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Ringe Der Macht Rings of Power Internationale Tagung Vom O9. Bis VORGESCHICHTE HALLE LANDESMUSEUMS FÜR DES TAGUNGEN Rings of Power Macht der Ringe Seit der Mensch in Urzeiten Gefallen daran fand, sich zu schmücken, gehörte immer auch der an Finger, Arm oder Hals getragene Ring dazu. Mit seiner Form – Unendlichkeit und Bindung verdeutlichend – avancierte er schon bald zum perfekten Machtsymbol. Wie kaum einem anderen Signum sprach Ringe der Macht man ihm mitunter sogar zu, selbst Macht und Kraft zu besitzen. In einer Rings of Power breit gefächerten Zusammenschau verfolgen diese Bände die Entwicklung und Varianten der Ringsymbolik in Europa. Internationale Tagung vom o9. bis 1o. November 2o18 in Halle (Saale) International Conference November o9–1o, 2o18 in Halle (Saale) Herausgeber Harald Meller, Susanne Kimmig-Völkner und Alfred Reichenberger 9 783944 507972 ISBN 978-3-944507-97-2 21/I 21/I 2019 TAGUNGEN DES LANDESMUSEUMS FÜR VORGESCHICHTE HALLE ISSN 1867-4402 Tagungen des Landesmuseums für Vorgeschichte Halle Band 21/I | 2019 Ringe der Macht Rings of Power Internationale Tagung vom o9. bis 1o. November 2o18 in Halle (Saale) International Conference November o9–1o, 2o18 in Halle (Saale) herausgegeben von Harald Meller, Susanne Kimmig-Völkner und Alfred Reichenberger Halle (Saale) 2o19 Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über https://portal.dnb.de abrufbar. issn 1867-44o2 isbn 978-3-9445o7-97-2 Redaktion Susanne Kimmig-Völkner, Nele Lüttmann, Alfred Reichenberger, Manuela Schwarz, Nico Schwerdt, Michael Strambowski Übersetzungen und Lektorat englische Texte David Tucker • Halle (Saale) Endredaktion Susanne Kimmig-Völkner, Nele Lüttmann, Nico Schwerdt, Manuela Schwarz Umschlagfotos Juraj Lipták • München Fotos der Seiten 13–15, 78–79, 132–133, 148, 16o–161, 223–225, 258–259, 28o–281, 34o, 4o7, 4o8–4o9, 42o, 44o, 468–469, 5o8–5o9, 588, 611–613 Juraj Lipták • München Vor- und Nachsatz Klaus Pockrandt • Halle (Saale); Fotos: alle Juraj Lipták • München Außer Nachsatz unten: Armreif von Rodenbach, Historisches Museum der Pfalz Speyer Für den Inhalt der Arbeiten sind die Autoren eigenverantwortlich. © 2o19 by Landesamt für Denkmalpflege und Archäologie Sachsen-Anhalt – Landesmuseum für Vorgeschichte Halle (Saale). Das Werk einschließlich aller seiner Teile ist urheberrecht- lich geschützt. Jede Verwertung außerhalb der engen Grenzen des Urheberrechtsgesetzes ist ohne Zustimmung des Landesamt für Denkmalpflege und Archäologie Sachsen-Anhalt unzulässig. Dies gilt insbesondere für Vervielfältigungen, Übersetzungen, Mikroverfilm- ungen sowie die Einspeicherung und Verarbeitung in elektronischen Systemen. Gestaltungskonzept Carolyn Steinbeck • Berlin Umschlagskonzept Klaus Pockrandt • Halle (Saale) Layout, Satz und Produktion Brigitte Parsche Druck Salzland Druck GmbH & Co KG Inhalt Band I 9 In Memoriam DDr. Olav Röhrer-Ertl 11 Vorwort der Herausgeber RINGE UND MACHT 17 Alfred Reichenberger Von der Vielfalt der Ringe – eine Einführung 61 Anna Paola Rapelli A Deo rex, a rege lex. Symbols of power from ancient times to the Middle Ages. An artistic survey DER RING VON PAUSSNITZ – GLAUBE UND ABERGLAUBE IM MITTELALTER 81 Arnold Muhl Das Ringen um den Ring. Fund- und Erwerbsgeschichte des Inschriftenrings von Paußnitz 91 Friedrich Röhrer-Ertl Paußnitz revisited oder: vom Ringe nichts Neues? 105 Claus Priesner Schutz und Schaden – Bemerkungen zum magischen Denken, besonders der Ringmagie 121 Susanne Kimmig-Völkner Religion oder Aberglaube? Ringe mit christlicher Ikonografie GEHEIME BOTSCHAFTEN 135 Olav Röhrer-Ertl (†) Über numinose Zahlen als eine Möglichkeit der Musterinterpretation 149 Klaus Schmeh Kryptologie in der Renaissance MAGISCHE RINGE – REALIEN, GESCHICHTEN, MYTHEN 163 Klaus Graf Ringe in Kulturgeschichte und Erzählforschung 177 Rudolf Simek Der Ring in Mythologie und Kult des nordischen Frühmittelalters 189 Jörg Peukert Von den »vingerlîn«. Zwischen Fiktion und Realität, Symbol und Wert 211 Donat Wehner Mittelalterliche Glasfingerringe mit ovalem Kopf als Repräsentation geistlicher Macht DER EINE RING 227 Thomas Honegger Tolkien und die Tradition der Ringe der Macht 247 James Gerrard The Vyne Ring in context: powerful people and powerful rings during the end of Roman Britain VOM ANBEGINN DER RINGE 261 Juliane Weiß Paläolithischer Ringschmuck – eine Übersicht MACHTVOLLE RINGE DER BRONZEZEIT 283 Harald Meller Vom Herrschaftszeichen zum Herrschaftsornat. Zur Entstehung des goldenen Ringschmucks in Mitteleuropa 301 Andrea Schaer Die Bronzehand von Prêles, Kanton Bern (Schweiz) Band II 321 Michael Strambowski Goldene Bandfingerringe der mittleren Bronzezeit – eine Übersicht 341 Louis D. Nebelsick In höchsten Höhen und tiefsten Tiefen. Der Deponierungskontext jungbronzezeitlicher Ringdepots Mitteleuropas 363 Franziska Knoll Der goldene Eidring der jüngeren Nordischen Bronzezeit – Ein forschungsgeschichtliches Konstrukt neu betrachtet 375 Flemming Kaul Late Bronze Age oath rings from Boeslunde, Zealand (Denmark). Their function and meaning 389 Carola Metzner-Nebelsick »Die Ringe der Macht« revisited – Goldener Ringschmuck der Bronze- und Eisenzeit Europas im Vergleich. Zur Agency exzeptioneller Artefakte RINGE IN DER ANTIKE 411 Fritz Blakolmer Siegelringe im minoisch-mykenischen Griechenland: Herrschaft, Religion und Prestige 421 Wolfgang Adler Der Torques als römische Kriegsbeute und donum militare. Zu einem frühkaiserzeitlichen Grabrelief aus Bartringen, Kt. Luxemburg 441 Stefanie Nagel und Anne Wolsfeld Prestige – Status – Macht. Fingerringe der römischen Kaiserzeit und Spätantike STATUSSYMBOL UND DIPLOMATISCHES GUT 471 Alexandra Pesch Königliche Kostbarkeiten: Germanischer Ringschmuck vom ersten bis ins fünfte Jahrhundert 491 Matthias Becker Goldene Halsringe der späten römischen Kaiserzeit 499 Matthias Hardt Herrschaftszeichen, Prestigegüter oder kaiserliche Gaben? Hals- und Armringe aus Edelmetall zwischen Völkerwanderungszeit und frühem Mittelalter MAGIE DER WORTE 511 Stefan Krabath Hoch- und spätmittelalterliche Fingerringe mit Inschriften – eine Übersicht zu archäologischen Funden in Europa 589 Eberhard Bönisch und Friedrich Beck Der Inschriftenring aus der mittelalterlichen Holzkirche in Horno/Niederlausitz 603 Mirko Gutjahr Zur (Be-)Deutung des Inschriftenrings von Horno, Lkr. Spree-Neiße (Brandenburg) MODERNE RINGE DER MACHT 615 Thomas Richter und Georg Schafferer Schlaue Ringe – vom Ringträger zum Daten-Träger The Vyne Ring in context: powerful people and powerful rings during the end of Roman Britain James Gerrard Zusammenfassung Abstract Der Ring of Vyne im Kontext: mächtige Menschen und The inscribed late Roman gold ring found near Silchester mächtige Ringe am Ende der Römerzeit in Britannien has been considered as one of the inspirations for the One Ring in J. R. R. Tolkien’s Lord of the Rings trilogy. The ring is Der spätrömische goldene Inschriftenring, der nahe Silches- one of a small number of late Roman finger-rings from Brit- ter gefunden wurde, gilt als eine der Inspirationen für den ain that were usually manufactured in gold or silver. Their Einen Ring in J. R. R. Tolkiens Herr der Ringe Trilogie. Der iconography suggests that the wearers of these rings were Ring gehört zu einer kleinen Anzahl spätrömischer Finger- presenting themselves as members of an educated wealthy ringe aus Großbritannien, die üblicherweise aus Gold oder elite who advertised their position, religious beliefs, and Silber gefertigt worden sind. Ihre Ikonografie legt nahe, ideologies through the symbols engraved upon their finger- dass die Träger dieser Ringe sich selbst als Mitglieder einer rings. These rings offer a fascinating insight into society in gebildeten wohlhabenden Elite repräsentierten, die ihre Britain at the very end of the Roman period. Stellung, religiöse Überzeugung und Weltanschauung mit- tels der eingeschnittenen Symbole auf den Fingerringen nach außen trugen. Diese Ringe bieten einen faszinierenden Einblick in die Gesellschaft Großbritanniens am Ende der Römerzeit. Fig. 1 The Vyne (or Senicianus) ring. Made from gold and discovered near Calleva Atrebatum, Silchester, Hampshire (United Kingdom), in 1786, dia 2.5 cm. TAGUNGEN DES LANDESMUSEUMS FÜR VORGESCHICHTE HALLE • BAND 21 • 2019 248 JAMES GERRARD The Vyne Ring raised metal bezel. The bezel is engraved with a left-facing bust of a spiky-haired, clean shaven, draped, and diademed The Vyne (or Senicianus) Ring was discovered in 1786 by a individual surrounded by a retrograde text reading farmer ploughing a field near the Roman town of Calleva VE-NVS. The exterior of the hoop is engraved, probably by Atrebatum near Silchester, Hampshire (United Kingdom) a different hand, with a further text reading SENICIANE (Fig. 1). The ring passed into the hands of a local landown- VIVAS IIN DE[O] (Senicianus may you live in god) (Corby ing family and today resides among a small collection of Finney 1994, 176–178). antiquities held by the National Trust at the Vyne Country This object is exceptional enough within the corpus of House nearby Sherborne St John, Hampshire (Corby Fin- Romano-British jewellery to arouse considerable interest ney 1994). (Corby Finney 1994). Typologically the ring is one of a small, The finger-ring is made from gold and weighs approxi- but growing number of all-metal finger-rings named after mately 12 g (Fig. 2). The hoop is faceted and ten-sided with a an example found at the Roman Shore Fort of Brancaster (Branodunum), Norfolk (United Kingdom)
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