El juicio político 12 Golpe en Bolivia 12

Workers and oppressed peoples of the world unite! workers.org Vol. 61 No. 46 Nov. 14, 2019 $1 U.S.-backed coup in Bolivia Indigenous, workers resist

By John Catalinotto “opened the doors to absolute impu- Nov. 11—In a message from his base east of the country. Since Oct. 20, when nity for those who are able to exercise in the Chapare region in central Bolivia, Morales won re-election, these gangs have Nov. 12—​From La Paz, journalist power.” But, Teruggi adds, “[The] half President Evo Morales said on the eve- attacked and beaten pro-Morales elected Marco Teruggi writes that 24 hours after of the country that voted for [President] ning of Nov. 10: “I want to tell you, broth- political leaders, burning their homes and the U.S.-backed coup in Bolivia, “There Evo Morales exists and will not stand ers and sisters, that the fight does not end offices across the country. is no formal government, but there is idly by.” Formal and informal organi- here. We will continue this fight for equal- Immediately, the imperialist-con- the power of arms.” (pagina12.org) zations of Indigenous peoples, campesi- ity, for peace.” (Al Jazeera, Nov. 11) trolled media worldwide tried to give Police and soldiers patrol at the behest nos and workers are blockading roads, Earlier that day, a fascist-led coup their unanimous spin to the event, slan- of the coup leaders, while fascistic gangs setting up self-defense units, and call- backed by the Bolivian police and mil- dering the Morales government and roam, beat and burn, the coup having ing for “general resistance to the coup itary, and receiving the full support of its Movement toward Socialism (MAS) d’état throughout the coun- U.S. imperialism and its lackeys in the party, and charging it with electoral fraud, try.” (Follow more coverage Organization of American States, had even though no evidence was ever given. at workers.org, includ- forced Morales to resign from office. Reporters repeated the lies of those who ing English translation of Fascist gangs had been moving toward led the coup—​ultra-rightist Fernando Teruggi’s on-the-ground La Paz, Bolivia’s administrative capital, Camacho and former president and ser- reporting.) from their anti-Morales strongholds in the vant of the oligarchy, Carlos Mesa—​to confuse the people of the world and accuse the MAS government of illegal activities. Progressive governments, organiza- tions and media worldwide have begun to fight back against this counterrevo- lutionary offensive. They have given priority to mobilizing to defend the life and liberty of Morales and those in his government. They are also exposing the lies of the coup-makers, showing that what Continued on page 6 U.S. hands off Bolivia! WW PHOTO: G. DUNKEL ACT NOW to save On one day’s notice, on Nov. 11 in New York City, activists WW PHOTO: JOE PIETTE in opposition to the U.S.-backed coup in Bolivia gathered ... in Philadelphia marched from City Hall to Amtrak’s 30th Street Station. Rodney Reed! 3 at the U.N. and marched to Trump Tower and ... Read more, pages 6-7.

Subway struggle: Organizing the South 4-5 ‘No cops, no fares!’ 2 Lessons of the Greensboro A Chavista speaks Massacre in Portland 3 Gay men for Civil Rights 1960-64 The unfinished revolution 8-9 Movie honors Subscribe to Workers World abolitionist ‘Moses’ ☐ 4 weeks trial $4 ☐ 1 year subscription $30 ☐ Sign me up for the WWP Supporter Program: workers.org/donate ‘A different Civil War’ Name ______Atlanta anti-racist actions

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NYC subway protest demands: No cops, no fares, full access, full service this week

By Siddika Degia show cops harassing, tasering ◆ In the U.S. New York and brutalizing people over their use of subway cards or because New York City subway protest ...... 2 As New York City ends “stop of playing music or just looking Interview with a Chavista ...... 3 and frisk” police harassment, wary about being in the subway. Call to action: Free Rodney Reed! ...... 3 the city implements another These videos were upset- Gay men led 1960s Civil Rights fight ...... 4 program to target Black and ting to many New Yorkers, who Brown people—​the “fare eva- on Friday, Nov. 1, took to the Lessons of the Greensboro massacre ...... 5 sion” campaign. Throughout streets of Brooklyn. They called NYC: ‘U.S. hands off Bolivia!’ ...... 6 subways and buses, commuters together NYC Shut It Down, the Solidarity with Chile ...... 6 are seeing ads calling for people People’s Power Assembly/NYC, WW commentary: A powerful ‘Harriet’ ...... 8 to pay the $2.75 fare or get tick- Why Accountability, Take Back eted $100. the Bronx, Decolonize This Place ‘The unfinished revolution’ ...... 9 At Metropolitan Transit and the South Asia Solidarity Atlanta anti-racist actions ...... 9 Authority stations, commuters Initiative. saw 500 new police last year As 2,000 people marched, ◆ Around the world to make sure people were not their rage could be felt in the After Bolivia coup, Indigenous, workers resist . . . 1 “fare beating.” Now New York chants: “No justice, no peace, Mass protests in Chile ...... 6 Gov. Cuomo has a plan to add f—k these racist police” and 20 percent more cops in the “How do you spell racist? NYPD.” Why U.S. imperialism hates Evo Morales . . . . . 7 subway system. They called for “NO NYPD in the Cuba defended in the U.N...... 11 The MTA claims that it is MTA” and “From the A to the Z, Italy’s army recruits: ‘See Naples and die!’ . . . . 11 hundreds of millions in debt. the subway should be free.” Brooklyn, Nov. 1. WW PHOTO: HENRY LUNA Yet it would cost $663 million As people continued march- ◆ Editorial to put those 500 extra cops on ing, they ended up at the Hoyt- Working-class youth want socialism! ...... 10 the subway to catch “fare beaters.” Schermerhorn subway station, where people jumped over Cops target Black and Brown people, as shown in sta- turnstiles on an already packed platform to show the NYPD ◆ Noticias en Español tistics released by the New York Police Department itself. that they were not afraid and that they will fight back. Some 682 arrests were made in the second quarter of 2019 As the march ended, people wanted to do more, as En Bolivia solo existe el poder de las armas . . . 12 for “fare evasion.” Of those arrested, 414 were Black people shown at a packed People’s Power Assembly/NYC meet- El juicio político no es suficiente ...... 12 and 175 were Latinx. ing on Nov. 6 in Manhattan. In response to questions on All this is a way to police poverty. As the NYPD and the what to do next, the PPA answered that it is backing a cam- MTA crack down on policing poverty, various instances of paign for “Full access, full service, no cops, no fare,” and resulting cop brutality have been posted on social media. will continue this fight until that is won through peoples’ One video shows the NYPD pulling a gun on 19-year- power. PPA and other groups are planning another action old Adrian Napier in the MTA as commuters run to take for Nov. 22. cover. Another video shows the NYPD tackling and punch- For more information, go to peoplespowerassemblies. ing children at the Jay Street Metrotech stop. Other videos org/new-york-city-ppa/ or Facebook. ☐

Workers World 147 W. 24th St., 2nd Fl. New York, NY 10011 Join us in the fight Phone: 212.627.2994 E-mail: [email protected] for socialism! Web: www.workers.org

Workers World Party is a revolutionary Marxist-Leninist people are gunned down by cops and bigots on a regular Vol. 61, No. 46 • Nov. 14, 2019 party inside the belly of the imperialist beast. We are a basis. Closing date: Nov. 13, 2019 multinational, multigenerational and multigendered orga- The ruthless ruling class today seeks to wipe out Editor: Deirdre Griswold nization that not only aims to abolish capitalism, but to decades of gains and benefits won by hard-fought strug- Managing Editors: John Catalinotto, Martha Grevatt, build a socialist society because it’s the only way forward! gles by people’s movements. The super-rich and their Monica Moorehead, Minnie Bruce Pratt Capitalism and imperialism threaten the peoples of the political representatives have intensified their attacks on world and the planet itself in the neverending quest for the multinational, multigender and multigenerational Web Editors: Ben Carroll, John Steffin ever-greater profits. working class. It is time to point the blame at—and chal- Production & Design Editors: Gery Armsby, Sasha Capitalism means war and austerity, racism and repres- lenge—the capitalist system. Mazumder, Scott Williams sion, attacks on im/migrants, misogyny, LGBTQ oppres- WWP fights for socialism because the working class Copyediting and Proofreading: Paddy Colligan, sion and mistreatment of people with disabilities. It means produces all wealth in society, and this wealth should Sue Davis, S. Hedgecoke joblessness, increasing homelessness and impoverishment remain in their hands, not be stolen in the form of capi- and lack of hope for the future. No social problems can be talist profits. The wealth workers create should be socially Contributing Editors: LeiLani Dowell, G. Dunkel, solved under capitalism. owned and its distribution planned to satisfy and guaran- K. Durkin, Teresa Gutierrez, Betsey Piette, Gloria The U.S. is the richest country in the world, yet no one tee basic human needs. Rubac has a guaranteed right to shelter, food, water, health care, Since 1959, Workers World Party has been out in the Mundo Obero: Alberto García, Teresa Gutierrez, education or anything else—unless they can pay for it. streets defending the workers and oppressed here and Carlos Vargas Wages are lower than ever, and youth are saddled with worldwide. If you’re interested in Marxism, socialism Supporter Program: Coordinator Sue Davis seemingly insurmountable student debt, if they even make and fighting for a socialist future, please contact a WWP Copyright © 2019 Workers World. Verbatim copying it to college. Black, Brown and Indigenous youth and trans branch near you. ☐ and distribution of articles is permitted in any medium without royalty provided this notice is preserved. If you are interested in joining Workers World Party contact: 212.627.2994 Workers World (ISSN-1070-4205) is published weekly National Office Bay Area Durham, N.C. 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Portland, Ore. Porras said Chávez understood the importance of building a broad base of support. He made an effort Hands Off Venezuela PDX sponsored an Oct. 9 Skype to reach out to the most conservative factions to bring event with Temir Porras, a revolutionary Chavista who them into the conversations and to help them embrace served as a former chief of staff to both President Hugo the Constituent Assembly. Chávez also reached out to Chávez and President Nicolás Maduro. He is a knowledge- members of the upper classes who had much needed able economist, who also served as Venezuelan deputy skills and expertise. minister for higher education and in the foreign ministry. Porras recounted the history of the illegal U.S sanc- Porras pointed out that the desire for indepen- tions imposed on Venezuela beginning in 2006. In dence and national sovereignty runs deep among the January 2019, Trump increased the sanctions formerly Venezuelan people. The Americas were the first place imposed by both the Bush and Obama administrations. in the Global South to achieve independence from PHOTO: CANDY LUISA HERRERA Porras explained that any sanctions are illegal—​that colonialism. Simón Bolívar, the inspiration for the Temir Porras, inset, and speaking as a Chavista to Portland they are not authorized by the international community current Bolivarian revolution in Venezuela, began a activists, Oct. 9. through the U.N. continent-wide movement for independence from the In August the U.S. voted to impose secondary ille- Spanish empire in 1808. of popular leaders, like Chávez, Maduro and President gal sanctions which prevent other countries and busi- Porras outlined the history of U.S. aggression toward Evo Morales of Bolivia, as enemies of so-called liberal nesses outside the U.S. from trading with the Venezuelan Venezuela, including the U.S. idea of manifest destiny, democracy. government. the aggressive Monroe Doctrine, and the U.S. chauvinist In 1999, when Chávez was elected president, Porras At the end of his talk, Porras emphasized that U.S. aim to “civilize” the Western Hemisphere. began working with the Venezuelan government. He sanctions have hurt the Venezuelan people on many He pointed out the onslaught of U.S. repression said that when Chávez called for a National Constituent levels and that the role of the U.S. left is to oppose any against any country where popular forces demonstrate Assembly, he was supported by 75 percent of the coun- attempts to undermine Venezuelan democracy and to against imperialist penetration, and the U.S. portrayal try. Porras called this Chávez’s democratic period which fight for Venezuela’s right to self-determination. ☐ A call to action: Save Rodney Reed!

By Gloria Rubac about 50 feet tall outside the Bastrop that anyone with a clear mind can see that Houston County Court House is a towering obelisk, a the wrong person is awaiting execution. monument engraved with the Confederate The murder weapon, a belt that was used Thousands of protestors demonstrated battle flag erected by the local Daughters to strangle Stites, has never been tested outside the Texas Governor’s Mansion of the Confederacy in 1910. The majority in for DNA despite the defense’s requests. for three hours Nov. 9 to demand “Free the town want to keep it there. The highest court in Texas has denied Rodney Reed!” Reed’s execution is sched- Less than a mile away lives Reed’s testing. In 2018 the U.S. Supreme Court uled for Nov. 20. mother, Sandra Reed, on Martin Luther declined to directly review the Texas A busload of students from Prairie View King Drive. She and her whole family courts’ denial of DNA testing. University, one of the Historically Black have fought for two decades to stop the Colleges and Universities, were there. injustice against Rodney Reed. Forensic experts say Reed is innocent WW PHOTO: GLORIA RUBAC A young man from Wisconsin drove to Renowned forensic pathologists, Rodney Reed Austin with hundreds of large white A racist frame-up to protect violent cop including Michael Baden, M.D.; Werner flags—​which he printed himself—​read- The real reason Reed took the hit for Spitz, M.D.; LeRoy Riddick, M.D.; and governor’s mansion in Austin will begin ing INNOCENT! with a silhouette of a this murder is that the actual killer was Cyril Wecht, M.D., have all concluded Nov. 14 at 7 p.m. and end at 7 a.m. on man behind bars. He was attaching them very likely the white cop who was engaged that Reed’s guilt is medically and scientif- Nov. 15. Another all-nighter, also begin- to 10-foot poles for all who wanted one. to Stites, Jimmy Fennell. All evidence ically impossible. The state’s three foren- ning Nov. 14 at 7 p.m., will be held outside The Texas Death Penalty Abolition points to him, and in the last few weeks sic experts have admitted on record to the U.S. Supreme Court and will end the Movement took carloads from the people have given sworn statements errors in their trial testimony, which led next day at 10 a.m. S.H.A.P.E. Center in Houston to Austin. that he confessed to the killing. Fennell to Reed’s conviction and death sentence. As Reed’s brother Rodrick Reed has One of the drivers was Ozell Brandley, recently served 10 years in prison for kid- Fennell’s best friend at the time of the explained many times, this isn’t just about brother of Clarence Brandley, who was napping and raping a woman he stopped crime, Bastrop Sheriff’s Officer Curtis his brother. There are many Rodney freed from Texas death row in 1990 after for a traffic violation. But at the time of Davis, has now revealed that Fennell gave Reeds wrongfully imprisoned. We must wrongfully spending 10 years awaiting the crime against Stites, local cops were an inconsistent account of where he was fight for all of them. The people aren’t execution. covering up for him. the night of the murder. On Oct. 29, Arthur asking Gov. Abbott for anything special, Reed’s case has become the most publi- The Death Penalty Information Center’s Snow, who was in prison with Fennell, dis- only that he do the right thing. “We’re cized and well-known death penalty case in Executive Director Robert Dunham told the closed a conversation in which Fennell con- asking for justice, for integrity. We have recent history. From celebrities like Oprah Texas Observer, a progressive news maga- fessed to murdering Stacey Stites, stating, to bring my brother home,” says Rodrick. Winfrey, Beyonce, LL Cool J, Rihanna, zine, that the Reed case has generated so “I had to kill my n-loving fiancée.” As the thousands chanted on Austin’s Dr. Phil McGraw and Kim Kardashian to much attention because it “has all the char- Reed will likely be present for a hearing streets, “Brick by brick, wall by wall, Free national media like CNN, The New York acteristics of what used to be lynchings. ... on his case on Nov. 13. He asked his fam- Rodney Reed, free them all!” Times and Democracy Now! Reed’s case is This looks like an African-American man ily during a visit Nov. 1 to gather people to Follow events on Facebook at Reed being recognized around the country as one is being railroaded to his death because rally outside at noon and then attend the Justice Initiative. Drop Reed a note: of injustice. of a consensual relationship with a white 1:30 hearing. The Rev. Al Sharpton will be Rodney Reed #999271, Polunsky Unit, Support keeps pouring in: from Steve woman who was cheating on a dirty cop.” one of many speakers. 3872 FM 350 South, Livingston, TX Adler, the mayor of Austin; Texas Sen. So many facts have come out recently An all-night protest outside the 77351. ☐ Ted Cruz; Joe S. Vasquez, the Catholic Bishop of Austin; and the dozens of Texas legislators from both parties who have contacted the governor. Sister Helen Invest in Workers World! Prejean, known for her book opposing the The end of the year is traditionally ultimate goal of To renew death penalty, “Dead Man Walking,” is an when people show their appreciation for breaking capi- or join, write advocate for Reed. what matters most to them. talism’s chains. checks to If you are not one of the over 2.5 mil- How can you show your gratitude for Right now, Workers World lion people who have signed the petition what Workers World gives you 51 weeks you can renew and mail them, to stop Reed’s execution, you must do it a year? your mem- with your name right now! Go to FreeRodneyReed.com. Not only can you renew your mem- bership in the and address, to The scheduled execution is only days bership in the Workers World Supporter Workers World 147 W. 24th St., 2nd away, and we must stop it. Program or join the program, but you Supporter Program Floor, New York, NY Reed, who is African American, was can also show your appreciation by or join the program 10011. Or donate online convicted of raping and murdering a remembering Workers World in your and help WW tell work- at workers.org/donate/; young white woman, Stacey Stites, in will. That will ensure the paper will con- ing-class truth year round. it’s easy to set up monthly 1998 in the small, overtly racist town tinue well into the future to bring read- Members receive a year’s subscrip- deductions. To find out how of Bastrop. The two were involved in a ers news and Marxist analysis that never tion to WW, a monthly letter about to put Workers World in your romantic relationship, and it was not appears in the corporate media. timely issues and five free subscriptions will, write to the program. common to see interracial couples in You can promote Workers World’s to give to friends for a donation of a min- Help build Workers World—​for Bastrop. The all-white jury who sent Reed global agenda for justice, equality and imum of $75 or $100 or $300 (only $25 today and for the future! to death row obviously disapproved. revolutionary socialism—​with the a month). A little background on Bastrop: Standing Page 4 Nov. 14, 2019 workers.org

Civil Rights era Gay men, Black and white, led North Carolina fight Lavender & Red, part 56

white-supremacist segregation of their turned power hoses on lunch counters. Within one year, the 600 schoolchildren. ... struggle won desegregation of lunch Martin Luther King counters in 126 Southern cities. Jr. wrote his “Letter Baker was drawn into this vortex of from a Birmingham struggle. He [awaited] the fall of 1960 Jail” after being arrested when he would enter North Carolina for leading the Good College in Durham. Black college stu- Friday march there. The dents were organizing. Lacey Streeter, powerful impact of the another native of Greenville, led the Birmingham demonstra- NAACP ­chapter at NCC. tions was felt through- Baker later recalled, “By the time I got out the South, including to college I was so ready [for struggle] Durham, where young that it became almost more important Civil Rights activists to me than the academic work. My first readied themselves to By Leslie Feinberg semester I was in the NAACP and demon- wage “an all-out war Leslie Feinberg PHOTO: ANH ÐÀO KOLBE strating. I didn’t stop for the four years I against segregation.” This is an edited version of an article was there!” about the struggle of what it means to be published on March 10, 2006. As Baker organized boycotts, sit-ins, Baker helps lead Chapel Hill movement human.” rallies and street demonstrations, his Baker [became] a prominent, tire- Baker wrote letters for Black prisoners Gay youths, Black and white, led break- tactical and organizational skills became less organizer of the deepening Durham and at least one white. He said, “I learned through struggles against racism and Jim renowned. He helped other young leaders protest movement. He agreed in 1963 to a lot about people. Having to read, talk Crow apartheid in North Carolina—​the to develop. He became president of the work with the Chapel Hill movement, too. to, and see people, and understanding Durham and Chapel Hill freedom strug- NAACP state youth organization and an “With Baker and the Chapel Hill Black what kinds of lives they have, I began to gles—​during the early 1960s, and won NAACP Commando. teens involved,” Sears explained, “tactics appreciate what being human is about. It victories that reverberated throughout Baker later recalled, “A lot of student changed from picketing to sit-ins and was an incredible beginning for me in my the Deep South. leaders and activists were often gay men,” marches.” As the summer of 1963 began, quest to understand about being a human Historian James T. Sears, a significant adding that the men weren’t often aware activists were organizing three marches a being and how to put into that context my white contributor to Southern struggle of lesbian activists. [He] worked closely week, while picketing numerous white- blackness and my sexual orientation.” history, devotes a chapter about three with two gay, white anti-racist activists. owned segregated businesses. In August 1963, as the March on main organizers of the North Carolina Cusick recalls Baker teaching demon- Washington was drawing huge numbers, movement in his book, “Lonely Hunters: Anti-racist struggle awakens strators how to fall and protect them- the impact of the gay-baiting and red-bait- An Oral History of Lesbian and Gay white activists selves from the police. When criticized by ing attacks on Bayard Rustin, the march’s Southern Life, 1948-1968.” Pat Cusick, like other white youth more liberal elements [from Chapel Hill] leading tactician, was felt by Civil Rights Quinton Baker, African-American and [active] in the struggle, had grown up for using these tactics to break the law, activists of all nationalities and sexualities gay, was a key leader. Baker was born under white supremacist indoctrination. Baker said, “We would reply, ‘If you agree in the Deep South, including Baker. ... on the coastal plain of North Carolina in These youth had to break with racist ide- with my cause, then you need to act on ‘The tactician who brought 1942. While not transgender in today’s ology … to put their bodies on the line to [that] fact. Don’t worry about my tactics. the connection’ terms, Baker explained: “When you speak end Jim Crow laws. Concentrate on what you’re doing that the way I speak in the South, you stand Cusick worked at a General Electric supports the cause that we both believe Baker noted: “There were really some out. For a lot of people my speech pat- plant in Rome, Ga. The voice of Lillian in.’” good solid white people who came into tern was feminine. The attitude was one Smith, a Southern anti-racist white writer, Cusick described the impact of the the [Civil Rights] Movement. Those white of quiet acceptance.” reached Cusick after she sent a letter to arrest of 34 demonstrators, including people who got beat up with me, went to Baker was a senior in an all-Black high the New York Times hailing the 1954 himself, on July 19, in what [became] a jail with me, sat down with me, it is very school on Feb. 1, 1960, when four African- Supreme Court decision that ended rac- turning point in the Chapel Hill freedom difficult to question their commitment.” American students at Agricultural and ist segregation in schools. Smith, [who] movement. “Like most whites, [for me] a As civil disobedience spread, more Technical College ordered coffee at a did not use the word lesbian to describe policeman was a friendly image. There is activists—Black​ and white—went​ to jail. Greensboro, N.C., restaurant from a herself, had a female life-partner. nothing like [getting] your head whipped, On Jan. 12, 1964, the Chapel Hill Freedom counter that only served whites. They Cusick [attended] the University of your teeth knocked in, and your ribs Committee organized a 13-mile march were refused service. North Carolina in Chapel Hill. He worked kicked. You come to a [different] knowl- from Chapel Hill to Durham. There, at The next morning, 27 Black A&T stu- as a campus custodian in 1962 while he edge. …” least 500 crowded into the First Baptist dents ordered coffee at that counter. “We studied mathematics. In jail, Cusick and fellow activist pris- Church to hear CORE national chairper- are prepared to keep coming for two years When the writer James Baldwin, oners discussed Baldwin’s “Another son, Floyd McKissick, and John Knowles, if we have to,” vowed one youth. African-American and gay, came to Country,” which wove themes of societal a gay white author of “A Separate Peace,” The “sit-ins” electrified the South. One Durham to speak to the students, Cusick racism and homophobia. speak. week later, the sit-in movement sparked traveled from Chapel Hill to hear him. Cusick said, “There were more gays CORE leader James Farmer told the similar protests in North Carolina cit- Baker was there, too. He explains: “We than people realized in the Civil Rights cheering crowd, “Unless Chapel Hill ies with historically Black colleges: were interested in [Baldwin] because of Movement. [Within] a movement that is an open city by Feb. 1, it will become Durham, Elizabeth City, High Point and his racial analysis and his analysis of our was not directly related to sexual ori- the focal point of all our efforts. All our Winston-Salem. The sit-ins at lunch condition, more so than his writing hav- entation but more involved in day-to- resources, staff funds and training will be counters spread from Nashville, Tenn., ing sexual undertones. He came [to] sup- day social justice issues with a common centered here.” to Tallahassee, Fla. port what we were doing.” enemy, the movement would bring In April 1964, Baker, Cusick and Sears noted, “By the end of March, 68 Cusick became an activist in the “ban you closer together. [T]here was not a Dunne were sentenced to six months, cities in 13 Southern states reported sit- the bomb” movement. He later said, “It great deal of conversation about sexual one year and three years of hard labor, ins, including a wade-in at the all-white was easier for me to [oppose] the war orientation.” respectively. By July 2, the struggle had swimming pool in Biloxi, Miss., a read-in in Vietnam and form the Student Peace Baker was also imprisoned for his forced President Lyndon Johnson to sign at the library in St. Petersburg, Fla., and Union than to get involved in civil rights. activism in 1963, in Morgantown Prison the Civil Rights Act that barred racist seg- kneel-ins at all-white churches.” I never even considered gay rights.” Camp, a desegregated federal prison facil- regation of public accommodations. Hundreds of youth activists were An openly gay white youth, John ity in West Virginia. He observed, “The Cusick concluded: Quinton Baker was arrested and locked up, where they Dunne, also joined the SPU. Sears wrote, chain gang was one of those experiences “the tactician who brought the connec- faced serious charges. City officials in “John’s apartment was the first place you say, ‘I’m glad I had it; I never want to tion to the [North Carolina] statewide Orangeburg, S.C., gave the go-ahead to where Pat [Cusick] talked with other gay do it again.’ It was there I really learned movement.” ☐ turn power hoses on student demonstra- men who shared his passion for social tors and then held them in an open stock- justice. …” ade in 40-degree weather. Tallahassee The white SPU activists began a sys- cops tear gassed youth activists. Klan tematic desegregation effort in Chapel Rainbow Solidarity in Defense of Cuba mobs met Civil Rights demonstrators Hill, including organizing boycotts of by Leslie Feinberg with bats and pipes in Bessemer and white-segregationist businesses. This ground-breaking book is a compilation of 25 Montgomery, Ala. Dunne returned to Chapel Hill on May articles about same-sex love and sex/gender variance in This struggle marked the qualita- 20, 1963, from Birmingham, Ala., where Cuba’s pre- and post-revolutionary history. tive opening of a youth-led Civil Rights he had been arrested [for] loitering and Movement. It [began] the larger stu- failure to obey a police officer. [There,] he Available, along with complete Lavender & Red series, as dent struggle of the 1960s and 1970s. worked to locate Black youth who [were] free download at workers/org/books. By May 1960, a few businesses [ended] arrested after Bull Connor’s police force workers.org Nov. 14, 2019 Page 5 40th anniversary: Greensboro Massacre provides lessons for today’s movement

By Dante Strobino ACTWU, and expand union organizing among the state’s Greensboro, N.C. textile workers. TUEL activists won leadership in several union locals Hundreds of labor and community activists gath- in North Carolina and organized support for six labor ered at Bennett College Nov. 1-3 in Greensboro, N.C., to strikes around the state in 1978 and four in 1979. Early commemorate the 40th anniversary of the Greensboro in 1979, in reaction to TUEL’s emphasis on rank-and-file Massacre. On Nov. 3, 1979, the American Nazi Party and leadership, ACTWU’s top leaders placed five Cone Mills Ku Klux Klan of North Carolina ambushed a Communist union locals under receivership; they suspended local Workers Party rally in Greensboro and shot several dem- officers and took control of finances and decisions. onstrators, killing five textile plant union organizers in The ACTWU had recently lost an election at Cannon broad daylight. Mills in Kannapolis, N.C., but was engaged in a nation- The massacre was captured by TV cameras. Due to the wide boycott supporting unionization at J.P. Stevens collusion of the Greensboro Police Department, FBI and WW PHOTO plants in Roanoke Rapids, N.C. The TUEL, led by Waller, the federal Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, Members of UE Local 150 attend the Greensboro Massacre Sampson and Smith, was preparing to launch a state- then a division of the U.S. Department of the Treasury, conference and commemoration, Nov. 2. wide independent textile workers union prior to their with the Klan and Nazis, the murderers were acquitted murders in Greensboro. by two all-white juries. Eric Gill, financial secretary of UNITE HERE Local The recent conference honored the contributions of 5, stated at the labor workshop: “They were not just Black Workers for Justice founded the five members of the CWP who were killed: Sandra organizing a union, but organizing a revolutionary Wrenn explained that the Greensboro massacre was Smith, William Sampson, Dr. James Waller, Dr. Michael core of workers to fundamentally transform society.” a setback to union organizing in North Carolina, which Nathan and Cesar Cauce. He referred to the seven-city strike that UNITE HERE unleashed a period of intense anti-union and anti-com- Rev. Nelson Johnson and Joyce Johnson hosted the led in 2018, which involved 7,000 workers at Marriott munist attacks on labor. After the decline and collapse conference, along with many other local activists from hotels. Their slogan was “One job should be enough,” of TUEL and an intense period of red-baiting—​but the Greensboro community who built the Beloved which Gill said is “our generation’s fight for the eight- influenced by the victorious 1978 Rocky Mount sanita- Community Center and the Faith Community Church hour workday.” tion workers strike—workers​ in eastern North Carolina to continue the pursuit of justice and reconciliation. organized Black Workers for Justice in 1981. Cultural and faith-based programs were featured to Carrying forward workplace organizing today The BWFJ’s community-based, rank-and-file, in-plant draw a wider community base, including a play by Emily Bertha “Cookie” Bradley, a 21-year worker at Wendy’s, organizing committees across the state led to the estab- Mann and a dance performance by Contra-Tiempo. was a CWP member in Durham in 1979. Her experience lishment of the N.C. Public Service Workers Union, There was also a memorial day of praise and worship helped her become a leader of the Fight for $15 per United Electrical Workers (UE) Local 150 in 1997. church services. Rev. William Barber II, leader of the hour—​today’s minimum wage movement. She stated During 35 years working at Cummins Rocky Mount Poor People’s Campaign of 2018, addressed the crowd that her long-term political commitment helped her Engine Plant, Wrenn built the union there. He is now via video. fight the bosses, who offered her a $50,000 salary as the N.C. statewide UE Local 150 secretary-treasurer. The conference hosted eight workshops on district manager to stop her from speaking out publicly Mavis Stith, a UE Local 150 member at the Cummins “Educational and Movement Building,” taking up and organizing her co-workers. She refused the offer in plant, and Wrenn, led the successful effort this year by the the role each sector plays in building the movement. solidarity with the workers and also to maintain her role Phoenix Historical Society to persuade the state to erect a Workshop topics included youth and intergenerational as a worker in the movement. historical marker commemorating the sanitation workers’ organizing, labor and worker justice, legal and policy Bradley stressed the importance of one-on-one orga- strike, one of six strikes in the state in 1978. The marker work, and faith-based and religious work. Other major nizing as critical in building broad workplace and com- says the strike “reshaped the labor movement in N.C.” focal points were climate change and environmental jus- munity involvement in the working-class movement. She Wrenn explained his view that UE Local 150 is an tice, struggles against racism and white supremacy, gen- also stressed the need to connect workplace struggles independent, progressive, statewide social justice union, der equity, justice for im/migrants, building local power, with community movements for social justice. “We must and it is a legacy of the 1970s workers movement that and cultural work and the arts. organize the unorganized. Invest in the dis-invested. Our was attacked 40 years ago in Greensboro. In spite of the society has dis-invested in low-wage workers. You can state making collective bargaining for public workers Remembering the five labor activists see this dis-investment in schools, neighborhoods and illegal, UE Local 150 has successfully organized thou- Conference participants continually stressed that the housing,” she stated. sands of municipal and state mental health and univer- CWP 5 had all focused on labor organizing in the South Jim Wrenn, who survived multiple gunshot wounds sity workers, as well as manufacturing workers at over before they were murdered. Sandra Smith, who was from the massacre, pointed out, “We were on the verge 15 N.C. workplaces. UE Local 150 efforts have won many African American, had been the Bennett College student of launching an independent, progressive rank-and- crucial victories, such as raising wages to $15 an hour in body president, a worker at Cone Mills Revolution plant file textile workers union in North Carolina.” He spoke five cities—​and for all state employees. The local has in Greensboro and chairperson of the union organizing of the TUEL’s efforts to build rank-and-file leader- also won reinstatement of unfairly fired workers. committee there, and then a worker at Cannon Mills in ship, increase democracy inside unions, including the UE Local 150 and BWFJ joined with the International Kannapolis, N.C. Longshoremen’s Association Local 1422 in Charleston, William Sampson led a surge of rank-and-file union S.C., National Nurses United and other forces to form activity for worker health and safety at Cone Mills White the Southern Workers Assembly, which seeks to orga- Oak plant. He was president-elect of Clothing and Textile nize workers across the South and host workers’ schools. Workers (ACTWU) Local 1391. The SWA launched the Southern Workers Medicare for Dr. James Waller, a founding member of the Carolina All campaign. Brown Lung Association, screened workers for byssino- Wrenn called on everyone to support the SWA as a sis (a lung disease caused by inhaling textile fiber dust), way to carry on the struggle for which the CWP 5 gave and fought for compensation for those sickened by it. their lives 40 years ago. Waller worked at Cone Mills Granite plant in Haw River, N.C., was elected president of ACTWU Local 1113-T and ‘Shoutout to Chicago Teachers Union!’ led the local in a strike against pay cuts in July 1978. The conference labor panel also discussed the growing Later that year, he was elected national president of the strike wave across the U.S. Todd Warren, a Greensboro CWP-led Trade Union Educational League (TUEL). elementary school teacher and president of the Guilford Dr. Michael Nathan was chief of pediatrics at Lincoln County Association of Educators, raised the Chicago Community Health Clinic in Durham, N.C., which was Teachers Union’s actions. He praised their recent strike, instrumental in serving Black and low-income chil- which not only took up workplace concerns, but raised dren. He played an important role in helping workers major issues affecting students and their communities, unionize at Duke Hospital. He was also a main orga- such as smaller class sizes and affordable housing. nizer of a major medical aid effort for freedom fighters “The 1979 attack was an attack on organized labor,” in Zimbabwe in 1977-78. stated Warren. “Shoutout to the Chicago Teachers Union Cesar Cauce was a data terminal operator at Duke which struck in 2012, setting off a wave of teacher strikes Hospital and a leader of the union organizing drive there across the country. They were bargaining for the com- in 1978-79. He was also active with the Duke Workers mon good.” Organizing Committee, which united hospital workers Warren related the recent Chicago organizing to work with members of American Federation of State, County, in North Carolina and throughout the South: “Teachers and Municipal Employees Local 77 and Operating and public workers have many restrictions on our union Engineers Local 465 at Duke. organizing like right-to-work and a ban on public sec- Conference participants stressed that the CWP 5 were tor collective bargaining. These are all Jim Crow laws.” doing more than organizing unions. They sought to build He connected these struggles to the CWP 5, whom he a broad movement to challenge white supremacy and praised as leading the way in North Carolina in fighting capitalism by building a mass base of resistance among Some coverage of the Greensboro Massacre in 1979 issues against racism and for workers power to push back white the most oppressed workers. of Workers World newspaper. supremacy and capitalism. ☐ Page 6 Nov. 14, 2019 workers.org Emergency march to Trump Tower: ‘U.S. hands off Bolivia!’

Special to Workers World Ecuador, December 12th Movement, Socialism and Liberation, Answer, U.S. to Stop FBI Repression, Freedom Road New York Peoples Forum, Workers World Party, Peace Council, United National Antiwar Socialist Organization and many others. BAYAN-USA, Pakistan USA Freedom Coalition, Code Pink, People’s Power Marches and rallies are being held Nov. 11—​An emergency rally and Forum, Samidoun: Palestinian Prisoner Assemblies/NYC, Fight for Im/migrants throughout the U.S. and globally in sol- march against the Nov. 10 right-wing Solidarity Network, La Lucha, Party for and Refugees Everywhere, Committee idarity with Evo Morales and his party coup in Bolivia that forced President Evo Movement Toward Socialism and against Morales to resign took place in New York the U.S.-backed coup. City on one day’s notice. Over 200 activ- Sara Flounders, speaking on behalf of ists gathered at the Bolivian Mission to the IAC at the New York rally, empha- the United Nations on Second Avenue sized: “Our unity is the most power- and then marched to Trump Tower on ful response. It is the weapon that has Fifth Avenue in midtown Manhattan for enabled the movements in Latin America a rally. The crowd chanted, “Evo, amigo! to survive and rebound time after time. El pueblo está contigo!” (Evo, friend! The We need to know and be confident that people are with you!) resistance in Bolivia is continuing right An Ad Hoc Rapid Response Network now. This struggle isn’t over. What is of activists came together to oppose Evo Morales and the Movement Toward the U.S.-backed coup against the first Socialism’s great crime? They united the elected Indigenous president of a South poorest, most oppressed, the Indigenous American country. The activists rep- against the capitalist class. Their unity resented the Bolivarian Circle, Call to won real gains. Our solidarity here and Action on Puerto Rico, International across the country and throughout Latin Action Center, Acción Revolución de America matters.” ☐ WW PHOTO: G. DUNKEL In Bolivia, Indigenous, workers resist Continued from page 1 New York City at the Bolivian Consulate—​ the U.S. trained them in repression. These of thousands of people in the streets sup- to protest the coup. Workers World Party steps, along with MAS’s nationalization of porting Morales, including Indigenous happened was a fascist takeover with the issued a call to its members and friends what had been big profit centers for impe- organizations and the Confederation of collusion of the police and military—and​ around the country “to support any rialist-based monopolies, made Morales a Bolivian Workers. imperialist backing—that​ has crushed all demonstrations defending the life and target of U.S. imperialism. By Nov. 8 and 9, elements of the police democratic norms in Bolivia. The charge freedom of Evo Morales and other mem- Long before the Oct. 20 vote, the had not only refused to stop the fascist of electoral fraud is a phony pretext for bers of his government and protesting the Bolivian right wing made it clear they gangs from destroying parts of La Paz, the coup. U.S.-backed coup in Bolivia.” would not respect the results of the elec- they had joined the gangs. tion. Their coup had nothing to do with On the morning of Nov. 10, the Army World leaders denounce coup Why the rich hate Morales electoral fraud, which was never proven. clarified its position. General Williams Among those denouncing the coup Evo Morales was the first Indigenous Even an OAS declaration on Nov. 10—​ Kaliman, the top commander of the d’état are Cuban President Miguel person to become Bolivia’s president. which was issued two days early in Bolivian Armed Forces, “suggested” to Díaz-Canel, the recently freed Brazilian First elected in 2006, he was in charge of order to pile on pressure for Morales to the president that he resign his mandate. leader Lula Da Silva, President-elect this pluri-national country until Nov. 10. resign—​vaguely referred to “irregulari- The threat was clear. Alberto Fernández and Vice President- Some 55-60 percent of Bolivia’s 11.6 mil- ties” and not fraud. While the scenario might differ from elect Cristina Fernández de Kirchner of lion people are Indigenous. Immediately after the Oct. 20 election a classic army coup in which the officers Argentina, Venezuelan President Nicolás Bolivia’s tiny oligarchy of super-rich, showed that Morales had won another order their troops to seize the govern- Maduro, Colombian political leader mostly of European descent, have imposed five-year term, Bolivian counterrevo- ment, it is still a fascist coup based on Gustavo Petro, social-democratic lead- an ideology of anti-Indigenous racism that lutionaries, from their bases in eastern anti-Indigenous racism, financed by the ers Pablo Iglesias of Spain and Jeremy is now aimed at Morales. Naturally, the cities like Santa Cruz—​stronghold of oligarchy and by imperialism, and sup- Corbyn of Britain, and many other social rich also hate him for his policies. Over coup leader Camacho —​mobilized fas- ported by the police and the army. movements, political parties and well- the last 13 years, the MAS government has cist gangs. They marched toward La Paz, Demonstrations Nov. 11 in New York known individuals worldwide. used some of Bolivia’s wealth to lift 20 per- their “shock troops” wearing face masks City and elsewhere will underscore that The Mexican foreign minister, in addi- cent of the people out of abject poverty. But as they beat people and torched homes, every progressive person and organiza- tion to denouncing the coup in Bolivia, the rich want it all for themselves. including the house of Morales’ sister. tion should condemn the coup and defend has offered Mexico’s Embassy in La Paz Morales also joined Venezuela, In La Paz these gangs took to the streets the lives and freedom of Evo Morales and as a secure place for persecuted Bolivian Ecuador, Cuba and Nicaragua to estab- and fought to wrest control of public other MAS leaders, in solidarity with the politicians to seek asylum. Already about lish Latin American organizations that places from the government’s supporters. people of Bolivia. 20 members of MAS are there. allowed some economic sovereignty, Above La Paz is the city of El Alto, a In the United States, numerous instead of being subservient to U.S. and nearly 100-percent Indigenous city more Workers World has covered these anti-imperialist and anti-war organiza- EU imperialism. In 2008, he stopped than 13,000 feet above sea level. It is a events in more detail online, mainly in tions are supporting emergency demon- sending Bolivian Army officers to the stronghold of support for the govern- translations of articles by Marco Teruggi, strations on Nov. 11—for​ example, one in infamous “School of the Americas,” where ment. Reports and videos showed tens which are available at workers.org. Mass protests in Chile slam growing inequality

Special to Workers World policies that have transformed their country into one of the most economically unequal in Latin America. The Beginning in mid-October, and continuing every protests, initiated by youth over increases in transit Friday since then, hundreds of thousands of Chileans fares, have spread from Santiago to other areas despite have been demonstrating against government neoliberal heavy government repression—reports​ claim at least 42 dead and 121 missing at the hands of police in the first two weeks. These demonstrations are the larg- est since a fascist coup, led by General Augusto Pinochet in 1973 with U.S. backing, crushed the progressive gov- NYC: Solidarity with Chile ernment of President Salvador Allende and opened up a reign of terror. What About 200 people gathered in protest in Union Square followed was massive privatization in New York City Nov. 4 to support a general strike in of the country’s wealth, even affect- progress in Chile. Many were Chileans exiled during ing access to water. After Pinochet’s the U.S.-backed military dictatorship of Gen. Augusto retirement in 1990, a supposed demo- Pinochet, which lasted from 1973 to 1990. Nieves Ayress, cratic government was restored, but the a former political prisoner under Pinochet, spoke [with country remains in the grip of a small flag in photo]. Militants from Mexico and Puerto Rico wealthy ruling class that relies on the gave solidarity statements with Chile’s current mobili- military and police to maintain power zation against neoliberal austerity measures. Organizers over an increasingly impoverished stated they intend to keep up the solidarity gatherings. working class. ☐ Mass protest, Santiago, Nov. 8. PHOTO: TELESUR — Report and photo by G. Dunkel workers.org Nov. 14, 2019 Page 7 Why U.S. imperialism hates Evo Morales

A look at these excerpts from Bolivian President Evo Morales’ speech to the “The world is being controlled by U.N. General Assembly on Sept. 24, a global oligarchy. ... Twenty-six shows why the U.S. State Department and the CIA targeted the progressive people own the same wealth as Latin American leader. 3.8 billion people. That is unfair,

Once again we meet in the most import- that is immoral, that is inadmissible. ant multilateral organization of humanity The underlying problem lies in to reflect and analyze collectively on the global problems that concern the peoples the model of production and of the world. We note with concern the multilateral consumerism, in the ownership system’s deterioration, which is the prod- of natural resources and in the uct of unilateral measures promoted by some states that have decided to ignore unequal distribution of wealth. Let’s the commitments, good faith and global say it very clearly: The root of the structures built for a healthy coexistence between states, within the framework of problem is in the capitalist system.” international law and the basic principles of the Charter of the United Nations. We meet in this forum to discuss and find solutions to the serious threats facing humanity and life on the planet. Bolivian President Evo Morales The threat to Mother Earth speaking to the U.N. General Our house, Mother Earth (Pacha Mama), is our only home and is irreplace- Assembly, Sept. 24. able. It increasingly suffers more fires, more floods, hurricanes, earthquakes, solutions to very complex problems. • Life expectancy increased by nine indispensable for life, for the integration droughts and other catastrophes. Technology has meant a qualitative leap years. and development of the peoples. Each year is hotter than the previous for humanity. However, it is necessary • The minimum wage rose from $60 Therefore, Bolivia will not give up its one, the thaws are greater, the level of that from this multilateral body agree- to $310. right to sovereign access to the Pacific the oceans grows. Every day we suffer ments on the matter be established with Ocean. • The gender gap in land titling for the disappearance of species, soil erosion, the participation of all States. In 2015 and 2018, the International women was reduced; 138,788 desertification and deforestation. Court of Justice of the Hague, through women received land in 2005 and Sisters and brothers, we are warned The root problem: The capitalist system its decisions, ruled on this. [Morales here 1,011,249 up to 2018. that if we follow this course of action, by Sisters and brothers, it is essential to cites rulings that show that Bolivia has the year 2100 we will reach an increase of talk about the structural causes of the dif- • Bolivia ranks as the third country the right to a coastline, which was lost 3° Celsius. That would imply massive and ferent crises. in the world with the highest to Chile in a late 19th century war, but devastating changes. Transnational companies control food, participation of women in which can still be resolved by negotia- The consequences of climate change water, nonrenewable resources, weapons, Parliament. More than 50 percent tions between the two countries.] Sisters will condemn, according to data from technology and our personal data. They of Parliament is made up of women. and brothers, this judicial decision has our organization [the U.N.], millions of intend to commercialize everything, to • Bolivia was declared a territory free not ended the controversy. On the con- people to poverty, hunger, no potable accumulate more capital. of illiteracy in 2008. trary, it is explicit in recognizing that it water, losing their homes, forced dis- The world is being controlled by a • School dropout rate fell from 4.5 continues and emphasizes that it does not placement, more refugee crises and new global oligarchy, only a handful of billion- percent to 1.5 percent between close off the possibility of both states find- armed conflicts. aires define the political and economic 2005 and 2018. ing a solution. Sisters and brothers, in recent weeks destiny of humanity. Therefore, the United Nations • The infant mortality rate was we have been surprised by the forest Twenty-six people have the same Organization must monitor and demand reduced by 56 percent. fires that have been unleashed in differ- wealth as 3.8 billion people. That is unfair, full compliance with the decisions of ent parts of the planet: in the Amazon, in that is immoral, that is unacceptable. • We are in the process of the court, so that both peoples continue Oceania and Africa, affecting flora, fauna The underlying problem lies in the implementing the Universal Health negotiating in good faith, to close open and biodiversity. model of production and consumerism, System, which will guarantee that wounds. It is possible to promote a good In recent weeks, fires have broken out in the ownership of natural resources 100 percent of Bolivians access free, neighborhood spirit, and open a new time in Bolivia, which we have been fighting and in the unequal distribution of wealth. dignified service, with quality and in our relationship, to forge mutually against, using our financial, technical and Let’s say it very clearly: The root of the warmth. acceptable and lasting solutions. human resources. To date, our country problem is in the capitalist system. • We passed a law to provide free Sisters and brothers, our countries face has spent more than $15 million to mit- That is why the United Nations is health care for cancer patients. diverse and conflicting situations, which igate fires. more relevant and important than ever. The above data are part of the achieve- must be approached in a sovereign man- We thank the International Community Individual efforts are insufficient and ments of our democratic and cultural ner and solutions must be found through for their timely cooperation in our fight only joint action and unity will give us an revolution, which have given Bolivia dialogue and negotiation, in favor of the against the fires, as well as their commit- opportunity to overcome them. political, economic and social stability. interests of the people. ment to participate in postfire actions. As we have already said, the responsi- Sisters and brothers: Bolivia, in accordance with the reso- bility of our generation is to give the next lutions of the United Nations, ratifies its Military spending and world poverty How did we achieve these achieve- a fairer and more human world. ments in such a short time? How is it that rejection of the economic and financial The arms race, military spending, tech- That will only be achieved if we work Bolivia has taken the path to defeat pov- blockade imposed against Cuba, which nology at the service of death and the together to consolidate a multipolar erty and underdevelopment? violates all human rights. unscrupulous arms trade have increased. world, with common rules, defending Thanks to the conscience of the peo- Finally, sisters and brothers, I take this The financial system remains undem- multilateralism and the principles and ple, of the social movements, of the opportunity to thank all member coun- ocratic, inequitable and unstable, which purposes of the Charter of the United Indigenous, peasants, workers, profes- tries for their support in the various ini- privileges tax havens and the banking Nations and International Law. sionals, of men and women of the coun- tiatives promoted by Bolivia. secrecy that subjects weak countries to This year: The International Year of Bolivia‘s achievements tryside and of the cities. accept conditions that perpetuate their We nationalized our natural resources Indigenous Languages, The Declaration dependence. Sisters and brothers, in Bolivia we have and our strategic companies. We have of the Rights of Peasants and the We note with sadness that the great taken very important steps: taken control of our destiny. Declaration of June 21 as International social asymmetries continue. According • We are the country with the highest We are building a Community and Solstice Day. to Oxfam, today 1.3 billion people live economic growth in South America, Productive Social Economic Model, To conclude, we ratify our commit- in poverty, while 1 percent of the richest with an average of 4.9 percent in which recognizes basic services (water, ment to consolidate a new world order of kept 82 percent of the world’s wealth in the last six years. electricity, telecommunications) as a peace with social justice, in harmony with 2017. Mother Earth to Live Well [Vivir Bien], • Between 2005 and 2019, the gross human right. Inequality, hunger, poverty, the migra- respecting the dignity and identity of the domestic product increased from Today we can say with pride and opti- tion crisis, epidemic diseases, unemploy- peoples. $9.574 billion to $40.885 billion. mism that Bolivia has a future. ment, are not just local problems, they are global problems. • We have the lowest unemployment Bolivia’s right of access to Complete speech available in English On the other hand, the creative capac- in the region. It fell from 8.1 percent the Pacific Ocean at undocs.org/en/A/74/PV.3 pp. 36/60. in 2005 to 4.2 percent in 2018. ity of humanity every day surprises us Sisters and brothers, there is a with new inventions and new technolog- • Extreme poverty fell from 38.2 pending issue in the region, the sea is ical applications. They have offered great percent to 15.2 percent in 13 years. Page 8 Nov. 14, 2019 workers.org

WW commentary ‘Harriet’­—A powerful depiction of the legendary abolitionist

By Monica Moorehead especially if the center of attention is a per- moving and riveting portrayal son of color, it deserves special recognition. of Harriet. In fact, during Institutionalized bigotry, be it rac- “Harriet” meets those criteria and the ending credits, when they ism, gender oppression or LGBTQ2S+ has gotten rave reviews from critics. show an actual photo of the oppression, has impacted every sector of Directed by Kasi Lemmons, an African- abolitionist, there is a striking U.S. society. The form may vary, but the American woman who wrote and directed resemblance between Erivo intent is the same—​to promote racial, the critically acclaimed “Eve’s Bayou,” and Tubman. Harriet Tubman and actor Cynthia Erivo. patriarchal and other divisions to keep “Harriet” is a depiction of the former The movie also stars Tony the bosses and bankers in power and the enslaved woman, Harriet Tubman, who winner Leslie Odom Jr. as multinational working class powerless, became the most famous conductor of the Harriet’s mentor; Vondie Curtis-Hall, the bounty hunter, Walter, played by Henry with miseducation. Underground Railroad before the U.S. real-life spouse of director Lemmons, as Hunter Hall—Lemmons’ and Hall’s Hollywood movies cannot be separated Civil War. Debra Martin Chase, a Black a preacher who helped Tubman escape to son—is​ won over to Tubman’s cause. from this stark reality, especially where cul- woman, is the producer of “Harriet.” freedom; and the pop singer icon Janelle Whether the Bigger Long character is tural racism is concerned. For many years, Lemmons says about “Harriet”: “[I]t’s Monáe as a freed woman who befriends historically accurate or not, such traitors people of color—​be they Black, Brown, a freedom movie; it’s not a slavery movie. and houses Tubman in Philadelphia. to the cause of freedom unfortunately did Latinx, Native, Arab or Asian—​were invis- It exists in a very perilous and conflicted There is one scene that subtly points exist. Dorsey’s character is a reminder ible when it came to being seen at all on the time in our country, but it’s really about to the class divide between enslaved and that not all roles played by actors of color big or small screen (television). And once freedom and what you’re willing to do freed women. When Monáe’s character, are heroic, one-dimensional or appealing they got a rare chance to perform, they for it—​not just for you, but for others. Marie, first meets Tubman, she tells her to all, compared to the ones that Black were forcibly locked into playing meaning- To live free or die is a very powerful con- to take a bath because she stinks. Tubman pioneering actors like Sidney Poitier were less and degrading roles. These portrayals cept.” (The Atlantic, Oct. 30) proudly rebuffs Marie, telling her that she forced to play to win over the sensibilities have evolved over time, thanks to social Harriet escaped from slavery on a plan- has never had to deal with the stench of of white audiences. progress, but all too often the results have tation in Dorchester County in Maryland slavery. Marie immediately apologizes to With all the accolades “Harriet” has won remained the same. Only the forms of neg- in 1848 while in her early twenties. She Harriet for her insensitive remark. from critics and audiences, the next big test ative typecasting have changed. reportedly rescued 70 or more other The movie has exceeded initial box-of- will come with award season in the coming The limited roles for people of color enslaved people from plantations on the fice expectations. With an operating few months. We’ll see if Erivo, Lemmons in the movie industry reflect that despite Eastern Shore of Maryland, including fam- budget of $17 million—​a mere pittance and the film itself receive Golden Globe any progress made in promoting “diver- ily members. compared to the usual $100 to $200 mil- and Academy Award nominations. The sity” in front of or behind the camera, the The screenplay is mainly based on a lion budgets of blockbusters—​“Harriet” Academy has a notorious history of exclud- fact remains that Hollywood studios—​in book, “Bound for the Promised Land: has made over $23 million at the box ing the performances of actors of color, terms of money and which films get pro- Harriet Tubman, Portrait of an American office since it first opened widely in the- especially in the Best Acting categories. duced—are​ still controlled by rich, white, Hero,” written by Kate Clifford Larson, aters Nov. 1. This means that both Black male studio executives. who was a consultant on the film. and white people are supporting the film. Forerunner to Black Lives Matter Therefore, it is within this historical Cynthia Erivo, the Tony award-winning The movie’s powerful soundtrack Before she died at the age of either 91 and political context that whenever a pro- actor from the Broadway musical “The was written by Terence Blanchard and or 93, Harriet Tubman was a supporter gressive film comes out of Hollywood, Color Purple,” provides a gut-wrenching, the stunning cinematography was done of the women’s suffrage movement. She by John Toll. There is a beautiful scene founded a home for infirm former slaves showing Tubman leading enslaved in Auburn, N.Y., where she is buried. In women, men and children to freedom as many ways, Tubman gave birth to the the voice of the great Nina Simone singing current-day Black Lives Matter move- “Sinnerman” is heard in the background. ment, founded in 2012 by Black queer But the heart and soul of the movie is women after the racist murder of 17-year- Erivo’s marvelous performance. There old Trayvon Martin in Florida. isn’t one moment throughout the film Tubman put the fear into white that you don’t believe she is actually supremacist slave owners everywhere Harriet Tubman or, as she came to be with her daring raids into the South to known, “Moses.” The ending scene of the free her people. She was a friend of the movie shows her leading a squad of Black great abolitionist John Brown, assisting Union Army troops into battle against him in the plot to raid Harpers Ferry to Confederate soldiers in South Carolina. arm enslaved people. There is a fleeting glance of Brown in the movie once the Some controversy Fugitive Slave Act was passed. Like any other movie, “Harriet” is not To quote Larson from the introduction without some controversy. Some have to her book: “Tubman has been guided criticized that Tubman is played by Erivo, by an interior life shaped by a particu- because she is of Nigerian and British lar slave experience. Suffering under the descent. This is an unjustified criticism, lash, disabled by a near-fatal head injury, since clearly Erivo is a person of African Tubman rose above horrific childhood descent. adversity to emerge with a will of steel. Another controversy centers around Refusing to be bound by the chains of a particular protagonist. Along with the slavery or by the low expectations lim- brutal plantation owners who exploited iting the lives of women and African Tubman and her family, there is a Black Americans, Tubman struggled against bounty hunter of runaways: Bigger Long, amazing odds to pursue a lifetime com- acted brilliantly by Omar J. Dorsey. mitment to liberty, equal rights, justice Lemmons explains, “In the corrupt- and self-determination.” ing system of slavery, there were peo- Hurry to see “Harriet.” You will be ple who worked for the wrong side.” inspired, educated and transformed once (BuzzFeedNews.com, Nov. 6) A younger you see it. ☐

The Klan & the Government Foes or Allies? By Sam Marcy Bus from New York City Examines the special relationship with the state that has Departs from/organized by: allowed the Ku Klux Klan to exist for over a century despite Solidarity Center / International Action Center 147 W. 24th St. 2nd floor, New York, NY (212) 633-6646 its criminal history of lynchings, murders, and intimidation. Tickets $45 to $30 (sliding scale) on sale Mon–Fri, 2–8 pm; www.iacenter.org Published in 1983. Departs NYC 6:00 am; Read it free at www.workers.org/marcy/klan/ Leaves Plymouth ~ 4:30 pm; Returns to NYC ~ 9:30 pm workers.org Nov. 14, 2019 Page 9 The U.S. Civil War: ‘The unfinished revolution’

The slightly edited two chapters revolutionaries who died at Harpers The war that Anderson that destroyed forever the below are from a 1974 essay written by Ferry (before the legal lynching of Brown had in mind would have power of the slave owners as a Workers World Party founding mem- and the others after the trial), nine were required not just a few a class and chattel slavery as ber, Vincent Copeland, who reintroduced Black. Eight whites and two Blacks of the Black and white guerrillas, a system. But it was a rev- the pamphlet, “A Voice from Harpers original band were killed in the conflict in no matter how brave and olution most unsatisfactory Ferry,” by Osborne P. Anderson, a for- addition to the hastily armed seven Black ready to die, but an all-out to the slaves themselves. mer enslaved Black man, who wrote a slaves. Two other Blacks were executed participation of the slave The ending of slavery as an firsthand account in 1861 about the raid with Brown. population, along with institution, as is well known, on Harpers Ferry, led by John Brown in History has finally given Brown tre- fairly massive support did not lead to any real ame- 1859. Anderson was one of the few sur- mendous credit for what was indeed a from the North. He must lioration of the actual condi- vivors of the raid. Go to workers.org/ tremendous feat. But Brown had been have felt—​and with good tions of life, particularly the book/a-voice-from-harpers-ferry/ to planning it for decades and the others in reason—​that this would economic conditions, for download or to order the 2000 edition the band had been thinking for months paralyze the U.S. govern- the vast majority of Black of the book. and for years about how to strike this dra- ment (which was already people at that time. matic blow. divided between “free soil‘‘ and pro-slavery What would the conclusion have been By Vince Copeland What about the seven nameless Black forces) so that especially with Lincoln now if the war had been fought as a revolution people who died for Black freedom with president, it would not be able to intervene from start to finish? Much has been written about the no prior notice whatever? They, too, no powerfully on the side of the South, as it First, the slaves would have been freed Harpers Ferry raid. But Osborne P. doubt, had thought for years about free- had done in the case of Brown’s raid. simply by striking off their own shack- Anderson’s story—​in the words of dom—​their own freedom. They had What actually happened was that the les. Second, they would have enforced W.E.B. Du Bois, “the most interesting lacked all possibility, all weapons, all South seceded before such a war could get their freedom by expropriating the plan- and reliable account of the raid” — has a communication for struggle. But con- started and in effect, started its own coun- tations of the masters and dividing up special significance that has been too long fronted with an opportunity given them terrevolutionary war. When the fighting the land. The Thirteenth, Fourteenth, neglected. by strangers, most of whom were of the erupted, it was counterrevolutionary war. and Fifteenth Amendments, if they took First, Anderson was one of the actual same race as the hated master class, they When the fighting erupted, it seemed at that form, would merely have been legal participants, and being Black, he might gave their lives in a moment and appar- first to have very little to do with slavery. afterthoughts. be expected to have a somewhat differ- ently without a qualm. The official battle cry in the North was The former slaveholders could never ent view of the affair than even the most History, even revolutionary history, not “Liberate the Slaves,” but “Preserve have made a comeback of the proportions inspired white supporters of John Brown. treats them as fillers of blank spaces. the Union.” they actually did, and the whole system of Second, he apparently wrote the pam- Did they simply take the guns and shoot Right up until Fort Sumter on April 12, racial inequality that prevails today would phlet with the hope of encouraging a gen- and get shot like so many extras in the 1861, it must have appeared to Anderson have no material basis at all. eral slave insurrection. movies? (and many thousands of other passion- We are apt to think of the United And third, he obviously expected other Anderson did not think so. Although ate Black and white abolitionists in the States as being the capitalist country, as whites to imitate the action of John he does not expand upon the facts when North) that the Northern capitalist gov- completely money-oriented, nonfeudal, Brown and help supply the arms for the he refers to the number of “colored” men ernment would never fight. Even after dynamic, etc. But in the more historical insurrection, as well as take up arms killed, his emphasis upon the number is Lincoln’s election and even after several sense, it is not so purely capitalist after all. themselves. obviously not due just to his racial pride. states had seceded, it must have appeared Probably no bourgeois revolution in He was interested, like most other It must always be borne in mind that he that the U.S. government would never history was a completely “finished” one Black and white abolitionists of that was speaking to a generation to which this wage ruthless war against the slave own- that definitively settled all questions of very revolutionary period, in continuing incident would conjure up an extremely ers of the South. bourgeois democracy and made social and the revolution that John Brown’s band earthshaking perspective. And even the The formal Confederacy was already political conditions thoroughly consistent had begun. But he seems to have based slightest emphasis would go a long way. established before Lincoln was inaugu- with bourgeois revolutionary ideas. his optimism upon the possibilities of rated. And Lincoln waited more than a But the Southern United States, and a slave insurrection, rather more than A different Civil War month before he acted. And even then in fact the whole United States, in spite upon white support, which he must have The Civil War may have begun by the he acted only under the prod of South of some small and temporary advances thought of as an important auxiliary force time his story was published, but it is Carolina’s provocative attack on Sumter. during Reconstruction, is to this day a rather than as the main body of struggle. clear from the text that it had not begun It was, of course, a war against slavery classical example of the most unfinished He took pains to emphasize the number when he wrote it. It is also clear that he when it did come, regardless of the will of all bourgeois revolutions. And one of of slaves who accepted guns the moment was not thinking of that kind of civil war; of most of its official leaders. the fundamental reasons for this is that guns were offered to them. He pointed he had a different concept of how the war In spite of its defects, it was a revolu- there was no general, thoroughgoing slave out what few subsequent narrators of the would be fought, who would fight it, and tion against the slavocracy that had ruled insurrection, no division of the land. ☐ event have: namely that of the seventeen who would lead it. the whole country. It was a revolution Atlantans hold back‑to‑back anti‑racist protests

By Dianne Mathiowetz In order to gather the 400 people Outside, several hundred Atlanta reported on the front page of the Nov. people marched from nearby 9 Atlanta Journal Constitution, Black Centennial Olympic Park to the Donald Trump chose Atlanta to launch people were bused in from other states Georgia World Congress Center “Black Voices for Trump” on Friday, Nov. to the invitation-only event. Prominent to denounce Trump’s racist poli- 8. That 2020 election appeal was rebuffed members of the Grand Old Party, includ- cies and rhetoric and call for his by all but a few residents of this majority ing Georgia Gov. Brian Kemp, helped removal from office. Organizations Black city. increase the audience. that initiated the demonstration included the Georgia Alliance for Social Justice, the Georgia NAACP Marxism, Reparations & and Refuse Fascism. Opponents of white supremacy took to the streets again on Nov. 9 the Black Freedom Struggle when the United Daughters of the PHOTO: FLOWER Confederacy held their national Protesting the United Daughters of Edited by Monica Moorehead the Confederacy in Atlanta, Nov. 9. convention at the Atlanta Marriott An anthology of writings from Workers World newspaper. Northeast hotel. The UDC was founded in 1894 and the business complex where the hotel is Racism, National Oppression & Self-Determination • Black to this day has been a champion of the located, preventing demonstrators from Labor from Chattel Slavery to Wage Slavery • Black Youth: “Lost Cause” version of Civil War history, taking their anti-racist message to con- Repression & Resistance • The Struggle for Socialism Is Key • erecting some 450 monuments, build- vention attendees. Reporters were also Domestic Workers United Demand Passage of a Bill of Rights ings, plaques and other tributes to the denied access to the venue. • Black & Brown Unity: A Pillar of Struggle for Human Rights Confederacy across the country. As the Numerous drivers on busy Clairmont & Global Justice! • Harriet Tubman, Woman Warrior • Racism & movement to remove these vestiges of Road honked their horns in support of Poverty in the Delta • Haiti Needs Reparations, Not Sanctions racist propaganda grows, the UDC has the signs denouncing racism and white • Alabama’s Black Belt: Legacy of Slavery, Sharecropping & filed countless lawsuits to prevent uni- supremacy. Segregation • Are Conditions Ripe Again Today? Anniversary versities, cities, counties and states from The protest to expose the ongoing rac- of the 1965 Watts Rebellion altering their “public donation” in any ist activities of this organizational relic way. of the past was called by the Front Line Available as a free PDF download at www.workers.org/books Scores of Brookhaven and Chamblee Organizations Working to End Racism police barricaded the streets leading into (FLOWER) Coalition. ☐ Page 10 Nov. 14, 2019 workers.org

editorial Working-class youth want socialism!

According to a poll by YouGov in further to the left, and that continues to socialists” within their party, creating a In China today, hundreds of millions of September 2019, 70 percent of millenni- fight every racist, fascist attack by Trump. divide over whether they continue to be people have been lifted out of poverty and als—​people between 23 and 38—​would This is a generation that is pro-union, the unapologetic party of neoliberal impe- serious steps are being taken to address vote for a socialist. One-third view com- pro-im/migrant, pro-LGBTQ2+ and rialism or cede ground to those pushing the climate emergency. The people of munism favorably compared to capitalism. pro-gender equality, as well as anti-war a more progressive agenda. Old Guard Cuba live longer than people in the U.S. What this poll implies is that young people and anti-racist. Democratic Party leaders such as House Reality runs counter to all the capitalist in the U.S. increasingly believe in a socialist This is also a generation that is under- Speaker Nancy Pelosi continue to defend propaganda that “socialism is a good idea, future for humanity and the planet. employed, faces trillions in student debt market-oriented, capitalist perspectives. but it can’t work” or that the U.S. “saved Trust in the basic institutions and and can’t pay down their credit cards or While the Democrats flounder, social- the world” from communist “slavery” and the founding mythology of the United medical bills. Children of millennials, ist and communist parties in the U.S. are “dictatorship.” States is crumbling. Only 57 percent of those born today, face a lower life expec- growing as the entire world grapples with Pro-socialist governments in countries millennials favored the U.S. Declaration tancy than their parents. This crushing the demise of capitalism. like Venezuela and Bolivia, currently of Independence over the Communist statistic is an indictment of the crim- under siege by U.S.-backed, right-wing Manifesto as a document that would inal capitalist system that caused the Capitalists celebrate fall of Berlin forces, have made tremendous gains for “guarantee freedom.” That’s compared to decline—​an indictment of capitalism at Wall, but socialism advances the people and built grassroots move- 94 percent of people over 74 choosing the a dead end. When the Berlin Wall came down 30 ments after winning bourgeois elections. Declaration over the Manifesto. Despite the annihilation of living years ago, it ushered in a global counter- However, the primary question Communism’s popularity among mil- standards by capitalism, the impact of revolution and the collapse of the Soviet remains: Which class will control the lennials is growing quickly, with their anti-communist propaganda over the Union. Capitalist apologists proclaimed banks, major industries, the media and support increasing by 8 percent in the past century—​a response by capital to the end of history, declaring capitalism civil society—along​ with the state appa- last year. Meanwhile, 35 percent of mil- the victorious Bolshevik Revolution—​is to be the world’s permanent economic ratus? This question will be decisive for lennials view Marxism favorably. One in still a reality. For example, 61 percent of system. the survival of humanity and all life on five believe the world would be better off people polled deemed the word “commu- Yet after three decades of capitalism in the planet. if private property were abolished. When nist” to be an insult. Significantly, though, the former German Democratic Republic, Socialist revolution is, in fact, the only it comes to reforms, totally free college only 37 percent of all people found the Eastern Europe and the former USSR, real alternative to the capitalist system of has 45 percent support, and 50 percent word “socialist” insulting. polls show a majority in those countries exploitation and the growing danger of believe the government should guarantee A majority of those polled viewed prefer the life they had under social- fascism. everyone a job. Donald Trump as the greatest single ism. They have experienced the contrast Since our founding 60 years ago, What are the conditions and expe- threat to world peace. He continues the between a system which guaranteed jobs, Workers World Party has steadfastly riences that created all these “red classic anti-communist crusade, calling inexpensive housing, universal child care, defended the socialist camp and its millennials”? Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and other pro- free quality health care, versus the ills of endeavors to transform the world. We This is the generation that occupied gressive elected officials “Communists” capitalism: unemployment, homeless- look forward to many young millen- Wall Street, that led Black Lives Matter, and “anti-American.” ness, wage theft, low pay, illiteracy, right- nial communists joining our ranks and that goes on strike for climate justice, that Meanwhile, the Democratic Party lead- wing nationalism, lack of mental health fighting in the streets to build a workers’ votes for Bernie Sanders and candidates ership faces a challenge from “democratic support, to name a few. world! ☐

Haiti A rain of protest as poverty worsens

By G. Dunkel “rampant corruption” and “lawlessness and endless other Haiti is devastated. The poorest coun- indignities” that have “have try in the Western Hemisphere, one of the steadily worsened the lives of poorest in the world, is getting poorer. people.” While the Times does Some 3.67 million people—​35 per- fault the U.S. government for cent of all Haitians—​are food insecure. only calling for “dialogue” and They don’t have enough money to guar- not showing much concern, it antee enough food for their households. proposes “long-term interna- This flows from the fact that 60 percent tional assistance” to get Haiti of all Haitians live on less than $2 a “back on its feet.” day, according to the U.N. Development Haiti has a long experience Program. with international “assis- While some neighborhoods in Port-au- tance.” Former President Prince, especially Cité Soleil, have large Bill Clinton, who proclaimed concentrations of poor people, most his long-term “connection” of the poverty in Haiti is found in rural with Haiti, was basically in areas. Heart-wrenching reports describe charge of spending $13 bil- people with treatable cuts or contusions lion of international relief dying from their wounds because they aid raised after Haiti’s devas- don’t have the few dollars to pay for a doc- tation from the 2010 earth- tor. (haitiliberte.com/erasing-the-dead/) quake. He made certain that The Haitian government’s National almost all of this vast sum Coordination of Food Security office cal- never passed through Haitian Haitians march in Brooklyn, Nov. 6. PHOTO: HAÏTI LIBERTÉ culates the country’s inflation rate at 22.6 hands. It circulated through percent. It reports that drought, caused U.S. businesses and banks by global warming, has lowered crop pro- with a strong presence inside the Capitol duction in many parts of the country by as Beltway, as Jacob Kushner details in the El juicio político no es suficiente much as 12 percent. Oct. 11 Guardian. (tinyurl.com/ty9te5v/) For the past two months, hundreds of Kushner also details a $70 million Continúa de la página 12 deshacerse de las figuras elegidas que thousands of Haitians all over the country port project created by the U.S. Agency traicionaron sus promesas. Una vez que have marched, protested, built barricades for International Development to replace propio destino. la gente de la Comuna decidió que estos and road blocks, shut down schools, fac- the port facilities destroyed by the 2010 Entre los muchos pasos tomados por “representantes” no los representaban, tories and transportation, and kept up the earthquake. Haitians had no input into la Comuna para trasladar el poder polí- quedaron fuera. pressure even as the cops killed over 35 the design or location of this new port. tico a la clase trabajadora estaba la elec- La Comuna de París fue uno de los people and wounded over 200, according The project fell apart, and USAID was ción directa de quienes los representarían cuerpos políticos más democráticos que to Amnesty International. (tinyurl.com/ so embarrassed that it didn’t inform its en la Comuna, y la capacidad de retirar el mundo había visto hasta ahora. Ahora, sk5p2y5/) Haitian partners. inmediatamente del cargo a cualquiera 148 años después, en un país donde The Haitian people are not just protest- What Haiti needs is not aid—designed​ que no cumpliera con la voluntad del ambos partidos capitalistas afirman ing because they are hungry. They want more to benefit the countries grant- pueblo. defender la democracia, pero de hecho jobs, health care and housing to replace ing it than Haiti—​but reparations con- No hubo que esperar seis años (el man- sirven a los intereses de los plutócratas the hundreds of thousands of homes trolled by the Haitian people, used to dato de un senador de EE.UU.), Cuatro multimillonarios, necesitamos luchar por destroyed in the 2010 earthquake. remedy all the damages inflicted over años (el mandato de un presidente de nada menos que el gobierno de la mayo- The New York Times, in a long, detailed nearly four centuries by U.S. and French EE.UU.) o incluso dos años (el mandato ría: el poder de los trabajadores. ☐ Nov. 4 editorial, acknowledges the imperialism. ☐ de un representante de EE.UU.) para workers.org Nov. 14, 2019 Page 11 ’U.S. does not have the moral authority to criticize Cuba’

The government of President Donald Article 3: Right to life [of the of illegal immigrants who were raised Trump has initiated an escalation in its 1948 U.N. Universal Declaration of and educated in the United States are aggression against Cuba, with the adop- Human Rights] abhorrent. tion of unconventional measures to pre- The deaths of civilians caused by U.S. Article 11: Due process vent the supply of fuel to our country from troops in various latitudes, and the use This [U.S.] government holds prison- various markets, through sanctions and of torture merit condemnation; as well ers indefinitely, in legal limbo, without threats to vessels, shippers, and insur- as the murder of African Americans by defense, courts, or due process, in the ance companies. Its objective, in addition police and migrants by border patrols; Guantanamo naval base prison, on our to affecting the economy, is to damage the the deaths of unaccompanied minors in territory usurped by the United States. living standard of Cuban families. immigration detention, and the abusive Article 25: Right to personal In April of this year, the filing of law- and racially disproportionate use of the well-being. suits in U.S. courts against Cuban, U.S. death penalty, applicable to minors and In the richest country, 40 million U.S. and third-country entities was authorized the mentally handicapped. residents live in poverty, 18.5 million of Bruno Rodríguez Parrilla speaks at U.N. on under Title III of the Helms-Burton Act. Article 9: No one shall be sub- them in extreme poverty. 25.7 percent of Nov. 7. Remittances to Cuban citizens were jected to arbitrary arrest those with disabilities lived in poverty at restricted; the granting of visas was In the United States, there are 2.3 mil- the end of last year. More than half a mil- The following was edited from a state- reduced and consular services limited; an lion individuals incarcerated, a quarter of lion of its citizens sleep on the streets. ment made by the Minister of Foreign agreement between baseball federations the planet’s prison population, and in one Article 26: Right to education. Affairs of Cuba, Bruno Rodríguez was canceled; individual trips by U.S. year 10.5 million arrests are made. Quality education is not accessible to Parrilla, during a presentation of the citizens were canceled, along with cruise Article 25: Right to health the majority. Half of adults cannot read U.N. resolution, “The necessity of ending ship stops and direct flights to Cuban air- There are 28.5 million citizens without a book written at an eighth grade level. the economic, commercial and finan- ports, except for Havana; the leasing of medical insurance, and millions with low Adolescents and youth rightly protest cial blockade imposed by the United airplanes with more than 10 percent U.S. incomes will be deprived of coverage with against their government for stripping States of America against Cuba,” in New components and the acquisition of tech- the measures announced. them of environmental rights. York City, Nov. 7, 2019, Year 61 of the nologies and equipment with the same Article 1: Right to dignity and Article 2: Non-discrimination Revolution. Go to the Granma English was prohibited; commercial promotional freedom Women earn approximately 85 per- website at tinyurl.com/txl8ce2/ to read activities and cultural and educational Repression and police surveillance of cent of average male income in the United the entire speech. exchanges ceased. immigrants, the separation of families, States, and must work 39 more days a The U.N. vote on the resolution to The United States government does the separation of parents and indefinite year to match them. There are wide- end the blockade was 187 “yes” votes to not have the least moral authority to crit- detention of more than 2,500 children, spread complaints of sexual harassment. 3 “no” votes cast by the U.S., Israel and icize Cuba or anyone else in the area of​​ and the deportation of 21,000, and bru- The average wealth of white families Brazil. human rights: tal measures that threaten the children is seven times greater than that of Afro- descendant families. [In those families] the death rate of children under one year of age and mothers in childbirth is twice Italian army recruiting drive that of whites. There is a disproportionate racial pat- tern in the U.S. prison population and in the length of prison sentences. ‘See Naples and die’ Article 13: Freedom to travel The illegal Helms-Burton Act guides the aggressive conduct of the United By Manlio Dinucci station RAI on Nov. 4, States against Cuba. Its essence is the Italy spends about 25 open pretense of violating the right to Published in the Italian web news­ billion euros per year self-determination and independence of paper, Il Manifesto, Nov. 5. Translation of public tax funds. the Cuban nation. It asserts U.S. legal by John Catalinotto. [1 euro = $1.11 as of authority over the commercial and finan- Nov. 6] cial relations of any country with Cuba, Naples, and not Rome, was the focus In 2018, Italian and establishes the supposed primacy of of Armed Forces Day on Nov. 4 [in Italy]. military spending rose the law and the jurisdiction of the United Five battalions of troops paraded along from 13th to 11th place States over third countries. the Caracciolo seafront. But the highlight in the world, but the The blockade is a serious violation of was the interforce exhibition area, which U.S. and NATO are international law, the United Nations for five days drew mainly young people pressing for a further Charter, and the postulates of the and children to Piazza del Plebiscito, increase, especially as Proclamation of Latin America and the the largest square of the city, near the a result of their esca- Caribbean as a Zone of Peace. waterfront. lation against Russia. They could board a fighter [plane], fly a Last June, the first It is the effectiveness of the Cuban helicopter with a flight simulator, admire government of Prime ‘No to NATO’ protest in Naples, Oct. 26, 2015. socialist system, the state and the patrio- a Predator drone, enter a tank, train with Minister Giuseppe tism, revolutionary convictions, solidar- military instructors, and then go to the Conte “unblocked” 7.2 billion euros to Naples), with headquarters at Lago Patria ity, consensus and unity of our people port to visit an amphibious assault ship add to military spending. Last October, in (Naples). that, despite the limitations, has allowed and two missile frigates. the prime minister’s meeting with NATO Every two years, JFC Naples takes Cuba to overcome the serious challenges It was a huge “War Festival” set up for Secretary General [Jens Stoltenberg], command of the NATO Response Force, imposed. a specific purpose: recruitment. Seventy the second Conte government pledged to a joint force for military operations in The United States government pre- percent of young people who want to increase military spending by about 7 bil- the “area of responsibility” of the Allied sumes to exercise imperialist domination enlist in Italy’s military live in the South, lion euros starting in 2020. (La Stampa, Supreme Commander in Europe, who is in our America, again invokes the outdated, especially in Campania and Sicily, where Oct. 11) always a U.S. general. aggressive Monroe Doctrine and “gunship youth unemployment is 53.6 percent, Thus, [spending] is going to go from Since 2017, the hub of strategic direc- diplomacy,” deploying the Fourth Fleet compared to the European Union aver- a military expenditure of about 70 mil- tion has been operating in the Lago Patria and increasing the presence and power of age of 15.2 percent. For these youth, the lion euros a day to one of about 87 mil- headquarters. NATO for the South is a its military bases in the region. only source of “secure” employment is lion euros a day. These are public funds center of intelligence—​that is, of espio- The United States representative the army. However, after the screening taken away from fundamental productive nage—concentrated​ on the Middle East offends this Assembly with unacceptable [process], the number of recruits has investments, especially in regions such and Africa. interventionist language to refer to the been less than needed. as Campania [where Naples is located] The U.S. Sixth Fleet, based in Gaeta heroic Venezuelan people, their civic-mil- The Armed Forces need more person- to reduce unemployment, starting with [about 60 miles north of Naples on the itary union, and the Bolivarian Chavista nel, as they are engaged in 35 missions the youth. coast], is subordinate to the command in government, headed by President Nicolás in 22 countries from Eastern Europe Naples. And, as U.S. Vice-Admiral Lisa Maduro Moros, to whom we express and the Balkans to Africa, the Middle Naples: U.S./NATO military hub Franchetti informs the public, it operates unwavering solidarity. East and [other regions in] Asia. These The “investments” made in Naples “from the North Pole to the South Pole.” As Army General Raúl Castro pointed are the “peace missions” carried out are quite different. The city has acquired This is the role of Naples in NATO’s out on April 10, before the National where NATO, under U.S. command, has a growing role as the seat of some of framework, as defined by Italian Assembly of People’s Power, “Despite its unleashed—​with Italy’s active partici- the most important U.S./NATO mili- President Sergio Mattarella, in his Nov. immense power, imperialism does not pation—​the wars that have demolished tary commands. The Command of the 4 message: “[It is] an alliance to which we have the capacity to break the dignity of entire states and destabilized entire U.S. Naval Forces in Europe is based in have freely chosen to contribute for the a united people, proud of its history and regions. Naples-Capodichino, operating under the protection of peace in the international the freedom conquered with so much To maintain adequate forces and arma- orders of U.S. Admiral [James Foggo III], context, to the protection of the weak- sacrifice.” ☐ ments, such as the Italian F-35 deployed who also commands U.S. Naval Forces est and most oppressed and of human by NATO in Iceland, as shown on the TV for Africa and the Joint Allied Force (JFC rights.” ☐ Correspondencia sobre artículos en Workers World/Mundo Obrero pueden ser enviadas a: [email protected]

¡Proletarios y oprimidos de todos los paises unios! workers.org Vol. 61 Núm. 46 14 de noviembre 2019 $1 Bolivia, 11 de noviembre. En Bolivia solo existe el poder de las armas

Por Marco Teruggi la noche incierta. El quedó expresada en la complicidad de La Paz, Bolivia canciller de México, la Organización de Estados Americanos Marcelo Ebrard, (OEA) que no calificó a lo sucedido como Publicado el 12 de noviembre por anunció que el ex- golpe de Estado, y en las mismas decla- pagina12.com.ar. presidente estaba en raciones de Estados Unidos que pre- un avión que lo lleva- sentó el derrocamiento como regreso a la El centro de La Paz se ha transformado ría a ese país. democracia. en un escenario de barricadas, colas para Su seguridad per- La conjunción de fuerzas que logró el comprar en los pocos negocios que abren, sonal es objeto de golpe parece tener un objetivo claro: des- transporte detenido, vecinos apostados mucha preocupa- cabezar al proceso de cambio, desde sus en las esquinas atravesadas por alambres ción en un contexto funcionarios hasta los dirigentes políti- de púas y chapas de zinc. Cerca de la Plaza donde su casa fue cos. Eso se ha traducido en las persecu- Murillo, centro del poder político, pasan asaltada por grupos siones, como dan cuenta las solicitudes grupos con cascos, escudos, máscaras violentos y donde no de asilo en embajadas, centralmente en antigás, banderas de Bolivia, contingen- existe ninguna auto- Buenos Aires, 8 de noviembre. la de México. tes de policías apostándose y pidiendo ridad pública dentro Existe entonces una inestabilidad den- refuerzo a la Fuerza Armada Nacional de quienes realizaron tro de quienes condujeron la ofensiva, a (FAB). el golpe. El estado de derecho ha sido roto Sin embargo, debería asumir con la vez que una reacción que se pone en Es lunes a la noche y corre un miedo: y eso ha abierto las puertas a la impuni- acuerdo del poder legislativo, donde marcha, no solamente en El Alto –con que baje la ciudad de El Alto. Las escenas dad absoluta de quien logre ejercer poder. en ambas cámaras tiene mayoría el un nivel fuerte de radicalidad– sino en vistas durante la tarde volvieron a recor- Durante el día, Morales envió mensajes Movimiento al Socialismo, es decir el varias partes del país. dar a muchos del centro y la zona sur de desde su cuenta de Twitter para denun- partido que fue desplazado por la fuerza. Así, por ejemplo, la Confederación La Paz que la mitad del país que votó a ciar la represión en El Alto que se cobró No existe entonces gobierno interino Sindical Única de Trabajadores Evo Morales existe y no se quedará de varias vidas, entre ellas la de una niña, y golpista visible luego de más de 24 horas Campesinos de Bolivia (CSUTCB) anun- brazos cruzados. para pedir no caer en enfrentamientos de consumado el golpe de Estado. Existen ció bloqueos en toda Bolivia en las carre- Lo que se pensaba que pasaría en El “entre hermanos”. Por la noche, antes de en cambio poderes que se despliegan en teras troncales, “resistencia general al Alto sucedió, y fueron miles de vecinos, subirse al avión, tuiteó: “Hermanas y her- acciones represivas y persecutorias, con golpe de Estado en todo el país”, así como en su gran mayoría de la nación aymara, manos, parto rumbo a México, agrade- los anuncios en redes sociales de Fernando la expulsión de dirigentes que se hicieron que salieron a las calles a hacer frente al cido por el desprendimiento del gobierno Camacho, cara visible del ala civil del golpe, parte del derrocamiento. golpe de Estado, a defender el proceso de de ese pueblo hermano que nos brindó las acciones de la PNB y de la FAB. La situación es más inestable que la cambio, y algo muy profundo: la bandera asilo para cuidar nuestra vida. Me duele Esta última emitió un comunicado promesa vendida por Camacho y quie- wiphala [de indígenas], que durante las abandonar el país por razones políticas, el lunes en la noche bajo la lectura del nes festejaron en la tarde y noche del horas de la ofensiva golpista fue quitada pero siempre estaré pendiente. Pronto comandante general Williams Kaliman: domingo. Existe un país que negaron, de instituciones y quemada en la calle por volveré con más fuerza y energía”. La pro- la FAB desplegará acciones de despliegue despreciaron, a pesar de sus esfuerzos manifestantes de derecha. puesta de asilo en México será una salida en las calles para acompañar a la PNB. No por mostrarse democráticos e inclusivos, Lo que sucedió no formaba parte del posible para el presidente derrocado y existe entonces gobierno formal, pero sí y ese país comenzó a moverse, a impug- plan de quienes encabezan el golpe de bajo peligro. el poder de las armas. nar, a enfrentar la restauración conserva- Estado que, a estas horas, presenta más El escenario no es como el que tenían dora que busca una revancha. elementos de confusión y violencia que Sin gobierno previsto quienes encabezaron el golpe Por el momento no existe, de manera de proyecto planificado. Un elemento En Bolivia, el bloque golpista no logró de Estado. La pregunta es en realidad: visible, una dirección de los procesos de resulta claro: el objetivo central era aún conformar gobierno. Luego de la ¿tenían un escenario organizado que no resistencia. Lo que resulta claro es que derrocar a Evo Morales y perseguirlo, renuncia de Evo Morales, el vicepresi- fuera solamente derrocar y perseguir a la decisión de quienes conducen el golpe como denunció al hacer público que un dente Alvaro García Linera y la presi- Morales y los dirigentes del proceso de será responder con represión en todas las oficial de la Policía Nacional Boliviana denta del Senado renunciaron tambien. cambio? escalas posibles. Ya en la noche del lunes (PNB) tiene una orden de arresto ilegal La segunda vicepresidenta del Senado, El bloque golpista es heterogéneo, se veían las tanquetas en las calles de La contra su persona, se encuentra en un [un líder de la oposición] Jeanine Áñez, contiene sectores civiles, empresaria- Paz y los vecinos que celebraron el derro- sitio desconocido. la tercera al frente, debería asumir la les, policiales, militares, religiosos e camiento y quema de wiphalas ahora La situación de Morales era ayer por Presidencia de Bolivia. internacionales. Esta última dimensión aplauden la militarización. ☐ El juicio político no es suficiente La acusación de funcionarios públicos bebés, han sido separados de sus padres. Incluso si Trump fuera expulsado antes en los EE.UU. ha ocurrido raramente. Trump ha socavado los programas de las elecciones de 2020, lo cual no es En general, ha tenido éxito solo en casos sociales destinados a aliviar la pobreza. muy probable, los políticos de derecha y como deshacerse de los jueces que esta- Ha ignorado, e incluso ridiculizado, la la clase multimillonaria que representa editorial ban visiblemente borrachos mientras contaminación ambiental, al tiempo que seguirían dirigiendo el programa. Hay tantas razones para sacar a Donald presidían los juicios. se ha puesto del lado de las compañías En otros países, en tiempos más revo- Trump de la Casa Blanca que no sor- Si bien cualquiera que sea medio pro- multimillonarias de energía responsables lucionarios, la gente ha ideado procedi- prende en absoluto que haya comen- gresista se alegraría de sacar a Trump del de la crisis climática. mientos para expulsar de inmediato a zado un movimiento en la Cámara de cargo de una forma u otra, es importante ¿Pero es por eso que Trump enfrenta los funcionarios que los traicionaron. Un Representantes para acusarlo. En este tomar nota de cómo y por qué podría ser un posible juicio político? ¿O es porque buen ejemplo es la Comuna de París, que punto, es un esfuerzo totalmente parti- derrocado. ¿Se debe a todos sus movi- los verdaderos gobernantes de este país decretó que los representantes elegidos dista, con casi todos los demócratas por mientos súper reaccionarios que han y el gobierno lo han considerado inefi- estaban sujetos a revocación en cualquier el juicio político y casi todos los republi- hecho un daño terrible a millones de per- caz para proteger sus intereses, hasta momento. canos en contra. sonas en este país, especialmente a los el punto de la bufonada? El tema por el En 1871, se libraba una guerra entre El gobierno ha herido profundamente más oprimidos? que han elegido atacarlo es su intento de Francia y Prusia (Alemania). Mientras a tantas personas que se animan ante la Trump ha dado luz verde al racismo y obtener ayuda de los políticos en Ucrania París estaba bajo el asedio de las tropas posibilidad de que Trump pueda verse los ataques contra los inmigrantes, enva- para desacreditar a un posible rival polí- prusianas, y el ejército francés estaba obligado a dejar el cargo, incluso antes lentonando a los elementos de extrema tico, Joe Biden. Seguramente, ese es el preocupado y rebelde, el pueblo de de las próximas elecciones presidencia- derecha más violentos. Esto ha llevado a menor de los crímenes de Donald Trump. París se levantó y estableció su propio les. La mayoría de ellos quiere ver preva- las condiciones más dolorosas e incluso ¿Es solo la personalidad errática y gobierno, un gobierno republicano del lecer al Partido Demócrata. letales en la frontera de Estados Unidos grandiosa de Trump lo que estaría en pueblo que se conoció como la Comuna Por supuesto, el juicio político dejaría a con México y en las casas infernales para juicio? Eso dejaría a Pence, que lo dis- de París. Por un breve tiempo, los traba- Mike Pence, no a los demócratas, a cargo migrantes llamadas “centros de deten- creta mientras persigue su propia agenda jadores de París se hicieron cargo de su ción”, en donde los niños, incluso los derechista, sentado en el asiento del gato. del gobierno. Continúa en la página 10