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Estudio Comparativo De La Alta Velocidad Ferroviaria: Presente Y Futuro

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Estudio Comparativo De La Alta Velocidad Ferroviaria: Presente Y Futuro ESTUDIO COMPARATIVO DE LA ALTA VELOCIDAD FERROVIARIA: PRESENTE Y FUTURO AUTOR: EDUARDO GUARDDON MUÑOZ DIRECTOR: LUIS LEZÁUN MARTINEZ DE UBAGO ESPECIALIDAD: MECÁNICA CONVOCATORIA: SEPTIEMBRE 2015 Eduardo Guarddon Muñoz Estudio comparativo de la alta velocidad ferroviaria: presente y futuro 2 Eduardo Guarddon Muñoz Estudio comparativo de la alta velocidad ferroviaria: presente y futuro INDICE. 1. INTRODUCCIÓN .................................................................................................................... 8 2. OBJETIVO Y ALCANCE DEL PROYECTO ................................................................................. 9 3. ALTA VELOCIDAD ................................................................................................................ 10 3.1. PRINCIPIOS DE LA ALTA VELOCIDAD .......................................................................... 10 3.2. HISTORIA DE LA ALTA VELOCIDAD ............................................................................. 11 3.2.1. JAPÓN AÑOS 70-80: CONSTRUCCION DE NUEVAS LINEAS................................ 12 3.2.2. JAPÓN FINALES DEL SIGLO XX Y PRINCIPIOS DEL XXI ........................................ 13 3.2.3. ITALIA .................................................................................................................. 14 3.2.4. FRANCIA .............................................................................................................. 16 3.2.5. LAS LÍNEAS DE ALTA VELOCIDAD FRANCESAS (LGV) ......................................... 17 3.2.6. ALEMANIA ........................................................................................................... 20 3.2.7. ESPAÑA ............................................................................................................... 21 3.2.8. LOS INICIOS DE LA ALTA VELOCIDAD EN ESPAÑA ............................................. 22 3.2.9. COREA DEL SUR ................................................................................................... 24 3.2.10. TAIWÁN. .............................................................................................................. 24 3.2.11. REPÚBLICA POPULAR CHINA .............................................................................. 25 4. EL TREN DE ALTA VELOCIDAD. ........................................................................................... 27 4.1. EUROPA ....................................................................................................................... 29 4.1.1. ESPAÑA ............................................................................................................... 29 4.1.1.1. AVE SERIE 100 ............................................................................................. 29 4.1.1.2. MATERIAL RODANTE .................................................................................. 32 4.1.1.3. LINEAS ALTA VELOCIDAD ............................................................................ 35 4.1.2. FRANCIA .............................................................................................................. 37 4.1.2.1. CARACTERÍSTICAS TGV ............................................................................... 39 4.1.2.2. VÍAS ............................................................................................................. 41 4.1.2.3. DISEÑO DEL TRAZADO ................................................................................ 41 4.1.2.4. LIMITACIONES DE TRÁFICO ........................................................................ 42 4.1.2.5. ALIMENTACIÓN ........................................................................................... 42 4.1.2.6. SEPARACIÓN. .............................................................................................. 43 4.1.2.7. SEÑALIZACIÓN ............................................................................................ 43 3 Eduardo Guarddon Muñoz Estudio comparativo de la alta velocidad ferroviaria: presente y futuro 4.1.2.8. ESTACIONES ................................................................................................ 45 4.1.2.9. MATERIAL RODANTE .................................................................................. 46 4.1.2.10. TGV SUD-EST ............................................................................................... 48 4.1.2.11. TGV ATLANTIQUE ........................................................................................ 49 4.1.2.12. TGV RÉSEAU ................................................................................................ 50 4.1.2.13. EUROSTAR ................................................................................................... 51 4.1.2.14. TGV DUPLEX ................................................................................................ 53 4.1.2.15. THALYS PBKA .............................................................................................. 54 4.1.2.16. TGV POS ...................................................................................................... 55 4.1.2.17. TGV DASYE .................................................................................................. 55 4.1.3. ITALIA .................................................................................................................. 57 4.1.3.1. ETR 500 ........................................................................................................ 58 4.1.3.2. ETR 480 ........................................................................................................ 59 4.1.3.3. ETR 460 ........................................................................................................ 60 4.1.3.4. LÍNEAS ......................................................................................................... 61 4.1.4. ALEMANIA ........................................................................................................... 63 4.1.4.1. ICE 3 ............................................................................................................. 64 4.1.4.2. CLASE 403 .................................................................................................... 66 4.1.4.3. CLASE 406 .................................................................................................... 67 4.1.4.4. CLASE 407 SIEMENS VELARO D .................................................................. 69 4.1.4.5. RED ICE ........................................................................................................ 73 4.1.5. REINO UNIDO ...................................................................................................... 73 4.1.5.1. EUROSTAR ................................................................................................... 74 4.2. ASIA. ............................................................................................................................ 75 4.2.1. COREA. ................................................................................................................ 75 4.2.2. JAPÓN.................................................................................................................. 77 4.2.2.1. SERIES SHINKANSEN. .................................................................................. 77 4.2.2.1.1. SHINKANSEN SERIE 500. .......................................................................... 78 4.2.2.1.2. SHINKANSEN E6. ...................................................................................... 82 4.2.2.1.3. SHINKANSEN N700. ................................................................................. 84 4.2.2.2. LINEAS. ........................................................................................................ 92 4.2.3. CHINA .................................................................................................................. 94 4.2.3.1. SHANGHAI MAGLEV.................................................................................... 97 4 Eduardo Guarddon Muñoz Estudio comparativo de la alta velocidad ferroviaria: presente y futuro 5. PRINCIPALES PLATAFORMAS PARA MUY ALTA VELOCIDAD ........................................... 101 5.1. TALGO AVRIL ............................................................................................................. 101 5.1.1. GENERACIONES ................................................................................................. 102 5.1.2. SISTEMAS EMPLEADOS ..................................................................................... 103 5.1.2.1. REDUCCIÓN DE PESO ................................................................................ 103 5.1.2.2. CAJA ANCHA.............................................................................................. 104 5.1.2.3. SISTEMAS ACTIVOS DE GUIADO ............................................................... 106 5.1.2.4. SUSPENSIÓN ACTIVA ................................................................................ 107 5.1.2.5. SISTEMA REGATO ..................................................................................... 107 5.1.3. OTROS SISTEMAS .............................................................................................. 108 5.1.3.1. ANÁLISIS DINÁMICO ................................................................................. 108 5.1.3.2. EJE DINAMOMÉTRICO .............................................................................. 110 5.1.3.3. REDUCCIÓN DE PESO ...............................................................................
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