DOCSLIB.ORG

Jiu Valley Microregion – an Area of Economic, Tourist-Carboniferous- Industrial Interest

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Jiu Valley Microregion – an Area of Economic, Tourist-Carboniferous- Industrial Interest Advances in Environmental Science and Energy Planning Jiu Valley Microregion – an area of economic, tourist-carboniferous- industrial interest BĂDĂU ADRIAN-BOGDAN Technological Department “Retezat” Technologic High School of Uricani 16 Republicii St., Uricani, Hunedoara ROMANIA [email protected] Abstract: -Petroşani coal field represents an area that benefits of two great values: the coal fields and the relief, formed by the mountains that surround the depression. In the event the coal fields will get exhausted, the other natural wealth – the relief – available in the micro region, is inexhaustible, being needed to be exploited at its true potential. A way of exploiting the natural area is by developing the industrial tourism closely related to the classical-conventional one, therefore by developing these tourism forms, the Jiu Valley Coal Field can become an area of economic, tourist-carboniferous-industrial interest. Key-Words: technological tourism, reconstruction, tourist sector, the tower of the skip shaft, museum storage of explosive, remaining mining buildings 1 Introduction and also as tourist endowment is Straja, followed by The area and the geography of Petrosani Coal Field Parâng and Pasul Vulcan. fostered during the time and also nowadays many 6) Sport tourism is practiced throughout the coal complementary forms of tourism. The forms belong field, because of the rich hunting and fishing. to the classical-conventional tourism. Another form of the extreme sport tourism, rock Depending on the tourist motivation and destination, climbing, is practiced in the western part of the in Jiu Valley micro region, the following forms of region, especially in the area of Uricani town, in tourism can be practiced: Retezatmountains. 1) Ecological tourism. It is practiced in the eastern 7) Business tourism starts to be practiced more and part of the depression in the Parangmountains along more in Jiu Valley, especially in Petroşani area, the Jiet Gorges, and in the western part, in Retezat because of the interest showed by hotels people, mountains; who do their best to increase the occupancy degree 2) Week-end tourism. It is practiced in percentage of their hotels. of over 90% by the population that resides here Therefore, Jiu Valley Coal Field is a tourist micro during the summer, and during the cold season, this region where all classical forms of tourism are percentage decreases because of the flow of tourists practiced. Each of these has a more or less that come from other regions. significant degree of being practiced. 3) The agritourism. It has an insignificant Following the development of some new forms of percentage in the tourist activity from Jiu Valley. tourism in the area, by accomplishing some Only in a few establishments from Petrila, Taia and technological lines to foster the practicing of the Cimpa areas, and in CâmpulluiNeag locality, which industrial tourism, a more intense tourist activity belongs, in terms of administration, to Uricani town; could be ensured, so that the area to become a pole 4) Transitory tourism. It is insignificant at present. of attraction during the whole year. In perspective, when the road that connectsJiu Valley with Herculane resort, through Retezat 2 Problem Formulation National Park, this form of tourism will be one of After 1990 an intensive development of the tourist the economic generators of the area. resorts took place, so that at present, it can be said 5) Season tourism. It is practiced specially in the that some of them, for example Staja and Parâng mountain resorts and it is based on winter sports. resorts have become real towns. To this The most developed resort in terms of infrastructure, development a great contribution had the construction of modern cable cars, chairlifts and ski ISBN: 978-1-61804-280-4 271 Advances in Environmental Science and Energy Planning lift. In order to ensure the durable development of this tourist branch in Jiu Valley, it is needed to implement the information technology and to use the modern methods of tourist management. We consider that the adjustment to the new informational technologies represents the modality of tourism development in Petroşani Coal Field Being an isolated area, Jiu Valley must be permanently connected to the new information, new trends and changes that appear in the field of tourism. The main advantages generated by the implementation of tourist technologies, especially in the mountain regions, are: - processing the information and more efficient internal administration; - increasing the efficiency in communicating with Fig.1. Symbolic development model of Petroşani other branches of economic activity; Coal Field based on the implementation of the - the supply could be made on-line, so that the costs technologic tourist lines would be significantly reduced; - attracting new client segments (for example the The development model of the technologic tourist on-line generation). lines along with the classic-conventional tourism The implementing of the informational technology will attract infrastructural changes at tourism level at the level of the tourist units from Jiu Valley in the micro region. would significantly change the way of promoting the offer and services, by increasing the speed of 2.1 Tourist potential of development in the transmitting the useful, practical information. natural frame of Jiu Valley A problem of the tourist units from this area is that An important landscape wealth of the area, which over 75% function only seasonally, especially determined the tourism emergence and practice of during winter. winter sports in Jiu Valley, is represented by the One of the solutions of increasing the interest for grandeur of the peaks fromParâng, Vâlcan, Şureanu, this area during the entire year could be the Godeanu and Retezat mountains. development of agritourism and the development of Parâng and Retezat mountains have the richest the technologic tourism. glacial relief from the country, being crossed by The development of some tourist technological lines valleys, circuses, moraines and a necklace of glacial on the structure of the old mining units of coal lakes, among which Zănoaga Lake, the deepest from exploitation, that at present ceased their activity, the country (29 m) and Bucura Lake, the largest could represent the modality of economic recovery from the country (8,90 hectares), stand out. of the mono-industrial area, which, starting with the The caves and grottoes are other elements of the mines closure, entered a downward social-economic natural tourist potential from Jiu Valley tourist microregion, which can represent key points of way. attractiveness. As similarities in the field, Spain, Germany, Austria, From these, we mention Bolii Cave, in the eastern France or Great Britain are listed, member countries part, one of the biggest caves from Transylvania, of the European Union, which transformed old situated in the northern part of Petroşani, mines in real tourist attractions. respectively Buta Cave in the west part. Once the industrial tourist landmarks are developed, Noteworthy is that transparent stalagmites, brightly a new infrastructure, economic and technologic coloured stalactites and cave pearls were discovered development of this area would be ensured. in Buta cave. Achievement of a tourist-technologic park in the The natural tourist potential of Jiu Valley area assumes the use of the newest tourist Depression is delimited in 3 tourist sectors: technologies, and in the same time, would provide a 1) The western sector: In the west part of Petroşani continuous flow of tourist throughout the year Coal Field, Retezat National Park is remarked, (fig.1). having been declared natural monument. ISBN: 978-1-61804-280-4 272 Advances in Environmental Science and Energy Planning 2) The central sector: In the central part of the Field tourism from the economic region, the natural tourist potential is represented by potential of the area Straja Peak, the access being made through April- November- Strajaresort, and/or through Vâlcan mountain pass. October March The landscapes from the area are of an outstanding Uricani 7,4% 2,5% beauty, and the position and tilt of the slopes Lupeni 4% 18% ensures skiing and winter sports to be practiced in Vulcan 2,8% 12% the best conditions. Aninoasa 2,6% 0,7% 3) The eastern sector: Jiu Valley Coal Field bears Petroşani 9,8% 15% the name of the main town from this region, Petrila 3,6% 1,9% Petroşani, which is situated at the foot of Parâng mountain and Şureanu mountains. It is noticed that the classic-conventional tourism From tourism development point of view, the has the highest percentage in the area of Lupeni synthetic situation presents itself as follows: (fig.2): municipality during the cold season, when the - in terms of transit and business tourism, Petroşani infrastructure of Straja resort is used, which has the municipality is the only town from Petroşani Coal highest number of tourists, and during summer Field on which territory this form of tourism is Petroşani municipality, which registered almost practiced (γ). 10% in the year of 2014, because of the other forms - from natural tourist potential point of view, the of tourism proliferation. town of Uricani and the western part of the coal The localities of Petrila and Aninoasa have the field is the most developed area (α); lowest percentage because the tourist infrastructure - from the perspective of the anthropic tourist is weak. potential, of the tourist infrastructure and the The tourism problem
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Climatic Implications of Cirque Distribution in the Romanian Carpathians: Palaeowind Directions During Glacial Periods
    JOURNAL OF QUATERNARY SCIENCE (2010) Copyright ß 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI: 10.1002/jqs.1363 Climatic implications of cirque distribution in the Romanian Carpathians: palaeowind directions during glacial periods MARCEL MIˆNDRESCU,1 IAN S. EVANS2* and NICHOLAS J. COX2 1 Department of Geography, University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania 2 Department of Geography, Durham University, Durham, UK Mıˆndrescu, M., Evans, I. S. and Cox, N. J. Climatic implications of cirque distribution in the Romanian Carpathians: palaeowind directions during glacial periods. J. Quaternary Sci., (2010). ISSN 0267-8179. Received 10 May 2009; Revised 23 October 2009; Accepted 2 November 2009 ABSTRACT: The many glacial cirques in the mountains of Romania indicate the distribution of former glacier sources, related to former climates as well as to topography. In the Transylvanian Alps (Southern Carpathians) cirque floors rise eastward at 0.714 m kmÀ1, and cirque aspects tend ENE, confirming the importance of winds from some westerly direction. There is a contrast between two neighbouring ranges: the Fa˘ga˘ras¸, where the favoured aspect of cirques is ENE, and the Iezer, where the tendency is stronger and to NNE. This can be explained by the Iezer Mountains being sheltered by the Fa˘ga˘ras¸, which implies precipitation-bearing winds from north of west at times of mountain glaciation. Palaeoglaciation levels also suggest winds from north of west, which is consistent with aeolian evidence from Pleistocene dunes, yardangs and loess features in the plains of Hungary and south- western Romania. In northern Romania (including Ukrainian Maramures¸) the influence of west winds was important, but sufficient only to give a northeastward tendency in cirque aspects.
    [Show full text]
  • FIELD TRIP 1 – Duration 3 Days
    FIELD TRIP 1 – duration 3 days. Transportation: bus Tuesday August 26, 2014 - Thursday August 28, 2014 IGCP609 Field trip on Cretaceous cyclic sedimentation in the Eastern Carpathians. Lower Cretaceous Urgonian/platform facies, Lower Cretaceous black shales Deep-water sections with Cretaceous cyclic CORBs Degree of difficulty and weather: low, most of the stops are beside or near roads, although a couple of short (less than 1 km) hikes will be involved. Sturdy footwear is recommended. First day 26th of August Bucharest-Focsani-Lepsa Outcrops displaying Lower Cretaceous black shales, followed by Albian up to Coniacian red shales will be examined in the Putna Valley Basin (Marginal Fold Nappe, Vrancea Halfwindow). Albian black shales and red shales at Lepsa Turonian red shales in Putna Valley Overnight in Lepsa Second day 27th of August Lepsa-Covasna-Cernatu-Brasov-Bran-Dambovicioara Covasna Valley: mid Cretaceous black shales and red shales; mid-Cretaceous anoxic events; Upper Cretaceous red variegated marlstones (Outer Moldavides, Tarcau Nappe). Mid Cretaceous red shales Upper Cretaceous red marlstones Cernatu Valley: Albian turbidites, followed by Upper Albian dark grey shales and uppermost Albian-lowermost Cenomanian red shales, including OAE1d. Visit of the medieval Braşov town. Braşov known as Kronstadt in German óor Brass in Hungarian is the 7th largest city in Romania. The town is located almost in the centre of Romania (176 km from Bucharest), being surrounded by the Carpathian Mountains. The city provides a mix of wonderful mountain scenery in the nearby Poiana Braşov (a renown winter resort) and medieval history with German influences in the old town. Small outcrops of Urgonian rocks could be seen in the town.
    [Show full text]
  • Water Quality Survey of Streams from Retezat Mountains (Romania)
    JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL GEOGRAPHY Journal of Environmental Geography 9 (3–4), 27–32. DOI: 10.1515/jengeo-2016-0009 ISSN: 2060-467X WATER QUALITY SURVEY OF STREAMS FROM RETEZAT MOUNTAINS (ROMANIA) Mihai-Cosmin Pascariu1,2, Tiberiu Tulucan3,4, Mircea Niculescu5, Iuliana Sebarchievici2, Mariana Nela Ștefănuț2* 1”Vasile Goldiş” Western University of Arad, Faculty of Pharmacy, 86 Liviu Rebreanu, RO-310414, Arad, Romania 2National Institute of Research & Development for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter – INCEMC Timișoara, 144 Dr. Aurel Păunescu-Podeanu, RO-300569, Timișoara, Romania 3”Vasile Goldiș” Western University of Arad, Izoi-Moneasa Center of Ecological Monitoring, 94 Revoluției Blvd., RO-310025, Arad, Romania 4Romanian Society of Geography, Arad subsidiary, 2B Vasile Conta, RO-310422, Arad, Romania 5University Politehnica Timișoara, Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, 6 Vasile Pârvan Blvd., RO- 300223, Timișoara, Romania *Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] Research article, received 3 July 2016, accepted 14 November 2016 Abstract The Retezat Mountains, located in the Southern Carpathians, are one of the highest massifs in Romania and home of the Retezat National Park, which possesses an important biological value. This study aimed at the investigation of water quality in creeks of the Southern Retezat (Piule-Iorgovanul Mountains) in order to provide information on pollutants of both natural and anthropogenic origin, which could pose a threat for the human health. Heavy metal and other inorganic ion contents of samples were analyzed with on-site and laboratory measurements to estimate water quality. The samples were investigated using microwave plasma - atomic emission spectrometry to quantify specific elements, namely aluminium, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, lead and zinc.
    [Show full text]
  • Limnological Changes in South Carpathian Glacial Lakes
    This manuscript is contextually identical with the following published paper: Tóth M, Buczkó K, Specziár A, Heiri O, Braun M, Hubay K, Czakó D, Magyari EK (2018) Limnological changes in South Carpathian glacier-formed lakes (Retezat Mountains, Romania) during the Late Glacial and the Holocene: A synthesis. Quaternary International, 477, pp. 138-152. The original published PDF available in this website: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040618216308321?via%3Dihub Limnological changes in South Carpathian glacier-formed lakes (Retezat Mountains, Romania) during the Late Glacial and the Holocene: a synthesis Mónika Tóth1,2*, Krisztina Buczkó3, András Specziár1, Oliver Heiri2, Mihály Braun4, Katalin Hubay4, Dániel Czakó5, Enikő K. Magyari6 1 MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Balaton Limnological Institute, Klebelsberg Kuno 3, H-8237 Tihany, Hungary 2 Institute of Plant Sciences and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, CH-3013 Bern, Switzerland 3 Department of Botany, Hungarian Natural History Museum, P.O. Box 222, H-1476 Budapest, Hungary 4 Herteleni Laboratory of Environmental Studies, Institute for Nuclear Research of the HAS, Bem tér 18/C, H-4026 Debrecen, Hungary 5School of Earth Sciences and Geography, Kingston University, Penrhyn road, Kingston Upon Thames, Surrey, KT1 2EE, UK 6 MTA-MTM-ELTE Research Group for Paleontology, Pázmány Péter stny 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary *Correspondent author: Mónika Tóth; MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Balaton Limnological Institute, Klebelsberg Kuno 3, H-8237 Tihany, Hungary; E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Remains of aquatic biota preserved in mountain lake sediments provide an excellent tool to study lake ecosystem responses to past climate change.
    [Show full text]
  • Forest Stands from Accumulation and Natural Lakes Slopes from the Southern Carpathians
    https://doi.org/10.15551/pesd2020141016 PESD, VOL. 14, no. 1, 2020 FOREST STANDS FROM ACCUMULATION AND NATURAL LAKES SLOPES FROM THE SOUTHERN CARPATHIANS Dincă Lucian1, Voichița Timiș-Gânsac2, Breabăn Iuliana Gabriela3 Keywords: lakes, forests, exposition, field inclination, forest soils. Abstract. The Southern Carpathians are situated in the central part of Romania, between Prahova Valley and the Danube, being the highest and most massive mountains from the Romanian Carpahtians. The relief and vegetation are similar to the Alps. These mountains conserve the most representative glaciar relief from Romania, with cuaternar glaciar tracks. Some of its peaks, namely Moldoveanu, Negoiu, Parângul Mare and Peleaga exceed 2500 m. From its total 217.889 ha occupied by forests with water protection functions, the forests located on lake slopes occupy 9.746 ha, namely 5%. The forests from this area are composed of spruce (Picea abies L.H. Karst) and beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), accompanied by other species such as birch (Alnus glutinosa, L., Gaertn.) and pine (Pinus sp.). From the point of view of the field’s orography, these forests are located on lands with an middle inclination on all exposition categories, but predominantly on the North-East, one at an average altitude of 1050 m. From the point of view of site conditions, the characteristic flora type is Asperula-Dentaria, while the main soils are dystric cambisol and eutric cambisol. 1. Introduction The Southern Carpathians are situated within Prahova Valley in the east, and Timiş-Cerna valleys in the west, Getic Subcarpathians and Mehedinți Plateau in the south and Transylvania’s basin in the north.
    [Show full text]
  • “Just Transition” - Ideas, Projects and Finance for Life After Coal in Jiu Valley West Region (RO42)
    Smart strategies for the transition in coal intensive regions Project No: 836819 “Just Transition” - Ideas, projects and finance for life after coal in Jiu Valley West Region (RO42) - hybrid (both virtual and live physical) event - Thursday, 22nd of October 2020 | Petroșani, ROMÂNIA Event organisers Academic partner WHY TO ATTEND ▪ Organising this event in Jiu Valley will help enabling the energy transition process by merging investment / financing opportunities with potential project promoters / developers and individual projects / investments ideas; ▪ This event might be considered a first step in developing the ability, strength and sustainability of the local administration, businesses, academia and NGOs; ▪ Interactive session will be organised, allowing participants to ask questions and contribute to a constructive dialogue, thus motivating the local actors to action and empowering them to engage with the financial aspects and policies of the energy transition; ▪ The necessary background to implement Jiu Valley ITI (Integrated Territorial Investment) mechanism, including local and regional barriers, and needs will be identified; ▪ Good and proficient connections can be developed with experts/entities to assist local stakeholders’ actions, plan and cultivate future strategic relationships. CHALLENGES The following key topics will be addressed: ▪ Ongoing projects/initiatives in Jiu Valley; ▪ Needs, barriers and opportunities in Jiu Valley in terms of sustainable energy technologies, safe & clean environment and labour market & social
    [Show full text]
  • This Manuscript Is Contextually Identical with the Following Published Paper: Vincze Ildikó; Orbán Ildikó; Birks Hilary H; P
    This manuscript is contextually identical with the following published paper: Vincze Ildikó; Orbán Ildikó; Birks Hilary H; Pál Ilona; Finsinger Walter; Hubay Katalin; Marinova Elena; Jakab Gusztáv; Braun Mihály; Biró Tamás; Tóth Mónika; Dănău Claudia; Ferencz Iosif V; Magyari Enikő K (2017) Holocene treeline and timberline changes in the South Carpathians (Romania): Climatic and anthropogenic drivers on the southern slopes of the Retezat Mountains. - HOLOCENE 27: (11) pp. 1613-1630. DOI 10.1177/0959683617702227 The original published PDF available in this website: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0959683617702227 Holocene treeline and timberline changes in the South Carpathians Romania): Climatic and anthropogenic drivers on the southern slopes of the Retezat Mountains Ildikó Vincze1,2, Ildikó Orbán3,4, Hilary H. Birks3, Ilona Pál1,2, Walter Finsinger5, Katalin Hubay6, Elena Marinova7, Gusztáv Jakab8,9, Mihály Braun6, Tamás Biró10, Mónika Tóth11,12, Claudia Dănău13, Iosif V Ferencz14, Enikő K. Magyari1,15 1 MTA-MTM-ELTE Research Group for Paleontology, Hungary 2 Department of Physical and Applied Geology, Eötvös Loránd University, Hungary 3 Department of Biology and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, University of Bergen, Norway 4 Department of Plant Systematics, Ecology and Theoretical Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Hungary 5 Palaeoecology, ISE-M (UMR 5554 CNRS/UM/EPHE), France 6 Hertelendi Laboratory of Environmental Studies, Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary 7 Center for Archaeological
    [Show full text]
  • Report on the Current Role of Coal Mining and Related Policies in the TRACER Target Regions
    Smart strategies for the transition in coal intensive regions Project No: 836819 Report on the current role of coal mining and related policies in the TRACER target regions WP 3 – Tasks 3.1 & 3.2 / D 3.1 September 2019 TRACER Current role of coal mining and related policies Authors: Lulin Radulov, BSERC, Bulgaria Anton Ivanov, BSERC, Bulgaria Angel Nikolaev, BSERC, Bulgaria Vera Genadieva, BSERC, Bulgaria Jan Frouz, CU, Czech Republic Markéta Hendrychová, CULS, Czech Republic Dirk Knoche, FIB, Germany Anne Rademacher, FIB, Germany Rainer Schlepphorst, FIB, Germany Charalampos Malamatenios, CRES, Greece Georgia Veziryianni, CRES, Greece Marcin Pietrzykowski, UAK, Poland Marcin Chodak, UAK, Poland, Justyna Likus-Cieślik, UAK, Poland Marek Pająk, UAK, Poland Bartłomiej Woś, UAK, Poland Sabina Irimie, AISVJ, Romania Emilia Dunca, AISVJ, Romania Marian Dobrin, ISPE - PC, Romania Gloria Popescu, ISPE - PC, Romania Miodrag Zivotic, ENTEL, Serbia Miodrag Mesarovic, ENTEL, Serbia Jasmina Mandic-Lukic, ENTEL, Serbia Igor Volchyn, Ukraine Dmytro Bondzyk, Ukraine Danylo Cherevatskyi, Ukraine Trygve Rees, Welsh Government, Wales Editors: Lulin Radulov, BSERC, Bulgaria Angel Nikolaev, BSERC, Bulgaria Vera Genadieva, BSERC, Bulgaria Reviewers: Rita Mergner, WIP, Germany Rainer Janssen, WIP, Germany Contact: Black Sea Energy Research Centre (BSERC) Lulin Radulov E-mail: [email protected], Tel: +359 2 9806854 7, Viktor Grigorovich Str. 1606 SoFia, Bulgaria www.bserc.eu This project has received Funding From the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 836819. The sole responsibility For the content oF this report lies with the authors. It does not necessarily reFlect the opinion oF the European Union. Neither the INEA nor the European Commission are responsible For any use that may be made oF the inFormation contained therein.
    [Show full text]
  • Glaciar Relief and Pleistocene Glaciation in Retezat Mountains
    pzc No.5 p 4-7 smooth and rounded levelled surfaces Glaciar Relief and Pleistocene of the Borăscu sculptural complex, pro- ducing a “Godeanu landscape type”. Be- Glaciation in Retezat cause this situation is characteristic of some extended areas from the Roma- nian Carpathians, we tend to speak (Vel- Mountains (Transylvanians cea, 1973) about a Carpathian type gla- ciation. The glacial cirques from the Romanian Carpathians are called by Alps, Romania) the locals “căldări “ (= cauldron) and “zănoage”, their form could be found in Ureda, P.* the general definition given to the gla- cial cirques (Evans and Cox, 1974). The glacial cirques spread between Abstract The article describes the glacial ecause in the international glacio- 1670 m - median floor altitude - (the relief and the development of Pleistocene logical and geomorphological com- Capu Slăveiului cirque) and 2200 m a.sl. glaciation for one of the most representa- Bmunity the glacial relief and the de- (the Păpuşa cirque). The Galeşul cirque tive mountain units of Romania, the Re- velopment of Pleistocene glaciation in reaches the maximum depth of 530 m tezat Mountains, with special attention the Romanian Carpathians are extreme- and the maximum length of 1975 m, to the glacial cirques and valleys. Some ly little known, we present this prob- and the Zănoaga-Judele glacial cirque morphometric elements have been used lem for one of the most representative complex reaches 3.5 km breadth. to analyse the specific way in which the mountain units in Romania, the Retezat Following the orientation of the gla- glaciers have modelled the relief of Re- Mountains.
    [Show full text]
  • Munţii Piule-Iorgovanu. Studiu Geomorfologic
    “Babeş-Bolyai” University Cluj-Napoca Faculty of Geography PhD Thesis PIULE – IORGOVANU MOUNTAINS Geomorphologic study Summary Advisor: Professor Virgil Surdeanu, PhD PhD student: Mircea Ardelean 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I – INTRODUCTION I. 1. Geographic position and limits ........................................................ 3 I. 2. Background research ....................................................................... 5 CHAPTER II – GEOLOGIC SETTING AND PALEOGEOGRAPHIC EVOLUTION II. 1. Lithology and structure .................................................................. 8 II. 2. Paleogeographic evolution ............................................................. 17 CHAPTER III – PRESENT DAY MORFOLOGIC CONDITIONS ............... 21 CHAPTER IV – MORFOGRAPHY AND MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS IV. 1. Morfography ................................................................................. 29 IV. 2. Morfometry ................................................................................... 34 CHAPTER V – GENETIC TYPES OF LANDFORMS V. 1. Structural and petrographic landforms V. 1. 1. Structural landforms ................................................................... 52 V. 1. 2. Petrographic landforms Landforms developed on cristaline schists ..................... 61 Landforms developed on limestone ................................ 62 V. 2. Denudational landforms ................................................................. 120 V. 3. Fluvio-torrential landforms ….......................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Emergence of the Jiu Valley Coal Basin (Romania) - a Consequence of the Industrial Revolution
    Annals of the University of Petroşani, Economics, 9(3), 2009, 53-80 53 THE EMERGENCE OF THE JIU VALLEY COAL BASIN (ROMANIA) - A CONSEQUENCE OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION MIRCEA BARON, OANA DOBRE-BARON * ABSTRACT: The Jiu Valley, or Petrosani coal basin, is an important economic region of Romania, situated at the springs of the Jiu River, between the Eastern Carpathians. It is a geographical area that emerges and develops from a social, economic and cultural point of view after mid-nineteenth century, as a result of the industrial revolution. The influence of the industrial revolution on this mountain area will occur on two coordinates: the extraction of the most important natural assets in the underground - coal - the energy resource that underlies the development of the first stage of the industrial revolution; the implementation of technical methods and technologies without which the coal deposits in the Jiu Valley could not be turned to account by primary extraction and processing. As a Transylvanian region, it will be part of the Habsburg Empire by the end of 1918 - the Austrian - Hungarian Empire since 1867 - and the industrial revolution, the political and economic interests of the state and of private capital will boost development. The state will be involved by developing a stimulating legislation - primarily the General Mine Law of 23 May 1854 - and through direct investment, and private capital by mining companies: Mine şi Cuptoare Company in Braşov; "Salgótarján"; "Uricani- Valea Jiului", "Valea Jiului de Sus". Work force will come from different parts of the Empire - which will trigger a population increase from 6670 inhabitants in 1854 to 50,015 inhabitants in 1910.
    [Show full text]
  • Hațeg Country Dinosaurs Geopark
    HAȚEG COUNTRY DINOSAURS GEOPARK The Hațeg Country Dinosaurs Geopark is located in the central part of Romania, in a very fertile region, surrounded by mountains from all directions. These natural features along with the cultural background make Hațeg Country a miniature Transylvania. The region is called a “country” from the Latin word “terra”, used in all the medieval documents to show the special character of this land. Protected by the mountains, the Romanian community here resisted the Hungarian conquest and managed to keep its forms of organization. The Geopark covers an area of 102.392 hectares, including a town (the town of Hațeg – 13000 inhabitants) and 10 communes, the total population of the Geopark area is about 39000 people. Besides the very picturesque landscapes, deep gorges, caves, alpine forests, meadows, orchards and crops the region hosts remains of the human history from Paleolithic to Roman Antiquity and from the Middle-Age to the Modern time. The most important sites are the ruins of the ancient capital of the Dacia province of the Roman Empire at Sarmizegetusa Ulpia Traiana, the numerous medieval churches among which the magnificent Densus church, a master piece of the Mid Age architecture, as well as the remains of the more recent castles and old nobles’ mansions. The region is world-wide known for its “dwarf dinosaurs” from the end of Cretaceous, 72-65 million years ago. This special paleontological heritage has inspired the name of the Geopark. Fifteen dinosaur species, both herbivorous and carnivorous from the region, were described, based on skeletal remains found in fossil fluvial and lake deposits.
    [Show full text]