Functional and Structural Responses to Marine Urbanisation
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
JMS 70 1 031-041 Eyh003 FINAL
PHYLOGENY AND HISTORICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY OF LIMPETS OF THE ORDER PATELLOGASTROPODA BASED ON MITOCHONDRIAL DNA SEQUENCES TOMOYUKI NAKANO AND TOMOWO OZAWA Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602,Japan (Received 29 March 2003; accepted 6June 2003) ABSTRACT Using new and previously published sequences of two mitochondrial genes (fragments of 12S and 16S ribosomal RNA; total 700 sites), we constructed a molecular phylogeny for 86 extant species, covering a major part of the order Patellogastropoda. There were 35 lottiid, one acmaeid, five nacellid and two patellid species from the western and northern Pacific; and 34 patellid, six nacellid and three lottiid species from the Atlantic, southern Africa, Antarctica and Australia. Emarginula foveolata fujitai (Fissurellidae) was used as the outgroup. In the resulting phylogenetic trees, the species fall into two major clades with high bootstrap support, designated here as (A) a clade of southern Tethyan origin consisting of superfamily Patelloidea and (B) a clade of tropical Tethyan origin consisting of the Acmaeoidea. Clades A and B were further divided into three and six subclades, respectively, which correspond with geographical distributions of species in the following genus or genera: (AÍ) north eastern Atlantic (Patella ); (A2) southern Africa and Australasia ( Scutellastra , Cymbula-and Helcion)', (A3) Antarctic, western Pacific, Australasia ( Nacella and Cellana); (BÍ) western to northwestern Pacific (.Patelloida); (B2) northern Pacific and northeastern Atlantic ( Lottia); (B3) northern Pacific (Lottia and Yayoiacmea); (B4) northwestern Pacific ( Nipponacmea); (B5) northern Pacific (Acmaea-’ânà Niveotectura) and (B6) northeastern Atlantic ( Tectura). Approximate divergence times were estimated using geo logical events and the fossil record to determine a reference date. -
A Molecular Phylogeny of the Patellogastropoda (Mollusca: Gastropoda)
^03 Marine Biology (2000) 137: 183-194 ® Spnnger-Verlag 2000 M. G. Harasevvych A. G. McArthur A molecular phylogeny of the Patellogastropoda (Mollusca: Gastropoda) Received: 5 February 1999 /Accepted: 16 May 2000 Abstract Phylogenetic analyses of partiaJ J8S rDNA formia" than between the Patellogastropoda and sequences from species representing all living families of Orthogastropoda. Partial 18S sequences support the the order Patellogastropoda, most other major gastro- inclusion of the family Neolepetopsidae within the su- pod groups (Cocculiniformia, Neritopsma, Vetigastro- perfamily Acmaeoidea, and refute its previously hy- poda, Caenogastropoda, Heterobranchia, but not pothesized position as sister group to the remaining Neomphalina), and two additional classes of the phylum living Patellogastropoda. This region of the Í8S rDNA Mollusca (Cephalopoda, Polyplacophora) confirm that gene diverges at widely differing rates, spanning an order Patellogastropoda comprises a robust clade with high of magnitude among patellogastropod lineages, and statistical support. The sequences are characterized by therefore does not provide meaningful resolution of the the presence of several insertions and deletions that are relationships among higher taxa of patellogastropods. unique to, and ubiquitous among, patellogastropods. Data from one or more genes that evolve more uni- However, this portion of the 18S gene is insufficiently formly and more rapidly than the ISSrDNA gene informative to provide robust support for the mono- (possibly one or more -
Habitat Partitioning and Thermal Tolerance in a Tropical Limpet, Cellana Grata
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Vol. 124: 89-103, I995 Published August 10 Mar Ecol Prog Ser l Habitat partitioning and thermal tolerance in a tropical limpet, Cellana grata Gray A. Williams*,David Morritt" The Swire Institute of Marine Science and Department of Ecology and Biodiversity, The University of Hong Kong, Cape d'Aguilar, Hong Kong ABSTRACT: Populations of the tropical limpet Cellana grata Gould were studied on exposed shores around Cape d'Aguilar, Hong Kong. C. grata is a high shore species, the zonation pattern of which varies seasonally, shifting downwards in association with increasing summer temperatures. C. grata is a non-homing species and was active (foraging) whilst awash by the tide, moving up and down the shore with the flood and ebb tides, respectively. Limpets moved up to 1 m in the vertical plane over a tidal cycle. When not foraging limpets took refuge in habitats that reduced the effects of high temper- ature and desiccation stress. Temperature measurements of individuals and their physical environment showed that the quality of these refuges varied both spatially and temporally. Horizontal rock surfaces were hotter than vertical surfaces; limpet body temperatures and habitat temperatures in refuges (crevices,pool interfaces and east-facing vertical surfaces) were consistantly cooler than adjacent habi- tats by 3 to 8°C and limpet body temperatures were usually 2°C warmer than the rock they rested on. Experimental manipulations with specimens restrained 0.5 m above their normal resting height or on horizontal rock surfaces and prevented from returning to refuges caused desiccation, osmotic stress and, in many cases, death as a consequence of prolonged emersion In these sub-optimal habitats. -
Notes on the Nomenclature of the Macaronesian Patella Candei D
Notes on the nomenclature of the Macaronesian Patella candei d’Orbigny complex, with special reference to Patella ordinaria Mabille and Patella crenata Gmelin (Patellogastropoda, Patellidae) Freek F.L.M. Titselaar Korte Groendal 16, 4301 cj Zierikzee, The Netherlands; [email protected] Titselaar, F.F.L.M., 2019. Notes on the nomencla- the Mediterranean Sea and the European mainland. Other ture of the Macaronesian Patella candei d’Orbigny authors discerned the island dwellers from their mainland complex, with special reference to Patella ordinaria relatives and introduced new taxa e.g. P. candei d’Orbigny, Mabille and Patella crenata Gmelin (Patellogas- 1840; P. gomesii Drouët, 1858; P. ordinaria Mabille, 1888. tropoda, Patellidae). – Basteria 83 (4-6): 158-165. Christiaens (1974: 1323-1324) synonymized many taxa with P. Published 9 November 2019 candei and introduced the so-called P. candei complex con- taining four subspecies based on differences in shell mor- phology. In his sequence: P. candei candei mainly from the Patella candei d’Orbigny, 1840 is a taxon reported from Selvagens Islands, P. candei ordinaria Mabille, 1888 mainly the Azores, the Canary Islands, Madeira and the Selva- from Madeira, P. candei crenata Gmelin, 1791 (Auct.) mainly gens Islands. The taxonomic status of the species has been from the Canary Islands and P. candei gomesii Drouët, 1858 the subject to several interpretations. Christiaens (1974) from the Azores. P. candei sensu lato does not occur on the introduced the so-called P. candei complex encompassing Cape Verde Islands. Nevertheless, the taxonomic status of P. four subspecies based on differences in shell morphology. candei remained open to various interpretations. -
The Natural Resources of Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary
Marine Sanctuaries Conservation Series ONMS-13-05 The Natural Resources of Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary: A Focus on Federal Waters Final Report June 2013 U.S. Department of Commerce National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Ocean Service Office of National Marine Sanctuaries June 2013 About the Marine Sanctuaries Conservation Series The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Ocean Service (NOS) administers the Office of National Marine Sanctuaries (ONMS). Its mission is to identify, designate, protect and manage the ecological, recreational, research, educational, historical, and aesthetic resources and qualities of nationally significant coastal and marine areas. The existing marine sanctuaries differ widely in their natural and historical resources and include nearshore and open ocean areas ranging in size from less than one to over 5,000 square miles. Protected habitats include rocky coasts, kelp forests, coral reefs, sea grass beds, estuarine habitats, hard and soft bottom habitats, segments of whale migration routes, and shipwrecks. Because of considerable differences in settings, resources, and threats, each marine sanctuary has a tailored management plan. Conservation, education, research, monitoring and enforcement programs vary accordingly. The integration of these programs is fundamental to marine protected area management. The Marine Sanctuaries Conservation Series reflects and supports this integration by providing a forum for publication and discussion of the complex issues currently facing the sanctuary system. Topics of published reports vary substantially and may include descriptions of educational programs, discussions on resource management issues, and results of scientific research and monitoring projects. The series facilitates integration of natural sciences, socioeconomic and cultural sciences, education, and policy development to accomplish the diverse needs of NOAA’s resource protection mandate. -
Downloaded from SRA)
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/457770; this version posted October 31, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC 4.0 International license. 1 Deep gastropod relationships resolved 1 2 2 Tauana Junqueira Cunha and Gonzalo Giribet Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA 1Corresponding author: [email protected] | orcid.org/0000-0002-8493-2117 [email protected] | orcid.org/0000-0002-5467-8429 3 4 Abstract 5 Gastropod mollusks are arguably the most diverse and abundant animals in the oceans, and are 6 successful colonizers of terrestrial and freshwater environments. Here we resolve deep relationships between 7 the five major gastropod lineages - Caenogastropoda, Heterobranchia, Neritimorpha, Patellogastropoda 8 and Vetigastropoda - with highly congruent and supported phylogenomic analyses. We expand taxon 9 sampling for underrepresented lineages with new transcriptomes, and conduct analyses accounting for the 10 most pervasive sources of systematic errors in large datasets, namely compositional heterogeneity, site 11 heterogeneity, heterotachy, variation in evolutionary rates among genes, matrix completeness and gene 12 tree conflict. We find that vetigastropods and patellogastropods are sister taxa, and that neritimorphs 13 are the sister group to caenogastropods and heterobranchs. With this topology, we reject the traditional 14 Archaeogastropoda, which united neritimorphs, vetigastropods and patellogastropods, and is still used in 15 the organization of collections of many natural history museums. -
Prosobranch Gastropods of Guam
Micronesica 35-36:244-270. 2003 Prosobranch gastropods of Guam BARRY D. SMITH Marine Laboratory University of Guam Mangilao, Guam 96923 U.S.A. email: [email protected] Abstract—Based on records from invertebrate collections at the University of Guam, specimens cataloged at other institutions, and the published literature, there are 895 species of prosobranch gastropods from Guam. The vast majority of the species are marine, but terrestrial and aquatic prosobranchs are included. Most the species recorded to date are conspicuous, epibenthic species from shallow reef habitats, but some species have been taken from depths up to 400 m. Microgastropods less than 7 mm in size have been poorly investigated to date. Comparison of prosobranch gastropods from Guam and Enewetak reveal that some 56% of the species occurring at Enewetak are found in Guam. Introduction Molluscs have been collected in Guam since the arrival of the earliest inhabitants (Thompson, 1945). Despite the long history of European contact with the island, scant attention was given to systematic investigation of the fauna until the collections of Quoy and Gaimard (1824–1826; 1830–1834). Hidalgo (1904– 1905) was the first to produce a catalog that included molluscs from Guam, but his emphasis was mostly on the Philippine Islands fauna. This catalog was followed by a series of unpublished lists produced by shell collectors and shell club members during the last several decades. Synoptic collections of molluscs from Guam and Micronesia were started by faculty of the University of Guam in the mid-1960s. These collections are housed in the Richard E. Dickinson Memorial Mollusc Collection at the University of Guam Marine Laboratory. -
The Limpet Form in Gastropods: Evolution, Distribution, and Implications for the Comparative Study of History
Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2016, , – . With 1 figure. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2017, 120 , 22–37. With 1 figures 2 G. J. VERMEIJ A B The limpet form in gastropods: evolution, distribution, and implications for the comparative study of history GEERAT J. VERMEIJ* Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA,USA C D Received 19 April 2015; revised 30 June 2016; accepted for publication 30 June 2016 The limpet form – a cap-shaped or slipper-shaped univalved shell – convergently evolved in many gastropod lineages, but questions remain about when, how often, and under which circumstances it originated. Except for some predation-resistant limpets in shallow-water marine environments, limpets are not well adapted to intense competition and predation, leading to the prediction that they originated in refugial habitats where exposure to predators and competitors is low. A survey of fossil and living limpets indicates that the limpet form evolved independently in at least 54 lineages, with particularly frequent origins in early-diverging gastropod clades, as well as in Neritimorpha and Heterobranchia. There are at least 14 origins in freshwater and 10 in the deep sea, E F with known times ranging from the Cambrian to the Neogene. Shallow-water limpets are most diverse at mid- latitudes; predation-resistant taxa are rare in cold water and absent in freshwater. These patterns contrast with the mainly Late Cretaceous and Caenozoic warm-water origins of features such as the labral tooth, enveloped shell, varices, and burrowing-enhancing sculpture that confer defensive and competitive benefits on molluscs. -
The Character and Status of Rocky Shore Communities At
Journal of the Lundy Field Society, 5, 2016 THE CHARACTER AND STATUS OF ROCKY SHORE COMMUNITIES AT LUNDY: HISTORIC AND RECENT SURVEYS by KEITH HISCOCK1 AND JULIET BRODIE2 1 Marine Biological Association, The Laboratory, Plymouth, PL1 2PB 2Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD 1 Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT A study of species on some Lundy shores was made by ten marine ecologists in August-September 2008 with subsequent surveys and observations up until 2015. Comparisons were made with site-specific species lists made by L.A. Harvey from the late 1940s and obtained in 2009. Species numbers and identity were similar between 2008 and 2015 to those in the late 1940s. The few notable differences can largely be attributed to serendipitous finds of normally subtidal species and specialist taxonomic knowledge of some personnel. Taxa associated with turfs of coralline algae seemed slightly less rich but broadly similar after 60 years. Keywords: Lundy, rocky shores, Harvey, species records, coralline turfs INTRODUCTION Changes in the flora and fauna of north-east Atlantic shores are expected as a result of rising temperatures (see, for example, Hiscock et al. 2004) and the arrival of non-native species (see, for example, Minchin et al. 2013). However, reliable survey data from locations that can be resurveyed are frequently lacking. In the case of rocky shores at Lundy, the existence of detailed field notes from the late 1940s and 1950 makes a comparison with recent years possible. An account of the species found on certain rocky shores at Lundy compared to some of the observations of Leslie and Clare Harvey in the late 1940s and early 1950s was given in Hiscock (2008) and the current paper should be read in combination with that earlier one. -
Ofsouth-East Asia: an Introduction
Phuhet Marine Biological Center Special Publication 21(3): 595-601 (2000) 595 SI{ALLOW -WATER "ARCIIAEOGA,STROPODS" OFSOUTH-EAST ASIA: AN INTRODUCTION Richard Kilburn Natal Museum South Africa Tropical Marine Mollusc Progratnrne (TMMP) 596 INTRODUCTION Order Vetigastropoda Superfamily Pleurotomarioidea The term "archaeogastropod" is here used Family Pleurotomariidae [not covered] only as a convenient way of grouping to- Superfamily Scissurelloidea gether the more primitive prosobranch fami- Family Scissurellidae [not covered] lies. Modern systematic techniques have led Superfamily Haliotoidea to the families of the old order "Archaeo- Family Haliotidae gastropoda" to be redistributed into three Superfamily Fissurelloidea different orders (in two different subclasses). Family Fissurellidae Among the characters found in different Superfamily Trochoidea archaeogastropod families (no family has all Familv Turbinidae of them) are a nacreous shell interior, a lim- Family Trochidae pet like-form, a rounded aperture without a Family Skeneidae lnot covered] distinct anterior canal and a horny opercu- lum of many spiral turns (in some calcare- Onopn Npnrropswa ous or with few turns). Paired gills occur in Superfamily Neritoidea some, and are often associated with a slit, Family Neritidae hole or series of holes in the shell, which Family Neritopsidae serve for the expulsion of stale water. At the Family Phenacolepadidae other extreme, some of the limpet families have lost true gills and use a ring of mantle tentacles called pallial gills for respiration. SUMMARY OF THE MAIN The radula typically bears numerous teeth ARCIIAEOGASTROPOD in each row (the rhipidoglossate state) or FAMILIES REPRESENTED only a few greatly strengthened, hook-like IN S. E. ASIA: teeth per row (the docoglossate radula) Archaeogastropods are mainly grazers, us- ing the powerful radula to scrape algae off ORDER PATELLOGASTROPODA rock surfaces. -
'Impossible're-Introduction of the Endangered Limpet Patella Ferruginea Gmelin, 1791? Progress in Resolving Translocation Mortality
Vol. 37: 219–232, 2018 ENDANGERED SPECIES RESEARCH Published November 9 https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00921 Endang Species Res OPENPEN ACCESSCCESS ‘Impossible’ re-introduction of the endangered limpet Patella ferruginea Gmelin, 1791? Progress in resolving translocation mortality D. A. Fa1,2,*, G. Finlayson1,2, J. Sempere-Valverde3, J. C. García-Gómez3,4 1The University of Gibraltar, Europa Point Campus, Gibraltar GX11 1AA 2The Gibraltar National Museum, 18-20 Bomb House Lane, Gibraltar GX11 1AA 3Laboratorio de Biología Marina, Dpto. Zoología, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes 6, 41012 Sevilla, Spain 4Área de Investigación Biológica I+D+I del Acuario de Sevilla, Muelle de las Delicias s/n, 41012 Seville, Spain ABSTRACT: The Mediterranean ribbed limpet Patella ferruginea Gmelin, 1791 is the most endan- gered marine invertebrate listed in the EU Habitats Directive. A diversity of anthropic pressures have reduced its present-day distribution to a fraction of its former size. Perhaps surprisingly, this highly protected species has successfully established along man-made harbour breakwaters, resulting in serious complications when these structures have required modification or repair, often leading to costly impasses due to the legal status of the species. Attempts to move the limpets to other locations have resulted in unacceptably high mortality rates. This article describes the result of a field experiment where 97 P. ferruginea individuals were transported to a new site, using a technique which involved carefully moving the limpets whilst inactive (during low tide), still attached to their home scars on breakwater boulders. The results of this experiment were sig- nificantly positive, with 87% of all translocated limpets still alive 10 mo after the move, a mortality rate which compared favourably with that obtained for the existing control population at the receptor site. -
Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Antalya Bay, Turkey
Turk J Zool 33 (2009) 359-365 © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/zoo-0707-3 Further SEM assessment of radular characters of the limpets Patella caerulea Linneaus 1758 and P. r u stica Linneaus 1758 (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Antalya Bay, Turkey Beria FALAKALI MUTAF*, Deniz AKŞİT Akdeniz University, Faculty of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries, Dumlupınar Bulvarı, 07059 Antalya - TURKEY Received: 05.07.2007 Abstract: This paper aims to elucidate the structure and design of radulae of 2 species of limpet, namely Patella caerulea and P. r u sti ca . Samples were examined by light microscope and SEM. Although the general formula is the same, the pattern of each dentition differed between the 2 species. General morphology and histology of odontophore showed structural significance of the organ, suggesting a further study to confirm ecological choice of the genus at different intertidal levels. Key words: Mollusca, Gastropoda, Patella caerulea, Patella rustica, radula Antalya Körfezi Patella türlerinde SEM’de ayrıntılı radula karakterlerin belirlenmesi, Patella caerulea Linneaus 1758 ve P. r u stica Linneaus 1758 (Mollusca: Gastropoda) Özet: Çalışmada iki Patella türü Patella caerulea ve P. r u sti ca , olarak adlandırılan radula sıralanış modeli ve yapısının ayrıntılı olarak ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Örnekler ışık ve taramalı elektron mikroskoplarında incelenmiştir. Genel formül aynı olmasına rağmen, iki tür arasında diş yapılarında farklılıklar bulunmaktadır. Odontoforun genel morfolojisi ve histolojisi organın yapısal önemini göstermiş olup, daha ileriki çalışmalarda cinsin farklı gel-git seviyelerinde ekolojik tercihlerinin araştırılması önerilmektedir. Anahtar sözcükler: Mollusca, Gastropoda, Patella caerulea, Patella rustica, radula Introduction shell form and size, foot color and radular Genus Patella, known as a limpet, is one of the characteristics (Corte–Real et al., 1996).