DOCSLIB.ORG

Publication 360A: Crop Protection Guide for Apples 2021

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Publication 360A Crop Protection Guide for Apples 2021 Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Discard old editions of this publication. Each year a with serious pest outbreaks. An emergency is generally Ontario regulates pesticides by placing appropriate committee comprised of representatives from provincial deemed to exist when both of the following criteria education, licensing and/or permit requirements on their government, industry, academia and grower organiza- are met: use, under the Pesticides Act and Regulation 63/09. tions review the pesticides listed in the publication. A. An unexpected and unmanageable pest outbreak All pesticides must be used in accordance with To the best knowledge of the committee, at the time or pest situation occurs that can cause significant requirements under the Pesticides Act and Regulation of publishing, the pesticide products listed in this health, environmental or economic problems; and 63/09, which are available on the e-laws website publication were federally registered. B. Registered pesticides and cultural control methods at ontario.ca/laws or by calling the ServiceOntario Publications Toll-Free number: 1-800-668-9938 or The information in this publication is general or practices are insufficient to address the pest 416-326-5300. information only. The Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, outbreak. Food and Rural Affairs (OMAFRA) does not offer any warranty or guarantee, nor does it assume any MAXIMUM RESIDUE LIMITS CLASSIFICATION OF PESTICIDES liability for any crop loss, animal loss, health, safety or The PMRA has established maximum residue limits As of May 1, 2020, Ontario’s pesticides classes environmental hazard caused by the use of a pesticide have been aligned with the federal government’s mentioned in this publication. (MRLs) for pesticides. An MRL is the maximum amount of pesticide residue that may remain on food after a pesticide categories to remove duplication and reduce This publication lists a number of brand names of pesticide is applied as per label directions and which complexity for the sale and use of pesticides in Ontario, pesticides. It is neither an endorsement of the product can safely be consumed. Processors or retailers may while ensuring continued protection of human health nor a suggestion that similar products are ineffective. demand more restrictive limits. Growers should and the environment. seek advice of their intended market to determine if MECP automatically classifies pesticides in Ontario as THE PESTICIDE LABEL more restrictive limitations apply. Keep accurate and Class A, B, C, D or E. The Ontario pesticide classification up-to-date records on pesticide use in each crop. system provides the basis for regulating the distribution, Consult each product label before you use a pesticide. availability and use of pesticide products in Ontario. The label provides specific information on how to For more information on the classification of pesticides, use the product safely, hazards, restrictions on use, SUPPLEMENTAL/AMENDED LABELS visit the MECP website at ontario.ca/pesticides. compatibility with other products, the effect of Supplemental/amended labels provide label directions environmental conditions, etc. for new approved uses for a registered pesticide that do not appear on the current label. These label CERTIFICATION AND LICENSING directions MUST be followed when using the pesticide The pesticide product label is a legal document. Growers and Their Assistants for these purposes. Follow all label instructions. For information about farmer training and certification Examples of when you must use a supplemental/ requirements, visit the MECP website at ontario.ca/ amended label include: pesticides and for information on courses check the REGISTRATION OF PESTICIDE PRODUCTS • Emergency Use Registration Ontario Pesticide Education Program website at www.opep.ca or call 1-800-652-8573. The Pest Management Regulatory Agency (PMRA) of • Minor Use Label Expansion Health Canada registers pesticide products for use Pesticide Commercial Applicators (Exterminators) You can obtain a copy of a supplemental amended label in Canada following an evaluation of scientific data and Their Assisting Technicians from the pesticide manufacturer or pesticide vendor, to ensure that the product has value, and the human the grower association that sponsored the emergency For more information about exterminator licensing and health and environmental risks associated with its registration or minor use, from OMAFRA crop specialists technician training, visit: proposed use are acceptable. or PMRA’s Pest Management Information Service. • the Ontario Pesticide Training and Certification website at www.ontariopesticide.com or call 1. Full Registration For more information on the federal registration status, check the PMRA website at www.healthcanada.gc.ca/ 1-888-620-9999 or 519-674-1575 Pesticide registrations are normally granted for a pmra or call 1-800-267-6315. • the Pesticide Industry Council’s Pesticide Technician period of 5 years, subject to renewal. Program website at www.horttrades.com/pesticide- REGULATION OF PESTICIDES IN ONTARIO technician or call 1-800-265-5656 or e-mail 2. Emergency Registration The Ontario Ministry of Environment, Conservation and [email protected] An emergency registration is a temporary, time-limited Parks (MECP) is responsible for regulating pesticide sale, • the Pesticide Industry Regulatory Council (PIRC) at registration of no more than 1 year, approved to deal use, transportation, storage and disposal in Ontario. www.oipma.ca. Publication 360A Crop Protection Guide for Apples 2021 Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Acknowledgements The information contained in this publication is printed following review by the Fruit Technical Working Group, comprised of representatives from provincial and federal governments, academia and industry. If you need technical or business information Contact the Agricultural Information Contact Centre at 1-877-424-1300 [email protected] Looking for fruit production information on the Internet? Check the OMAFRA website at ontario.ca/crops This publication contains pesticide control products that have been registered as of October 31, 2020, on fruit crops. Any updates to this information will be posted on the OMAFRA website at ontario.ca/crops Cover Images Left: Oriental fruit moth damage on Idared fruitlet Right: Apple scab on Empire ii COMING SOON! For the 2022 growing season, you will be able to access the information currently listed in this publication through a new, digital application. The application will replace OMAFRA’s crop protection publications and provide you with information in one single location. This one-stop tool for crop protection information will allow you to: ✔ customize and navigate through information based on your specific needs; ✔ access information when you need it to make important business decisions; and ✔ access information digitally, either through desktop, tablet or mobile. Updates can be found at: ontario.ca/crops iii iv Contents Introduction ..........................................................................................................................1 2. Pest Management ...................................................................................................15 Levels of Control for Fungicides and Insecticides/Miticides ........................................ 1 Pest Management Tools ...........................................................................................................15 Fungicides ................................................................................................................................... 1 Cultural and Mechanical/Physical ..................................................................................15 Insecticides/Miticides .............................................................................................................2 Biological ...................................................................................................................................15 Behavioural ...............................................................................................................................16 1. Using Pesticides in Ontario ................................................................................. 3 Chemical ....................................................................................................................................16 Federal Registration of Pesticides ..........................................................................................3 Degree-Day Modeling ...............................................................................................................17 Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) ............................................................................................3 Managing Pesticide Resistance ............................................................................................18 Regulation of Pesticides in Ontario ........................................................................................4 Pest Resistance to Fungicides, Insecticides and Miticides .....................................18 Classification of Pesticides ........................................................................................................4 Resistance Management Strategies ...............................................................................19 Certification and Licensing ........................................................................................................5
Recommended publications
  • Sharon J. Collman WSU Snohomish County Extension Green Gardening Workshop October 21, 2015 Definition

    Sharon J. Collman WSU Snohomish County Extension Green Gardening Workshop October 21, 2015 Definition

    Sharon J. Collman WSU Snohomish County Extension Green Gardening Workshop October 21, 2015 Definition AKA exotic, alien, non-native, introduced, non-indigenous, or foreign sp. National Invasive Species Council definition: (1) “a non-native (alien) to the ecosystem” (2) “a species likely to cause economic or harm to human health or environment” Not all invasive species are foreign origin (Spartina, bullfrog) Not all foreign species are invasive (Most US ag species are not native) Definition increasingly includes exotic diseases (West Nile virus, anthrax etc.) Can include genetically modified/ engineered and transgenic organisms Executive Order 13112 (1999) Directed Federal agencies to make IS a priority, and: “Identify any actions which could affect the status of invasive species; use their respective programs & authorities to prevent introductions; detect & respond rapidly to invasions; monitor populations restore native species & habitats in invaded ecosystems conduct research; and promote public education.” Not authorize, fund, or carry out actions that cause/promote IS intro/spread Political, Social, Habitat, Ecological, Environmental, Economic, Health, Trade & Commerce, & Climate Change Considerations Historical Perspective Native Americans – Early explorers – Plant explorers in Europe Pioneers moving across the US Food - Plants – Stored products – Crops – renegade seed Animals – Insects – ants, slugs Travelers – gardeners exchanging plants with friends Invasive Species… …can also be moved by • Household goods • Vehicles
  • Open KON Dissertation FINAL.Pdf

    Open KON Dissertation FINAL.Pdf

    The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School College of Agricultural Sciences EVALUATION OF CHEMICAL AND THERMAL BLOSSOM THINNING STRATEGIES FOR APPLE A Dissertation in Horticulture by Thomas M. Kon 2016 Thomas M. Kon Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy December 2016 The dissertation of Thomas M. Kon was reviewed and approved* by the following: James R. Schupp Professor of Pomology Dissertation Advisor Chair of Committee Robert M. Crassweller Professor of Horticulture Paul Heinemann Professor and Head of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Richard Marini Professor of Horticulture Erin L. Connolly Professor of Plant Science Head of the Department of Plant Science *Signatures are on file in the Graduate School iii ABSTRACT Since 1989, approximately 150 compounds and multiple mechanical devices were evaluated as apple blossom thinners. Despite these efforts, blossom thinner adoption has been limited to a few apple producing regions or states. The purpose of this work was to: 1) compare the efficacy of promising chemical blossom thinners using a predictive model as a timing aid, and 2) evaluate the potential of short-duration thermal treatments as a blossom thinning strategy. Using a predictive model as a timing aid, the efficacy of several promising chemical blossom thinners was evaluated at Penn State’s Fruit Research and Extension Center in Biglerville, PA. Blossom thinner effects on pollen tube growth, fruit set, and yield responses were evaluated. Calcium polysulfide and ammonium thiosulfate inhibited pollen tube growth in vivo and reduced initial fruit set. Endothal was a potent thinner, but was ineffective in reducing pollen tube growth and caused excessive leaf injury.
  • Systematically Integrating DNA Information Into Breeding: the MAB

    Systematically Integrating DNA Information Into Breeding: the MAB

    Systematically integrating DNA information into breeding: The MAB Pipeline, case studies in apple and cherry Amy Iezzoni January 31, 2013 Cornell MSU Susan Brown Amy Iezzoni (PD) Kenong Xu Jim Hancock Dechun Wang Clemson Cholani Weebadde Ksenija Gasic Gregory Reighard Univ. of Arkansas John Clark WSU Texas A&M USDA-ARS Dave Byrne Cameron Peace Nahla Bassil Dorrie Main Univ. of Minnesota Gennaro Fazio Univ. of CA-Davis Kate Evans Chad Finn Karina Gallardo Jim Luby Tom Gradziel Vicki McCracken Chengyan Yue Plant Research Intl, Carlos Crisosto Nnadozie Oraguzie Netherlands Oregon State Univ. Eric van de Weg Univ. of New Hamp. Alexandra Stone Marco Bink Tom Davis Outline of Presentation The MAB Pipeline Apple skin color Cherry flesh color The MAB Pipeline “Jewels in the Genome” - discovering, polishing, applying QTL discovery MAB Pipelining Breeding (looks promising...) (polishing...) (assembling into masterpieces) Socio-Economics Surveys (example for apple) Washington Michigan Market Breeders Producers Producers Intermediaries Fruit flavor 43 41 23 Fruit crispness 15 23 10 Exterior color 26 Fruit firmness 6 7 5 Shelf life at retail 7 7 3 Sweetness/soluble solids 6 7 3 Sugar/acid balance 9 7 External appearance 13 No storage disorders 7 4 Disease resistance 2 5 Storage life 5 Other fruit quality…2 3 Size 3 Juiciness 2 Tartness Shape Phytonutrient Aroma % of respondents020406080100 Reference Germplasm McIntosh Melba LivelRasp Jolana Williams F_Spartan Spartan PRI14-126 Starr OR38T610 F_Williams NJ53 PRI14-226 Minnesota Delicious KidsOrRed
  • Sfida Mondiale a Golden Delicious: Quali Alternative Possibili?

    Sfida Mondiale a Golden Delicious: Quali Alternative Possibili?

    Tecnica SPECIALE MELO Sfida mondiale a Golden Delicious: quali alternative possibili? WALTER GUERRA Centro di Sperimentazione Agraria e Forestale – Laimburg (Bz) view (Belrose Inc., 2010) e raffigurati lizzati in quei tempi che inducevano Golden Delicious ha finora in tabella 2. Al Mondo, esclusa la Cina forte rugginosità sui frutti di Golden resistito alla concorrenza di che con i suoi quantitativi e la predo- Delicious. Tra le mele a buccia gialla numerose varietà di mele minanza di Fuji distorce qualunque sta- in quei tempi dominavano ancora Re- gialle. Non mancano però altre tistica, nel 2010 la varietà più prodotta netta Champagne e Renetta Ananas e, varietà simili, migliorative di era Golden Delicious, con uno “share” in misura minore, Calvilla bianca d’In- alcuni caratteri distintivi: dalla del 18,2%, equivalente ad una pro- verno, Napoleone-Koestlicher, Rosma- duzione complessiva di 4.931.000 t. rina Bianca e Belfiore Giallo. resistenza alla ticchiolatura, alla Nella graduatoria seguono parec- Dagli anni ’60, con l’introduzione sensibilità alle ammaccature, chie varietà rosse e bicolori per far ri- di nuove strategie di difesa, con l’au- dalla rugginosità della buccia comparire rispettivamente al 27° ed al mento delle conoscenze agronomiche alla fragranza della polpa. 35° posto le prossime cultivar a buc- e tecniche riguardo alla coltivazione La sfida continua. cia gialla, ovvero le giapponesi Orin della Golden Delicious e con la sco- e Mutsu. Le previsioni degli esperti perta di mutazioni meno sensibili alla americani per il 2020 piazzano Gol- rugginosità, iniziò la grande ascesa al den Delicious ancora al primo posto primato della Golden Delicious in Alto l consumatore di oggi si vede con- nella graduatoria con addirittura un Adige, in Europa e nel Mondo intero.
  • Fruit Quarterly SPRING 2013 Leadership and Accountability

    Fruit Quarterly SPRING 2013 Leadership and Accountability

    NEW YORK Editorial Fruit Quarterly SPRING 2013 Leadership and Accountability here are those who spend their hours discussing how to invest would not really harm their current operations but difficult and unfair the current times are. There are those would insure successful future ones. Twho reflect longingly about how wonderful and simple life used to be. There are also those who simply fail to see anything Today is always here and the future is always slightly out of positive until it is taken away from them. Then there are those your reach. The true mark of a leader is that they can function that we call “leaders” who are too busy looking forward to be within both. Like in years past we will and forever need to dragged down by all of this meaningless discussion. be investing in innovative research programs to improve our industry. There are those who may wish to have this I travel from west to east across New York and have done so accomplished entirely public funding. When you leave your all of my six decades. I am humbled by what I recall and what I future entirely to the fickle whims of the political world you currently see. The fruit industry has made enormous up- grades are not being “accountable” for the research programs you to its commercial farming practices in a very short period of desperately require for success in the years ahead. A shared time. Orchard acreage in New York State is down but our financial cash flow would be ideal. productivity and quality have never been at this high level.
  • Catalogo Varietà Melo Per Ferrara

    Catalogo Varietà Melo Per Ferrara

    MELO VARIETA' Epoca Sovracolore Cultivar Provenienza Produttività Pezzatura Note Raccolta % Tipologia Veneto Agricoltura grossa Akaguy 08-set medio elevata 30-35 striato Sensibile a scottature solari, sovracolore scarso in pianura. Az. Sasse Rami (RO) Ambrosia®* CSAF - Laimburg 09-set CReSO Ambrosia®* 03-ott medio-elevata media 50 unifome Manta (CN) ASTRA Innovazione e II dec. medio- Ambrosia®* media 0-10 unifome Frutto di bell'aspetto con polpa aromatica. Sviluppo Imola (BO) settembre elevata ASTRA Innovazione e parzialmente Annaglo* I dec. agosto medio-elevata media 70-90 Appare inferiore per colorazione a Buckeye. Sviluppo Imola (BO) striato, lavato medio- Mutazione di Galaxy dalla colorazione intensa e anticipata, Veneto Agricoltura parzialmente Annaglo* 13-ago medio-elevata grossa 85-90 maturazione fisiologica alcuni giorni prima di Gala Ceregnano (RO) striato, lavato Schniga. CReSO Aurora Golden Gala® 20-ott media grossa 85 uniforme Manta (CN) Aurora Golden Gala® CSAF - Laimburg 18-set CReSO Belchard® Chantecler* 20-set medio-elevata media assente Manta (CN) Veneto Agricoltura Braeburn Lochbuje® 01-ott Az. Sasse Rami (RO) Veneto Agricoltura grossa Clone di Braeburn che raggiunge un'ottima colorazione Braeburn Redfield® 01-ott medio-elevata 75-80 uniforme Az. Sasse Rami (RO) anche in pianura. medio- Veneto Agricoltura Brina* 19-set medio-elevata grossa 80-90 Produce frutti attraenti, di buon sapore. Az. Sasse Rami (RO) Brookfield® Gala Baigent* Verona - ISF 13-ago medio- Veneto Agricoltura Brookfield® Gala Baigent* 11-ago elevata grossa 85-90 striato Ceregnano (RO) ASTRA Innovazione e I decade Mutazione di Royal Gala con colorazione accentuata. Brookfield® Gala Baigent* elevata media 80-90 striato Sviluppo Imola (BO) agosto Clone attraente, fra i più interessanti.
  • Pests in Northwestern Washington Prompted a 1994-1995 CAPS Survey of Apple Trees to Identify All Leaf-Feeding Apple Pests Currently in Whatcom County

    Pests in Northwestern Washington Prompted a 1994-1995 CAPS Survey of Apple Trees to Identify All Leaf-Feeding Apple Pests Currently in Whatcom County

    6. Biology / Phenology a. Biology 1. Exotic Fruit Tree Pests in Whatcom County, Washington Eric LaGasa Plant Services Div., Wash. St. Dept. of Agriculture P.O. Box 42560, Olympia, Washington 98504-2560 (360) 902-2063 [email protected] The Washington State Department of Agriculture (WSDA) has conducted detection surveys and other field projects for exotic pests since the mid-1980's, with funding provided by the USDA/ APHIS Cooperative Agricultural Pest Survey (CAPS) program. Recent discovery of several exotic fruit tree pests in northwestern Washington prompted a 1994-1995 CAPS survey of apple trees to identify all leaf-feeding apple pests currently in Whatcom County. Additional exotic apple pest species, new to either the region or U.S. were discovered. This paper presents some brief descriptions of species detected in that project, and other exotic fruit tree pest species discovered in northwest Washington since 1985. Table 1. - Exotic Fruit Tree Pests New to Northwestern Washington State - 1985 to 1995 green pug moth - Geometridae: Chloroclystis rectangulata (L.) An early, persistent European pest of apple, pear, cherry and other fruit trees. Larvae attack buds, blossoms, and leaves from March to June. Damage to blossoms causes considerable deformation of fruit. Larvae are common in apple blossoms in Whatcom County, where it was first reared from apple trees in 1994. This pest, new to North America, was also recently detected in the northeastern U.S. Croesia holmiana - Tortricidae: Croesia holmiana (L.) A common pest of many fruit trees and ornamental plants in Europe and Asia, where it is considered a minor problem. Spring larval feeding affects only leaves.
  • Full News Release

    Full News Release

    The British Columbia Fruit Growers’ Association 1473 Water Street, Kelowna, BC V1Y 1J6 Ph: (250) 762 – 5226 • Fax (250) 861 – 9089 E-mail • [email protected] For immediate release BC APPLE GROWERS’ SCARE AWAY COMPETITION November 1, 2013 (Toronto, Ontario) – BC apples captured 9 of the top 40 places in the new variety section at the Halloween edition of the National Apple Competition, held every year at the Royal Agricultural Winter Fair (RAWF) in Toronto, Ontario. The judging of the apples takes place the day prior to opening and results are officially announced today, the first day of the agriculture fair, held in the heart of the largest urban centre in Canada. “The quality of the apples was excellent from all provinces this year. The growers who entered the competition made the judges job difficult this year, and BC growers held their own in the competition,” said Glen Lucas, General Manager of the BC Fruit Growers’ Association. Commercial Varieties Class: Gala 2nd Steve Brown, Happy Valley Harvest, Summerland, BC Class: McIntosh 2nd Billy and Shawna Boerboom, Windmill Orchards, Summerland, BC Class: Golden Delicious 1st Billy and Shawna Boerboom, Windmill Orchards, Summerland, BC 2nd Greg Sanderson, Cawston, BC 2 New Varieties Class: Ambrosia 1st Devin and Janine Jell, Sun-Oka Fruit Farms, Summerland, BC 2nd Billy and Shawna Boerboom, Windmill Orchards, Summerland, BC 3rd Nirmal Dhaliwal, Oliver, BC …2/ Class: Aurora Golden Gala 1st Devin and Janine Jell, Sun-Oka Fruit Farms, Summerland, BC 2nd Jack Machial, Machial Enterprises, Oliver,
  • Additions, Deletions and Corrections to An

    Additions, Deletions and Corrections to An

    Bulletin of the Irish Biogeographical Society No. 36 (2012) ADDITIONS, DELETIONS AND CORRECTIONS TO AN ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF THE IRISH BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS (LEPIDOPTERA) WITH A CONCISE CHECKLIST OF IRISH SPECIES AND ELACHISTA BIATOMELLA (STAINTON, 1848) NEW TO IRELAND K. G. M. Bond1 and J. P. O’Connor2 1Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, School of BEES, University College Cork, Distillery Fields, North Mall, Cork, Ireland. e-mail: <[email protected]> 2Emeritus Entomologist, National Museum of Ireland, Kildare Street, Dublin 2, Ireland. Abstract Additions, deletions and corrections are made to the Irish checklist of butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera). Elachista biatomella (Stainton, 1848) is added to the Irish list. The total number of confirmed Irish species of Lepidoptera now stands at 1480. Key words: Lepidoptera, additions, deletions, corrections, Irish list, Elachista biatomella Introduction Bond, Nash and O’Connor (2006) provided a checklist of the Irish Lepidoptera. Since its publication, many new discoveries have been made and are reported here. In addition, several deletions have been made. A concise and updated checklist is provided. The following abbreviations are used in the text: BM(NH) – The Natural History Museum, London; NMINH – National Museum of Ireland, Natural History, Dublin. The total number of confirmed Irish species now stands at 1480, an addition of 68 since Bond et al. (2006). Taxonomic arrangement As a result of recent systematic research, it has been necessary to replace the arrangement familiar to British and Irish Lepidopterists by the Fauna Europaea [FE] system used by Karsholt 60 Bulletin of the Irish Biogeographical Society No. 36 (2012) and Razowski, which is widely used in continental Europe.
  • Barrowhill, Otterpool and East Stour River)

    Barrowhill, Otterpool and East Stour River)

    Folkestone and Hythe Birds Tetrad Guide: TR13 D (Barrowhill, Otterpool and East Stour River) The tetrad TR13 D is an area of mostly farmland with several small waterways, of which the East Stour River is the most significant, and there are four small lakes (though none are publically-accessible), the most northerly of which is mostly covered with Phragmites. Other features of interest include a belt of trees running across the northern limit of Lympne Old Airfield (in the extreme south edge of the tetrad), part of Harringe Brooks Wood (which has no public access), the disused (Otterpool) quarry workings and the westernmost extent of Folkestone Racecourse and. The northern half of the tetrad is crossed by the major transport links of the M20 and the railway, whilst the old Ashford Road (A20), runs more or less diagonally across. Looking south-west towards Burnbrae from the railway Whilst there are no sites of particular ornithological significance within the area it is not without interest. A variety of farmland birds breed, including Kestrel, Stock Dove, Sky Lark, Chiffchaff, Blackcap, Lesser Whitethroat, Yellowhammer, and possibly Buzzard, Yellow Wagtail and Meadow Pipit. Two rapidly declining species, Turtle Dove and Spotted Flycatcher, also probably bred during the 2007-11 Bird Atlas. The Phragmites at the most northerly lake support breeding Reed Warbler and Reed Bunting. In winter Fieldfare and Redwing may be found in the fields, whilst the streams have attracted Little Egret, Snipe and, Grey Wagtail, with Siskin and occasionally Lesser Redpoll in the alders along the East Stour River. Corn Bunting may be present if winter stubble is left and Red Kite, Peregrine, Merlin and Waxwing have also occurred.
  • Strawberry Root Weevil and Black Vine Weevil By: Christelle Guédot, UW – Madison Fruit Crop Entomology and Extension

    Strawberry Root Weevil and Black Vine Weevil By: Christelle Guédot, UW – Madison Fruit Crop Entomology and Extension

    Wisconsin Fruit News Volume 2, Issue 4 – May 26, 2017 In This Issue: General Information General Information: Soil-borne diseases of fruit crops: Soil-borne diseases of fruit crops: Introduction Introduction By: Sara Thomas-Sharma and Patricia McManus page 1 IPM: Monitoring pest populations The soil is a major source of plant pathogens – fungi, nematodes, and bacteria and action thresholds – that cause a variety of diseases in fruit crops (Fig. 1, following page). Soil-borne page 2 diseases can also be ‘disease complexes’, caused by a combination of pathogens and Plant Disease Diagnostic Clinic specific soil conditions, and some soil-borne pathogens such as nematodes can update additionally vector viruses. Soil-borne pathogens often have: page 3 • A wide host range, infecting multiple crops Insect Diagnostic Lab update • Ability to survive as non-pathogens in organic debris page 4 • Hardy survival structures (in the soil or on the plant) that can withstand Berry Crops: temperature differences, dry conditions, and long periods without a plant Spotted wing drosophila forecast for 2017 host. page 5 • A preference for specific soil/water conditions (e.g., nematodes prefer sandy Strawberry root weevil and Black soils and Phytophthora prefers waterlogged soils). vine weevil page 5 Symptoms associated with soil-borne diseases can be aboveground and/or belowground. Aboveground symptoms (Fig. 1 A, B) such as wilting, stunting, and Cranberries: Cranberry degree-day map and yellowing are more readily observed, and call attention to an underlying problem. On update the other hand, it is only when infected plants are uprooted (Fig. 1 C, D), that page 7 belowground symptoms such as root/crown rot, discoloration of vascular system, etc.
  • Ontario Apple Growers

    Ontario Apple Growers

    1 VISION Ontario Apples…a healthy consumer…a healthy industry. MISSION To foster a viable apple industry through advocacy with government and collaboration with partners for the health of consumers and the wealth of producers. 2 FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE ONTARIO APPLE GROWERS Table of Contents CHAIR’S REPORT ................................................................................................................................................. 1 ACREAGE REVIEW............................................................................................................................................... 3 CROP ESTIMATE ................................................................................................................................................. 5 MARKETING REVIEW .......................................................................................................................................... 5 2018 OAG MEMBERSHIP .................................................................................................................................... 7 APPLE STATISTICS ............................................................................................................................................... 8 RISK MANAGEMENT ......................................................................................................................................... 15 PROMOTIONS ..................................................................................................................................................