Sir Steven Runciman's History of the Crusades

Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-40589-9 - Byzantine Style, Religion and Civilization: In Honour of Sir Steven Runciman Elizabeth Jeffreys Frontmatter More information

Sir Steven Runciman’s History of the Crusades (1951–4) remains widely read and inﬂuential to this day but represents only a part of his wide-ranging, erudite and immensely readable literary output. His early work focused on Byzantium in the tenth century (The Emperor Romanus Lecapenus) and the history of the ﬁrst Bulgarian empire. Later he wrote with authority on ecclesiastical relations between the Eastern and Western Churches (The Eastern Schism), and more generally on Byzantine culture (Byzantine Style and Civilization), with forays into medieval diplomacy (The Sicilian Vespers) and British colonial society (The White Rajahs). With a diplomatic past which informed his work, he was the doyen of Byzantine studies in Britain. This volume of essays on topics relevant to Sir Steven’s interests, long planned in his honour by British Byzantinists of all generations, includes a memoir of his life and a full bibliography of his writings.

elizabeth jeffreys is Bywater and Sotheby Professor of Byzan- tine and Modern Greek Language and Literature in the University of Oxford, and Fellow of Exeter College; she has published extensively on topics in Byzantine literature.

© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-40589-9 - Byzantine Style, Religion and Civilization: In Honour of Sir Steven Runciman Elizabeth Jeffreys Frontmatter More information

Byzantine Style, Religion and Civilization

In Honour of Sir Steven Runciman

elizabeth jeffreys

cambridge university press Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo, Delhi, Mexico City

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Contents

List of ﬁgures page viii List of contributors xiii Acknowledgements xvii List of abbreviations xviii Bibliography of Sir Steven Runciman’s works xx

James Cochran Stevenson Runciman xxxix anthony bryer

PART I STYLE

1TheChristian Topography (Vat. gr. 699) revisited: image, text, and conﬂict in ninth-century Byzantium 3 leslie brubaker

2 Byzantine enamels in the twentieth century 25 david buckton

3 The rise and fall of towns, loci of maritime trafﬁc, and silk production: the problem of Thisvi–Kastorion 38 archibald dunn

4 Women in Serbian politics, diplomacy and art at the beginning of Ottoman rule 72 zaga gavrilovic´

5 Byzantium–Venice–Manchester: an early thirteenth-century carved marble basin and British Byzantinism at the turn of the twentieth century 91 lucy-anne hunt

6 Manners maketh Romans? Young barbarians at the emperor’s court 135 jonathan shepard

vi Contents

7 Byzantine and crusader art: Sir Steven was right 159 d. c. winfield

PART II RELIGION

8 The discovery of the relics of St Grigor and the development of Armenian tradition in ninth-century Byzantium 177 timothy greenwood

9 The image of Edessa: some notes on its later fortunes 192 paul hetherington

10 Photios as a theologian 206 andrew louth

11 Magic at the crossroads in the sixth century 224 j. nimmo-smith

12 ‘The Angelic Life’: monasteries for eunuchs 238 shaun tougher

13 Armed pilgrimage and the reign of the anti-Christ: Steven Runciman and the origins of the First Crusade 253 f. r. trombley

PART III CIVILIZATION

14 Wine for immortality and immortality for wine: reﬂections on the Dionysiaca of Nonnos of Panopolis 275 david frendo

15 ‘Greek Fire’ revisited: recent and current research 290 john haldon

16 Constantinople in the reign of Basil II 326 catherine holmes

17 A short piece of narrative history: war and diplomacy in the Balkans, winter 921/2–spring 924 340 j. d. howard-johnston

18 Restoration of Orthodoxy, the pardon of Theophilos and the Acta Davidis, Symeonis et Georgii 361 patricia karlin-hayter

Contents vii

19 Freestanding towers in the countryside of Rhodes 374 p. w. lock

20 The Campanopetra reconsidered: the pilgrimage church of the Apostle Barnabas? 394 a. h. s. megaw

21 The travels of Paul Lucas 405 lyn rodley

22 Aristocrats and aliens in early Byzantine Constantinople 413 peter sarris

Index 428

Figures

1.1 The world in the shape of the tabernacle: Vat. gr. 699, f. 39r page 6 1.2 The tabernacle in its precinct: Vat. gr. 699, f. 46v 10 1.3 The shewbread table and seven-branched candlestick: Laur. plut. 9.28, f. 111v 10 1.4 The ark of the covenant with the high priests: Vat. gr. 699, f. 48r 12 1.5 The covered tabernacle in its court: Vat. gr. 699, f. 49r 13 1.6 The vestments of the high priest: Vat. gr. 699, f. 50r 14 1.7 The tabernacle in its court: Mount Athos, Pantokrator 61, f. 165r 15 1.8 Christ and the witnesses to his incarnation: Vat. gr. 699, f. 76r 18 3.1 Western Boeotia (Late Roman) 43 3.2 Western Boeotia (medieval) 52 4.1 Rachel’s lament: fresco at Markov Manastir (1376-7) (Photo: A. Gavrilovic)´ 73 4.2 Ljubostinja, Church of the Dormition (Photo: Institute for the Protection of Historical Monuments of Serbia, Belgrade) 75 4.3 Ljubostinja, narthex: Prince Lazar and Princess Milica (Photo: Institute for the Protection of Historical Monuments of Serbia, Belgrade) 76 4.4 Ljubostinja, narthex: Princess Milica, detail (Photo: Institute for the Protection of Historical Monuments of Serbia, Belgrade) 77 4.5 Jefimija’s enkolpion-diptych (Monastery of Hilandar, Mount Athos) (Photo: G. Subotic)´ 78 4.6 Jefimija’s katapetasma (Monastery of Hilandar, Mount Athos) (After D. Bogdanovic,´ V. J. Djuric,´ D. Medakovic,´ Hilandar, Belgrade, 1978) 79 4.7 Jefimija’s pokrov (Museum of the Serbian Orthodox Church, Belgrade) (Photo: G. Subotic)´ 80 4.8 Churches of the Mother of God and of St George on the island of Gorica, Lake of Skadar (Photo: V. J. Djuric,´ Institute for the History of Art, Faculty of Philosophy, Belgrade) 82

List of ﬁgures ix

4.9a–b Group portrait of Despot Djuradj Brankovic´ and his family on his chrysobull to the Monastery of Esphigmenou, 1429 (details) (Photo: G. Subotic).´ Mara is on the far right of a; Kantakuzina is in the centre of b. 84 4.10 Embroidered mitre (Museum of the Serbian Orthodox Church, Belgrade) (Photo: G. Subotic)´ 85 5.1 Manchester College of Art, sculpted basin, state before c. 1997 (Photo: C The Manchester Metropolitan University) 94 5.2 Manchester College of Art, sculpted basin, drawing (1903) (After: A Descriptive Catalogue of the Arts and Crafts Museum, Manchester Municipal School of Art (1903), Plate 26) 95 5.3 Manchester College of Art, sculpted basin (2001), front and right side (Photo: S. Yates C The Manchester Metropolitan University) 95 5.4 Manchester College of Art, sculpted basin, interior, from above (Photo: S. Yates C The Manchester Metropolitan University) 96 5.5 Manchester College of Art, sculpted basin, front (Photo: S. Yates C The Manchester Metropolitan University) 96 5.6 Manchester College of Art, sculpted basin, front, detail of lion’s head (Photo: S. Yates C The Manchester Metropolitan University) 97 5.7 Manchester College of Art, sculpted basin, back (Photo: S. Yates C The Manchester Metropolitan University) 97 5.8 Manchester College of Art. Sculpted Basin, detail, top left of back (Photo: S. Yates C The Manchester Metropolitan University) 98 5.9 Manchester College of Art Collection, view across left end (Photo: S. Yates C The Manchester Metropolitan University) 98 5.10 Manchester College of Art, sculpted basin, right end (Photo: S. Yates C The Manchester Metropolitan University) 99 5.11 Manchester College of Art, sculpted basin, lower centre right end, detail (Photo: S. Yates C The Manchester Metropolitan University) 99 5.12 Manchester College of Art Collection, former arch supports and colonnettes (Photo: S. Yates C The Manchester Metropolitan University) 100

x List of ﬁgures

5.13 Manchester College of Art Collection, former arched support of front (Photo: S. Yates C The Manchester Metropolitan University) 100 5.14 Manchester College of Art Collection, former end support, with plaster packing (Photo: S. Yates C The Manchester Metropolitan University) 101 5.15 Manchester College of Art Collection, former colonnettes (Photo: S. Yates C The Manchester Metropolitan University) 101 5.16 Manchester College of Art Collection, base of ensemble (Photo: S. Yates C The Manchester Metropolitan University) 102 5.17 Manchester College of Art, Gothic Court, Grosvenor Building, c. 1900, view to east (Photo: C The Manchester Metropolitan University) 103 5.18 Manchester College of Art, view westwards from the Textile Court into the Gothic Court, Grosvenor Building, c. 1900 (Photo: C The Manchester Metropolitan University) 104 5.19 Manchester College of Art, students working in the Tapestry Hall, Grosvenor Building, c. 1900 (Photo: C The Manchester Metropolitan University) 107 5.20 Venice, San Marco, sculpted panel from south balustrade of upper gallery, west arm (Photo: after A. Colosanti with C. Ricci, L’arte bizantina in Italia (Milan, c. 1912), tav. 82(2)) 108 5.21 Venice, San Marco, sculpted panel from south balustrade of upper gallery, west arm (Photo: after Colosanti, L’arte bizantina, tav. 84 (1)) 108 5.22 Venice, San Marco, sculpted panel, wall of ramp leading to south ambo (Photo: after Colosanti, L’arte bizantina, tav. 86 (2)) 109 5.23 Torcello Cathedral, bas relief from west side of choir screen (south end) (Photo: after Colosanti, L’arte bizantina, tav. 85 (2)) 110 5.24 Torcello Cathedral, bas relief from south side of choir screen (facing altar) (Photo: after Colosanti, L’arte bizantina, tav. 85 (1)) 110 5.25 Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Museum, casket no. M.18–1904 (Photo: courtesy of the Fitzwilliam Museum) 112 5.26 Venice, San Marco, sculpted panel with rosette within interlace motif, exterior, south wall of treasury (Photo: L.-A. Hunt) 112

List of ﬁgures xi

5.27 Venice, San Marco, north façade, roundel of eagle attacking animal (Photo: L.-A. Hunt) 113 5.28 London, Victoria and Albert Museum (no. A.35–1931), relief from Venice (Photo: courtesy of the Victoria and Albert Museum, London) 114 5.29 Venice, Corte Seconda del Milion, sculpted archway, left side (Photo: L.-A. Hunt) 115 5.30 Berlin, Museum fur¨ Spatantike¨ und Byzantinische Kunst, Kat./Inv. – nr. 24 (Photo: Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz, Berlin) 117 7.1 Ankara, Ancyra: general view of the walls of the Middle Byzantine hilltop town. The citadel is to the left. 161 7.2 Ankara, Ancyra: the prow-shaped towers of the Middle Byzantine town. Prow towers are a typical feature of Middle Byzantine fortification, in this case reusing classical masonry from the city in the plain. 162 7.3 S¸ebinkarahisar, Koloneia, NE Turkey. A Middle Byzantine hilltop castle that was possibly the headquarters of a theme. 163 9.1 The Châsse in the Sainte-Chapelle after the engraving in Morand, Histoire. The ringed items indicate the reliquaries of the mandylion (no. 18) and of a piece of the Holy Sepulchre (no. 19); the original engraving measures 22.6 × 15.6 cm. 201 15.1 Schematic side elevation of the apparatus 300 15.2 Method of sealing joints and joining sections of pipes 301 15.3 Multi-directional/universal swivel apparatus 302 15.4 Valves 304 15.5 The Caucasus region 306 15.6 Taman and Maikop 307 15.7 Georgia 308 15.8 Boat burning in Malta 312 15.9 Boat burning in Malta 312 19.1 Freestanding towers in Rhodes 375 19.2 Glyfada, looking south 382 19.3 Kritikou, plan 383 19.4 Kritikou, looking east 384 19.5 Phourni, looking west 386 19.6 Pirgos (Palati), looking north-west 387 20.1 Campanopetra: the Basilica (restored plan, after Roux) Scale 1:500 395

xii List of ﬁgures

20.2 Campanopetra: the west court (restored plan, after Roux) Scale 1:500 395 20.3 Campanopetra: the east court (restored plan – after Roux) Scale 1:500 396 20.4 The Church of the Apostle Barnabas. Scale 1:400 396 20.5 Half-capital from the Campanopetra (after Roux) 397 20.6 Campanopetra: the ‘Impregnator’ (after Roux) 398 20.7 The Church of the Apostle Barnabas, from the north 402 20.8 The Campanopetra from the atrium, looking east (after Roux) 402 21.1 Gerbil (Voyage dans la Gr`ece, vol. 2, p. 74) 409 21.2 Pyramids near Urg¨ up¨ (Voyage dans la Gr`ece, vol. 1, p. 74) 410

Contributors

Anthony Bryer ﬁrst met Steven Runciman in the House by Herod’s Gate in Jerusalem in 1942. He is now emeritus Professor of Byzantine Studies in the University of Birmingham. Leslie Brubaker is Professor of Byzantine Art at Birmingham University. Her publications include Vision and Meaning in Ninth-century Byzantium (Cambridge,1999)andByzantiumintheIconoclastEra(c.680–850):ahistory (Cambridge, 2005). David Buckton studied art history at the University of East Anglia, gradu- ating in 1975, and at the Courtauld Institute, University of London. From 1978 to 2000 he was curator of the Early Christian and Byzantine collections at the British Museum, in addition to Carolingian, Ottonian, Salian and Eastern Orthodox art. From 1983 to 2000 he was also responsible for the National Icon Collection.

Archie Dunn isaResearchFellowintheInstituteofArchaeologyandAntiq- uity at Birmingham University. He specializes in the history and archaeology of Late Antique and Byzantine Greece and Cyprus, and in Byzantine sigillography. David Frendo graduated in classics from University College London in 1963 and studied for a PhD under Robert Browning, which he was awarded in 1968. He was Lecturer in Classics at the Royal University of Malta from 1965 to 1969 and Statutory Lecturer in Ancient Classics at University College Cork until 1997. His research interests are in the ﬁelds of early Byzantine poetry and Late Antique and early Byzantine history, especially Byzantine– Sasanian relations. Zaga Gavrilovic´ studied art history in the University of Belgrade and sub- sequently in Paris. Since 1980 she has been associated with the Centre for Byzantine, Ottoman and Modern Greek Studies in the University of Birm- ingham, as an Honorary Fellow of the Institute for Advanced Research in the Humanities; from 2002 she has also been an associate member of the Institute for Medieval Studies in the University of Nottingham. In 2003

xiv List of contributors

she was elected a member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts in Belgrade.

Timothy Greenwood’s research is focused on the Armenian contribution to Byzantine society. After holding post-doctoral fellowships at the Univer- sity of Oxford he is now Lecturer in Byzantine History at the University of St Andrews. John Haldon is Professor of Byzantine History at Princeton University. His research focuses on the history of the early and middle Byzantine empire, in particular in the period from the sixth to the eleventh centuries, on state systems and structures across the European and Islamic worlds from Late Antique to early modern times and on the production, distribution and consumption of resources in the late Roman and medieval world, especially in the context of warfare. He has published many books and articles, including Byzantium in the Seventh Century (Cambridge, 1997), Warfare, State and Society in the Byzantine World (London, 1999), Byzantium: a history (Stroud, 2000), and The Palgrave Atlas of Byzantine History (London, 2005). Paul Hetherington studied art history at the Courtauld Institute, London, taking his ﬁrst degree there in 1962 as well as his PhD in 1968. His publications include a translation and commentary on The Painter’s Manual of Dionysius of Fourna (London, 1974), two guide books to the Byzantine buildings of mainland Greece and of the Greek Islands, and a number of articles on Byzantine enamel. Catherine Holmes is a tutor and University Lecturer in Medieval History at University College, Oxford. Her publications include Basil II and the Governance of Empire (976–1025) (Oxford, 2005). James Howard-Johnston is University Lecturer in Byzantine Studies in the University of Oxford. His main research interests lie currently in international relations at the end of Antiquity and in the early Middle Ages. Lucy-Anne Hunt is Professor and Head of the School of History of Art and Design at Manchester Metropolitan University. She is the author of Byzantium, Eastern Christendom and Islam: art at the crossroads of the medieval Mediterranean, 2 vols. (London, 1998 and 2000) and The Min- gana and Related Collections: a survey of illustrated Arabic, Greek, Eastern Christian, Persian and Turkish manuscripts in the Selly Oak Colleges, Birm- ingham (Birmingham, 1997). Her present interests and publications focus

List of contributors xv

on cross-cultural analysis between Byzantine and Islamic, and Christian and Muslim art and culture in the Middle Ages through study of Byzantine, Eastern Christian and ‘Crusader’ art, as well as East–West cultural relations in the Middle Ages.

Patricia Karlin-Hayter was educated in Bordeaux and Birmingham; she was assistant to Henri Gregoire,´ and has edited the Vita Euthymii. She is the author of many articles on Byzantine peasant society, monasticism, tenth- century intellectual history, circus factions, iconoclasm and hagiography. She is currently working on a book on iconoclasm. Peter Lock is Professor of History at York St John University College, York. He is co-editor with Guy Sanders of The Archaeology of Medieval Greece (Oxford, 1996) and author of The Franks in the Aegean (London, 1995) and the Routledge Companion to the Crusades (London, 2006). He is currently translating the crusade works of Marino Sanudo Torsello for Ashgate Crusader Texts in Translation. Andrew Louth is Professor of Patristic and Byzantine Studies in the Univer- sityofDurhamandtheauthorofseveralbooks,includingStJohnDamascene: Tradition and Originality in Byzantine Theology (Oxford, 2002). A. H. S. Megaw was for many years Director of Antiquities, Cyprus. Jennifer Nimmo Smith is a post-doctoral scholar with a long-standing honorary link with the School of History and Classics at the University of Edinburgh, where she tutors part-time in Greek. Her translation of the Pseudo-Nonnos Commentaries on Sermons 4, 5, 39, and 43 by Gregory of Nazianzos was published as A Christian’s Guide to Greek Culture (Liverpool, 2001). Lyn Rodley is the author of Byzantine Art and Architecture (Cambridge, 1994); she teaches for the Open University and Morley College in London. She is currently Helen Waddell Visiting Professor at Queen’s University Belfast in the Institute of Byzantine Studies. Peter Sarris is University Lecturer in Medieval History in the University of Cambridge and a Fellow of Trinity College. He is author of Economy and Society in the Age of Justinian (Cambridge, 2006). Jonathan Shepard was for many years University Lecturer in Russian His- tory at the University of Cambridge. He was co-editor, with Simon Franklin, of Byzantine Diplomacy (Aldershot, 1992) and is editor of the Cambridge History of the Byzantine Empire (Cambridge, forthcoming).

xvi List of contributors

Shaun Tougher is Lecturer in Ancient History in the Cardiff School of HistoryandArchaeologyatCardiffUniversity,andhasalsotaughtatQueen’s University Belfast and the University of St Andrews. He specializes in late Roman and Byzantine history, and has written several articles on subjects such as eunuchs, Julian the Apostate and Leo VI. He is the author ofThe Reign of Leo VI (886–912) (Leiden, 1997) and the editor of Eunuchs in Antiquity and Beyond (London, 2002). He is currently preparing a monograph on Byzantine eunuchs. Frank Trombley is Reader in Byzantine and Early Islamic History at Cardiff University and author of Hellenic Religion and Christianization c. 370–529 ad (Leiden, 1993–4); he collaborated with John W. Watt in the translation and commentary The Chronicle of Pseudo-Joshua the Stylite (Liverpool, 2000). He is currently working on a book entitled War in Byzantine Culture and Society. His various articles deal with such subjects as the impact of endemic war on Byzantine culture and society, Greek and Arabic epigraphy in the villages of Syria, and towns and their rural territories in early medieval Greece and Asia Minor. David Winﬁeld divided his career between Byzantine studies, about which he has written extensively, and conservation work, for which he was awarded an MBE in 1973. He was the ﬁrst Surveyor of Conservation to the National Trust.

Acknowledgements

This book has been far too long in the making, for which the final editor offers her share of the apologies. It had its origins in the wish to honour Sir Steven on the occasion of his ninetieth birthday, when a small conference was held in Glenesk in Scotland. The contributors and their themes have evolved over the intervening years, and alas, Sir Steven is no longer with us to receive his volume. It is offered as a modest memorial to the wide range of interests of that most courteous and accomplished of historians: the book’s title is intended to reflect those interests. The contributors span the generations of British Byzantinists, from those who had known him throughout their academic lives to more recent entrants to the field, who came to appreciate his role as President of the Society for the Promotion of Byzantine Studies. Thanks are due to Michael Angold for initiating this enterprise, to the British Academy for permission to reproduce Anthony Bryer’s memoir of Sir Steven, and to William Davis and Michael Sharp at Cambridge University Press for their patience and helpfulness. But especial thanks are due to Ann Shukman for her support throughout the preparation of this book, and most particularly for her vital role in the compilation of the bibliography of Sir Steven’s writings.

Abbreviations

Classical authors are cited as in LSJ.

AASS Acta Sanctorum AB Analecta Bollandiana AJA American Journal of Archaeology B.A.R.i.s. British Archaeological Reports, International Series BF Byzantinische Forschungen BHG Biblioteca Hagiographica Graeca BMGS Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies BSA Annual of the British School at Athens BZ Byzantinische Zeitschrift CA Cahiers arch´eologiques DOP Dumbarton Oaks Papers CR Classical Review EEBS EHR English Historical Review GRBS Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies JHS Journal of Hellenic Studies JOB Jahrbuch derosterreichischen ¨ Byzantinistik JOBG Jahrbuch derosterreichischen ¨ byzantinischen Gesellschaft JRS Journal of Roman Studies JWAG Journal of the Walters Art Gallery Lampe G. W. H. Lampe, A Patristic Greek Lexikon (Oxford, 1961–8) LBG E. Trapp, ed., Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gr¨azitat besonders des 9.–12. Jahrhunderts (Vienna, 1994–) LSJ H. S. Jones, H. G. Liddell and R. Scott, eds., revised P. Glare, A Greek–English Lexikon (Oxford, 1996) MA Medium Aevum MGH Monumenta Germaniae Historica

List of abbreviations xix

MGH, ScripRerMer Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores Rerum Merovingicarum MGH, AA Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Auctores Antiquissimi ODB A. Kazhdan and others, eds., Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium (New York and Oxford, 1991) PBE J. R. Martindale, ed., Prosopography of the Byzantine Empire, 641–876 [CD-rom] (London, 1999) PG Patrologia Graeca PGM Papyri Graecae Magicae, ed. K. Preisendanz, 2 vols. (Leipzig, 1928–31) PLRE I A. H. M. Jones, J. R. Martindale, and J. Morris, The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, vol. 1, ad 260–395 (Cambridge, 1971) PLRE II J. R. Martindale, ed., The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, vol. 2, ad 395–527 (Cambridge, 1980) PLRE III J. R. Martindale, ed., The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, vol. 3, ad 527–641 (Cambridge, 1992) PmbZ I R.-J. Lilie and others, eds., Prosopographie der mittelbyzantinischen Zeit, Erste Abteilung (641–867) (Berlin, 1999) PO Patrologia Orientalis PTS Patristische Texte und Studien RE Pauly-Wissowa, Real-Enkyklopedie REB Revue des études byzantines REG Revue des études grecques TM Travaux et mémoires TLS Times Literary Supplement VV Vizantiiskii Vremenik ZRVI Zbornik Radova Vizantoloskog Instituta

Note that the usual problems of consistent transliteration of Greek names are particularly acute when a book’s subject matter spans the centuries. Rather than descend into an abyss of pedantry, a certain inconsistency has been allowed, particularly over place names referring to places in present-day Greece.

Sir Steven Runciman: a bibliography

This bibliography has been largely compiled from the comprehensive collection of off-prints and other materials contained in Sir Steven’s own library; Judith Gilliland made sense of the piles of notes. Translations are listed under the original publication in chronological order, indicating language, title, publishing house, place, date.

1929

The Emperor Romanus Lecapenus and his Reign: a study of tenth-century Byzantium (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1929); reprinted 1963, 1969; pb 1988

1930

A History of the First Bulgarian Empire (G. Bell & Sons, London, 1930) (‘Dedicated by gracious permission to Boris III, Tsar of Bulgaria’) Translation: [Bulgarian] Istoriia na p‘rvoto b’lgarsko tsarstvo (IK ‘Ivan Vazov’/‘Siluet’ OOD, Soﬁa, 1993)

1929/31

‘Some remarks on the Image of Edessa’, Cambridge Historical Journal 3 (1929/31), pp. 238 f.

1933

Byzantine Civilization (E. Arnold & Co., London, 1933); reprinted four times; reprinted Meridian Books, New York 1956–60; reprinted Methuen, London, 1961 (University Paperbacks 35); reprinted Folio Society, London, 2004 (= G. Hen- derson, ed., The Age of Illumination, vol. 3, Byzantine Art and Civilisation), see 2004 Translations [French] La Civilisation byzantine (Payot, Paris, 1934) [Spanish] La civilizaci´on bizantina (Ediciones Pegaso, Madrid, 1942) [Italian] La civilta bizantina (Sansoni, Florence, 1960 (Le Piccole Storie Illustrate 40)

Sir Steven Runciman: a bibliography xxi

[German] Byzanz (Kindler Verlag, Munich, 1969; reprint 1976 (Kindlers Kulturgeschichte des Abendslandes in 22 Banden, Band VIII) [Greek] (Hermeias, Athens, 1969, 1983, 2004) [Portuguese] A civiliza¸c˜ao bizantina (Zahar Editores, Rio de Janeiro, 1977)

1934

Review: M. Spinka, A History of Christianity in the Balkans,inByzantion 9 (1934), pp. 466–7

1935

‘The Great Schism between the Orthodox and Catholic Churches’, Religion: The Journal of Transactions of the Society for Promoting the Study of Religion 11 (1935), pp. 21–34 ‘Charlemagne and Palestine’, EHR 50 (October 1935), pp. 606–19

1939

‘Bogomil and Jeremiah’, Bulletin de la Soci´et´e Historique Bulgare 16–17 (1939), pp. 379–83 (Recueil dedi´ e´ alam` emoire´ du Professeur Peter Nikov) Review: Stephen Gaselee, The Language of Diplomacy,inThe Cambridge Review (8 June 1939), pp. 485–6

1940

‘The Widow Danelis’, in Etudes´ dédiéesalam´ ` emoire d’André Andréadès (Athens, 1940), pp. 425–31

1942

‘The Byzantine contribution to our civilisation’, in Forum: The Jerusalem Radio Magazine (23 October 1942), p. 4

1943

‘Tarih Devirleri Boyunca Istanbul’, Yazan: Prof. Steven Runciman, Tarihten Sesler: Aylik Tarih Mecmuasi 1 (4) (15 Nisan [1943]), pp. 18–22 [in Turkish] ‘Orta çaglardaki˘ Bas¸larinda Avrupu ve Turkler’,¨ Türk Tarih Kurumu Basimevi 7 (25) (1943), pp. 43–57 Lecture: ‘Anadolu’nun Orta çaglardaki˘ Rolu’,¨ Türk Tarih Kurumu Basimevi 7 (27) (1943), pp. 549–56 (lecture given at conference on 23 May 1942, according to footnote)

xxii Sir Steven Runciman: a bibliography

1944

Lecture: ‘The Iranian inﬂuence on mediaeval European culture’ (British Council, Tehran), 13 pp. with translation into Persian (public lecture at the Anglo-Persian Institute, Tehran, 26 September 1944) ‘Konyayi ziyaret’ in Biz ve dunya (26 Haziran 1944), pp. 9, 14

1947

The Medieval Manichee: a study of the Christian dualist heresy (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1947); reprinted 1955; pb 1982 Translations [French] Le Manichéisme médiéval (Payot, Paris, 1949; reprinted 1972) [German] Häresie und Christentum: der mittelalterliche Manichaismus (Wilhelm Fink Verlag, Munich, 1988) [Spanish] Los Maniqueos de la edad media (Fondo de Cultura Economica,´ Mexico´ City, 1989) [Polish] Sredniowieczny´ Manicheizm (Wydawnictwo Marabut, Gdansk, 1996) ‘The diffusion of Greek culture VII. Byzantium and the East’, The Geographical Magazine 19 (9) (1947), pp. 410–20

1948

‘Impressions of Modern Greece’, United Empire 39 (2) (March/April 1948), pp.80ff. ‘The Byzantine “Protectorate” in the Holy Land in the XIth century’, Byzantion 18 (1948), pp. 207–15

1949

‘The First Crusaders’ journey across the Balkan peninsula’, Byzantion 19 (1949), pp. 207–21 (Actes du VIIe congrès des études byzantines, I) ‘Marcion’, The Cornhill Magazine 163 (1947/9), pp. 458–70 Review: N. H. Baynes, H. St. L. B. Moss, eds., Byzantium: an introduction to East Roman civilization,inTLS (26 February 1949) Review: E. C. Blackman, Marcion and his Influence,inTLS (17 June 1949)

1950

‘The Holy Lance found at Antioch’, AB 68 (1950), pp. 197–209 (M´elanges Paul Peeters) Lecture: ‘Life in Greece: a talk’, given on 11 November, 3 p.m., at British Council House, Liverpool, for Liverpool Greek ‘Week’, 9–21 November 1950

Sir Steven Runciman: a bibliography xxiii

1951

A History of the Crusades, vol. 1: The First Crusade and the Foundation of the Kingdom of Jerusalem (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1951); reprinted 1951, 1953, 1954, 1957, 1962, 1968, 1975; abridged edition 1980, 2005; pb Canto, 1992 Translations [Italian] La Prima Crociata (Edizione Piemmi, Casale Monferrato, 1996; pb 2001) [Polish] Pierwsza Krucjata (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie- Sklodowskiej, Lublin, 1998) ‘Byzantine and Hellene in the fourteenth century’, in G. Michaelides-Nouaros, , (1345–1945) ( , , Thesaloniki, 1952), pp. 27–31 ‘The Crusades of 1101’, JOBG 1 (1951), pp. 3–12 Review:S.G.F.Brandon,The Fall of Jerusalem and the Christian Church: a study of the effects of the Jewish overthrow of AD 70 on Christianity,inTLS (12 October 1951)

1952

A History of the Crusades, vol. 2: The Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Frankish East, 1100–1187 (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1952); reprinted 1954, 1957, 1962, 1968, 1979 ‘Byzantium and the East’,in M. Huxley, ed., The Root of Europe: studies in the diffusion of Greek culture (London, The Geographical Magazine, 1952), pp. 73–84 ‘Byzantine trade and industry’, in Cambridge Economic History of Europe, vol. 2: Trade and Industry in the Middle Ages, ed. M. M. Postan and E. Miller (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1952), revised and reprinted 1987 ‘The rise of Islam’, The Listener 48 (18 September 1952), pp. 463 ff. Review: J. M. Wallace-Hadrill, The Barbarian West, 400–1000,inTLS (27 June 1952) Review: C. H. Roberts and E. G. Turner, eds., Catalogue of the Greek and Latin Papyri in the John Rylands Library, Manchester, vol. 4, in TLS (18 July 1952) Review: G. S. Moncrieff, The Scottish Islands,inTLS (22 August 1952)

1953

‘ ’, 6 (2) (1953), pp. 5–20 ‘Byzantine linguists’, . (=, 4; Thessaloniki, 1953), pp. 596–602 ‘The fall of Byzantium – II’, The Listener 49 (14 June 1953), pp. 930 ff. ‘Zante’, The Architectural Review (October 1953), pp. 215–19 Review: E. Waugh, The Holy Places,inTLS (23 January 1953)

xxiv Sir Steven Runciman: a bibliography

Review: E. Lear (ed. R. Murphy), Edward Lear’s Indian Journey,inTLS (3 April 1953) Review: E. R. A. Sewter, trans., The Chronographia of Michael Psellus,inTLS (15 May 1953) Review: C. C. Mierow, trans., Otto of Freising, Rahewin of Freising, The Deeds of Frederick Barbarossa,inTLS (11 September 1953) Review: E. Lear, Nonsense Songs,inTLS (20 November 1953) Review: E. Lear (A. Davidson, P. Hofer, eds.), Teapots and Quails, and other New Nonsenses,inTLS (20 November 1953) Review: R. Warner, Eternal Greece,inTLS (27 November 1953) Review: G. Murray, Hellenism and the Modern World: Six Talkson the Radio-Diffusion Fran¸caise and the BBC,inTLS (27 November 1953) Review: Jack Lindsay, Byzantium into Europe,inTime and Tide (24 January 1953), pp. 116–17 Review: S. L. Greenslade, Schism in the Early Church,inTime and Tide (21 February 1953), pp. 248–9 Review: Freya Stark, The Coast of Incense,inThe Listener (29 October 1953)

1954

A History of the Crusades, vol. 3: The Kingdom of Acre and the Later Crusades (Cam- bridge University Press, Cambridge, 1954); reprinted with corrections 1955, 1966, 1975, 1979, 1980, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1993, 1995; pb 1987 A History of the Crusades, vols. 1–3 (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1979), pb 1987; pb Peregrine Books, 1965; Harper Torchbooks, New York, 1964–7; boxed sets: Cambridge University Press, 1954, 1987 and The Folio Society, 1994 Translations [Spanish] Historia de las Cruzadas (Revista de Occidente, Madrid, 1956–8; 3 vols. Alianza Editorial, Madrid, 1973 [German] Geschichte der Kreuzzüge (C. H. Beck Verlag, Munich, 1957–60 in 3 vols.; pb Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, Munich, 1995, 2003 in 1 vol.) [Italian] Storia delle Crociate (Einaudi, Turin, 1966, 1993 in 2 vols; Edizione CDE spa, Milan, 1994 in 2 vols.; pb 1993) [French] Histoire des Croisades (vol. I, Editions Dagorno, Paris, 1998) [Greek] (Sumpleromatikai Ekdoseis, Athens, 1977–9 in 3 vols.) [Polish] Dzieje Wypraw Krzyzowych (Panstwowy´ Instytut Wydawniczny, Warszawa, 1987 in 3 vols.) [Hungarian] A Keresztes Hadjáratok Törtenete (Osiris Kado,´ Budapest, 1999 in 1 vol.) [Portuguese] História das Cruzadas (Imago Editora, Rio de Janeiro, 2002–3 in 3 vols.) ‘Saladin, a great leader of Islam’, The Listener 51 (15 April 1954), pp. 648 ff.

Sir Steven Runciman: a bibliography xxv

Review: A. A. Vasiliev, History of the Byzantine Empire, 324–1453,inCR 4 (1954), p. 284 Review: K. Andrews, Castles of the Morea,inTLS (12 February 1954) Review:T.J.B.Spencer,Fair Greece Sad Relic,inTLS (14 May 1954) Review: R. Liddell, Aegean Greece,inTLS (14 May 1954) Review:P.Kinross,WithintheTaurus:ajourneyinAsiaticTurkey,inTLS (5November 1954) Review: Wilfrid Blunt, Pietro’s Pilgrimage in The Listener (29 July 1954), p. 185

1955

The Eastern Schism: a study of the papacy and the Eastern Churches during the XIth and XIIth centuries (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1955); reprinted 1956, 1963; pb Panther History, London, 1970; pb Wipf and Stock, Eugene, Oregon, 2005) (The Waynﬂete Lectures, 1954) Translations [Polish] Schizma wschodnia (Instytut Wydawniczy ‘Pax’, Warszawa, 1983) [Russian] Vostochnaia skhizma (Nauka: Vostochnaia Literatura RAN, Moscow, 1998 (together with Byzantine Theocracy, 1977) [French] (Les Belles Lettres, Paris, forthcoming) ‘The Fall of Byzantium’, in The Fall of Constantinople: a symposium held at the School of Oriental and African Studies, 29 May 1953 (School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, 1955), pp. 5–11 ‘Richard Coeur-de-Lion’, History Today 5 (4) (April 1955), pp. 219–27 (reprinted History Today (July 1991), pp. 50–6) ‘The Byzantine provincial peoples and the Crusade’, Relazioni del X Congresso Internationale di Scienze Storiche (Roma, 4–11settembre 1955), vol. 3: Storia del medioevo (Sansoni, Florence, 1955), pp. 621–4 ‘The decline of the Crusading idea’,in Relazioni del X Congresso Internazionale di Scienze Storiche (Roma, 4–11 settembre 1955), vol. 3: Storia del medioevo (Sansoni, Florence, 1955), pp. 637–52; reprinted, Bobbs-Merrill Reprint Series in European History, Indianapolis, ‘Feudalism – not for export’, The Saturday Review (10 December 1955), pp. 44–8 Review: J. J. O’Meara, The Young Augustine: the growth of St Augustine’s mind up to his conversion,inTLS (4 February 1955)

1956

‘The popular bronze reliquary crosses of Byzantium’, in G. Gsodam, ed., Festschrift W.Sas-Zalozieckyzum60.Geburtstag(AkademischeDruk-u.Verlagsanstalt,Graz, 1956), pp. 154–7 ‘Istanbul’un Sukutu’, Istanbul˙ Entsti¨us¨u Dergisi 2 (Istanbul 1956), pp. 185–9 (translation of ‘The Fall of Byzantium’, 1955, see above)

xxvi Sir Steven Runciman: a bibliography

‘The Greeks in Antioch at the time of the Crusades’, o (=, 9; Thessaloniki, 1956), vol. 2, pp. 583–91 ‘The Holy Land: centre of the world’, Geographical Magazine 29 (8) (1956), pp. 363– 73 ‘Baghdad and Constantinople’, Sumer 12 (1/2) (1956), pp. 43 ff. [in Arabic, pp. 101 ff.] ‘On the writing of history’, The Historical Association (Great Britain) Jubilee Addresses 1956 (G. Philip, London, 1956), pp. 62–72 (lecture on 5 January in the Beveridge Hall, Senate House, University of London) ‘Christians in Arab lands’, The Times (8 June 1956), pp. 11, 13 Review: J. Smet, ed., The Life of Saint Peter Thomas by Philip de M´ezi`eres,inMA 25 (1956), pp. 128 ff. Review: N. H. Baynes, Byzantine Studies and Other Essays,inCR 6 (1956), p. 158 Review:M.G.S.Hodgson,The Order of Assassins,inTLS (2 March 1956) Review: R. C. Smail, Crusading Warfare, 1097–1193,inTLS (3 August 1956) Review: A. Graham, Interval in Indo-China,inTLS (12 October 1956) Review: F.Dvornik, The Slavs: their early history and civilization,inTLS (9 December 1956)

1957

Lecture: ‘Byzantium, Russia and Caesaropapism’, Canadian Slavonic Papers, vol. II (Toronto, 1957), pp. 1–10 (lecture on 29 January at the Department of Slavic Studies, University of Toronto) Lecture: ‘The story of world history’, given at the University of the East, Manila, Monday, 25 February 1957 Lecture: ‘Europe and the East: historical background’, given at the Far Eastern Uni- versity, Manila, on Tuesday, 26 February 1957 Lecture: ‘The study of world history’, 1–8 = UE Public Service series no. 7, Manila (lecture sponsored by the Philippine British Society and the British Embassy in Manila; delivered at the University of the East) Review: C. Chakrabongse, The Twain Have Met; or, an eastern prince came west,in TLS (25 January 1957) Review: B. Groslier and A. Jacques (trans. E. Earnshaw), Angkor,inTLS (2 August 1957) Review: G. Sparrow, Opium Venture,inTLS (4 October 1957) Review: E. Barker, Social and Political Thought in Byzantium,inTLS (20 December 1957)

1958

The Sicilian Vespers:a history of the Mediterranean world in the later thirteenth century (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1958); pb 1982

Sir Steven Runciman: a bibliography xxvii

Translations [German] Die Sizilianische Vesper (C. H. Beck Verlag, Munich, 1959; new edition 1976) [Spanish] Visperas Sicilianas (‘Revista de Occidente’, Madrid, 1961; new edition Alianza Editorial, 1979) [Italian] I vespri siciliani (Dedalo Libri, Bari, 1971; Rizzoli editore, Milan, 1976) [Dutch] De siciliaanse Vespers (‘Agon’, Amsterdam, 1988) [Romanian] Vecerniile Siciliene (Editura Enciclopedica, Bucharest, 1993) [Polish] Nieszpory Sycylijskie (Wydawnictwo ‘Ksiaznica’,ˇ Katowice, 1997) [Hungarian] A sziciliai vecsernye (Balassi Kiado,´ Budapest, 1999) [Greek] (Ekdoseis Gkovoste, Athens, 2003) Review: C. Chakrabongse, First-Class Ticket,inTLS (13 June 1958) Review:S.R.Rau,View to the Southeast,inTLS (1 August 1958) Review: J. M. Hussey, The Byzantine World,inCR 8 (1958), pp. 294–5

1959

‘Pope Nicholas III and Byzantine Gold’, in Mélanges offertsa ` Etienne´ Gilson de l’Académie Fran¸caise (Pontifical Institute of Medieval Studies, Paris/Toronto, 1959), pp. 537–45 Review: F. Dvornik, The Idea of Apostolicity in Byzantium and the Legend of the Apostle Andrew,inSpeculum 34 (3) (July 1959), pp. 463–5 Review: W. I. Brandt, ed., Pierre Dubois: The Recovery of the Holy Land,inMA 28 (1959), p. 5 Review: Norman Cohn, The Pursuit of the Millenium,inThe Observer (28 July 1959)

1960

The White Rajahs: a history of Sarawak from 1841 to 1946 (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1960); pb, S. Abdul Majeed & Co, Kuala Lumpur, 1992 Translation: [Italian] Il rajah bianco (Rizzoli Editore, Milan, 1977) ‘The Eastern Orthodox Church after the break with Rome’, talk announced in The Christian Religion and its Philosophy: BBC Broadcasts to Schools, Summer Term 1959–60, p. 31 ‘Eruditos britanicos´ en Espana˜ en la Edad Media: estudos y notas’, Arbor 47 (179) (November 1960), pp. 64 ff. ‘The Crown of Jerusalem’, Palestine Exploration Quarterly (January–June 1960), pp. 8–18 ‘The ladies of the Mongols’, in N. V. Tomadakes, ed., . . , 1864–1960 (Athens, 1960), pp. 46–53 ‘The Families of Outremer: the feudal nobility of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem, 1099–1291’ (Athlone Press, University of London, 1960) (=Creighton memorial lecture on history, 1959), 25 pp.

xxviii Sir Steven Runciman: a bibliography

Lectures: The Gifford Lectures, 1960: ‘The Orthodox Greek Church from the Schism with the Westto the Fall of Constantinople’,in School III, St Salvator’s College, 18, 25 October; 1, 8, 15, 22, 29 November; 1, 6 December, University of St Andrews session 1960–1; 20 November 1960 [Martinmas Term]: preacher at the University Service in the University of St Andrew’s, text from the Parable of the Talents(Matt. 25. 15)

1961

‘No Independent Prince (1861)’, Sarawak Museum Journal 10 (17/18) (July– December 1961), pp. 30 ff. Review: V. Vatasainu, Istoria artei feudale ˆın T´arile Romˆıne, vol. 1: Arta ˆın perioada de dezvo feudalismului,inSpeculum 36 (2) (April 1961), pp. 359–60 Review: Richard Koebner, Empire, and Z. A. B. Zeman, The Break-up of the Habsburg Empire,inThe Listener (7 December 1961), pp. 993–4

1962

‘The Crusader States, 1243–1291’,chapter XVI in K. M. Setton, R. L. Wolffand H. W. Hazard, eds., A History of the Crusades, vol. II: The Later Crusades, 1189–1311 (University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, 1962, 2nd edn. 1969), pp. 557– 98 ‘TheschismbetweentheEasternandWesternChurches’, AnglicanTheologicalReview 44 (4) (1962), pp. 337–50 Foreword to M. A. Murray, The Witch-cult in Western Europe (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1962) Lecture: ‘Medieval history and the romantic imagination’ (the Katja Reissner Lecture of the Royal Society of Literature, 13 December 1962)

1963

Lectures: ‘Personal contacts between Christians and Moslems in the Middle Ages’ (Alexander White Visiting Professor series, Department of History, University of Chicago, April 2, 4, 9, 11, 16, 18, 1963) Review: J. J. Saunders, Aspects of the Crusades,inJournal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1/2 (1963), pp. 83 ff. Review: R. W. Southern, Western Views of Islam in the Middle Ages,inSpeculum 38 (3) (July 1963), pp. 505–6

1964

‘Byzantine society: an early democracy’, Apollo Magazine 79 (25) (March 1964), pp. 199–204

Sir Steven Runciman: a bibliography xxix

‘Islam and Christendom in the Middle Ages: the need for restatement’, Islamic Studies 3 (2) (1964), pp. 193–8 ‘Byzantine art and western mediaeval taste’,in Byzantine Art, a European Art: report on the ninth exhibition of the Council of Europe held in Athens, 1 April–15 June 1964, pp. 3–20 Review:A.S.Atiya,Crusade, Commerce and Culture,inSpeculum 39 (1) (January 1964), pp. 110–12 Review: P. Maas and C. A. Trypanis, eds., Sancti Romani Melodi Cantica: cantica genuina,inCR 14 (2) (1964) pp. 144–5 Review: G. Mathew, Byzantine Aesthetics,inCR 14 (2) (1964), pp. 205–6 Review: H. Antoniadis-Bibicou, Recherches sur les douanesa ` Byzance,inEconomic History Review Series 2 17 (1) (August 1964), p. 178 Notice: Angelo Procopiou, The Macedonian Question in Byzantine Painting,inCR 14 (1) (1964), p. 119

1965

The Fall of Constantinople, 1453 (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1965); pb 1969; reprinted Canto edition 1990 Translations [German] Die Eroberung von Konstantinopel (C. H. Beck Verlag, Munich, 1966; reprinted 1969; DeutscherTaschenbuch Verlag, Munich, 1977) [Polish] Upadek Konstantynopolia 1453 (Panstwowy´ Instytut Wydawniczny, Warszawa, 1968; reprinted 1994) [French] La Chute de Constantinople 1453 (Hachette, Paris, 1968) [Italian], La caduta di Costantinopoli 1453 (Feltrinelli Editore, Milan, 1968); new edition, Gli ultimi giorni di Costantinopoli (Edizioni Piemme, Casale Monferrato, 1997); new edition, La caduta di Costantinopoli (Piemme Pocket, 2001) [Japanese][TheFallofConstantinople](MisuzuShobo,np,1969;reprinted1991) [Czech] Pád Caˇrihradu (‘Mlada´ Fronta’,Prague, 1970; new edition ‘Epocha’,2003) [Romanian] C˘aderea Constantinopului 1453 (Editura s¸tiint¸ifica, Bucharest, 1971; new edition Editura Enciclopedica,ˇ Bucharest, 1991) [Turkish] Kostantiniye dü¸stü (Milliyet Yayinlari, Istanbul, 1972; reprinted ‘Ceriven: Derin Turkomer’, Istanbul, 1991) [Spanish] La ca´ıda de Constantinopla (Espasa-Calpe, Madrid, 1973) [Greek] (Ekdoseis Mpergade, Athens, 1979; new edition, Ekdoseis Papadima, Athens, 2002) [Dutch] De val van Constantinopel 1453 (Fibula-Van Dishoek, Haarlem, 1979) [Russian] Padenie Konstantinopolia v 1453 godu (Nauka: Glavnaia Redaktsiia vostochnoi literatury, Moscow, 1984) [Bulgarian] Padaneto na Konstantinopol (Izd. Na Otechestvenniia Front, Sofia, 1984)

xxx Sir Steven Runciman: a bibliography

[Serbian] Pad Tsarigrada 1453 (Matica Srpska, Novi Sad, 1990; reprinted 1996) [Hungarian] Konstanti´apoly eleste 1453 (Osiris Kiado,´ Budapest, 2000) [Portuguese] A queda de Constantinopla 1453 (Imago Editora, Rio de Janeiro, 2002) [Macedonian] Padot Konstantinopol 1453 (Slovo, Skopje, 2004) [Korean] [The Fall of Constantinople] (Galapagos Publishing Co., np, 2004) ‘The Greek Church under the Ottoman Turks’, Studies in Church History 2 (1965), pp. 38–53 ‘The legacy of the Crusades’, Pakistan Historical Society Journal 13 (4) (October 1965), pp. 293 ff. ‘The face of the sacred city’, The Listener 74 (30 December 1965), pp. 1068 ff. [Contribution to] Aldous Huxley: a memorial volume, ed. Julian Huxley (Chatto and Windus, London/Harper and Row, New York, 1965), pp. 27–9 Review: ‘The Greek Church under the Turks: a review of Timothy Ware, Eustratios Argenti: a study of the Greek Church under Turkish rule’, Journal of Religious History 3 (4) (December 1965), pp. 347–54 Review: C. Thouzellier, ed., Une Somme anti-cathare: le ‘liber contra Manicheos’ Durand de Huesca,inJEH 16 (1965), pp. 231 ff.

1966

‘The place of Byzantium in the medieval world’ in The Cambridge Medieval History, vol. 4: The Byzantine Empire, ed. J. M. Hussey (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1966, 1967), part 2: Government, Church and Civilisation, pp. 355– 75 ‘Lucas Notaras, ’, in P. Wirth, ed., Polychronion. Festschrift Franz D¨olger zum 75. Geburtstag (Carl Winter, Heidelberg, 1966), pp. 447–9 ‘Byzantine art and western mediaeval taste’, in Byzantine Art – An European Art: lectures given on the occasion of the 9th Exhibition of the Council of Europe (Athens, 1966) ‘Byzantine politics’, New Statesman 72 (1966), p. 232

1967

Proceedings of the XIII International Congress of Byzantine Studies, Oxford, 5–10 September 1966, ed. J. M. Hussey, D. Obolensky, S. Runciman (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1967) ‘The Church of England and the Orthodox Churches in the seventeenth and eigh- teenth centuries’, in Anglican Initiative in Christian Unity: lectures delivered at Lambeth Palace Library 1966, ed. E. G. W. Bill (SPCK, London, 1967), pp. 1–18 Review: J. B. Russell, Dissent and Reform in the Early Middle Ages,inJEH 18 (1967), pp. 89–90