References Employed in the Footnotes

Bao, Guiqin. Qingdai Menggu guanshi zhuan. Beijing: Minzu chubanshe, 1995. Bawden, Charles R. TheModern History of . New York: Praeger, 1968. Brunnert, H. S. and V. V. Hagelstrom. Present Day Political Organization of China. Shanghai: Kelly & Walsh, 1912. A Buddhist Terminological Dictionary. The Mongolian Mahavyutpatti. Edited by Alice S^rkbzi in collaboration with Janos Szerb. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1995. Mongolian-English Dictionary. Edited by Ferdinand D. Lessing. Bloomington: Mongolia Society, 1973. Mongolian Heroes of the Twentieth Century. Edited and translated by Urgunge Onon. New York: AMS Press, 1976. Olziikhutag, N. Biigd Nairamdakh Mongol Ard Ulsyn guurst urgamlyn Latin-Mongol- Oros neriin toT. : Shinjlekh Ukhaany Akademiin Khevlel, 1983. (Ulsyn ner tom ’eony komissyn medee. No. 129-133). Rupen, Robert A. Mongols of the Twentieth Century. Bloomington: Indiana University, 1964. Sanders, Alan J. K. Historical Dictionary of Mongolia. Lanham: Scarecrow Press, 1996. . The People’s Republic of Mongolia: A General Reference Guide. London: Oxford University Press, 1968. Tsevel, Ya. Mongol khelnij tovch tajlbar toT. Ulaanbaatar: Ulsyn Khevlelijn Khereg Erkhlekh Khoroo, 1966. Who waj Who in the USSR. Compiled by the Institute for the Study of the USSR. Metu- chen: Scarecrow Press, 1972. —Henry G. Schwarz INDEX

Note: Some non-Mongolian names have been transliterated into Mongolian in the original, and then transliterated into English for this translation of the Mongolian original text. Wherever possible an attempt has been made to restore them to their original spelling.

Anand, 143 Anfilogov, S. N., 124 A Arab-Israel conflict, 142 arj, 7n27 Aalto, Pentii, 171n9 arkhi, 7n27 aarch, 3nl6 Arslan Tsagaan, 3-4 aaruul, 2, 3nl6, 8, 55 Association of Mongolian Graduates of the Abakumov, Sergei Ivanovich, 124nl Soviet Union, 147 Abematsu, Gen’ichi, 184 Avkhai, J., 187 abominable snowman. See almas Avkhia, General, PI. 38 Academy of Sciences, xxii, xxiii, 169, 170, Awakening, 215 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 180, 184, Axis, Berlin-Tokyo-Rome, 76 185, 192,211,214,218 “Ayuush”, 121 Ackermann, Anton, 129 Azerbaidjan, 148 Ad’yaa, G„ PI. 38; 187 Adilbish, D., 160 Afro-Asian Solidarity Association, 142 B Agitator's Note Book, 105 agriculture, postwar, 154 Baasanjav, B., 158 aimag, 2n4 Baatar, the elder, 207 airag, 2nl6, 7n27 Baatar, the younger, 207 Aleksandrov, A. P., 189 badar (begging bowl), 24nl3 Aleksandrov, Georgii Fedorovich, 102n8 Badmaarav, PI. 48 Alexandria, 141 Badrakh, 65 Allen, D. F., 183 bag, 1 Almaas, 144, 146 Bagdash, Khaled, 142 almas, 189-191. See also abominable Bagramyan, I. Kh., 98 snowman. Big Foot Baigaliin uzesgelen, khiinii bayasgalan, 149 Altan Gadas medal, 86n6, 140 Baikal, Lake, 71 Altanbulag, 66 Bakhrushin, Sergai Vladimirovich, 102nl0 Amadu, Jorge, PI. 28; 140, 141 Baldan, T., 212 Amar, 83, 94 Baldandash, L., 170 Index 221

Baldoo, B„ 121 btirekh, 3nl6 Balevskii, Angel, 180 Buddhist-Party tensions, 38 Balganjav, T., 158 Buddhists, persecution of, 46, 88 Balgoev, Dmitrii, 129 Bulganin, Nikolai Alexandrovich, 98, 157, Baljinnyam, D., 154, 159 160 Baljinnyam, L., 160 Bumtsend, G., PI. 5; 92, 95-97, 100, 104, Baljinnyam, Shirendev’s sister, PI. 40, 13, 116, 117 33 burial customs, 4n23 Balkhaajav, Ts., 215 Burov, V., 158 Bandung, 198n5 buttons of office, 6n26 Bangladesh, 198 Buusiyang (also Baoxiang), 206, 207n6 Bannikov, Andrei Grigor’evieh, 124 Buyankhishig (also Buyankheshig), 207n8 Banzragch, B., 158 Byamba, Jigjidiin, 63, 149 Baotou, 205 By-passing Capitalism, 168n3 Baoxiang. See Buusiyang Bardin, Ivan Pavlovich, 110n2, 119 Barsbold, R., 179 Bataa, D., 159 c Batmonkh, J., PL 38; 68, 187, 214 Cairo, 140, 141 Bat-Ochir, 81 Carr, Edward Hallett., 181 Bat-Ochir, D., 121 Cenggeltei, See Chinggeltei Bat-Ochir, O., 160 Central School of Agriculture at Tsetserleg Batsuur’, D., 125 Mandal, 39, 43 Bayar, Shirendev’s son, PI. 41; 163 Chadraa,B., 187, 189,212 Bazar, Shirendev’s father, 11, 19-20, 31,40, Chagdarjav, D., 112 death of, 55 Chandra, Ramesh, PI. 11; 141, 142, 197 heel, 49 Charles University. See Karl University Beijing, 137. See also China chatsargana, 172, 189 Belov, N. A., 98 Cherkasov, Nikolai Konstantinovich, 101 n5 Belyaev, S. T., 177 chikher obs, 9 Beregevoinar, G., 187 Chiang Kai-shek. See Jiang Jieshi Beria, Lavrenti Pavlovich, 101n4, 158 Chimed, Chorjilyn, PI. 22; 81 Berlin, 181 China, and Mongolian independence, 115; Bernal, John Desmond, 141, 142, 171 limited cultural influence of, 127; 156 Beshchev, B. N., 156, 161 China, People’s Republic of, 137 Betancourt, A., 201 Chinese traders, 1, 23, 33, 41, 58, 62, 167 Betancourt, PI. 36 Chinggeltei (also Cenggeltei, Qinggeertai), Bierut, Boleslaw, 136 206n5, 207 Big Foot. See almas Chinggis Khan, xiii, 23-24,205,206 Bira, Arkhu [iic,- perhaps Indian] 197 Bira, Sh., 197 chOb, 3nl6 Choibalsan, Khorloogiin, PI. 5, PI. 8, PI. 33, Blagoeva, Stela, 129 PI. 52; xxiv, 1, 75, 81, 89, 91, 92, 93, 94, Bloem, Isabella, 141, 142 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 103, 104, 115, Bdkhchuud clan, 7 119, 122, 123, 126, 128, 134, 157, 158, BdkhoO, 207 209 Bogd Khan, 3n21, 57-59, 62-63, 111,121, Choidog, D., 121 168 Choijinjav (also Coyijungjab, Que- Boldin, I. V., 98 jingzhabu), 207n9 Boudevin, J., 201 Choisdoo, early Party member, 26; Brezhnev, Leonid Il’ich, 189 Shirendev’s teacher, 64-65; 36-40 Bruevich, E. G., 110 Chuluun, Ch., composer, 121 Biidragchaa, S., 214 222 Index clans, 7 Demchig, 75 Coyijungjab. See Choijinjav Demid, General, 75, 158 collectivization, early. 51-54 Dendev, L., 122, 158 (also Lhamsurenjiin Comintern, 76 Dindub) Contemporary Mongolia, 111, 112n5 Densmaa, D., 151 cosmonauts, 186, 188 Ding, Ling, 143 Cotton, Eugene, 135, 141, 142 Dmitrov, Georgii, 140 Cyrillic alphabet, ofTicial adoption of, 119 Dogsom, D., 158 Czechoslovakia, 127 Dolgorsiiren, Ch., PI. 48; 121 Donya, Shirendev’s grandson, PI. 43, PI. 45 Dordnitsin, A., 174 D Dorj, Ts., 122 Dorjdagva, J., 121 Da Sheng Hu Company, 1 Dorjgotov, 86 daalimba, 51 Dradaa, Jan, 143 Dagvasambuu, PI. 39 Dragoicheva, Tsola, 163 Dagzmaa, A., 151 drama, popular, 62, 69. See also theater Daichin Van Khanddorj, 111 Dresden, 180 Dairtan clan, 7 Dubois, William Edward Burghardt, 165 Dalai Choinkhor, 1, 4, 63 DOgersuren, J., 110 , 42 DiigersUren, L., 121 Damba, D., PI. 5; 94, 95. 104. 116, 134, Dugersuren, M., 137 156, 158, 159, 160, 164, 209 DiigersUren, PI. 23 Damba, Sh., 158 Dulamjav, 137 Dambadarjaa, S., Ambassador, PI. 51, PI. Duvchin, 83 24; 182 Dylykov, Sandzhe Dantsikovich, 165 Damchaabadgar, PI. 39; 19, 31-32, 34, 36, 39-40, 54, 65 Damdin, 159 E Damdin, J., 190 Damdindorj, O., 198 East Germany. See German Democratic Damdinsiiren, “Green Hat,” 63 Republic DamdinsUren, B., composer, 121 education, traditional, 14, 19, 29-31; mod­ Damdinsuren, Tsendiin, PI. 14, PI. 21; 106, em, 59, 61, 67-68, 129-134 124, 139, 156, 158, 160, 170,213 eedruulekh, 2nl6 Dangaasuren, N., 109, 160 eezgii, 2, 3nl6 Danjuur, 175 Efremov, I., 119 Danzan, A., 112 Egypt, 141 Danzan, D., theatrical clown, 121 Eh Mi Hsiao. See Hsiao Emi Dar’jav, L., 158 Eldev-Ochir, 65 Dariina, Shirendev’s granddaughter, PI. 44 Elyutin, V. P., 148, 161 Dash, M., xxi Endicott, James, 141, 142 Dashiimaa, 71 England, 1, 90, 140, 141, 165, 181, 202 Dashiimaa, S., 125 environmentalism, 193-195 Dashjamts, D., 125 Erdene, Sengiin, 149 Dashzeveg, T., 84, 158 Erdenebilig, PI. 49 datsan, 13n4 Erdeniin Ochir medal, 111 Davaajamts, Ts., xxii, 179 Erenburg, ITya Grigor’evich, 93, 135n2, Deed Ud. See Ulaan Ud 137, 140, 143, 144 degd, 9 Everest, Mt. (Jomolungma), 195n4 Dejid, B., 187,212,213 Index 223

F Gira, Tulsi, 196 Gobi Desert, 82 Gombojav, B., 73 Fadeev, Aleksandr Aleksandrovich, 135nl, Gombojav, D., 211 141, 143 Gombojav, Khanginy (J. G. Hangin), Far Eastern Institute of the USSR Academy 183nl3 of Sciences, 164 Gonchig, D., 125 Farge, Yves, 139, 140 Gonchigsumlaa, S. Faure, Edgar, 202 composer, 121 Fedin, K„ PI. 10; 143 Gongorjav, B., 151 Fedorenko, Nikolai Traofimovich, 161 Gorbatko, V. V., 187 Fedorov, Ye. K., 169, 170, 186 Gorki, Maxim, 109 Fierlinger, Zdenek, 129 Gorodovikov, Oka Ivanovich, 97nl filial ceremonial behavior, 24 Gottwald, Kliment, PI. 34; 127 fish, cultural aversion to eating, 54 Grafurov, V. V (perhaps identical to B. G. folktales, 17n8,9, 23 Gafurov)., 210 Foteeva, L. A., 102 Grekov, Boris Dmitrievich (perhaps same France, 90, 202 person as B. G. Grekov), 127n3 Fuchik, G., 143 Grekov, B. G., 102 Fuchkova, G., 143 Gromyko, Andrei Andreevich, 161 Groshkovski, 180 Grotte, K., 180 G Giinjiin Uul, 49 Guber, A. A., 166 Gabj, 15n6, 23,31 Guo Moruo, 137n4, 138, 143, 170 Gafurov, Bobdzhan Gafurovich (See also Guomindang, 118 V. V. Grafurov), 165, 166, 210 Gurragchaa, JUgderdemidiin, PI. 38; 188- Gagarin, Yurii Alekseevich, 187 189 Galkin, I. S., 125 Gandhi, Indira, PI. 27; 198 Ganjuur, 175, 204 H Garam-Ochir, F., 186 Garin, V. I., 124 Hangin, John Gombojab. See Gombojav, Gavaa, L., 121 Kh. Gazenko, O. G., 187 Hattori, Shiro, 184 gelen, 41 Heissig, Walther, 184 Genden, P., 65, 158 Helsinki, 141 Genden, S., 121 herding economy, 7, 8, 9, 12, poswar, 154- Genden, T., 159 156 geography, traditional, 18-19 Hikmet, Nazim, 141 ger, 3nl7, 6 History ofHohhot, 207nl0 Gerasimov, Sergi Vasil’evich, 101n7 History of Mongolian-Soviet Relations, German Democratic Republic (East Ger­ 1921-1978, 168n5 many), 134, 173, 176, 180, 181, 185 History of the Mongolian Revolution of Germany, 90, 96, invasion of Russia, 78 1921, 168 Germany, East. See German Democratic History of the MPR [Mongolian People's Republic Republic], 126, 134, 164, 168n4, 173 gichgene, 8n29 History of World War //, 214 Gichgene R., 2n4 Hitler, Adolf, 76, 78, 90, 92, 97, 110 Gilen, Nicolas, 137, 140 Hohhot, 14, 14n5, 204 gimnaz, 67 Hong Kong, 144 Gipilmaa, G., 151 224 Index

Hsiao, Emi, 143 Jiigdemanijil, 70 Hungary, 128

K / Kabanov, F. G., 161 Ichinkhorloo, D., 121 Kachalin, I., 78 Ider R., 2nl4 Kaftanov, S., 125 Ikh Khural, 59, 121, 123, 124, 151, 152, Kalinin, Mikhail Ivanovich, PI. 8; 100n2, 155, 158, 159, 167, 170, 173, 192, 195, 112 197, 198, 199, 203,210,212 Kamarov, V. L., 110 ll’ev, 174 Kaminskii, Jan Amos, 131 ll’in, K. K„ PI. 3; 94 Kapitsa, Petr Leonidovich, 110 income of poor herders, 12 Kara, Gyorgy, PI. 20 India, 195n3, 197-201 Karl University, 128 industrialization, postwar, 156-, 157 Karlovy Vary, 163-163 Infil’d, 143 Kashtanov, L. S., 124 Normal College [now Uni­ Kathmandu, 196 versity], 207 Katorvinskii, PI. 19 Inner Mongolia University, 204, 206 Kedorov, B. M., 102 Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region, 204- Keldysh, M. V., PI. 17-18; xxiii, 170, 177, 208 186 Institute of Higher Education and Science, khainag, 7 167-168 Khalkha, 2nl0 Introduction to Linguistic Research, 207nl 1 Khalkhyn Gol, 76 Irkutsk Teacher Training College, 72 Khan Ondor monastery, 49 Ivanov, Ivan Alexseevich, Pl. 3, PI. 33; Khand, Naidu, 197 94n7, 95, 96, 158 khangai, 2nl3 Iwamura, Shinobu, 184 Kharankhuin Zasag, 69 khargana, 3, 3nl8 Khariad clan, 7 J Kharushtyak, Fozher, 129 Khayankhyarvaa, N., 112 Jagvaral, N., PI. 16; 54 khOrdngetei, 3nl6 Jakarta, 198 khOdruulekh, 2nl6 Jalan-Aajav, S., 187, 209 Khoid Terkh, 2nl4 Jambaldorj, B., 104 Khorchins, 204nl Jamsran, 83 Khorloo, P., PI. 49 Jamsran, E., 158 khorj, 7n27 Jamsran, J., 170 khoshuu, 1 Jamsran, M., xxii, 134 Khromov, S. I., 124, 125 Jamts, G., 106 Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeevich, 157, 160 Jan Ser Ya, 143 Khiiree. See Ulaanbaatar Janibekov, B., PI. 38 khuruud, 2, 3nl6 55 Janosi, Lajos, 180 khural, xxiv, 1 Japan, 1,63,69, 76, 114-115 khuuchir, 200n8 Jargalsaikhan, B., 119, 138 Kitchlu, S., 142 Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek), 138n5 Kitson, J. H., 182 Johnson, Hewlett, 135, 140, 142 Kizelev, S. K., 119 Joliot-Curie, Frederic, 136, 139, 141, 142 Klahr, Hermann, 180 Jomdungma (Mt. Everest), 195n4 Klements, A. V., 73 Index 225

Klyueva, V. N., 124 Lkhamsuren, B., 75, 213 Kokorev, D. T., 125 Lkhamsuren, Dindub, 122, 158 Kolarov, P., 129 Lkhamsuren, N., 95, 101, 103, 159, 209 Kolarov, V., 129 Lkhamsuren, PI. 9, PI. 31 Kolarov, Vasilii, 102 LkhUmbe, J., 158 Komarov, 84 LkhOndev, 75 Konev, Ivan Stepanovich, 92, 98 Lobanov, P., 169 Kopetski, Vaclav, 128 Lodoidamba, Chadraabalyn, PI 23; 171n8 Korean War, 136, 139, 144 Lodon, G., 151101, 103, 121, 137, 171 Korneichuk, A., 141, 143 Logunov, A. A., 177 Kosombi, 197 Lomanov, P. F., 161 Kotarbinski, Tadeus, 180 Lookhuuz, 209 Kotelnikov, V. A., 177 Losol, D., 158 Kotelnikov, V. N., 189 lUd, 28 Kovalenok, V., 188 Luchitskii, I. V., 184 Kozheshnik, Ya., 180 Luvsan, S., 95-96, 120 Kozhevnikov, B., 138 Luvsanbaldan, Kh., 134 Kozin, Sergei Andreevich, 11 ln4 Luvsandanzan, B., 178 Krishnan, Gatkha, 197 Luvsandonoi, D., 158 Krylov, G. 1., 124 Luvsanjav, J., 121 Kungurov, G. F., 77 Luvsansharav, Sh., 158 KUTV, 46, 71, 95 Luvsanvandan, Sh., 101, 103, 124, 141, Kuusinen, Otto Vil’gel ’movich, 102nl4 158, 182 Kuz’min, I. K., 125 Kuznetsov, 1. V., 184 M

L Magsarjav, Yu., 158 Mahindra Bir Vikram, King of Nepal, 196 Lagorce, 202 Maidar,28,31,211 Lamjav, B. A., 214 Maiskii, 1. M., Ill, 166 Land of Blue Sky, 140n8 Makarenko, Anton Semenovich, 131nl Langevin, Paul, 110 Malayan War, 139 Lattimore, Owen, xxiii, PI. 24, PI. 47, PI. Malenkov, Georgii Maksimilyanovich, 157 49, PI. 51; 181-183. Malinovskii, Rodion Ya., 120 Lavrenko, Ye. M., 179 Manchus, 1 Lavrent’ev, A. 1., 178 Mao, Dun, 143 Lavrent’ev, M. A., 177 Mao, Zedong, 139 Leeds University, 182 Maruki, 140 Leonov, A., 186 Mashlai, T., 78, 80, 134 Leont’ev, L. A., 102 Matskevich, V. V., 161 Li, Feng-hsien, 117 medicine, folk, 9 Ligeti, Lajos, 170, 180 mekheer, 7, 8 literacy, full achievement of, 129 Meresyev, A., PI. 13, 143 Liu, Shaoqi, PI. 31; 138n6 Merkulev, S., 150 Lkhaashid, PI. 49 Merkur’ev, Aleksandr, 73 Lkhagvajav, “Tall”, 68 Merkurov, Sergei Dmitrevich, 101n6 Lkhagvasuren, 104 Mijid, Ch., 97 Lkhamjav, D., 160 Mijidgombo, M. xxi Lkhamjav, PI. 39 Mikoyan, Anastas Ivanovich, 112n6, 157, Lkhamsuren, 73 160 226 Index milk, products made from, 8 Natsag, 74 Miller, A. F., 166 Natsag, Ch., 124 Millionshikov, M. D., 177 Natsag, L., 121 mflngO, unit of currency, 22nl2 Natsagdorj, Shagdarjavyn, PI. 49; 178, 197, MOrdorj, L., composer, 121 214 Molomjamts, D., 160, 213 Nayant, Prince, 49 Molotov, Vyacheslav Mikhailovich, PL 3; Nechkina, M., 165 92, 115, 160 Nedelyi, Zdenek, 128 Mongol nutag, 149 negdels, 153-156 Mongol Rabfak, 67 Nehru, Prime Minister Jawaharlal, 197 Mongolia in the Late Nineteenth and Early Nehru, Ramashveri, 141, 142, 197 Twentieth Century, 168nl Nekrasov, Nikolai Alekseevich, 68 Mongolia in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Nemoi, S. M., 45, 64 Centuries, 118 Nepal, 195-196 Mongolian encyclopedia, 149, 185 Neruda, Pablo, 137 Mongolian Institute of Science and Higher “New Turn” policy, 65, 69 Education, 129, 164 Nesmeyanov, N. A., 127 Mongolian National Encyclopedia, 149, 185 Nikolaev, A., 186, 187 Mongolian Peace Committee, 135 Novgorodova, Eleonora Afanas’evna, 210 Mongolian State University, 167, 171, 185, Nyamaa, R., 151 211 Mongolian Theater, the, 69 Mongolian Writers’ Union, 149 Mongolia-Poland Friendship Society, 147 o Montagu, Ivor, PI. 14; 140, 142, 183 Olziisilren, Buyandelgeriin, 215 morin khuur, 8 orom, 2nI6 Moscow, 71, 97 Ovgoodei, 158 MPRP, Politburo of, xxiii; first cell in Shirendev’s area established 1923, 26, 1932 uprising against, 62; purge victims within, 74-75, 83 music, 200 muutuu, 17n7 o Myagmarjav, B., 187 Obruchev, Vladimir Afanas’evich, 84 myandag rank, 4n24 Ochirbat, Punsalmaagiin, xxiii, 207 The October Revolution and the Revolution which Followed, 168n6 N Odon, G., 121 Oidov, Ch., 121 , 3, 3n20, 74 Okladnikov, Aleksei Pavlovich, 178, 180 Namjil, PI. 39 “One Summer Night ”, 215, 218 Namkhaijanjan, 111 Onon, Narangerel, PI. 24; 50-5 Namnansuren, 2, 2n7, 5, 111 Onon, Temujin, xlix Namsrai, D., 215 Onon, Toli S., PI. 50 Namsrai, Ts., 101, 103 Onon, Urgungge, PI. 24, PI. 49, PI. 50, 51; Namyn Baiguulalt, 95 182, 183 Nasanbaljir, Ts., 158 Orbeli, Iosif Abgarovich, 110n3 Nasser, Gamal Abdel, PI. 32; 141, 142 otog, 1 National Atlas of Mongolia, 184nl4 ovoo, 3nl9 National Committee of Mongolian Scholars, Oyuun, 68 149 Oyuun, E., 90, 121 Ozawa, Shigeo, 184 Index 111

P radio (ushaan den), 58 Radhakrishnan, Sarvepelli, 170 Radlov, Vasilii Vasil’evich (also Wilhelm Pagva, T., 125 Radloff), 73 Palaan, N., 80 Radnaabazar, J., 68, 71, 90, 121 Palam, PL 48 Ragchaa, B., 151 Palladia, A. V., Ill Rahman, Zia ur-, 198 Paris, 201 railroads, Shirendev’s early false impression Party Organization, 105 of their nature, 67 Peng Zhen, 137n3 Rdkosi, MdtiAs, 128 Perlee, Khodfidgiin (Damdiny), 49 Rashidov, Sh., 161 Pertini, 163 Ravdan, S., 75 Pervukhin, G. M., 160 Ravjir, R., 190 Petrov, B. N„ 187 reign titles, 13n3 Pham Van Dong, 198 religious ceremonial, 21 Pieck, Wilhelm, 134 Renchinnorov, O., 121 Pisarev, Vasilii Il’ich, 153 Rendoo, Z., 187 Pisurtsev, N. D., 186 Rerikh, Yurii Nikolaevich. See Roerich, Pogrel’skii, P. V., 119 George Polevoi, B., 143 Rinchen, Byambyn, PI. 15; 106, 110, 122, Pollitt, Harry, 128 124, 141, 183 Popov, S. M„ 125 Rinchen the hunter, 23 Popovich, P., 186 Robeson, Paul, 143 Porshnev, B., 190 Roche, Waldek, 163 Pospelov, P. N.j 102 Roerich, George (also Rerikh, Yurii Niko­ Potanin, Grigorii Nikolaevich, 73, 84n2 laevich), 165 Pozdneev, Aleksei Matveevich, 73 Rokossovskii, K. K., 112, 136 Pravetskii, V. N., 186 Rositskii, 180 Presidium of the Central Committee, 104 Rostovtsov, M., 165 Prikhodov, Yu. K., 94, 105 Rozental, M. M., 102 Propagandist, 105 Rusekov, A. V., 93 Przewalski’s horse, 185nl6 Rusnyak, I., 180 Przheval’skii, Nikolai Mikhailovich, 84n3 Russian cultural influence on MPRP, 45, public health, 150-152 66-68, 71, 75, 76, 90, 111,119, 124, Puntsag, E., PI. 24, PI. 51; 182 127, 131, 132, 147-148, 153, 154, 157, purges, 74-75, 76, 83, 91, 149, 209, their 161, 169, 174, 177-180, 184,214 revelation’s sickening effect on Ryzhakin, Ya. F., 93 Shirendev, 163; rehabilitation of those purged, 158-159 Pushkin, Aleksandr Sergeevich, 68 s sagamkhai, 193nl Q Sagdeev, R. Z., 187 Salyut-6, 188 Qinggeertai, See Chinggeltei Sambuu, Jamsrangiin, PI. 30; PI. 33; 89, Quejingzhabu. See Choijinjav 103, 115, 120, 159, 164 Samdan, D., 159 Sandag, Shagdaiyn, xxii R Sanjaajav (Shirendev’s older cousin), 70, 74, 77 Rabinovich, A. R., 93 Sanzheev, Garma Dantsaranovich, 165 228 Index

Saranankara, U., 141 lian State University, History of the Savynykh, V., 188 MPR, 125-128; completes doctoral dis­ Seegers, Anna, 143 sertation, 134; reforms as Minister of Selenge R., 2nl4 Education, 129-134; travels abroad, 135- Semenov, K., 143 149; expulsion from writer’s union, 149; Sengee, Dashzevegiin, 68 public health responsibilities, 150-152; Sengee, D., 121 agricultural responsibilities, 153-154; Sereeter, Ch., 125 and herding economy, 154-156; in­ Sereeter, L., 83 volvement in rehabilitating purged early Sergeev, V., 150 leaders, 158-159; involvement with in­ Ser-Odjav, Namsrain, xxii dustry, 156-157; among intellectuals in sevelgene, 9 conflict with Tsedenbal, 160; and 1957 shagai, 4 agreement with Soviets, 161-162; sick­ Shagdar, L., 125 ened by revelations concerning purges, ShagdarsUren, O., xxii, 179nl0 163; defends doctorate, 163-166; his life ShagdarsUren, P., 81 in Moscow while writing dissertation, ShagdarsUren, T., 151 166; work as academic administrator, shamanism, conflict with Buddhism, 9-10 167-191; honorary doctorate from Leeds, shanz, 46, 200n8 182; and abominable snowman, 190; Sharav, 171 service in Ikh-Khural, 193-203; visit to Sharavdoo, E., 121 Inner Mongolia by, 204-208; intrigues shartos, 2nl6 climaxing in his purge, 209-215; his re­ shar us, 3nl6 habilitation, 216-218 Shastri, Lai Bahadur, PI. 29; 197 Shirokii, William, 163 Shauro, V., 163 “Shivee Khiagt, ” 26 shavag, 84 Shmeral, Bogumir, 127 Shcherbakov, D. I., 184 A Short History of the Academy of Sciences Shepanyski, Jan, 180 of the MPR. 184nl5, 210n2 Shijee, 65 A Short History of World War Two, 168 Shijie Shishi, xxiv Shubin, 87 shimiin arkhi, 8 Sidorenko, A. V„ 184, 187 Shinjee, P., 125 Sidorov, D. L, 105, 109 Shireet Gegeen monastery, 50 sigov, 193n2 Shirendev, Bazaryn, controversy over his Simonov, Konstantin, 137 birthplace, 13, 210; his socio-cultural Sirkov, 214 context, 1-10; joins Young Pioneers, 38; SlAnsky, Rudolf, 127 sent to school by Party, 38; at Central Smirnov, B. P., 93 School of Agriculture, 43-47; introduc­ Snechkus, A., 163 tion to administrative work, 49; first visit social relations between rich and poor, 6 to Moscow, 71; higher education in So­ Sodnom, N„ 63, 112, 125 viet Union, 66-79; 1940 marriage to Zina Sodnomdorj, 70 Zhuravleva, 77; graduation and outbreak Sodnomjamts, Ts., 134 of war, 78; becomes aide to Choibalsan, Sodnomtseren, Z., 160 81; war work of, 91-96; journey to the Sodov, B., 134 war front, 97-103; recruited into Party, soembo, 196 103; becomes propaganda secretary, 104; Sofinskii,N. N., 148 begins attending foreign conferences, Sokolovskii, Vasilii D., 98 110; and independence plebiscite, 118; Son of the Khangai Mountains, 210nl, 214 postwar university and cultural work, Song Qingling, 138n5 119-121; growing criticism of, 122-123; sor ceremony, 30-31, 63 election to Ikh Khural, appointment as Sosorbaram (sibling of Shirendev), PI. 39 Minister of Education, 123; and Mongo­ Soviet Union, 1934 and 1936 agreements Index 229

with, 69. See also Russian influences on Tikhonov, N., 141, 143 Mongolia Titov, Gherman Stepanovich, 186 Source Materials for Oirad History, 207nl0 TOmOrbaatar, J., 160 Sovremennaya Mongoliya, 111 TSmor-Ochir, D., PI. 16; 160, 209 Soyuz-39, 188 TOmdr-Ochir, M., 134 space research, 185-189 TOmor-Ochir, PI. 22 Stalin, Iosif Vissarionovich (Joseph), 92, Tdrtogtokh, 66, 68 100, 112, 115, 120 Tobsin. See TObshin posthumous criticism of, 157 Togliatti, Palmiro, 102 Stasova, Elena Dmitrevna, 102nl5 Toivgoo, Ts., 125, 183 State Award Commission, 149 Tokyo, 140, 144, 146. See also Japan State Library, 175 Trans-Mongolian Railway, 120 Stockholm, 136 Trofimuk, A. A., 184 Stratford-on-Avon, 181 Tsagaan. See Arslan Tsagaan SUkhbaatar, Damdiny, 92, 95, 107, 120, tsagaan tos, 2 121, 170 Tsam dance, 60-61, 201n9 SUkhbaatar, G., xxii Tsapkin, N. V., 94, 95, 105 Surenjav, Ch., PI. 5; 91, 94, 95, 97, 100, Tsedenbal, Yumjaagiin, PI. 5, PI. 31, PI. 50; 104, 116, 118, 122, 127 xxi, xxii, xxiv, 71, 80, 82, 91, 94, 96, subbotnik, 70, 119, 120 104, 105, 116, 119, 120, 134, 135, 138, Sukarno, PI. 30; 198, 199 156, 160, 163, 164, 166, 167, 171, 172, sum, 1 189, 190, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214; Sung Hsi-pen, 115 conflict with intellectuals, 158-160; suc­ Surkov, A., 143 cession to Choibalsan, 134 Suslov, Mikhail Andreevich, 160, 164 Tsedensodnom, 2, 2n9 suvaaregva, 15 Tsedev, Dojoogiin., 159, 170n7 suvraga, 141 Tsegmid, N., 121 Sverdlin, L. N., 101 Tsegmid, Ts., xxii, 22, 121 Syria, 142 Tsend, L., 160, 209 Tseren, Ch., xxi, 215 Tserendulam, D., 121 T Tserendulam, (Shirendev’s mother), 11, 40, 55, 77, 79 taij, 2n 11 Tserenjav, Agaramba, 63 The Taikhar Stone, 49 Tserentsoodol, P., 141 takh’, 185 Tserev, Kh., 215 Tang, Minzhou, 142 Tsesomski, 180 Tanya, Shirendev’s daughter, PI. 43, PI. 45; Tsetserleg, 89 163 Tsevegjav, O., 121 tarag, 3nl6 Tsevegmid, Dondogiin,, 125, 164, 198, 200, Tarasov, M.P., 129 211,213 Tarle, Evgenii Viktorovich, 102nll Tshebyatovski, V., 180 Tatarinov, P. P., 179 Tsogzolmaa, Luvsanjamtsyn, 121, 141 Temakov, V., 169 Tugj, General, 63 terlag, 86n5 Tumeds, 204n2 Tereshkova, Valentina Vladimirovna, PI. TUvshin (also Tobsin, Tubuxin), 206, 207n7 37; 187 Tubuxin. See Tuvshin Textbook of Law, 207nl0 tugrig, unit of currency, 22nl2 theater, Mongolian, 62, 69 Turszade, M., 143 Tian Yi De Company, 1 Tuvaan, G., 150, 151 Tian, Duyang, 156 230 Index

U 161

Unen, xxii, xxiv, 105, 106, 128, 136, 141, u/ 211 ^

Wang, Tse-tien, 156 war mobilization, 91 u Warsaw, 136, 143 wedding ceremony, traditional, 34 Udval, S. PI. 9; 136 weights and measures, traditional, 18nl0 Ulaanbaatar, 1, 57-59, 69 Windeyer, Sir Brian, 182 Ulaan Od, xxiv Wolff, Serge, 183nl2 Ulaan Ud (Deed Ud), 66-67, 89 World Anti-Nuclear Conference, 146 Ulaanbaatar Railway, 147 World Peace Council, 135 UlaankhUU, 206. See also Ulanfu Ulanfu, 206n4 Ulyanovskii, R., 165 Ungem-Sternberg, Baron Roman von, 25, Y 101, 102, 145 United Nations, membership in, 120; ad­ Yablonski, Genrik, 147, 180 mission attempts by Mongolia, 157; Yadamsiiren, Y., 141 Mongolia’s admission to promoted by Yadrintsev, N.M., 73 France, 202; 142, 146 yamaakhai, 8n30 United States, 90 Yandag, S., 158 Urd Terkh R., 2nl4 Yanjmaa, S., PI. 5; 94, 95, 96, 104 Urtyn duu, “long songs,” 1 Inl Yaroslavskii, Emel’yan Mikhailovich, Ushinskii, K., 131 102nl2 Usun Kouri, 143 Yashin, A. L., xxiii, 184, 187 Yashin, A.A., 178 Yasnov, M. A., 160 V Yermakov, T. G., 156 Yezhov, Nikolai Ivanovich, 158 Yi He Dong Company, I V.I. Lenin and theMongolian People, 168 Young Pioneers, 132, 133 Vanchin Bogd, 63 Youth League, 55, 69, 70, 107, 133, 192 Vangan, L., 121 Yunatov, Aleksandr Afanas’evich, 119, 124 Vasilevskaya, Vanda, 143 Vavilina, V., 106 Vavilov, Nikolai Ivanovich, 125 Vavilov, Sergei Ivanovich, 125n2 z Veitsman, I. B., 124 Vienna, 139 Zagd, Shirendev’s niece, Pf 40 Vietnamese War, 136, 139 Zagdsuren, A., 121 Vinogradov, A., 184 Zaitsev, N. S., 178 Vishinskii, Andrei Ya., 115 “Zam”, 121 Vitya, Shirendev’s eldest son, PI. 42 Zipotocky, Antonin, 127, 128 Volgin, Vyacheslav Petrovich, 102n9 Zaya[yn] Gegeen, 42, 46 Vologdin, A. G., 179, 184 zeergene, 9 Volozhaninov, S. P., 122 Zhanibekov, Vladimir, 188-189 vongor tsetseg, 9 Zhdanov, Andrei Aleksandrovich, 101n3 Voronov, G., 154 Zhilin, 214 Voroshilov, Kliment Yefremovich, 92, 112, Zhou Enlai, PI. 31; 138, 198, 199 Zhu De, 138n7 Index 231

Zhukov, Georgii Konstantinovich, 92, 100, death of, 213 112, 120 zodoch, 35 Zhukov, Ye. M., 164, 165, 214 Zorin, Valerii, 202 Zhuravleva, Zina, PI. 41, PI. 46; 1940 mar­ ziiun, 2n 15 riage to Shirendev, 77, 83, 89, 163, 165, Zverev, A. G., 161 OTHER RECENT PUBLICATIONS DEALING WITH INNER ASIA FROM THE CENTER FOR EAST ASIAN STUDIES

STUDIES ON EAST ASIA [NEW] Son of Heaven and Heavenly Qaghan: Sui-Tang China and its Neighbors, By Pan Yihong. 1997. xviii, 428 p., maps, bibliography, glossary-index. Original paperback edition. ISBN 0-914584-20-0. $35. Volume 20. The pioneering comprehensive work in English on late medieval Chinese foreign policy. The newly united China of Sui and Tang times confronted and attempted to exert hegemony over the nomadic Turks, the Tibetans and Three Kingdoms Korea. Dr. Pan shows how Sui and Tang drew inspiration from the tribu­ tary system of ancient and early medieval China, but adapted it pragmatically tofit new situations as they arose.After the disaster of the An Lushan rebellion of the 750s, Tang had to conclude equal treaties with frontier nations and even pay subsidies to some of them. This anticipated the new situation in which China found itself after the collapse of Tang and Song’s restoration of a smaller united empire. Dr. Pan’s discussion of the primary and secondary sources should be useful to future researchers of China ’s inter­ course with foreign countries in late medieval times.

Opuscula Altaica: Essays Presented in Honor of Henry Schwarz, edited by Edward H. Kaplan and Donald W. Whisenhunt. 1994. xvi, 691 p., ill., bibliographies. Hardcover. ISBN 0-914584-19-7. $85.00. Volume 19. A collection of essays by thirty-three scholars from a dozen countries presented to Henry G. Schwarz on the occasion of his retirement from academic life. Most of them deal with subjects that Professor Schwarz has been deeply involved in during his long professional career, from Central Asia eastward through Mongolia and China ’s northern border areas to the Pacific Ocean.

EAST ASIAN RESEARCH AIDS AND TRANSLATIONS An Uyghur-English Dictionary, by Henry G. Schwarz. 1993. xxv, 1083 p., ill., appen­ dixes, bibliography. Hardcover. ISBN 0-914584- 89-8. $120.00. Volume 3. With more than 18,500 main entries, 450 maps and illustrations, and extensive supplementary informa­ tion, this is the first major dictionary that opens one of Inner Asia’s key languages to English-speaking readers. Virtually all of the eight million Uyghurs live in China ’s huge Xinjiang region where they form the majority of an ethnically diverse population, and their language serves as the lingua franca for Uzbeks, Tajiks, and several other smaller ethnic groups. “A monument of scholarship and dedication....this excellent dictionary has been thoughtfully de­ signed to provide the reader with the maximum amount of information in an easily accessible form. Because it embraces so many precious gems of knowledge about Uighur language, people, culture, history (and even about other Turkic groups), I have found myself willingly turning to Schwarz ’s dictionary time and again simply to browse and be educated.” Sino-Platonic Papers