DOCSLIB.ORG

Argoviacrinus Rarissimus N. G. N. Sp., a New Crinoid (Echinodermata) from the Middle Oxfordian of Northern Switzerland

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Argoviacrinus Rarissimus N. G. N. Sp., a New Crinoid (Echinodermata) from the Middle Oxfordian of Northern Switzerland Argoviacrinus rarissimus n. g. n. sp., a new crinoid (Echinodermata) from the Middle Oxfordian of northern Switzerland Autor(en): Hess, Hans / Spichiger, Pia Ursula Objekttyp: Article Zeitschrift: Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae Band (Jahr): 94 (2001) Heft 3 PDF erstellt am: 01.10.2021 Persistenter Link: http://doi.org/10.5169/seals-168907 Nutzungsbedingungen Die ETH-Bibliothek ist Anbieterin der digitalisierten Zeitschriften. Sie besitzt keine Urheberrechte an den Inhalten der Zeitschriften. Die Rechte liegen in der Regel bei den Herausgebern. Die auf der Plattform e-periodica veröffentlichten Dokumente stehen für nicht-kommerzielle Zwecke in Lehre und Forschung sowie für die private Nutzung frei zur Verfügung. Einzelne Dateien oder Ausdrucke aus diesem Angebot können zusammen mit diesen Nutzungsbedingungen und den korrekten Herkunftsbezeichnungen weitergegeben werden. Das Veröffentlichen von Bildern in Print- und Online-Publikationen ist nur mit vorheriger Genehmigung der Rechteinhaber erlaubt. Die systematische Speicherung von Teilen des elektronischen Angebots auf anderen Servern bedarf ebenfalls des schriftlichen Einverständnisses der Rechteinhaber. Haftungsausschluss Alle Angaben erfolgen ohne Gewähr für Vollständigkeit oder Richtigkeit. Es wird keine Haftung übernommen für Schäden durch die Verwendung von Informationen aus diesem Online-Angebot oder durch das Fehlen von Informationen. Dies gilt auch für Inhalte Dritter, die über dieses Angebot zugänglich sind. Ein Dienst der ETH-Bibliothek ETH Zürich, Rämistrasse 101, 8092 Zürich, Schweiz, www.library.ethz.ch http://www.e-periodica.ch 0012-9402/01/030489-6 $1.50 + 0.20/0 Eclogae geol. Helv. 94 (2001) 489^194 Birkhäuser Verlag. Basel. 2001 Argoviacrinus rarissimus n. g. n. sp., a new crinoid (Echinodermata) from the Middle Oxfordian of northern Switzerland Hans Hess1 & Pia Ursula Spichiger2 Key words: Crinoid. Argoviacrinus rarissimus n. g. n. sp.. Middle Oxfordian. Switzerland, description, affinities, palaeoecology ZUSAMMENFASSUNG ABSTRACT Aus den Birmenstorf Schichten (mittleres Oxford) von Holderbank (Kt. Aargau) The unique specimen of a new crinoid. Argoviacrinus rarissimus n. g. n. sp., from the Middle Oxfordian Birmenstorf Member of Holderbank wird eine neue Crinoiden-Art. Argoviacrinus rarissimus n. g. n. sp.. (Canton is beschrieben. Der Einzelfund ist ein kleiner Kelch aus Radialkranz. Basalia Aargau) a small cup with radiais, basais and a stem-like cirriferous is und stielartigem Cenlrodorsale mit Zirren: die Gelenkfläche zum Stiel isl eine centrodorsal. The articular facet to the stem a circular inflexible cryptosym- unbewegliche Krypto-Symplexie mit Randwulst und Kôrnerbelag. die eine plexy with rim and granules, transformed from a cryptosynarthry during the the dominant ursprüngliche Synarthrie überlagert. Die Aehnlichkeit der Gelenkfläche mit development. The morphological similarity to stems of cyrtocrinids. Stielgliedern der sessilen Cyrtocriniden. die dominierenden Crinoiden der crinoids of these strata, is considered to be due to convergence. The form Birmenstorf Schichten, dürfte eine Konvergenzerscheinung sein. Die Form wird is thought to he related to the Thiolliericrinidae and. thus, is an aberrant member als Weiterentwicklung der Thiolliericrinidae und somit als aberrantes Mitglied of the Order Comatulida. der Ordnung Comatulida angesehen. 1. Introduction menstorf Member is exposed along a length of about 150 m as The Middle Oxfordian sponge facies of northern Switzerland a roughly 30 m high inclined wall with vegetation at the top. ("Argovian" Birmenstorf Beds) is popular with fossil collectors The beds strike roughly NW-SE with a 30-60° dip. The for its rich fauna of ammonites, sponges, bryozoans and stratigraphically higher Effingen Member is exposed in other parts brachiopods but, perhaps, even more for its echinoderms of the quarry. The Birmenstorf Member has been characterized (echinoids. crinoids). Indeed, the clove-like cups of as a basinal spongolite (Gygi 2000a) with siliceous Eugeniacrinites cariophilites were first figured by Scheuchzer in 1702. sponges making up as much as 30 % of the rock volume. It is a Of special interest is the rich fauna of peculiar and at times succession of micritic limestones, marly limestones and marls bizarre crinoids of the Order Cyrtocrinida that were extensively with a thickness of 4 to 4.5 m at the Chalch quarry. The Effingen described in the classic monographs of Loriol (1877-1879: Member, a basinal argillaceous mudstone. is a succession 1882-1889) and Quenstedt (1874-1876) (see also Hess 1975). It of blue-grey marls with interbedded marly limestones and pure came as a big surprise that a completely new type of crinoid limestones; it reaches a thickness of about 240 m in the has been found in these extensively searched strata by the Holderbank area (R. Allenbach. pers. comm.. 2001). The junior author during her diploma work. Birmenstorf Member was deposited during the Transversarium Zone; the Effingen Member includes the Bifurcatus and the lower part ofthe Bimammatum Zones (Gygi 2000b). 2. Geological setting The fossils were collected from the surface at the foot of During the Late Jurassic the study area was situated in an the eastern part of the wall and the talus below. They all epicontinental sea structured into local basins and swells. Coeval belong to the Birmenstorf Member as the situation at the outcrop platform deposits are found toward the northwest. In the prevents contamination by fossils from the Effingen Beds. In northern part of the large Chalch (also called "Schiimel") the lower Effingen Beds, about 5 m above the top of the quarry at Holderbank (coordinates: 655.900/253.500). the Bir¬ Birmenstorf Member (a bed covered with sponges), a 25 mm 1 Naturhistorisches Museum. Augustinergasse 2. CH-4001 Basel. Switzerland. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Unt. Siedlungsweg 7. CH-4914 Roggwil. Switzerland. E-mail: bup.spichiger(8"datacomm.ch A new crinoid from the Oxfordian of northern Switzerland 489 thick lens occurs packed with crinoid ossicles from species that signed to Cyrtocrinus nutans. As already discussed by Jaekel occur in the underlying Birmenstorf Beds. Their relatively (1891. p. 622). the two forms are linked by intermediates and may small size (the largest elements are less than 5 mm in diameter) at most be distinguished by their surface structure, a character suggests that they were well sorted before they accumulated, that we now regard as part of the intraspecific variation, an opinion possibly during a tempestite event. The echinoderm species in shared by Loriol (1877-1879. p. 209 and 1882-1889. p.l 15). the lower parts of the Effingen Member also occur in the Cups attached to proximal columnal 27 Birmenstorf Member, but species diversity and number of specimens Cups (isolated) 144 in the Effingen Member is lower. Proximal columnals (with facet to cup) 382 Columnals (including 28 pluricolumnals) 707 Brachials 118 3. Fauna Eugeniacrinites cariophilites (caryophyHaitis) The richly fossiliferous Birmenstorf Member is characterized (V. SCHLOTHEIM) by abundant siliceous sponges, ammonites, echinoderms and Cups attached to proximal columnal 2 brachiopods. The fauna is similar to the somewhat younger Cups (isolated) 57 Lochen Beds (Bimammatum Zone) of the Swabian Alb. Second primibrachials (IBr2 primaxillary) 19 deposited at the margins of sponge-algal bioherms (Ziegler Columnals 395 1977). The crinoids listed below have been collected at Holder- Pilocrinus moussoni (Desor) bank during a time period of 200-250 hours by the junior Cups 23 author. A relatively large number (several hundreds) of mostly Brachials 89 very small brachials and columnals is not listed because of Columnals (including 4 pluricolumnals) 98 doubtful assignment. A list of the total fauna collected will be Gymnocrinus moeschi de Loriol reported elsewhere (Spichiger. in preparation). Remark: These brachials may belong to Pilocrinus moussoni, the taxonomic position of Gymnocrinus will be discussed in List of crinoids from the Birmenstorf Member of the the forthcoming revision of the Treatise on Invertebrate Chalch quarry. Holderbank (assignment based on Hess 1975). Paleontology, Pt. T Crinoidea) Isocrinida Second primibrachials (IBr2 primaxillary) 9 Isocrinus cingulatus (Münster in Goldfuss) Tetracrinus moniliformis Goldfuss Pluricolumnals (stem fragments) and columnals 66 Basal circlets 5 Brachials (including 6 with aboral spine) 7 Radiais (isolated) 12 Balanocrinus subteres (Münster in Goldfuss) Brachials 584 Pluricolumnals and columnals 324 Pinnulars (fused, dagger-like) 3 Brachials 1 Columnals 1 Plicatocrinus hexagonus Münster Cyrtocrinida Cups 1 Cyrtocrinus nutans (Goldfuss) Comatulida Remarks: Cups of this species have variation in height, great Archaeometra scrobiculata (Münster) ornamentation and in the ratio of radial cavity diameter to cup Cups with centrodorsal 2 diameter, which is between 0.8 and 0.2 (a ratio of 0.4 to 0.5 being Brachials ("Archaeometra aspera [Quenstedt]") 399 the most common). Correspondingly, the radial articular facets vary considerably in size. Brachials with granulated surface, Undetermined ossicles previously assigned to Sclerocrinus compressus Gammarocrinites Isocrinid cirrals (Isocrinus cingulatus or Balanocrinus compressus in the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. subteres) 197 Rasmussen 1978, T831) (Hess 1975, PI.25. figs. 2 and 3) are here as¬ Attachment discs of cyrtocrinids 19 Fig. 1-8. Holotype of Argoviacrinus rarissimus n. g. n. sp. Birmenstorf Member. Holderbank. Natural
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Zootaxa, a New Genus and Species of Western Atlantic
    Zootaxa 2449: 49–68 (2010) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2010 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) A new genus and species of Western Atlantic sea lily in the family Septocrinidae (Echinodermata: Crinoidea: Bourgueticrinida) ALEXANDR N. MIRONOV1 & DAVID L. PAWSON2 1P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nakhimovskyi Prospekt 36, Moscow 117997, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] 2D.L. Pawson, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC 20013-7012, USA. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Rouxicrinus vestitus new genus, new species, collected during submersible dives at depths of 421–887 m near Barbados, Colombia and the Bahamas is described, and notes on ecology are included. It is referred to the family Septocrinidae Mironov, 2000, which now comprises three genera, Zeuctocrinus A.M. Clark, 1973, Septocrinus Mironov, 2000, and Rouxicrinus new genus. This new genus differs significantly from both Septocrinus and Zeuctocrinus in having numerous low columnals in the proxistele, which tapers toward the crown, first pinnule arising more proximally, thorns on brachials and pinnulars, and a thick covering of soft tissue on arms and pinnules. Key words: Rouxicrinus vestitus, Caribbean Sea, taxonomy, Crinoidea, Bourgueticrinida, Septocrinidae Introduction The family Septocrinidae is a small group of extant ten-armed sea lilies. The first-captured species of this group, Zeuctocrinus gisleni A.M. Clark, 1973, has been described in detail by A.M. Clark (1973), Roux (1977) and Roux et al. (2002). A.M. Clark (1973) referred Zeuctocrinus to the family Phrynocrinidae A.H. Clark 1907 comprising the extant Phrynocrinus nudus A.H.
    [Show full text]
  • Echinodermata: Crinoidea), with a Discussion of Relationships Between Crinoids with Xenomorphic Stalks
    Zootaxa 3873 (3): 259–274 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3873.3.5 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0BE01B2F-5753-41E1-91B3-907E887BE01B A new species of Western Atlantic sea lily in the family Bathycrinidae (Echinodermata: Crinoidea), with a discussion of relationships between crinoids with xenomorphic stalks ALEXANDR N. MIRONOV1 & DAVID L. PAWSON2 1P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nakhimovsky Prospekt 36, Moscow 117997, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] 2D.L. Pawson, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC 20013-7012, USA. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract A new species in the family Bathycrinidae is described from abyssal depths from the Bahamas. It is referred to the recently established genus Discolocrinus, which formerly comprised a single species D. thieli Mironov, 2008 from the Eastern Pa- cific. Discolocrinus iselini n. sp. is characterized by large body size, high tegmen with tube-like upper region, extremely elongated IBr1 and IBr2, large knobby processes on primibrachials, and overgrowth of soft tissue on the pinnules, the tis- sue containing numerous perforated or imperforate ossicles of varying size and form. Differences between Discolocrinus and other bathycrinids may seem to be of taxonomic importance at the family level, but knowledge of the morphology and variability of both species of Discolocrinus is incomplete and, until a richer material becomes available, the genus should remain in family Bathycrinidae. Representatives of five families with xenomorphic stalks were examined to characterize the genera on the basis of number or form of knobby processes.
    [Show full text]
  • Sepkoski, J.J. 1992. Compendium of Fossil Marine Animal Families
    MILWAUKEE PUBLIC MUSEUM Contributions . In BIOLOGY and GEOLOGY Number 83 March 1,1992 A Compendium of Fossil Marine Animal Families 2nd edition J. John Sepkoski, Jr. MILWAUKEE PUBLIC MUSEUM Contributions . In BIOLOGY and GEOLOGY Number 83 March 1,1992 A Compendium of Fossil Marine Animal Families 2nd edition J. John Sepkoski, Jr. Department of the Geophysical Sciences University of Chicago Chicago, Illinois 60637 Milwaukee Public Museum Contributions in Biology and Geology Rodney Watkins, Editor (Reviewer for this paper was P.M. Sheehan) This publication is priced at $25.00 and may be obtained by writing to the Museum Gift Shop, Milwaukee Public Museum, 800 West Wells Street, Milwaukee, WI 53233. Orders must also include $3.00 for shipping and handling ($4.00 for foreign destinations) and must be accompanied by money order or check drawn on U.S. bank. Money orders or checks should be made payable to the Milwaukee Public Museum. Wisconsin residents please add 5% sales tax. In addition, a diskette in ASCII format (DOS) containing the data in this publication is priced at $25.00. Diskettes should be ordered from the Geology Section, Milwaukee Public Museum, 800 West Wells Street, Milwaukee, WI 53233. Specify 3Y. inch or 5Y. inch diskette size when ordering. Checks or money orders for diskettes should be made payable to "GeologySection, Milwaukee Public Museum," and fees for shipping and handling included as stated above. Profits support the research effort of the GeologySection. ISBN 0-89326-168-8 ©1992Milwaukee Public Museum Sponsored by Milwaukee County Contents Abstract ....... 1 Introduction.. ... 2 Stratigraphic codes. 8 The Compendium 14 Actinopoda.
    [Show full text]
  • Southeastern Regional Taxonomic Center South Carolina Department of Natural Resources
    Southeastern Regional Taxonomic Center South Carolina Department of Natural Resources http://www.dnr.sc.gov/marine/sertc/ Southeastern Regional Taxonomic Center Invertebrate Literature Library (updated 9 May 2012, 4056 entries) (1958-1959). Proceedings of the salt marsh conference held at the Marine Institute of the University of Georgia, Apollo Island, Georgia March 25-28, 1958. Salt Marsh Conference, The Marine Institute, University of Georgia, Sapelo Island, Georgia, Marine Institute of the University of Georgia. (1975). Phylum Arthropoda: Crustacea, Amphipoda: Caprellidea. Light's Manual: Intertidal Invertebrates of the Central California Coast. R. I. Smith and J. T. Carlton, University of California Press. (1975). Phylum Arthropoda: Crustacea, Amphipoda: Gammaridea. Light's Manual: Intertidal Invertebrates of the Central California Coast. R. I. Smith and J. T. Carlton, University of California Press. (1981). Stomatopods. FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Eastern Central Atlantic; fishing areas 34,47 (in part).Canada Funds-in Trust. Ottawa, Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, by arrangement with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, vols. 1-7. W. Fischer, G. Bianchi and W. B. Scott. (1984). Taxonomic guide to the polychaetes of the northern Gulf of Mexico. Volume II. Final report to the Minerals Management Service. J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson. Mobile, AL, Barry A. Vittor & Associates, Inc. (1984). Taxonomic guide to the polychaetes of the northern Gulf of Mexico. Volume III. Final report to the Minerals Management Service. J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson. Mobile, AL, Barry A. Vittor & Associates, Inc. (1984). Taxonomic guide to the polychaetes of the northern Gulf of Mexico.
    [Show full text]
  • Oxygen and Evolutionary Patterns in the Sea: Onshore/Offshore Trends
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 95, pp. 9396–9401, August 1998 Evolution Oxygen and evolutionary patterns in the sea: Onshoreyoffshore trends and recent recruitment of deep-sea faunas DAVID K. JACOBS*† AND DAVID R. LINDBERG‡ *Department of Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1606; and ‡Department of Integrative Biology and Museum of Paleontology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-4780 Communicated by Stephen M. Stanley, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, June 1, 1998 (received for review April 15, 1997) ABSTRACT Over the last 15 years a striking pattern of In this paper we argue (i) that a component of the post- diversification has been documented in the fossil record of Paleozoic onshoreyoffshore evolutionary pattern (3–7) re- benthic marine invertebrates. Higher taxa (orders) tend to sulted from the preferential influence of anoxicydysoxic bot- originate onshore, diversify offshore, and retreat into deep- tom conditions (aydbc) on offshore faunas; (ii) that aydbc were water environments. Previous studies attribute this macro- prevalent in the offshore in the Mesozoic before the Late evolutionary pattern to a variety of causes, foremost among Cretaceous and declined thereafter; and (iii) as a consequence them the role of nearshore disturbance in providing oppor- of this quantitative change in aydbc over time, the influence of tunities for the evolution of novel forms accorded ordinal aydbc on evolutionary patterns can be subjected to a simple rank. Our analysis of the post-Paleozoic record of ordinal first statistical test using the data of Jablonski and Bottjer (6). This appearances indicates that the onshore preference of ordinal statistical argument is a first-order analysis at a coarse scale of origination occurred only in the Mesozoic prior to the Turo- temporal resolution.
    [Show full text]
  • Echinodermata: Crinoidea) Kristian Taylor Nova Southeastern University
    Nova Southeastern University NSUWorks Theses and Dissertations HCNSO Student Work 8-26-2015 A Phylogenetic Revision of Superfamily Himerometroidea (Echinodermata: Crinoidea) Kristian Taylor Nova Southeastern University This document is a product of extensive research conducted at the Nova Southeastern University Halmos College of Natural Sciences and Oceanography. For more information on research and degree programs at the NSU Halmos College of Natural Sciences and Oceanography, please click here. Follow this and additional works at: http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd Part of the Marine Biology Commons, and the Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology Commons Share Feedback About This Item NSUWorks Citation Kristian Taylor. 2015. A Phylogenetic Revision of Superfamily Himerometroidea (Echinodermata: Crinoidea). Doctoral dissertation. Nova Southeastern University. Retrieved from NSUWorks, . (389) http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/389. This Dissertation is brought to you by the HCNSO Student Work at NSUWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of NSUWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic Center A Phylogenetic Revision of Superfamily Himerometroidea (Echinodermata: Crinoidea) By Kristian Taylor Submitted to the Faculty of Nova Southeastern University Halmos College of Natural Sciences and Oceanography in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctorate of Philosophy Nova Southeastern
    [Show full text]
  • Crinoid Phylogeny: a Preliminary Analysis (Echinodermata: Crinoidea)
    Cohen, B. L. and Ameziane, N. and Eleaume, M. and De Forges, B. R. (2004) Crinoid phylogeny: a preliminary analysis (Echinodermata: Crinoidea). Marine Biology 144(3):pp. 605-617. http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/2938/ Glasgow ePrints Service http://eprints.gla.ac.uk Marine Biology (2004) 144: 605-617 Crinoid Phylogeny: a Preliminary Analysis (Echinodermata: Crinoidea) BERNARD L. COHEN1*, NADIA AMÉZIANE2, MARC ELEAUME2, AND BERTRAND RICHER DE FORGES3 1 University of Glasgow, IBLS Division of Molecular Genetics, Pontecorvo Building, 56 Dumbarton Rd., Glasgow, G11 6NU, UK. e-mail: [email protected] * corresponding author 2 Département des Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, UMR 5178 CNRS BOME "Biologie des Organismes Marins et Ecologie", 55 rue Buffon, F75005 Paris, France. 3 Institut de Recherche et Développement, BP A5, 98848 Nouméa, New Caledonia. Abstract We describe the first molecular and morphological analysis of extant crinoid high- level inter-relationships. Nuclear and mitochondrial gene sequences and a cladistically coded matrix of 30 morphological characters are presented, and analysed by phylogenetic methods. The molecular data were compiled from concatenated nuclear-encoded 18S rDNA, internal transcribed spacer 1, 5.8S rDNA, and internal transcribed spacer 2, together with part of mitochondrial 16S rDNA, and comprised 3593 sites, of which 313 were parsimony- informative. The molecular and morphological analyses include data from the bourgueticrinid, Bathycrinus; the antedonid comatulids, Dorometra and Florometra; the cyrtocrinids Cyathidium, Gymnocrinus, and Holopus; the isocrinids Endoxocrinus, and two species of Metacrinus; as well as from Guillecrinus and Caledonicrinus, whose ordinal relationships are uncertain, together with morphological data from Proisocrinus.
    [Show full text]
  • Checklist of the Echinoderms of British Columbia (April 2007) by Philip
    Checklist of the Echinoderms of British Columbia (April 2007) by Philip Lambert, Curator Emeritus of Invertebrates Royal British Columbia Museum [email protected] This checklist is based on the information contained in three echinoderm books on Sea Stars, Sea Cucumbers and Brittle Stars (Lambert 1997, 2000; and Lambert and Austin 2007) as well as on unpublished data from the collections of the Royal BC Museum and from Dr. Bill Austin. Many references in the primary literature were consulted for distribution, and the classifications are based in part on the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology (Moore 1966); Austin (1985); crinoid monograph by A.H. Clark (1907 to 1967); asteroids by Fisher (1911 to 1930) and Smith Paterson and Lafay (1995) for ophiuroids. This is a work in progress as we process the deep water collections that Fisheries and Oceans Canada has collected over the last 6 years. Several new species have been recorded for BC and more are expected. Species in bold occur in less than 200 metres in BC. The stated depth range refers to the entire geographic range of the species. Species not yet recorded in BC but occurring nearby to the north and south of BC have been included in the list with *. CLASS CRINOIDEA (7 species in BC) Sea Lilies and Feather Stars Depth (metres) Order Hyocrinida Family Hyocrinidae 1. Ptilocrinus pinnatus A.H. Clark, 1907 Five-Armed Sea Lily 2904 Order Bourgueticrinida Family Bathycrinidae 2. Bathycrinus pacificus A.H. Clark, 1907 Ten-armed Abyssal Sea Lily 1655 Order Comatulida Family Pentametrocrinidae 3. Pentametrocrinus cf. varians (P.H.
    [Show full text]
  • Hirsutocrinus Duplex, a New Genus and Species of Sea Lilies (Crinoidea, Comatulida, Bathycrinidae) from the Western North Pacific
    Species Diversity 26: 101–110 Published online 22 March 2021 DOI: 10.12782/specdiv.26.101 Hirsutocrinus duplex, a New Genus and Species of Sea Lilies (Crinoidea, Comatulida, Bathycrinidae) from the Western North Pacific Alexandr N. Mironov1 and Toshihiko Fujita2,3 1 Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 36, Nakhimovskiy Prospekt, Moscow 117997, Russia 2 National Museum of Nature and Science, Amakubo 4-1-1, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-0005, Japan E-mail: [email protected] 3 Corresponding author (Received 4 September 2020; Accepted 6 February 2021) http://zoobank.org/D34C3DD4-97A4-41CE-8208-D6A403C146DF Hirsutocrinus duplex, a new genus and new species of the Bathycrinidae, collected from Okinawa, Japan at a depth of 596–606 m, is described. The main diagnostic characters of the new genus are the presence of side plates in pinnules and of knobby processes on Brs 1–2. Knobby processes on secundibrachials are found for the first time. Monachocrinus A. H. Clark, 1913 shares side plates with Hirsutocrinus. It differs from the new genus in having knobby processes on IBrs 1, parallel ridges on the articular surface of knobby processes, proximal and distal arm pattern a b+c d+e f, saccules, in lack- ing knobby processes on IBrs 2 and Brs 1–2, pinnule on every second Br, x-shaped tube-feet plates, needle-like spines on external surface of IBrs and Brs. The cover and side plates are similar to each other in Monachocrinus, and quite different in Hirsutocrinus. Hirsutocrinus duplex is the shallowest species in the abyssal family Bathycrinidae usually known from 1100 to 9735 m.
    [Show full text]
  • Classification of Echinoderms
    CLASSIFICATION OF ECHINODERMS The members of the phylum Echinodermata are known to mankind since ancient times. Echinoderms were first given the status of a distinct group by Bruguiere in 1791. Echinoderms are bilaterally symmetrical (in larval stage) or pentamerous radially symmetrical (in adults) having mesodermal calcareous ossicles as exoskeleton, enterocoelom, water-vascular system and without distinct head. But H. B. Fell (1948, 1965), the authority on echinoderm taxonomy of Harvard University, USA, rejected the older classification as it was an artificial one because it was on the basis of mode of existence. The scheme of classification presented in this book (4th ed.), largely based on the classification plan outlined by Edward E. Ruppert and Robert D. Barnes (1994, 6th ed.). Classification with Characters: A. Subphylum Homalozoa (Mid- Cambrian —Devonian): Features: 1. Extinct, irregular, palaeozoic. 2. Carpoids (resembling crinoids but laterally compressed giving the evidence of a bilateral symmetry). Example: Enoploura. B. Subphylum Crinozoa: Features: 1. Radially symmetrical echinoderms with a globoid or cup-shaped theca and brachioles or arms. 2. Mostly attached, with oral surface directed upward. This subphylum includes the fossil eocrinoids, cystoids and the fossil and living crinoids. 1. Class Eocrinoidea (Early Cambrian to Ordovician): Features: 1. The oldest extinct crinoids. 2. They were stalked or stalk-less, with an enclosed theca. 3. The upper or oral end contained five ambulacra and five to many brachioles. Example: Mimocystites. 2. Class Cystidea (Ordovician—Silurian): Features: 1. The well-known group of extinct echinoderms. 2. They have vase-like bodies which remain fixed with the substratum directly or through a stalk.
    [Show full text]
  • Zootaxa,Phylum Echinodermata
    Zootaxa 1668: 749–764 (2007) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2007 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Phylum Echinodermata* DAVID L. PAWSON National Museum of Natural History, Mail Stop MRC163, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC 20013-7012, USA. E-mail: [email protected] *In: Zhang, Z.-Q. & Shear, W.A. (Eds) (2007) Linnaeus Tercentenary: Progress in Invertebrate Taxonomy. Zootaxa, 1668, 1–766. Table of contents Introduction . 749 Echinodermata as Deuterostomes . 750 Interrelationships among Classes. 751 Concentricycloids—enigmatic, or not? . 752 Class Asteroidea (sea stars, starfish) . 753 Extant asteroids . 753 Extinct asteroids . 754 Class Ophiuroidea (brittle stars, serpent stars, basket stars) . 754 Extant ophiuroids . 754 Extinct ophiuroids . 754 Class Echinoidea (sea urchins, sand dollars, heart urchins) . 755 Extant and fossil echinoids . 755 Class Holothuroidea (sea cucumbers, beche de mer) . 755 Extant holothuroids . 755 Extinct holothuroids . 756 Class Crinoidea (sea lilies, feather stars) . 756 Extant crinoids . 756 Extinct crinoids . 756 Other Extinct Classes of Echinoderms . 757 Some New Horizons . 758 Acknowledgements . 759 References . 759 “…this highly diverse, successful, and ancient phylum.” (Littlewood et al., 1997) Introduction The Phylum Echinodermata, comprising approximately 7,000 living species, and 13,000 fossil species, is epitomized by the familiar sea star, a universal symbol of the marine realm. This distinctive group of animals may be briefly defined as possessing a skeleton of calcium carbonate in the form of calcite; a unique water- vascular system which mediates feeding, locomotion, and other functions; and a more or less conspicuous five-part radial symmetry. A closer look at some extant echinoderms will show that some taxa of sea cucum- Accepted by Z.-Q.
    [Show full text]
  • Invert5 2 133 153 Mironov.P65
    Invertebrate Zoology, 2008, 5(2): 133153 © INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY, 2008 Stalked crinoids of the family Bathycrinidae (Echinodermata) from the eastern Pacific A.N. Mironov P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nakhimovskyi Prospekt 36, Moscow 117997, Russia. e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT: Three crinoid species of the family Bathycrinidae have been found in the Eastern Pacific; depths from 4130 to 6240 m. The species Bathycrinus complanathus was known previously only from northwestern Pacific. A new genus and two new species, Discolocrinus thieli gen. et sp.n. and Bathycrinus mendeleevi sp.n., are described. Six types of pinnule structure are distinguished within the living ten-armed crinoids of the order Bourgueticrinida. One of these types is represented in the Discolocrinus only. KEY WORDS: Discolocrinus, Bathycrinidae, Bourgueticrinida, Crinoidea, East Pacific, deep-sea fauna, comparative morphological analysis. Ñòåáåëü÷àòûå ìîðñêèå ëèëèè ñåìåéñòâà Bathycrinidae (Echinodermata) èç âîñòî÷íîé ÷àñòè Òèõîãî îêåàíà À.Í. Ìèðîíîâ Èíñòèòóò îêåàíîëîãèè èì. Ï.Ï. Øèðøîâà ÐÀÍ, Íàõèìîâñêèé ïðîñïåêò 36, Ìîñêâà, 117997, Ðîññèÿ. e-mail: [email protected] ÐÅÇÞÌÅ: Òðè âèäà ìîðñêèõ ëèëèé ñåìåéñòâà Bathycrinidae îáíàðóæåíû â âîñòî÷- íîé ÷àñòè Òèõîãî îêåàíà; ãëóáèíû îò 4130 äî 6240 ì. Bathycrinus complanathus ðàíåå áûë èçâåñòåí ëèøü â ñåâåðî-çàïàäíîé ÷àñòè Òèõîãî îêåàíà. Îïèñàíû Discolocrinus thieli gen. et sp.n. è Bathycrinus mendeleevi sp.n. Ïèííóëû ñîâðåìåííûõ äåñÿòèðóêèõ ìîðñêèõ ëèëèé îòðÿäà Bourgueticrinida ïî ïðèçíàêàì ñâîåãî ñòðîåíèÿ îòíåñåíû ê øåñòè òèïàì. Îäèí èç ýòèõ òèïîâ ïðåäñòàâëåí òîëüêî ó Discolocrinus. ÊËÞ×ÅÂÛÅ ÑËÎÂÀ: Discolocrinus, Bathycrinidae, Bourgueticrinida, Crinoidea, Âîñ- òî÷íàÿ Ïàöèôèêà, ãëóáîêîâîäíàÿ ìîðñêàÿ ôàóíà, ñðàâíèòåëüíî-ìîðôîëîãè÷åñêèé àíàëèç. Printed in 2009 134 A.N.
    [Show full text]