District Columbia

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PUBLIC EDUCATION

FACILITIES MASTER PLAN for the Appendices B - I DISTRICT of COLUMBIA

Ayers Saint Gross Architects + Planners | Fieldng Nair International

TABLE OF CONTENTS

APPENDIX A: School Listing (See Master Plan)

APPENDIX B: DCPS and Charter Schools Listing By Neighborhood Cluster ...... 1

APPENDIX C: Complete Enrollment, Capacity and Utilization Study ...... 7

APPENDIX D: Complete Population and Enrollment Forecast Study ...... 29

APPENDIX E: Demographic Analysis...... 51

APPENDIX F: Cluster Demographic Summary...... 63

APPENDIX G: Complete Facility Condition, Quality and Efficacy Study...... 157

APPENDIX H: DCPS Educational Facilities Effectiveness Instrument (EFEI)...... 195

APPENDIX I: Neighborhood Attendance Participation...... 311

Cover Photograph: Capital City Public Charter School by Drew Angerer

APPENDIX B: DCPS AND CHARTER SCHOOLS LISTING BY NEIGHBORHOOD CLUSTER Cluster Cluster Name DCPS Schools PCS Schools Number

• Oyster-Adams Bilingual School (Adams) Kalorama Heights, Adams (Lower) 1 • Education Strengthens Families (Esf) PCS Morgan, Lanier Heights • H.D. Cooke Elementary School • Marie Reed Elementary School • AppleTree Early Learning PCS - Columbia Heights • Bancroft Elementary School • Carlos Rosario International PCS • Benjamin Banneker Senior High School • Cesar Chavez PCS: Bruce Prep Campus • Bruce-Monroe Elementary School at • Creative Minds PCS Columbia Heights, Mt. Pleasant, Park View • DC Bilingual PCS - Columbia 2 Pleasant Plains, Park View • Cardozo Senior High School • DC Bilingual PCS - 14th Street • Columbia Heights Education Campus • E.L. Haynes PCS - Georgia Avenue • Meyer Elementary School • LAYC Career Academy PCS • Tubman Elementary School • Shining Stars Montessori Academy PCS • The Next Step - El Proximo Paso PCS • YouthBuild LAYC PCS • Booker T. Washington PCS for the Technical • Cleveland Elementary School Howard University, Le Droit Park, Arts 3 • Shaw Middle School at Garnet- Cardozo/Shaw • Howard University Middle School PCS Patterson • Meridian PCS • Hyde-Addison Elementary School 4 Georgetown, Burleith/Hillandale • Duke Ellington School of the Arts • Hardy Middle School • Francis-Stevens Education Campus 5 West End, Foggy Bottom, GWU • School Without Walls Senior High School, Dupont Circle, Connecticut 6 • Ross Elementary School • Mundo Verde PCS Avenue/K Street • Garrison Elementary School • Center City PCS: Shaw Campus 7 Shaw, Logan Circle • Seaton Elementary School • Community Academy PCS - Butler Bilingual • Shaw Junior High School • KIPP DC: Grow, Lead, WILL Downtown, Chinatown, Penn • Walker Jones Education Campus 8 Quarters, Mount Vernon Square, • BASIS DC PCS • Thomson Elementary School North Capitol Street Southwest Employment Area, • Amidon-Bowen Elementary School • AppleTree Early Learning PCS - Amidon 9 Southwest/Waterfront, Fort • Jefferson Middle School • AppleTree Early Learning PCS - Riverside McNair, Buzzard Point Hawthorne, Barnaby Woods, 10 • Lafayette Elementary School Chevy Chase • Deal Middle School Friendship Heights, American • H.D. Woodrow Wilson Senior High 11 University Park, Tenleytown School • Janney Elementary School North Cleveland Park, Forest 12 • Murch Elementary School Hills, Van Ness Spring Valley, Palisades, Wesley • Key Elementary School 13 Heights, Foxhall Crescent, Foxhall • Mann Elementary School Village, Georgetown Reservoir

2 Cluster Cluster Name DCPS Schools PCS Schools Number

Cathedral Heights, McLean 14 • Stoddert Elementary School Gardens, Glover Park • Eaton Elementary School Cleveland Park, Woodley Park, • Hearst Elementary School 15 Massachusetts Avenue Heights, • Oyster-Adams Bilingual School (Oyster) Woodland-Normanstone Terrace (Upper Colonial Village, Shepherd Park, 16 • Shepherd Elementary School North Portal Estates • Capital City PCS • Center City PCS: Brightwood Campus • Coolidge Senior High School • Latin American Montessori Bilingual PCS 17 Takoma, Brightwood, Manor Park • Takoma Education Campus (LAMB) - Missouri Ave • Whittier Education Campus • Paul PCS • Roots PCS • Bridges PCS • Barnard Elementary School • Center City PCS: Petworth Campus • Brightwood Education Campus • Community Academy PCS - Amos I • MacFarland Middle School • Community Academy PCS - Amos II • Powell Elementary School • Community Academy PCS - Online Brightwood Park, Crestwood, 18 • Raymond Education Campus • E.L. Haynes PCS - Kansas Avenue Petworth • Roosevelt Senior High School • Hospitality Senior High PCS • Sharpe Health School • Washington Latin PCS: Middle School Campus • Truesdell Education Campus (Decatur) • West Education Campus • Washington Latin PCS: Upper School Campus (Upshur) Lamont Riggs, Queens Chapel, • LaSalle-Backus Education Campus • Hope Community PCS: Lamond Campus 19 Fort Totten, Pleasant Hill • Mamie D. Lee School • Ideal Academy PCS • Elsie Whitlow Stokes Community Freedom PCS • Brookland Education Campus at North Michigan Park, Michigan • Inspired Teaching Demonstration PCS 20 Bunker Hill Park, University Heights • Potomac Lighthouse PCS • Brookland • Washington Yu Ying PCS • Dunbar Senior High School • Community Academy PCS - Amos III • Emery Elementary School • DC Prep: Edgewood Elementary Campus Edgewood, Bloomingdale, • Langley Educational Campus 21 • DC Prep: Edgewood Middle Campus Truxton Circle, Eckington • McKinley Technology Senior High • Hope Community PCS: Tolson Campus School • William E. Doar Junior PCS: NE Campus • Shaed Education Campus • Burroughs Education Campus • Langdon Education Campus • Mary McLeod Bethune Day Academy PCS 22 Brookland, Brentwood, Langdon • Luke C. Moore Academy Senior High • Perry St. Prep PCS (Upper and Lower) School • Tree of Life Community PCS • Noyes Education Campus • Browne Education Campus • Hamilton (Youth Services Center) • Center City PCS: Trinidad Campus Ivy City, Arboretum, Trinidad, • Phelps Architecture, Construction, and 23 • Washington Math, Science & Technology PCS Carver Langston Engineering Senior High School (WMST) • Spingarn Senior High School • Wheatley Education Campus

3 Cluster Cluster Name DCPS Schools PCS Schools Number

Woodridge, Fort Lincoln, • Friendship PCS - Woodridge Elementary & 24 • Marshall Elementary School Gateway Middle • Capitol Hill Montessori at Logan • Eliot-Hine Middle School • J.O. Wilson Elementary School • Ludlow-Taylor Elementary School • AppleTree Early Learning PCS - Oklahoma Ave. • Miner Elementary School • Friendship PCS - Blow-Pierce Elementary & Union Station, Stanton Park, • Peabody Elementary School (Capitol 25 Middle Kingman Park Hill Cluster) • Options PCS - Middle and High School • Prospect Learning Center • Two Rivers PCS - Upper and Lower • School-Within-A-School at Logan • Stuart-Hobson Middle School (Capitol Hill Cluster) • Washington Metropolitan High School • Brent Elementary School • AppleTree Early Learning PCS - Lincoln Park • Eastern Senior High School • Center City PCS: Capitol Hill Campus • Payne Elementary School, Tyler • Cesar Chavez PCS: Capitol Hill Campus 26 Capitol Hill, Lincoln Park Elementary School • Friendship PCS - Chamberlain Elementary & • Watkins Elementary School (Capitol Middle Hill Cluster) • St. Coletta Special Education PCS 27 Near Southeast, Navy Yard • Van Ness Elementary School • Eagle Academy PCS- New Jersey Avenue • Ketcham Elementary School 28 Historic Anacostia • Wilkinson Elementary School • Early Childhood Academy PCS - Johenning 29 Eastland Gardens, Kenilworth • Kenilworth Elementary School Campus • Cesar Chavez PCS: Parkside Campus • DC Scholars Mayfair, Hillbrook, Mahaning • Smothers Elementary School 30 • Friendship PCS - Collegiate Academy Heights • Thomas Elementary School • Latin American Montessori Bilingual PCS (LAMB) - Michigan Park Campus • Aiton Elementary School • Burrville Elementary School • Drew Elementary School • Arts & Technology Academy PCS Deanwood, Burrville, Grant Park, 31 • Houston Elementary School • IDEA- Integrated Design and Electronic Lincoln Heights, Fairmont Heights • Kelly Miller Middle School Academy PCS • Ronald H. Brown Middle School • Woodson Senior High School, • DC Prep: Benning Campus • Kimball Elementary School River Terrace, Benning, • Richard Wright PCS 32 • River Terrace Elementary School Greenway, Dupont Park • School for Educational Evolution and • Sousa Middle School Development (SEED) PCS • C.W. Harris Elementary School • KIPP DC: KEY, LEAP, Promise • Davis Elementary School • Maya Angelou PCS: Evans High School Capitol View, Marshall Heights, 33 • Fletcher-Johnson Education Campus • Maya Angelou PCS - Evans Middle Benning Heights • Nalle Elementary School • Maya Angelou PCS-Young Adult Learning • Plummer Elementary School Center • Anacostia Senior High School Twining, Fairlawn, Randle • Beers Elementary School 34 Highlands, Penn Branch, Fort • Kramer Middle School • Howard Road Academy PCS - Penn Ave Davis Park, Fort Dupont • Orr Elementary School • Randle Highlands Elementary School Fairfax Village, Naylor Gardens, 35 • Winston Education Campus Hillcrest, Summit Park

4 Woodland/Fort Stanton, Garfield • Garfield Elementary School 36 Heights, Knox Hill • Stanton Elementary School

Cluster Cluster Name DCPS Schools PCS Schools Number

• Excel Academy PCS • KIPP DC: AIM, College Prep, Discover, Heights Sheridan, Barry Farm, Buena • Moten Elementary School • Howard Road Academy PCS - Howard Road 37 Vista • Savoy Elementary School • Howard Road Academy Middle PCS - MLK Ave • Septima Clark PCS • Thurgood Marshall Academy PCS • Green Elementary School • John Hayden Johnson Middle School • AppleTree Early Learning PCS - Douglas Knoll 38 Douglas, Shipley Terrace • Malcolm X Elementary School • AppleTree Early Learning PCS -Parkland • Turner Elementary School • Achievement Preparatory Academy PCS • Center City PCS: Congress Heights Campus • Ballou Senior High School • Eagle Academy PCS - The Eagle Center at • Ferebee-Hope Elementary School McGoney • Hart Middle School • Early Childhood Academy PCS - Walter • Hendley Elementary School Congress Heights, Bellevue, Washington Campus 39 • King Elementary School Washington Highlands • Friendship PCS - Southeast Elementary • M.C. Terrell/McGogney Elementary Academy School • Friendship PCS- Technology Preparatory • Patterson Elementary School Academy • Simon Elementary School • Imagine Southeast PCS • National Collegiate Preparatory PCS 40 Walter Reed 41 Rock Creek Park 42 Observatory Circle 43 Saint Elizabeths 44 Joint Base Anacostia-Bolling • Leckie Elementary School 45 National Mall, Potomac River National Arboretum, Anacostia 46 River

APPENDIX C: Complete Enrollment, Capacity and Utilization Study ADEQUATE SPACE TO SUPPORT QUALITY EDUCATION PROGRAMS

PREMISE PURPOSE The Master Facilities Plan is meant to guide strategic This chapter on Capacity and Utilization concentrates facilities improvements so the District can provide on how much space is available, how many students are families with a choice of high quality schools close to in the public education system and how much space their homes. Currently, District families have many is utilized by students. Specifically, the Capacity and school choices outside of their neighborhoods, including Utilization chapter answers the following questions: charter schools and a variety of DC Public Schools »» Where and how many students attend DCPS and (DCPS). This aim of the Master Facilities Plan is aligned charter schools? with many existing District policies, including the »» What is the current capacity of charter and DCPS following: school facilities?

»» The Mayor’s initiative of “One City, One Future,” »» Is there alignment between facility capacity and ensuring every child in every neighborhood has student enrollment? access to high quality facilities. »» How much space is being utilized to support »» The policy of high quality school facilities current enrollment? contributing to the quality of the neighborhood. »» How many students could be served in the »» The concept of high quality school facilities, current space? both DCPS and charter schools, supporting high quality education programs and offering parents »» Is space located appropriately to meet current more choices regardless of their income or demand? access to transportation.

8 population is made even more complex by the DCPS DEFINING CAPACITY open enrollment policy of allowing students to attend AND UTILIZATION schools of choice outside of their neighborhoods. In order to utilize public resources most efficiently and effectively, it is critical that the Master Facilities Plan The size and location of charter schools’ facility inventory consider the capacity, or the amount of space available is impacted by the facilities available either through citywide, in each neighborhood and each school to serve the request for offers (RFO) process or through lease or the educational needs of the District’s students. purchase. Therefore, charter schools are also challenged to locate and size schools according to demand, as they Capacity is measured by the number of students that may not have access to facilities in areas of high demand a facility can serve based on a school’s program, the or the facilities available may be too large or small for the amount of space available, and classroom standards. student population they intend to serve. “Utilization” means the degree to which the enrollment is either below capacity or greater than capacity. CAPACITY

Although this analysis examines capacity and utilization The analysis of the space available per student (square for both DCPS and charter schools, it is important to foot or SF/student) can indicate the efficiency of note differences in the mandates and operation of the buildings and the extent to which buildings are DCPS and charters that affect capacity and utilization, overcrowded or under-enrolled. An understanding of and make direct comparisons quite complex. DCPS is a capacity is critical to developing a plan that allocates neighborhood-based school system that is mandated space fairly and effectively, and makes the most of to provide a seat for every child in his or her respective existing assets. neighborhood. Public charter schools are structured DCPS capacity is derived from 2003 and 2012 program to serve as many students as they are able or as they capacity analyses commissioned by DCPS. The 2012 choose to serve from all over the District. In addition, capacity is used wherever possible and final capacity DCPS schools have tended to provide a wide range of data was confirmed by DCPS for all schools to reflect co-curricular and extra- curricular facilities, such as current programming. Program capacity is the number athletic and assembly spaces, while charter schools of students that the school building can serve given are much more varied in the amount space dedicated its current educational programming. Whereas design to co-curricular and extra-curricular programs. The capacity simply counts the number of seats available capacity of each charter school is affected by many per classroom in the building, program capacity counts issues outside of facility capacity, including staffing, the number of seats according to the way each space is educational programming and funding. For DCPS, the used. For example, if a classroom originally designed for size and location of its facility inventory is affected by 20 is used as special education space for 8, the capacity is many buildings designed from 50 to 100 years ago for a counted as 8. different size of school population, a different geographic pattern of enrollment and different methods of teaching Charter capacity is derived using self-reported capacity and learning. The alignment of facility to school numbers from the Public Charter School Board (PCSB).

9 When not available, a proxy for charter capacity course offerings. It is also important to ensuring there numbers was created by combining the charter are not so many students that specialized spaces must enrollment numbers plus the additional open seats be used as classrooms, thereby reducing course offerings available for each school (as reported by each individual and programming. charter school). Given the wide range of facility types and programs among charter schools, this data is the most reliable of the available information to indicate FACTS AND the number of students each charter could support. However, self-reported capacity for each charter is BENCHMARKING influenced by a range of factors beyond facility, including FACILITY INVENTORY staffing, funding and educational programs. Therefore, charter capacity should be considered for the purposes DC Public Schools of this study as an indicator of how many students that As of October 2012, DCPS has 13.8 million gross square the school as an institution could support, and not feet (GSF) of space in 119 active school buildings, with necessarily how many students that the current facilities a program capacity of approximately 60,020 students. could or should support. In addition, the system has 1.2 million GSF in 10 vacant To provide a common metric for understanding buildings, with capacity for an additional 5,900 students. available space, an analysis consisting of two metrics The schools targeted in the 2012 DCPS closures and was undertaken for both charters and DCPS. The first consolidation are not included in this vacant category. metric is the measurement of the square feet available Compared to the 2011 audited DCPS student enrollment per student based on the designed facility capacity. The data, there is an excess of 23,500 seats in the existing second consists of the measurement of square feet per DCPS facility inventory. This number includes the space student enrollment. available in currently vacant buildings. The number of excess seats in the active inventory accounts for 17,600 UTILIZATION excess seats. This analysis determines the degree to which a facility is enrolled, either under or above capacity. Utilization, Public Charter Schools as defined for this analysis, is the enrollment of the As of October 2012, charter schools utilize 4.2 million GSF school divided by the capacity of a facility expressed as of space in 95 facilities, with a total self-reported capacity a percentage. For example, many DCPS facilities are 50 of approximately 40,000 students. to 75 percent utilized, indicating that the enrollment is below the number of students the facility could potentially serve. DCPS and Charter Schools Combined and Compared An understanding of utilization is critical to ensuring that Within the District’s total public education facility there is a critical mass of students to support high quality inventory, which combines DCPS and charter school programming and an appropriate range of elective facilities, there are 18 million GSF in 223 schools serving 77,500 students.

10 Very clear differences between DCPS and charter schools’ school size and building size are evident within SPACE PER STUDENT To understand the fit between student enrollment and the inventory. For example, the average size of a the space available in facilities, the gross square feet per DCPS elementary school facility is 71,800 square feet student based on current enrollment and capacity was with capacity for about 400 students, whereas the analyzed (Figure C.1). Gross square feet (GSF) was used average size of a charter elementary school facility is as opposed to net square feet (NSF) or assignable square 28,000 square feet and serves 330 students. Since feet (ASF) so that a comparison could be made between DCPS is required to provide a seat for every child in the total space available in facilities, regardless of the the city and charter school size is determined by many efficiency of design or use of space. factors beyond facility, each system has to utilize space differently and strategically. DCPS must maintain The significance of GSF/student is both programmatic enough inventory to support a fluid and dynamic and financial. If there is not enough GSF per student, enrollment. On the other hand, the finances of each facilities may not have the space to support education charter school limit the amount of space each can afford programming, particularly specialties like art, music, to operate, thereby setting capacity. science and athletics. If there is too much GSF per student, the District of Columbia is paying to maintain

GSFGSF per per Enrolled Enrolled Student Student v.v. GSFGSF per StudentStudent Capacity Capacity

650 600 DCPS PCS 550 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0

SF per Enrolled Student SF per Student Capacity Figure C.1

11 DCPS

and operate more building area than is needed. The average GSF per enrolled student breaks down by school type as follows (Figure C.2): Given the specialized space needs of DCPS special » education and adult education facilities, this analysis » Elementary School: 243 SF/student: focuses on DCPS elementary schools, middle schools, ›› DCPS Standard for New Construction and 1 high schools and the few education campuses. For Modernization 150 SF/ student charter schools, the analysis focuses on elementary ›› National Average2: 77-147 SF/ student schools, middle schools, high schools, PK/K-8 education »» Middle School: 436 SF / student: campuses and PK/K-12 education campuses, and › excludes special education and adult education facilities › DCPS Standard for New Construction and Modernization : 170 SF/ student given their specialized space needs. ›› National Average 114-212 SF/ student

When looking at GSF per student, it is important to note ›› ES-MS Education Campus: 256 SF/student that the GSF per student tends to increase for middle ›› ES-HS Education Campus: 270 SF/ student school and high schools, as spaces like large gymnasiums and associated support spaces become more prevalent. »» High School: 408 SF / student Gymnasiums require more GSF although they do not ›› DCPS Standard for New Construction and tend to increase a school’s capacity because of their Modernization : 192 SF/ student

occasional use. Charter schools typically do not have ›› National Average 123-211 SF/ student access to such large spaces, so the GSF per student tends 1 to be based on more efficient spaces like classrooms. Design Guidelines | District of Columbia Public Schools, 2009, pg 2000-1 Additionally, given the wide range of education 2 programming in the District in both DCPS and charter Wohlers, Art. “Gross Square Feet per Student”, Council of Education schools, there is not a single GSF per student that is Facilities Planners, Issuetrak, November 2005. ideal or appropriate for every school. However, GSF per student puts all schools on equal footing regardless DCPS Analysis of academic program, how they were designed or are All school types on average are well above the GSF per being used currently. Furthermore, benchmark data student identified in DCPS design guidelines. This finding is available for GSF per student from the DCPS Design suggests that either the inventory is unaligned with Guidelines and other school districts, allowing for current enrollment or there are significant issues with comparisons. the efficiency of building designs. This issue is particularly acute for middle schools. Although DCPS has only 13 middle schools and only 4,759 DCPS students enrolled in these middle schools, it dedicates 1.8 million GSF to middle school education. There is more space per student in middle schools than any other type of school.

12 High Low Range School Types by Space per Enrolled Student Average GSF per Enrolled Student Average

1000

900

800

700

600

500

400 GSF per Enrolled Student GSF per Enrolled

300

200

100

PCS High DCPS Middle DCPS High PCS Middle DCPS Elementary PCS Elementary

DCPS EducationDCPS Campus Education 1 Campus 2 PCS EducationPCS Campus Education 1 Campus 2 Figure C.2

DCPS AND CHARTER SCHOOLS CHARTER SCHOOLS COMBINED AND COMPARED Given the range of space needed to support the wide Charter facilities range from purpose-built new schools variety of charter education programs, it is difficult to leased commercial space and former DCPS schools to develop a meaningful average GSF per student to meet a wide range of educational programming with nationally. However, it is useful to examine the amount differential spatial needs. However, charter schools on a of space available per student for reference. The GSF per student basis are operating between 25 percent statistical average (mean) SF per enrolled student by to 50 percent less space per student than is the case with grade configuration is as follows (Figure C.2): DCPS schools.

»» Elementary School: 114 SF/student

»» Middle School: 121 SF / student

»» ES-MS Education Campus: 143 SF/student

»» ES-HS Education Campus: 202 SF/ student

»» High School 155 SF / student

13 CAPACITY BY CLUSTER CAPACITY BY CLUSTER COMBINEDCombined DCPS DCPS AND and CHARTER Charter SCHOOLS: Elementary ES ONLY Schools and Educational Campuses

DCPS school capacity numbers were obtained from DCPS. Charter School capacity numbers were obtained from PCSB. When not available, a proxy for Charter School capacity 16 numbers was created by combining the Charter School enrollment numbers plus the addiƟ onal open seats available for each school (as reported by each individual charter school). 40

19 41 18 12

13 20

2 15 14 21 1 24 42 22 3

29 4 46 7 23 6 25 31 5 30 8

26 33 32

27 9 34

28 35 37 36

44 38

LEGEND 22 Neighborhood Cluster Water No Schools Present in Cluster 1-1000 Students 1001-2000 Students 2001-3000 Students 3001-4000 Students >4001 Students Figure C.3 The District of Columbia 14 14 PUBLIC EDUCATION MASTER FACILITIES PLAN CAPACITY BY CLUSTER CAPACITY BY CLUSTER COMBINEDCombined DCPS DCPS AND and CHARTER Charter SCHOOLS: Elementary, ES, MS Middle AND HS and High Schools and Educational Campus

19 41 18 12

13 20

2 15 14 21 1 24 42 22 3

29 4 46 7 23 6 25 31 5 30 8

26 33 32

27 9 34

28 35 37 36

44 38

LEGEND 22 Neighborhood Cluster Water No Schools Present in Cluster 1-1000 Students 1001-2000 Students 2001-3000 Students 3001-4000 Students 4001-5000 Students >5001 Students Figure C.4 The District of Columbia 15 PUBLIC EDUCATION MASTER FACILITIES PLAN Historical Enrollment

Figure C.5

ENROLLMENT Between 2001 and 2008, total enrollment decreased 469 more students enrolled in charters Grade 6 than in by more than 2,000 students but increased by more charters Grade 5. than 5,000 students from 2009 to 2011. From 2001 to This data suggests that there is noticeable shift 2011, the charter schools’ share of total enrollment has from DCPS to charter schools at the transition from increased from 14 percent to more than 38 percent in elementary to middle school. This shift may account 2011 (Figure C.5). for part of the under-utilization of DCPS middle school DCPS has the greatest share of elementary and high inventory and the over-utilization of charter schools’ school students, while charter schools have the greatest middle school inventory. Together, DCPS and charters lost share of ES-MS education campuses (Figure C.6). nearly 200 students between Grades 5 and 6 in 2011.

From Grade 5 to Grade 6, DCPS enrollment significantly Enrollment significantly jumps from Grade 8 to Grade dips according to the October 2011 Enrollment Audit 9 in both DCPS and charter schools. The increase is in contrast to an increase in charter school enrollment considerable in DCPS schools, where there were 1,349 for the same grades (Figure C.7). There are 668 fewer more students in Grade 9 than in Grade 8. For charter students enrolled in DCPS Grade 6 than in Grade 5 and schools, there are 146 more students in Grade 9 than in Grade 8.

16 Comparison of Enrollment between DCPS and Charter Schools

Figure C.6

Comparison of Enrollment by Grade between DCPS and Charter Schools

Figure C.7

17 ENROLLMENT BY CLUSTER ENROLLMENT BY CLUSTER COMBINEDCombined DCPS DCPS AND and CHARTER Charter SCHOOLS: Elementary ES ONLY Schools and Educational Campuses

Enrollment data for both DCPS and Charter Schools was gathered from the Oﬃ ce of the State Superintendant of Educa� on (OSSE) October 2011 Audited Enrollment. 16

19 41 18 12

13 20

2 15 14 21 1 24 42 22 3

29 4 46 7 23 6 25 31 5 30 8

26 33 32

27 9 34

28 35 37 36

44 38

LEGEND 22 Neighborhood Cluster Water No Schools Present in Cluster 1-1000 Students 1001-2000 Students 2001-3000 Students 3001-4000 Students >4001 Students

Figure C.8 The District of Columbia 18 18 PUBLIC EDUCATION MASTER FACILITIES PLAN ENROLLMENT BY CLUSTER ENROLLMENT BY CLUSTER COMBINEDCombined DCPS DCPS AND and CHARTER Charter SCHOOLS: School ES, MS AND HS Total Enrollments

Enrollment data for both DCPS and Charter Schools was gathered from the Oﬃ ce of the State Superintendant of Educa� on (OSSE) October 2011 Audited Enrollment. 16

19 41 18 12

13 20

2 15 14 21 1 24 42 22 3

29 4 46 7 23 6 25 31 5 30 8

26 33 32

27 9 34

28 35 37 36

44 38

LEGEND 22 Neighborhood Cluster Water No Schools Present in Cluster 1-750 Students 751-1500 Students 1501-2250 Students 2251-3000 Students 3001-3750 Students >3751 Students Figure C.9 The District of Columbia 19 PUBLIC EDUCATION MASTER FACILITIES PLAN UTILIZATION Although average utilization for both DCPS and charters to 82 percent. Correlating this misalignment between shows a reasonable match between capacity and facility capacity at the middle school level and enrollment enrollment District-wide, at 75 percent and 85 percent with a grade cohort analysis, the data suggests that there respectively, there is wide variation among school types is a shift from DCPS to charters during the middle school and neighborhood clusters. Figure C.10 demonstrates years. the wide variation in utilization between neighborhood Elementary and middle schools are well utilized for both clusters in the District’s schools to suggest there are DCPS and charter schools, at 78 percent utilization and enough seats in total, but the seats are not located in the 91 percent utilization respectively. The combination of right places to meet current demand. elementary and middle schools in (combined) ES-MS Given the excess capacity in the DCPS middle school campuses is also more efficient on SF/student basis. inventory, utilization drops dramatically in DCPS middle schools. Interestingly, DCPS utilization for middle schools drops to 53 percent and charter school utilization jumps

High Low Range UtilizationSchool Typesby School by Utilization Types Average 170 150 140 130 120 110 100

90 80 70

GSF Utilization 60 50

40 30 20

PCS High DCPS Middle DCPS High PCS Middle DCPS Elementary PCS Elementary

DCPS EducationDCPS Campus Education 1 Campus 2 PCS EducationPCS Campus Education 1 Campus 2 Figure C.10

20 Enrollment v. Capacity with Utilization Average

Figure C.11

21 UTILIZATION BY CLUSTER UTILIZATION BY CLUSTER COMBINEDCombined DCPS DCPS AND and CHARTER Charter SCHOOLS: Elementary ES ONLY Schools and Educational Campuses

Cluster u� liza� on was determined by taking each school’s enrollment and dividing by the facility’s capacity. DCPS enrollment numbers are from the Oﬃ ce of the 16 State Superintendant of Educa� on (OSSE) and Charter School Enrollment numbers obtained from Public Charter School Board (PCSB). DCPS school capacity numbers obtained 40 from DCPS. Charter School capacity 10 numbers obtained from PCSB. When not available, a proxy for Charter School capacity 17 numbers was created by combining the Charter 19 41 18 School enrollment 12

13 20

2 15 14 21 1 24 42 22 3 numbers plus the addi� onal 29 open seats 4 23 46 available for each 7 6 school (as reported by 25 31 each individual charter 5 30 school). 8

26 33 32

27 9 34

28 35 37 36

44 38

LEGEND 22 Neighborhood Cluster Water No Schools Present in Cluster 1-25% U� liza� on 26-50% U� liza� on 51-75% U� liza� on 76-100% U� liza� on >100% U� liza� on Figure C.12 The District of Columbia 22 22 PUBLIC EDUCATION MASTER FACILITIES PLAN UTILIZATION BY CLUSTER UTILIZATION BY CLUSTER COMBINEDCombined DCPS DCPS AND and CHARTER Charter SCHOOLS: Elementary, ES, MS Middle AND HS and High Schools and Educational Campuses

13 20

2 15 14 21 1 24 42 22 3 numbers plus the addi� onal 29 open seats 4 23 46 available for each 7 6 school (as reported by 25 31 each individual charter 5 30 school). 8

26 33 32

27 9 34

28 35 37 36

44 38

LEGEND 22 Neighborhood Cluster Water No Schools Present in Cluster 1-25% U� liza� on 26-50% U� liza� on 51-75% U� liza� on 76-100% U� liza� on >100% U� liza� on Figure C.13 The District of Columbia 23 PUBLIC EDUCATION MASTER FACILITIES PLAN FINDINGS CAPACITY There is an excess of approximately 17,600 seats in the ENROLLMENT active DCPS inventory, not including vacant buildings. Enrollment is fluid and dynamic. Although enrollment Adding the capacity from vacant buildings, there is a total has decreased in recent years, enrollment trends of 23,500 seats in the total DCPS inventory (based on projected for the next three to eight years may put new 2011 audited enrollment data). pressures on both DCPS and charter schools. There is capacity for approximately 7,300 students in DCPS and charter enrollment dips considerably between charter schools (based on charter self-reported capacities Grades 5 and 6, suggesting that students and families are and available slots). leaving the public education system at the middle school level. A challenge is to find more strategic ways to distribute capacity geographically and between DCPS and charters Charter capacity and enrollment are condensed within so that capacity aligns with demand, while also preparing the central and northern parts of the city (clusters 21, 18, for future increases in enrollment. 2, and east of the Anacostia River), even as school-aged population is expected to grow citywide.

24 UTILIZATION OPPORTUNITIES Although average utilization for both DCPS and charters Meetings with the working group examined the shows a reasonable match between capacity and possibility of a framework developed for the strategic enrollment District-wide, at 75 percent and 85 percent matching of charter schools with available DCPS space respectively, utilization on a school-by-school basis around the city, where charter school education varies widely. This data suggests that there are more programming and grade configuration complement a than enough seats in total, but they are not in the DCPS need. right places or do not align with current demand. For example, some neighborhood clusters are well over The group also discussed how a mixed-use strategy to capacity – as much 137 percent utilized, while others are facilities, taking advantage of community and education- as low as 35 percent utilized. related building uses outside of DCPS and charter schools, as a way to absorb excess building area through creative Among the most common school types (elementary short-term leases. This approach to facilities could enrich schools, middle schools, K-8 education campuses, and DCPS or charter school programming, offset facility high schools), middle school utilization is the lowest at 52 costs and help absorb excess capacity now, without percent for DCPS and 86 percent for charter schools. relinquishing capacity permanently, so that capacity is available when enrollment increases. The highest DCPS utilization among the most common school types is elementary schools at 81 percent and the Organizations that lease space could be required to highest charter school utilization is high schools at 94 consider internships and mentoring opportunities for percent. public education students. These types of partnerships could create jobs and economic opportunity in local communities. When enrollment increases, the lease can be terminated and capacity recaptured.

25 Summary Table of Enrollment, Capacity and Utilization by School Type

Figure C.14

26 27