DOCSLIB.ORG

The Red River Resistance 1869–1870: the Machiavellian Moment

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Red River Resistance 1869–1870: the Machiavellian Moment UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA Ph.D. THESIS DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA THE RED RIVER RESISTANCE OF 1869-1870: THE MACHIAVELLIAN MOMENT OF THE THE MÉTIS OF MANITOBA DARREN O'TOOLE Summary In October 1869, the fledgling Canadian federation was preparing for the transfer of Rupert’s Land and the Northwestern Territory when the Métis set up a Provisional Government in order to resist what they saw as a unilateral annexation of their homeland. Although there were multiple references made to ‘republicanism’ during the Resistance, no scholar has ever explored whether republican conventions were actually present in political discourse in the District of Assiniboia prior to the Resistance and whether they were effectively activated during the Resistance. Working from the Cambridge School approach of discourse analysis, this thesis first identifies the conventions of democratic rhetorical republicanism, which includes positive and negative liberty, the rule of law, the mixed and balanced constitution and citizenship, which in turn involves virtue, the militia and real property. It then looks at the gradual introduction in Assiniboia of republican discourse from multiple sources, including the United States, Lower Canada, Upper Canada, Ireland, France and Great Britain and its circulation throughout several practical political struggles during the period from 1835 to 1869. In doing so, it shows that certain ‘organic intellectuals’ acted as ‘transmission belts’ of republican conventions and that institutional structures were a factor that rendered the activation of such conventions almost inevitable. By the time the Resistance took place in 1869, a more or less fully developed republican paradigm formed part of the linguistic matrix and was available to political actors in Assiniboia. Finally, the thesis shows that republican discourse was effectively mobilised by identifying fragments of republican conventions that were harnessed in various speech- acts during the Resistance. It is argued that republican language was fundamental to the success of the ideological and political manoeuvres of the leaders of the Resistance as it was particularly effective both as an instrument of anti-colonialism and as a pragmatic ideal of self-government that sought to correct the iniquities of colonial government. © Darren O’Toole, Ottawa, Canada, 2010 ii Acknowledgements I would especially like to thank my thesis supervisor, Professor Dimitri Karmis, who has helped and supported me in countless ways. He has not only guided me through the labyrinth of academic bureaucracy, but has been a friend throughout my doctoral studies. It was also during a seminar with Professor Karmis that I became more acquainted with James Tully, a student of Quentin Skinner, and Paul Romney, who found traces of republican thought in Upper Canada. I would also like to thank Professors Linda Cardinal and Douglas Moggach. It was during the Canadian politics seminar with Professor Cardinal that I first became aware of the question of republicanism in Québec and Canada and that I further explored the writings of John Pocock and Quentin Skinner. It was in the political thought seminar with Professor Moggach, where I had the opportunity to read up on classical republicanism and to become more familiar with the contemporary debate on republicanism, that I first came up with the idea of identifying republican conventions in the political discourse of the Métis during the Resistance. I would like to express my gratitude to Professor Michael Orsini who has been a constant support throughout my studies. A special word of thanks to the members of my thesis defence committee – Professors Georges Sioui, Claude Denis, Douglas Moggach and Peter Jay Smith. I would also like to mention my friend, Jean-Pierre Couture, who has accompanied me on my intellectual journey from the beginning of my undergraduate courses at UQAM in 1994 until my present-day Ph.D. thesis. I am also indebted to him for carrying out the final corrections to my M.A. thesis while I was in Germany. I would also like to acknowledge all those at the School of Political Studies with whom I engaged in theoretical discussions. My father, Robert Richard O’Toole – who was a sort of modern day Métis voyageurs when he worked as a truck-driver – has always supported me in his own stoic way throughout my post-secondary studies. To my mother, Merrily Vera Rodgers, who brought me into this world and who gave me this life that I love so much. Last, but certainly not least, I would like to express my gratitude to ma douce moitié, Dalie Giroux, for the ongoing dialogue that inspires me every day and who has been a faithful commentator ever since she took the trouble to read my M.A. thesis. iii Table of Contents !"##$%&'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''((! $)*+,-./01/#/+2!'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' (((! (+2%,0")2(,+'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3! !"#$%&!$!'(')%*)"#!)+,"(')-!%-.! ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////0! !"#$%&'()$"()*+,'#&$-)*./0&-.1)2$3'(4)-&')56-/%)$%)78/9/"0):++.%; <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<=! 1!-23.(45$('+' ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 67! >$-?/@/$")$"()>.'A'/$")B'CDA./@$"/%,% <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< EE! B$-/+"$.)$"()B&'-+?/@$.)B'CDA./@$"/%,% <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< EF! 1!-23.(45$('+8%1).(3!15.('+9 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 6:! 1. REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''45! 6/6/! &!$!15.);2!'"(%$ //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// <=! 6/</! 1!>(!?)%*)"#!).("!15"21! ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// <=! 1.3.! RESEARCH QUESTIONS //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 0<! 6/=/! 1!'!514#)-1%-%'("(%$' ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 0<! 6/:/! "#!)45+31(@&!)'4#%%.A)#('"%1B)%*)-%.("(45.)@('4%21'! ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 00! E<G<E<! :?$@/"0)B'CDA./@$")H?$0,'"-%)/")I%%/"/A+/$<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< FJ! 6/C/)! +!"#%@)%*)1!'!514# ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// =7! E<=<E<! K'?/L/@$-/+"<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< ME! E<=<N<! 8/,/-%)+L)5'-&+(+.+01<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< M=! 6/D/! &!$!15.)5$@)'-!4(*(4)%3E!4"(>!'//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// =D! E<J<E<! O?/0/"$./-1<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< MP! E<J<N<! I@$(',/@)$"()*+@/$.)B'.'9$"@' <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< MQ! 4'60/#,)%$2()6%7/2,%()$.6%/8"9.()$+(!#''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''':3! </6/)! 1!-23.(45$).(3!1"B///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// :0! N<E<E<! OL)>+%/-/9')8/A'?-1 <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< GM! N<E<N<! OL)R'0$-/9')8/A'?-1)$%)R+"ST"-'?L'?'"@' <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< GG! N<E<F<! OL)R'0$-/9')8/A'?-1)$%)R+"S2+,/"$-/+"<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< GQ! </</! "#!)12.!)%*).5? /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// C0! </0/)! 5)+(F!@)5$@)35.5$4!@)4%$'"("2"(%$//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// CC! N<F<E<)! :&')5+"$?@&/@$.)>?/"@/C.')$"()UV'@D-/9')>+#'?<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< =Q! </0/6/6/! #GHIJKI)JK)LMG)+NKOPQMJQOR)-PJKQJSRG///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////D6! N<F<N<)! :&')I?/%-+@?$-/@)>?/"@/C.')$"()-&')WD(/@/$?1<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< JF! N<F<F<! ):&')>'+C.')$"()-&')8'0/%.$-/9'<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Provincial Plaques Across Ontario
    An inventory of provincial plaques across Ontario Last updated: May 25, 2021 An inventory of provincial plaques across Ontario Title Plaque text Location County/District/ Latitude Longitude Municipality "Canada First" Movement, Canada First was the name and slogan of a patriotic movement that At the entrance to the Greater Toronto Area, City of 43.6493473 -79.3802768 The originated in Ottawa in 1868. By 1874, the group was based in Toronto and National Club, 303 Bay Toronto (District), City of had founded the National Club as its headquarters. Street, Toronto Toronto "Cariboo" Cameron 1820- Born in this township, John Angus "Cariboo" Cameron married Margaret On the grounds of his former Eastern Ontario, United 45.05601541 -74.56770762 1888 Sophia Groves in 1860. Accompanied by his wife and daughter, he went to home, Fairfield, which now Counties of Stormont, British Columbia in 1862 to prospect in the Cariboo gold fields. That year at houses Legionaries of Christ, Dundas and Glengarry, Williams Creek he struck a rich gold deposit. While there his wife died of County Road 2 and County Township of South Glengarry typhoid fever and, in order to fulfil her dying wish to be buried at home, he Road 27, west of transported her body in an alcohol-filled coffin some 8,600 miles by sea via Summerstown the Isthmus of Panama to Cornwall. She is buried in the nearby Salem Church cemetery. Cameron built this house, "Fairfield", in 1865, and in 1886 returned to the B.C. gold fields. He is buried near Barkerville, B.C. "Colored Corps" 1812-1815, Anxious to preserve their freedom and prove their loyalty to Britain, people of On Queenston Heights, near Niagara Falls and Region, 43.160132 -79.053059 The African descent living in Niagara offered to raise their own militia unit in 1812.
    [Show full text]
  • "Lac Des Mille Lacs Indians, Live Exclusively By
    "A War without Bombs": The Government's Role in Damming and Flooding of Lac des Mille Lacs First Nation By Howard Adler A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Canadian Studies Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario August 18, 2010 2010, Howard Adler Library and Archives Biblioth&que et 1*1 Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de Edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington OttawaONK1A0N4 OttawaONK1A0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-71599-4 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-71599-4 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non­ L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library and permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par Nnternet, preter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans le loan, distribute and sell theses monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, sur worldwide, for commercial or non­ support microforme, papier, electronique et/ou commercial purposes, in microform, autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in this et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. Ni thesis. Neither the thesis nor la these ni des extraits substantiels de celle-ci substantial extracts from it may be ne doivent etre imprimes ou autrement printed or otherwise reproduced reproduits sans son autorisation.
    [Show full text]
  • Métis Nation 2020 – Manitoba
    ~1~ Métis Nation 2020 – Manitoba 150 A year to acknowledge and celebrate 150 years of the Métis and Louis Riel - the Founder of Manitoba, Leader of the Métis Nation, and Defender of Minority Rights ~2~ www.metisnation.ca ~3~ A SPECIAL MESSAGE FROM PRESIDENT DAVID CHARTRAND 2020 was an incredible year of challenges and celebration. The COVID-19 pandemic ushered in a new global era of social distancing and shutdowns. Many people lost their lives to this virus across the world and in our province and many more felt the nancial and mental effects. The pandemic was also an uninvited guest to our Manitoba 150 activities and stole many of our celebrations from us. But the Métis people have faced hardship before. We found innovative ways to remain connected to our loved ones and our communities, in spite of the pandemic. We also found new ways to mark the important milestone of Manitoba’s 150 – the anniversary of Manitoba’s entry into Canada’s Confederation. Manitoba’s Premier, Brian Pallister, tried to cut us out of the celebration. He did not involve the Métis Government when assembling the committee, nor did he request our input on the festivities that were planned. Of course, we did not allow that to pass. Rather, we had our own celebration that was open to all Manitobans, thanks to the support of the Government of Canada. It would be impossible to celebrate Manitoba 150 without recognizing the special relationship between the province and the Métis people. It was in 1870 that Louis Riel, Métis leader and President of the Provisional Government, along with his Cabinet and representatives from the Red River Settlement parishes, established the terms of negotiation for Manitoba’s entry into the Confederation of Canada.
    [Show full text]
  • Mediating the Numbered Treaties: Eyewitness Accounts of Treaties
    Mediating the Numbered Treaties: Eyewitness Accounts of Treaties Between the Crown and Indigenous Peoples, 1871-1876 A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements For the Degree of Special Case Doctor of Philosophy in History University of Regina by Sheldon Kirk Krasowski Regina, Saskatchewan June 2011 Copyright 2011: Sheldon Krasowski Abstract This thesis looks at the historical period of treaty-making in Western Canada when six numbered treaties were negotiated between Canada and the Anishnabeg, Cree, Saulteaux, and Assiniboine Nations between 1871 and 1876. The main interpretation of treaty-making during this period is that the treaty commissioners and Indigenous leadership experienced “cultural misunderstandings” and that Euro-Canadian witnesses to treaty did not understand the treaty relationship. As a result, most of the eyewitness accounts by Euro-Canadian fur traders, missionaries, journalists, settlers and government representatives have been ignored by historians. This thesis argues against cultural misunderstandings and shows that Euro-Canadian negotiators and eyewitnesses clearly understood the roles and responsibilities in the treaty relationship. Violations of treaty did occur as new settlers moved into treaty territory and government representatives became more concerned about financial restrictions than the promises made during the negotiations. However, during the treaty-making period, Euro-Canadians understood their obligations under the treaty relationship. This thesis analyzes previously under- utilized primary documents and re-evaluates standard sources on the numbered treaties to show that during the treaty-making period, Euro-Canadians understood the expectations of Indigenous peoples in the treaty relationship. i Acknowledgements First and foremost I would like to thank my supervisor and committee members.
    [Show full text]
  • Inventory of Provincial Plaques Across Ontario
    An inventory of provincial plaques across Ontario Explore the Plaque database at heritagetrust.on.ca/plaques Last updated: November 20, 2018 An inventory of provincial plaques across Ontario Plaque title Location Region County/District Municipality "Canada First" Movement, The At the entrance to the National Club, 303 Greater Toronto Area City of Toronto City of Toronto Bay Street, Toronto "Cariboo" Cameron 1820-1888 On the grounds of his former home, Eastern Ontario United Counties of Stormont, Dundas Township of South Glengarry Fairfield, which now houses Legionaries of and Glengarry Christ, County Road 2 and County Road 27, west of Summerstown "Colored Corps" 1812-1815, The On Queenston Heights, near the Brock Niagara Falls and Region Regional Municipality of Niagara Town of Niagara-on-the-Lake monument, Queenston "Cyclone" Taylor 1885-1979 In Memorial Park, Yonge Street, Tara Southwestern Ontario County of Bruce Municipality of Arran-Elderslie "Howie" Morenz 1902-1937 In Howie Morenz Memorial Gardens, Southwestern Ontario County of Perth Township of West Perth Blanchard and Huron Streets, Mitchell "King" Capron 1796-1872 In front of his former home, 8 Homestead Southwestern Ontario County of Brant County of Brant Road, Paris "Ned" Hanlan 1855-1908 Near the ferry dock, Hanlans Point, Toronto Greater Toronto Area City of Toronto City of Toronto Islands, Toronto "Old" City Hall 1899-1965 In front of the east wing of the building, 60 Greater Toronto Area City of Toronto City of Toronto Queen Street West, Toronto "Pirate" Johnston 1782-1870
    [Show full text]
  • Provincial Plaques Across Ontario
    An inventory of provincial plaques across Ontario Explore the Online Plaque Guide at heritagetrust.on.ca/plaques Last updated: July 29, 2016 An inventory of provincial plaques across Ontario Plaque title Location Region County/District Municipality "Canada First" Movement, The At the entrance to the National Club, 303 Greater Toronto Area City of Toronto City of Toronto Bay Street, Toronto "Cariboo" Cameron 1820-1888 On the grounds of his former home, Eastern Ontario United Counties of Stormont, Dundas Township of South Glengarry Fairfield, which now houses Legionaries of and Glengarry Christ, County Road 2 and County Road 27, west of Summerstown "Colored Corps" 1812-1815, The On Queenston Heights, near the Brock Niagara Falls and Region Regional Municipality of Niagara Town of Niagara-on-the-Lake monument, Queenston "Cyclone" Taylor 1885-1979 In Memorial Park, Yonge Street, Tara Southwestern Ontario County of Bruce Municipality of Arran-Elderslie "Howie" Morenz 1902-1937 In Howie Morenz Memorial Gardens, Southwestern Ontario County of Perth Township of West Perth Blanchard and Huron Streets, Mitchell "King" Capron 1796-1872 In front of his former home, 8 Homestead Southwestern Ontario County of Brant County of Brant Road, Paris "Ned" Hanlan 1855-1908 Near the ferry dock, Hanlans Point, Toronto Greater Toronto Area City of Toronto City of Toronto Islands, Toronto "Old" City Hall 1899-1965 In front of the east wing of the building, 60 Greater Toronto Area City of Toronto City of Toronto Queen Street West, Toronto "Pirate" Johnston 1782-1870
    [Show full text]
  • Ontario's Factum
    Court File No. 35379 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF CANADA (ON APPEAL FROM THE COURT OF APPEAL FOR ONTARIO) BETWEEN: ANDREW KEEWATIN JR. and JOSEPH WILLIAM FOBISTER on their own behalf and on behalf of all other members of GRASSY NARROWS FIRST NATION Appellants -and- MINISTER OF NATURAL RESOURCES, RESOLUTE FP CANADA (formerly Abitibi-Consolidated Inc.), THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF CANADA, LESLIE CAMERON on his own behalf and on behalf of all other members of WABAUSKANG FIRST NATION, and GOLDCORP INC. Respondents AND BETWEEN: LESLIE CAMERON on his own behalf and on behalf of all other members of WABAUSKANG FIRST NATION Appellants -and- ANDREW KEEWATIN JR. and JOSEPH WILLIAM FOBISTER on their own behalf and on behalf of all other members of GRASSY NARROWS FIRST NATION, MINISTER OF NATURAL RESOURCES, RESOLUTE FP CANADA (formerly Abitibi-Consolidated Inc.), THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF CANADA, and GOLDCORP INC. Respondents FACTUM OF THE RESPONDENT, MINISTER OF NATURAL RESOURCES (Pursuant to Rule 36 of the Rules of the Supreme Court of Canada) ONTARIO MINISTRY OF THE ATTORNEY BURKE-ROBERTSON LLP GENERAL Barristers & Solicitors Crown Law Office – Civil 441 MacLaren Street, Suite 200 8th Floor, 720 Bay Street Ottawa, Ontario K2P 2H3 Toronto, Ontario M7A 2S9 Fax: 416-326-4181 Robert E. Houston, Q.C. Tel: 613-236-9665 Malliha Wilson (LSUC # 23308I) Fax: 613-233-4195 or 613-235-4430 Tel: 416-326-4953 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Ottawa Agents for the Respondent, Michael R. Stephenson (LSUC # 29697R) Minister of Natural Resources
    [Show full text]
  • The Great Railway 1871-1881
    The Great Railway 1871-1881 The National Dream “Size is not grandeur, and territory does not make a nation.”- Thomas Henry Huxley By Pierre Berton “Until this great work is completed, our Dominion is little more than a ‘geographical expression.’ ” -Sir John A. Macdonald McClelland and Stewart Limited Toronto/Montreal 1 2 Contents From Sea to Sea............................................................................................10 Chapter One..................................................................................................12 1 An act of “insane recklessness” ........................................................................13 2 The dreamers.....................................................................................................16 3 “Canada is a corpse”.........................................................................................20 4 The struggle for the North West ........................................................................23 5 The land beyond the lakes ................................................................................27 6 Ocean to Ocean.................................................................................................31 7 The ordeal of the Dawson Route.......................................................................37 Chapter Two .................................................................................................41 1 Poor Waddington...............................................................................................42
    [Show full text]
  • Reasons for Judgment
    Table of Contents i CITATION: Keewatin v. Minister of Natural Resources 2011 ONSC 4801 Court File No. 05-CV-281875PD Date: 20110816 ONTARIO SUPERIOR COURT OF JUSTICE B E T W E E N: ) ) ANDREW KEEWATIN JR. and JOSEPH ) Robert J.M. Janes, Karey Brooks, Barbara WILLIAM FOBISTER on their own behalf ) Harvey for the Plaintiffs and on behalf of all other members of ) GRASSY NARROWS FIRST NATION ) Plaintiffs ) 2011 ONSC 4801 (CanLII) - and - ) ) MINISTER OF NATURAL RESOURCES ) Michael R. Stephenson, Peter Lemmond, and ABITIBI-CONSOLIDATED INC. ) Christine Perruzza, Mark Crow for the Defendants ) Defendant Minister of Natural Resources ) ) Christopher J. Matthews, Marina Sampson ) for the Defendant Abitibi-Consolidated Inc. - and - ) ) THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF CANADA ) Gary Penner, Michael McCulloch, Barry Third Party ) Ennis for the Third Party ) ) HEARD: September 14-16; October 5-6, 9, ) 13-16, 19-23; November 16-18, 23-27; ) December 1-4, 7, 9-10, 14-16, 2009; ) January 14, 15, 18-22, 25-29; February 16- ) 19, 22-26; March 1; April 19-22, 26-30; ) May 1, 3, 2010 M.A. SANDERSON J. REASONS FOR JUDGMENT Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 1 Ontario's Position.................................................................................................................... 1 The Ojibway Position ............................................................................................................. 2 The Issues to be Decided
    [Show full text]
  • Intermediate/Senior Mini Unit Provincial Edition Manitoba
    intermediate/senior mini unit http://hcmc.uvic.ca/confederation/ Manitoba Provincial Edition 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................ 1 ABOUT THE CONFEDERATION DEBATES MINI-UNIT .......................................................................... 3 CURRICULUM OBJECTIVES .................................................................................................................... 4 Grade 6: Social Studies: Canada: A Country of Change (1867 to Present) ........................................ 4 Grade 11: History of Canada: A Foundation for Implementation .................................................... 5 SECTION 1 | CREATING CANADA: MANITOBA .................................................................................... 7 Prerequisite Skillset ........................................................................................................................... 7 Background Knowledge..................................................................................................................... 7 Confederation Debates: Introductory Lesson ................................................................................... 8 Confederation Debates: Biographical Research ............................................................................. 10 Culminating Activity: The Debate ................................................................................................... 12 Culminating
    [Show full text]
  • Justice Canada
    Report to Justice Canada Final Report For Historical Profile of the Lake of the Woods Area’s R FURTHER DISSEMINATION Mixed European-Indian or Mixed European-Inuit Ancestry Community The views expressed in this report are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the Department of Justice Canada. Les opinions exprimées dans le présent rapport sont celles de l’auteur et ne représentent pas nécessairement celles du ministère de la Justice Canada. Donna Cona 130 Slater Street, Suite 1340 Ottawa, ON K1P 6E2 www.DonnaCona.com DRAFT DISCUSSION – NOT FO Contact: Audrey Lawrence Phone: 613.234-5407 x 298 Fax: 613.234-7761 Email: [email protected] Date: February 4, 2005 Report to Justice Canada Final Report – Historical Profile of the Lakes of the Wood Area’s Mixed European-Indian and Mixed European-Inuit Ancestry Community TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................ 1 2. METHODOLOGY ....................................................................................................................... 3 3. NARRATIVE............................................................................................................................... 7 3.1. Pre-Contact to 1760......................................................................................................... 7 3.2. 1760 to 1803.................................................................................................................. 14 3.3.
    [Show full text]
  • Levelling the Lake
    Levelling the Lake Transboundary Resource Management in the Lake of the Woods Watershed Jamie Benidickson Foreword by Graeme Wynn Sample Material © UBC Press 2019 The Nature | History | Society series is devoted to the publication of high- quality scholarship in environmental history and allied fields. Its broad compass is signalled by its title: nature because it takes the natural world seriously; history because it aims to foster work that has temporal depth; and society because its essential concern is with the interface between nature and society, broadly conceived. The series is avowedly interdisciplinary and is open to the work of anthropologists, ecologists, historians, geographers, literary scholars, political scientists, sociologists, and others whose interests resonate with its mandate. It offers a timely outlet for lively, innovative, and well-written work on the interaction of people and nature through time in North America. General Editor: Graeme Wynn, University of British Columbia A list of titles in the series appears at the end of the book. Sample Material © UBC Press 2019 Contents List of Illustrations / xi Foreword: Reflections from the North Country / xiii Graeme Wynn Acknowledgments / xxv Introduction / xxvii 1 Building Boundaries / 3 2 Cultural, Commercial, and Constitutional Fishing / 24 3 This Land Is yM Land – It Can’t Be Your Land / 40 4 Water Rights and Water Powers / 60 5 Pulp and Paper: From Emergence to Emergency / 79 6 Bacterial Waterways / 93 7 Levelling the Lake / 113 8 Power Struggles / 134 Sample Material
    [Show full text]