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Romanian Journal of MINERAL DEPOSITS Romanian Journal of MINERAL DEPOSITS continuation of DARI DE SEAMA ALE SEDINTELOR INSTITUTULUI DE GEOLOGIE SI GEOFIZICA COMPTES RENDUS DES SÉANCES DE L’INSTITUT DE GÉOLOGIE ET GÉOPHYSIQUE (2. Zacaminte) Founded 1910 by the Geological Institute of Romania ISSN 1220-5648 VOL. 92 No. 1-2 CONTENT page Paulo A. ARANHA, Adolf H. HORN, Wallace M. TRINDADE GPR supported sampling for environmental purposes. Examples from the Rio São Francisco marginal lagoons, Minas Gerais, Brazil ................................................................................... 1 Ioan PINTEA, Sorin Silviu UDUBAŞA, Elena Luisa IATAN, Ion BERBELEAC, Daniel BÎRGĂOANU, Oana Claudia CIOBOTEA-BARBU, Eduard GHINESCU Microthermometry and Raman spectroscopy of fluid and melt inclusions in the alpine porphyry copper deposits from Romania: insights on micrometallogeny ................................................................ 9 Iulia NEGREA, Gheorghe C. POPESCU, Monica MACOVEI, Eduard GHINESCU Spherulites from Letea beach ridge – Danube Delta, preliminary data ....................................................... 33 Robert SZABO, Gheorghe C. POPESCU, Eduard GHINESCU Contributions to the mineralogy of the „purple” metamorphic rocks from the north-west flank of Vâlcan Mountains .................................................................................................................... 41 Safaa Abdulhadi Khudhair ALSHAWI, Gheorghe C. POPESCU, Daniela DIMOFTE, Antonela NEACȘU The quantitative and qualitative preliminary evaluation for the heavy minerals of the sand quaternary deposits from the southeastern Iraq region ........................................................................................... 49 Safaa Abdulhadi Khudhair ALSHAWI, Gheorghe C. POPESCU, Daniela DIMOFTE Overview of heavy minerals study in the south and southwest of Iraq .................................................................. 59 Geological Institute of Romania Society of Economic Geology of Romania Bucureşti – 2019 DIRECTORS OF THE JOURNAL Dr. Ştefan Marincea, General Director of the Geological Institute of Romania Prof. Dr. Gheorghe Damian, President of the Society of Economic Geology of Romania Editor in Chief: Sorin Silviu Udubaşa (University of Bucharest). Editorial Secretary: Monica Macovei (University of Bucharest) Editorial board Peter Andráš, Matej Bel University, Banská Marian Lupulescu, New York State Museum, USA Bystrica, Slovakia Mihai Marinescu, University of Bucharest Anne-Sylvie Andre-Mayer, Université de Lorraine, Marcel Mărunţiu, Geological Institute of Romania Nancy, France Vasilios Melfos, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Andrei Ionut Apopei, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" Greece University, Iaşi Ferenc Molnar, Geological Survey of Finland Essaid Bilal, Ecole des Mines, Saint Etienne, France Marian Munteanu, Geological Institute of Romania Grigore Buia, University of Petrosani Antonela Neacsu, University of Bucharest Andrei Buzatu, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University, Bogdan Niculescu, University of Bucharest Iaşi M.S. Pandian, Pondicherry University, India Nicolae Buzgar, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University, Iaşi Lucian Petrescu, University of Bucharest Georgios Christofides, Aristotle University of Ioan Pintea, Geological Institute of Romania Thessaloniki, Greece Gheorghe C. Popescu, University of Bucharest Floarea Damian, Technical Univ. Cluj-Napoca – Relu Roban, University of Bucharest North Center Baia Mare Ioan Seghedi, Institute of Geodynamics of the Gheorghe Damian, Technical Univ. Cluj-Napoca – Romanian Academy, Bucharest North Center Baia Mare, Dan Stumbea, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University, Iaşi János Földessy, Miskolc University, Hungary Călin Tămaş, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca Ovidiu Gabriel Iancu, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" George Tudor, Geological Institute of Romania University, Iaşi Mircea Ţicleanu, Geological Institute of Romania Gheorghe Ilinca, University of Bucharest Sorin Silviu Udubașa, University of Bucharest Rom. J. Mineral Deposits is also the Bulletin of the Society of Economic Geology of Romania. The authors are responsible for the ideas presented in the papers. ISSN 1220-5648 Geological Institute of Romania Society of Economic Geology of Romania Romanian Journal of MINERAL DEPOSITS ISSN 1220-5648 VOL. 92 No. 1-2 2019 CONTENT Paulo A. ARANHA, Adolf H. HORN, Wallace M. TRINDADE GPR supported sampling for environmental purposes. Examples from the Rio São Francisco marginal lagoons, Minas Gerais, Brazil ………………………………………………… 1 Ioan PINTEA, Sorin Silviu UDUBAŞA, Elena Luisa IATAN, Ion BERBELEAC, Daniel BÎRGĂOANU, Oana Claudia CIOBOTEA-BARBU, Eduard GHINESCU Microthermometry and Raman spectroscopy of fluid and melt inclusions in the alpine porphyry copper deposits from Romania: insights on micrometallogeny ……………………………… 9 Iulia NEGREA, Gheorghe C. POPESCU, Monica MACOVEI, Eduard GHINESCU Spherulites from Letea beach ridge – Danube Delta, preliminary data ……………………………….. 33 Robert SZABO, Gheorghe C. POPESCU, Eduard GHINESCU Contributions to the mineralogy of the „purple” metamorphic rocks from the north-west flank of Vâlcan Mountains ………………………………………………………………………….…. 41 Safaa Abdulhadi Khudhair ALSHAWI, Gheorghe C. POPESCU, Daniela DIMOFTE, Antonela NEACȘU The quantitative and qualitative preliminary evaluation for the heavy minerals of the sand quaternary deposits from the southeastern Iraq region ………………………………………………... 49 Safaa Abdulhadi Khudhair ALSHAWI, Gheorghe C. POPESCU, Daniela DIMOFTE Overview of heavy minerals study in the south and southwest of Iraq ……………………………….. 59 Rom. J. Mineral Deposits, vol. 92 (2019), No. 1-2, p. 1-8 GPR SUPPORTED SAMPLING FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PURPOSES. EXAMPLES FROM THE RIO SÃO FRANCISCO MARGINAL LAGOONS, MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL Paulo A. ARANHA1, Adolf H. HORN1*, Wallace M. TRINDADE2 1Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte, Brazil; [email protected] 1Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte, Brazil; *[email protected]; Tel.: +55 31 34417505; Fax: +55 31 3409 5410 2 Federal Institutute of Minas Gerais, Pirapora, Brazil; [email protected] Abstract: The human occupation of the San Francisco basin results in an increase of the impacts. Marginal lagoons are filled during the flooding of the river, together with wind transport, rain washout and interaction with subsurface water with sedimental material. Therefore, marginal lagoons are important for the knowledge of the evolution of a river system. To obtain representative profile sampling it is necessary to know the geological and dynamical situation of the lagoons. To obtain information about sediment distribution and structures, GPR-profiles on the lagoons are an adequate technique for rapid and exact results and permit to find easily appropriate locations for sampling. The obtained samples show a very good correlation with GPR results and permit an evaluation of the history of the lagoons. It was able to obtain information about climate variations, like rainfall, wind directions, insolation and temperature evolution, and anthropogenic influence shown by chemical alteration of the sediment composition permitting to determine the evolution of different sources, industrial or agronomical. Keywords: GPR, San Francisco River, marginal lagoons, anthropogenic influence, contamination. 1. Introduction Marginal lagoons are lake environments of periodic or permanent flooding resulting from the overflow of the rivers, which receive contributions from direct rainfall or underground water (Junk, 1989). These lagoons are considered wetlands and are playing an important ecological and hydrodynamic role in a river basin system. In the upper to middle course of the San Francisco River Basin (Patrus et al., 2001), these lagoons are responsible for breeding and restocking of migratory fish (Pompeu, 1997; Pompeu and Godinho, 2003). From a hydrodynamic point of view, these marginal lagoons are elongated depressions usually towards the river channel that, like the flood plains, reduce the kinetic energy of the flood pulses, acting as areas of sediment deposition and retention (Wolman and Leopold 1957; Junk, 1989; Gama, 2006). The particle size and mineral composition, the stratigraphic organization and the chemical composition of these sediments deposited in lagoons are important records of river hydrodynamics, climate changes and the entry of contaminants in drainage area (Godoy et al., 1998; Argollo, 2001; Nery, 2009). Agricultural activities and industrial processes are using a growing number of chemical compounds to enhance the quality and quantity of production in various industrial processes or as micronutrients and pesticides in agriculture. Many of them have elevated toxicity in excess and their cumulative effects might affect the quality of natural resources and human health (Malavolta 1989; Duffus 2002). To evaluate this contamination, its changes in quality and quantity, representative sampling is absolutely necessary. To see how the marginal lagoons reflect the chemical and environmental evolution of a basin, we need to find the best place for sampling. The use of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is a good method to find the localities with the greatest amount of sediments and with the best properties for analyses. This work will show the connection between GPR profiles and the data which can be extracted from the drill samples, localized by this geophysical method. 2. Regional setting The study area is located in the surroundings of Pirapora city in the upper to middle course of São Francisco River, in the Northern part of Minas
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