Detailed Contents

Preface xiii Acknowledgments xvti Introduction: To the Reader xx Some Theoretical Starting Places xxi About this Book xxiv

SECTION I: History 1 Chapter 1. Before Identity: The Ancient World Through the 19th Century 2 Greek Paiderastia 4 Pederasty in Other Early Cultures: The Middle East and Asia 5 Gender Variance in Pre-Columbian America and India 6 Same-Sex Relationships and Desires in Judeo-Christian Cultures 7 Desires for Identity 9 Romantic Friendships and Boston Marriages 10 Molly-Houses: Early Homoerotic Subculture in England 12 Questions for Discussion 14 References and Further Reading 14 Readings Sappho, “To a Maiden” and “Hymn to Aphrodite"' 17 Abu Nuwas, “In the Bath-house” and “My Lover Has Started to Shave55 18 Zulali Khwansari, From Masnavi 19 Ihara Saikaku, “Bamboo Clappers Strike the Hateful Number” 21 Wu Meicun, “Song of Beau Wang” 24 Ancient Egyptian Binding Spell 25 Order for Solemnization of Same-Sex Union 26 Wadham Limericks 28 Chapter 2. Sexology: Constructing the Modern Homosexual 29 Victorian Sex: Some Background 30 Sexology: Defining a Field of Study 32 A Sexologist in Depth: Havelock Ellis 35 Paving the Way for Freud 38 Sexology and Early Sexual Rights Movements 39 Sexology’s Legacy 40 Questions for Discussion 41 References and Further Reading 41 Readings Havelock Ellis, “History II” and “History XXXVI — Miss H. aged 30” From Studies in the Psychology of Sex John D’Emilio, From “Capitalism and Gay Identity” 45

Chapter 3. Toward Liberation 49 Medical Models of Homosexuality 51 Urban Life and Sexual Expression 53 World War II and Homosexuality 54 McCarthy and the Purge of the “Perverts” 56 The Homophile Movement 58 Questions for Discussion 60 References and Further Reading 61 Readings “Donald Webster Cory” (Edward Sagarin) and John P. LeRoy, “Should Homosexuality Be Eliminated?” Marilyn Barrow, “Living Propaganda” 67

Chapter 4. Stonewall and Beyond 70 Emerging Visibility and Activism 72 AIDS Activism 75 Antigay Backlash and Hate-Crimes Legislation 77 Gays in the Military and the Marriage Issue 80 Questions for Discussion 82 References and Further Reading 83 Readings Radicalesbians, “The Woman-Identified Woman” 85 Combahee River Collective, “The Combahee River Collective Statement” 88 US. CONGRESS Repeal of Don’t Ask, Don’t Teil 95 U.S. CONGRESS Original Defense of Marriage Act Legislation 97 Obama Administration Statement on the Defense of Marriage Act 98

SECTION Ii: Politics 101 Chapter 5. Nature, Nurture, and Identity 102 Kinsey 103 104 After Kinsey 105 Klein's Sexual Orientation Grid 107 The Storms Sexuality Axis 108 The Quest for the Gay Gene 111 Nature-Nurture: What’s at Stake? 114 Questions for Discussion 116 References and Further Reading 117 Readings Windy M. Brown, Christopher J. Finn, Bradley M. Cooke, and S. Marc Breedlove, “Differences in Finger Length Ratios between Self-Identified ‘Butch' and 'Femme' Lesbians" 120 Albert Mohler, “Is Your Baby Gay? What If You Could Know? What If You Could Do Something about It?” 125 Rictor Norton, From “Essentialism” 128

Chapter 6. Inclusion and Equality 130 Civil and Human Rights in a Global Context 131 Inclusion Versus Assimilation: Two Approaches to Securing Rights 133 Exclusion, Inequality, and Physical Violence 134 Exclusion and Inequality—Both “Outside" and “Inside” 137 Questions for Discussion 142 References and Further Reading 143 Readings From the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 146 Hillary Clinton's International Human Rights Day Speech, 2011 147

Chapter 7. Queer Diversities 153 L.. .G.. .X .. : A Story of Push and Pull 155 in the LGBT Community 158 Intersexualxty 160 Q: Beyond 161 A for Allies 164 Questions for Discussion 166 References and Further Reading 167 Readings Amber Hollibaugh, “Queers Without Money: They Are Everywhere. But We Refuse to See Them” 169 John Aravosis, “How Did the T Get in LGBT?” 172 Susan Stryker, “Why the T in LGBT Is Here to Stay” 174

Chapter 8. Intersectionalities 177 The “Down Low” and Applied Intersectional Theory 180 Women, Class, and Intemationality 182 Tools for Intersectional Analysis 185 Questions for Discussion 188 References and Further Reading 189 Readings Kathy Y. Wilson, “Just a Closer Walk with Thee” 191 Richard Thompson Ford, “What’s Queer about Race?” 196 Sonnet Gabbard, “Preserving the Nation: Transitional Serbia, the European Union, and Homophobia” 202

SECTION ill: Literature and the Arts 209 Chapter 9. Homosexed Art and Literature 210 Whitman and His Descendants 211 The Expatriates 215 Performing Queer: Theater 218 Homosexed Literature: Global Disruptions 221 Fine Art: From the Beautiful to the Political 223 Questions for Discussion 225 References and Further Reading 226 Readings , “We Two Boys Together Clinging” 228 Michael Field, “Sometimes I do despatch my heart” and “It was deep April” 228 Edward Carpenter, “Love’s Vision” 229 Langston Hughes, “I, Too, Sing America” 230 Judy Grahn, “A History of Lesbianism” 230 June Jordan, “Poem about My Rights” 232 Andre Lorde, “A Woman Speaks” 235 Chapter 10. Lesbian Pulp Novels and Gay Physique Pictorials 237 Physique Magazines 238 Lesbian Pulp Novels 241 Gay Male Pulp Novels 246 Transgender Novels 248 Questions for Discussion 250 References and Further Reading 250 Reading Ann Bannon, From I Am a Woman 253

Chapter 11: Queer Transgressions 257 Theoretical Transgressions: The Emergence of Queer Theory 258 Art and Consumerism 260 From Pornography to Sadomasochism 263 Transgression and Politics 266 Questions for Discussion 268 References and Further Reading 268 Readings Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, From “Queer and Now” 270 Michael Warner, From “Queer and Then?” 273

Chapter 12. Censorship and Moral Panic 278 Oscar Wilde 279 Radclyffe Hall 281 Sapphire, Mapplethorpe, and Riggs 284 Queering Children’s Books 287 Deepa Mehta 288 Questions for Discussion 290 References and Further Reading 290 Readings Steven C. Dubin, From “Art’s Enemies: Censors to the Right of Me, Censors to the Left of Me” 293 Sir Chartres Biron, Chief Magistrate, Judgment Regarding The Well of Loneliness 295 Gayatri Gopinath, From “Local Sites/Global Contexts: The Transnational Trajectories of Fire and ‘The Quilt”’ 297

SECTION IV: Media 301 Chapter 13. Film and Television 302 Visibility and Representation 303 Varieties of Queerness in Contemporary Film 306 Small-Screen Queers 309 Questions for Discussion 313 References and Further Reading 314

Readings Maria Pramaggiore, “Fishing for Girls: Romancing Lesbians in New Queer Cinema” 316 Kara Keeling, “‘Joining the Lesbians’: Cinematic Regimes of Black Lesbian Visibility” 323

Chapter 14. Queers and the Internet 327 Access, Connection, and Identity 328 Internet Censorship and Corporatization 330 Internet Activism 332 Questions for Discussion 337 References and Further Reading 338 Readings Andil Gosine, “Brown to Blond at Gay.com: Passing White in Queer Cyberspace” 341 Uttarika Kumaran, “Disabled, gay, and as normal as you” 347

Chapter 15. The Politics of Location: Alternative Media and the Search for Queer Space 350 Documentary Films 352 Film and Music Festivals 354 Queer Music 356 LGBT Journalism: Magazines, Newspapers, and Comics 359 Many Journeys, Many Homes 362 Questions for Discussion 364 References and Further Reading 365 Readings Michael Sibalis, From “Urban Space and Homosexuality: The Example of the Marais, Paris’ ‘Gay Ghetto’” 367 Sergio Arguello, "They Were Here First: IGBTQ Seniors in Los Angeles” 374

Glossary 377 Photo Credits 381 index 383 About the Authors 411