mills can buy our cotton at 8¥2 cents Nevertheless there are two things I have Mr. DULSKI. Mr. Speaker, on March a pound cheaper than our own mills, and said that I want to repeat here in this forum. 10, 1963, the Diocesan Labor College, then send unlimited amounts of their cheap I Implore you to listen carefully. Buffalo, N.Y., celebrated a q_uarter cen­ cotton goods into our markets. But we When I found on February 21 that the tex­ failed to get action. tile manufacturing industry would not sup­ tury of education in the field of labor­ We went before the Tariff Commission port legislation that provided anything less management relations. On this silver seeking import quotas and Import fees to than a full subsidy representing the differ­ jubilee celebration, the bishop award check this rising flow of foreign textiles. ence between the domestic price and the ceremonies were incorporated. But again we failed. world price for cotton, I issued a statement The opening remarks, made by Very We went the route of an 18-nation agree­ to the press, and I quote from that state­ Rev. Msgr. Stanley A. Kulpinski, diocesan ment, to bring within reason the shipment ment: director of the Labor College follow: of foreign textiles into our markets. But "I have decided not to introduce a new this has bean far from effective. bill until all segments of the cotton indus­ THE CHALLENGES OF ToMORROW'S INDUSTRIAL Thus rejected, we have turned again to try and the administration can reach an Lin: the Congress. agreement and indicate a willingness to sup­ . The faculty, the alumni and graduates of We 1n the Committee on Agriculture rec­ port legislation to carry the agreement into the diocesan labor schools graciously wel­ ognized the urgency of the situation, and effect." · come your presence at the silver jubilee our Cotton Subcommittee began work last That is my position today. graduation and bishop's award cerem~nies. :Call to have legislation ready .for action Im­ In a public appearance on March 9, I said A silver jubilee is a special occasion. It mediately upon the convening of the 88th this: refiects a quarter of a century of cooperation Congress in January. Meanwhile, the Ad­ "There is danger that the Nation's farm and efforts of various fields of endeavor. visory Committee on Cotton appointed. by program will collapse, setting off a severe At a moment like this, our first Impulse is Secretary of Agriculture Freeman was work­ depression in the general economy. Great to send a great prayer of gratitude to God ing to find a meeting of minds among cot­ diffi.cultles now confront the House Commit­ Almighty through St. Joseph, the patron ton producers. People in the textile in­ ·tee on Agriculture in writing iegislation to saint of the working people. It is only dustry were putting their heads together, deal with an urgency in cotton resUlting through the power of Almighty God, guiding for the same purpose. from the flood of foreign textiles moving into us, inspiring, lllumlnating our minds, pro­ Thla concerted effort was an inspiration -our markets and from the severe competi- tecting us, leading us ever on, unswervingly, full of promiae. tion of synthetic fibers for markets formerly toward proper goals, filling WI with divine I soon got the impression that everyone ·held entirely by cotton. This -effort to re­ courage and .strength and tenacity and per­ was agreed, from Houston and California move the Inequity suffered by the textile severance that we are able to stand before 1963 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 5167 you today having you share with ·us the of injustiCe and inequality from Whom no It will remind nie, too, of the great news­ joy of this jubilee. one can flee." paper I am privileged to represent-a news­ At a time like this we must also bring to paper which, in the highest traditions of our grateful recollection the persons who ini­ The following awards were then pre­ journalism, has always permitted me freely tiated this divine work. First on the list sented: to report local labor-management news as is His Excellency the late Most Reverend The Bishop's Plaque, the highest objectively as possible and which has always John A. Dutly, who gave permission and en­ honor that the Buffalo Diocesan Labor gladly given me the broadest possible free­ couraged Rt. Rev. Msgr. John P. Boland to College can bestow, was awarded Sun­ dom in commenting upon the labor-manage­ establish the labor college. Monsignor Bo­ day to three Buffalo men at the college's ment scene in my signed column. land must be given credit not only for found­ 25th anniversary dinner. ADULT COURSES PROVIDED ing this college, but also for his prophetic They are: William J. Ryan, assistant Finally, and importantly, this award will vision, where he foresaw the service and the remind me always of the Butlalo Diocesan need such a unique institution will fulfill executive director, United Fund of Buf­ falo and Erie County, for his leadership Labor College-an institution whose etlorts for the community of western New York. in behalf of order and justice ennoble our Then came a succession of bishops who per­ among labor groups in support of the community. sonally nourished the continuation of this fund; For this award then, and for the memories work; viz, His Eminence the late Cardinal Martin A. Wersing, mediator in the it will mean, I am humbly and sincerely O'Hara and of recent beloved memory, His State Mediation Board's Buffalo District grateful. Excellency Bishop Joseph A. Burke and now o:tnce, for promoting labor-management present with us His Excellency Most Rev. peace; The college provides adults educa­ Leo R. Smith. tional courses in labor-management re­ Hundreds of persons went through the J. Edmund Kelly, Jr., Buffalo Evening News labor reporter, for consistently ex­ lations, labor history, industrial ethics, portals of this school, some to learn and collective bargaining, job evaluation, and others to teach. Time does not permit us cellent and unbiased reporting. to mention by name those on the previous Special silver jubilee plaques went to public speaking. teaching statls who gave of their time and Joseph A. Beirne, Chevy Chase, Md., in­ The Most Reverend Leo R. Smith, ad­ etlorts and money, whose self-dedication was ternational president of the Communi­ ministrator, Catholic diocese of Buffalo, an inspiration to their students. We bow cations Workers of America .Leo R.· Smith in-Wa$hington. in March for her contribu­ Rath, expressed his felicitations which was introduced by Mr. HenrY J. Osinski: tions to the Outdoor Advertising Associa­ follow: and the benediction w.as given by Rev. tion's film., .. 'In More Ways Than One/' William Gtau, director, Lackawanna . In ord~ to keep residents better informed May I extend the official greetings of the on ma1!ters ~ft'ecting . their interests_, I am county of Erie a.nd my own personal greet­ Labor School, Lackawanna, N.Y. presenting a series of monthly 5-minute ings to you on the occasion of the silver . On March 9, 1963, an editorial ap­ radio and television programs featuring in­ jubilee celebration of the Diocesan Labor peared in the Buffalo Evening 'News, Buf­ terviews wit!h prominent Washington officials College. falo, N.Y., commenting on one of the in Government. Response to the first two This dinner tonight with the attendance recipients of an award. The editorial programs has been very good. Interviews here of people representing every segment follows: have been held with Secretary of Agriculture of our community testifies to the high regard MERITED AWARD Orville Freeman and former Under Secretary that all of us have for the excellent work in J. Edmund Kelly, Jr., labor reporter of of State, now Ambassador to West Germany, this very vital area of human relations which George McGhee. My April program will you have done in the 25 years since your the Buffalo Evening News, will receive one of four plaques for outstanding contributions featur~ an interview with Mr. Floyd Dominy, founding. Twenty-five years ago the labor Commissioner of the Bureau of Reclamation movement in this country was making an to labor at the silver jubilee dinner of the Buffalo Diocesan Labor College tomorrow who will discuss the present status of pro~ excellent beginning in bringing into the posed Bureau of Reclamation water projects ranks of organized labor millions of people evening. He is cited for "consistently excellent and in my district. including those in the unskilled classes. It was a privilege to help secure permis­ The aims a.nd objectives of this movement unbiased reporting in the field of labor­ management relations." He has been on the sion from the Government for district court designed as they were to bring about better labor "beat" for 12 years and his coluxnn at Mangum to use the Federal district court­ and safer working conditions, improved wage ''Ed Kelly's Comment on Labor" appears in room. For some time, the district court­ scales, and all those things which are con­ the weekend edition of the News. Coming room has been unusable and the gracious­ sonant with the inherent dignity of man as it does from the Labor College--a unique ness of the Government in allowing a State had and have the overwhelming support of institution dedicated promoting ethical court. to use the courtroom is appreciated. enlightened persons everywhere. But with to ~onduct and moral values in relationship My award for "letter of the month" goes to the increasing membership of unions, it was between management and employees--the a woman who wrote me, "About 20 years imperative that some individuals or organi­ award is extremely gratifying to the News ago you asked me if I knew ot anyone who zation should be ready to train persons in and a merited tribute to a fine reporter. might be interested in going to the U.S .. the movement to their new responsibilities Naval Academy and these many years later I and opportunities. It was this purpose that am answering you." I am always glad to the Diocesan Labor College has fulfilled so J;lelp constituents, even if it takes 20 ably and well in our own particular com­ years just to get the request. munity. Yours has been an excellent record. Report From Washington · , If I may be of service to you at any time, You have our hearty congratulations a.nd just phone, wire, or write. best wishes for an even greater future. EXTENSION OF REMARKS Cordially your friend, Thank you. 01' VIcrOR WICKERSHAM, It was my pleasw·e to pay high trib­ Member of Congress. ute to the college for its outstanding HON. VICTOR WICKERSHAM work and its contributions to the labor­ 01' OKLAHOMA management relations in the Niagara IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Byelorussian Independence Day Frontier. Thursday, March 28, 1963 I would like to include a telegram sent by President John F. Kennedy to Mon­ Mr. WICKERSHAM. Mr. Speaker, EXTENSION OF REMARKS signor Kulpinski on the occasion of the under leave to extend my remarks in 01' silver jubilee celebration. the REcoRD, I include the following news­ HON. WILLIAM J. GREEN, JR. MARcH 9, 1963. letter: OF PENNSYLVANIA Very Rev. Msgr. STANLEY A. KULPINSKI, YOUR CONGRESSMAN, VIcrOR WICKERSHAM Buffalo Diocesan Labor College, REPORTS F'Roll4 WASHINGTON , IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES MARCH 1963. Silver Jubilee Banquet, Thursday, March ZB, 1963 Lafayette Hotel, Buffalo, N.Y.: DEAR FRIEND: March was a busy legi.slati ve I am very pleased to extend congratula­ month, With the House taking action on Mr. GREEN of Pennsylvania. Mr: tions and warm best wishes to the Buffalo several important bills. I voted for the Speaker, World War I provided an op­ Diocesan Labor College on the occasion of its defense authorization bill, including ·an ex­ portunity for the suppressed nationals· 25th anniversary. I would also like to com­ tra appropriation for greater development of the manned supersonic bomber. The under czarist Russian control to strive mend you for the contribution you are mak­ for national identity. One of these eth­ ing to labor-management affairs by award­ manned bomber will play a vital part in ing such a distinguished member of the our defense structure for many years. nic groups, the Byelorussians, had never business community as Edgar Kaiser your With the new defense appropriations, our before experienced sovereignty. As a: Bishop's Plaque for industrial statesman­ country stands stronger than ever · before, part of Lithuania, they had formed a ship. Too often, attention is focused on on land, sea, and in the air. In line with powerful unit within the empire, ex­ failure in labor-management relations rath­ this, I also voted to extend the military tending their influence to such an extent er than achievement. draft another 4 years. For our internal that the Lithuanians used the Byelorus­ In honoring Edgar Kaiser, you acknowl­ security against the spread of communism I voted for an appropriation to the Hous~ sian tongue as the official language of edge the achievement of one whose industrial their court. When joined with Poland leadership benefits the entire community, Un-American Activities Committee. whose confidence in the process of col­ Federal money poured into the Sixth Dis­ to form the greater Lithuanian-Polish lective bargaining has strengthened it, and trict during March, with $144,440 going to empire, Polish supplanted Byelorussian whose vision has yielded programs for meet­ Altus for a new National Guard armory, as the official idi'om. With its domi­ ing the challenges 'Of technological change. $64,000 for Mangum's new water system, and nance diminished, the Province became To Monsignor Kulpinski, Edgar Kaiser, $10,571 to Riverside Indian School at only a .name. a.nd to all participating in the Buffalo Dio­ Anadarko tor remodeling of the fieldhouse. In its expansion westward, Russia cesan Labor College silver jubilee go my very It was a pleasure to assist cotton farmers was able to annex the territory in 1795 best wishes. gins, cottonseed oil Inills, and compresse~ and changed its name to the northwest­ JOHN F. KENNEDY. in my district by protesting any change in policy in storing Government cotton. I hope ern territory. The spirit of nationalism The program began with the advance­ that the present policy of negotiating rates was not extinguished, though, by this ment of colors by the Adam Plewac'ki will be in effect for a long time. It will apparent move to obliterate all which American Legion Post, Buffalo; the Na­ benefit the local cotton interests. _ was not Russian. In 1906 the first Byel­ tional Anthem was sung by Mr. James Although the proposed Deep Fork project orussian weekly appeared, but was im­ Wolford, business agent; and the invoca­ in central Oklahoma is not in my district I mediately suppressed. Not until the tion was given by Rev. Gerald R. Forton joined the other members of the Oklaho~a World War and the fall of the czarist associate director of the college. ' delegation in support of the project at a government did the Byelorussian people hea~ing in Oklahom~ ~:aty. When the proj­ The master of ceremonies was Mr. ect 1s completed, Oklahoma's greatest dreams achieve their hop_es and· ambitions. AI­ Edward J. Kanowski, director of public will be realities. ~ough occupied by the German troops relations, Diocesan Labor College, United A proininent resident oi the Sixth District; m 1915; nationaliSt -fervor soon reached Fund. Mrs. E. Lee Ozbirn <>t Sentihel, was honored· overwhelming proportions. Permitted 1963 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 5169 to establish their own local government,. · We regret the· necessity of this action and for increased emphasis on relocation of refu., the National Council proclaimed, ·-on solicit yourwiderstanc:Ung. - gees a-om Qaatro'a communism.to other parts . ve:y truly yours, . of the United ,States to relieve the pressure March 25, i918, an lndependent.repub,.. qn our area 'which has been -caused by the lie. · chief . Vnderiufiper, Group Health In- absorption of so many of these fine people .. With the collapse and retreat ef the -surance Department. • ' · I ·am: aware, of course, that the Depart­ German. Army~ the newly sov.ereign n~ ,.; Quarterfy $23.93. ' · ment has done a commendable job to date tion was left to the mercy of the Soviet in transferring more than 50,000 ot the refu­ forces. Proclaiming on January 1, 1919,­ ~ .The policyholder receiving this notice gees to other parts of the N.ation. It was a Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, was·64 years of age and his main source pointed out aj; our Miami hearings, you will the Red army soon occupied all the land of jncome was a $89.90 _monthly social recall, that many of the r_efugees return to Miami because of its geographic location to belonging to the stricken state. . But security check. I Cuba; because of the climate and because of Polish troops attacked and conquered: cite this case because it is typical of the desire to be close to people of their own almost half of the contested territory. the situation faced every day by a grow­ tongue and social customs. A strong under­ As in war, so was it partitioned in :peace.­ ing number. of Americans who find at a lying motive, of course, has been the compel-· In March 1921, ,Soviet Russia and Poland period in their life when they are most in ling desire by these people to do something divided what was once the independent need of medical benefits that they are actively to rid the hemisphere of Castro and republie. least able to pay for these benefits. This to free their homeland. To a large extent, Today, the Soviet Union controls the case is but another that points to the they are frustrated in this area because of entire area, having reconquered the Po­ system. The enactment of such a pro­ limitations on their activity. gram of medical assistance to the elderly It occurred to me that we might develop lish western half during World War II. an original program to put the energie~ of There is a Byelorussian Republic in ex­ financed through the social security_ these active people to work in an all-out istence, a part of the Union of Soviet So­ system. The enactment of such a pro-. psychological and intellectual "cold war" cialist Republics. It was even a charter gram would enable all Americans to pay against CaStro and communism. These peo­ member of the United Nations. Yet it is the_cost of their.futur,e medical care dur­ ple, many, many of them, could be our first a sovereign state in name only. Control ing their working years when they are line of offense in building publlc opinion best able to meet these costs. throughout the Latin American and South emanates directly from the Soviet Gov_­ American countries against Castro's current ernment in Moscow. effort to export communism to those coun..: We in the United States, whe are. the. tries and infect other nations with the long-. champions of democracy and freedom, range plan by Moscow to infiltrate and bring honor the Byelorussians who fled from Latin Peace Corps about the downfall of these nations. persecution and terror by saluting on The President,& ·outstanding Peace Corps March 25, the 45th anniversary of the program has done much to help the people EXTENSION OF REMARKS of Latin America, as it has throughout the true independence of their country, and OF world, and to let t~e people of many nations hope that the Byelorussians will once see democracy in action. more be a'ble to enjoy democratic rights HON. CLAUDE PEPPER I want to explore· with you a plan for crea-. and privileges under an independent and OF FLORIDA tion of a Latin Peace Corps under the Cuban sovereign government of their own crea­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES refugee program with the following' objec-· ticm. tives: Thursday, March 28, 1963 1. To provide a program under which Mr. PEPPER. Mr. Speaker, as you Cuban refugees could volunteer for assign­ ment to Latin American nations to tell the Medicare for the Aged , know, my distinguished colleague, Rep­ story as eyewitnesses about wbat has hap­ resentative DANTE FAscEiL, of the Fourth­ pened and what is happening in Cuba. · Congressional District of Florida, and 2. The progran:t should ·be devised sq that EXTENSION OF REMARKS myself conducted hearings in Miami at· their skills can be used according to their OJ' our own expense on· March 14 and 15 occupations in such fields as teaching, medi­ with regard to the problems created in cine, law, writing, and engineering. HON. CARLTON R. SICKLES our county by the absorption of Cuban 3. Those volunteering under the Latin OJ' lii.ARYLAND refugees fleeing Castro and communism. Peace Corps program .would --receive benefits IN THE HOUSE OF .REPRESENTATIVES r·+ comparable to those they now qualify for ' Many suggestions were made at the as refugees while on assignment. Thursdo:y, March _28, 1963 hearings about approaches to solving It seelllB to me that this approach would Mr. SICKLES. Mr. Speaker, I re­ the problems which are -created by the have a strong appeal to thousands of these cently received from one of my constitu­ absorption of many thousands of these people who want to' do something actively fine people. - to fight Castro and communisril. This ap-· ents a copy of a notice which he had proach to· "resettlement•• 1s one that should received from his insurance company 1n­ · Paramount in the minds of many of have considerable appeal to the refugee col­ formtng him that, due to his age, his­ our local people, who have earned a Na­ ony in Miami, .and an approach which .could quarterly rates for health insurance were tion~ s gratitude for extending open arms be useful. to our country. , to be nearly doubled-from $12.48 to' tO these people, is the need for increased I respect your experience as an expert in $23.93. resettlement of the overflow to many the field of resettlement activities based on other parts of the Nation. This has been your 18-year ·career, and solicit your opinion, The text of the notice from the insur­ and suggestions with regard to the creation' ance company follows: the key phrase used, so far as I can de­ termine, in regard to .resettlement-"to of a Latin Peace Corps as describe-d .above. FEBRUARY 20, 1963. Kindest regards, and Re health insurance policy No.-. (Anniver­ other parts of the Nation:' Always sincerely, sary date April10, 1963.) . I should like to invite attention of CLAUDE PEPPER, DEAR POLICYHOLDER: You are aware that the House to a proposal I have made to · Member of Congress. medical costs have increas~ considerably the Honorable .John Thcm1as, Director during the past ~ew ye~rs and there is eveu' of the Cuban refugee program for the indication they wm continue to do .so. pepartment .of Health, ·Equcation, arid During this time we have not had . a : Welfare, and I respectfully invite my Preservation of Birthplace of Declar~tion general rate increase to policyholders be­ colleagues to explore with me a new ap-· . of lndependeace cause we have maintained our operating· proach which could have a tremendous costs at the lowest -possible level commen- surate with emciency. . impact in .combating the efforts of Ca.S­ tro and Moscow to "brainwash" our good EXTENSION OF REMARKS We ar~ now paying out more in benefits and expenses than we are collecting in pre- - friends in other Latin American nations: OJ' mium. This makes Jt n~cessary , to increase· MARCH 2_8, 1963. HON. HERMAN TOLL our rates generally in accordance with the Hon. joHN- TlioM:As~ _ - · _ . attained. ·age of each J>9l1cyhoider~- Because· Director, Cuban Refugee Program, Welfare . OJ' PENNSYLVANIA of this fact, beginning with the above anni-' Ad-ministration, Department of Health,· · IN THE HOUSE OF ·REPRESENTATIV'ES versary· date of 'your policy; .the premium: Ed1.1.Cation, and Welfare, Washington, . Thursday,_March 28,1963 will be the amount ·shown below. You wilt _­ D.C. be pleased to know that we have not reduced DEAlt Mlt. THOMAS: You -are aware of course, Mr. TOLL. Mr. Speaker, I have in­ any of your benefits. of the growing public sentiment in Miami troduced H.R. 4963, a bill to authorize C!X--326 5170 March ··28 the Secretary of the Interior to acquire worthwhile to the United States; it must be mass production and mass marketing tech­ by purchase, donation, or with donated forged into a new all11;1o11ce with .new pur­ niques. funds the site of the Jacob Graff House poses. Yet at this turning poin~, a loud and _President de Gaulle and those who share in Philadelphia for inclusion in Inde­ very impo~tant objection to a oroadening his view cannot avoid this trend by keeping of the Atlantic ~lllance is being heard from either Britain or the United States out of pendence National Historical Park. The France, one or-i~ principal members. Europe. They can only avoid it by breaking city, State, and various patriotic groups, Since my earlier remarks were prepared up the Common .Market and retaining their including the Philadelphia Continent~! and delivered before President de Gaulle's small, family-sized business operations s.erv­ Chapter of the Sons of the American press conference was available for study, I ing a small local market. Revolution, are supporting efforts to re­ would like to add some further reflections on what I think our situation is, judged REAL OBJECTIVE IS POLITICAL LEADEltSHIP store this famous house where Thomas from the attitudes expressed by President To my mind, at· feast, these allegations of­ Jefferson wrote the Declaration of In­ de Gaulle .. fered in explanation of De Gaulle's policy are dependence. excuses, not reasons. They do not with­ Independence National Historical CONTENTION THAT UNITED STATES MAY NOT stand the light of reason. They are excuses Park, still in process of improvement DEFEND EUROPE De Gaulle is offering in the hope of con­ and completion, has been described by One of his major contentions is that West­ vincing others to accept his real objective, ern Europe cannot depend upon the United and that is to achieve for France the politi­ the Park Service as "the greatest con­ States to come to her aid with nuclear weap­ cal leadership of Western Europe. centration of historic buildings and sites ons, and that therefore Europe must have Perhaps some nations which would reject in the United States." The annual num­ her own nuclear arsenal and France in par­ so bald a statement of the French objective ber of visitors to this shrine of our Na­ ticular needs a nuclear arsenal under her are gulUble enough to accept one of the tion and its founders is in the millions. exclusive control. other arguments put forward by France and The principal section of the park covers Yet in the history of the 20th century, by individuals in other nations who support France has not been able to defend her­ her position. a one-block-wide area extending from self, much less anyone else. The · United Sixth to Second Streets. The adjacent States and Britain have twice in my lifetime WHERE WE GO FROM HERE IS PRIMARILY UP TO site of the Graff House at the southwest gone to France to defend her against an EUROPE corner of Market and South Seventh invader; the last time, France was liberated The future degree of closeness in relations Streets is strategically located for addi­ by these British and Americans who she between the United States and Western tion to this basic area. now claiins cannot be relied on. Europe now turns not upon a U.S. decision This bill which I have introduced will Another fact of the history of Europe in ~ut upon a European decision. Our inten­ the 20th century has been that if any one tions and our objectives are clear. They have, I hope, the wholehearted support nation is going to dominate Western Europe, have been supported by American blood and of Congress and of Americans through­ it is probably going to be Germany, and by more than $41 bllllon in American money. out our country. The preservation and not France at all. Indeed, had France been Our disinclination to dominate Europe is development of a site of such nationwide left to her own devices in the last 20 years, evidenced by the fact that we could easily historic significance in the establish­ or 50 years, she would very likely be a pro­ have done so in 1945, but we did not. ment of the American Republic tran­ vince of Germany, along with much of the Instead, it was our pollcy to make Europe scends local boundaries. The birthplace rest of Europe. strong, free, and independent. To carry out It is my personal opinion that De Gaulle that pollcy we instituted the Marshall plan of the Declaration of Independence may and France are kidding themselves if they and · later participated to the hilt in the well be termed one of the basic corner­ think the hegemony of a Western European North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Thanks stones of such a national shrine. entity would remain very long in France. in no small part to these instruments, West­ And what of current history? It is a fact ern Europe is now in a position to select her that there are more than twice as many own future course of action. U.S. ground troops under the common de­ It does not seem to me that there is any­ Address of the Honorable Wayne Morse fense command of NATO right now than thing we can offer Europe that we have not there are French forces. France is today the already delivered, or offered. Europe has chief delinquent in the common defense of the choice of welding itself into a new com- EXTENSION OF REMARKS Western Europe. As I have already pointed . munity, either with the United States and OF out, the $9.4 b11lion in American aid which Britain, or without them. If it is without she has received since the end of World War them, such a community wm presumably be HON. ABRAHAM J. MULTER II is the largest sum we have furnished any under French-German hegemony. OF NEW YORK country and is in large part responsible for Either way, the United States will be able IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the economic and military strength which to take care of itself. I shall not repeat the now enables President de Gaulle to flex his many advantages that would flow to us from Thursday, March 28, 1963 muscles. a loosening of our ties with Europe, if that is Mr. MULTER. Mr. Speaker, I com­ In short, it is France and not the United her choice. The financial advantage alone mend to the attention of our colleagues States that has yet to make good on its would be substantial. existing pledges to participate in the com­ NO REASON TO TRY TO OUTBID FRANCE the following remarks of our distin­ mon defense of Europe. I frankly see noth­ guished colleague in the other body, the ing in the recent past, the present, or the Above all, I am not interested in any senior Senator from Oregon, Mr. MORSE. American policy of trying to outbid Prance future which supports any contention that :for the leadership of Europe. Our only in­ The commonsense of Senator MoRsE the United States is unreliable, compared to terest in that continent is that she be free in evaluating foreign affairs strikes me France, in its willingness to use its strength of Communist domination, 3ust u that is as of value to all of us. His remarks to defend and protect the freedom of others. our interest in nations elsewhere in the about our relationship to our European CONTENTION THAT AMERICANIZATION 01' world. If Europe can now do that for herself allies are applicable to the other nations EUROPE IS UNDESIRABLE without further help :from us, so much the of the world also. In a recent speech be­ A second contention widely attributed to better for the United States. fore the annual dinner of Bnai Zion, De Gaulle as a reason for his feeling that A "third force" in Europe would suit this Ambassador Philip Klutznick came to Europe should exclude the United States policy adequately, even though we might pre­ from its political, military, and economic fer a closer relationship in which our part­ virtually the same conclusions about organization is a dread of the Americaniza­ ners would carry a full share of the financial what that relationship should be: a tion of Europe. and m111tary load. working together of friends. We are not To him, this is said to imply mass produc­ The main point of American interest, in interested in supporting Europe or any tion, mass marketing, and perhaps a loss of my opinion, is simply that European coop­ other entity if they do not want our as­ the sense of individuality and the loss of a eration is not so important to us that we sistance and we do not want their sense of history. must go on paying :for it :forever. If Portu­ cooperation if they are unwilling to give But the United States became the richest gal and Spain, for example, now want to it. and most powerful nation in the world by raise the price on American bases in their virtue of its vast unified market and the use lands, we are better off to withdraw and let Senator MoRsE's remarks follow: of mass techniques in the production and those countries submit their demands to REMARKS OF SENATOR WAYNE MORSE, OF ORE­ distribution of goods. De Gaulle, instead. GON, U.S. SENATE, FEBRUARY 14, 1963 And the Common Market of Europe was When our Deputy Defense Secretary Gil­ On January 16, I spoke ·here about some itself created to bring the same advantages patric goes to Spain, I hope that he will in­ of the original purposes of the North At­ to Europe. That is what the Common Mar­ clude on his agenda a study of how quickly lantic Treaty Organization, and why I be­ ket is for. It, too, wlll have a vast and even we could .close our air bases in Spain, and a lieve those original purposes have largely more populous· market than exists in the review of p(>ssible alternative sites for bas­ been achieved. It was, and is, my conten­ United States. If it serves the purpose for ing Polaris submarines In the Mediterranean tion that if NATO is to continue to be which it was created, it, too, will expand its area. 1963 CONGRESSIONAL· RECORD- SENATE 5171 A future for America free from further .spe­ N-EED FOR WIDE PUBLIC DISCUSSION man of the Senate Housing Subcommit­ cial obligations to Europe does not frighten The same is true o! aU the Atlantic allies. tee. to break ground for the construction me at au. The prospect of a military with­ ~t u8 face :up to the fact that we are ~~ of these fair homes. They wiD be known drawal on our part, and the withdrawal of at a turning point. Our NA'IT() altiance u., as "The House of Good Taste" exhibit our military privileges in Europe on its pan;, m mr opinion, served it.a origin8.1 pUl'J)OfeS does not frlgh.ten me at all. Our defenses and served them well. The Atlantic coun­ and millions of people wm view them as there are for the protection of Europe, not tries have more than recoverect from World examples of how Americans live as a re­ of the United States. If she no longer wants Wa.r ll; in the material sense, we are all sult of the initiative of a free enterprise or needs that protection, I see no reason better off than we ·were before the war. system and a democratic form of gov­ whatever !or us to stay. despite its horrors ann its terrible destruc­ ernment. This is primarily a European decision, too, tion. I understand that over 200 business because the ·major confrontation with the We have done very well working together firms are represented in these homes Soviet Union is in Europe. If Europeans for one common purpose. But none at us is and the many products which this ex­ have more conft.dence in leaders of their own quJte sure whether we want to continue the nations ln the reaching of political decisions partnership in pursuit of new purposes. hibit will display should be a stimulus to with Russia to the extent of excluding This is a time for wide publi-c discussion better .housing and better living for all American leaders, then I have no objection o! foreign policy within every nation of the who view them. to that, either. Berlin and the two Ger­ Atlantic alliance. I would like to see a lot I believe that the "House of Good manys, wbich are the main points o! contllct, more of it here. I hope it will be a key issue Taste" will be a highlight of next year's are, after all, in Europe and not in the in the Canadian -election. I would like to great exposition and I ho:pe that all of us United States. If Europeans want to handle hear more opinions from West Germany, .from Britain, and froDl France, as well as in Congress wm have an opportunity to that problem themselves~ I see no reason visit it. for the United States to object to letting .from the other members of NATO. them handle it. This is not a matter that can be left to There are already being heard the voices of diplomats, nor to a few insiders in each timkllty which counsel a policy of sta.ylng country. This is a time for each of us to Now Is the TUDe To Outlaw All Deficit on in Europe by ignoring the French chal­ air our complaints, to explain our changing lenge and trying to work ar-ound De Gaulle. interests, and our hopes for the future. It Speading by the Federal Goveram.ent They warn against any hint that U.S. aid, is a time for getting grievances off our U.S. trade, and U.S. forces in Europe are in -chests, and for exploring each other's inter­ any way a.ffected by the talk of a third force, ests to see whether-and how-they ean be EXTENSION OF REMARKS apparently on the assumption that if we accommodated. OF ignore it and offer enough to the other na­ I think we need to do that, and to do it tions of Europe, they will choose us rather in public, it we are to know whether there is HON. STROM THURMOND than France. still a ·community of iRterest among the or SOUTH CAROLINA Atlantic nations that can form the basis !or I reject such an approach entirely. For a new alliance. IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES my part, I a.m ·emphatically opposed to ~eep­ Just as war is too important to leave to Thursday, March 28, 1963 ing Amedcan forces in Europe if they are not the generals, so a major alliance is too im­ wanted, not needed, and not matched. I am portant to leave to the diplomats. Let Mr. THURMOND. Mr. President, the emphatically opposed to further financial aid neither the generals nor the diplomats ever Senate's highly respected and distin­ to nations ;that seek to exclude the United forget that they are dealing with self­ guished Senator from Virginia [Mr. States from the economic, military, and po­ governing people in these nations. In Nor­ BYRD] has recently made .a very eloquent litical life of Western nations. way, in Italy, in Belgium, in Canada, in the and sound radio address over the ..Man­ It is DonselilSe to say that discussion of a United States, and eacb other member na­ ion Forum" which is broadcast over U.S. withdrawal would be a threat on our tion, the people must understand and sup­ part, or that it would tem:l to prove that .De port the general objectives of an alliance. hundreds of radio stations across this Gaulle is right and that we cannot be de­ The American people have the right to country. I have just received a trans­ pended upon. We have already proved that know whether any further investment in the cript of the Senator's address, which is we can be depended upon. It Js no threat de!epses of Europe, and further reliance on entitled "Now Is the Time To Outlaw to say that it De Gaulle's concept i's ac­ Joint defenses with Canada, are goiRg to be All Deficit Spending by the Federal Gov­ cepted. then tbe United States will have no matched and shared by Europeans and ernment." I ask unanimous consent further business in Europe. Our withdrawal Canadians. If not, then we must get busy that his remarks be printed in the in such a ease is not a threat; it is more of revamping our military -and economic pol­ RECORD. a!act. icies accordingly. There being no objection, the address SAME FACTORS APPLY TO CANADA was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, In many ways, we find ourselves in the as follows: same situation with regard to Canada. Here again. you hear counsels of timidity, Homes To Be on Exhibit ia New York Now Is ·THE TIME To OuTLAw ALL DuiciT and warnings that our relations with Canada SPENDING BY THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT must be left to the diplomats. I could not World Fair DEAK MANION. Did you ever see a dream disagree more. That advlce is an .insult to walking--or a nightmare galloping around the free people of Canada and to the free EXTENSION OF REMARKS your bedroom? For your health's .sake ~ people of the United States. ·oF hope not. But to simulate this experience, As the political campaign in Canada you need only to listen to .some otncialB of proceeds, I very much hope there will be a. the Kennedy administration who !have been HON. ALBERT RAINS testifying before congressional committees great deal of discussion of her past, present, OF ALABAMA and future relations with this country. In in favor of the President's tax and spending both countries, our governments are but IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES proposals. servants of our people. An alliance between Thursday, March 28, 1963 If you elose your eyes while you are listen­ diplomats only, is worse than no alliance ing you may well believe that you have been at all, where democratic nations are Mr. RAINR Mr. Speaker, it is alto­ lifted into the faRtastic ".Ministry of 'Truth" concerned. gether fitting that a prominent feature which is used to make fact out of fiction American politicians and American voters of the New York World Fair should be in George Orwell's horrible fantasy "1984." have a deep interest in our relations with housing. This week it was my pleasure You may remember that the book "1984" is Canada and we should talk about them. Orweu.•s grim &nd ghastly picture of our to assist in a groundbreaking ceremony world when all of it has been reduced to The same goes for Canadian voters and Ca­ for three homes which are to be built at nadian politicians and even more so, now the complete cQZltrol of Communist dictator­ that they are embarked on an election the fair as an American .show.case for ship. campaign. the construction industry, for the home A basic ingredient of this Red establish­ To pass judgment on the future of their furnishing industry, and for eountless ment is the officlal reversal of ev.ery ele­ country, Canadians have to know what related industries upon which home mental concept ·of fact and truth that civil­ ownership and home maintenance are ized people. have accepted since the beginning Americans think, just as we have to know of recorded time. In "1984,'' this reversal what they think. I do not fear any Ca­ dependent. is enforced by the promulgation of .a com­ nadian election .result that follows a full As chairman of the Housing Subcom:.. plete new .Reel vocabulary in wlllch "war" discussion of our relations on both sides of mittee of the House of Representatives, is called "pee.ce." "Truth"· is ,regarded as the border. I db fear a decision that may I joined with~ friend and colleague, ''falsehood" and "slavery" is translated as fiow from ignorance of U.S. v1ews. Senator JoHN SPA1tKMA!f, who is chair- "ifreedom." 5172 CONGRESSIONAL RE€0RD- SENATE March 28 · In "1984," the end ·result of this transfor­ frontiers--they sound like Rip van Winkle. With or without tax reduction, direct ex­ mation of language and ideas is called They must have been taking a long nap .. penditure control has become an obvious "newspeak" and this dictionary of the dia­ -We all know the Federal Government has _and urgen_t n~ed. ~ hope the resolution will bolical dictatorship is a horrible thing to run a de1lcit in 26 of the last 82 years. If be a~opted, or that the objective of the reso­ behold. Nevertheless, the recent testimony Federal deficits would provide work and lutio;n wil~ be accomplished otherwise. of administration officials is definitely Sug­ make us ri{)h, everyone should have been Public demand can bring this about. And, gestive 'of a "newspeak" arithmetic which employed and rich before now. Instead, we public demand and support for expenditure Congress is now being asked to buy, believe, still have unemployed and we have a t305 reduction can bring that about, too. ·and adopt. billion debt--and the administration says it CONGRESS WILL ACCEDE TO YOUR DEMANDS For instance, these witnesses have testi­ must go higher. If we don't get crackpot fied that it is a good thing for the Federal economists out of Federal fiscal positions The principles and fundamentals which Government to spend more than it takes in. and get sound men in them, the American have made this a great Nation have been .They predict that the resultlve debts and system will be lost. dangerously undermined in· the past 30 deficits wlll be a blessing to our economy So much for the academic theories and years. But, great power still resides in the in the form of full and profitable employ­ prognostications of the self-styled econo­ people. If you exert that power tor sound be ment for the American people. Their solu­ mists--I'll just talk in terms of simple facts. government, the government will made tion !or our business troubles is sweet and Federal taxes are high-too high-as every sound. If the people in this audience want simple; namely, reduce Federal taxes and taxpayer knows, and, they should be reduced. ·sound and responsible tax reduction, you increase Federal spending. In the light of As chairman of the Senate Finance Com­ must use your power for expenditure reduc­ all ihat we have previously learned about mittee, nothing would give me more pleasure tion first. addition, subtraction, profit and loss, this than to report a bill-for responsible tax re­ As a Member of the Senate for 30 years, I testimony presents a deeply moving picture duction. But, as we all know, the basic rea­ can tell you that your Representatives and of Allee in Orwell's bureaucratic Wonder­ son for Federal taxes is to meet Federal ex­ Senators will respond to your demand. Most land of 1984. penditures. If Federal taxes are too high­ Members of Congress want to vote for sound But these witnesses hold high and im­ and they are-it is basically because Federal government. What is lacking too often is portant positions in our Government. They expenditures are too high. your support. are serious, dedicated, and determined. Their It is true that Federal tax collections Sound and responsible tax reduction is an testimony is backed up by the immeasur­ totaling 80-odd billion dollars are at their issue affecting every citizen. It can be had able force and p_ervasive pressures of the alltime peak. But Federal expenditures, if expenditures are cut accordingly. If the presidential administration which has dem­ which will exceed $100 b1lllon next year, are public demands and supports sufficient ex­ onstrated its abll1ty to bring congressional higher. · penditures reduction first, sound tax re­ votes into the administration lineup--com­ This simpy means that we are going fur­ duction will surely follow. monsense and simple arithmetic to the con­ ther into debt each year by the amount that I greatly appreciate the opportunity of trary notwithstanding. expenditures exceed tax reduction. We now being on this program. For a Congressman or a Senator to stand Dean MANION. Thank you, Senator HARRY owe in Federal debt alone more than •300 BYRD, of Virginia. up and be counted against the full power of billion, and this debt is costing us $10 bil­ the Presidential Office requires moral and lion a year in interest. I am slire that this convincing appeal for political courage of the very highest order. By simple arithmetic we know that 4 per­ popular support in your fight for common­ Measure therefore if you can the character cent interest on debt, compounded semian­ sense in the fiscal management of our Fed­ and integrity of a Senator who is a dis­ nually, doubles the principal in 17¥-z years. eral Government will bring an enthusiastic tinguished leader of the President's political For the sake of our children, responsible response from this audience. party but who, nevertheless, takes the lead­ people must begin to think of reducing this I and millions of your fellow Americans ership against administration policy when burden of debt we are leaving to them. are deeply grateful to you, sir, for your that policy violates that Senator's solid con­ courageous and scholarly leadership in the ception of fiscal responsibility and the best ONLY YOU-THROUGH CONGRESB--CAN CUT truly desperate cause of a sound and solvent interests of this country. EXPENDITURES Government for the United States. Let me When you have done that you will have But, the administration in Washirigton assure you that what you have said here .taken the measure of a truly great American proposes to cut taxes and raise expenditures today w111 be reprinted and repeated thou­ statesman, HARRY F. BYRD, of Virginia. Sena­ while we are already running a deficit. This sands of times throughout this country dur­ tor BYBD, welcome back to the "Manion simply means that we would go another ing this crucial .congressional debate. Forum." dollar deeper in debt for every dollar we take My friends, passage of Senator BYRD's pend­ senator BYRD. Thank you, Dean Manion, in tax reduction. Short of grave national ing senate Resolution 12 will frustrate the for the kind personal remarks in your emergency, this would be sheer fiscal irre­ economic "Pied· Pipers of the Washington gracious introduction. sponsib111ty and most of us, deep down in our Wonderland" and nail down the solvency of You have asked me to discuss briefly ex­ hearts, know it. this country once and for all. Remember penditures and taxes and expenditure control Yet, a sound and responsible tax cut could what this distinguished and experienced Sen­ and tax reduction. I don't know a better be made possible by first cutting out unnec­ ator has said; namely, "If you exert your place to start than with the attitude of the essary Federal expenditures. Admittedly, power for SOUAd government the Government new Federal Budget Director, Mr. Kermit this is made more difficult by the fact that wm be made sound." Gordon, who has been testifying at the the President says that Federal expenditures Literally, this puts upon you and me and Capitol. must and will rise. each of us a frightful but inescapable per­ This leaves it up to Congress to cut ex­ sonal responsib111ty. I,n subs~ance, Senator In effect, Mr. Gordon told a congressional penditures without assist-ance from the exec­ committee that a balanced budget would BYRD has said that, in the last analysis you utive branch, if not against its opposition. lead to increased unemployment and general are the director of the budget for the United If Congress is to cut expenditures under these economic decline. He said this would hap­ States. circumstances, 1t will need both the demand You hold the key to the U.S. Treasury. pen whether we reduced Federal expendi­ and active support of everyone in this audi­ tures to meet tax collections or increase taxes You can sell this country down the river of ence and more ·effective procedures in its debts and deficits or you can save the sol­ to meet expenditures. actions on appropriation measures. I submit that a man who thinks a bal­ vency of the United States by making proper I shall conclude with some remarks con­ use of this great speech by Senator BYBD, anced budget would be a catastrophe does cerning pUblic demand and support for re­ not have the frame of mind to direct the now. This is the time for decision; what duction in expenditures. But, first let me are you going to do about it? budget of the United States. He should be report that I have introduced what is known removed from his office. as the senate Concurrent Resolution 12 to A budget director's function is to balance limit expenditures. · our fiscal affairs in the Federal budget--and Congress now acts on appropriatipns but it defend it--not destroy it. It seems that Mr. does not limit annual expenditures where Mrs. Martha Frances Brown Gordon has fallen for the fallacies of too money is available for more than 1 year. many of the so-called economists who are Under the resolution an annual expenditure counseling Government officials. They say limit would be fixed on every expenditure in­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS that balancing the budget is still a goal, cluding "back door" items. OF but to balance it any time soon would make Congress now acts on appropriations in a us poor because tl:lere would be no Federal dozen or more bills over a period of months, HON. CHARLES L. WELTNER deficit to make us rich. And, to make us never seeing the whole at any one time. OF GEORGIA richer faster, they think the Government Under the resolution every expenditure would should create bigger · deficits by spending be brought under one cover and-limited. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES more and cutting taxes at the same time. Under this procedure the expenditures al­ Thursday-, March 28, 1963 Such ideas as these, which are being ex­ lowed could be added up at the end of the pressed by Mr. Gordon and other Govern­ -b111 and checked against estimated revenues. Mr. WELTNER. Mr. Speaker, I ment economists, sound like John Maynard By this direct expenditure control Congress should like to take this opportunity to Keynes and Gunnar Myrdal rolled into one. can make deficit financing illegal or unlaw- salute a gracious and talented journalist They don't sound lllte men looking !or new ful. -- from the Fifth District of Georgia. Mrs. 1963 CONGRESSION-AL ·RECORD-· SENATE 5173 Martha Frances Brown has distin­ ·In Hawaii· Kuhio's memory is still tiona.ry development of fee-simple guished herself in the field of journalism. · bright, particularly among the older citi­ ownership of houselots; it adequately As editor of the weekly newspapers, the zens-the kamaainas, if you will. One protects the rights of the large holders Tri-County Graphic and the North De of the brightest aceomplishnients of and will insure their receipt of compen­ Kalb Record, Mrs. Brown has been the Kuhlo, in the memory of many, was S8,tion which in many cases will be recipient of numerous awards. his introduction and passage .of the hundreds of times what the land cost Her latest award was presented by the Hawaiian Homes Commission Act of them in the first place. Georgia Conference of Social Welware 1920. For years Kuhio had led the :fight The timing of the final passage of this "in appreciation of Mrs. Brown's inter­ to put Hawaii's people back on the land bill in the first session of the House since est and concern for a local social prob­ that had been theirs to use in the ancient the anniversary of Prince Kuhio's birth lem and in recognition of her outstand­ days. The Prince recognized the need, is both coincidental and fortuitous. ing service in writing a series of articles under modern Western society, for the History does not record how the Prince in her community weekly newspaper.'' independent freeholder.· To own a bit might. have voted on this measure todd.y, Mrs. Elizabeth -Marshall, chairman of of land on which to raise your family or had he been able to vote. But history the conference journalism awards, made from which to draw your sustenance, is is replete with his many efforts to open the presentation. a basic building block of the free Amer- the hinds of Hawaii to homesteaders and Mrs. Brown, who was cited in 1961 by ican society. · to keep large tracts from being concen­ the Dixie Business magazine for "public Perhaps history will record that one trated in the hands of those who would service in reporting," recently authored of the tragic ironies of Prince Kuhio's keep -the people from owning and using a series of articles dealing with the needs political career was that he died before the land. Kuhio's action in 1908 and of Lynwood Park, an· area in De Kalb he could see his Hawaiian Homes Act put 1910 in backing changes in the Hawaii County. into effect. I am afraid history will also Organic Act to facilitate homesteading, Mrs. Brown is a native of Atlanta and record that his crowning effort has not and his opposition to the appointment a graduate of the Henry W. Grady been used in the manner which he must in 1911 of Governor Frear because of School of Journalism of the University have desired. Perhaps history will re­ alleged maladministration of . these of Georgia. She has been editor of the cord that Kuhio's opponents, the large homestead laws, are strong indications North De Kalb Record since 1948. land users, have in the years since his of his · real concern for the fate of the Other series written by Mrs. Brown death exercised in:fiuence over the ad­ freeholder of tli.e need for the small man deal with traffic and zoning problems, ministration of the law is such a way as to own a portion of his native soil. the need for accurate registration lists to render its programs relatively ineffec­ There have been many misuses in the in various communities, the need for tive. Kuhio's dream lives on, but its history of our Territory and State of citizen participation in civic affairs, and execution has lagged. the memory of Prince Kuhio and the many others directed at helping the Now, in Hawaii, in the new State that things for which he stood. Often the communities served by her newspaper. Prince Kuhio envisioned, we live in a day trustees of some of the large landhold­ This recent series of stories written removed from· many · of the political ing entities have attempted to use the by Mrs. Brown is a :fine example of the forces and tactics of 1920; yet many of name of the native Hawaiians and the vitality of the weekly newspaper, the the same problems still remain. The memory of their early leaders, such as dedication of weekly editors, and the need for the freeholder is still with us in Kuhio, to protect the narrow and selfish· service that weeklies can perform. Hawaii. I hope that those of us in :financial control that monopolistic land­ Hawaii who revere the memory of Prince ownership gives them. I do not want to Kuhio will apply his vision to the present be party to the misuse of Kuhio's memory . day Hawaii and work ·all the harder to today, However I do feel that in the 'Tribute to. Prince Jonah Kalani.anaole, insure that all of Hawaii's people-and context of history the Prince, were of Hawaii there are many more of them now-will he living today, would applaud the pas­ be given their free American right to own sage of the Friedel measure and the en­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS the land on which their homes rest, and couragement it will give to the ownership to make their way in a free and :fluid of land by the small homeowner in his OF economy. native Hawaii. HON. THOMAS P. GILL Mr. Speaker, I would like to digress Thank you for an opportunity to pay OF HAWAn for a moment from the mainstream of homage to a ·great Hawaiian and a great IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATivES these remarks to note an action of this lt-ader of the Territory of Hawaii. House today which relates in a very real Thursday, March 28, 1963 way to the problem of land ownership in Mr. GILL. Mr. Speaker, Tuesday, Hawaii, and in a very substantial way to March 26, marked the 92d anniversary the freeholder problem which bedeviled Administration and Other Comments on of the birth of Prince Jonah Kalanian- Prince Kuhio during much of his public Obscene Matter aole who served as Delegate to the Con- life. gress of the United States from the On this day the House has given final EXTENSION OF REMARKS Territory of Hawaii for nine successive approval to · H.R. 1597, sponsored by OJ' terms from 1903 to 1922. Congressman FRIEDEL. Certainly the Prince Kuhio, as he was generally Friedel bill has an indirect but definite HON. GLENN CUNNINGHAM known, was not only an in:fiuentialleader · effect on the unique and widespread OJ' NEBRASKA of his Hawaiian people but he was also leaseholding system in Hawaii. If the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a most effective representative of our State of Hawaii passes a, lease-redemp­ new Pacific territory in its early and tiori law ·similar to that in existence in Thursday, March 28, 1963 formative years. The Prince was a link the State of Maryland, H.R. 1597 will Mr. CUNNINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, I with Hawaii's past; he had been a loyal allow many residential leaseholders in believe the membership of the Congress supporter of the Hawaiian monarchy Hawaii the right to deduct their lease will find of interest an exchange of cor­ during the revolutionary troubles of the payments in the same manner as they respondence in regard to the great prob­ 1890's. It is greatly to his credit and now deduct interest on a mortgage. lem in. this country of controlling the his sense of statesmanship that he was The passage of H.R. 1597 today gives pornographic and obscene material, es­ able to translate his loyalty to an inde- great impetus to the passage of the pecially as it pertains to young people. pendent nation, the Kingdom of Hawaii, Maryland-type ground rent law now A few days ago I had occasion to write into long and effective representation of before the Legislature of the State of to the President and to urge him to exert the new Territory of Hawaii in the Con- Hawaii. Passage of this law will give the great leadership which he has at his gress of the United States. Prince Kuhio the ever-growing number of residential command in order to assist the many was a link with the past, but he was leaseholders the option, enforced by citizens and Government officials who also a prophet of the future; it was statute, to buy the land on which their are working in this area. A copy of -my Kuhio in 1919 who introduced the first homes are built. It is not a radical letter of March 7 follows and the reply a:awaii statehood bill in the coitgress. measure; it provides for a slow, evolu- ~~om the administration is also printed. 5174 CONGRESSIONAL -RECORD-· SENATE March 28-

Following thls exchange of correspohd­ pla.yed when· public opino~ runs strongly Thank you for your thoughtful views on ence, I will. include a copy of the latest against him. Committees of both Houses of this important subject. report from Operation Yorkville, which is Congress have cooperated wttl). S\lC.b. groups Sincerely yours, a communitywide nondenominational aa the Citizens for Deeent Literature, church PHILLIP S. HUGHES, leaders, community groups such as Opera­ Assistant Director for Lef!islative Reference. civic endeavor in New York City, which tion Yorkville, and anyone else who is wlll­ is aimed at stopping the flow of obscene ing to lend leadership in this fight. literature. I would mention to my col­ I think that a strong statement by you, OPERATION YORKVILLE, leagues that Operation Yorkville and Mr. President, would be a. vital part of this New York, N.Y. other similar groups across the country fight. As a parent, as a man of Christian Operation Yorkville, the fast-paced New tralnlng and background, as one who en­ York City community campaign organized to are very concerned about this problem, combat the $2 billion "cesspool publication" and they have pressed endorsement of courages the good literature of which we have an abundance available, and as the racket, this week received the endorsement two of the major bills in this field which· President of the United States, you have the of Gov. Nelson A. Rockefeller. I have had the privilege of sponsoring, opportunity available to no one else to en­ In a letter to Rev. William T. Wood, S.J., H.R. 319 and H.R. 470. courage those who emphasize the good in cofounder of the movement along with Dr. MARCH 7, 1963. literature and condemn the filth to the trash Julius Neumann, rabbi of the Congregation THE PRESIDENT, pile, to encourage the youth to ignore the Zichron Moshe, and Rev. Robert E. Wilten­ The White House, peddlers of such filthy matter, and to set a burg, pastor of Immanuel Evangelical Wa8hington, D.C. climate which will encourage the courts to Lutheran Church, Governor Rockefeller DEAR M:a. PRESIDENT: I am sure your office recognize the existing moral climate in this said: "My sincere compliments to you and has been increasingly aware in recent months country is considerably higher than some to all others engaged in the laudable purpose of the concern which Americans-especially rulings have seemed to indicate. of Operation Yorkville. The vending of ob­ parents-feel over the obscene material I believe it most appropriate to suggest scene literature is odious in the eyes of all which passes through the mall or is dis­ that you send a special message to the Con­ civilized people and about as low an occupa­ tributed over and under the counter and gress on this matter, encompassing legisla­ tion as human greed can undertake. You which finds its way into the hands of our tive recommendations and calling attention are to be commended for your plan to con­ yout.b.. to the scope of the problem, recommending duct a campaign of moral suasion to rem\.nd Indeed, your Attorney General just a few at the least urgent study at all levels of citizens and storekeepers alike of their days ago met with leaders of one group government. In the event they will be of responsibilities to youth and parents of the which is dedicated to action in this field, some use to you in this regard, I enclose vicinity." Operation Yorkville, from New York City. I copies of two bills I have sponsored in this New York City Police Commissioner Mur­ know there is concern within official circles field. The Commission approach is one phy also expressed interest tn Operation over this problem. which a number of Members of both Houses Yorkville this week. At his invitation, a As a member of the House Postal Opera­ have favored, while the approach in H.R. member of the executive committee of tions Subcommittee and its ranking minority 319 is one which grew out of hearings in the Operation Yorkville, attended a 1-hour meet­ member for three Congresses, I am well Postal Operations Subcommittee. ing with the commissioner and his staff, at aware of the work of the Post Office Depart­ I appeal to you to examine this issue which they discussed the enforcement of ment, Bureau of Customs, and Department through your personal staff and through the existing antiobscenity laws. of Justice. Unfortunately, there is a limit departments of government, but to give se­ Latest to offer Operation Yorkville co­ as to what can be accomplished by the most rious thought to personal participation in operation is the New York County American sincere and dedicated official, be he local, the nationwide effort to end this traffic in Legion. Mr. Peter Massimino, chairman of State or Federal. That limit is drawn by filth. It has been said that pornographic the Americanism committee, said this week court decisions as to what constitutes .ob­ material in the hands of the young is as that his goal is to bring a resolution to the scene material. Increasingly in recent years, dangerous as dope; one attacks the body, national convention of the American Legion, court decisions have allowed greater laXity the other the mind. enlisting the support of over 3 million and license in printed matter. I do not With every good wish, I remain, Legionnaires throughout the Nation. need to mention recent "literature" which Sincerely yours, Operation Yorkville's "Petition the Presi­ has been held not obscene and thus mailable. GLENN CUNNINGHAM, dent for Action" campaign, begun March 4 This problem is an acute one. Leading Member of Congress. at a meeting of area community leaders, experts have testified that there is a direct continues to gain ln momentum. To date, causal relationship between obscene material thousands of letters and wires have been and the startling increase in sex crimes and EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT, sent to the President, expressing shock at juvenile delinquency. J. Edgar Hoover has BUREAU OF THE BUDGET, the massive waves of pornographic literature said, "We know that an overwhelmingly large Washington, D.C., March 22, 1963. fiooding America, informing him of the dan­ number of sex crimes is associated with Hon. GLENN CUNNINGHAM, gerous effects it is having on the physical pornography. We know that sex criminals House ot Representatives, and mental fitness of our youth, and the read it, are clearly influenced by it • • •. Washtngton, D.C. resultant anxiety of parents, and finally, I believe that if we can eliminate the dis­ DEAR MR. CUNNINGHAM: This is in reply to urging him to action. tribution of such items among impression­ your letter of March 7, 1963, to the President Latest to sign group telegrams were people able school-age children, we shall greatly re­ concerning the distribution of obscene mate­ attending Operation Yorkville meetings at duce our frightening sex-crime rate." rial to young people. Cornell Medical Center and Hunter College. The late Dr. Benjamin Karpman, chief As you recognize, the President and this psychotherapist at St. Elizabeths Hospital, administration have shared in the wide­ left no doubt as to his conclusions: "There spread awareness of the problem your let­ is a very direct relationship between juve­ ter deals with. Interested executive branch Mrs. Maude Greenwell Faris nile delinquency, sex . crimes, and porno­ agencies are in the process of reviewing leg­ graphic llterature." islative proposals to deal with noxious and And finally, I refer to an appearance be­ obscene material preparatory to reporting EXTENSION OF REMARKS fore the Postal Operations Subcommittee by to the congressional committees concerned. OF Dr. Nicholas G. Frignito, medical director There are substantial differences of view, and chief neuropsychiatrist, county court however, as to what organized efforts--gov­ HON. LAURENCE J. BURTON of Philadelphia, in late 1961. He said: "In ernmental or private--should be undertaken OF UTAH to cope with the problem. This situation too many instances the increase in sexual IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES offenses was traced to the persistent and undoubtedly stems in part from the wide constant exposure to obscenity in all media diffusion or responsibillty for dealing with Thursday, March 28, 1963 of communication. The reading of erotica the problem; it is at once a matter of con­ 1s not a harmless psychological aphrodisiac; cern for families, community organizations Mr. BURTON. Mr. Speaker, it is with lt is a serious danger and threat to morality!' and churches, State and lQCal governments, regret that J; announce to the House the These authorities are certainly competent and the Federal Government. In part, too, passing of one of the fine citizens of my enough to convince me. that the control of the d11ferences grow out of the wide range of home city in Ogden-Mrs. Maude Green­ obscene material will be a significant factor views as to what is "obscene and noxious," well Faris. in the control of juvenile crime. with questions of free speech, censorship, Mrs. Faris died quietly at something Thus the problem is that much material and civil liberties involved. after 2 o'clock Thursday morning, March is allowed in the mails and on the news­ These concerns are, of course, as basic to stands legally," even though it offends the our Nation and our society as the matters 21, .1963. On F~bruary 24, friends and morals "and sense of decency of nearly every­ dealt with in your letter, and the continu­ acquaintances had. observed her 85th one. However, there ls a remedy; and it is Ing search for effective -methods of dealing birthday. Her-husband, the late Philip simply public oplnlon. with the problem of obscenity must be car-· Arthur Faris, passed away in Ogden on No publisher will stay in business, nor ried on without jeopardy to our free institu­ February 24, 1954. As an Ogden busi­ wm his filthy wares be distributed or dis- tions. nessman, he was well known to many. 1963 <::ONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 5175 In this day and age, I think we may was born near Georgetown, Brown Coun­ under his leadership. At his urging, the be inclined to pass by over lightly the ty, 0hio, an area in which members of School of International Service was es­ lesson and example to us all in the lives his family had been resident since before tablished and the Westminster (Md.) of such as Maude Greenwell Faris. Hers 1778 when that region was a portion of Theological Seminary- relocated m:i the was not the eventful sort of earthly the· Commonwealth of Virginia. campus of the university, where it is existence that moves quickly into the ·Philip Arthur and Maude Greenwell now known as Wesley Seminary. In rec­ history books; instead, it was the quiet Faris were blessed with many children ognition of Bishop Oxnam's work in its resolve of her life to live well with friends and grandchildren. To them all I have behalf, the chapel of the seminary is and neighbors, to be true mother to her expressed the sympathy-in their most named for him. family and abiding helpmate to her hus­ recent loss-of this House. The bishop devoted his life to the goals band. At an early age, she was trained Among the surviving children is Mrs. of the Methodist Church and played an in music and for it and the rich bounties Leonard Davidson of 560 24th Street, important role in many of the organiza­ of her church she was always deeply Ogden, Utah. Mr. and Mrs. Davidson tions which advanced them. He served grateful. have been outstanding members of my as president of the World Council of Her family-and particularly her hometown. Mr. Davidson was a con­ Churches, vice president of the National mother--dared and faced much to make scientious member of the Ogden Board Council of Churches, and president of the their home in Ogden, Utah. And I think of Education for many years, during Council of Bishops of the Methodist it well to recall that the life span of which time great strides forward were Church. Maude Greenwell Faris and her father made in·building new schools·and in the Despite being engaged in a wide range covered a period of a century and a improvement of teaching. He also has of activities, Bishop Oxnam never lost quarter. been and is now very active in the Weber touch with the human problems of his Ambrose Greenwell was born Septem­ County Safety Committee, which has congregation. His concern with these ber 29, 1838, in Dunton-Bassett, Leices­ done much to promote good safety prac­ matters and the energy with which he tershire, England where generations of tices in our area. tackled them are shown by the fact that Greenwells had lived before him. His Among the recent staff employees of during his first 2 years as bishop ·in wife-Elizabeth Brinkley Hill, was born the U.S. Senate is a member of Mrs. Washington he visited each'of the 1,700 July 29, 1835, at Wolverhampton, not far Faris' . family. George W. Seidl, who ministers in the Middle Atlantic States distant. At Walsall in Staffordshire ·he formerly served on the staff of Senator area. was baptized at the age of 19 into the Arthur V. Watkins, of Utah, is the hus­ Bishop Oxnam was a fearless and Church of Latter-day Saints-the Mor­ band of Louise Hoggan. Seidl, whose forthright advocate for the causes in mon Church. In 1855 he was ordained mother-Mrs. Ellis R. Hoggan, of 1324 which he believed. He was a stanch de­ an elder. His wife had been baptized Walcott Street, Ogden, Utah-is the for­ fender of individual freedom. As such, at an earlier age-14. They were mer Marjorie J. Faris, a daughter of he was an ardent foe of the House Un­ married in 1853. Philip Arthur and Maude Greenwell American Activities Committee. He was In 1854 the young couple came to the Faris. attacked by the committee and de­ United States and· for 4% years lived manded a hearing to refute the charges in Philad~lphia. There they met two against him. This hearing was held on Utah emissaries, William H. Wright and Bishop Oxnam: A Tribute July 21, 1953, and lasted far into the Carl G. Maeser, who were instrumental night. In his statement, Bishop Oxnaril in their moving West. EXTENSION OF REMARKS pointed out that the committee, by is:.. At White Cloud, Mo., a son was born OF suing unverified and unevaluated re:. to Elizabeth Hill Greenwell. Four weeks HON. JAMES C. CORMAN l~~s and then refusing to accept re­ later, their party started west across the sponsibility for the accuracy of these plains to Utah-under direction of Capt. OF CALIFORNIA statements violated basic principles of J~es "-Big Jim" Brown. Carrying her IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES honesty and fair dealing. He also ob­ child and with her 3-year-old son at her Thursday, March 28, 1963 jected to the false and biased manner in side, she walked the entire distance-900 Mr. CORMAN. Mr. Speaker, America which the information concerning him miles-arriving with her husband and recently lost one of its most eminent had been compiled. party in Salt Lake City on August 28, clergymen, Bishop G. Bromley Oxnam. One ·of Bishop Oxnam's friends re­ 1859. His death creates a void in the ranks of lated a story to me about his appearance Her husband-Ambrose Greenwell­ the progressive churchmen of this Na­ before the committee which illustrates w~ a familiar ~gure in Ogden business tion. No one will be able to match the how this man imbued all those around circ)es thereafter for nearly 40 years. dedication with which he worked for the him with his righteousness and zeal. He opened a meat market there in 1860. highest principles of Christian brother­ When the committee recessed for dinner, His business prospered and in 1869 he hood and social reform. the bishop took a taxi to a nearby res­ built a two-story brick business build­ A complete list of Bishop Oxnam's taurant. When he left the restaurant a ing, the Greenwell Market. He died on interests, activities, and honors would short while later, the same taxi was wait­ October 27, 1898, and is buried at Ogden. probably fill an entire page in this ing to return him to the hearing. -When Of their children, Maude Greenwell RECORD. Therefore, I shall only briefly Bishop Oxnam asked the driver why he was born February 24, 1878. She at­ outline some of his major accomplish­ had waited for him, the driver replied tended local schools. Soon after her ments. He was a ·native Californian, that he knew that the bishop was testi­ 20th birthday, on May 3, 1898, she mar­ studied at the University of Southern fying before the committee and thought ried Philip Arthur Faris, an Idaho Falls, California, and was ordained in · 1916. that he might need some support. He Idaho, businessman. After their mar­ Shortly thereafter, he founded the said that since the bishop was speaking riage she went to live for a time in Idaho Church of -All Nations in Los Angeles for him and millions of others, he felt Falls where Mr. Faris was in the employ and was its pastor and director for 10 that this was the least he could do. The of the banking and general merchandise y~ars. D:uring this time he taught at driver r~fused to accept any payment for firm of Anderson Brothers. Thereafter, his alma mater and-later at Boston Uni:.. the ride back to the hearing. the couple removed to Ogden. Mr. versity. He became .president of De :aishop Ox.nam completely cleared Faris, as a buyer for the firm of Taylor­ Pauw University in 1928 and served in himself of every charge against him and Wright, in Ogden, was well known for that capacity for 8· years. In 1936 he :finally, at 12:20 the next morning, on his attentive, businesslike and gentle became the youngest bishop in the Meth­ motion of my recently deceased col­ ways. He had many friends. odist ·church, at 44. .He was successively league, Congressman Doyle, the commit­ Mr. Faris' people had -long been resi­ bishop in Omaha, Boston, New York, tee voted unanimously that its records dents of the United States.· He himself and Washipg~n. · · . show that Bishop Oxnam "has no record was born. at Time in Pike County, Dl;, During his 8 years in Washington, of . any: Communist Party , ~enipershii:> July 13, 1873, a son of Elijah Fari~ Bishop Oxnam performed some of his or affiliation." , who serv'ed in an Dlinois regiment with finest services to his church. He took After 44 years of service, Bishop Ox­ Union forces later prominent in the a special interest 1n American University nam retired in 1960. I can :find no more siege of Vicksburg, Miss. Elijah Faris and it made some of Its greatest strides :fitting summation of his life and work 5176 ~ CONGRESSIONAl . RECORD- SENATE March 28 than the words of his successor in Wash- the omclal news media·from the White House in the Washington press corps, as well as a · ingto~ Bishop John Wesley Lord. He to portray or to indicate -a favorable result large number of Members of the. House and said that Bishop Oxnam was "one of the or conclusion as justified in the interests of of the Senate, are not sure how to interpret •summit souls' with whom God on oc­ national security. any om.cial administration announcement. Now at the outset, I thin'k we wm all This. should not be interpreted as being only casion blesses mankind." recognize that certainly it is not in the a partisan point of view, and I am the flrst best interest of our Nation during an to confess that I personally hope it is a · con­ ·emergency to make all information and in­ clusion that has been reached by· many tell1gence known to news sources and there­ ·persons with no political aftlllation. It has Managed News by to our adversaries. This is just as axio­ been commented upon by one very close to matic as not revealing a bridge hand to the Kennedy family themselves. your opponents. But you don't want a EXTENSION OF REMARKS Arthur Krock was chief of the Washington bridge partner who indicates he was dealt bureau for the New York Times for 21 years. OF aces when they were indeed only "jacks." Mr. Krock is the recipient of two Pulitzer In times of war or even during international prizes and a citation that is equivalent to a HON. ROBERT DOLE bargaining, it is obviously necessary to re­ third. He described himself as "absolutely or KANSAS veal only as much information as can be personally fond of President Kennedy and a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES helpful in obtaining the objective that is long-time friend of the entire Kennedy fam­ being sought. This is a much different con­ ily." · Despite this personal attachment to Thursday, March 28, 1963 text, however, than misrepresenting what the Kennedys, his professional ethics Mr. DOLE. Mr. Speaker, there has now appear to have been well-known facts, prompted him to speak out last week. In a been considerable discussion concerning not only to our adversaries, but to the cynical statement, he denounced the at­ American people themselves. tempt to manage news by President John F. the news policy of this administration. It is perhaps more dignlfled to refer to this Kennedy and his associates. The Associated Many of us are convinced the American manipulation as "managed" news, but man­ Press quoted him as saying "that the weapon public has been misled by spokesmen for aged news in many instances is misrepre­ of news management has been improperly this administration in repeated efforts sented news. If the question has presented used to inflate success or gloss over error in to present the most favorable image itself as to what I am referring, there are the aftermath of half-won showdowns--such through a tightly managed news policy. quite a number of known instances of so­ as President Kennedy's with respect to the The gentleman from Kansas, Hon. called managed news, and it appears that Soviet rearmament of CUba." Mr. Krock each day there is being revealed another further accuses Mr. Kennedy of creating a WILLIAM AVERY, discussed managed news, basic incident associated with the Cuban completely and objectively, at a recent false impression last fall that a balanced crisis whereby the American people were not budget was in prospect. He charges adminis­ meeting of the Kansas Federation of told the truth. ·tration omcials with anonymous prevarica­ Collegiate Young Republicans, March 2, You wlll recall the controversy over the tion on such subjects as the balance-of­ at Hutchinson, Kans. I submit his re­ air cover that was alleged to have been payments problem, which Krock says is marks for the benefit of those who may promised the Cuban invaders on their ill­ "visibly growing worse." to fated mission at the Bay of Pigs. The omcial be interested in the right know: Pentagon news sources were rather vague as Mr. Krock is critical of the working press MANAGED NEWS to whether or not air cover had been prom­ themselves for being overwhelmed by this Each mistake the Kennedy administration ised, and who called it off at the critical hour. unorthodox operation. He completed his has made could very well be the subject mat­ Then recently, Attorney General Robert Ken­ criticism by saying that "for any degree to ter of a full-length speech and would further nedy took it upon himself to announce to which this project has been successful, the provide enough topics for a speech every day the Nation that no air cover had been prom­ principal onus rests on the printed and !or the remainder of the New Frontier­ ised. A careful review of all the incidents electronic press itself." January 1965. I can tell you for sure that revealed that he was trying to misrepresent These are very serious indictments indeed, there are quite a number of Republicans in the whole incident by a play on words. "Air and similar charges were apparently brushed Washington; and I think across the Nation, cover" for the invading troops apparently off by most persons as the usual political who intend to point out these blunders to had not been assured, but at least two air criticism until the cryptic article by the the voters and taxpayers of America. It is strikes preceding the invasion to disable senior New York Times reporter. This had always the responsibility of the minority to Castro's aircraft had been promised. One caused quite a lot of reflection on the part point out policy differences and philosophical was made. It is the opinion of most ob­ of Members of Congress, and I think the diversities from the majority party. This is servers in Washington that the effect of call­ working Washington press corps. not just to be partisan for the sake of being ing off the second air strike permitted Cas­ This criticism, supplemented by a Repub­ partisan, but to give the voters in a democ­ tro's small air force to riddle the invaders lican ·comment, has not taken place without racy a clear choice on issues. as they attempted to land on the beach. results. The fl.rst printed report was that In the last few months of the Kennedy ad­ And then you have learned just this week, a retreat had been arranged by White House ministration, this responsibility becomes al­ not from the White House, not from the Secretary Pierre Salinger and representatives most awesome because of the almost Pentagon, or not from any official source, but of the working press and organizations repre­ successful attempt of the Kennedy admin­ from Senator DIRKSEN, the minority leader senting the various news media. This so­ istration to manage and sometimes misrepre­ of the Senate, that four American pilots called retreat is to take place next week, and sent the news. This operation of news were kllled in this poorly managed operation. I understand that this is an attempt on the management did not suddenly commence, Again, the New Frontier made no mention part of White House policymakers to either as it was initially just a projection of the of American citizens being involved until _explain or apologize to the press for the ap­ magnificent job of public relations and sell­ this announcement was made, and then it parent arrogance of White House and ad­ ing that was done on candidate Kennedy was confl.rmed by Majority Leader MANS­ ministration spokesmen. I thought there himself in the 1960 election. With the FIELD. was an amusing note in the press release. services of some most intell1gent and re­ You are generally familiar with the suc­ Although we have a committee in the House sourceful public relations representatives, cessive allegations by Senator KEATING last known as the Moss "Right To Know Com­ the Kennedy family image was projected fall and again this month over the extent of mittee," the administration wants these rep­ widely and favorably to the people of this the Communist military strength in Castro's resentatives of all news media gathered for Nation. The campaign managers did not Cuba. It can be categorically stated that a brieflng session, for which, lt was an­ overlook one small opportunity, all the way Senator KEATING's charges were immediately nounced, "No news coverage permitted." from Caroline's admittedly attractive ap­ denied by White House sources, but then In other words, if the administration has a pearance, even to the President's appearing subsequently admitted to be generally true. confession to make, they want to make it on forceful in a rocking chair. The latter ac­ I do not believe that our omcial intell1gence a classified basis and not confess their mis­ compllshment, I assure you, required a great sources, either the Central Intell1gence takes to the public. deal of skill. Agency or any branch o! the service, is so When I left Washington, the last episode This very cozy and admittedly effective ineffi.cient or so incapable of performance in this rather sordid tale was an answer from publlc rela.tions presentation of the New that this same information would not have the assistant White House press secretary Frontiersmen suddenly lost some luster been known to the administration spokes­ to a question if Mr. Kennedy had any ex­ after the CUban invasion but ·took a dif­ men. If our m111tary intelligence is so inept, pletives to announce after reading the Ar­ ferent turn during the tense moments last it needs a complete reorganization. It is a thur Krock story. The press secretary's re­ fall during the Cuban crisis. On October sad state of affairs when information· that ply was "Yes, but I wouldn't want to pass 30, Arthur Sylvester, Assistant Secretary of finally a1fects our very national security ·them on to you." The word expletive was Defense for Public Affairs, told reporters must be obtained from voluntary and un­ a new one to me, but its meaning was rather that "news flowing from actions taken by omcial sources, and we are told that these clear from the way it was employed in this the Government 1s part of the weaponry." facts were not known to the milltary or to story. To confirm my interpretation of it, I Reducing this combination of words down the pollcymakers in the administration. did refer to the dictionary. As you might to an· understandable premise means that This list could be added onto almost in­ imagine, the explanation was an "oath" or the Kennedy family had decided it 1s quite deftnitely. But the important point that I "exclamation." In other words, the Prest- all right for thein to use the dignity and want to make is that now responsible people . dent was not favorably impressed by the 1963 . CONGRESSIONAL J,tECORD- SENATE 5177 commen~ m~e about his .administration's making his impossible demand and wild cases, they know that no public or pri­ responsibility in the news, even from a per­ c,harges. Let there be no mistake about that sonal friend. either." vate body is in· existence today which There is one further facet to this entire 4. Chicago Tribune, shortly after the U-2 is devoted to the task of studying con­ matter that I think should be mentioned in incident, quoted Senator Pui.BaloHT: tinuously, systematically, and objec­ connection with the management of · news. . "The American Government's 'attitude of tively all of the captive nations, those in You have read for the past several weeks of smug self-righteousness,' following disclosure Eastern Europe and Asia, including the the objection of administration spokesmen of the U-2 episode, in FuLBRIGHT's opinion, numerous captive nations in the Soviet to the critic~ of responsible Republicans ~must have been unbearably provocative to Union itself. on the handling of the Cuban debacle, the the Soviet Government and contributed sub­ Because their thoughts and sentiments breakdown of the Common Market negotia­ stantially to the violent and intemperate bad are expressive and valuable, I include tions, and the obvious meddling of Mr. .!ten­ manners of Khrushchev in Paris.' " neely 1n the aJralrs of our neighbor Canada. And I have documentation of many other the following responses of our citizens to You have read that the Republicans are such examples. House Resolution 14 in the RECORD: urged not to be critical of the foreign policy Although this is obviously a political MARCH 12, 1963. of thJa adDUnistration and to adhere to the meeting and this is a political speech, I want Hon. HOWARD W. SMITH, prlnclple of a bipartisan foreign policy that to summarize as an American citizen. Chairman, House Rules Committee, New allegedly has been the practice since World The danger to American institutions has House Office Building, Washington, D.O. Wazll. not historically come from a political cam­ DEAR CONGRESSMAN SMITH: We WOUld like Now 1n theory, this sounds rather com­ paign nor a political wrangling that takes it to be on record that we strongly urge you mendable indeed, as we would like to be­ place during any administration. This has to submit to your committee and vote In lieve the old axiom that our political dif­ been the history of our democratic system favor of the Flood resolution (House Resolu­ ferences in this country stop "at the water's since it was founded almost 200 years ago. tion 14). The captive nations that are en­ edge." This would certainly be an ideal The real danger that I see from the distor­ slaved under Russia certainly could use any situation, if it could be attained, and under tion and management of news that has be­ support from our country. certain circumstances it could become a come a symbol of this administration is A special Committee on Captive Nations in reality. On every major foreign poli~y de­ that such manipulation could very easily the House of Representatives would be in­ cision during the Eisenhower administration, mark the beginning to the end of a constitu­ valuable. responsible leaders of the Democratic Party tional guarantee, the freedom of the press. · Please give the Flood resolution your sup­ were briefed and consulted with before a It is a fine line indeed that separates sup­ port. decision had been finally reached or an an­ pression of news, management of the news, · Thank you. nouncement had been finally made. Under and official propaganda doctrine. I would Respectfully yours, such a procedure, there would be a bipartisan hope and I feel confident that the ethical AMERICAN-UKRAINIAN CITIZENS or a nonpartisan foreign policy, because the and moral responsibility of the working press CLUB. minority would have had some responsibility will restore reliable and free news report­ STAMFORD, CONN. in developing this policy. Just because the Ing to all the conventional news media and leaders of the House and Senate are called that one of the great institutions of Amer­ HARTFORD, CoNN., March 12, 1963. down to the White House to be advised of a ica, freedom of the press, will be restored to Hon. HowARD W. SMITH, ' major foreign policy action a few minutes its rightful position in the conscience of this Chairman, House Rules Committee, New before it is given to the press, does not make Nation. House Office Building, Washington, D.O. it a bipartisan foreign policy in any sense of DEAB CONGRESSMAN SMITH; I am taking the the word, but only a slight consideration in liberty in urging you to submit the Flood deference to their position for information. House Resolution 14: Special Committee resolution (House Resolution 14) to vote by Since the development and administra­ your committee. tion of foreign policy is the prerogative of on Captive Nations A Committee on Captive Nations will play the Executive under the Constitution, I can an important role to counteract Soviet propa­ find no fault with the present practice of ganda in regard to equality of human and this administration. But if it is to be made EXTENSION OF REMARKS religious rights of nations now oppressed by solely by the majority party, then the ma­ OF Russian imperialism. jority party and its leaders must take full Guided by. the importance of such a com­ responsibility and not expect to be immune HON. DANIEL J. FLOOD mittee, may I ask for your fav<:>rable support to criticisms for- blunders. OF PENNSYLVANIA to the Flood resolution. And I wonder how long are the memories IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thank you. of some Democrats. You might get the im­ · Respectfully yours, pression from reading news releases from Thursday, March 28, 1963 MYRON W. ZIELYK, Ph. D. Washington that criticism of the Kennedy Mr. FLOOD. Mr. Speaker, on March mistakes in the field of foreign policy is MARCH 12, 1963. 8, 1961, I introduced a measure calling Hon. HOWARD W. SMITH, something entirely new in national politics. for the establishment of a Special Com­ If our memories were no longer than theirs, Chairman, Howte R'/4-Zes Committee, we might initially feel that we had become mittee on Captive Nations in the House New House Office. Building, overly partisan and that our criticism was of Representatives. During the 87th Washington, D.C. not in good taste nor in the public Interest. Congress it was known as House Resolu­ DEAR CONGRESSMAN SMITH; In the interest Just let me comment that the mighty tion 211, and earlier this year I reintro­ of the Ukrainian Congress Committee elephant was not chosen for our party simply duced it and in the present 88th Con­ Branch in Cohoes, I earnestly ask you to by more accident. Elephants are reputed to favorably consider the Flood Resolution gress it is known as House Resolution 14. (House Resolution 14). A Committee on have long and accurate memories, and so it Mr. Speaker, there are not sufficient is the Republicans who recognize them as Captive Nations is very important for us, their emblems. With this capacity to re­ words to express my profound gratitude Americans, at the present time, when every­ member, I would like to submit to you some and personal delight to the more than 20 where Communistic Russia has been calling examples of Democratic bipartisan support Members of the House who joined with for "national liberation" In Africa. and Asia. of foreign policy previous to and during the me in that most stimulating and very We, as a democratic power, have not done 1960 election campaign. Here are just a few: enlightening discussion which took place everything in our abillty to aid the enslaved non-Russian ~ations in their fight for great­ 1. Advisory Council of the Democratic Na­ on the subject of the captive nations­ er freedom. tional Committee, May 5, 1957: "The Eisen­ CoNGRESSIONAL REcORD, volume 107, part A Committee on Captive Nations in the hower-Dulles administration of our foreign 3, "Russian Colonialism and the Neces­ House of Representatives would indeed help affairs has substituted improvisations for sity of a Special Captive Nations Com­ to supply much needed information con­ policy, appeasement for leadership, posturing mittee," pages 3518-3544. cerning the status and want of independence for deeds and advertising slogans for in­ among the captive nations. Added sources formation." · The popular response to House Reso­ of knowledge have proven to be of great 2. John F. Kerinedy, New York, October 20, lution 211, now House Resolution· 14, has value in this particular branch of work. 1960: "• • • under Republican leadership been so enthusiastic and impressive that Therefore, we on·ce again urge you, Con­ our prestige has fallen so low that our Latin I feel dutybound to disclose the thoughts gressman SMITH, to consider and support the American allies are no longer willing to fol­ and feelings of many Americans- who Flood resolution in your Rules Committee. low our leadership in the fight against cmn- Thank you. · munis_m 1n this hemisphere." ·· ·· have taken the time to write me on this subject. These citizens are cognizant of Respectfully yours, 3. Adl"'i Stevenson, May 20~ 1960, io a Cook the basic reasons underlying the .neces­ . . JULIAN BACHYNSKY, County Democratic Committee dinner: "But Secretary, Congress Committee Braltch. we hande_d Khrushchev the crowbar and sity of the proposed committee. They in Cohoes. the sledge hammer to wreck the meeting. understand clearly the vital contribution MicHAm. KtTCHAa, Without our series o~ blund~~s, . :Mr. -Khru­ that such a committee could make to our President, Vkrainian ccmwess Commft­ shchev would not have had a pretext for national security interests. In many tee Branch in Cohoes. 5178 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE March' 28 . . ST. LoUIS, Mo., February 14, 1963. by your committee and ask . you to give it scent to help guide them to those at­ Congressman DANIEL FLOOD, your favorable consideration. tributes which have made America a Congress of the United States, Respectfully yours, citadel of hope for people throughout Washington, D.C. . . Ukrainian National Association Brother­ DEAR CONGRESSMAN FLOOD: I WOUld like to hood No. 150: Walter J. Huska, Presi­ the world. receive from you information re Permanent dent; John Tormesosky, Secretary; Mr. Charles Rozmarek, president of Captive Nations Committee and a resume, if Wierj Saurij, Stanley Smichesko, John the Polish National Alliance, and Mr. possible, of any action (effective action) Nipordnt, Stephen Nekorhuk, Mrs. Edward Kozmor, censor of· this fine fra­ which has been taken to free these slaves Anna Smichesko, Thomas IQnnas, Re:v. ternal organization, have worked ardu­ of the international Communist conspiracy, G. Ans Whaj, Michael W. Janewyy, ously toward helping Alliance College almost one billion of them. Walter W. Kopychak. What is the present status of the Perma- become one of the finest institutions of nent Captive Nations Committee? Who MARCH 19, 1963. higher learning in America. The entire are the members? Hon. DANIEL J. FLOOD, membership of the Polish National Al­ Thank you very much. Old House Office Building, liance joins these two dedicated offi­ Very truly yours, Washington, D.C. cers in-helping provide young Americans D. GRANT. DEAR DAN: Thank you so much for send­ these impressive educational opportuni­ ing me the booklet on the 45th anniver­ ties in a setting just south of Erie, Pa., ST. PAUL, MINN., March 15, 1963. sary of the Ukraine's independence, and I Bon. HOWARD SMITH, surely will make every effort to be on the which inspires great appreciation of Chairman, House Rules Committee, New fioor on March 27 when you discuss the res­ nature's beauty. House Office Building, Washington, D.C. olutions proposing a Special Committee on Alliance College lies in a lovely valley DEAR CoNGRESSMAN SMITH: I am writing to the Captive Nations. of the Allegheny Mountains. Before you in regards to the House Resolution 14, With warm personal regards, I a.m, World War II the free Government of presented by Congressman DANIEL J. FLooD. Sincerely, Poland sent thousands of evergreen sap­ I strongly urge you to present this resolution D. R. MATTHEWS, lings which have grown into giant trees before your committee with your favorable Member of Congress. comment. and transform the entire Alliance Col­ We know that Soviet Russia is our lege campus into a virtual wonderland. enemy. In order to combat the enemy, we It is in this beautiful setting blessed by must know him, his weaknesses especially. Philanthropic Contributions by One Amer­ nature that students pursue their in­ Recent information and statements emanat­ tellectual curiosities. ing from our State Department showed such ican Corporation, the Polish National Alliance College stands today as a liv­ an abysmal ignorance in this respect that it Alliance, Have Benefited American ing monument to the high ideals es­ is simply appalling. We cannot win the cold poused by the Polish National Alliance war with such a knowledge of our enemy. Education in the Amount of More Than An objective and impartial study con­ and its membership. I am certain, Mr. ducted by the Congressional Committee on $5 Million Speaker, that the early Polish settlers Captive Nations will supply the sorely needed who landed with Captain Smith in information which will be of a great help to EXTENSION OF REMARKS Jamestown in 1608 would have found· our State Department in forming a dynamic OF great pride in knowing that some day and winning foreign policy. their successors on the American Conti­ I sincerely urge you, dear Congressman HON. ROMAN C. PUCINSKI nent would make such an impressive SMITH, to submit the House Resolution 14 OF ILLINOIS to vote in your committee with your favor­ contribution to the educational and cul­ able support. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tural growth of America. Sincerely yours, Thursday, March 28, 1963 · Following is a list of contributions MYRNA H. HAYDAK. Mr. PUCINSKI. Mr. Speaker, it is made by the Polish National Alliance to Alliance College. From the time the DEAR CoNGRESSMAN FLooD: I think that all generally agreed among the people of who understand the actual situation In our Nation that our greatest single re­ college was founded until 1929, the Eastern Europe, deeply appreciate your in­ source for the continuance of democracy Polish National Alliance had given the terest in the question of captive nations. is the intellectual capacity of our Na­ college $1,595,190.58. Annual gifts The only way to avoid becoming a "cap­ tion's citizens. thereafter amounted to: tive nation" ourselves is to study the ques­ We Americans have developed institu­ tions and to form a real winning policy. 1930------1931 ______119,985.78 Most sincerely, tions of higher learning which not only 124,496.28 M. H. HAYDAK. manifest the culture of America but also 19331932~------______124,377.04 are a sou:rce of inspiration throughout 1934______116,149.70 HARTFORD, CONN., March 11,1963. the world. · 1935 ______. ______116,995.60 Bon. HowARD W. SMITH, I am very proud to call my colleagues' 1936 ______110,946.34 Chairman, House Rules Committee, New attention to the fact that the Polish 133,449.21 House Office Building, Washington, D.C. 1937------1938______126,229.58 National Alliance, the largest Polish­ 129,032.77 I>EAB CONGRESSMAN SMITH: In the name Of American fraternal organization in the 1939 ______our 250 members we are taking liberty to l940______122,814.03 urge you to submit the Flood resolution world, which has its headquarters in 82,240.37 1941 ______: ____ ~ ------(House Resolution 14) to vote by your com­ Chicago but which has local chapters in 76,497.72 mittee and to give it your favorable opinion. virtually every community of the United 1942------i943 ______76,143.68 80,511.33 Your qualified support to the Flood resolu­ States, has contributed more than $5 1944______81,486.93 tion, Mr. Chairman, will be most gratefully million to Alliance College, which is sup­ 1945 ______1946______83,894.03 appreciated. We thank you. ported by the Polish National Alliance, 85,588.14 - Respectfully yours, i947 ______in Cambridge Springs, Pa. 83,816.48 UKRAINIAN .AMERICAN CITIZEN This vast contribution by the Polish 135,208.75 CLUB IN HARTFORD. 1948------1949______National Alliance to maintain an excel­ 1950______78,650.07 80,515.73 PITTSFIELD, MAss., March 18, 1693. lent institution of higher learning should 1951 ______be a source of satisfaction to all Ameri­ 1952______92,249.08 Hon. HowARD W. SMITH, 123,079.46 Chairman, House Rules Committee, cans. Through its efforts to help Alli­ 1953 ______1954______119,009.70 New House Office Building, ance College, the Polish National Al­ 119,161.12 Washington, D.C. liance manifests an abiding desire to 1955------1956______115,732.92 DEAR CONGRESSMAN SMITH: A Special help maintain educational standards in 1957______164,026.69 Committee on Captive Nations in the House the United States unequaled anyWhere 1958______113,713.40 of Representatives would give our people­ in the world. These impressive contri­ 1959 ______108,363.24 our country-the unbiased truth on the sub­ butions. by the Polish National Alliance 1960______109,360.24 merged nations, which wlll be of enormous 128,765.08 aid in .carrying out foreign and worldwide reflect again what a tremendous impact 1961------19.62______126,244.50 policy, in turn to make this world a better this imposing organization has exerted 143,027.05 place to live ln. on the development of our Nation. We, the underSigned, urge you to submit The Polish National Alliance stands Total from 191' through the Flood resolution (H. Res: 14) to a vote as a beacon for Aniericails of Polish de- I>ec. 31, 1982______5,227,012.62 1963 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 5179 This impressive list of contributions Johnson, former Chairman· of Interstate friendship for· so many people, and his clearly demonstrates how one American Commerce Commission, Gen. Louis years_ of unselfish devotion and work for corporation,· composed largely of the Renfrow, Hon. Earl Cocke, past· national the American Legion, I feel that he has sons and daughters of immigrants from commander, now·a member of the World certainly earned the title of not only a Poland, contributed to America"s educa­ Bank as U.S. rei>resentative, former great American, but justifiably could be tional needs. I trust we can all agree Congressman Tom Miller, of Reno, Nev., given the title of "Mr. American Legion." that so long as private corporations such and countless other Legion officials and Of him and others like Brad Taylor a as the Polish National Alliance continue great Americans. poet once said: contributing toward the educational While he was always doing something Lives of great men all remind us needs of this country, our future is se­ for someone, working unceasingly for the We can make our nves sublime, cure. Only through intellectual achieve­ American Legion, he was made an And, departing, leave behind us ment can Americans demonstrate to the honorary colonel and honorary citizen Footprints on the sands of time. people of the world that indeed our sys­ by the Governors of the States of Ken­ tem of government offers the greatest tucky, Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee, degree of hope for mankind. Texas, Indiana, and Louisiana. In Wis­ consin, he was a member of the Wiscon­ Nothing More Is Needed sin Aeronautics Board, a member of several governmental boards, and a dele­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS Deepest Regret and a Great Loss Is Felt gate in 1958 to the White House Con­ OF ference on National Security. by AU Veterans and Members of the Brad Taylor was born in Rhinelander, HON. MICHAEL A. FEIGHAN American Legion in the Passing of a Wis., in 1895 and attended public schools OF OHIO there, following which he attended the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Truly Great American, ·"Brad" Taylor University of Kansas and the University of Wisconsin. His high sense of patriot­ Thursday, March 28, 1963 EXTENSION OF REMARKS ism and love for his country was clearly Mr. FEIGHAN. Mr. Speaker, one of OF demonstrated when with only one se­ the longstanding events in connection mester remaining to obtain his college with the annual St. Patrick's Day ob­ HON. JAMES H. MORRISON degree, he left college and volunteered in servance in Cleveland, Ohio, is the civic OF LOUISIANA the Army in World War I ending up with luncheon given under the· auspices of the IN TilE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a very distinguished and outstanding Irish Good Fellowship Club. It was my Thursday, March 28,1963 record. Throughout his life this attri­ pleasure to address that gathering of out­ bute characterized his every official act standing Cleveland citizens on March 17.. Mr. MORRISON. Mr. Speaker, I was in public and private life. Under leave previously granted, I insert grieved to learn of the sudden death of Where the United States or the Amer­ in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD the ad­ Bradley R. Taylor, of Rhinelander, Wis., ican Legion was involved, no job was too dress I delivered on that occasion: who during his lifetime probably con­ small or too large for Brad Taylor to It is the custom of the Irish, when in clan tributed more than any other Legion­ attempt. Some of his accomplishments encamped, to speak with candor and frank­ naire to the success and influence of the were not only outstanding but amazing ness, to examine the state of Irish affairs, American Legion. It has been my ex­ and when he thought he was right, he and to recognize the dangers to the common­ treme good fortune to have known and had the tenacity of a bulldog to fight his weal. have the wonderful opportunity to be way to an ultimate and successful We are now in clan encamped. A happy St. Patrick's Day is the password and I pass associated with this outstanding Ameri­ conclusion. it to all here gathered, sons of the clan and can for more than the 20 years that I The American Legion, Rhinelander, their friends. have been in Congress. Wis., and the United States will miss The state of Irish affairs in the American Throughout our association I devel­ Brad Taylor as well as many of my col­ encampment refiects a steady advancement oped a great affection, a great respect, leagues who knew him intimately. We of our welfare, of our opportunities, and of and a great admiration for him as a will all miss him, his inspiration, his our hopes. With this goes a corresponding leader and champion of our American love of life, his devotion to his family increase in our responsibilities for all those things that have made our life in the United way of life. He was one of the most un­ and friends, his courage, his integrity, States such a full and happy one. We accept selfish human beings I have ever known, his effervescent personality, and his dill­ those increased responsib111ties in the same and he worked hard at his private busi­ gent efforts in behalf of the American spirit that we accept the many blessings of ness for twofold purpose: to take care Legion, the organization which he truly life in the United States. We Irish have of the financial needs of his family, and loved. learned well that the good life must be next to provide for his expenses involved When I attended his funeral recently earned and it cannot be maintained without in Rhinelander, Wis., he was mourned by a willingness to sacrifice and to participate in devoting a great deal of time and effort actively in the conduct of our public affairs. to helping the American Legion and hundreds of his townspeople and his It is timely to recall that the Irish began thereby being extremely beneficial in as­ many colleagues with whom he was as­ to participate in our public affairs at the sisting all veterans in their many and sociated in the Congregational Church, earliest point in the history of our Nation. varied problems. His work with the Le­ the Masonic Lodge, the Elks, the Rotary A quick look at the Revolutionary War gion was one of dedication. It was his Club, the American Legion, the Disabled period wlll reveal that at least one-thir.d of main interest and actually his whole life. Veterans of America, and the Veterans Washington's Army was composed of Irish of Foreign Wars. volunteers. He traveled constantly, anywhere and The Irish have always had an unbreakable everywhere, in all parts of the United Mrs. Morrison and I extend to his attachment to the cause of human freedom. States to further the American Legion lovely and devoted wife, his 2 sons and The teachings of St. Patrick left upon them and served on many of its most impor­ daughter, and his 11 grandchildren our the strongest marks of Christian tradition tant committees. deepest sympathy with a feeling that and it was only natural that their feelings He was one of the most modest and the many wonderful memories of Brad about the rights of all men to be free should Taylor will live on forever and be a con­ be foremost in their attitude towards all ·generous persons I have ever known, things. The Irish came to the United States never wanting anything for himself but stant source of comfort to them in the to secure freedom, denied them in their always. wanting to further the work of -days to come. homeland by an allen occupier. They were the American Legion and the veterans Having the friendship of Brad Taylor quick to identify themselves with freedom~ of the United States~ He was held in not only has been a great inspiration that cause in the United States where opportunity the highest esteem by his fellow Legion­ has made me a better Congressman than was given to them and to all others to e~ naires not only in Wisconsin but I would have been, but his friendship ercise it. This they recognized as the great­ est asset of our country and their dedication throughout the United States. Among over the years had a great influence on to it has been complete in each generatio]l. those with whom he was closely associ­ me, made me··a better man. I know And the Irish contribution to our Nation has ated in Legion Work was Col. Roscoe that he has affected so many in the same been noteworthy- in peace as well as war. Turner, one of the most famous fiiers of respect. As I look back over his life, and Life in the United States was not always all times, Hon. Louis Johnson, former realize the great love and devotion for ideal for the Irish. When the heaviest Secretary of Defense, Hon. Monroe his family, his amazing capacity for waves of Irish immigrants reached our 5180 CONGRESSiONAL RECORD - ·SENATE March -28 shores, a wave ot ~iscrimination and ex­ 48 hours that the United states hact won The spirit of. St. Patrick is needed today ploitation broke out against them. On the a decisive victory over the ·nussians, that if we are to turn back and ultimately to whole, they were improver_ished people-;­ the Russian. blUff could not be baclted up, defeat .the hordes of paganism which now many were illiterate, having been denied that their };>luster of rattling ~to.mic bombs ~eaten ·the ramparts of all civilization. the opportunity of learning by th,e allen oc­ was as phony as all their other claims. Nothing less can save us from ·war or political ·cupier of their homeland. This made them - When the victory was won, when we should paralysis, but nothing more is needed to objects of exploitation. At the peak of this have picked up all the marbles, the voices of prevent war and to win a universal peace particular period, employment opportunities accommodation, of weakness, and of faint­ worthy of the name._ of the Irish were llmlted by a campaign of hearted men, ar.gued that the door should prejudice. This took the form of public be left operi for the Russians to make a face­ notices known as NINA-meaning-no saving retreat. Those voices prevailed in the Irish need apply. councils of Government and the victory won Dillon and Stevens Address Textile Under these adverse circumstances the slipped a:way as the Russians used the cloor, Irish did not call out for legislation to re­ .opened for their graceful retreat, as a means Manufacturers move this prejudice. They did not ask to of solidifying their position in Cuba and be recognized as a martyred minority. They to default on their promises made when all EXTENSION OF REMARKS did not cry out discrimination at every turn, the chips were down. rather, they set out to prove their worth to Two weeks ago former President Truman OF the Nation. They wove their worth into the made this astute observation about the fabric of our Nation and they won by the ·manner in which President Kennedy handled HON. HAROLD D. COOLEY sweat of their brows the right of equal op­ the Cuban crisis. I quote: "It again smoked OF NORTH CARO~A portunity, which is all any real Irishman out the Russian capacity for bluff and their IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ever asked for because that was all he ever hit-and-run type of international piracy." Thursday, March 28, 1963 needed. The Russian empire is weak. It is shot The harder the Irish were pressed or through with internal tensions. Ninety mil­ Mr. COOLEY. Mr. Speaker, the abused-yes, persecuted, the greater became lion Russians are sitting atop an empire American Textile Manufacturers Insti­ their mark on any country to which they which is a powder keg ready to explode from tute held its annual meeting last week emigrated, and the countries are many. The the human force of the several hundred mil­ at Hollywood Beach, Fla. Among the ·united States is no exception to their lion non-Russian captives within it. truism of history. The Russian pagans try desperately to distinguished persons to address the Those who contemplate an attack or as­ hide their vulnerabilities from Western eyes. textile manufacturers were the Honor­ sault upon the Irish because of their her­ That is why· they carry on a massive propa­ able Douglas Dillon, Secretary of the itage would do well to remember this lesson ganda program of bluff and buster. That Treasury, and Mr. Robert T. Stevens, of history, and let us, as Irish, never forget propaganda program is devoted to war, the president, J. P. Stevens, Inc., a former that 1f we grow soft and too contented threat of war and the specter of thermonu­ Secretary of the Army and one of the with our lot, unmindful of our public re­ clear desolation. The Russians believe they foremost men in textiles. sponsibll1ties, that assault will surely follow. can frighten the councils of free men, that Human freedom, so dear to the heart of they can impose upon our Nation a political Secretary Dillon presented a clear and the Irish, is in serious jeopardy throughout paralysis marked by indecision, fear to take concise discussion of tax reform, and Mr. the world today. Indeed we are witnessing risks and a willingness to accept accommoda­ Stevens responded with forceful refer­ a world crisis in which the forces of orga­ tion with evil. In my judgment the dangers ences to the present diftlculties of the nized paganism are seeking to overthrow all of political paralysis of freemen are far textile industry resulting from cotton civll1zed life and to turn back the pages of more serious than the dangers of a nuclear pricing policies. With the consent of the history to the age of barbarians. This war. Today we possess what has been dem­ threat emanates from Moscow, the historic House, I am inserting in the RECORD the onstrated to be a frightening superiority over speech delivered by Mr. Dillon and ex­ seat of despotism which has threatened the the Russian pagans. But we have yet to existence of Christia;n Europe for over five demonstrate our willingness to use this cerpts from the remarks of Mr. Stevens: centuries. power as a shield for political action calcu­ REMARKS oF THE HONORABLE DouGLAS DILLON, The world of our times moves from crisis lated to ignite the human powder keg on SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY to crisis. First it is Greece and Turkey, which the Russian empire rests. Last month nearly 5 million Americans then Berlin, then it is Korea, then it is President Kennedy is not only confronted who were actively seeking jobs could not Vietnam, and now it is Cuba. The United by the Russian druids in the Kremlin, he is find them. More than 6 percent of our labor States has been called upon to defend the also confronted with a beachhead of Russian force was unemployed. Those are dark cause of freedom on farfiung_fronts. Until druids in our State Department. The Rus­ statistics, and they cast a long shadow over recent years that struggle seemed a long sian druids in Washington have openly de­ our future-as was made quite clear in the way from our shores. There was a tran­ fended the right of the Russian pagans to recent testimony of President W. P. Gut­ quillty and a comfort of peace in the Western persecute the Christian nations of eastern lander of the National Association of Manu­ Hemisphere which no other part of the world Europe. They have denied, as a matter of facturers before the House Ways and Means enjoyed. Now that peace and tranquility policy, the right of national self-determina­ Committee. President Gullander pointed has been broken by the Russian occupation tion to many great eastern European Chris­ out that, should our economy create new of Cuba and. the direct threat which this tian nations now in Russian bondage. Spe­ jcbs no faster than it has over the past 5 poses to all the nations in the Western cifically, I refer to Ukraine, Georgia, and years, then by 1970 our unemployment rate Hemisphere. Armenia. Concurrently, these same druids would climb to a shocking 12.7 percent. Let us make no mistake about. this prob­ of American foreign policy are asking that This would be the terrible cost, in human lem-cuba is a threat to the security of the the great Christian nations of central Europe terms, of our lagging growth rate-to say United States. The Russians have now es­ such as captive Poland, Hungary, Rumania, nothing of the cost in idle plant capacity, tablished a mll1tary, political, espionage, and Czechoslovakia and others seek an accom­ lower Government revenues, and unrealized propaganda beachhead on all the affairs of modation With the evil forces of communism business profits. the Western Hemisphere. That threat can through what is known as the policy of Such a situation would inevitably create not long be tolerated. political evolution. Those druids of high irresistible pressures for the Federal Govern­ When the Russians were caught red­ policy believe the Russian barbarians are ment to play an increasingly larger role in handed in Cuba, President Kennedy met this the untouchables of international life. our economy to compensate for the failure challenge head on. A sea and air blockade How different was the approach of St. of the private sector to meet the basic needs of Cuba accompanied his demand that the Patrick in his contest with the Druids of of our people. That prospect, I can assure Russians forthwith withdraw from their Ireland. He too was confronted with the you, is no more attractive to those of us in Cuban beachhead. The United States was pagan phllosophy of might makes right and Government than it is to you in private fully prepared to face any consequences re­ to the victor belongs the spoils. The Druids industry. Therefore, the President has pro­ sulting from this action and President Ken­ of Ireland were the high priests of that posed a major overhaul of our outmoded tax nedy warned the Russians that any attempt philosophy. Patrick did not seek accom­ system designed to get our free enterprise on their part to use their Cuban misslles modation with them. His purpose was to system back on the track at full speed so against the United States or any nation of expose them as fakers and to convince their that it can provide more jobs, increased the Western Hemisphere would be met with followers that Christianity was the way of productive capacity, and higher profits. a f-;.lll retaliatory response on the Soviet their salvation. St. Patrick walked this The President's proposal for a broad, top­ Union. It is no exaggeration to say the Presi­ dangerous course alone, With but a handful to-bottom cut in our tax rates has met with dent's stand thoroughly frightened the Rus­ of faithful followers. He knew not fear-he a rem(\rkab~y favorable respome. There is sians whose only real strength is bluff and feared no man or men. He was supremely a growing national consensus that our econ­ blackmail. That is why they lost no time confident in the purpose of his high mission. omy. must be released from the shackles of in admitting their treacherous act and in '!'he Druids once exposed fell from favor and an income tax structure that, having out- promising to withdraw their military equip­ the door was opened for St. Patrick to lead 11ve4 its usefulness in restraining the ln­ ment and forces from CUba under open, on­ the Irish race out of the wilderness of pagan fiatlonary tendencies of wartime, is now site inspection. It was clear in a matter of life. stifiing our growth. For example, during 1963 CON:GI_rnSSIONAL. RECORD- SE:NATE 5181 the month-long public hearings on the Pres· But busine~ will benefit perhaps even to achieve balanced budgets unless our econ­ ident's tax proposals before the House Ways more from other measures in the tax pro­ .omy operates at full capacity, Paradoxical and Means Co~ittee i~ Washi~gton · not gram. -The reductions in personal, rates as it may seem to some, lower tax rates can one single witness has so tar disagreed with wlll lower the taxes of millions of small bring us larger Government revenues from the need.for significant rate cuts. Shice the -firms which operate as individual proprietor­ an economy operating at full speed, than can testimony has been primarily concerned with ships or· partnerships, thus providing these our present repressive rate structure from an the important details. of the tax program, businesses with additional internally gene­ economy that is prevented by that very rate ·such as the manner in which the forth­ rated funds to finance their expansion and structure from ever reaching its full poten­ coming rate reduction should be applied or modernization. In addition, the reductions tial. That is why today true fiscal responsi­ the difficulties involved in various sugges­ in individual rates will raise the incentives bility demands a reduction in our tax burden. tions for structural reform, the remarkable for increased personal e1fort and risk-taking Certainly no one welcomes the prospect of and equally important unanimity of support and will enlarge outside sources of money a deficit in this fiscal year and the next. for significant rate reductions has some­ for business investment-directly through The administration had hoped to present. its times been obscured. As you know, the the stock purchases ·or individuals, and in­ tax program in conjunction with a balanced American Textile Manufacturers Institute directly through their savings deposits and budget. But the growth ·of our economy has joins in this consensus. Such support great­ insurance policies. simply not kept pace with our increased na­ ly eases the always difficult and time-con­ The proposed reductions in the personal tional needs, and particularly with the needs suming task of tax reform. income tax would also greatly increase con­ forced upon us by considerations of national Tax reform is a matter of deep concern to sumer demand which is the basic justifi­ security. It can easily be demonstrated that this administration. One of its very ti.rst cation for any steady and long-range rise if our economy had operated at relatively acts was to recommend a tax credit for new in business 'output. As leaders of an in· full capacity since 1957, the past 5 years investment designed to stimulate business ·dustry which depends heavily upon con­ would have shown an overali budget surplus, modernization ·and expansion-a credit that sumer demand, you are particularly well rather than the $30 billion deficit we have would help to give American businessmen the aware of how strongly business investment actually incurred. same sort of tax incentives long enjoyed by decisions turn upon present sales volumes The administration has presented its tax many of their foreign competitors. You will and future sales prospects. Several weeks reduction program together with a budget recall the surprising difficulties · we encoun­ ago _in Philadelphia, the president of Botany for fiscal year 1964 in which civ111an pro­ tered in obtaining acceptance of this concept, Industries predicted that if the proposed grams were stringently held below the levels which was new to our tax system, but had tax cuts become e1fective by July 1 of this of the current fiscal year. The entire budget well proved its worth to our competitors year they could well result in a boom year increase was in response to the demands of overseas. Your support was crucial in writ­ for consumer goods industries. In fact, if defense, space, and interest on the national ing the investment credit into law. as a result of the proposed tax program our debt-demands which have accounted for Coming from an enterprising and for­ economy approaches estimated levels of full nearly 73 percent of the total expenditure ward looking industry such as yours, sup­ employment output, then by the first quarter increases that have occurred during this port for a new concept was no surprise. of 1966 we could expect annual personal con­ administration. The President has also ac­ The vitality of the textile industry has been sumption expenditures for clothing and companied his tax proposals with a firm com­ amply demonstrated during the past year shoes to be $2 to $2.5 billion, or some 7 mitment that, as the tax cut becomes effec­ by its quick reaction to depreciation reform percent higher than it would otherwise be. tive and the economy expands in response, and the investment credit. You will recall But to describe separately the impact of a substantial part of the resulting revenue that the Treasury, in accordance with the rate reductions upon consumer demand and - increases must go toward eliminating budg­ President's desire to give special attention investment incentives ignores the fact that, etary deficits until balance is once more to your difficult problems, put more liberal in our complex economy, these reductions achieved. depreciation rates into e1fect for the tex­ would interact continually upon each other. This program of expenditure control is an tile industry in the fall of 1961, 9 months Increased consumer demand creates greater integral part of the President's tax recom­ before the promulgation of the overall investment which, in turn, creates additional mendations. It is a practical program to reform. jobs and profits and further demand for both seek out and eliminate · soft spots in the Your response was dramatic. Your ex­ consumer goods and investment. Through budget. This is the responsible way to cut pend~tures during 1962 on new plant and this kind of interaction the President's tax spending. It contrasts sharply with the ex­ equipment, excluding apparel, were $110 program would release within the economy travagant claims we have recently been million, or 22 percent higher than in the its own inherent powers for expansion and hearing so much of--claims that meat ax previous year, whereas in the Nation's manu­ would reinvigorate the marketplace-the budget cuts are possible; claims that have facturing industries as a whole expendi­ prime mover in our economic growth. a habit of vanishing into thin air when the tures increased by only 7 percent. And for Our economy is undeniably growing, and time for action comes. the current quarter, your estimates of capital we have made genuine progress over the past The President is making good on his pledge. expenditures total $150 million-15 percent 2 years. But we are gaining far too little He is already translating it into action. or $20 million higher than your actual ex­ ground toward our goal of a full employment Since the submission of his 1964 budget only penditures in the first quarter of last year, economy at near capacity levels. Last year, 2 months ago, he has sent to the Congress again compared to a 7-percent increase for for example, we set new records in nearly revisions which reduce his fiscal year 1964 all manufacturing industries. every area of aggregate economic activitJ. requests by $126 million, and his 1963 re­ And now. following your lead, manufac­ Yet, in e1fect, we marked time in our rates quests by $236 million, or a total reduction turing industries as a whole are beginning of employment and capacity utilization. of $362 million. These substantial cuts to respond to depreciation reform and · the Our record of five postwar recessions-two stand in sharp contrast to the recent action investment credit. Corporate appropria­ within the past 5 years-should drive home of the House of Representatives in increasing tions and new orders for all types of plant the fact that we cannot continue indefinitely the authorization for defense expenditures and equipment are mounting, foreshadow­ at our present rate of growth without in­ over and above the President's recommenda­ ing an early and substantial increase in creasing the risk of recession and magnifying tions. overall plant and equipment expenditures. its impact should it occur. Certainly no one Built into the tax program itself are two But important as they are, and wlll con­ would predict a recession in the near future. vital safeguards again an excessive budgetary tinue to be, depreciation reform and the But it would be a foolhardy man indeed who impact: the phasing of the program over a investment credit were only a significant would rashly refuse to provide against its 3-year period, and the revenue-raising re­ first step in the administration's e1forts to occurrence. Such provision is inherent in forms. As a result of these two measures-­ achieve a free market economy that could the President's tax program by the very fact and particularly the reforms--the tax pro­ perform more nearly and more consistently that it o1fers a strong and permanent stimu­ gram is able to o1fer rate reductions far at capacity levels. lus to the forces for growth within the larger than would otherwise be acceptable. Consider, for a moment, the direct e1fect economy. The way to achieve the largest possible of the President's tax program on the in­ For that reason, also, the President's tax rate cuts-and thus the greatest economic centives for business investment: The com­ program o1fers us an essential element ·of stimulus--within the limits of fiscal respon­ bined e1!ect of the 7-percent investment any long-range, realistic answer to the prob­ sib111ty, is to combine them with base­ credit anr.l depreciation reform was to lower lem of Federal deficits. For, if we have broadening tax reforms. · And that is exactly business tax liabilities by a total of $2.5 learned anything from our postwar economic what the President's program will do. The blllion. President Kennedy's proposal io record, we have learned that our deficits re­ only fiscally responsible alternative-as I lower the corporate tax rate from 52 to 47 sult more from underproduction by the econ­ pointed out to the House ·ways and :Means percent by 1965 will reduce those liab111ties omy than from spending by the Government. Committee, and as was so clearly recognized by another $2.5 billion. This· total reduc­ In flscal1959, to cite an extreme example, an in the recommendations submitted on your tion of $5 billlon a year in business tax anticipated budget surplus of $466 million behalf by Mr. C. E. Connelly, chairman of liabilities will not only increase cash flow, became, as a result of a recession, an actual your tax committee-would be a substan­ but will also increase ·the profitability of deficit of $12.4 billion. 'tially smaller reduction in rates than the business, hence o1fering a strong double The lesson is clear: With our heavy bur­ President has recommended. Whether 'at stimulus to the incentives for investment den of free world leadership in the cold the bottom of the scale, at the top, in the that are the very foundation Of our market war-a war that only last fall threatened to middle,· or all along, tax rates simply could economy. - · · - grow very hot indeed-we simply cannot hope not come down as .much as we had hoped. -5182 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE April 1 While talking of structural reforms, I it can generate a strong upward lift through­ hea,rd for the first time as you made them in should also point out that many of th~ re­ out our economy, whtle still adhering to-the their reference to the commitment of the forms-those, for example, that inv~lve in· requirements of fiscal responsibility. President to budgetary and fiscal policy. I come-averaging, deductibility of moving Through a balanced combination ot·· In­ like them and believe in them exactly as you exJ>enses, more favorable tax treatment of creased incentives to invest, and increased have said them for us. expenditures on equipment used in research consumer demand, it wm !Mlrmit our citiZens I think, however, in this presence it 1s not and development--would either relieve hard­ to produce more, earn more, buy more, and out of order in the most respectful manner, ship or encourage economic growth. invest more. In this way it can set us well Mr. Secretary, to say and express the hope In addition, when we consider tax revision on the way toward achieving our major that you will carry back with you the fact ·we cannot lightly dismiss the ever-present long-range economic aim: a tree market that there are Presidential commitments in need for equity and simplicity. A number economy which utilizes all of its abundant respect to the problems of this industry. of the provisions in our current tax code resources of men, money, and machines, and Personally I am deeply satisfied the President are justified primarily by our oppressively which offers to every American the incen­ intends to carry these out, but many others high rate structure. Since lower rates would tives and the opportunities to prosper in in this room will join me in feeling that it remove the main reason for their existence, accordance with his capacities. is surprising, if not astonishing, that the we have recommended that they be modified Chief Executive Officer of our great country, or repealed. the President of the United States, has been EXCERPTS FROM REMARKS BY ROBERT T. unable for one reason or another, to carry The President's program represents a fair STEVENS balance between the goals of revenue, growth, out up to this time, the commitments which Mr. Secretary, permit me to say once more he made in good faith and which he stands equity, and simplicity. It does not satisfy how honored we are to have you with us and those who have long recommended far-reach­ behind today and which are now approach­ we know, certainly I know, and appreciate Ing the 2-year-old mark. So that I sin­ ing reforms that would radically alter the your efforts looking toward a more dynamic cerely hope, Mr. Secretary, you can carry nature of our tax system. Neither does it American economy in the overall picture of . back with you the respectful, the construc­ satisfy those who have cried for a "quickie" the world situation as being in the final tive and the sincere thinking- of this group tax cut with no consideration for anything analysis the best defense not only of the of people in the textile business that we do else. The President's program is a rounded United States but also of the free world. have the faith. We know he will discharge program, a moderate program. Coupled I would like if I may to make an observa­ this obligation. But, frankly, Rome is burn­ with firm but realistic expenditure control, tion in regard to your remarks which I have ing.

attacks upon the Communist regime in essary for the provision to be made a HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Cuba. "permanent part of the Internal Revenue Are we to be in the fantastic position Code• . its effect wa.s limited to referen­ MoNDAY, APRIL 1, 1963 of not only eliminating the possibility dums taking ·place in the calendar year The House met at 12 o'clock noon. of invading Cuba ourselves, but also of 1962. The Chaplain, Rev. Bernard Braskamp, insuring that the Cuban patriots will A similar organization, known as the D.D., offered the following prayer: not be allowed to liberate themselves? Ohio Citizens Better Courts Committee, Are we to abandon permanently the Inc., has been incorporated to promote a Isaiah 50: 7: The Lord God will help freedom-craving people of Cuba? program of judicial reform in the State us, therefore we shall not be confounded. The United States accepted the prin· of Ohio. Insofar a.s I know, the situa­ 0 Thou God of all grace and goodness. ciple of sanctuary when we allowed the tion is in all respects similar to that we rejoice that Thou art always willing Red Chinese to. attack us from across which led to the enactment of the provi­ and able to aid the vast multitudes who the Yalu River in Korea. We accept the sion last year. In order that the judi­ feel that they are victims in the relent­ principle of sanctuary in South Vietnam cial reform movement might have the less grip of a conspiracy of wicked cir­ when we allow the Communists to es­ same treatment in the State of Ohio, 1 cumstances. cape across the border into North Viet­ am introducing a bill to extend the We earnestly beseech Thee to give Thy nam. The aggressors in Angola were amendment embodied in section 29 of the strength to those who are bearing heavy permitted to escape across the Congo Revenue Act of 1962, to referendums burdens and Thy sympathy to hearts River into the Congo Republic. When occurring during the calendar year 1963. that are throbbing with an aching lone­ France was locked in confiict in Algeria, I am advised that in addition to Ohio, liness. they permitted the revolutionaries sanc­ there are also several other States where Grant that we also may help man­ tuary in Tunisia. And, finally, Cuba similar programs are under considera­ kind cultivate faith and fortitude In has been established as the Communist tion. The amendment would likewise be order that the strain and stress of life sanctuary from which to subvert an of helpful to the movement in those States. may be more tolerable for them. South and Central America. May we aspire to make a worthy con­ What a double standard we have. tribution to the moral and spiritual COMMITTEE ON BANKING AND welfare of our beloved country. enapllng CURRENCY it to be triumphant in these days of JUDICIAL REFORM trouble and confusion. Mr. BETTS. Mr. Speaker. I ask unan­ Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker. on be­ Hear us in Christ's name. Amen. Imous consent to extend my remarks at half of the gentleman from Texas [Mr. this point 1n the RECORD. PATMAN]. I ask unanimous consent that The SPEAKER. Is there objection the Committee on Banking and CUrrency THE JOURNAL to the request. of the gentleman from may sit during general debate today. The Journal of the proceedings of Ohio? The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Thursday, March 28, 1963, was read and the request of the gentleman from Okla­ There was no objection. homa? approved. Mr. BETTS. Mr. Speaker, in the 87th Congress there was enacted as section 29 There was no objection. SANCTUARY FOR CUBAN PATRIOTS of the Revenue Act of :i962 a provision permittmg a deduction under section 170 THE CONSENT CALENDAR Mr. STINSON. Mr. Speaker, I ask of the Internal Revenue Code for con­ unanimous consent to address the House tributions made after December 31, 1961, The SPEAKER. This is the day for for 1 minute. to. nonprofit organizations supporting or calling the Consent Calendar. The The SPEAKER. Is there objection opposing the reorganization of the State Clerk will call the first bill on the calen­ to the request of the gentleman from judiciary in referendums to be held dur­ dar. Washington? ing the calendar year 1962. The pur­ There wa.s no objection. pose of the legislation wa.s to permit the APDITIONAL QOMPENSATION FOR ~.STINSON. Mr. Speaker, it is dis­ deduction of contributions to nonprofl.t turbing to me that the United States is organizations which had been established · DEAFNESS-IN :BOTH EARS taking measures to prevent cUban pa:­ in Dlinois and other States seeking to . Th~ Cl~rk called the bill (H.R.l99) to triots from taking sanctuary in any reorganize and improve their judicial amend title 38 of the United States Code area of the Carribbean after launching systems. Since it was not deemed nee- to provide additional compensation for