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Native Plants for Riparian Buffers

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Native Plants for Riparian Buffers The following tables list suitable trees, shrubs, vines and herbaceous Tolerance: Tolerance: plants for growing in riparian buffers in the Haw River watershed. Common Name Botanical Name Flood Shade Deer Common Name Botanical Name Flood Shade Deer ++ always + generally ± occasionally – infrequently Deciduous Holly Ilex decidua + + Carolina Spring Beauty* Claytonia virginica ± + Tolerance: Doghobble Leucothoe axillaris + + + Christmas Fern Polystichum acrostichoides ± + + Common Name Botanical Name Flood Shade Deer Elderberry Sambucus canadensis + Cinnamon Fern Osmunda cinnamomea + + Fetterbush Leucothoe racemosa + + Coneflower Rudbeckia laciniata + CANOPY TREES (over 35 feet) Giant Cane Arundinaria gigantea + Duck Potato Sagittaria latifolia ++ Bald Cypress Taxodium distichum ++ Hazel-Nut Corylus americana – + Dwarf Crested Iris Iris cristata + + + Beech Fagus grandifolia ± + + Hearts a’bustin’ Euonymus americana ± + – Foamflower Tiarella cordifolia ± + Bitternut Hickory Carya cordiformis ± Inkberry Ilex glabra + Fox Sedge Carex vulpinoidea ++ Black Cherry Prunus serotina ± Male-Berry Lyonia ligustrina + + Fringed Sedge Carex crinata + Black Walnut Juglans nigra ± Maple-Leaf Viburnum Viburnum acerifolium – + Gray’s Sedge Carex grayii + + Black Willow Salix nigra ++ + ± Marsh Mallow Hibiscus moscheutos ++ Great Blue Lobelia Lobelia syphilitica ++ – Blackgum Nyssa sylvatica ± Painted Buckeye Aesculus sylvatica ± Green Bulrush Scirpus atrovirens ++ Cherrybark Oak Quercus pagodaefolia + ± Possum Haw Viburnum nudum + Hard Tack Spiraea tomentosa + Elms (winged, american) Ulmus (alata, americana) ± + Red Chokeberry Aronia arbutifolia + Heart-Leaved Aster Aster divaricatus Green Ash Fraxinus pennsylvanica + Rusty Blackhaw Viburnum rufidulum – + Hop Sedge Carex lupulina ++ Hop-hornbeam Ostrya virginiana ± + Serviceberry Amelanchier arborea ± + ± Horsetail Rush Equisetum hyemale ± Overcup Oak Quercus lyrata + Silky Dogwood Cornus amomum + + Indian Cucumber-Root Medeola virginiana + Persimmon Diospyros virginiana ± Silky Willow Salix sericea ++ ± Ironweed Vernonia noveboracensis + Red Maple Acer rubrum + + ± Southern Arrow-Wood Viburnum dentatum ± Jack-In-The-Pulpit Arisaema triphyllum ± + + Red Mulberry Morus rubra ± + Spicebush Lindera benzoin + + Jewel-Weed* Impatiens capensis + + River Birch Betula nigra + + Swamp Azalea Rhododendron viscosum + Joe-Pye-Weed Eupatorium fistulosum + + + Shagbark Hickory Carya ovata ± Swamp Dogwood Cornus stricta + Liverleaf* Hepatica americana + Shumard Oak Quercus shumardii + ± Swamp Rose Rosa palustris ++ Lizard’s Tail Saururus cernuus ++ + Sourwood Oxydendrum arboreum – Sweet Leaf Symplocos tinctoria ± + Lurid Sedge Carex lurida ++ + Southern Sugar Maple Acer barbatum + + Sweet-Shrub Calycanthus floridus ± + Marsh Fern Thelypteris palustris + + Sugarberry Celtis laevigata + Tag Alder Alnus serrulata + Monkey Flower Mimulus ringens and M. alatus ++ Swamp Chestnut Oak Quercus michauxii + ± Virginia Willow Itea virginica + Pickerel Weed Pontederia cordata ++ Sycamore Platanus occidentalis + + Wild Azalea Rhododendron periclymenoides ± – Ranunculus Species Ranunculaceae family +/± + Tulip Poplar Liriodendron tulipifera ± Winter Berry Ilex verticillata + + Rice Cutgrass Leersia oryzoides ++ Tupelo Gum Nyssa ‘biflora’ ++ Witch-Hazel Hamamelis virginiana ± + ± River Oats Chasmanthium latifolium ± + Water Oak Quercus nigra + ± Yellow-Root Xanthorhiza simplicissima + ++ Royal Fern Osmunda regalis ++ + White Basswood Tilia heterophylla – + Sensitive Fern Onoclea sensibilis + + + VINES Willow Oak Quercus phellos + ± Skullcap Scuttellaria integrifolia + Climbing Milkvine Matelea reticulata + + Snakeroot Sanicula canadensis – UNDERSTORY TREES (up to 35 feet) Coral Honeysuckle Lonicera sempervirens ± + Soft Rush Juncus effusus + American Holly Ilex opaca + Summer Grape Vitis aestivalis – Soft Stem Bulrush Scirpus validus ++ Bladdernut Staphylea trifolia ± + Virgin’s Bower Clematis virginiana ± – Solomon’s Plume Maianthemum racemosa ± + Box Elder Acer negundo + + Virginia Creeper Parthenocissus quinquefolia ± + ± Southern Wild Rice Zizaniopsis miliacea ++ Fringetree Chionanthus virginicus ± ± Wild Yam Dioscorea villosa ± + Swamp Milkweed Asclepias incarnata ++ Ironwood Carpinus caroliniana ± + Sweet Chervil Osmorhiza longistylis ± + + Parsley Hawthorn Crataegus marshallii + + HERBACEOUS Switchgrass Panicum virgatum + Pawpaw Asimina triloba ± + Arrow Leaf (Arum) Peltandra virginica ++ + Toothwart Cardamine angustata ± + Redbud Cercis canadensis – ± – Black Cohosh Cimicifuga racemosa + + Trout Lily* Erythronium americanum + + Snowbell Styrax grandifolia ± ± Bladder Sedge Carex intumescens + + Turtlehead Chelone glabra ++ + Sweetbay Magnolia virginiana ++ Bluets* Houstonia caerulea ± + Tussock Sedge Carex stricta ++ Umbrella Tree Magnolia tripetala ± + Boneset Eupatorium perfoliatum + + + Bottlebrush Grass Elymus hystrix + + Umbrella Sedge Cyperus strigosus + + SHRUBS (up to 10 feet) Broom Sedge Carex scoparia + Violas Viola spp. +/± + + Beautyberry Callicarpa americana ± Bur-Reed Sparganium americanum ++ Virginia Wild-Rye Elymus virginicus ± Buttonbush Cephalanthus occidentalis ++ Bushy Seedbox Ludwigia alternifolia ++ Wind Flower Anemonella thalictroides + + Coral Berry Symphoricarpos orbiculatus ± Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardinalis + + – Woolgrass Scirpus cyperinus ++ * Not available from nurseries, but species will disperse in from upstream or from tributaries. Establish and maintain native vegetation on riparian buffers to protect streams. Native Plant Recommendations Riparian Buffer is the land adjacent to a stream where the presence of vegetation strongly influences water quality, as for Stream Banks in the in the following ways: Haw River Watershed Slows Stormwater: The natural vegetation along waterways of trees, shrubs, vines and ground covers holds soil in place, reducing stormwater runoff and flooding. The Haw River Assembly is a grassroots non-profit organization, working since 1982 to restore and protect Protects Water Quality: Natural vegetation acts as a the Haw River, its tributaries, and Jordan Lake, and to living filter to remove pollutants before they enter streams. build a community that shares this vision. Keeps Streams Healthy: Forested buffers provide needed shade and food for a healthy aquatic ecosystem. Join us in our efforts! Keeps Soil Out: Without the buffer of trees and other natural vegetation, soil is easily washed into the streams and You can reach us at: stormwater surges undercut the streambank, adding to the artwork by Emma Skurnick sediment load. P.O. Box 187 Bynum NC 27228 (919) 542-5790 Provides a Wildlife Corridor: The streamside forest and [email protected] wetlands are a unique environment, home to many diverse www.hawriver.org Protect our streams and promote natural species of plants and animals. Many reptiles and amphibians biodiversity by planting native shrubs, trees and depend on these riparian areas for survival. other vegetation along stream banks. The creation of this brochure was sponsored by The growth of native plants along stream banks contributes The Scott Family Endowment Fund and to the health and restoration of the riparian ecosystem. “ Our The Wiseacre Farm Fund particularly dynamic stream and river corridors are regularly of the Triangle Community Foundation scoured, reshaped, re-vegetated, and altered by exotic plants. and The Federal 319 Nonpoint Source Funds Stream Steward Campaign Humans have changed riparian dynamics in many ways and Administered by a project of the Haw River Assembly should now help to rehabilitate this vital ecosystem. Through The NC Division of Water Quality P.O. Box 187 Bynum, NC 27228 careful intervention we can, through invasive exotic plant 919-542-5790 www.hawriver.org removal and indigenous species replacement, help Nature’s recreative processes.” – Johnny Randall, North Carolina Botanical Garden © 2003 Haw River Assembly All Rights Reserved.
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