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2021 Species Fact Sheet and Color Code Guide

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2021 Species Fact Sheet and Color Code Guide NO TAG = loblolly pine (Softwood tree) Pinaceae Pinus taeda L. Leaf: Evergreen needles, 6 to 9 inches long, with (usually) three yellow-green needles per fascicle. Flower: Species is monoecious; males long cylindrical, red to yellow, in clusters at branch tips; females yellow to purple. Fruit: Ovoid to cylindrical, 3 to 6 inch red-brown cones; umbo is armed with a short spine, maturing in early fall. Bark: Initially red- to gray-brown and scaly; older trees are ridged and furrowed, with somewhat rounded scaly plates; very old trees have red-brown, flat scaly plates. Form: A medium to large tree can reach well over 100 feet tall, self-prunes well and develops a fairly straight trunk and an oval, somewhat open crown. PINK = eastern redbud (Hardwood tree) Fabaceae Cercis canadensis L. Leaf: Alternate, simple, cordate in shape, 3 to 5 inches long and wide, with an entire margin, thin and papery, petioles conspicuously swollen on both ends; green above and slightly paler below. Flower: Very showy, pea-like, pink to light purple in color, 1/2 inch long, appearing in clusters all along even older stems in early spring before the leaves. Fruit: Flattened, dry legumes, brown, 2 to 4 inches long that contain flat, elliptical, brown seeds 1/4 inch long, maturing in late summer. Bark: Initially smooth and brown; later ridged and furrowed to scaly and dark gray; may have some maroon patches evident and orange in the cracks. Form: A large shrub or small tree up to 30 feet with a short, often twisted trunk and spreading branches. BLUE = silky dogwood (Shrub) Cornaceae Cornus amomum Mill. Leaf: Opposite, simple, oval, 2 to 4 inches long, arcuately veined, margin entire, green above and maybe silky grayish when young, paler below. Flower: Species is monoecious; small, white, in flat-topped clusters, 2 inches in diameter that appear in late spring and early summer. Fruit: Berry-like drupes developing in flat-topped clusters, 1/4 inch in diameter, bluish with white blotches, maturing in late summer. Bark: At first red-purple (but may be green tinged); later turns brown and shallowly fissured. Form: A small to medium sized, multi-stemmed, suckering shrub up to 10 feet tall. Branches may bend down and root in wet soil. ORANGE = common persimmon (Hardwood tree) Ebenaceae Diospyros virginiana L. Leaf: Alternate, simple, oblong to oval, 2 1/2 to 5 inches long, pinnately-veined, margin entire, lustrous green above & white below. Flower: Species is usually dioecious; both white to greenish-white and about 1/2 inch long; male flowers in 3's; female flowers solitary Fruit: A plum-like berry that is green before ripening, turning orange to black when ripe, 3/4 to 2 inches in diameter, leafy bracts on top of fruit. The fruit is very astringent and mouth numbing when green, sweet and edible when ripe after a hard freeze; matures in fall. Bark: When young gray-brown with orange in fissures, later becoming much darker, breaking up into square scaly thick plates; reminiscent of charcoal briquettes (very unique). Form: A small to medium sized tree to 60 feet with a round-topped crown of crooked branches. RED = northern red oak (Hardwood tree) Fagaceae Quercus rubra L. Leaf: Alternate, simple, 5 to 8 inches long, oblong in shape with 7 to 11 bristle-tipped lobes, sinuses extend 1/3 to 1/2 of the way to midvein, generally very uniform in shape, dull green to blue-green above and paler below. Flower: Species is monoecious; males in yellow-green slender, hanging catkins, 2 to 4 inches long; females are borne on short axiliary spikes, appearing with the leaves in spring. Fruit: Acorns are 3/4 to 1 inch long and nearly round; cap is flat and thick, covering about 1/4 or less of the acorn, resembling a beret; matures in 2 growing seasons, in late summer and fall. Bark: On young stems, smooth; older bark develops wide, flat-topped ridges and shallow furrows. Form: A medium sized to large tree that reaches up to 90 feet tall, develops a short trunk and round crown when open grown, straight with a clear, long bole when grown with competition. PURPLE = willow oak (Hardwood tree) Fagaceae Quercus Leaf: Alternate, simple, 2 to 5 inches long, linear or lanceolate in shape (willow-like) with an entire margin and a bristle tip. Flower: Species is monoecious; males borne on slender yellow-green catkins; females borne on very short axilliary spikes, both appear very early with the leaves. Fruit: Acorns are very small, 1/4 to 1/2 inch across, nearly round and yellow-green, turning tan when older, caps are thin, saucer-like and cover only 1/4 of acorn with thin, tomentose, appressed scales. Bark: On young stems, smooth, gray and tight; later becoming darker and forming irregular rough ridges and furrows. Form: A medium sized tree up to 80 feet tall that forms a dense oblong crown when open grown; lower branches do not readily self- prune. Photo credits: https://dendro.cnre.vt.edu/dendrology/factsheets.cfm .
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