Adansonia kilima sp. nov., a diploid baobab from Africa TAXON
Morphology, ploidy and molecular phylogenetics reveal a new diploid species from Africa in the baobab genus Adansonia (Malvaceae: Bombacoideae)
Jack D. Pettigrew FRS,!"# Karen L. Bell,$"% Adhil Bhagwandin,& Eunice Grinan,' Ngalla Jillani,& Jean Meyer,( Emily Wabuyele) & Claudia E. Vickers#
1 Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia 2 Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne, Birdwood Avenue, South Yarra, Victoria 3141, Australia School of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia 4 School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, 2193, South Africa Centre for Microscopy & Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072 Australia 6 Pretoria National Herbarium, Cussonia Ave, Bremmeria 0001, South Africa East African Herbarium, Museum Hill Road, P.O Box 45166, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072 Australia Jack D. Pettigrew, [email protected]
Abstract Adansonia Adansonia digitata A. digitata A. digitata Adansonia kilima A. digitata Adansonia kilima A. digitata Adansonia kilima A. digitata Adansonia A. digitata A. kilima -
Keywords Adansonia kilima
Supplementary Material
INTRODUCTION - Adansonia digitata - - - Adansonia - A. digitata
1240 TAXON Adansonia kilima sp. nov., a diploid baobab from Africa
A. gregorii A. digitata - A. grandidieri A. su- arezensis A. rubrostipa A. za A. digitata A. madagascariensis A. perrieri - - A. Adansonia (A. digitata Brevitubae A. grandidieri A. suarezensis Longitubae A. gregorii Adansonia . A. kilima A. gregorii Adansonia - MATERIALS AND METHODS Sampling. — A. digitata Adansonia - - A. gregorii Adansonia - .
Bombacoid outgroups Fig. . Malagasy A. perrieri - A. madagascariensis Hawk moth pollinated A. za A. rubrostipa A. digitata A. suarezensis Mammal pollinated A. grandidieri - Limited Australian A. gregorii information African hypothetical diploid - Mammal pollinated A. digitata
1241 Adansonia kilima sp. nov., a diploid baobab from Africa TAXON
DNA sequencing. — - - - - g - psbA-trnH trnL-trnF - - ! Morphological analyses. — - - A. gregorii A. madagascariensis - (A. digitata Phylogenetic analysis. — - A. kilima A. digitata - - - - Chromosome number. — - - Cavanillesia platanifolia
1242 TAXON Adansonia kilima sp. nov., a diploid baobab from Africa
- Table . A. kilima A. digitata n = A. kilima A. digitata n RESULTS A. kilima A. digitata Morphological differentiation between the diploid and the tetraploid. — - n = 160 - A. digitata 1 n) 160
Fig. . Adansonia kilima A. digitata A, A. kilima B, A. digitata C, A. kilima D, A. digitata A. kilima A. digitata Adansonia kilima A. digitata A. digitata A. kilima A. digitata
Adansonia kilima sp. nov., a diploid baobab from Africa TAXON
A. kilima A. kilima A. digitata Adansonia A. kilima - A. kilima - A. kilima A. digitata - A. kilima A. digitata A. kilima A. kilima A. digitata A. digitata - A. kilima Adansonia A. kilima A. digitata Phylogenetic analysis. — psbA-trnH A. kilima trnL-trnF - A. digitata - A. digitata A. kil- ima - A. digitata - Adansonia digitata A. kilima A. digitata
Fig. . Adansonia A. digi- tata (Ad) A. kilima (Ak) - A. kilima Adansonia digitata A. kilima A. madagascariensis - A. kilima A. gregorii - A. kilima
1244 TAXON Adansonia kilima sp. nov., a diploid baobab from Africa
- - psbA-trnH trnL-trnF A. perrieri A. za trnL- A. grandidieri A. suarezensis Adansonia Brevi- trnF tubae
A trnL-trnF B ITS
Cavanillesia platanifolia HQ696737 Cavanillesia platanifolia HQ658371 A. madagascariensis AF028534 A. suarezensis DIEB005.i JN400304 87 66 A. madagascariensis AF028533 54 A. grandidieri HQ696739 77 A. perrieri AF028538
A. rubrostipa Aru1 JN400306 A. za AF028536 A. grandidieri AF028527 A. za HQ696741 61 89 A. grandidieri AF028528 62 A. madagascariensis Ama1 JN400307 A. suarezensis AF028529
A. gregorii HQ696740 A. rubrostipa AF028531
A. digitata HQ696378 A. gregorii AF028524 A. sp. AF028525 85 A. kilima 402 JX178941 A. kilima 488 JX178940 A. kilima 488 JX178942 100 A. kilima 402 JX178939 2.0 substitutions A. digitata AF028526 94 A. digitata Adi2 JX254900 20.0 substitutions
C trnL-trnF D ITS
Cavanillesia platanifolia HQ696737 Cavanillesia platanifolia HQ658371
A. madagascariensis Ama1 JN400307 1 A. madagascariensis AF028534 0.89 A. madagascariensis AF028533 A. rubrostipa Aru1 JN400306 0.86 A. perrieri AF028538 A. za HQ696741 A. za AF028536 0.92 0.72 A. suarezensis DIEB005.i JN400304 A. grandidieri AF028528 0.79 A. grandidieri HQ696739 A. grandidieri AF028527
0.96 A. suarezensis AF028529 A. gregorii HQ696740 A. rubrostipa AF028531 A. kilima 402 JX178941 A. gregorii AF028524 A. kilima 402 JX178939 0.88 A. kilima 488 JX178942 0.76 A. kilima 488 JX178940 1 A. sp. HQ696378 A. sp. AF028525 0.02 subs/site 1 A. digitata AF028526 A. digitata Adi2 JX254900
0.03 subs/site
Fig. . trnL-trnF (A) (B) trnL-trnF (C) (D) - A. kilima - (B) (D) Adansonia
Adansonia kilima sp. nov., a diploid baobab from Africa TAXON
psbA-trnH Adansonia - A. rubrostipa A. madagascariensis A. digitata A. gregorii - rpl16 A. digitata - A. kilima - A. digitata. Adansonia A. kilima - A. gregorii. Cavanillesia platanifolia A. digitata - A. kilima DISCUSSION Ploidy level and morphology differentiate two African species. — A. gregorii - A. grandidieri A. suarezensis Adansonia Brevitubae - A. kilima A. digitata A. gregorii - Adansonia - Phylogenetic conclusions for Adansonia. — - A. kilima A. digitata A. gregorii - trnL-trnF A. digitata A. kilima Adansonia A. kilima - A. digitata A. kilima A. digitata A. kilima - A. digitata - Adansonia
1246 TAXON Adansonia kilima sp. nov., a diploid baobab from Africa
Adansonia digitata A. kilima A. digitata - A. kilima - A. digitata A. kilima Altitudinal distribution of African species. — - A. digitata A. kilima A. kilima - –" –" - A. kilima A. digitata - Adansonia A. kilima A. digitata - - Concluding comments. — A. digitata A. digitata A. kilima - - Adansonia A. kilima Ploidy of Adansonia digitata. — Adansonia digitata - A. digitata A. kilima - A. kilima A. digitata - Adansonia A. kilima A. digitata A. kilima. - A. digitata A. kilima A. digi- tata - A. kilima A. digitata - A. digitata
Adansonia kilima sp. nov., a diploid baobab from Africa TAXON
- A. kilima A. digitata - Adansonia A. digitata A. digitata A. digitata - A. digitata A. kilima - TAXONOMIC CONCLUSIONS 44 Adan- sonia A. kilima - - kilima A. kilima A. digitata A. . Adansonia. Distribution and ecology. – A. kilima Adansonia kilima - sp. nov. Adansonia digitata A. kilima Jack Pettigrew & Chloë Callis- temon 1 Jack Pettigrew & Chloë Callistemon s.n. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Diagnosis. – Adansoniae digitatae - - - A. digitata - A. digitata A. digi- tata A. digitata - A. digitata - 44 A. digitata A. digitata - n Description - A. digitata -
TAXON Adansonia kilima sp. nov., a diploid baobab from Africa
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Appendix. psbA-trnH trnL-trnF Adansonia digitata L., Australia, J. Pettigrew 259 . A. digitata, Australia, J. Pettigrew 210 A. digitata, Kenya, J. Pettigrew 293 A. digitata, Zimbabwe, J. Pettigrew 444Z A. digitata, Tanzania, J. Pettigrew 361 A. digitata, South Africa, J. Pettigrew 404 A. digitata, Senegal, P. Danthu Adi2 A. digitata,a,c U.S.A., Small s.n. A. digitata,b,c Burkina Faso, Baum 349 A. digitata,a,d A. digitata,e Kenya, 770032002 A. digitata,f A. grandidieri Baill.,c,e Madagascar, Baum 345 A. grandidieri,c Madagascar, Baum 347 A. gregorii Muell., Australia, J. Pettigrew 81 A. gregorii, Australia, J. Pettigrew 76 A. gregorii, Australia, J. Pettigrew 37 A. gregorii, Australia, J. Pettigrew 233 A. gregorii, South Africa, J. Pettigrew 400 A. gregorii, Australia, J. Pettigrew 70 A. gregorii, Australia, J. Pettigrew 220 A. gregorii, Australia, J. Pettigrew 85 A. gregorii, Australia, J. Pettigrew 73 A. gregorii, Australia, J. Pettigrew 201 A. gregorii, Australia, J. Pettigrew 222 A. gregorii, Australia, J. Pettigrew 219 A. gregorii,c,e Australia, Wendell s.n. A. kilima Pettigrew & al., South Africa, J. Pettigrew & C. Callistemon 1 A. kilima, Namibia, J. Pettigrew & C. Callistemon s.n. A. kilima, Kenya, J. Pettigrew 306 A. kilima, Tanzania, J. Pettigrew 326 A. kilima, Kenya, J. Pettigrew 313 A. kilima, Tanzania, J. Pettigrew 363 A. kilima, Tanzania, J. Pettigrew 319 A. kilima, Tanzania, J. Pettigrew 331 A. kilima, Kenya, J. Pettigrew 304 A. kilima, Tanzania, J. Pettigrew 371 A. kilima, Tanzania, J. Pettigrew 350 A. kilima, Tanzania, J. Pettigrew 325 A. kilima, Tanzania, J. Pettigrew 355 A. madagascariensis Baill., Mada- gascar, P. Danthu Ama1 A. madagascariensis,c Madagascar, Baum 338 A. madagascariensis,c Madagascar, Baum 338 A. perrieri Capuron, Australia, J. Pettigrew 208 A. perrieri,c Madagascar, Baum 359 A. rubrostipa Jum. & H. Perrier, Madagascar, P. Danthu Aru1 A. rubrostipa, Madagascar, Baum 54 A. suarezensis H. Perrier, Mada- gascar, C. Kull DIEB005.i A. suarezensis,c Madagascar, Baum 348 A. za Baill., Australia, J. Pettigrew 206 A. za,c,e Madagascar, Baum 357 A. za,c Baum s.n. Cavanillesia platanifolia (Bonpl.) Kunth,g Panama, R. Perez 445949 C. platanifolia,e U.S.A., FG83343A A. digitata A. digitata