U.S. Army Military History Institute Air-Ground 950 Soldiers Drive Carlisle Barracks, PA 17013-5021 25 Mar 2011

AIR-GROUND OPERATIONS/CLOSE AIR SUPPORT-WORLD WAR II

A Working Bibliography of MHI Sources

CONTENTS General Sources.....p.1 Mediterranean Theater -North Africa.....p.2 -Sicily/Italy.....p.3 European Theater -General Sources.....p.3 -Specific Operations/Units...... p.4 Pacific Theater -General Sources...... p.6 -Guadalcanal.....p.6 -Southwest Pacific.....p.7 -Central...... p.7 -CBI.....p.8 Foreign -British...... p.8 -German...... p.8 -Russian.....p.9

GENERAL SOURCES

DeGovanni, George. "Air Force Support of Army Ground Operations: Lessons Learned During World War II, Korea, and Vietnam." AWC student paper, 1989. 44 p. Arch.

Edwards, Thomas I. "A Proposed Analysis of World War II Airground Operations." USAF Directorate of Training & Requirements, 17 Feb 1945. U260.E38.

Hallion, Richard P. Strike from the Sky: The History of Battlefield Air Attack, 1911-1945. Wash, DC: Smithsonian, 1989. 323 p. UH200.6.H34. See Chaps 11-15.

Kennett, Lee. "The US Army Air Forces and Tactical Air War in the Second World War." In Conduct of the Air War.... NY: Oxford, 1992. pp. 458-66. D785.I58. Air-Ground/Close Air Support, World War II p.2

Organization and Training of A Tactical Air Force n.p., 111 p. D792.E85.O73.

Steadman, Kenneth A. A Comparative Look at Air-Ground Support Doctrine and Practice in World War II. Ft Leavenworth, KS: CSI Report No. 2, 1982. 38 p. D785.S74.

U.S. Army. Ground Liaison Officer School. Joint Air-Ground Action. 2 pts.. Text, Ft Sill, OK (?), 1945. U260.J65.

U.S. Air Force. Tactical Air Command. History of United States Air Force Close Air Support Command and Control. Study, May 1973. 105 p. UG703.H57. See Sec II.

U.S. Army. Weapons Systems Evaluation Group. “A Historical Study of Some WWII Airborne Operations.” Staff Study, Feb 1951. 170 p. D769.345.H97.

U.S. Army Field Forces. Army Air Spt Ctr. "Tactical Air Support." Compiled presentations, Ft Bragg, 1951. ca 300 p. U260.T32. See Tab A, pp. 1-5.

U.S. Navy. Atlantic Fleet. Amphib Force. "Report of Board Convened in Amphibious Force, United States Atlantic Fleet to Devise a (Tentative) Doctrine for Air Support Control in Landing Operations." n.p., 15 Mar 1943. 33 p. U260.U5.A39.

U.S. War Dept. Command and Employment of Air Power: Field Manual 100-20, dated Jul 1943. 14 p. MilPub-FM.

Wolfert, Michael L. "From ACTS to COBRA: Evolution of Close Air Support Doctrine in World War Two." USAF Air Command & Staff College student report, 1988. 202 p. D790.W57.

MEDITERRANEAN THEATER-North Africa

Davis, Richard G. Tempering the Blade: General Carl Spaatz and American Tactical Air Power in North Africa, November 8, 1942- May 14, 1943. Wash, DC: Office of Air Force History, 1989. 139 p. D790.D347.

Dexter, H.V. "Operation of Air Support for Ground Troops." Presentation, AAF School of Applied Tactics, 1943. 17 p. D790.D492. His experiences in Tunisia as Corps G-3.

Mortensen, Daniel R. A Pattern for Joint Operations: World War II Close Air Support, North Africa. Wash, DC: Office, Air Force History & CMH, 1987. 94 p. D790.M68. Air-Ground/Close Air Support, World War II p.3

Syrett, David. "The Tunisian Campaign, 1942-43." In Case Studies in The Development of Close Air Support. [Edited by B.F. Cooling] Wash, DC: Office, Air Force History, 1990. pp. 153-92. UH200.6.C38.

U.S. Army Air Forces. "Direct Air Support in the Libyan Desert." Photostat typescript, 1942? 41 p. D766.93.D57.

_____. 9th Air Force. "Direct Air Support in the Libyan Desert." Suppl. rpt, 1942. 41 p. D766.93.D57. Covers 19 Oct-8 Nov 42.

_____. VIII Air Support Command. "Air Operations in Support of Ground Forces in North West Africa (15 March-5 April 1943)." Observer's Report, n.d. ca 80 p. D792.A355.A37.

MEDITERRANEAN THEATER-Sicily/Italy

U.S. Army Air Forces. Evaluation Board, Mediterranean Theater. The Adequacy of the Tactical Air Communications System. Vol III. of Major Report, 20 Sep 1944. ca 50 p., foldouts. D790.U57.

Walters, James W., Jr. "Artillery and Air Support of Ground Attack: Cassino-1944." Military Review (Jan 1947): pp. 52-58. Per.

Wilt, Alan F. "Allied Cooperation in Sicily and Italy, 1943-45." In Case Studies in the Development of Close Air Support, cited above. pp. 193-236. UH200.6.C38.

EUROPEAN THEATER-General Sources

Allied Forces. Air CinC. Organization and Training of a Tactical Air Force. Memo, 14Jan 1944. 111 p. D792.E85.O73.

_____. 21st Army GrOUp. Some Notes on the Use of Air Power in Support of Land Operations and Direct Air Support. Pamphlet, Holland, Dec 1944. 30 p. UH200.6.A6.

Beard, H.L. “Target Team Report on Close-in Air Cooperation with the Ground Forces at Le Havre, France: Survey of Bomb Damage to Fortification.” Typescript, 1945? 43 p. D786.T37.

Edwards, Sheffield. Papers. 3 bxs. Arch. Covers his service in G-3 Air; 12th Army Group HQ; includes reports & manuscripts. Air-Ground/Close Air Support, World War II p.4

Hughes, Thomas A. “The Other Air War: Elwood Pete Quesada and American Tactical Airpower in WWII Europe.” PhD dss, U Houston, 1994. 525 p. UG626.2.Q83.H83.

Jacobs, Will A. "The Battle for France, 1944." Case Studies in the Development of Close Air Support, cited above. pp. 237-94. UH200.6.C38.

U.S. Army Air Forces. AAF Evaluation Board, ETO. Tactics and Techniques Developed by US Tactical Air Commands in the European Theater. Report, Mar 1945. 78 p. D769.345.T32.

_____. Tactical Air Operations in Europe. Report, 19 May 1945. 68 p., charts. D790.U54.

U.S. Army Ground Forces. Observer Board. "Report of Col. E. L. Johnson on Air-Ground Cooperation," 15 May 1944. 18 p. D769.1.J63. Based on observers visits to ETO/ MTO, British & American.

U.S. Forces, European Theater. Battle Studies, World War II, European Theater. Vol II: Air Operations. Mimeo, 1945. ca 200, maps. D756.B27.

_____. General Board. The Control of Tactical Aircraft in the European Theater of Operations. Study No 55, Bad Nauheim, Germany: 1945-46. 14 p. D769.A5no55.

_____. Air Power in the European Theater of Operations. Study No 56, Bad Nauheim, Germany: 1945-46. 25 p. D769.A5no56.

_____. The Tactical Air Force in the European Theater of Operations. Study No 54, Bad Nauheim, Germany: 1945-46. 16 p. D769.A5no54.

Williams, Douglas E. "Tactical Employment of Land Based Aircraft in Cooperation with Ground Forces in the European and Mediterranean Theaters." Lecture, US Army & Navy Staff College, 26 Oct 1944. 26 p. D790.W54.

EUROPEAN THEATER-Specific Operations/Units

Davis, Luther. "Invasion of France: Air Action over the Invasion Forces." Air Force 27 (Aug 1944): pp. 8-13. Per. 9th AF missions.

Fraser, L.V. "Typhoons in France." Cavalry Journal (Sep/Oct 1944): pp. 9-10. Per. First large-scale use of aircraft rockets.

Heinrichs, W.H. "A History of the VII U.S.A.A.F. Fighter Command." 2 vols. Photocopy of typescript, n.d. UH10.21.8thFI.H45. Air-Ground/Close Air Support, World War II p.5

Murphy, Mark. "Patton's Air Cavalry." Air Force (Nov 1944): pp. 54-57. Per. 19th TAC covers Third Army's flanks across France.

Pearlman, Michael D. "Close Air Support in WWII: The Roots of the Tragedy in Operation Cobra." In Combined Arms.... Ft Leavenworth: CGSC, 1992. pp. 147-54. U260.C66.

Sullivan, John J. "The Botched Air Support of Operation Cobra." Parameters (Mar 1988): pp. 97-110. Per. Critical of tactical carpet bombing.

Supreme HQ, Allied Exped Force. Use of Heavy Bombers in a Tactical Role. Theater Lesson booklet, 1945. 15 p. Based on experiences in Normandy. UH250.U83.

U.S. Army. First Army. Combat Operations Data, First Army, Europe 1944-45. Governors Island, NY: 18 Nov 1946. pp. 10-15. #03-1.1946/3.

_____. Ninth Air Force Condensed Analysis of the Ninth Air Force in the European Theater of Operations. Wash, DC, Mar 1946. 148 p. D790.15.9thA3.

_____. "Invasion Activities, April thru June 1944." n.p., 1945. 72 p. On microfilm, F-31no6.

_____. History Office. "Ninth Air Force April to November 1944: AAF Hist Study No 36, Oct 1945." 376 p. D790.22.9thU65.

_____. XII Tactical Air Command. "Tactical Operations: A Report on Phase 3 Operations for Army Air Forces Evaluation Board, European Theater of Operations." n.p., 18 Apr 1945. 149 p. D790.T32.

_____. XIX Tactical Air Command. "Operation Madison: Air Plan in Support of Third U.S. Army." Directive, 3 Nov 1944. 14 p. D756.5.M47.O63.

_____. XIX Tactical Air Command. Statistical Summary of XIX Tactical Air Command...A Graphic Presentation. Report, n.d. 23 charts. D790.15.19.TAC.A3.

U.S. Army Air Forces. Office of the Asst Chief of Air Staff, Intelligence. Air-Ground Teamwork on the Western Front: The Role of the XIX Tactical Air Command During August 1944. 50 p. D790.A33no5

_____. Evaluation Board. "Tactical and Techniques Developed by VIII Fighter Command." Typescript photostat, 27 Oct 1944. 38 p., photos. D790.15.8thFC.A32.

_____. XIX Tactical Air Command. Command Reports, Sep 1944-May 1945. Annex 3 of Third Army Report. 63 p. D790.U542.

Wilt, Alan F. "Coming of Age: XIX Tac's Role During the 1944 Dash Across France." Air University Review (Mar/Apr 1985): pp. 71-87. Per. Air-Ground/Close Air Support, World War II p.6

PACIFIC THEATER-General Sources

Dater, Henry M. "Tactical Use of Air Power in World War II: The Navy Experience." Military Affairs (Winter 1950): pp. 192-200. Per.

Edmonds, Walter. They Fought With What They Had. Boston: Little, Brown, 1951. 532 p. D790,E3.

Eichelberger, Robert L. "Remarks on the War in the Pacific and the Korean War."[at Ft. Leavenworth, 9 Apr 1951] Lectures, Box 1950-51/2.Arch.

U.S. Air Force. Historical Division. Army Air Forces in World War II. [Edited by Wesley F. Craven & James L. Cate. Vols. 4 & 5. Chicago: U Chicago, 1950. D790.A47.

_____. USAF Tactical Operations, World War II and Korean War, with Statistical Tables. n.p., 1962. 178 p. D790.A47. See Sec III.

PACIFIC THEATER-Guadalcanal

"Campaign By Air." Flying (Oct 1944): pp. 46-47, 310, 312 & 314. Per.

DeChant, John. "Devil Birds-Spearhead in the Solomons." Marine Corps Gazette (Apr 1947): pp. 32-39 & (Mar 1947): pp. 18-25. Per.

_____. "Incident of the Blue Goose." Marine Corps Gazette 28 (Nov 1944): pp. 25-29. Per.

Howard, Clive, & Whitley, Joe. One Damned Island After Another. Chapel Hill, NC: U NC, 1946. 403 p. D790.H7. See Chap XI.

Miller, Thomas G., Jr. The Cactus Air Force. NY: Harper & Row, 1969. 235 p. D767.982.G8.M54. Marine, Navy & Army pilots.

Sherrod, Robert. History of Marine Corps Aviation in World War II. Wash, DC: Combat Forces, 1952. 496 p. D790.S495. See Chaps 5-8.

U.S. Air Force. Historical Division. The Army Air Forces in World War II, cited above. Vol. IV. 825 p. D790.A47. See index. Air-Ground/Close Air Support, World War II p.7

U.S. Army Air Force. Pacific Counterblow: The 11th Bombardment Group and the 67th Fighter Squadron in the Battle for Guadalcanal. Wash, DC: AAF HQ, n.d. D790.A33.

PACIFIC THEATER-Southwest Pacific Area

Allied Forces. SWPA. "Air Cooperation with Naval Surface Forces." SOP Instr 15, 11 Apr 1944. 7 p. D785.S87.

Dexter, Henry P. "Report on Air Support in Southwest Pacific Area During the Period 1 Nov 1943- Feb 1944." Photostat typescript, HQ, Army Ground Forces, 10 Apr 1944. ca 55 p., photos. D767.D49.

_____. "Air Support in Southwest Pacific Area - 1 Nov 43 to 1 Feb 44." Army Ground Forces Observer Report, Apr 1944. ca 75 p., foldouts. D767.D549.

Smith, Frederick H. "The Papuan Campaign." Air Force (Sep 1943): pp. 34-37. Per. First "fully integrated" land-air offensive.

Taylor, Joe G. "American Experience in the Southwest Pacific." Case Studies in the Development of Close Air Support, cited above. pp. 295-344. UH200.6.C38.

U.S. Army Air Forces. V Fighter Command. Twelve to One: Fighter Combat Tactics in the SWPA. n.p., 1 Aug 1945. 95 p. D790.T83.

PACIFIC THEATER-Central Pacific

Buchinal, David. Oral history transcripts. Arch. AAF officer in Mariannas.

U.S. Army Air Forces. Evaluation Board, Pacific Ocean Area. "Evaluation Board Reports Number 2, 4, 6, and 8." Typescript, mimeo & photostat, n.d. WWII Docs - Pacific.Report No 2, 15 Aug-15 Oct 1944; No 4, 15 Oct-15 Dec 1944; No 6, thru 15 Feb 1945; & No 8, tact air vs the Japanese caves on Peleliu and Iwo Jima. Air-Ground/Close Air Support, World War II p.8

PACIFIC THEATER-China-Burma-India

U.S. Joint Intell Collection Agency. India - Burma Theater. "Burma - Joint Air/ Ground Operations in Capture of Meiktila." Special rpt, 28 Mar 1945. 15 p., foldout map. D767.6.B88. British operation, late Feb 45.

See also: -Bibliographies in WWII-Pacific TheaterI

FOREIGN EXPERIENCES-British

Allied Forces. 21st Army Group. Some Notes on the Use of Air Power in Support of Land Operations and Direct Air Support. Holland, 1944. 30 p. UH200.6A6.

Carrington, C.E. "Army/Air Co-operation, 1939-43." Journal of the Royal United Service Institute (RUSI) (Dec 1970): pp. 37-41. Per.

FOREIGN EXPERIENCES-German

Murray, Williamson. German Military Effectiveness. Baltimore: N&A, 1992. 250 p. UA710.M848. Emphasizes aerial operations, WWII. See esp Chap 6, "Luftwaffe and Close Air Support."

_____. "The Luftwaffe Experience, 1939-41." In Case Studies in the Development of Close Air Support, cited above. pp. 71-114. UH200.6.C38.

Ratley, Lonnie O., III. "A Comparison of the USAF Projected A-10 Employment in Europe and the Luftwaffe Schlachtgeschwader Experience on the Eastern Front in World War Two." MA thesis, Naval Postgraduate School, 1977. 210 p. UH200.6.R37.

_____. “Air Power at Kursk: The Confrontation of Aircraft and Tanks--A Lesson for Today?" Journal of the Royal United Service Institute (RUSI) (Jun 1977): pp. 25-29. Per. Air-Ground/Close Air Support, World War II p.9

Schuetzek, Eduard. "Air Signal Troops with Second Air Fleet: Italy (Jun-Nov 1943)." Foreign Military Study, USAREUR, 1947. 42 p. D739.F6713noD-167. Includes air-ground "battle control team."

Schultz, Karl H. "Tactical Air-Ground Cooperation." Foreign Military Study #B-791a, USAREUR, 1947. 35 p. D739.F6713noB-791a. See also B-791b, 5 p.

Steadman, Kenneth A. "A Comparative Look at Air-Ground Support Doctrine and Practice in World War II." Combat Studies Inst Rpt No 2, C&GSC, Sep 1982. 38 p. D785.S74. Summary of Allied & Axis doctrine & systems.

U.S. War Dept. Military Intelligence Division. Captured German Regulations on Recognition and Communication Between Ground and Air. Special Bulletin 14, Sep 1940. 10 p. U15.U64no14.

See also: -Published guide/index to Foreign Military Studies, p. 125.

FOREIGN EXPERIENCES-Russian

Greiffenberg, Hans von. "Tactics Employed by Russian Planes in Low-Flying Attacks on Ground Targets." Foreign Military Study, USAREUR, Sep 1948. 5 p. D739.F6713noC-021.

Groeben, Peter von der, & Kless, Fritz. "Tactics of Russian Ground Support Aircraft." Foreign Military Study #C-021, USAREUR, 1948. 5 p. D739.F6713noC-021. German generals on Russian methods.

Ratley, cited above. UH200.6.R37.

Russia. Army. "Instructions for Air Force and Ground Troops on Combined Operations. (1944)." Translated from the Russian. Wash, DC, ACofS, G-2, n.d. U260.I5713.

Whiting, Kenneth R. "Soviet Air-Ground Coordination, 1941-45." Case Studies in the Development of Close Air Support. Wash, DC: Office, Air Force History, 1990. pp. 115-53. UH200.6.C38.