KENNAN INSTITUTE 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20004-3027 Annual Report Tel

Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars One Woodrow Wilson Plaza KENNAN INSTITUTE 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20004-3027 Annual Report Tel. (202) 691-4100 Fax (202) 691-4247 2004–2005 www.wilsoncenter.org/kennan

KENNAN INSTITUTE

Kennan Institute Annual Report 2004–2005

Kennan Institute Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars One Woodrow Wilson Plaza 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20004-3027

T 202-691-4100 F 202-691-4247

www.wilsoncenter.org/kennan Back row (left to right): Blair A. Ruble, Edita Krunkaityte, F. Joseph Dresen, Renata Kosc-Harmatiy Front row (left to right): Summer Brown, Megan Yasenchak, Margaret Paxson, Erin Trouth Hofmann, Jennifer Giglio

Kennan Institute Staff Pavel Korolev, Program Officer Blair A. Ruble, Director Anna Toker, Accountant Margaret Paxson, Senior Associate Murad Pateev, Technical Support F. Joseph Dresen, Program Associate Jennifer Giglio, Program Associate Kennan Kyiv Project Renata Kosc-Harmatiy, Program Associate Yaroslav Pylynskyi, Project Manager Summer Brown, Program Specialist Nataliya Samozvanova, Office Manager Erin Trouth Hofmann, Program Assistant Edita Krunkaityte, Program Assistant Research Interns 2004–2005 Megan Yasenchak, Program Assistant Leeza Arkhangelskaya, Jaime Atteniese, Anna Azarov, Justin Caton, Simone D’Amico, Also employed at the Kennan Institute Sheila Dawes, Jamie Durana, Adrian Erlinger, during the 2004–05 program year: Natalya Grokh, Edward Holland, Arshak Thecla Frazier, Program Assistant Hovanesian, Conway Irwin, Marina Isupov, Nancy Popson, Senior Associate Munir Elahi Jawed, Amy Liedy, Christina Atiq Sarwari, Program Associate Ling, Kiija Manty, Alexander Remington, ii Caitlin Ryan, Aaron Sander, Raisa Kennan Moscow Project Sheynberg, Rebecca Stakun, Erin Urban, KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROWGalina WILSON Levina, CENTER Program Manager Maria Vassilieva, Talya Vatman, Ves Vorobyev, Ekaterina Alekseeva, Program Manager Alexei Voronin, Kristina Wyatt, Oliya and Editor Zamaray, Jonathan Zuk Irina Petrova, Office Manager ii CONTENTS

OVERVIEW 2

DIRECTOR’S REVIEW 4

ADVISORY COUNCILS 12

KENNAN COUNCIL 13

SCHOLARS 14

CENTERS FOR ADVANCED STUDY 20 AND EDUCATION

MEETINGS 23

PUBLICATIONS 52

FUNDING 55

Photographs for this report were provided by William Craft Brumfield, photographer and Professor of Slavic Languages at Tulane University and Helen Bodian, a New York photographer.The originals of Dr. Brumfield’s photographs are in the permanent collection of the Photographic Archives of the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C. OVERVIEW

The Kennan Institute was founded as a division of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in December 1974 through the joint initiative of Ambassador George F. Kennan, then Wilson Center Director James Billington, and historian S. Frederick Starr. Named in honor of Ambassador Kennan’s relative, George Kennan “the Elder” (1845–1924), a nineteenth-century explorer of Russia and Siberia, the Kennan Institute is committed to improving American expertise and knowledge about Russia, Ukraine, and other states in the region. It is one of several area studies programs of the Wilson Center. The Center is an international, interdisciplinary scholarly institution that fos- ters scholarship in the humanities and social sciences and encourages dialogue between the disciplines and the professions. The director of the Kennan Institute reports to the director of the Woodrow Wilson Center and receives guidance from the Kennan Institute Advisory Council and the Kennan Council. The Kennan Institute offers residential research scholarships in the humanities and social sciences to academic scholars and specialists from government, the media, and the private sector. Thanks to its location in Washington, D.C., the Kennan Institute is able to provide its scholars with access to libraries, archives, research facilities, and human resources that are among the finest in the United States. Following in the tradi- tion of the Wilson Center, the Institute also provides decision makers in the private and public sectors with access to the expertise of its scholars in residence through such activities as Policy Forums at the Belozersk. Transfiguration Cathedral, Belozersk kremlin. Department of State, its public lecture program, and (Photo: William Brumfield) interviews with the media. In addition to its residential scholar program, the Institute administers an active program of public lectures featuring scholars and public figures from the United States, Russia, and other successor states to the Soviet Union. The Institute makes the results of its activities known in a variety of publications including Meeting Reports, Occasional Papers, Special Reports, and commercially published books. The majority of Kennan Institute publications are available free of charge and are regularly distributed to individuals, university libraries, and companies throughout the world, and are available through the Internet. Through its innovative workshop series, the Kennan Institute serves as a forum where scholars can develop and discuss their research pertaining to a variety of topics concerning the region. The workshops bring together scholars with recent field experience from a variety of disciplines, with the goal of producing an original edited volume.

2 KENNAN INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT 2004–2005 3 and provide opportunities for the integration ofand provide Russian schol- Washington, and Institute operates centers in Moscow Kennan the lications, seminars, on important and conferences current themes fea- ch in the social sciences and humanities in Russia’s regions, in Russia’s ch in the social sciences and humanities net- build esear within Russia, s of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. anced r y scholar adv t Washington staffWashington and maintain contacts with various Russian and Ukrainian organizations. negie Corporation ofYork, New D. the John and CatherineT. MacArthur Foundation, and into the international academic community.currently is funded by program CASE The In addition to its office in Institute,The Kennan as part of Center,Wilson Woodrow the is a nonpartisan institution The Kennan Institute and the ISE Center (Information.The Kennan Scholarship. Education.), Moscow, s orks of yiv. The Kennan Moscow Project and Kennan Kyiv Project provide on-the-ground assistance provide Project Kyiv yiv. and Kennan Project Moscow The Kennan K to the The offices organize pub turing Institute alumni. Kennan Russian and Ukrainian for Kennan’s as the core serve They alumni networks. of the world from its independence that values politics. centers, academic research many Unlike however, academic specialists and policymakers. between dialogue it seeks to promote this To end, scholars, the Institute convenes specialists, governmental and other experts to discuss political, social, and economic issues affecting Russia and the other successor states to the Soviet Union, historical to place these issues within their context. seeking always administer the Centers for Advanced Study and Education (CASE) program. Study and Education (CASE) administer the Centers for Advanced pro- The CASE centers at regionalgram Russian universities. nine thematic research has established The CASEs suppor w ar Car the Ministr Belozersk. Church of the Epiphany. (Photo: William Brumfield) (Photo: William Belozersk. Church of the Epiphany. DIRECTOR’S REVIEW

Painting the Town Orange In December 2004, more than 30 of Latin America’s leading architects, urban planners, civic activists, and politicians gathered in Quito, Ecuador to discuss how historic cities and heritage preservation have become powerful tools for civic mobilization throughout the region. The Ecuadoran capital seemed to be the perfect venue for such a meeting, given the city government’s highly successful efforts to involve citizens in preserving and re-invigorating the historic town center. Speakers from Brazil, Argentina, and Colombia arrived with computers full of compelling Power Point presentations proclaiming their own accomplishments to any who would listen. In the end, though, the imaginations of all the participants were captured by tales from another city—a city almost as far from the Andes mountains as a city could be. That city was Kyiv, at the time the scene of massive demonstrations demanding the repudiation of what appeared to be a fraudulent presidential run-off election just a few weeks before. The events unfolding in Kyiv—now known as the Orange Revolution—proved to be of international and historic significance. As the urbanists in Quito grasped immediately, genuinely historic events are often quite local in origin. For them, the city of Kyiv and the role that it played in bringing about dramatic social and political change mattered far more than the fates of a pair of politicians named Viktor whose last names seemed too exotic to contemplate. When millions of people around the globe were paying attention to Ukraine, those of us who study the former Soviet Union were reminded that events in “our” region have broad implications for the world at large. Latin American urbanists discussed the Orange Revolution because it provided an example of how the physical structure of a city can promote civic mobilization. The Orange Revolution spoke to social scientists, policymakers, and journalists, many of whom knew little about Ukraine before December 2004. It fell to regional studies institutions, such as the Kennan Institute, to answer their questions and help Americans and others understand what was happening in Ukraine. Readers of this report will already be familiar with the drama of Ukraine at the end of 2004. The first round of Ukraine’s presidential elections had ended inconclusively in already troubled balloting on October 31. According to the final official vote tally, Viktor Yushchenko—a former prime minister and symbol of a western-oriented band of reformers—received 39.9 percent of the vote, while then-Prime Minister Viktor Yanukovych received 39.26 percent, necessitating a run-off election, which was held on Sunday, November 21. As the polls were closing that evening, international observers released exit polls projecting a Yushchenko victory. Widespread rumors of fraud were surfacing even before the last votes had been cast. Consequently, Yushchenko supporters were primed to believe that their candidate had won even before the official results were released. From their perspective, any outcome other than an “orange” victory could only be the result of massive fraud. The Central Election Commission announced quite different results, placing Yanukovych in the lead at 49.46 percent to Yushchenko’s 46.61 percent. Widespread statistical anomalies, as well as a cavalcade of reports of intimidation and shenanigans of various kinds, immediately called the

4 Kyiv. Khreshchatyk street and the tent city. (Photo: Helen Bodian) result into doubt. Before the evening was out, the Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights of the Organization for Security and Co-Operation in Europe released a statement concluding: “As in the first round, state executive authorities and the Central Election Commission displayed a lack of will to conduct a genuine democratic election process.” Not surprisingly, in a city in which over 70 percent of the voters had sided with Yushchenko, crowds of protesters immediately ran from their apartments into Kyiv’s sub-freezing streets. By Monday morning, thousands of disgusted citizens under the leadership of the student movement “Pora” (“It’s Time”) had taken up residence in a tent city that spread throughout Maydan Nezalezhnosti (Independence Square) along Kyiv’s main street, the Khreshchatyk, just as tense political battles were beginning nearby in the Verkhovna Rada (Ukraine’s Parliament). A number of city councils across the country—including that of Kyiv—declared the election results invalid; Kyiv mayor Oleksandr Omelchenko announced that city authorities would not try to clear the city’s streets of pro- 5 testers. Meanwhile, Russian President Putin was already congratulating Yanukovych, and pro- K E Yanokovich city and regional administrations in southern and eastern Ukraine were threatening seces- N N sion should their candidate be prevented from assuming power. A N The stage was set by the early hours of November 22 for weeks of intense behind-the-scenes I N negotiation involving senior European Union, Polish, Lithuanian, Russian, and Ukrainian offi- S T I cials; protracted legal battles; stormy parliamentary debates; and opposing claims of victory. This T U T high drama was played out before throngs of hundreds of thousands of people (perhaps reaching E A

well over a million at times) coursing through Kyiv’s streets. N

These events are both too well known and far too intricate to record fully here. The turning N U point in the story proved to be the Ukrainian Supreme Court’s dramatic decision to hear com- A L R

plaints concerning election fraud brought by the Yushchenko campaign. That session, which E P commenced on November 29, was carried out in full public view and broadcast throughout O R

Ukraine on television. In a decision released early on the evening of December 3, the Court T 2 ruled that members of the Central Election Commission “did not investigate the reports of the 0 0 4 – 2 0 0 5 territorial elections commissions concerning the voting process within the boundaries of their electoral territories, and did not check their authenticity, their truthfulness, or their complete- ness.”The Justices continued that, “at the time the CEC delivered its final results on the runoff vote for the presidency, the courts had not yet completed their examination of the complaints submitted concerning the inactions, actions, and decisions of the territorial electoral commissions.” The actions were therefore “not in accord with law. Consequently, the decision adopted by the CEC is void.” Having annulled the results of the November 21 ballot, the Court ruled that a new nation-wide runoff was necessary. Political negotiation among Ukraine’s power elite became increasingly intense as the joyous demonstrators on the Maydan celebrated their breakthrough moment. Despite some additional false-starts and breakdowns in comity, the advantage clearly swung to favor the Yushchenko forces. A final compromise deal passed Parliament on December 8, including a package of laws which set the new run-off date for December 26, changed the election law (the Constitutional Court would subsequently overturn some of these provisions), and approved a package of constitutional provisions which had long been favored by President Kuchma to transform Ukraine from a Presidential to a Parliament-dominat- ed form of government in 2006. Ukraine, much to the jubilation on the Maydan, was set on a new course. The lead-up to the December 26 vote proved to be almost anti-climat- ic. Much (but hardly all) of the crowd on the Maydan and Kyiv. Night scene at the tent city. (Photo: Helen Bodian) Khreshchatyk dispersed, confident of a Yushchenko victory. More than 29 million Ukrainians went to their polling places for a third time in two months to elect Viktor Yushchenko their new president by a vote of 51.99 percent to 44.2 percent. Yushchenko was inaugurated on January 23, 2005 after a few more weeks of unsuc- cessful legal maneuvering by Yanukovych. While there appears to have been an air of inevitability about the success of the Orange Revolution in hindsight, any number of alternative scenarios were possible, especially had violence broken out. The fact that the crowds of demonstrators were extremely well disciplined helped to bring about a peaceful outcome. Moreover, many in the security forces visibly backed away from the use of force very early on in the demonstrations. Most important for the outcome of the Orange Revolution, people on all sides of the barricades understood the horrid conflagra- tion that surely would have followed in the wake of any violence. In the end, the politics of compromise prevailed. The Orange Revolution was without question a defining moment in recent Ukrainian history, and an event of international importance. What happened on the city’s streets during November and December 2004 both reconfigured the future of the Ukrainian capital as an urban community and, in very real ways, was a product of the city itself.

6 Kyiv literally shaped events firstly by its physical form. The city’s main street—the Khreshchatyk—was rebuilt as one of the Soviet Union’s premier examples of Stalinist urban planning following its total destruction during World War II. The avenue arose refreshed by huge, florid examples of totalitarian architecture matched in scale and extent only in parts of Moscow and East Berlin. Approximately one-third of the way along its route from what was once Komsomol (Young Communist League) Square in the east to Bessarabskaya Square in the west, the Khreshchatyk explodes outwards into a large square to be used for appropriately grand official Communist Party demonstrations. This square was renamed Maydan Nezalezhnosti, or Independence Square, after 1991. Under the direction of Mayor Omelchenko and his administration, the Maydan became the site of an underground shopping complex and a “temporary” stage for rock concerts that was outfitted with stadium-size television screens and sound systems. The mayor sponsored closing the Khreshchatyk and the Maydan to vehicular traffic on Sundays, creating an enormous outdoor space for promenading. Kyvians adopted the entire area as their own, with upwards of half-a-million people strolling about, shopping and listening to music on any given Sunday. As the participants in the Quito meeting appreciated, the Maydan was a perfect location for such a central public space. Nestled in a small valley among various fragments of the overall city (Pechersk, “Old Kyiv,”Bessarabka, etc.), the Maydan exerts a central gravitational force giving form and definition to Kyiv’s urban life. Nearly all of the city’s major institutions are located nearby. Apartment houses first built for prominent members of the Soviet regime similarly are close by, many occupied by residents ready to cook a warm meal to feed demonstrators camped on their doorsteps. Connected to the rest of the city by several subway and major bus lines, the Maydan had become the focal point for civic life well before demonstrators turned it orange. Protesters naturally headed straight for the Maydan on the night of November 21–22 when it appeared that someone was trying to steal the country’s presidential election. For Latin American urban specialists, Kyiv had been miraculously built as a perfect stage for revolution. As many participants in the Quito meeting understood, the political city joined with the physical city in support of efforts to bring Viktor Yushchenko to power. As already noted, the Kyiv City Council was among the first to reject the results of the November 21 presidential run-off being released by the Central Election Commission. Mayor Omelchenko went further, paying back Kuchma for the President’s various attempts to drive him from office, by literally keeping the lights on in the Maydan. City officials kept the subways and busses running, the sound stage volume turned up high, the enormous stadium-sized television screens switched on. City officials spurred on revolution merely by operating as if all were normal. 7

The subject of how the Orange Revolution came about, whether it was really a “revolu- K E tion,” and its ultimate meaning and legacy will be subjects of investigation and dispute for N N

years—perhaps decades or even centuries—to come. These investigations and disputes will, of A course, be of great interest to Ukrainians and to those who study and care about Ukraine. But N I N

they will also be important to anyone anywhere who is interested in how democratic institu- S T I tions emerge and take root, in urban political drama, in successful and failed systemic reform. T U

A subject properly considered to be “ours” by the core constituencies of the Kennan Institute, T E in fact, belongs to everyone. A N

For this reason, among many, the Orange Revolution reveals the ways in which the Kennan N U

Institute has evolved and must continue to evolve into a stage for developing ideas which tran- A L scend the societies and geographic areas nominally of our central concern. Scholars at the R E P

Institute and speakers in our programs must tell the world why Russia, Ukraine, and other suc- O R cessor states to the Soviet Union matter. This is a challenge for all of us who worry about our T 2 field of study, as well as about our institute. 0 0 4 – 2 0 0 5 Baklanka (Vologda oblast'). Log house. (Photo: William Brumfield)

The attention of Quito, Ecuador was riveted on Kyiv, Ukraine for several days in late 2004. The Kennan Institute—and the Slavic studies field more generally—must have something worthy to say when the world’s attention turns our way, as it did last December. I am proud that we responded with vigor, imagination, and wisdom; I hope and trust we will do so when our time comes once again. The pages that follow summarize what we have done this year. This has been a year in which everyone who has come to the Kennan Institute has been compelled to address wider audiences, to make our part of the world—and our intellectual concerns—meaningful to others. This task is perhaps even more demanding when hundreds of thousands of people are not in the streets of the capitals of “our” region, when daily life seems “normal.” The 2004–05 program year was a very full year for the Institute. We hosted 101 events, including: conferences on the future of Russian studies, Russian and Soviet science, Russia’s integration with the West, European integration and urban history, economic growth and environmental security in Russia, commercial law reform in Russia and Eurasia, the Russo-Japanese War, and the European Union’s new eastern border; a Title VIII-Supported Research Workshop on migration in Central Eurasia; three international working groups supported by the CASE program; a regular program of seminars and Noon Discussions; and alumni seminars and conferences in Russia and Ukraine. Over 3,600 people attended Kennan Institute public events throughout the program year. In addition, the Institute hosted 61 residential scholars. 8 Cooperative partners and generous funding agencies are essential to successful programming at an institution such as the Kennan Institute. I would like to acknowledge and express my heart- felt thanks for the generous support that we have received during the past year from Carnegie Corporation of New York; the U.S. Department of State through the Title VIII Program and the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs; the U.S. Embassies in Moscow and Kyiv; the ISE Center in Moscow; the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation; the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; the American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies; the American Bar Association/Central European and Eurasian Law Initiative; the American Center, Moscow; Brock University; the Carter Center; the Center for Global Change and Governance, Rutgers University; the Center for Russian Environmental Policy, Moscow; Dartmouth College; the Department of Politics, University of Glasgow; Environmental Defense, Washington, D.C.; the Finnish National Defense College Library; Georgia Southern University; the Goethe Institute, Boston; the Guest House, Helsinki University; the Harvard Project on Cold War Studies; the Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute; the Henry M. Jackson Foundation; Human Rights First; the Institute for Russian-American Economic Cooperation; the International House of Japan; International Research and Exchanges Board, Washington, D.C.; the London School of Economics; Los Alamos National Laboratory; the Military History Research Institute, Potsdam, Germany; the Minda de Gunzburg Center for European Studies, Harvard University; the National Council for Eurasian and East European Research (NCEEER), Washington, D.C.; the Portsmouth Peace Treaty Anniversary Committee; the Renvall Institute, Helsinki University; Rodina; the Royal Canadian Military Institute; the Royal Institute of International Affairs, London; the Russian, East European, and Central Asian Studies Program, University of Washington; the Slavic Research Center, Hokkaido University; the Slavonic Library of the Helsinki University Library; the Southern Conference of Slavic Studies; The Japan Foundation; The Washington Group; the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom; the U.S.-Ukraine Foundation; United States Army Command and General Staff College; the University of Georgia; the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; the University of Wisconsin, Madison; the World Bank; the Yomiuri Shimbun Research Institute; and the Asia Program, Cold War International History Project, Comparative Urban Studies Project, Division of International Security Studies, East European 9 Studies, Environmental Change and Security Project, Latin America Program, Middle East K E

Program, and Science, Technology, America, and the Global Economy of the Woodrow Wilson N

International Center for Scholars. N A N I N S T I T U

In closing, I would like to make special note of the Kennan Institute staff in Washington, T E

Moscow, and Kyiv, without whom none of the accomplishments of the past year would have A N

been possible. I have had the incommensurable good fortune of working with a group of individ- N U

uals over the past year who have consistently set a high standard to which I can only aspire. A L

Ekaterina Alekseeva, Summer Brown, Joseph Dresen, Jennifer Giglio, Renata Harmatiy, Erin R E

Hofmann, Pavel Korolev, Edita Krunkaityte, Galina Levina, Murad Pateev, Margaret Paxson, P O

Irina Petrova, Yaroslav Pylynsky, Anna Toker, S. Todd Weinberg, and Megan Yasenchak have R T been true colleagues. Thecla Frazier, Nancy Popson, and Atiq Sarwari, who have left the Institute 2 0 0

this past year, are already missed. I value deeply their collective and individual intelligence, imag- 4 – ination, integrity, and good cheer. All who care about the Kennan Institute are in their debt. 2 0 0 5 Blair A. Ruble October 1, 2005 In Memoriam George F. Kennan, 1904–2005 Kennan Institute co-founder George F. Kennan passed away on March 17, 2005, at the age of 101. Professor Kennan was a leading public servant who exerted a remarkable influence over U.S. foreign policy at a critical moment in our history, and was a great fig- ure in twentieth century American letters who contributed profoundly to international scholarship through the remarkable depth of his understanding of Russia. Together with then- Wilson Center Director James Billington and historian S. Frederick Starr, he established the Kennan Institute in December 1974. Professor Kennan envisioned the Institute as a place where scholars, policymakers, and the public could discuss all aspects of Russian studies—from politics and economics to history and literature. The Kennan Institute strives to honor the legacy of this great American scholar and diplomat. The following are excerpts from the remarks of Blair A. Ruble at the memorial service for George F. Kennan, held at the National Cathedral in Washington D.C., on 6 April 2005: I think all of us who have worked at the Kennan Institute over the years have understood that being at the Institute is something more than a job. Indeed, all of us at the Kennan Institute

Belozersk. Church of the Dormition. (Photo: William Brumfield) and the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars of which it is a part have been asked by one of the most influential gentleman of the twentieth century to carry his vision of the world forward into the twenty-first century. We have all been honored by the opportunity that Professor Kennan has given us by making this request. What I did not fully understand until recently, is that we are also a symbol of—and I would hope a careful steward of—Professor Kennan’s special relationship with Russia. That relationship stood at the core of all of his writings about the country, especially following World War II when so much was uncertain. Few policy documents have exerted the impact on American foreign policy that George F. Kennan’s “long telegram” did in February 1946. Professor Kennan wrote his famous communication long hand over the course of a weekend. His ability to prepare such a forceful policy statement nonetheless rested on years of study of Russian history and culture as a postgraduate student at the University of Berlin during the early 1920s, and subsequently as an analyst posted in the American Embassy in Riga during the early 1930s. He went on to help open the U.S. Embassy in Moscow later in the decade, and published some delightful recollections of what it was like to be in Spaso House—the official residence of the American Ambassador in Moscow—at a time when half-crazed Soviet agents were still living in the attic overhead.

10 Professor Kennan had been asked to set out the possible parameters of future American policy during a postwar period of deteriorating U.S.-Soviet relations. One can only imagine the effort it took on Monday morning to have that very long telegram entered into code before being sent back to Washington. The document was so unwieldy, in fact, that Professor Kennan found it necessary to begin with a courtly apology for “burdening the tel- egraphic channel.” Reading the long telegram today, it becomes clear that Professor Kennan was able to respond so compellingly to a policy assignment from his superiors because he had already devoted a lifetime to the study of the historical and cultural factors shaping Soviet behavior. More than nearly every other American of his era, he had climbed inside the Russian being. Russians, of course, appreciate his pro- found understanding of their country and culture better than anyone else. Mikhail Gorbachev perhaps best captured this special relationship between Kennan and Russia when he told Professor Kennan, “We in our country believe that a man may be the friend of another country and remain, at the same time, a loyal and devoted citizen of his own; and that is the way we view you.” One of the many privileges of being director of the Kennan Institute has been the experience of watching how Russians greeted Professor Kennan’s 100th birthday just a year ago. At a gathering organized 11 K by the Russian alumni of the Kennan Ustiuzhna. Church of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God. E (Photo: William Brumfield) N Institute, then Duma Deputy Aleksei N A

Arbatov noted that “Kennan...as no one N I else, felt the enduring, deep connection between internal and external Russian life,” while N S

Academician Nikolai Bolkhovitinov observed that Professor Kennan’s “deep knowledge of T I T contemporary Russian life, Russian history, and Russia, together with his affection for U T Chekhov and Leo Tolstoi, went hand in hand with his hatred toward the Soviet system E A imposed by Joseph Stalin.” N N

I am only now coming to understand that Professor Kennan not only helped Americans U A of the past to define a way of thinking about Russia that could foresee an end of the Soviet L R E

Union; he is helping many Russians of today think about their own history in a way which P O

can combine both pride in Russian achievement and moral censure for all that the Soviet R T regime represented. 2 0 0 4 – 2 0 0 5 ADVISORY COUNCILS

The Advisory Council advises the Kennan Institute on all scholarly aspects of its work. The Council reviews Title VIII-Supported Research Scholarship, Short-Term, and Central Eurasian Short-Term grant applications. Council members, who normally serve for four years, also assist the Institute indi- vidually by advising staff members and helping organize conferences. The Russian Alumni Association Advisory Council advises the Kennan Institute on the direction and form of alumni activities in the Russian Federation. The Ukrainian Alumni Association Advisory Council performs similar duties in Ukraine. Alumni Council members normally serve for three or four years and rep- resent various regions of Russia and Ukraine. The members during the 2004–05 program year were: Kennan Institute Advisory Council

Amb. Thomas W. Simons, Jr. Oleksiy Haran John Tedstrom Chair Center for National Security Studies, EastWest Institute, New York; and Harvard University and Stanford University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, Transatlantic Partners Against AIDS University and the Eurasia Foundation Heinrich Vogel Harley Balzer Kathleen Kuehnast German Institute for International and Georgetown University Institute of European, Russian, Security Affairs; and University of and Eurasian Studies, Amsterdam Nadia Diuk George Washington University National Endowment for Democracy Grace Kennan Warnecke Beth Mitchneck Consultant Leokadia Drobizheva University of Arizona Institute of Sociology, Russian Academy of Sciences *The Kennan Institute would like to extend special thanks to outgoing Advisory Council members Thomas W. Simons, Jr., Oleksiy Haran, John Tedstrom, and Heinrich Vogel. We greatly appreciate all their hard work. Russian Alumni Association Advisory Council

Iurii Baturin, Chair Irina Dezhina Revekka Voulfovich Russian Cosmonaut Center, Institute of Economics of Transition, Northwestern Academy for Public Zvezdnyi gorodok Moscow Administration, St. Petersburg

Vladimir Iakimets, Vice Chair Aleksandr Kubyshkin Institute for Systems Analysis, Russian Volgograd State University Academy of Sciences, Moscow *The Kennan Institute would like to extend special thanks to outgoing Council members Iurii Baturin, Vladimir Iakimets, and Revekka Voulfovich. We greatly appreciate all their hard work. Ukrainian Alumni Advisory Council

Oleksandr Fisun, Chair Antonina Kolodii Nataliya Vysotska Kharkiv National University Kyiv International University Kyiv State Linguistic University

Volodymyr Anderson Adriy Rukkas Odesa National University Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University 12 KENNAN COUNCIL

For over 30 years, the Kennan Institute has worked to improve American expertise and knowledge about Russia and the other successor states to the Soviet Union. Recognizing the need to build on the successes of the past, in 2001 the Institute established a private sector advisory board—the Kennan Council. Members are drawn from the worlds of business, finance, law, and public policy. The Kennan Council was founded with two goals in mind. First, it is intended to help ensure the financial strength of the Kennan Institute. Second, it enables the Institute to broaden its programming to inform and learn from the issues confronting the private sector in Russia, Ukraine, and other states in the region. Members are asked to help identify which issues, whether political, social, or economic, are of the greatest concern to the private sector, and to help with fundraising. The Kennan Institute has always brought together the worlds of academia and public policy in discussing Russia and the other successor states to the Soviet Union. The creation of the Kennan Council has allowed the Institute to bring the concerns and experience of the private sector into this discussion as well. Kennan Council

Christopher Kennan, Chair Richard Herold Richard W. Moncrief LuxeFragrances, LLP BP Moncrief Oil International, Inc.

Len Blavatnik, Vice Chair Robert Israel The Honorable Access Industries Compass Advisors LLP Thomas Pickering The Boeing Company Thomas Craig Bennett Theodore C. Jonas Société Générale DLA Piper Rudnick Gray Cary Daniel Poneman The Scowcroft Group Peter Francis Boris Jordan ExxonMobil Corporation The Sputnik Group Paul Rodzianko Access Industries 13

Zev Furst James C. Langdon, Jr. K

First International Resources Akin Gump Strauss Hauer E

Peter L. Schaffer N

& Feld LLP A La Vieille Russie N A N I N S T I T U T E A N N U A L R E P O R T 2 0 0 4 – 2 0 0 5 SCHOLARS

The Kennan Institute’s residential fellowship program supports outstanding research on Russia, Ukraine, and other states in the region in the fields of the social sciences and the humanities. During the 2004–05 program year, the Institute hosted nine types of grants: Woodrow Wilson Center Fellowships, Galina Starovoitova Fellowships on Human Rights and Conflict Resolution, Senior Scholarships, Senior Policy Scholarships, Public Policy Scholarships, Fulbright-Kennan Institute Research Scholarships, Title VIII-Supported Research Scholarships, Central Eurasian Short-Term (CEST) grants, and Short-Term grants. The competitive application process is open to qualified academic scholars as well as practitioners from government, media, and the private sector. All programs except Short-Term grants are limited to candidates with doctoral degrees or equivalent professional achievement. The Fulbright-Kennan Institute Research Scholarship program, which began in September 2003, is funded by the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs (ECA) of the United States Department of State. ECA also funds the Galina Starovoitova Fellowship on Human Rights and Conflict Resolution. Research Scholarships and most Short-Term grants are funded by the Program for Research and Training on Eastern Europe and the Independent States of the Former Soviet Union (Title VIII), administered by the Bureau of Intelligence and Research of the Department of State. A number of Short-Term grants are also provided by the Kennan Institute’s George F.Kennan Fund. Kennan Institute scholars have direct access to libraries, research facilities, and human resources that are among the finest available in the United States. Resident scholars regularly par- ticipate in public lectures and seminars, specialized conferences, and informal presentations at the Institute and the Woodrow Wilson Center. The Institute provides a professional working environment where scholars forge links with American and international colleagues and institutions. Resident scholars have the opportunity to disseminate their research to a larger audience through the publications and public lecture programs of the Institute. During the 2004–05 program year, the Kennan Institute hosted 61 resident scholars whose work included topics in politics, sociology, history, literature, economics, and the arts throughout the former Soviet Union. The scholars at the Kennan Institute during the past year came from around the world and formed a community of scholars who contributed to the life of the Institute and helped to further American understanding of the social, political, and economic dynamics of the successor states to the Soviet Union. “I particularly benefited from being able to access Kennan Institute’s library holdings. I will mention in particular multi-year collections of periodicals on Soviet/post-Soviet topics…All in all, I found Kennan to be a very productive and stimulating research environment and greatly appreciate the opportunity to have been a short-term resident.” Sada Aksartova, March 2005

14 KENNAN INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT 2004–2005 15 , fairs to Editor-in-Chief, , she completed research on e –April 2004 April 2005 – Moscow. “Role of Defending Lawyer “Role of Defending Moscow. to State in Criminal Cases Related 2005. Secrets.” October 2004–April Grigorii Pasko and Human Rights Environment December 2003 October 2004–April 2005 – , April–July 2004 December 2003 , , October 2004 , September President, , , 2006. y Director, Norwegian Director, Foreign Service Officer, Ivan Pavlov Anatoly Krasikov Aleksandr Osipov Davlat Khudonazarov Grigorii Pasko , , uar fice of the U.S. Embassy in Moscow. Galina Starovoitova was a leading human fice of the U.S. Embassy in Moscow. Davlat Khudonazarov “FOCUS” Humanitarian Foundation, “FOCUS” of Human “The Problems Moscow. of Tajik Rights: A Case Study October Immigrants in Russia.” 2004–April 2005. and participant, Exceptional OfficerAnalyst/Intelligence Program, U.S. Department “The of State. Impact of the Political and Social Development of Islam in Central Asia.” April–August 2005. Rolf Tamnes Rolf Kelly Kivler Kelly Institute for Defense Studies. “Russia in U.S. Petroleum Policy: The Barents Regional Dimension.” September 2005–Febr June 2003 fairs of – oodrow Wilson International in honor of Galina Starovoitova. Center for Scholars The 0–June 2001 ovoitova Fellowship ovoitova Fellowship h–August 2000 ogram at the United States Institute for Peace during 1993–1994, wher c former , September 2001–January 2002 om the Russian Federation who have successfully bridged the worlds of ideas and public af om the Russian Federation who have successfully bridged the worlds of ideas October 2001–July 2002 September 2002 Mar , General Director, , , , , Vice Rector for Vice , September 200 ,

mation of New Parliamentary tment of State and the Public Af

gei Baburkin Zaindi Choltaev Emil Payin Aleksandr Nikitin Smirnov William Ser Recipients Fellowship is funded and administered in cooperation with the Bureau of Educational and Cultural AffairsFellowship is funded and administered of the U.S. Depar The Galina Starovoitova Fellowship on Human Rights and Conflict Resolution was established following U.S. SecretaryThe Galina Starovoitova Fellowship on of 25 January fellowship 1999 speech in Moscow in which she announced funding for a memorial State Madelieine Albright’s at the Kennan Institute of the W Galina Star Conflict Resolution on Human Rights and rights advocate and a deputy in the Russian lower house of parliament (Duma). She won her Duma seat from St. Petersburg rights advocate and a deputy in the Russian December 1995 legislative elections. Starovoitova served in the Congress of Peoples’ Deputies during in Russia’s was a co-founder of the Democratic Russia 1989–1991 and was a presidential advisor on ethnic relations until 1992. She She was also a fellow in the Jennings movement. In 1989, Galina Starovoitova was a visiting scholar at the Kennan Institute. Randolph fellowship pr self-determination movements in the former Soviet Union, and a visiting professor at Brown University. In keeping with both self-determination movements in the former Soviet Union, and a visiting professor at Brown University. Wilson and Galina Starovoitova, the Starovoitova Fellowship is available to prominent scholars the legacies of Woodrow or policy makers fr advance human rights and conflict resolution. Human Rights Institute, Moscow. “Post- Institute, Moscow. Human Rights CIS Persecutions in Soviet Political for Rule of Countries: New Context March–June 2005. Law.” Igor Grazin Rodric Braithwaite Rodric Public Policy Scholars Public Policy Valentin Gefter Valentin Galina Starovoitova Fellows on Human Rights and Conflict Resolution Rights and on Human Fellows Starovoitova Galina British Ambassador to the Soviet British Ambassador “Moscow Union/Russian Federation. People at War.” 1941: A City and Its April–June 2005. and Political Structures in the Late USSR.” December 2004–February 2005. Development and International Relations, University Nord, Estonia. “The For Senior Policy Scholar Senior Scholar William Green Miller, former U.S. Murray Feshbach, Research Professor Ambassador to Ukraine. “Creation of a Emeritus, Georgetown University. “Policy Relationship between Ukraine and the Implications of Population, Health, and U.S.” January 2000–December 2005. Environment Trends in Russia.” October 2000–September 2006. “Generally, my stay at the Kennan Institute has been quite productive and very pleasant, for which I’m deeply grateful to all the people both of the Kennan Institute and the Wilson Center.” Olga Demidova, February 2005

Woodrow Wilson Center Fellows Marta Dyczok, Associate Professor, John Garrard, Professor, Department Tomila Lankina, Senior Research Departments of History and Political of Russian and Slavic Studies, Fellow, Institute for the Social Science, University of Western University of Arizona. “From Party Sciences, Humboldt University, Ontario, and Fellow, Center for to Patriarch: Russian Orthodoxy Germany. “The Impact of the ‘West’ Russian and East European Studies, Resurgent.” September 2004– on Russia’s Northwest.” September University of Toronto. “What Role April 2005. 2004–May 2005. Does Mass Media Play in Post- Communist Ukraine?” September Christian Haerpfer, Professor, Marlene Laruelle, Postdoctoral Fellow, 2005–June 2006. Department of Political Science, French Institute for Central Asian University of Vienna, Austria. Studies, Tashkent. “The Teaching of Ilya Gaiduk, Senior Research Fellow, “Democracy and Market Economy in Nationalism Among Russia’s Higher Institute of World History, Russian Post-Soviet Europe.” September Education System: Cultural Academy of Sciences, Moscow. “The 2004–May 2005. Determinism as a Response Soviet Union and the United States at to Globalization?” September the United Nations During the Cold Joseph Harahan, Senior Historian, 2005–June 2004. War.” September 2005–June 2006. Defense Threat Reduction Agency, U.S. Department of Defense. “With Courage and Persistence…the United States, Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Ukraine and the Cooperative Threat Reduction Program 1992–2004.” September 2005– June 2006. Research Scholars Steven Barnes, Assistant Professor, Eric Lohr, Assistant Professor, Jessica Allina-Pisano, Assistant Department of History, George Mason Department of History, American Professor, Department of Political University. “Behind Barbed Wire: University. “Citizenship in Imperial and Science, Colgate University. Daily Life in the Soviet Gulag.” Revolutionary Russia.” “Politics and Property Rights Under August–December 2005. January–September 2005. Neoliberalism: Land Reform in Post- Soviet Russia and Ukraine.” Paul Hagenloh, Assistant Professor, Ruth Mandel, Lecturer, Department of January–June 2005. Department of History, University of Anthropology, University College Alabama. “Police, Crime, and Public London, UK. “An Anthropological Order in Stalin’s Russia.” August Critique of International Development 2004–May 2005. Assistance in the Former Soviet Union: The Case of Kazakhstan.” September 2004– July 2005.

16 KENNAN INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT 2004–2005 17 .” ’viv. “Discourses ’viv. Senior Research L Assistant Professor, Senior Media Law ork Experience , , , , W s ensions and Ethnic Conflicts tment of Journalism, Ivan Franko ties Union’ ch–September 2005. mation of Ukrainian Identity Serhiy Rymarenko Lyudmyla Pavlyuk Lyudmyla Nataliya Petrova in Individual Liberties/Civil Rights Defense.” September 2005–March 2006. Expert, Top Media Project, Odesa. Expert, Top “Familiarization with American Civil Liber Fellow, Institute of Political and Ethnic Fellow, Studies, National Academy of “Sources Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv. of Ethnic T in Post-Communist Countries.” September 2004–March 2005. Depar National University of Extremes: Public Sphere and For Mar Jessica Allina-Pisano,Jessica 2005 June , , Associate ch 2005. , Chair of Theory of Consultant, Institute , , ch Scholars ch 2005. national Relations, Taras aras Shevchenko National University Foreign Languages, Department of Borys HrynchenkoPhilology, Kyiv Municipal Pedagogical University. “Puritan Discourse of American Romantic Literature.” September 2005–March 2006. Kyiv. “International Political and Legal Kyiv. Century.” Order in the Twenty-First September 2004–Mar Professor, Department of International Professor, Institute of International Relations, Law, T Kyiv. “Afghanistan and U.S. Foreign “Afghanistan and U.S. Kyiv. Policy 1991–2003.” September 2004–Mar of Inter Shevchenko National University Tetyana Mykhed Tetyana Pavlo Kyrpenko Oleksandr Merezhko . “Russia and ch 2005. . Professor and , Professor, , eign Policy in Crisis Associate Professor and , ch 2005. tment of Literature, St. Petersburg riters’ Unions in Exile.” September larly appreciated the opportunity appreciated the of scholars to become acquainted with the community with affiliated larly at the Center.Kennan and the other programs collegial relationships here which developed I expect I have career,to maintain throughout my colleagues from throughout Russia met glad to have especially and I was and Ukraine. generous with their time and were exceptionally senior colleagues at the Center Some of my Wilson Center makes the intellectual life Kennan guidance, that Kennan is housed within the and the fact attractive.” offers particularly Multilateral Institutions: New Patterns, Dilemmas, and Challenges.” September 2004–Mar State Pedagogical University Depar “Compiling the History of the Russian W 2004–Mar Igor Kiselev Chair, Department of Social and Chair, State Political Science, Yaroslavl’ “Stage Image and the University. Framing of For Situations.” March–September 2005. Aleksandr Khodnev Olga Demidova Chair, Department of World History Department of World Chair, State Department, Yaroslavl’ Pedagogical University Korolevskaya village (Vologda oblast'). Bolotova house. (Photo: William Brumfield) (Photo: William oblast'). Bolotova house. Korolevskaya village (Vologda Fulbright-Kennan Institute Resear Fulbright-Kennan Institute “I found the Kennan Institute and the Woodrow Wilson Center to be an excellent place to work.IWilson Center to be an excellent place particu- Woodrow the “I found the Kennan Institute and Tatiana Samsonova, Professor, Boris Shpotov, Senior Research and Conflict in the U.S. and Russian Department of Sociology, Moscow Fellow, Center for North American Institution Building Projects in Eastern State University. “Political Socialization Studies, Russian Academy of Europe and Central Eurasia.” August and Civic Education for the 21st Sciences, Moscow. “Archival and 2005–February 2006. Century: Russia and the U.S.” Library Research on American September 2005–March 2006. Technical Assistance to USSR in Sufian Zhemukhov, Associate 1920–30s.” March–September Professor, Department of Social and Yaroslav Senyk, Scientific Researcher, 2005. Humanities Education, Kabardino- Manuscript Division, L’viv Stefanyk Balkarian State University, Nalchik. Scientific Library. “Ukrainian Emigre Alexei Stukanov, Associate Professor, “Caucasus in American Press in the United States, Chair of the Department of World Historiography.” September 1886–1939: Historical and Politics, Tomsk State University. 2005–March 2006. Bibliographical Research.” September “Global Problems, Local Solutions: 2004-March 2005. Local Authorities as Interest Groups in Washington, D.C.” September Viacheslav Shironin, Senior Research 2004–April 2005. Fellow, Institute of Socio-Economic Analysis and Private Sector Mikhail Troitskiy, Assistant Professor, Development, Moscow. “Small Department of International Relations Business in Russia: Researching the and Foreign Policy of Russia, Moscow Blank Spots and Correcting the State Institute of International Relations. Misconceptions.” March– “Exploring Possibilities for a Sustained September 2005. U.S.-Russian Partnership: Cooperation

“I am very grateful to the Kennan Institute for granting me this opportunity to work for an uninterrupt- ed period of 30 days while using the great resources in Washington, D.C.” Dariusz Tolczyk, January 2005

Short-Term Scholars Fatimakhon Ahmedova, Lecturer, David Engerman, Assistant Professor Behind the Fiction: The Status of Faculty of Law, Khujand State of History, Brandeis University and Social Services in Russia Today.” University, Tajikistan. “Reforming Research Associate, Davis Center for August–September 2005. Juvenile Justice in Tajikistan.” Russian and Eurasian Studies, Harvard November–December 2004. University. “Know Your Enemy: Barbara Janusz, Ph.D. candidate, American Sovietology and the Making Faculty of Law, Jagiellonen University, Sada Aksartova, Ph.D. candidate, of the Cold War.” July 2005. Cracow, Poland. “The Current Department of Sociology, Princeton International Legal Status of the University. “Civil Society from Abroad: Gordon Hahn, independent scholar, Caspian Sea.” May-June 2005. Western Donors in the Former Soviet CA. “Putin’s Federative Reforms: Union.” February–March 2005. Provoking Communalism and Radical Samvel Jeshmaridian, Professor, Islam.” January–February 2005. Department of Pedagogy and Sharyl Cross, Professor and Chair, Psychology, Yerevan Acharian Department of Political Science, Bohdan Harasymiw, Professor, University, Armenia. “Feminism and San Jose State University and Department of Political Science, Globalization.” September 2005. Professor, Department of Political University of Calgary, Canada. Science, U.S. Air Force Academy. “Soviet Bureaucratic Survivors in Post- Richard Krickus, Professor “Russian-American Cooperation and Soviet Ukraine, 1992–2002.” June of Political Science and International Conflict in the War on Terrorism.” 2005. Affairs, Mary Washington College, April, November–December 2004. VA. “The Nationalities Question, Jane Harris, Professor, Department of Social Science Theory and U.S. Policy Slavic Languages and Literatures, Toward the USSR.” December 2004. University of Pittsburgh. “The Reality

18 KENNAN INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT 2004–2005 19 Poland. , Assistant , Professor, , Associate Assistant Associate , , , State University and olczyk g ofessor, Department of Slavic ofessor, Department of Political Science, St. Petersbur Education Center for Civil Director, and Human Rights at St. Petersburg “Ombudsman State University. Institute in Post-Authoritarian Countries.” March 2005. Languages and Literatures, “Live and University of Virginia. Literary Witnesses to the Testify: Soviet Camp Experience.” December 2004–January 2005. Professor, Department of History, Professor, “Petr U.S. Naval Academy. Reform in Stolypin and Late Tsarist Comparative Perspective.” March- April 2005. Pr Professor, Akademia Professor, Pedagogiczna, Krakow Dariusz T Patrick Vaughan Matthew Romaniello Department of History, Professor, Hamilton College. “The Frontier, Incorporation of a Russian and 1552–1672.” August 2004. December, Thomas Sanders Alexander Sungurov “The Public Career of Zbigniew Brzezinski.” June 2005. Yaroslav Senyk,Yaroslav 2005 March Alexei Stukanov,Alexei 2005 March . 2005. y Associate “A Soviet Research , . uar -December , deliver on promises.deliver I been exposed have Rarely Researcher, Researcher, Assistant Professor, h , , vukhina .” November y Niche in Russian Intellectual ofessor, Department of Modern ofessor, era Peshkova 2004. Center for Sociological Education, Russian Institute of Sociology, Academy of Sciences, Moscow “Multiculturalism: Policy Response to Diversity or Social Practices? The Russian Case.” Febr William Risch William Natalia Per V Andrew Newman Fellow, Global Terrorism Research Terrorism Global Fellow, Clayton, Unit, Monash University, to Australia. “U.S. Attitudes Russian Security Assistance: The Limits of Cooperation.” November–December 2004. Parties’ of Activities: Application for Countries Experience Western Ukraine.” August 2005. Pr Foreign Languages and Literatures, “The Life University of Tennessee. and Thought of Vladimir Pecherin: A Histor Department of History and Georgia College Geography, and State University Empire, Window to the West: Nationhood, and Cultural Resistance in the Western Borderlands, 1953–1985.” July 2005. Director of , Leading Department of Director, Journalist , , , Professor, , , nism and Competing ystopad ch Fellow Wilson Center is one of those places whic Holy Wells: Deeper Analysis.” Holy Wells: ester esident, Russian Political Science The to such of opinions and ideas, a wide variety spiced with good will, and intellectual tolerance friendly atmosphere.” International Investment Center, Russia. “Running in Yaroslavl’, U.S.: Russia-Running in the of Political Comparative Study Campaigns of Women.” November 2004. Political Science, Institute of Scientific Information in Social Sciences, Russian Academy of and Vice- Sciences, Moscow, Pr Association. “The Images of ‘the in the Discussions About West’ Perspectives of Modernization in vs. Anti- Russia: Westernism W Models of National Identity.” March 2005. Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Embry-Riddle “Russian Aeronautical University. De Alexander P. Naval Aviator Seversky Comes to America.” May 2005. Oleksandr Mosiyuk Olga Malinova Oleg L James Libbey Olga Kutuzova Research, Pylyp Orlyk Institute “Political Kyiv. for Democracy, and Researcher, Ukrainian NGO Ukrainian and Researcher, “Phenomenon “MAMA-86,” Kyiv. of October–November 2004. Resear ditions for researching.The atmosphere of creativity, atmosphere researching.The ditions for sharing mutual was and openness of ideas research.” for productive beneficial extremely “ “The staff and the scholars at the Wilson Center were most helpful in organizing the best con- organizing the best most helpful in Center were Wilson staff and the scholars “The at the CENTERS FOR ADVANCED STUDY AND EDUCATION

In 1998, Carnegie Corporation of New York, with the support of the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, invited the Kennan Institute’s Blair A. Ruble and Nancy Popson, together with Susan Bronson, formerly of the Social Science Research Council, to prepare a study about how best to protect the welfare of the intelligentsia of the former Soviet Union, especially in its regional universities. Their report in 1999, entitled The Humanities and Social Sciences in the Former Soviet Union:An Assessment of Need, formed the basis for a partnership between Carnegie Corporation, the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, MacArthur Foundation, and the Open Society Institute that led to the establishment of Russian Centers for Advanced Study and Education (CASEs) in 2000. Higher education in Russia has faced a number of problems in the post-Soviet period, but one of the most serious has been the absence of national and international networks uniting institutions and individual scholars. The goal of the CASE program is to develop an “invisible university” that would foster these networks in the social sciences and humanities. The program is administered jointly by the Kennan Institute and the ISE Center (Information. Scholarship. Education.) in Moscow, and directed by an international advisory board. The CASE program recognizes that higher education, in the words of Carnegie Corporation President Vartan Gregorian, “is our connection with the future. It is in institutions of higher education where the best minds of every culture and country ask the questions that will lead to advances in social, scientific, and governmental policies, and the development of science and philosophy—the kinds of breakthroughs that will advance a nation.” Nine thematic Centers have been established at regional Russian universities:

Far Eastern National University (Vladivostok), “Russia and the Asia-Pacific Region: Comprehensive Security, Conflicts, and Cooperation in the 21st Century;” Irkutsk State University, “Siberia in Russia and in the World: Challenges to Development Strategies;” Kaliningrad State University (Baltic CASE), “Russia and Europe: Past, Present, Future;” Novgorod State University, “State, Society, and Individual in the Russian Cultural Context: Values Dimension;” Rostov State University, “Russia’s Modernization Problems;” Saratov State University, “Phenomenology of Power in Russia: State, Society, and the Individual;” Tomsk State University, “Eurasian Frontier: Inter-Cultural Community and Communication System;” Urals State University (Ekaterinburg), “Tolerance in Contemporary Civilization;” Voronezh State University, “Dialogue and Continuity among Cultures in Contemporary Society.”

20 KENNAN INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT 2004–2005 21 tly after the ch at Sloboda. (Photo: William Brumfield) ch at Sloboda. (Photo: William ologda. Chur V of state and society during periods of - e eliminary meetings took place in Russia eti oader theor ticipants explored oup discussed the natur orkshop par ent thinking on globalization. r number of vital communities of scholars. Similar efforts involving the oups will meet twice—the pr a e tur able to grapple with br egion. The gr e es in Contemporary Society” workshop ch to be completed by the time of the second workshop meeting. Shor ee working gr ticularly in cities. W esear par

egion and in other diverse societies. , ticipants wer

evised r

par ,

Three working groups have been formed around broad The “State and Society in Transition” workshop focused the The “State and Society in Transition” Each of the thr The “Diverse Cultur

themes relevant to the CASE themes. The “Globalization, themes relevant to the CASE themes. workshop focused on the many and Identity in Russia” Security, contradictions and ambi- aspects of globalization, including the By looking closely at guities that accompany the process. in flux, and at foreign regional questions, at questions of society policy CASE Workshops Workshops CASE In an effort Russia development in leaders of intellectual universities as the status of regional to restore into contemporary regional communities and to integrate the intellectual circles, Russian and global partnerInstitute, and other the Kennan organizations are taking a more now CASEs, ISE Center, to facilitating internationalfocused approach research projects. cooperation for CASE For example, made up of CASE-affiliatedhas established three working groups the Kennan Institute scholars (includ- of programsing representatives states), from Belarus and the Caucasus similar to the CASE program in the and preeminent specialists scholars from Moscow and St. Petersburg, highly esteemed Russian many of the For (beyond Russian studies specialists). humanities from the West social sciences and this project is serving scholars, as their first interaction Western from the former with colleagues broadly, with CASEs and, more up of of the three working groups is made Soviet Union. Each spe- members and is led by one Russian approximately twelve are specialist. The workshops cialist and one non-Russian are scholars from around the globe who designed to engage CASE interaction involved in similar research and to deepen with the international academic community. second meeting, the group will work to produce an English-language edited volume for publication. second meeting, the group will work to produce an English-language edited past experience with working groups has shown that the combination of tightly focused The Institute’s shared research press as a common interests and the publication of a volume with a major university objective has helped to nur meaning and implications of political, economic, and societal transition, an issue of particularmeaning and implications of political, importance for the post-Soviet r the complexities, risks, and benefits of cultural diversity, both in the diversity, the complexities, risks, and benefits of cultural post-Soviet r 2006. The formatduring Spring 2005 and follow-up meetings are planned for Fall 2005 and Winter implemented many for the workshop meetings is based on a model which the Institute has successfully times over the past decade. The first meeting in each workshop series served for the partic- as a forum ipants to present their recent research. will serve Themes presented at the first workshop as the basis for new or r transition. They also examined different forms of governance and issues of culture and nationalism. Some participants presented specific case studies from different which allowed countries in the region, the group to explore the similarities and differences between transitional societies. explored the implications of increasing cultural diversity in Russia explored the implications of increasing countries have been and the broader post-Soviet region. These and religious groups for home to diverse linguistic, cultural, ethnic, has only increased centuries, and extensive post-Soviet migration the number of number of different in close proximity to groups living one another cal questions about globalization and to examine the common cal questions about globalization and assumptions that underlie much cur CASEs will create new networks of researchers will reach into the individ- with shared interests which ual CASE universities. In addition, a CASE Resource Center was opened at St. Petersburg State University to support the research of CASE-affiliated scholars and St. Petersburg educational, cultural, and archival institutions. The CASE program seeks to promote advanced research in the social sciences and humanities in Russia through a system of grants for visiting professors, library and publications support, and professional community-building efforts. To date, over 3,500 scholars from across Russia have benefited from the CASE program, either through direct fellowships or through engagement in CASE programs. Each CASE has built up a substantial library of Russian and foreign literature related to its intellectual theme. During the next phase of the CASE program, the CASEs will focus more on specific social, cultural, economic, and other issues in the regions in which they are located. They will also place a strong emphasis upon the development of the network of contacts among CASEs (and CASE-affiliated scholars) to promote the network’s status as a leading association of research institutes with uniform standards. The CASE network will be positioned, both at home and abroad, as a unique network of contemporary research institutes which could potentially serve as a model to be replicated by higher education establishments in other countries. CASE program leaders will develop a system of distributing best practices. Another priority for the next phase of the program will be more active distribution of the results of CASE research projects in Russia and abroad, through presentation of CASE research at various conferences, participation in cooperative projects with international partners, and publication in international academic journals. There will be an effort to increase the number of applied research projects the CASEs take on, with the goal of paying particular attention to local social structures, businesses, and municipal, regional, and federal government structures, in order to ensure connections are being made between academic research and the practical needs of the regions. Finally, CASEs will work more closely with the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. The Ministry will be encouraged to take full advantage of the CASE network, towards the goal of modernizing the Russian educational system. Many of Russia’s major regions are represented in the CASE program, making the network ideal as a system of sites for international cooperation and educational reforms. International Advisory Board for Centers for Advanced Study and Education in Russia Andrei Kortunov, Co-Chair Aleksandr Chubarian, Liudmilla Verbitskaya ISE Center (Information. Board Member, Ex Officio St. Petersburg State University Scholarship. Education.), Moscow, Institute of World History, Russian and New Eurasia Foundation Academy of Sciences Tatiana Zhdanova John D. and Catherine T. Blair A. Ruble, Co-Chair Mark Johnson MacArthur Foundation, Moscow Kennan Institute Colorado College Office

Deana Arsenian Mikhail Strikhanov William Zimmerman Carnegie Corporation Ministry of Education and Science University of Michigan of New York of the Russian Federation

22 KENNAN INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT 2004–2005 23 antin onst ofessor of K edicted the Russia,” Adjunct Pr , s , Y ar and former Fellow, OCTOBER 25, 2004 Contributing Editor, , , gia Y, OCTOBER 18, 2004 OCTOBER Y, Y -SUNDA Selikt Y es: Why So Few Pr ch in Putin’ a ir Akinsha FRIDA OCTOBER 29–31, 2004 CONFERENCE Cosponsored by the University of Geor MONDA BOOK LAUNCH “Politics, Paradigms and Intelligence Failur Collapse of the Soviet Union,” Of MONDA NOON DISCUSSION “Orthodox Bulldozer: Art and Chur ARTnews, Jewish Studies, Temple University, Jewish Studies, Temple Gratz and Adjunct Professor, College. Woodrow Wilson Center. Woodrow t- , ted Shor Senior MEETINGS , , Associate ishel , Associate Professor, Senior Specialist of itle VIII-Suppor , Gene F ashington University. ted Research Scholar, dt Judyth Twigg mer T ge W ginia Commonwealth University ir erm Scholar, Kennan Institute; erm Scholar, Department of Government and School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University; former Title VIII-Suppor Kennan Institute; and member, Kennan Institute Advisory Council; John Har OCTOBER 12, 2004 TUESDAY, NOON DISCUSSION “Ukraine on the Eve of Presidential Elections,” Harley Balzer Harley Professor, Department of Political Professor, Science and Public Administration, V and for T Post-Soviet Economics, Congressional Research Service; and Adjunct Department of Economics, Professor, Geor Analyst, U.S. Department of State. Health; - h ch t bir h om China,” ch Scholar, ector Resear he 75t tners Like This, , Foreign Affairs eat’ fr Dir , OCTOBER 6, 2004 , ating t Y ted Resear tsock Y, OCTOBER 4, 2004 OCTOBER Y, Numerous informal discussions give scholars in the Woodrow Wilson Center com- Wilson informalWoodrow scholarsNumerous in the discussions give of Murray Feshbach, ith Strategic Par er Har Weekly noon discussions allow scholars and experts to present their research findings to a findings scholars and experts their research noon discussions allow to present Weekly In addition to noon discussions and seminars, con- and the Institute organizes conferences y t ug Abuse, National Institute of e Commemor Woodrow Senior Scholar, Wilson Center P WEDNESDA SEMINAR “Health and Demographics in Russia and the Consequences for Russian Society and Policy” Who Needs Enemies? Russia Considers the ‘Thr Matthew Ouimet “W MONDA NOON DISCUSSION Kennan Institute U.S. Alumni Series Research Analyst, Office of Analysis for Russia and Eurasia, U.S. Department of State, and former Title VIII-Suppor da Kennan Institute. Scientist Officer, National Institute on Scientist Officer, Dr munity ample opportunity to trade ideas and get to know one another, ample opportunitymunity to trade ideas and get to know a and often provide Russian-language forumfor visiting Russian scholars to discuss topics in the social sciences scholars. and humanities with resident diverse and challenging audience.diverse opportunities for more Seminars and colloquia provide discussions oflengthy research, new an opportunity to demon- and policy forums provide can be applied to contemporaryVIII program Title the by funded results research strate how policy issues affecting U.S. with Russia and the surrounding states. relations Noon discussions ofVoice the by regularly journalistsand seminars covered the America are as by from as well print media, and television TV. including C-SPAN to bring experts leading workshops small together to examine specialized topics in venes depth. The Kennan Institute sponsors an extensive program of program Institute sponsors an extensive The Kennan that bring meetings experts together academia,from government, business, and the media in a non-partisan forum. The majority of open to the public; meetings are on a broad and audience engage in dialogue speakers range of Russia, issues regarding Ukraine, and other states in the region. Intelligentsia: Russian and Soviet “Nationalism and the Foundation of Department of History, Carnegie Science on the World Stage, the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences,” Mellon University; “The New Soviet 1860–1960 Elizabeth Haigh, Professor of Man in a Man-Machine System: The History, St. Mary’s University. Technical Intelligentsia, Automatic Welcome Control, and the Space Race,” Betty Jean Craige, Director, Center Panel IV Slava Gerovitch, Research Affiliate, for Humanities and Arts, University of “Laboratory Life before and after Dibner Institute, Massachusetts Georgia; Margaret Paxson, Senior 1917: The Case of Ivan Pavlov,” Institute of Technology. Associate, Kennan Institute; “The Daniel Todes, Professor, History Russian Academy of Sciences in of Medicine Department, Johns Panel VII Historical and Comparative Hopkins University; “Chemistry “Statistics as Social Criticism in Mid- Perspective,” Loren R. Graham, in the Soviet Union under Stalin,” Nineteenth Century Russia,” Susan Professor of the History of Science, Nathan Brooks, Professor, Smith-Peter, Professor, Department Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of History, New of History, College of Staten Mexico State University; “The Nazis, Island/CUNY; “A.S. Esenin-Vol’pin Panel I Lysenko, and Seeds: Devastation of and the Origins of the Soviet Human “Transits and Transitions—Russian Soviet Plant Breeding Institutions dur- Rights Movement,” Benjamin Astronomy and Politics in 1874,” ing WWII,” Olga Elina, Institute for Nathans, Associate Professor of Simon Werrett, Assistant Professor the History of Science and History, University of Pennsylvania. of History, University of Washington; Technology, Russian Academy “The First Steps of Astrophysics in the of Sciences, Moscow. Panel VIII USSR: The Moscow Astrophysical “Russian and German Universities Institute,” Konstantin Ivanov, Lunch Lecture during World War I,” Trude Associate Professor of Physics, “The Dog That Did Not Bark during Maurer, Professor, Department of Tula State Pedagogical University; the Night: The ‘Normalcy’ of Philosophy, Universitat Gottingen, “Science in the City: The Founding of Russian, Soviet, and post-Soviet Germany; “Technology Transfer from the Moscow Polytechnic Museum,” Science and Technology,” Jonathan the Soviet Union to P.R. China in the Joseph Bradley, Professor of Coopersmith, Associate Professor, 1950s,” Baichun Zhang, History, University of Tulsa. Department of History, Texas A&M Researcher, Institute for History of University. Natural Sciences, China; “From the Panel II USSR to the Nile Valley: Landscapes “The Contested Legacies of Il’ia Il’ich Panel V from Above,” Elizabeth Bishop, Mechnikov/Elie Metchnikoff/Elias “Organic Bolshevism: Beyond Lecturer, Department of History, Metschnikov,” Elizabeth Hachten, Marx and the Enlightenment, University of Texas at Austin. Associate Professor, Department of 1880–1920,” Anna Krylova, History, University of Wisconsin- Assistant Professor, Department of Panel IX Whitewater; “Taming the Primitive: History, Duke University; “Marxism “Vladimir Shukhov and the Invention Elie Metchnikov and His Discovery and Quantum Controversy: of Hyperboloid Structures,” of Immune Cells,” Kirill Rossiianov, Responding to Max Jammer’s Elizabeth English, Associate Researcher, Institute for the History Question,” Olival Freire, Jr., Professor, College of Engineering, of Science and Technology, Russian Professor, Federal University of Louisiana State University; “Ebbs and Academy of Sciences, Moscow; Bahia, Salvador, Brazil, and Flows: International Communications “A ‘Classic’ in Émigré Status: The Visiting Scholar, Dibner Institute, in the Russian and Soviet Control Curious Intellectual Authority of Sergei Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Engineering Communities, Vinogradskii in the 1930s,” Lloyd 1890–1960,” Chris Bissell, Ackert, Library Intern, Yale University. Panel VI Professor of Telematics and Head, “Envisioning and Mythologizing the Department of Information and Panel III Cosmos: K.E. Tsiolkovskii, Russian Communications Technologies, Open “Struggle between ‘National’ Popular Culture, and the Roots of University, U.K.; “Setting the Stage and ‘International’ Parties in the Soviet Cosmonautics, 1880–1935,” for Nuclear Power: How Russian Scientific Community in James T. Andrews, Associate International Arguments Shaped the the Second Half of the Nineteenth Professor of History, Iowa State Identity of Soviet Technical Century,” Olga Valkova, University; “Science outside the Intelligentsia,” Sonja Schmid, Ph.D. Researcher, Institute for the History Academy: Konstantin Tsiolkovskii and candidate, Science and Technology of Science and Technology, Russian his Alternative Discursive Network,” Studies, Cornell University. Academy of Sciences, Moscow; Asif A. Siddiqi, Ph.D. candidate,

24 KENNAN INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT 2004–2005 25 y , , o v tant , , , ch fairs; o and alenk Alexei v y molae der Guard er udelk nal Af Y Theor , and Professor y Associate , y , ina Shapo Oleksandr Serge Sergei K Nataliya Zaiats Leonid Vardomskii Mar Associate Professor and , , National Institute Professor, tment of Histor ospection,” fairs and Migrations, Kharkiv ouncil; and formerouncil; and Regional iktor Stepanenko iriukhin opulation in the Russian-Ukrainian Institute Ukrainian Alumni AdvisoryInstitute Ukrainian C Kennan Institute; Exchange Scholar, as the ‘Slobozhanshchina’ “Euroregion of Cooperation in New Model Russian-Ukrainian Relations,” Department Russian Studies, of Chair, Studies, National Institute for Strategic Kharkiv; “ExternalLabor Migrations of P Frontier Region,” Professor, University Kyiv-Mohyla Professor, Academy; Deputy of Head of Depar Institute Methodology of Sociology, Ukrainian National of Sociology, Academy of Sciences; and former Fulbright-Kennan Institute Resear Kennan Institute; “Cross-Ethnic Scholar, Relations in the Context of Consolidation of Ukrainian Democracy: Slobozhansky Dimension,” K Professor and Head, Center of Post- Soviet Economic Development and Political Studies, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow; “Cross-Ethnic Relations in Slobozhanshchina: Histor Retr Deputy Director, National Institute for Deputy Director, Strategic Studies; “Labor Migration to the East as One of the Most Impor Issues for Eastern Ukrainian Territories,” Head, Information Centre “Kharkiv,” Administration of State Bor Service; and Associate Professor, Department of Associate Professor, Philosophy and Political Studies, Kharkiv University of Inter Professor, Department of Professor, Historiography and Archeology, Kharkiv National University; to “Eurointegration as a Way Legitimate Post-Soviet Regional Elites,” Oleksandr Litvinenko V Khomra Department of Nationality Director, Af Regional State Administration; “New in Frontier Cooperation of Tendencies CIS Countries,” for Problems of International Security, in Kharkiv Kyiv; “Migration Situation its Short-termRegion in 2003 and Perspectives,” , , , a Senior , nalist, , Blair A. , Associate National Kennan eague , , T h Lilia Shevtsova t ent t Director, Jan Zielonk , Program Director, , tment of Politial hina Director, Russian and Director, author and jour , ogram, Moscow School , Elizabe Elena Nemirovskaya at Depar Oleksandr Pavliuk Angela S , Oleksandr Fisun , Kennan Institute; Director, ofessor of Political Science, lex Pravda lex ofessor eputy Director, Center for Global Center eputy Director, xternal Co-operation Officer, Office xternal Officer, Co-operation of the Secretary General, OSCE, and former Regional Vienna, Kennan Institute; Exchange Scholar, E Professor of Political Science and Professor of D Governance,Change and Rutgers University; Senior Associate, Carnegie Moscow Center; Moscow. Pr European University Institute, Florence. Korber Unit, German Council on Foreign Relations, Berlin; of Political Studies; Publishing Pr Science, Kharkiv National University; for National Institute Research Diretor, Strategic Studies; Chair THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2004 THURSDAY, ALUMNI SEMINAR Kharkiv International and Migration in Cross-Ethnic Relations Slobozhanshc “Ukraine on Global Migration Crossroads: Slobozhanshchina Case,” Pr MONDAY, NOVEMBER 8, 2004 MONDAY, NOON DISCUSSION “Caught in the Maelstrom: Perceptions of the Populace in Chechnya, Afghanistan, and Iraq,” Anne Niv Yuri Senokosov Yuri A Rahr Alexander Intelligence Officer for Russia and Eurasia, National Intelligence Center for Council, and Director, Eurasian, Russian, and East European Studies, Georgetown University; Ruble Director, Moscow School of Political Moscow Director, Studies; Researcher, Ministry of Defense, Researcher, United Kingdom; Eurasian Studies Centre, St. Antony’s Eurasian Studies Centre, College, Oxford University; , zy cor- he t , and , Jer h , nance, Institute Professor , Senior nance, Deana Joseph , , , Professor of independent , Margot Light Moscow , Pilar Bonet , Associate the Challenge of the Challenge Head, Russia and History of Russian Stephan Kux : El Pais , . Bojana Blagojevic Senior Program Officer, Chair of Comparative ope, University of A eengagement wit ogramme, Royal Institute of , , Sophia Clement Philip Hanson Eur , Program Associate, Kennan tment of Politics, University n er on Political Science, national Peace and Security ONDAY, NOVEMBER 8, 2004 ONDAY, rchitecture ussia’s R espondent, Politics, University of Regensburg; Professor of International Relations, London School of Economics; Inter Project, Carnegie Corporation of New York; Arsenian Dresen A scholar, Alexandria, VA. scholar, Alexander Motyl Alexander Roy Allison Roy West: Transformation and Transformation West: Era Integration in a New Rutgers University; Research Assistant, Center for Global Change and Gover R Rutgers University; and the Depar of Glasgow Chatham House, London M SEMINAR Cosponsored by the Royal Institute of International Affairs; for the Center Global Change and Gover Vladimir Shamberg THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2004 THURSDAY, SEMINAR Circle,” “Stalin and His Inner William Craft Brumfield MONDAY, NOVEMBER 1, 2004 NOVEMBER MONDAY, NOON DISCUSSION U.S. Alumni Series Kennan Institute “Revisiting Discipline,” Defining an Overlooked the Political Economy of Russia & Easter Birmingham; former Research Scholar, Kennan former Research Scholar, Institute; Institute; r Lectur University of Zurich; of Political Science, Paris; Eurasia Pr International Affairs, U.K.; of Slavic Studies, Tulane University, of Slavic Studies, Tulane VIII-Supportedand former Title Kennan Institute. Research Scholar, Mackow Moscow. Lobkova-Golitsyn house. State bedroom. (Photo: William Brumfield)

“Ukrainian Workers in Western The Russian Studies Symposium: School of International Studies, European Countries,” Viktor Opening Doors in the Decade University of Washington, and for- Pasisnichenko, Associate Professor, Ahead mer Title VIII-Supported Research Department of Philosophy and Political Scholar, Kennan Institute. Studies, Kharkiv University of Internal Opening Lecture Robert Huber, President, National Affairs, and former Regional Jack F. Matlock, Jr., former U.S. Council on Eurasian and East Exchange Scholar, Kennan Institute; Ambassador to the USSR. European Research; Andrei “Non-traditional Migrants in Kyiv,” Kortunov, President, ISE-Center Yaroslav Pylysnkyi, Director, Kennan Welcome and Introductions (Information. Scholarship. Kyiv Project. Anand Yang, Director, Jackson Education.), Moscow; James School of International Studies, Millar, Professor of Economics and Monday, November 15, 2004 University of Washington; Lara International Affairs, and Director, NOON DISCUSSION Iglitzin, Executive Director, Henry Institute for European, Russian, and “The Information Revolution in Russia: M. Jackson Foundation; Blair A. Eurasian Studies, George How IT is Changing Industry, Ruble, Director, Kennan Institute; Washington University, and former Government, and Society,” D.J. Herbert J. Ellison, Professor Fellow, Woodrow Wilson Center; Peterson, Senior Political Scientist, Emeritus, Department of History, Carol Saivetz, Research Associate, RAND Corporation. University of Washington; Director, Davis Center for Russian Studies, Eurasia Policy Studies, National Harvard University, and Executive WEDNESDAY-SATURDAY, Bureau of Asian Research; and for- Director, American Association for NOVEMBER 17–20, 2004 mer Director, Kennan Institute. the Advancement of Slavic Studies; CONFERENCE Angela Stent, National Intelligence Seattle, WA State of the Field: Expert Officer for Russian and Eurasia, Cosponsored by the Russian, East Perspectives on Russian Studies National Intelligence Council, and European, and Central Asian Studies in the 21st Century Director, Center for Eurasian, Program, University of Washington; Russian, and East European Studies, the Henry M. Jackson Foundation; Moderator: Stephen E. Hanson, Georgetown University. the Institute for Russian-American Associate Professor, Department Economic Cooperation; and the Title of Political Science, and Director, Breakout Session #1: Discussion VIII Program of the U.S. Department Russian, East European, and Central Moderated by Panel Co-Chairs of State. Asian Studies Program, Jackson Blair A. Ruble, Director, Kennan

26 KENNAN INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT 2004–2005 27 - est r and George George Associate , Peter Baker Former U.S. , and gave a cautious t, the Kremlin’s view is t, the Kremlin’s ol. Following the ar m for (University of Rhode Island) The Threshold Group and as a whole.” McFaul coun efor , y former Analyst, CIA; , etro ennan Institute. ublic Welcome Professor, Department of Political Professor, Russian, East Director, Science, and and Central Asian European, School of Studies Program, Jackson International University of Studies, VIII- and former Title Washington, SupportedResearch Scholar, K Ambassador to Russia; P Stephen E. Hanson Studies“Russian Then and Now: StoriesPersonal and Case Studies” James Collins Russell Kolt Russell Investment Group. , Nicolai P guing that Putin had always been hostile to guing that Putin had always been hostile ar ought under state contr , emlin. In the months following Putin’s reelection, emlin. In the months following Putin’s Gerson the Russian state. In this ef Genna ve President, ISE- Blair A. Ruble , Managing Director, Director, Managing (Baylor University) explained the r , ol. Founding President and , ndrei Kortunov ndrei enter for Eurasian, Russian, and enter for Eurasian, Advisory Council Member, Civilian Advisory Council Member, Research and Development Foundation. Center (Information. Scholarship. “Engaging Education.), Moscow; Should the Community: Why Ordinary People Care?” Delta Capital Management; “The Delta Capital Management; and Challenge of Fundraising Funding Priorities,” Sher Lozovsky C Studies, Georgetown East European the in “Career Training University; Studies,” New Russian A Director, Kennan Institute; and Director, ew Konitzer ew cautious of opposing the Kr nors in Russia’s regions as an issue of concern. Under this initiative, implemented nors in Russia’s University). Petro argued that the Kremlin is attempting to harnessUniversity). Petro argued that the Kremlin the development , Andr d major television channels had been br successful in terms of promoting accountability, and in any case it represents a set- successful in terms of promoting accountability, , s e , Founding , (Stanfor course was rejoined in a seminar in February with elied on to administer national assets for the good of the countr s ove mor ch Scholar Angela Stent spoke on their four years of experience in Moscow spoke on their four years of experience in Angela Stent Gerson Sher ect elections of gover

grew among many Russia watchers that Putin’s efforts to recentralize power back into Kremlin had hands Putin’s grew among many Russia watchers that Genna Lozovsky ted Resear med into a drive for authoritarian contr n

Michael McFaul Over the past program year, the Kennan Institute has hosted a number of events looking into the question of the Kennan Institute has hosted a number of events looking into the question Over the past program year, Those who are concerned more authoritarian often point to the Putin administration that Russia is becoming ussia and Eurasia, National ussia and President and Advisory Council Civilian Research and Member, Development Foundation. National Intelligence OfficerNational Intelligence for R and Director, Intelligence Council, Russian, and Center for Eurasian, Georgetown East European Studies, University; National Intelligence Officer for Russia and Eurasia, National Intelligence Council, and Director, “How Should Russia Specialists “How Should Russia Influence Policy?” Breakout Session #2: Key Problems Breakout Session #2: for Russian Studies Institute; Managing Director, Delta Capital Director, Managing Management; Russian governance and the implications for Russia. In January, former Moscow Bureau Chiefs Russian governance and the implications for Russia. In January, appraisal of its likely impact. He noted that the previous electoral system was not ideal, as incumbent politicians appraisal of its likely impact. He noted that the previous electoral system was not and business elites were able to dominate local politics, and that so far dire predictions that Putin would replace it is an open question whether the all regional executives with loyal cadres have not been realized. In his view, new system will pr Susan Glasser of business and social institutions in a way that would ser transfor of Russia’s wealthiest businessman, Mikhail Khodorkovsky, on fraud and tax evasion charges the previous fall, on fraud and tax evasion Mikhail Khodorkovsky, wealthiest businessman, of Russia’s other Russian business leaders gr concer Following Russian President Vladimir Putin’s landslide reelection to his second term in March 2004, there were Following Russian President Vladimir Putin’s held over two-thirds of the seats party, Russia. United Russia, Putin’s few obstacles to his political power left within in the Russian Duma. Russia’ Russian Governance and that the FSB, the successor agency to the KGB, would provide “an alternative managerial elite, one that while committed to the welfareprofessionally less competent than private managers, has the benefit of being of the state, and can be r in the wake of the terrorist attack on the school in Beslan in 2004, governors are now chosen on the basis of pres- VIII- idential appointment subject to ratification by the regional legislature. former In April, Kennan Institute Title Suppor ending dir tered that Putin’s efforts had eroded pluralism in Russian society in an effort to gain greater control, representing tered that Putin’s authoritarianism might be a suc- Developmental “a fundamental misconception about states in the 21st century.” goal is not industrial- cessful strategy for turning societies, he contended, but Russia’s rural societies into industrial ization—it is the development of a post-modern,information-based economy. liberal democracy and instead believed that greater state control would be better for Russia and its people. The liberal democracy and instead believed debate over Russia’ back for democracy in Russia. Reports from Panel Co-Chairs MONDAY, NOVEMBER 22, 2004 President of the Russian Federation; “How Should Russia Specialists STAROVOITOVA READINGS and former Galina Starovoitova American Center, Moscow Influence Policy?” Angela Stent, Fellow on Human Rights and National Intelligence Officer for Conflict Resolution, Kennan Institute. Russia and Eurasia, National Problems of Democratic Heritage Intelligence Council, and Director, Preservation Session II: “Ethnopolitical Processes Center for Eurasian, Russian, and Conflict Resolution” and East European Studies, Chair: William Smirnov, Head of “Ethnopolitical Problems in Russia at Georgetown University; “Engaging Sector, Institute of State and Law, the End of the 1990s and Today,” Russian Academy of Sciences, the Community: Why Should Emil Pain, Head, Center for Moscow; Executive Secretary, Ordinary People Care?” Gerson Xenophobia and Extremism Studies, Council on Promoting the Sher, Founding President and Institute of Sociology, Russian Advisory Council Member, Civilian Development of Civil Society Academy of Sciences, and former Research and Development Institutes and Human Rights of the Galina Starovoitova Fellow on Foundation; “Career Training in the President of the Russian Federation; Human Rights and Conflict and former Galina Starovoitova New Russian Studies,” Genna Resolution, Kennan Institute; Fellow on Human Rights and Lozovsky, Managing Director, Delta “Multiculturalism and its Potential in Conflict Resolution, Kennan Institute. Capital Management; “The Modern Russia,” Leokadia Challenge of Fundraising and Drobizheva, Director, Institute of Funding Priorities in the U.S. and Introductory Remarks Sociology, Russian Academy of , Director, American Russia,” Blair A. Ruble, Director, Marisa Fushille Sciences, and member, Kennan Center, Moscow; Kennan Institute; Andrei Kortunov, Natalya Institute Advisory Council; “Ethnic President, ISE-Center (Information. Mitoussova, U.S. Embassy, Problems and Conflict in the North Scholarship. Education.), Moscow. Moscow; Olga Starovoitova, Caucasus: Why Does the Concept President, Galina Starovoitova of ‘Tolerance’ Not Work There?” Foundation, St. Petersburg. Open Discussion: “Where Do We Viktor Avksentiev, Chair, Go From Here?” Department of Philosophy, North Session I: “Political Democracy and Herbert J. Ellison, Professor Caucasian State Technological Emeritus, Department of History, Human Rights Protection in Post- University, and former Research University of Washington, and for- Soviet Russia” Scholar, Kennan Institute; “Fights mer Secretary, Kennan Institute; “Fate of Post-Soviet Democratic around the Law on Freedom of Project,” , General Andrei Kortunov, President, ISE- Valentin Gefter Conscience in Russia,” Anatoly Director, Human Rights Institute, Center (Information. Scholarship. Krasikov, Head, Center for Social Moscow; “Back to the Past Century: Education.), Moscow; Robert and Religious Studies, Institute of Russian Version of Political Huber, National Council on Europe, Russian Academy of Eurasian and East European Studies; Restoration,” Viktor Sheinis, Sciences, Moscow, and former Leading Researcher, Institute of Pamela Spratlen, Diplomat in Galina Starovoitova Fellow on Residence, East West Center. International Relations and World Human Rights and Conflict Economy, Russian Academy of Resolution, Kennan Institute. Concluding Comments: “A Call Sciences; “Galina Starovoitova— to Action” One of the Leaders of the Peaceful Session III: “Environmental Protection Democratic Movement in the USSR Blair A. Ruble, Director, Kennan and Human Rights” and Russia,” , Institute; Stephen E. Hanson, Lev Ponomarev “Ecology and Human Rights: State Associate Professor, Department of Executive Director, Social Movement Policy in the Sphere of Ecology,” “For Human Rights;” Co-Chair, Political Science, and Director, Aleksandr Nikitin, Chair, Bellona Russian, East European, and Central Democratic Russia Movement; and Ecological and Human Rights Asian Studies Program, Jackson Co-Chair, Union of Protectors of Free Center, and former Galina School of International Studies, Russia; “Political Rights and Starovoitova Fellow on Human University of Washington, and for- Democracy after Beslan,” William Rights and Conflict Resolution, mer Title VIII-Supported Research Smirnov, Head of Sector, Institute of Kennan Institute. Scholar, Kennan Institute. State and Law, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow; Executive MONDAY, NOVEMBER 22, 2004 Secretary, Council on Promoting the NOON DISCUSSION Development of Civil Society “Who Won the Ukrainian Institutes and Human Rights of the Presidential Elections and Why,”

28 KENNAN INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT 2004–2005 29 , echistenka Quay #18. , Chairman, Kennan Institute; James Billington Director, Program Director, , , Kennan Institute , ector Grace Kennan Grace ooden house, Pr , consultant, New York, ologda. W Sciences, and Fulbright-Kennan Kennan Institute Research Scholar, Institute. Librarian of Congress and former Wilson Center; Woodrow Director, on Eurasia in Transition, Davis Center, on Eurasia in Transition, and Chairman, Harvard University, Kennan Institute AdvisoryCouncil. Thomas Simons TUESDAY, DECEMBER 14, 2004 TUESDAY, SEMINAR “The Kennan Institute at 30: for Reflections on the Past and Visions the Future,” S. Frederick Starr Central Asia–Caucasus Institute (CACI), Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies, and Founding Dir Warnecke and Member Advisory Council; V Brumfield) (Photo: William , , Senior , , , , Director, Zerkalo Mykola journalist, , ogram Institute , Head, Yaroslav , Pr producer. , , Omelchuk Kennan Kyiv ice Chair v Vice President, Vice Research Fellow, , V o , , no , Vice-Editor in Chief, Vice-Editor ytr , yr espondent, ector r ch Fellow Yuriy Laptev Yuriy ygin Dm Dir Cor , , Serhiy Rymarenko Masha Gessen Emine Avemilieva Margaret Paxson ; opol; opol Oleh Sm iy Mal iy Nikiforov ynskyi l UESDAY, DECEMBER 7, 2004 UESDAY, New Cogs, Old Wheel: The Role New Cogs, Old Wheel: of Political and Ethnic Studies, Ukrainian National Academy of Director, Renaissance Foundation, Director, Simfer “Poluostrov;” Armenian Society, and Director, Armenian Society, Crimea Folklore Museum; TV company “Chernomorskaia;” Nedeli Senior Resear Py Ethno-Confessional Department, Institute of East Studies, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences; Moscow. Associate, Kennan Institute. Professor of Law, Crimea University; Professor of Law, MONDAY, DECEMBER 13 2004 MONDAY, NOON DISCUSSION “Multiethnic Ukraine: Myth and Reality,” Andr Andr Lenur Yunusov Margarita Aradzhioni Noel Julnes-Dehner DECEMBER 12, 2004 MONDAY, ALUMNI SEMINAR Simfer “Interethnic and Political Situation in Ukraine: Crimea in the Twenty-First Century” Nataliya Belitser MONDAY, DECEMBER 6, 2004 DECEMBER MONDAY, NOON DISCUSSION “ T FILM SCREENING Fire: Soviet Film Screening: “Under WWII,” Veterans, Combat Women Simferopol Ecological University; Semena Crimea Ethnographic Museum; Pylyp Orlyk Institute for Democracy, Kyiv; of Individuals in Advancing and of Individuals in Advancing Power in Abetting Authoritarian Russia,” Project; Development, Institute for Advanced Development, and Austria; Studies, Vienna, Wilson Center. Woodrow Fellow, . , est , , , fairs, ienna, Advisor, , Associate , ilson Center ch Scholar and Fulbright- , Director, Russian Director, national Af , Associate Dean for Associate Dean Sergei Zhuk ow W , , Assistant Visiting Tomila Lankina Tomila ofessor of Political DECEMBER 2, 2004 ted Resear oodr , Russia and Ukraine, Y Christian Haerpfer Kennan Institute. W n , , ofessor of Inter tates, and former Regional EMINAR Assistant Professor, Department of Assistant Professor, and for- Ball State University, History, VIII-Supportedmer Title Research Scholar Embassy of Ukraine to the United Embassy of Ukraine to S Kennan Institute; Exchange Scholar, Kennan Institute. and Eurasian Program and Senior Associate, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, and former Title VIII-Suppor Pr University; George Washington THURSDA SEMINAR “The Different Evolutionary Paths of Democracy in East and W Get to Ukraine: How Did We 2004?” Kennan Institute U.S. Alumni Series Lost Reformation: Peasants, “Russia’s Milennialism, and Radical Sects in Souther TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 30, 2004 TUESDAY, BOOK LAUNCH MONDAY, NOVEMBER 29, 2004 MONDAY, NOON DISCUSSION on Russia’s “The Impact of the ‘West’ Northwest,” Anders Åslund Taras Kuzio Taras Oleksandr Merezhko Oleksandr Potiekhin WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 24 WEDNESDAY, S What “The Situation in Ukraine: Should Be the U.S. Response?” Paul D’Anieri Paul Fellow Professor, Department of International Professor, of International Institute Law, Shevchenko Relations, Taras National University Kennan Institute Research Scholar; the Humanities and Associate the Humanities Political Science, Professor of Kansas. University of 1830–1917,” Associate Pr Science, University of V Austria; Director, Center for Strategic Austria; Director, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 16, 2004 Methodology, Moscow State Sociology, University of Texas, SEMINAR University, and former Short-Term Austin, and former Title VIII- Kennan Institute U.S. Alumni Series Scholar, Kennan Institute. Supported Short-Term Scholar, Cosponsored by Los Alamos Kennan Institute. National Laboratory and the THURSDAY, JANUARY 6, 2005 Division of International Studies, WILSON CENTER FRIDAY-SATURDAY, Woodrow Wilson Center DIRECTOR’S FORUM JANUARY 7– 8, 2005 “Will Russian Scientists Go Rogue? “The Maydan Parliament of TITLE VIII RESEARCH WORKSHOP A Survey on the Threat and the Ukraine,” William Green Miller, Impact of Western Assistance,” Senior Policy Scholar, Woodrow Immigration, Forced Migrants, Deborah Yarsike Ball, National Wilson Center, and former U.S. and Refugees in Central Eurasia Security Analyst, Proliferation and Ambassador to Ukraine. Terrorism Prevention Program, Workshop organizers: Cynthia Lawrence Livermore National THURSDAY, JANUARY 6, 2005 Buckley, Associate Professor, Laboratory, and former Title VIII- SEMINAR Department of Sociology, University Supported Short-Term Scholar, Kennan Institute U.S. Alumni Series of Texas, Austin, and former Title VIII- Kennan Institute. “Local Memory and National Myth: Supported Short-Term Scholar, Kennan Institute; Blair A. Ruble, Director, Kennan Institute.

Participants: Bruce Adams, Professor of History, University of Louisville; Alexander Diener, Assistant Professor, Center for International Studies and Languages, Pepperdine University, and former Title VIII-Supported Research Scholar, Kennan Institute; Timothy Heleniak, Project Officer, UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre, Florence, Italy, and former Title VIII-Supported Research Scholar, Kennan Institute; Seema Iyer, Faculty Lecturer, Department of City and Regional Planning, University of Pennsylvania; Idil Izmirli, Ph.D. candidate, Institute for Conflict Analysis and Resolution, George Mason University; Anthony Kolb, Senior Regional Urban Advisor, United States-Asia Environmental Partnership, Bankgkok, Semenkovo (Vologda oblast’). Log double barn. (Photo: William Brumfield) Thailand; Andrei Korobkov, Assistant Professor, Department of WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 22, 2004 Commemorating the Siege of Political Science, Middle Tenessee ALUMNI SEMINAR Leningrad,” Lisa A. Kirschenbaum, State University; Eric Lohr, Assistant Moscow Associate Professor, Department of Professor of History, American “Specifics of Russian History, West Chester University, University, and Title VIII-Supported Modernization,” Emil Pain, Head, and former Title VIII-Supported Short- Research Scholar, Kennan Institute; Center for Xenophobia and Term Scholar, Kennan Institute. Ruth Mandel, Lecturer, Department Extremism Studies, Institute of of Anthropology, University College Sociology, Russian Academy of THURSDAY, JANUARY 6, 2005 London, and Title VIII-Supported Sciences, and former Galina POLICY FORUM Research Scholar, Kennan Institute; Starovoitova Fellow on Human U.S. Department of State Margaret Paxson, Senior Associate, Rights and Conflict Resolution; Olga “HIV/AIDS and Migration in the Kennan Institute; J. Otto Pohl, Ph.D. Volkogonova, Department Caucasus,” Cynthia Buckley, recipient, Department of History, of Philosophy and Science Associate Professor, Department of School of Oriental and African

30 KENNAN INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT 2004–2005 31 , ow ei x oodr Steve Deputy , Ale Leading Research Editor in Chief, , oject, W ow?” , r tment of Political Associate Professor and ohn F. Tefft ohn F. William Miller Green , J Depar nization and the Y, FEBRUARY 22, 2005 FEBRUARY Y, former to U.S. Ambassador , , mation/Development of Models igorii Pasko ONDAY, FEBRUARY 14 , 2005 FEBRUARY ONDAY, kraine; HURSDAY, FEBRUARY 17, 2005 FEBRUARY HURSDAY, HURSDAY, FEBRUARY 10, 2005 FEBRUARY HURSDAY, Stukanov Politics, Department of World Chair, and Fulbright- State University, Tomsk Kennan Institute Research Scholar, Kennan Institute. Pifer Fellow Science, Institute of Scientific Information in Social Sciences, Russian Academy of Sciences, and Vice-President, Moscow, Russian Political Science Association. Senior Policy Scholar, Woodrow Scholar, Senior Policy and former U.S. Wilson Center, Ambassador to Ukraine; T ALUMNI SEMINAR Moscow “Moder For of National Identity in Russia,” Olga Malinova TUESDA NOON DISCUSSION Cosponsored by the Comparative Urban Studies Pr Wilson Center “American Localities and the Challenges of Globalism: What Can Russia Bor T SEMINAR a Free and Democratic “The Path to Ukraine,” M NOON DISCUSSION of Laws “Recent Implementation on Governmental Secrets in Russia and the United States,” Gr Environment and Human Rights Journal, and Galina Starovoitova Fellow in Human Rights and Conflict Resolution, Kennan Institute. Assistant Secretary of State for Affairs.European and Eurasian U , h , hael vic h e ence Mic Nicolai N. Director, wr tspeic , La Lo national Peace. olai Butk k d Nic har , Senior Research Ric and former Title VIII- and former Title FEBRUARY 7, 2005 FEBRUARY esident, International Peter and Helen Bing , ofessor, Department of ofessor, , Kennan Institute; Pr , Y, FEBRUARY 7, 2005 FEBRUARY Y, Y , Pr , , emist Movements, and the State,” mer Soviet Union; tu, Estonia; nd Foreign Policy Issues,” etro ar nstitute. Political Science, University of Rhode Island, and former Short-Term Scholar P Associate Professor, Department Associate Professor, of Economics, Indiana State University Supported Research Scholar, Kennan Institute Religious Freedom Watch. Research and Advocacy Director, Union of Councils for Jews in the For Center for International Studies, and former Odesa State University, Kennan Regional Exchange Scholar, I Cosponsored by the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom U.S. Capitol Building “Russia: Religious Communities, Extr Goble Paul NOON DISCUSSION Kennan Institute U.S. Alumni Series “Economic Relations between China and Russia: Development and Potential,” MONDA SEMINAR MONDA TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 1, 2005 FEBRUARY TUESDAY, SEMINAR Domestic “Ukraine after the Crisis: a Dubovyk Volodymyr 4, 2005 FEBRUARY FRIDAY, SEMINAR Course: “Vladimir Putin and Russia’s An Exchange of Views,” Associate, EuroCollege, University of T McFaul Founding Artistic Director, The Studio The Founding Artistic Director, D.C. Washington, Theater, Senior Fellow, Hoover Institution; Senior Fellow, Associate Professor of Political Science, Stanford University; and Senior Associate, Carnegie Endowment for Inter Uzzell , o , er , , , for- azuhik K tment of Peter , Program Joy Zinoman Joy 31, 2005 raditional and Depar Y Mary Giles , ,candidate, Ph.D. . Russian Theater for an Andrew Konitzer Andrew y itle VIII-Supported Susan B. Glasser ofessor Erin Trouth JANUAR , Y mer T ow Wilson Center and Research Staff Member, ce Center for Russian, East , oodr er Moscow Bureau Chiefs, Department of History, Georgetown Department of History, University; Institute. Assistant, Kennan Research Scholar, Kennan Institute. Research Scholar, Political Science, Baylor University, and for NOON DISCUSSION “The Russian Season of the Studio Theater: Imagining T MONDA American Audience,” Assistant Pr Contemporar U.S. Department of State “The End of Russian Regional Executive Elections: What Has Russia Lost?” FRIDAY, JANUARY 21, 2005 JANUARY FRIDAY, POLICY FORUM Cosponsored by the Asia Program, W “Japan and Russia: Strategic Positioning in East Asia,” TUESDAY, JANUARY 18, 2005 JANUARY TUESDAY, NOON DISCUSSION TUESDAY, JANUARY 11, 2005 JANUARY TUESDAY, SEMINAR “Good Intentions: Memorable Moments in Russian-American Communication,” Washington Post Washington NOON DISCUSSION and Russia “Kremlin Rising: Putin’s the Counter-Revolution,” MONDAY, JANUARY 10, 2005 JANUARY MONDAY, Studies, University of London; Studies, University Robarts Andrew Togo Department of East Asian Studies, Princeton University; and former Ambassador of Japan to the Netherlands. Princeton Institute for International and Regional Studies and Lectur m Baker Baker European, and Central Asian Studies, Davis Center for Russian & Eurasian Studies, Harvard University. Outreach Assistant, National Resour Programming on Central Asia and the Caucasus

The vast stretches of territory and diverse cultural spaces that make up the post-Soviet region are linked by a variety of political, economic, and personal networks. As part of our mission to promote scholarship and dialogue on the pressing current problems and key historical issues throughout the former Soviet Union, the Kennan Institute strives to consider the region as a whole, the similarities and differences between the countries of the region, and their linkages with each other and with the rest of the world. The countries of Central Asia and the Caucasus are an important part of the post-Soviet region. Linking together Asia, Europe, and the Middle East, the countries of Central Asia and the Caucasus are influ- enced by a diverse variety of historical legacies, including the legacy of the Soviet Union. Today, they are all facing a host of social and economic problems, as well as varying degrees of political instability and even violent conflict. Issues such as terrorism, drug trafficking, and ethnic conflict in these states are caus- es for concern in the United States, Russia, and other states in Eurasia, because problems in Central Asia and the Caucasus can spill over to other states in surrounding regions. One important way in which the states of Central Asia and the Caucasus are linked to Russia and other states in the post-Soviet region is through migration. When World Bank economist Ali Mansoor came to the Institute to present a forthcoming report on migration, he emphasized that migration within the former Soviet Union, which is comprised primarily of migration from Central Asia and the Caucasus to Russia, is one of the largest migration flows in the world. Mansoor and other meeting participants discussed the benefits of this migration—such as alleviation of labor shortages in Russia and social unrest in Central Asia and the Caucasus—and the costs—including the threats of terrorism, drug trafficking, and interethnic conflict. Similarly, scholars participating in the Kennan Institute’s Title VIII- Supported Research Workshop on Immigration, Forced Migrants, and Refugees in Central Eurasia examined the complex migration processes that link different states of the former Soviet Union with each other, and with states outside of the region. Timothy Heleniak examined the economic, cultural, and demographic factors that have Andreevskaya village (Vologda oblast’). Kotkin house. fueled out-migration from the states of Central Asia and the Caucasus (Photo: William Brumfield) to Russia. This migration has become a vital part of Russia’s economy, argued Andrei Korobkov, and Russia must develop a coherent policy to facilitate immigration while cracking down on trafficking and abus- es against migrants. Alexander Diener studied the smaller migration flow of ethnic Kazakhs from Mongolia to newly-independent Kazakhstan. Although comparatively small in number, these migrants played an important role in the government-sponsored nation-building project in Kazakhstan. Central Asia and the Caucasus are liked to the word through trade and economic assistance as well as through migration. Research Scholar Ruth Mandel studied the implications of international development assistance in Kazakhstan, presenting her research at a public lecture on March 7. She argued that the “transition model” that dominates Western thinking about the former Soviet Union is flawed, and rec- ommended increased multilateral donor coordination in the design and implementation of development aid and more realistic and flexible models of monitoring and evaluation to reflect potentially changing cir- cumstances during the implementation of aid projects. Short-Term Scholar Sada Aksartova conducted similar research on Western assistance in Russia and Kyrgyzstan, arguing that assistance has had significant cultural and organizational effects on the development of civil society in these countries. Because understanding Central Asia and the Caucasus is so important to understanding the post- Soviet region, these states play a prominent role in the Kennan Institute’s public lecture program. During the 2004–05 program year, speakers presented a very diverse range of topics to the academic, policy, and business communities of Washington, DC. Journalist Anne Nivat discussed similarities between the wars in Chechnya, Afghanistan, and Iraq; Tbilisi mayor Zurab Tchiaberashvili described the challenges of urban governance in post-Rose Revolution Georgia; Michele Commercio compared the statuses of Russian minorities in Kyrgyzstan and Latvia; and 2005 Goldman Environmental Prize winner Kaisha Atakhanova discussed grassroots environmental advocacy in Kazakhstan.

32 KENNAN INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT 2004–2005 33 , , , , , Oleg ilson Ruble Senior , . , a ofessor Aleksei Alissa Pr , Professor, ow W , esident, v andy ate Brown k Pr Blair A le view of Impact K , y oodr International W , , Chief Economist, esident, Center for ander Golub , Vladimir Zakharov x Pr Murray Feshbach Head, Economic Anil Mar , Access Industries; , ablokov , v Ale y o Semen Avaliani Sergei Bob o Session: “Economic Growth v uments to Protect the Environment d ashington, D.C.; efense, Washington, D.C., and efense, Washington, oviet Heartland,” ablok lace: From Ethnic Borderland to lace: From ugo UESDAY, MARCH 15, 2005 UESDAY, Center; Department of Economics, Moscow State University. Counsel, Environmental Defense, W Environmental Defense, Washington, D.C.; Director, Kennan Institute; Director, Director, Center for Russian Director, Environmental Policy. Speakers: Economist, World Bank; Economist, World Chestone First Session: “Over of Pollution on Environment and Human Health” Aleksei Y Second Session: “Economic Instr Dan Dudek Thir Moderator: Development Division, Institute for the Economy in Transition Assistant Professor of History, Assistant Professor Maryland,University of Baltimore County. T CONFERENCE Cosponsored by Environmental D Environmental the Center for Russian Moscow Policy, and Economic Growth SecurityEnvironmental in Russia Opening Remarks Annie Petsonk Senior Scholar and the Environment” Y P Russian Environmental Policy. Russian Postgraduate Medical Academy; L Center for Russian Environmental Policy; Economist, Environmental Defense, D.C. Washington, S , h , , ch archi- osc , Jörg , egor Resear Griefswald Director, , Nicolai Wolfgang Gr , a , k ,” Jacek Volodymyr Lviv Polytechnical od,” , Visiting Scholar, Visiting Liliana Hent Patricia Herlihy Patricia rena Vaisvilaite rena Janis Dripe I , es oclaw ,” Olga Sezneva k r Kharkiv National Academy of Fine Arts, opean Studies, c , , , of Assistant Professor Griefswald University. , Dickinson College; national Studies, Brown Professor, Department of Professor, Blair A. Ruble John Czaplic Jörg Hackman , tment of Near Eastern and y , Assistant DAAD Visiting , journalist and architectural critic, vard University. , inda de Gunzburg Center for inda de Gunzburg erlin; “Vilnius,” erlin; “Vilnius,” ession Two: “Architecture and ession Two: uropean Studies, Harvarduropean Studies, University. Panelsits: “Gdansk,” History at Ports of Entry” New York University. New York Petro University; “Lviv B tect, Chief of Protocol, Republic of Latvia; “Odesa,” Thum Histor “Kaliningrad,” Judaic Studies, Brandeis University. Depar Gdansk; “Riga,” Kil Professor, Department of History, Professor, University of Pittsburgh; “Lodz,” Chair: Qualls Karl MARCH 14, 2005 MONDAY, NOON DISCUSSION “Book Launch: A Biography of No Kravchenko Bohdan Tser Joanna Michlic Session Four: “Cities of Russian and European Character” Dominiczak Session Three: “Comparing Cities Poland and Ukraine” East/West: Chair: Hackman S Chair: Affiliate, Minda de Gunzburg Center for Eur Har Panelists: “Kharkiv,” Political Science, University of Rhode Island; “Sevastopol and Simferopol,” University; “W University of Vilnius; “Tallinn,” “Tallinn,” University of Vilnius; Research Professor, Watson Institute Watson Research Professor, for Inter University. Lviv National University; and Kennan Institute. Panelists: “Novgor University. Panelists: Berlin,” “East M E , U.S. , d , Lecturer, ashvili opean opean Leverett The , var gia. Research Affiliate, opean Capital hiaber University. , c d , Minda de Director, nance and Institution var ab T Ruth Mandel Center for Eur Center for Eur g g Zur Tbilisi, Geor Charles Maier , opean Studies, Har ONDAY, MARCH 7, 2005 ONDAY, HURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2005 MARCH 3, HURSDAY, Department of Anthropology, and Title University College London, VIII-Supported Research Scholar, Kennan Institute. Chair: Session One: “Eur Introductory Remarks John Czaplicka Gunzbur Welcoming Remarks Welcoming A.Peter Hall Cities After the European Fall: Integration and Urban History Studies, Har CONFERENCE Consponsored by the Minda de Gunzbur FRIDAY-SATURDAY, MARCH 11–12, FRIDAY-SATURDAY, 2005 “Urban Gover Building in Post-Rose Revolution Tbilisi,” Studies, Harvard the University; Harvard Institute; Ukrainian Research and the Goethe Institute, Boston Cambridge, MA Cosponsored by the Comparative Urban Studies Project, Woodrow Wilson Center TUESDAY, MARCH 8, 2005 TUESDAY, SEMINAR NOON DISCUSSION “Developing Kazakhstan: International National Aid, Agendas,” M “A Changing Ukraine,” “A Changing Ukraine,” T WILSON CENTER FORUM DIRECTOR’S by The Washington Cosponsored Group Minda de Gunzburg Center for Eur University. Mayor Honorable RichardHonorable Lugar Senator from the State of Indiana. Senator from the State Cities, Old and New” Saltonstall Professor of History, Roundtable Discussion Hanson, Director, Herbert J. Ellison MONDAY, APRIL 4, 2005 NOON DISCUSSION Moderator: Joseph Dresen, Center for Russian, East European, Program Associate, Kennan Institute. and Central Asian Studies, University “Russian Agrarian Policy under Putin,” of Washington, and former Title VIII- Stephen Wegren, Associate Additional participants: Supported Research Scholar, Professor, Department of Political Science, Southern Methodist Alina Averchenkova, Environmental Kennan Institute; Blair A. Ruble, University. Defense, Washington, D.C.; John Director, Kennan Institute. Balbus, Director, Health Program, Environmental Defense, Washington, TUESDAY, MARCH 22, 2005 WEDNESDAY, APRIL 6, 2005 SEMINAR D.C.; Michael Brody, Senior DEPARTMENT OF STATE TITLE VIII Environmental Scientist, U.S. WORKSHOP “Current Views on the Role of Environmental Protection Agency; U.S. Department of State Russian Private and Family Foundations in Civil Society and Natalia Davydova, Director, “The Dismantling of Russian Studies? Environmental Projects Consulting Critical Issues, Capital Losses,” Building Democracy,” Irina Yasina, Program Director, Open Russia Institute; William Freeman, NIS Stephen E. Hanson, Director, Director, Office of International Herbert J. Ellison Center for Russian, NGO; and Inga Pagava, Director, Affairs, U.S. Environmental Protection East European, and Central Asian Development Department, Charities Aid Foundation, Russia. Agency; Peter Goldmark, Director, Studies, University of Washington, Climate and Air Program, and former Title VIII-Supported Environmental Defense, Washington, Research Scholar, Kennan Institute; THURSDAY-SATURDAY, APRIL 7–9, D.C.; Fred Krupp, President, Lara Iglitzin, Executive Director, 2005 SYMPOSIUM Environmental Defense, Washington, Henry M. Jackson Foundation; Blair Chesapeake Beach, MD D.C.; Grzegorz Peszko, World A. Ruble, Director, Kennan Institute. Cosponsored by the International Bank; D.J. Peterson, Senior Political Scientist, RAND Corporation; THURSDAY, MARCH 24, 2005 Research and Exchanges Board (IREX), Washington, D.C., and the Georgii Safonov, Director, Center ALUMNI SEMINAR Asia Program, Woodrow Wilson for Environmental Economics; Fedor Moscow Center Shkil, Director, Center for Health of “Specifics of Russian Environment; Ravi Srivastava, Modernization,” Denis Dragunskii, Project Manager, U.S. Environmental Academic Director, National Project 2005 Asia Regional Policy Protection Agency; Piper Stege, Institute, and Editor in Chief, Symposium Project Officer, U.S. Environmental Kosmopolis. April 7 Protection Agency; Elena Strukova, Environmental Defense, Washington, MONDAY, MARCH 28, 2005 D.C. NOON DISCUSSION Opening Dinner “Exit and Voice in the Near Abroad: Mark Pomar, President, IREX; WEDNESDAY, MARCH 16, 2005 Russian Minority Populations in Margaret Paxson, Senior Associate, Kennan Institute. SEMINAR Kyrgyzstan and Latvia,” Michele E. Cosponsored by Environmental Commercio, Postdoctoral Fellow, Defense, Washington, DC, and the Center for Eurasian, Russian, and April 8 Center for Russian Environmental East European Studies, Georgetown Policy, Moscow University. Introduction “Economic Growth and Joyce Warner, Director, Education Environmental Security in Russia,” TUESDAY, MARCH 29, 2005 Program Division, IREX. Alexei Yablokov, President, Center SEMINAR for Russian Environmental Policy, “The Problems of Human Rights: A Session I: “Development and Ideological Struggle in the Moscow, and D.J. Peterson, Senior Case Study of Tajik Immigrants in Kyrgyz Republic” Political Scientist, RAND Corporation Russia,” Davlat Khudonazarov, President, “FOCUS” Humanitarian Discussion Leader: Herbert Ellison, MONDAY, MARCH 21, 2005 Foundation, Moscow, and Galina Professor Emeritus, Department of NOON DISCUSSION Starovoitova Fellow on Human History, University of Washington; Kennan Institute U.S. Alumni Series Rights and Conflict Resolution, Director, Eurasia Policy Studies, “Opening Doors in the Decade Kennan Institute. National Bureau of Asian Research; Ahead: A Report on the Russian and former Director, Kennan Institute. Presenter: , Ph.D. Studies Symposium,” Stephen Noor O’Neill

34 KENNAN INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT 2004–2005 35 , , , , , , , Head of tment of , eter P ozyr Depar Gary Bertsch Roger Kangas Roger Kendall W. gia. , ch Scholar Peter Solomon Peter acqueline Fewkes ofessor Charles Krusekopf J Kathryn Hendley Professor of Law, Clifford Professor of Law, Oksana K Special Advisor for Analyst , ted Resear , University of Illinois, Urbana- , Ladakh (North 1920–47” India), ofessor of Law and Political enter for Strategic Studies. resenter: oronto; n Director, Center for International Director, and Professor of and Security, Trade Public and International Affairs, University of Geor Myers Director, Centre for Russian and East Centre for Russian and Director, European Studies, University of T Session VI: “Geopolitics: Security and Energy in Asia” Discussion Leader: APRIL 8, 2005 FRIDAY, SEMINAR “Can Businesses Survive in Russia if They Obey the Law?” Session IV: “Global Memories, Local “Global Memories, Session IV: Networks Regional Trade Accounts: i Leader: Discussion Property “Common Session V: Management and Economic Development in Asia” Discussion Leader: Assistant Professor, Department of Assistant Professor, Wilkes Honors Anthropology, University. College, Florida Atlantic the Civil Code Department, Private Law Research Center under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow; Assistant Pr Economics, Austin College. Training and Senior Analyst for Training Europe, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, U.S. Department of State, European and Adjunct Professor, Studies, the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies. Presenter: Professor, Central Asian Studies, Central Professor, European George C. Marshall C P M. and Bette A. Carney Chair in Law Champaign; Pr Science, University of Wisconsin, VIII- Madison, and former Title Suppor Kennan Institute. Maggs . - , , , , , Ph.D. n , Bertsch Ph.D. candi y , tment of State, oger Kangas W. Kendall W. Gar R Gary Bertsch getown University ofessor, European ofessor, ardner Bovington ardner ina Liczek ofessor, Department of ofessor, Ir Matthew Nelson G Sandra LeavittSandra Special Advisor for Analyst , ch, U.S. Depar nment, Geor esenter: iscussion Leader: iscussion Leader: ssistant Professor, Department of ssistant Professor, pril 9 resenter: candidate, Department of Gover Myers Center for International Director, and Professor of and Security, Trade Public and International Affairs, University of Georgia. Pr Director, Center for International Director, and Professor of and Security, Trade Public and International Affairs, University of Georgia. Presenter: date, Department of Political Science, New School University. Discussion Leader: Discussion Leader: Session III: “Gender Policy in Central Asia at a Crossroads: Integrating International Obligations with Renascent Islamic Orientations” Discussion Leader: Session II: “Making Moder Assistant Pr Political Science, Bates College. D and Session I: “Between Security Conflict: Governments, Muslim of State- Minorities, and the Use Sponsored Coercion in Asia” Muslims: Markets and the Meaning of ‘A Good Education’ in Pakistan” Session VI: “Xinjiang as PartSession VI: of the Region” Central Asian A Indiana Central Eurasian Studies, Bloomington. University, A Training and Senior Analyst for Training Europe, Bureau of Intelligence and Resear and Adjunct Pr Studies, the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies. Presenter: Professor, Central Asian Studies, Central Professor, Marshall European George C. Center for Strategic Studies. P , , Ph.D. Ph.D. , , Director of eau of Asian erbert J. and former , Gil Rozman Gil Rozman Herbert J. H , tment of Sociology, fect: Re-aligning ale University. Irene Wu Irene Matthew Light Brian Grodsky Depar , Professor Emeritus, Professor Emeritus, , , ofessor, Department of Sociology, ofessor, ofessor iscussion Leader: tates” tudies, National Bureau of Asian tudies, National Bureau Princeton University Wilson Center. Woodrow Fellow, Presenter: candidate, Department of Political Science, University of Michigan. Ellison Ellison Research, International Bureau, Federal Communications Commission. Discussion Leader: Session V: “The Information Session V: Revolution Ef Hierarchies of Knowledge and Understanding” Discussion Leader: Session IV: “Regional Migration Session IV: Policies, Freedom of Movement, and Citizenship in the Russian Federation” Discussion Leader: Session III: “General Discussion on Asian Regionalism” D Session II: “Exploring DeterminantsSession II: Rights Justice: Human of Transitional Accountability in Post-Communist S candidate, Departmentcandidate, of Harvard University. Anthropology, Department of History, University of Department of History, Eurasia Policy Director, Washington; Studies, National Bur Research; and former Director, Kennan Institute. Department of History, University of University Department of History, Eurasia Policy Director, Washington; S Research; and former Director, Kennan Institute. Presenter: candidate, Department of Political Science, Y Pr and former Princeton University, Wilson Center. Woodrow Fellow, Presenter: Pr FRIDAY-SATURDAY, APRIL 8–9, 2005 Professor of East European Law, Barriers for Entry for Russian Small CONFERENCE University of Leiden, Netherlands. Business: Has the 2001 Law on the Cosponsored by the University “The Changed Role of Civil Law in Registration of Juridical Persons of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Soviet Economy and the New Made a Difference?” Eugene the University of Wisconsin, Russian Market Economy: The Case Huskey, William R. Kenan, Jr. Madison, and the American Bar of the Contract of Surety,” Professor of Political Science and Association/Central European and Alexander Makovskii, First Deputy Russian Studies, Stetson University; Eurasian Law Initiative Chairman of the Board, Private Law “Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Research Center under the President Awards in Russia—the Problem of Commercial Law Reform in of the Russian Federation, and Arbitrability,” Hiroshi Oda, Sir Russia and Eurasia Chairman of the Board, The Ernest Satow Professor of Japanese Scientific and Consultative Center Law, University of London. Welcoming Remarks for Private Law in the CIS, Moscow; Blair A. Ruble, Director, Kennan “Ten Lessons for International Session V: “Implications of the Institute; Donna Buchanan, Assistance Programs in the former Russian Civil Code” Director, Russian, East European, Soviet Union,” Keith Rosten, Senior Chair: Donald Barry, Distinguished and Eurasian Center, and Associate Associate, Checchi and Company Professor of Political Science Professor, School of Music, Consulting, Inc. Emeritus, Lehigh University. University of Illinois, Urbana- “Protection of Business Reputation in Champaign; Kathryn Hendley, Session III: “Investing in the Former the Civil Code: Damages, the Professor of Law and Political Soviet Union” Constitution, and International Science, University of Wisconsin, Chair: William Simons, Professor of Norms,” Peter Krug, Professor and Madison, and former Title VIII- East European Law, Institute of East Herman G. Kaiser Foundation Chair Supported Research Scholar, European Law and Russian Studies, in International Law, University of Kennan Institute. University of Leiden, Netherlands. Oklahoma; “The Modernization of “The Fate and Future of the 1972 Legislation Concerning the Law Session I: “Putin’s Reforms to the Moscow Convention,” William Applicable to International Civil Law Russian Legal System” Butler, Professor of Comparative Relations,” Aleksei Zhiltsov, Head, Chair: Harold Berman, Robert W. Law and Director, Vinogradoff Comparative and Private Woodruff Professor of Law, Emory Institute, University of London; “Are International Law Department, University, and James Barr Ames Arbitrazh Courts a Viable Alternative Private Law Research Center under Professor of Law Emeritus, Harvard for Business Disputes in Russia?” the President of the Russian University. Kathryn Hendley, Professor of Law Federation, and Associate Partner, “Threats of Judicial Counter-Reform in and Political Science, University of Law Firm “Intra,” Moscow; Putin’s Russia,” Peter Solomon, Wisconsin, Madison, and former “Transactions Involving Immovable Professor of Political Science and Title VIII-Supported Research Scholar, Property under Russian Law,” Law; Director, Centre for Russian Kennan Institute; “Kazakhstan Law Oksana Kozyr, Head, Civil Code and East European Studies, on Foreign Investments,” Anatoly Department, Private Law Research University of Toronto, Canada; Didenko, Professor of Civil Law, Center under the President of the “Corruption and Organized Crime: Kazakh Humanitarian Law Russian Federation, Moscow. Impact on the Business Community,” University, Almaty, Kazakhstan. Commentator: Paul Stephan, Lewis Louise Shelley, Professor, School of F. Powell, Jr. Professor of Law and International Service, and Director, Session IV: “Reforming Russian Hunton & Williams Research Transnational Crime and Corruption Legal Institutions” Professor, University of Virginia. Center, American University, and Chair: Peter Juviler, Professor former Title VIII-Supported Research Emeritus and Special Lecturer of MONDAY, APRIL 11, 2005 Scholar, Kennan Institute. Political Science, Barnard College, POLICY FORUM Commentator: William Burnham, and Co-Director, Center for the U.S. Department of State Professor of Law, Wayne State Study of Human Rights, Columbia Cosponsored by the International University. University. Research and Exchanges Board, “Competition Law and Policy in Washington, D.C. Session II: “The Basic Legal Russia: Building Regulatory “Asia Regional Policy,” Gary Framework for Commercial Law Institutions in the Midst of Change,” Bertsch, Director, Center for in the FSU” Sarah Reynolds, Consultant, International Trade and Security, and Chair: Ferdinand Feldbrugge, SJReynolds Associates; “Lowering the Professor of Public and International

36 KENNAN INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT 2004–2005 37 , , mer , , member , Assistant s , iewing and for , U.S.-Kazakhstan fer in V , Mosty Professor, Culturology Professor, 3, 2005 anya Smith: The Richard Rose onstantin , Kaisha Atakhanova Kaisha University of ynn Visson d, William Veale Y L ector K , ed by the Environmental MA Andrew Konitzer Andrew , Y riages,” inner (Asia). oodrow Wilson Center ONDAY, APRIL 25, 2005 ONDAY, egional Executive Elections in egional Executive Elections echnology; echnology; T Business Council. Director, Centre for the Study of Centre for the Study Director, Public Policy UK. Strathclyde, Glasgow, and Ethics Department,and Ethics Novgorod State University. Zavershinskii MONDAY, MAY 2, 2005 MAY MONDAY, NOON DISCUSSION “Kazakhstan: The Investor’ Perspective,” Executive Dir TUESDA SEMINAR “How Russians Dif Their World,” 9, 2005 MAY MONDAY, NOON DISCUSSION Kennan Institute U.S. Alumni Series “Bringing up V Children of Russian-American Mar M NOON DISCUSSION Alumni Series Kennan Institute U.S. The End of “From Lords to Vassals: R Russia,” APRIL 27, 2005 WEDNESDAY, SEMINAR Cosponsor Change and Security Project, W “Environmental Advocacy and the Movement for Nuclear Safety in Kazakhstan,” Title VIII-SupportedTitle Short-Term Kennan Institute. Scholar, Professor, Department of Political Professor, and for- Science, Baylor University, VIII-Supportedmer Title Research Kennan Institute. Scholar, Director, Karaganda Ecological Director, and 2005 Kazakhstan, Center, Goldman Environmental Prize W Editorial Boar , , ector, , , , Dir atiana olai T , , ector, Joseph , Igor Beth Dir ikhail Ilyin Nik , M Associate is Kashnikov ofessor , Pr tment of History, , Bor mation for Social Professor, Department Professor, Associate Professor, Anar Ahmadov Olga Malinova Associate Professor, Jennifer Giglio , , , UK; Depar , org Poghosyan Kennan Institute; , Jessop v , Department of Professor, , Department of Professor, , t echnical University Ge ORKSHOP orkshop leaders: oscow, Russia oscow, ephen E. Hanson EDNESDAY-THURSDAY, APRIL EDNESDAY-THURSDAY, ofessor ogram Associate, Kennan Institute; t ober 0–21, 2005 Massachusetts Institute of Pr Professor, School of Political Professor, of Science, Moscow Institute International Relations, Uznarodov Geography, University of Durham, Geography, UK; Social Anthropology, Far Eastern Social Anthropology, State T Vladivostok; Department of Geography, University of Arizona. Participants: Lancaster Department of Sociology, University Professor, Department of Sociology, Professor, University of Riazan’; Department of Political Science, Saratov State University; Painter Leading Research Fellow, Political Leading Research Fellow, Science Department, Institute of Scientific Infor Sciences, Russian Academy of Sciences, and former Short-Term Scholar Elizabeth Wood S R KENNAN INSTITUTE-CASE KENNAN W M State and Society in Transition W W 2 Mitrokhina Kradin Pr Mitchneck Director, Center for International and Director, Strategic Studies, Khazar University, Azerbaijan; Herbert J. Ellison Center for Russian, East European, and Central Asian Studies, University of Washington, VIII-Supportedand former Title Kennan Institute; Research Scholar, Sociology, Institute of Philosophy, Armenian National and Law, Academy of Sciences; of History, Rostov State University; of History, of t . , , W Professor, erstin , K Bohdan U.S. , Professor , Gil Rozman Special Advisor for Special Advisor ch Associate, , Yegor Gaidar Yegor many. Committee on Eastern , Resear Economic Policy in the Post- Ira StraussIra Roger Kangas Roger , Judge, United States Cour s g, Ger ector, Kennan Institute. Kennan ector, and after the Ukrainian , e dinator ey esidential Elections,” entral Asian Studies, George C. entral Asian Studies, ffairs, University of Georgia; nd Research, U.S. Departmentnd Research, of tate, and Adjunct Professor, ut Professor, Department of Sociology, Professor, and former Princeton University, Wilson Center; Woodrow Fellow, S Johns Hopkins European Studies, the InternationalSchool of Advanced Studies; Analyst Training and Senior Analyst Analyst Training Bureau of Intelligence for Europe, a F TUESDAY, APRIL 19, 2005 TUESDAY, INFORMAL SEMINAR “Russia’ Soviet Period,” Institute of Sociology, University of Institute of Sociology, Marbur NOON DISCUSSION “How Far Can the EU and NATO in Ukraine and Go in Taking Russia?” MONDAY, APRIL 18, 2005 MONDAY, Pr TUESDAY, APRIL 12, 2005 TUESDAY, SEMINAR Consent “What Happened to ‘Unity, and Revival?’ The Donetsk Clan befor MONDAY, APRIL 11, 2005 MONDAY, NOON DISCUSSION “Judicial and Legal Reform in the Aftermath of the Ukrainian Presidential Elections,” Herbert J. Ellison A Federal Claims. C for Marshall European Center Strategic Studies; Emeritus, Department of History, Director, University of Washington; Eurasia Policy Studies, National Bureau of Asian Research; and former Dir Kendall Myers Kendall Zimmer Coor Europe and Russia in NATO. Director, Institute for the Economy in Institute for the Economy Director, and former Prime Minister Transition, of the Russian Federation. THURSDAY, MAY 12, 2005 School of International Relations, Professor, and Chair, Department of SEMINAR University of St. Andrews, UK; Political Science and Sociology, Cosponsored by the National Alexei Fenenko, Research Fellow, Chernivtsi National University; Council for Eurasian and East Institute for International Security Anatoliy Kruglashov, Professor European Research (NCEEER) Studies, Russian Academy of and Chair, Department of “Fraud or Fairytales: Russia and Sciences, Moscow; Ulf Hedetoft, Philosophy, Chernivtsi National Ukraine’s Electoral Experiences,” Professor, Institute for History and University. Peter Ordeshook, Professor of International Studies, Aalborg Political Science, California Institute University, Denmark; Alla MONDAY, MAY 23, 2005 of Technology; , Mikhail Myagkov Kassianova, Associate Professor, NOON DISCUSSION Associate Professor of Political Department of International “The Emergence of a Russian- Science, University of Oregon. Relations, Tomsk State University; Speaking World and its Impact on Gennadii Konstantinov, Professor Russia’s International Relations,” MONDAY, MAY 16, 2005 and Director of the Corporate Anne de Tinguy, Senior Research NOON DISCUSSION Governance Center, General and Fellow, Center for International “Education for Democracy in Strategic Management Department, Studies and Research, Paris, and Ukraine,” Alden Craddock, Moscow Higher School of Professor, Institute for Political Director, International Democratic Economics; Andrei Korotaev, Full Studies, Paris. Education Institute, Bowling Green Professor and Head, Program in State University. Sociocultural Anthropology of the MONDAY-FRIDAY, MAY 23–27, 2005 East, Russian State University for the CONFERENCE TUESDAY, MAY 17, 2005 Humanities, Moscow; Vladimir Tokyo, Japan SEMINAR Lamin, Director, Institute of History, Cosponsored by AAASS; Brock “The Silent Embargo: Russian Russian Academy of Sciences, University; Georgia Southern Immigration to the United States and Siberian Division; Janice Bially University; The Guest House of its Effects on Foreign Policy,” Zvi Mattern, Assistant Professor, Helsinki University; The Finnish Gitelman, Professor of Political Department of International National Defense College Library; Science, University of Michigan, Relations, Lehigh University; Erik The Japan Foundation; London Ann Arbor; , Associate Will Englund Noreen, Associate Professor, School of Economics; Renvall Institute Editor, Baltimore Sun; Alec Brook- Department of Peace and Conflict of Helsinki Univrsity; Rodina; The Krasny, Executive Director, Council Research, Uppsala University, Royal Canadian Military Institute; of Jewish Emigre Community Sweden; Margaret Paxson, Senior Slavic Research Center of Hokkaido Organizations, New York, Edward Associate, Kennan Institute; Eduard University; Slavonic Library of the , President, Annisa Goldberg Soliviev, Senior Research Fellow, Helsinki University Library; Southern Group, New York. Institute for World Economy and Conference of Slavic Studies; The International Relations, Russian United States Army Command and THURSDAY-FRIDAY, MAY 19–20, 2005 Academy of Sciences, Moscow; General Staff College; Yomiuri KENNAN INSTITUTE-CASE Mikhail Troitskii, Senior Research Shimbun Research Institute WORKSHOP Fellow, Institute for U.S. and Moscow, Russia Canada Studies, Russian Academy World War 0: Reappraising the of Sciences; Evgenii Vodichev, War of 1904–05 Russia and the World Vice Director for Science, Institute of History, Russian Academy of Welcoming Remarks Workshop leaders: , Douglas Blum Sciences, Siberian Division, and for- Yuichiro Anzai, President, Keio Professor, Department of Political mer Short-Term Scholar, Kennan University, Japan; Ryosei Kokubun, Science, Providence College, Institute; Fyodor Voitolovskii, Professor, Department of Political Alexei Bogaturov, Deputy Director, Research Fellow, Institute of World Science, Keio University, Japan; Institute for International Security Economy and International Relations, Shinji Yokote, Professor, Department Studies, Russian Academy of Russian Academy of Sciences. of Political Science, Keio University, Sciences. Japan; Tatiana Filippova, Senior FRIDAY, MAY 20, 2005 Editor, Rodina, Moscow; Dominic Participants: , Michael Bradshaw ALUMNI SEMINAR Lieven, Professor of Russian Professor, Department of Chernivtsi, Ukraine Government, London School of Geography, University of Leicester, “Tolerance in an Interethnic City,” Economics, and former Short-Term UK; , Senior Lecturer, Rick Fawn Serhiy Fedunyak, Associate Scholar, Kennan Institute; Bruce

38 KENNAN INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT 2004–2005 39 , ch , y Anshan Ph.D. , , ted , National Tatsuo Keio , Professor, David Senior aperov Scholar, , uce Menning , m Br teinberg er ,” t-T Associate Professor , Beijing University; “The Oleg Air itle VIII-Suppor , John S Kiyoshi Aizawa Kiyoshi avid Schimmelpenninck Department of History, , Professor of Language and Moscow State University, Communications, Resear Director Emeritus, Cold War mer T mer Shor , Tatsuo Yamada Tatsuo D , , y e vey,” vey,” er College; “Russian Militar ofessor f Pr ticipates” Sur icholas Papastratigakis ofessor of Strategy, Department of ofessor of Strategy, hair: , an der Oye andidate in History, London School History, andidate in nstitute for Defense Studies, Japan. nstitute for Defense Studies, c Contested “Togo’s of Economics; and the Russian Naval Strategy ‘Fleets,’” ‘Great Game’ Revisited,” Wolff Lectur University of Melbourne; “The War: A Associate Professor, Department of Associate Professor, Georgia Southern University, History, and for Scholar, Kennan Institute; and Kennan Institute; Scholar, Charles Schencking Panel VII: “Northeast Asia Par Chair: N Strategies, Panel VI: “The War: (II)” and Technologies Tactics C Masayuki Tadokoro Department of Senior Lecturer, Histor and for Kennan Institute. v of Russian and East Asian History, of Russian and East Asian VIII- and former Title Brock University, Scholar, SupportedShort-Term Kennan Institute. Speakers: “Why Did Japan Fail to Become ‘Britain’ in Asia?” Nakami I Japan. University, Speakers: “The ‘Eastern Miscellany’ Informs the Chinese Public,” Cultur Pr Joint and Multinational Operations, U.S. Army Command and General Staf Leadership,” Li Research Scholar, Kennan Institute; Research Scholar, “Russian Strategy Department of Political Science, Japan; “Post-War Keio University, Japanese Naval Expansion,” Institute for Language and Cultures University of Asia and Africa, Tokyo of Foreign Studies; “Chinese Spies for Russia and Japan,” , my o,” , ch y, ar Zer Professor of Associate Senior , , Keishi Ono Keishi , Associate , , Yoko Kato Yoko Dominic orld Histor orld W independent okyo University; Senior Research , Senior Resear , ujala ar: Naval and , tment of Joint and v , independent scholar; ven Ericson ven Antti K Depar e “The W oiano Boris Ananich Russian Academy of Ed Miller t , Institute of W : Bruce Menning John Steinberg S , Professor of Russian , uk , y ,” ope,” ocentrism and W History and Geography, Clemson History Geography, and ar ofessor of History, Dartmouth ofessor of History, istory, Russian Academy of istory, niversity. cademician, Institute of Russian cademician, Institute f tudies, Japan; “Financing the War: tudies, Japan; “Financing Government, London School of Economics, and former Short-Term Graduate Coordinator, Department Coordinator, Graduate o U Financial “Japan’s Speakers: for War,” Mobilization Associate Professor, Division of Associate Professor, Japanese Studies, T “The Japanese Railway System at W Professor, Department of History, Professor, and Georgia Southern University, Kennan Scholar, former Short-Term Institute. Speakers: “The Bezobrazovtsy,” Strategy Multinational Operations, U.S. Ar Command and General Staff College. Speakers: “Japanese Intelligence in Eur Associate, Institute of Russian Histor Sciences, St. Petersburg; “The ‘Open Door’ as a Japanese Justification for War,” “The Russian Navy,” “The Russian Navy,” Evgenii Sergeev David Jones Panel V Intelligence (I)” Chair: Chair: Igor L Panel IV: “The Home Front” “The Home Panel IV: scholar; “Financing the War: scholar; “Financing the Russia,” Lieven Japan,” National Institute for Defense National Institute for S Lecturer in Finnish and Russian University of Helsinki; History, “Russian Intelligence and the War,” A H Sciences, St. Petersburg. Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow; “The Military Observers: Eur Fellow Pr College. , , , , ofessor Lecturer, Pr ofessor of Professor, , , Rodina , Pr Showa Professor and , , , Origins of the ada en Ian Nish v m Tatiana vid ar: Japan,” , Assistant Professor, uki W David Goldfrank Da nment, London School Kennan Institute; “The Birkbeck, University of Professor, Department Professor, , , ofessor of Russian and , Senior Editor, Senior Editor, Professor of Strategy, of Professor Har Isao Chiba , , ar: Japan,” Kennan Institute. Naoko Shimazu Naoko ,” , Steven MarksSteven Dominic Lie Yoshihide Soeya Yoshihide ar Scholar m omen’s University, Japan. University, omen’s ar: Russia,” chaeology perations, U.S. Armyperations, U.S. Command epartment of Joint and Multinational anel I: “Images” er he Context of 20th Century Russian Gover Speakers: “Long-ter Russia,” War: of Economics, and former Short-Term Scholar Genealogy of Japanese Views on Genealogy of Japanese Views the W W Emeritus, Institute of Social Sciences, University; “Short-term Origins Tokyo of the W Professor of International History, London School of Economics. Department of Political Science, Japan. Keio University, the Speakers: “Russians Imagine Japanese Enemy,” Moscow; “Japanese Images of Russia,” Filippova Panel III: “Financing the War” Chair: Professor, Department of History, Professor, Georgetown University; “Long-term Origins of the W Michael Auslin Chair: Panel II: “Origins” Associate Pr Brock University, East Asian History, VIII-Supportedand former Title Short- T P Chair: Akira Iriye Akira Keynote Speech: “The War in War Keynote Speech: “The t History” World Menning School of History, Classics, and School of History, Ar Department of History, Yale Department of History, Enemy: University; “Study Your Russian Military and Naval Attaches in Japan,” and General Staffand General College. D O Schimmelpenninck der Oye van of History, Harvard of History, University. London; “Short-termof the Origins W Vologda. Archbishop’s Court: Refectory Church of Nativity of Christ. View from Cathedral Bell tower. (Photo: William Brumfield)

International History Project, Professor, Department of History, Multinational Vladivostok,” Teruyuki Woodrow Wilson Center; “A Georgia Southern University, and Hara, Professor of Russian and Damocles Sword? Korea and the former Title VIII-Supported Research Soviet History, Slavic Research Russo-Japanese War,” Dae-yeol Ku, Scholar, Kennan Institute. Center, Hokkaido University; “South Professor, Ewha Women’s University, Speakers: “War and Memory in Asia,” Steven Marks, Professor and South Korea. Russia,” Dmitrii Oleinikov, Editor, Graduate Coordinator, Department Rodina, Moscow; “War and of History and Geography, Clemson Panel VIII: “The Peace” Memory in Japan,” Fredrick University; “Southeast Asia,” Paul Chair: Robert M. Hathaway, Dickinson, Associate Professor, Rodell, Associate Professor, Director, Asia Program, Woodrow Department of History, University of Department of History, Georgia Wilson Center. Pennsylvania; “War and Tsarist Southern University; “Did Bloch Speakers: “The Kittery Peace,” Politics,” David McDonald, Predict the Russo-Japanese War?” Norman Saul, Professor of History Professor, Department of History, Haruo Tohmatsu, Professor, and Russian and East European University of Wisconsin, Madison; Tamagawa University, Japan. Studies, University of Kansas; “The “Between Two Japano-Russian Portsmouth Conference and U.S.- Wars,” Shinji Yokote, Professor, Final Comments, Open Discussion, Japanese Relations,” Toshihiro Department of Political Science, Keio Preliminary Conclusions Minohara, Associate Professor, University, Japan; “Preparing for the Moderators: Makoto Ikobe, Department of Political Science and New War,” Don Wright, independ- Professor, Department of Political Legal Sociology, Kobe University, ent scholar, New Orleans, LA. Science and Legal Sociology, Kobe Japan; “The Russo-Japanese War University; David Wolff, Director and Korea-U.S. Relations,” Ki-jung Panel X: “Regional and Global Emeritus, Cold War International Kim, Professor, Yonsei University, Legacies” History Project, Woodrow Wilson South Korea; “White Hope or Chair: Ryosei Kokubun, Professor, Center. Yellow Peril?” Yorimitsu Department of Political Science, Hashimoto, Professor, Yokohama Keio University, Japan. Presentation of Conference Volume National University, Japan. Speakers: “The Russo-Japanese War John Steinberg, Associate and Military Psychology,” Associate Professor, Department of History, Panel IX: “The Aftermath in Japan Professor of History, Alexander Georgia Southern University, and and Russia” Shevyrev, Moscow State University; former Title VIII-Supported Research Chair: John Steinberg, Associate “Northeast Asia through the Lens of Scholar, Kennan Institute; Bruce

40 KENNAN INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT 2004–2005 41 , , ch , face , , tment my Resear y , Andrzej Depar Senior Adjunct Svetlana , many; “The , Senior , Csaba Békés (U.S. Ar Researcher, Histor , y Torsten DiedrichTorsten ofessor Foreign Policy national Studies. , Research Fellow, Pr , Silvio Pons ocess,” , Raymond GarthoffRaymond James Hershberg Council of the Institute of Institute for National , wski Jeffrey Simon Charles Gati o , illiam E. Odom ashington University. ational Security Archive, aczk Institute, Potsdam, Ger Impact of the WTO on Strategic Studies, National Defense University. Speakers: “The GDR at the Inter Blocs: The Impact of the of the Two Pact,” Warsaw N D.C. Washington, Discussant: HistoryAssociate Professor of and International George Studies, W Historian, Militar Guest Scholar Savranskaya Panel III: “The Impact on Warsaw State, Pact Members: Military, and Society” Chair: Christian Nünlist Crisis Panel II: “Planning and Pact” Management in the Warsaw Chair: W Researcher, Contemporary History, Researcher, Universita di Bari, and Deputy Gramsci Foundation, Rome; Director, Pact Coordination during “Warsaw the CSCE Pr of History, Warsaw University, and University, Warsaw of History, member Professor, Johns Hopkins School of Professor, Advanced Inter Speakers: “Military in Planning Pact,” and the Warsaw NATO P Ret.), Senior Fellow, Hudson Institute, Ret.), Senior Fellow, D.C.; “The Polish Washington, Pact: From Military in the Warsaw the Dream of the ‘Polish Front’ to the Reality of Martial Law,” History Center, Cold War Director, Budapest, Hungary. Discussant: Fellow Center for Security Studies, Swiss Center for of Technology, Federal Institute and the Demise Zurich; “Gorbachev Pact,” of the Warsaw Studies, Brookings Institution. National Remembrance, Warsaw; “The PCI and the Polish Crisis, 1980–81,” , y k ice ficer , Mar d ,” var Senior V President, , Partner, Akin, Partner, , Reaction to the , President and s ing ezhnev Senior Vice Chairman of the , ar International , er TO’ k ilson Center; Militar ar Studies Cold W , Harvard Project Director, , ow W Christian Ostermann and Chief Executive Of . d ushchev and Br ector oodr ump, Strauss, Hauer & Feld, LLP. ump, Strauss, Hauer 955–1991 UKOIL. History Potsdam, Research Institute, Germany; and the Harvard Project on Cold W ConocoPhillips. L Dir Wilson History Project, Woodrow Center and Pact Speakers: “The Warsaw East European Crises under Khr Formation of the Warsaw Pact,” Formation of the Warsaw on Cold War Studies, Davis Center on Cold War for Russian Studies, Har University; “NA G Director, Woodrow Wilson Center. Wilson Woodrow Director, Panel I: “Formation and Demise of Pact” the Warsaw Chair: THURSDAY-FRIDAY, MAY 26–27, 2005 MAY THURSDAY-FRIDAY, CONFERENCE Cosponsored by the Cold War International History Project, W Its Pact: From The Warsaw to Its Collapse, Founding 1 Paul Rodzianko Paul Wilson Award The Woodrow for Public Service Thomas R. Pic Closing James J. Mulva, Introduction of the Woodrow Wilson of the Woodrow Introduction Citizenship for Corporate Award James C. Langdon for Wilson Award The Woodrow Corporate Citizenship Alekperov Y. Vagit Wilson Introduction of the Woodrow for Public ServiceAward Lee H. Hamilton President, Access Industries, Inc. Boar President for International Relations, The Boeing Company. Kramer ideo , ficer, , , , , , Shinji Bruce ofessor, Pr Scholar , oodrow ribute and V Division of m Yoko Kato Yoko , Ian Nish oduction er David Wolff , Chairman of the Akira Iriye Akira , Professor of Russian t-T Associate Professor , Kennan Director, okote , Oleg Airapetov ofessor Professor of Strategy, Professor of Professor of Strategy, Kennan T Department of History, , , David Schimmelpenninck . Professor, Department of Professor, , , mer Shor Shinji Y and Chief Executive Of nment, London School of ge F d oduction to the W Russian and East Asian History, Russian and East Asian elcome and Intr ofessor f nternational History Project, Wilson Center ConocoPhillips. Department of Political Science, Japan. Keio University, Keynote speaker: Pr Harvard University; Economics, and former Short-Term Kennan Institute; Scholar, Gover Professor of International History, London School of Economics. Discussants: van der Oye der van Menning Associate Pr Japanese Studies, Tokyo University; Japanese Studies, Tokyo Yokote Intr Blair A. Ruble Geor W James J. Mulva THURSDAY, MAY 26, 2005 MAY THURSDAY, ANNUAL DINNER D.C. Park Hyatt Hotel, Washington, Dominic Lieven Chair: Public Panel Menning Boar o VIII- and former Title Brock University, Scholar, SupportedShort-Term Kennan Institute; Director Emeritus, Cold War Director Emeritus, Cold I Wilson Center; Woodrow Senior Lecturer, Department of Senior Lecturer, Moscow State University, History, and for Kennan Institute; Political Science, Keio University Political Science, Keio Department of Joint and Multinational Operations, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College. Department of Joint and Army Operations, U.S. Multinational and General StaffCommand College; Institute. Czechoslovakia,” Oldrich Tuma, International Service, and Adjunct MONDAY, JUNE 6, 2005 Researcher, Institute of Contemporary Associate Professor, Washington NOON DISCUSSION History, Academy of Sciences of the College of Law, American University. “Post-Soviet Political Persecutions in Czech Republic, Prague; “Romania CIS Countries: New Context for Rule and the Military Reform of the THURSDAY-FRIDAY, JUNE 2–3, 2005 of Law,” Valentin Gefter, General Warsaw Pact: 1960–1970,” KENNAN INSTITUTE-CASE Director, Human Rights Institute, Moscow, and Galina Starovoitova Carmen Rîjnoveanu, Researcher, WORKSHOP Institute for Political Studies of Moscow, Russia Fellow on Human Rights and Defense and Military History, Conflict Resolution, Kennan Institute. Bucharest, Romania; “The Myth of Diverse Cultures in the Military: Polish Society, the Contemporary Society MONDAY-THURSDAY, JUNE 5–9, 2005 Army, and Military Traditions in Light WORKSHOP Cosponsored by the U.S.-Ukraine of Unpublished Opinion Polls, Workshop leaders: Michele Rivkin- Foundation and the U.S. Department 1958–2004,” Klaus Bachmann, Fish, Assistant Professor, Department Publicist and Political Scientist, Willy of Anthropology, University of of State Brandt Center of German and Kentucky; Elena Trubina, Professor, European Studies, Wroclaw Department of Social Philosophy, U.S.-Ukraine Policy Dialogue University. Urals State University. Exchange Program: A Discourse Discussant: Christoph Bluth, Among Partners Media and Information Task Force Professor of International Studies, Participants: Omer Bartov, John P. University of Leeds. Birkelund Distinguished Professor of hosted by the Kennan Institute and European History, Professor of the Europe XXI Foundation, Kyiv Panel IV: “Military Relationships History, and Professor of German Opening Plenary Session within the Warsaw Pact” Studies, Brown University; Rachel Elliott School of International Affairs, Chair: Winfried Heinemann, Belin, Education Director, The Historian, Military History Research Humanitarium Center for Culture and George Washington University Institute, Potsdam, Germany. Diversity, Lexington, KY; Katherine Welcoming Remarks Speakers: “Socialist Brothers-in- Graney, Assistant Professor, Arms? The NVA’s Relations with Department of Government, Tom Adams, Coordinator for U.S. Assistance to Europe and Eurasia, Other Warsaw Pact Armies,” Skidmore College; Maxim U.S. Department of State; Rüdiger Wenzke, Historian, Khomiakov, Associate Professor Nadia Military History Research Institute, and Deputy Dean, Department of McConnell, President, U.S.-Ukraine Potsdam, Germany; “Bulgarian- Philosophy, Urals State University; Foundation; Sergiy Korsunsky, Minister Counselor, Embassy of Soviet Military Cooperation,” Stuart Kaufman, Professor, Ukraine to the United States. Jordan Baev, Cold War Research Department of Political Science and Group, Sofia, Bulgaria; “Hungarian International Relations, University of Politics and Governance Task Force Military Participation in the Warsaw Delaware; Vladimir Malakhov, , Deputy, Pact,” Csaba Békés, Director, Cold Leading Research Fellow, Institute of Vyacheslav Koval War History Center, Budapest, Philosophy, Russian Academy of Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, and Deputy Chairman, Committee on Hungary; and Imre Okvath, Sciences; Margaret Paxson, Research Associate, Cold War Senior Associate, Kennan Institute; Agenda, Parliamentary Ethics and Proceedings, Verkhovna Rada of History Center, Budapest, Hungary; Stepan Safaryan, Analyst of Legal “Albania and the Warsaw Pact,” and Political Affairs, Armenian Ukraine; Vitalii Bondzyk, Chief, Office of the Vice Prime Minister of Ana Lalaj, Director, Cold War Center for National and Ukraine for Administrative Reform; Studies Center, Tirana, Albania. International Studies; Tatiana , Counsel Discussant: Christian Ostermann, Skrynnikova, Head, Department of Zoryana Mischuk Director, Cold War International Cultural Anthropology and Art, Secretary, Public Political History Project, Woodrow Wilson Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist, Consultative Council of the Center. and Tibetan Studies, Russian Chairman of the Parliament of Academy of Sciences, Siberian Ukraine; Rostyslav Pavlenko, Chief, Main Analyitical Service, TUESDAY, MAY 31, 2005 Division; Pavel Tereshkovich, Head NOON DISCUSSION of Ethnology, Department of History, Office of the President of Ukraine; , Director of “A View of the Problem of Belarusian State University; Tatyana Yuriy Yakymenko Political and Legal programs, Corruption in the Russian Arbitrazh Venedictiva, Professor, Department Razumkov Center for Ukrainian Court System,” Ethan Burger, of the History of Foreign Literature, Scholar-in-Residence, School of Moscow State University. Economic and Political Studies;

42 KENNAN INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT 2004–2005 43 , , , Joseph Nancy Sergiy , Senior Director, University; , om New , n Head, Public staff member, Senior Senior , , , Professor of , , Chief Consultant, , Director, , Media Bureau, theaster Lecturer in Public Attorney Advisor, Halyna Usatenko , esentatives Ukraine , , esswoman fr Nancy Popson Center for Donbas Social ogram Associate, Kennan Eileen O’Connor eau, Federal , Senior Associate, Kennan Senior Associate, Pr Blair A. Ruble , , Alan Snyder enstein Center, Harvard enstein Center, nalism, Nor esen eak-out Meeting, U.S. House of Policy and Senior Fellow Shor University; House of Repr Caucus and Caucus on the Future of American Media. Kennan Institute. Institute; Jour Associate, Kennan Institute; Associate, Kennan Institute; Associate, Nicholas Daniloff Marvin Kalb Associate, Kennan Institute; Margaret Paxson Dr Break-out Meeting at the Federal Communications Commission Mark Berlin Robert Baker Br Representatives Louise SlaughterThe Honorable Margaret Paxson Popson PBS Break-out Meeting at Jan McNamara Force Break-out Meeting Task Andriy Masalskyy Matsepa Pavlo Peteshov Media Bur Communications Commission; Primary Information Service, Office of the President of Ukraine; Relations Department, Office of the of Ukraine; Cabinet of Ministers Perspectives, and correspondent, Radio Liberty; Corporate Communications, PBS. Corporate Communications, Director of Civil Society Programs, Europe XXI Foundation, Kyiv; Institute. President, International Center for Journalists; U.S. Congr York; Federal Communications Commission. , fice Senior , , , Sergiy , Deputy Valeriy Senior ograms, , , Director, vard , President vice, Of , Senior esident, Morgan Head, Public er in Public Har Pr , , Professor of , , , Projects , Chief Consultant, Lectur Vice President of Vice Ariel Cohen Jeffrey Simon Halyna Usatenko First Deputy Minister of First Deputy Minister , , oup. , Keith Crane Keith fairs, U.S. Chamber of Marcus MicheliMarcus mation Ser Center for Donbas Social Kevin Klose Kevin Director, Government Director, ector and Senior Ukraine alb , , Sergiy Kruglyk ficer, Bureau of European ficer, Infor y vin K enstein Center mation and Media Task Force mation and Media Task ope XXI Foundation, Kyiv; opean Af ector of Civil Society Pr niversity. of the President of Ukraine; International Center for Journalists; Deputy Dir Desk Of and Eurasian Affairs, U.S. Department of State; Coordinator, International Center for Coordinator, Policy Studies; Affairs, Washington Office, Affairs, Washington SigmaBleyzer Private Equity Investment Gr Journalism, Northeastern University; Economic Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine; Nicholas Daniloff Mar Eileen O’Connor Infor Andriy Masalskyy Matsepa Pavlo Ihor Shevliakov Gary Litman Williams Peteshov Senior Fellow, Institute for National Institute Senior Fellow, National Defense Strategic Studies, U Force Task Economics and Business Ignashchenko Volodymyr Walter Parchomenko Walter Office Prime of the Vice Economy, Integration; Minister for European Economist, RAND Corporation; Primar Perspectives, and correspondent, Radio Liberty; Dir Relations Department, Office of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine; Eur Pyatnytskyy Heritage Research Fellow, Foundation; Policy and Senior Fellow, Shor University; and CEO, National Public Radio; Minister, Ministry of Economy of Minister, Ukraine; Eur Commerce; Fellow, Atlantic Council of the Atlantic Council Fellow, United States; t , for- , , , Jan F. ogram Alber , Pr o former , tment, , Frances G. Frances Janucz Senior former U.S. , ch Fellow , ector Senior Political Jessica Kehl tment of Visiting , ransatlantic , T Director of Resident Fellow , Head, Euro- , Konstantin , Advisor to the , , ograms, Razumkov eign Affairs of abee Deputy Head, Foreign holas Karawciw r ector , For Robert McConnell Dir Assistant Dir Nic Oleksandr Sushk PiferSteven Senior Resear , Eastern European Director, Joseph Tydings of , , , y Taras Kuzio Taras ell national Pr w ephen Lar eutze t roject, Center for Strategic and roject, Center for Strategic Atlantic Council of the United States; Ukraine; Atlantic Integration Depar Ministr Policy Scholar, Woodrow Wilson Woodrow Policy Scholar, and former U.S. Center, to Ukraine; Ambassador mer U.S. Assistant Attorney General; S Ambassador to Ukraine; N Bur Bugajski Victor Nykytryk Valeriy Chalyy Valeriy Yuriy Scherbak Yuriy Foreign Policy and National Security Force Task Radek Sikorski Radek William Miller Green on Transatlantic Relations, Atlantic on Transatlantic Council of the United States; Defense; Country Director for Ukraine and Moldova, Office of the Secretary of Defense, U.S. Depar Speaker, Verkhovna Rada of Verkhovna Speaker, Ukraine, and former Ukrianian Ambassador to the United States; U.S. Senator and U.S. AttorneyU.S. Senator and U.S. to Maryland. and Executive Director, New Atlantic New and Executive Director, Initiative, American Enterprise Institute; P International Washington, Studies, D.C.; Inter Center for Ukrainian Economic and Political Studies; Professor, George Washington Professor, University; Relations Program, Atlantic Council of the United States; Scientist, RAND Corporation; Director, Center for Peace, Director, Conversion and Foreign Policy of Ukraine; Kononenko Affairs Directorate, National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine; Office of the Secretary of Defense, U.S. Department of Defense; Zaccor Human Rights in the Post-Soviet States

In a world in which concerns about war, terrorism, energy, and national security often pre-empt other issues, activists from across the globe emphasize that human rights are a vital concern that should not be forgotten. The Kennan Institute recognizes that discussion of human rights issues can further our understanding of political and civic life in Russia, Ukraine, and the surrounding states. Kennan Institute lectures and conferences have provided a forum for scholars and activists to discuss the importance of human rights in the region, potential threats to human rights, and ways in which the state and civil society can protect human rights. Since 2000, the Kennan Institute has hosted Galina Starovoitova Fellows on Human Rights and Conflict Resolution—prominent scholars and policymakers from the Russian Federation who have successfully bridged the worlds of ideas and public affairs to advance human rights and conflict resolution. The Fellowship honors Galina Starovoitova, a leading human rights advocate and deputy in the Russian lower house of parliament (Duma). Last year, Starovoitova Fellows Grigorii Pasko, Davlat Khudonazarov, and Valentin Gefter gave public lectures at the Kennan Institute. Gefter spoke about the different levels and varieties of political perse- cution that occur throughout the former Soviet Union; Pasko described Russia’s use of laws on governmental secrets to charge human rights and environmental activists with espi- onage; and Khudonazarov discussed the treatment of Tajik migrants in Russia. In commemoration of the anniversary of Galina Starovoitova’s death, in November 2004 the Kennan Moscow Project hosted a conference on Problems of Preserving Democratic Heritage. The conference consisted of three sec- tions—political democracy and the protection of human rights, ethnic conflict and conflict resolution, and environmental protection and human rights. It featured presentations form several former Starovoitova Fellows, who discussed the state of democracy and human rights and the potential for ethnic tolerance Popovka-Kalikinsaia (Vologda oblast’). Wooden Church of the Nativity and environmental protection in Russia today. The conference of the Virgin. (Photo: William Brumfield) was attended by representatives of the U.S. Embassy in Moscow, and by Olga Starovoitova, president of the Galina Starovoitova Foundation in St. Petersburg. The Kennan Moscow Project hopes to honor Strovoitova’s legacy and keep human rights on the academic and policy agendas of Russia by hosting similar conferences on a regular basis. The Kennan Institute hosted several additional lectures in Washington, D.C. on the subject of human rights. Konstantin Akinsha argued that the Russian government is suppressing freedom of expression in the name of respecting Orthodox Christian values. Irina Yasina and Inga Pagava discussed funding sources for human rights and pro-democracy organizations in Russia, arguing that Russian businesses and foundations rarely fund human rights groups because of deep-seeded distrust between the human rights and business communities. Yuri Dzhibladze of the Center for Development of Democracy and Human Rights in Moscow and Nozima Kamalova of the Legal Aid Society in Tashkent joined other human rights activists at a Woodrow Wilson Center event to discuss the most pressing issues on the human rights agenda today. The Orange Revolution, with its promises of increased democracy and civil liberties, has made the question of human rights particularly important for Ukraine. The Kennan Kyiv Project hosted a May 2005 seminar in Chernivtsi on ethnic tolerance. Speakers Serhiy Fedunyak and Anatoliy Kruglashov discussed how multi-ethnic cities such as Chernivtsi can promote tolerance and positive interethnic relations. In addition, the Kyiv Project is planning a conference in 2006 that will examine Ukraine’s progress in human rights and other areas one year after the Orange Revolution.

44 KENNAN INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT 2004–2005 45 , er in , , , , , Senior Sergiy , Deputy opean Valeriy Senior Lectur , , Director, , axson fice, , Senior P ane Morgan Head, Public alb t Harvard , e Cr , Chief Consultant, Senior Associate, eau of Eur , Projects h , , tment, Office of the vin K Vice President of Vice Ariel Cohen Jeffrey Simon Nicholas Daniloff First Deputy Minister of First Deputy Minister eit Bur , , K Marcus MicheliMarcus , Margar Center for Donbas Social Mar Eileen O’Connor Director, Government Director, ashington Of , , Sergiy Kruglyk esident of Ukraine; ficer tment of State; dinator, International Center for dinator, enstein Center nalists; fairs, W conomic Department, Ministry of Perspectives, and correspondent, Radio Liberty; European Affairs, of U.S. Chamber Commerce; President, International Center for Jour Coor Policy Studies; Fellow, Atlantic Council of the Atlantic Council Fellow, United States; Af SigmaBleyzer Private Equity Investment Group. Kennan Institute. E Foreign Affairs of Ukraine; Senior Associate, Kennan Institute; Nancy Popson Gary Litman Williams Force Information and Media Task Andriy Masalskyy Matsepa Pavlo Peteshov Professor of Journalism, Northeastern University; Walter Parchomenko Walter for National Institute Senior Fellow, National Defense Strategic Studies, University. Force Task Economics and Business Ignashchenko Volodymyr Ihor Shevliakov Economist, RAND Corporation; Economy, Office Prime of the Vice Economy, Integration; Minister for European Primary Information Service, Office of the Pr Research Fellow, Heritage Research Fellow, Foundation; Relations Depar Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine; Pyatnytskyy Deputy Director and Senior Ukraine Desk Of and Eurasian Affairs, U.S. Depar Minister, Ministry of Economy of Minister, Ukraine; Public Policy and Senior Fellow, Shor University; t , for- , , , Jan F. Alber , former , tment, Frances G. Frances Janucz Senior former U.S. , antin ch Fellow , Senior Political Jessica Kehl tment of Visiting , , onst Advisor to the etary of Defense, Director of Resident Fellow , Head, Euro- K , ce , , ograms, Razumkov Deputy Head, Foreign ector, Transatlantic ector, , Robert McConnell ectorate, National Security Dir Assistant Director, Program Assistant Director, Nicholas Karawciw ask For Oleksandr Sushko PiferSteven Senior Resear , Eastern European Director, Josephe Tydings , , , Taras Kuzio Taras yland. national Pr well ector, Center for Peace, Center ector, fice of the Secr fairs Dir er U.S. Assistant Attorney General; roject, Center for Strategic and roject, Center for Strategic Economic and Political Studies; Economic Professor, George Washington Professor, University; Scientist, RAND Corporation; Af and Defense Council of Ukraine; Relations Program, Atlantic Council of the United States; Kononenko U.S. Department of Defense; Atlantic Integration Depar Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine; Of Policy Scholar, Woodrow Wilson Woodrow Policy Scholar, and former U.S. Center, to Ukraine; Ambassador Stephen Larrabee m Ambassador to Ukraine; Bur Bugajski Neutze U.S. Senator and U.S. Attorney to Mar Victor Nykytryk Foreign Policy and National Security T Scherbak Yuriy Chalyy Valeriy Radek Sikorski Radek Atlantic New and Executive Director, Initiative, American Enterprise Institute; William Miller Green Zaccor on Transatlantic Relations, Atlantic on Transatlantic Council of the United States; Country Director for Ukraine and Moldova, Office of the Secretary of Defense, U.S. Depar Defense; P International Washington, Studies, D.C.; Rada of Verkhovna Speaker, Ukraine, and former Ukrianian Ambassador to the United States; Inter Center for Ukrainian Economic and Political Studies; Dir Conversion and Foreign Policy of Ukraine; Atlantic Council of the United States; F. , m; , , , ergiy , S Chief, , lenko ector of esident, U.S.- v Head, Public a Pr ograms, Deputy, Counsel U.S. Project Dir P , , , , , Professor of , , nance v Chief Consultant, Program Associate, o Erin Trouth Session , , Lecturer in Public y Halyna Usatenko , man, Committee on Margaret Paxson Center for Donbas Social Eileen O’Connor ostysla , Vitalii Bondzyk R y, Public Political y, akymenk etar es iy Y the President of Ukraine; the President of Ukraine; at adia McConnell ogram Assistant, Kennan Institute. t f ur urope XXI Foundation, Kyiv; urope XXI Foundation, Razumkov Center for Ukrainian Consultative Council of the Chairman of the Parliament of Ukraine; Ukraine Foundation. Office Prime Minister of of the Vice Ukraine for Administrative Refor Journalism, Northeastern University; Pr Director, Community Partnership Director, Projects, U.S.-Ukraine Foundation; Political and Legal pr Agenda, Parliamentary Ethics and Rada of Proceedings, Verkhovna Ukraine; Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, and Verkhovna Deputy Chair Chief, Main Analyitical Service, Office of the President of Ukraine; Y Zoryana Mischuk Vyacheslav Koval Politics and Gover Welcoming Remarks Welcoming N Force Task Closing Plenar Atlantic Council of the United S Vera Andrushkiw Vera Peteshov Senior Associate, Kennan Institute; Marvin Kalb Nicholas Daniloff Pavlo Matsepa Pavlo Closing Task Force Discussion Force Closing Task Andriy Masalskyy Secr Joseph Dresen Kennan Institute; Perspectives, and correspondent, Radio Liberty; Primary Information Service, Office o Director of Civil Society Programs, Director of Civil Society E Relations Department, Officethe of Ministers of Ukraine; Cabinet of President, International Center for Journalists; Policy and Senior Fellow, Harvard Shorenstein Center, University; Briefing I MONDAY, JUNE 13, 2005 Dempsey LLP, and former Member of NOON DISCUSSION The Honorable Roscoe Bartlett, the Board, YUKOS; Clifford “Moscow 1941: A City and Its U.S. Congressman from Maryland; Gaddy, Senior Fellow, Brookings People at War,” The Honorable Marcy Kaptur, Rodric Institution. U.S. Congresswoman from Ohio; Braithwaite, former British Ambassador to the Soviet The Honorable Sander Levin, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 29, 2005 U.S. Congressman from Michigan; Union/Russian Federation, and SEMINAR Public Policy Scholar, Woodrow The Honorable Robert Wexler, Cosponsored with East European Wilson Center. U.S. Congressman from Florida; The Studies and the Cold War Honorable Sherrod Brown, U.S. International History Project, Congressman from Ohio. TUESDAY, JUNE 14, 2005 Woodrow Wilson Center SEMINAR “The Use of Influence: American Briefing II “The Village Question: Trends in Diplomacy in Russia’s Contemporary Research on Rural George Frowick, Office of the Neighborhood,” James Goodby, Assistance Coordinator, U.S. Russia and Ukraine,” Jessica Allina- Senior Fellow, Center for Northeast Department of State. Pisano, Assistant Professor, Asia Policy Studies, Brookings Department of Political Science, Institution; former U.S. Ambassador WEDNESDAY, JUNE 8, 2005 Colgate University, and Title VIII- to Finland, and former Public Policy SEMINAR Supported Research Scholar, Scholar, Woodrow Wilson Center; Kennan Institute; , Cosponsored with the Carter Kate Brown Blair A. Ruble, Director, Kennan Assistant Professor, Department of Center; Human Rights First; and the Institute; Craig Dunkerley, Adjunct Middle East and Latin America History, University of Maryland, Professor, Near East South Asia Programs, Woodrow Wilson Center Baltimore County; Liesl Gambold Center for Strategic Studies, , Assistant Professor, “Human Rights Defenders on the Miller National Defense University; Nancy Department of Sociology and Front Lines of Freedom,” Yuri Lubin, President, JNA Associates, Anthropology, Dalhousie University, Dzhibladze, President, Center for Inc.; Senior Fellow for Eurasia, Development of Democracy and Halifax; Margaret Paxson, Senior American Foreign Policy Council; Associate, Kennan Institute, and for- Human Rights, Moscow; Gustavo and former Fellow, Woodrow mer Title VIII-Supported Research Gallon, Director, Columbian Wilson Center. Commission of Jurists, Bogota; Scholar, Kennan Institute. Nozima Kamalova, Director, Legal WEDNESDAY, JULY 6, 2005 Aid Society, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. THURSDAY, JUNE 16, 2005 INFORMAL SEMINAR ALUMNI SEMINAR Leonid Nevzlin, controlling share- THURSDAY, JUNE 9, 2005 Moscow holder, Group Menatep. SEMINAR “The Law on the Press: 15 Years Cosponsored with the Cold War Without Censorship,” Iurii Baturin, SATURDAY-SUNDAY, JULY 23–24, International History Project, Cosmonaut, Russian Cosmonaut 2005 Woodrow Wilson Center Center, Zvezdnyi gorodok; former ALUMNI CONFERENCE Book Launch: “A Cardboard Research Scholar, Kennan Institute; Golitsyno, Russia Castle?: An Inside History Of The and Chair, Russian Alumni Advisory Council, Kennan Institute; Warsaw Pact, 1955–1991,” Mikhail Russia in the Post-Socialist World , Vice President, INDEM Vojtech Mastny, Senior Scholar, Fedotov Cold War International History Foundation, Moscow, and former Opening Remarks Fulbright-Kennan Institute Research Project, Woodrow Wilson Center; Blair A. Ruble, Director, Kennan Scholar, Kennan Institute. Malcomb Byrne, Deputy Director Institute; Maria L’vova, Press and and Director of Research, National Culture Section, U.S. Embassy, Security Archive FRIDAY, JUNE 24, 2005 Moscow. BRIEFING Discussants: Lawrence Kaplan, Adjunct Professor, Georgetown “The Verdict is in, but the Jury is Out: Plenary Session A Post-Verdict Briefing on Mikhail University, and Professor Emeritus of Chair: Aleksadr Kubyshkin, Chair, Khodorkovsky, YUKOS, and Russia’s History, Kent State University; Rodric Department of Area Studies and Direction,” , Braithwaite, former British Sanford Saunders International Relations, Volgograd Ambassador to the Soviet Senior Partner, Greenberg Traurig, State University, and former Regional Union/Russian Federation, and LLP, and legal defense counsel for Exchange Scholar, Kennan Institute. Public Policy Scholar, Woodrow Mikhail Khodorkovsky; Sarah “The Rise and Fall of Post-Soviet, , Partner, Squire Sanders & Wilson Center. Carey Neo-patrimonial Regimes,” Denis

46 KENNAN INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT 2004–2005 47 , Kennan , Aleksandr , Senior Chair, v Sergei ii , igor hesla Head of Sector , Gr v iac V no , Economist and ch, Russian Academy Professor and Chair, President, Strategia , Moscow Professor, , , Andrei Suslov Andrei esident of the Russian Ol’ga Malinova ov nance,” tment of Issues of Continuing ovoitova Fellow on Human illiam Smir ee Markets in Russia,” epartment Recent Russian of nd the Business Community: nd the Business Community: History, Perm State Pedagogical History, University. Session II: “State, Civil Society, Society, Session II: “State, Civil a Allies and/or Antagonists” Chairs: W Sungur D Department of Research Fellow, for Political Sciences, Institute Scientific Information in Social Sciences, Russian Academy of and former Sciences, Moscow, Institute; Kennan Scholar, Short-Term Center, St. Petersburg, and former Center, Regional Exchange Scholar and Kennan Institute; Scholar, Short-Term Business Elite as Reflected in “Russia’s Public Opinion,” Kozhevnikov Architecture Institute, and formerArchitecture Regional Exchange Scholar Institute; “State and Civil Society: How Can a Hierarchical Structure Interact with a Network?” Area Studies and InternationalArea Studies State Relations, Volgograd and former Regional University, Kennan Institute; Scholar, Exchange in the Post-Soviet “Human Rights Space,” Kliucharev Depar Education and Information Institute of Complex Technology, Social Resear of Sciences, Moscow; “The Influence of Economic Policy on the Establishment and Development of Fr Glazychev Institute of State and Law, Russian Institute of State and Law, Academy of Sciences, Moscow; Council on Executive Secretary, Promoting the Development of Civil Society Institutes and Human Rights of the Pr Federation; and former Galina Star Rights and Conflict Resolution, Kennan Institute. “The Local Business Club as a Foundation for Local Self- Gover , , v , , , , Leading utiuno , Galina opology national Aleksandr Kennan Institute; , Sergei Ar Andriy Rukkas Chair, Department of Chair, Viktoriia Zhuravleva , Hankuk Instructor, , Irina Dezhina Tat’iana Tregubova Tat’iana Valerii Patsiorkovskii Valerii y, Taras Shevchenko Kyiv Taras y, orld Politics and Peoples, Russian niversity of Foreign Studies, Seoul, niversity of Foreign Studies, esearch Fellow, Institute of esearch Fellow, Novgorod State Linguistics Novgorod “Russia and NortheastUniversity; Asia: Internal Politics and Opportunities for Multilateral Regional Cooperation,” R Period, Economics of the Transitional and former Regional Moscow, Kennan Institute; Exchange Scholar, Russian “New Challenges for Education in the Formation of a Single Educational Space in Europe,” Associate Professor, Department of Associate Professor, Histor and former National University, Kennan Regional Exchange Scholar, Institute; “Agrarian Reforms in the Post-Soviet Space: Specifics and Results,” Experience in Professional Education, Institute for Pedagogy and Psychology of Professional Education, Russian Academy of Education, and former Regional Exchange Scholar Professor and Director, Laboratory Professor and Director, for the Study of Inter “The States of the South Caucasus, 2003–2005,” Director, Caucasus Division, Institute Director, for Ethnology and Anthr Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow; “Strategic Partnershipin Ukrainian-Polish Relations, 1991–2004,” Associate Professor, Department of Associate Professor, W State Humanities University; “‘Brought in by the Wind:’ Democracy and U.S. Policy in the Post-Soviet Space,” Professor and Laboratory Chief, Institute for Socio-Economic Studies of the Population, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow; “Russian Modernization through the Prism of American Experience: A Historical Retrospect,” U Foreign Korea; “Investment of in Organizations and Foundations of Russian the Transformation Science,” Kubyshkin Belokurova y ms , Head of , , Director, Associate , , Ol’ga uctor v ina Kosmopolis; or “Authoritarianism national Relations , Senior , Director, Associate Professor , ii Balue Senior Instr Director, National Project National Director, , atal’ia Ivanova , a Ol’ga But Dmitr v N Denis Dragunskii Kosmopolis; tment of Inter t-Term Scholar, Kennan Institute. Scholar, t-Term ope,” zbekistan and Kyrgyzstan),” omano artnership Government, of Business, and Political Science, Nizhnii Depar Professor, Department of Political Professor, Science, Nizhnii Novgorod State University; “The Role of the EU in Establishing and Developing Russia’s Northwestern Borders,” Professor of Psychology, State Professor of Psychology, Higher School of Economics and State University; “The Yaroslavl’ Privatization of State Functions in Connection with the Use of Militar Forces as a Factor in World Politics,” Institute, Moscow, and Editor in and Institute, Moscow, Chief, Researcher, Institute for Systems Researcher, of Analysis, Russian Academy and former Sciences, Moscow, Shor and Democracy in the Post-Soviet and Democracy Asia in the early States of Central 21st Century (Examples of U National Project Institute, Moscow, and Editor in Chief, R Sector, Center for European Center Sector, Integration, Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow; “Boundaries of Identity and Opportunities for Development of Relations among Post-Soviet States,” Sergei Arutiunov Chairs: Session I: “Changes in World Politics in Connection with Refor in the USSR/Russia and the of Post- Development Trajectory Soviet States” Vladimir Iakimets Vladimir Boiko Draguskii Caucasus Division, Institute for Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow. “New Europeans in a New Eur and Director, Laboratory on Russia and Director, and the East, Barnaul State “The Pedagogical University; P Sphere,” and Society in the Social Investment Coordinator, Northwestern Academy for Public TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 2005 NeftStroiServis; “Privatization of the Administration, St. Petersburg, and WILSON CENTER Social Functions of Government: former Regional Exchange Scholar, DIRECTOR’S FORUM Increased Efficiency or Lower Kennan Institute; “Freedom of Literary “Armenia and the Future of Democracy,” , Quality?” Konstantin Anglichanov, Production in Russia at the Beginning Artur Baghdasaryan Chairman, National Assembly of the consultant, Center for Fiscal Policy, of the 21st Century,” Boris Lanin, Moscow; “Legal Foundations for the Chair, Department of Literature, All- Republic of Armenia. Social Responsibility of Business and Russian State Tax Academy, Human Rights,” William Smirnov, Moscow, and former Regional THURSDAY-SATURDAY, Head of Sector, Institute of State and Exchange Scholar, Kennan Institute; SEPTEMBER 8–10 2005 Law, Russian Academy of Sciences, “Strategy of Women’s Organizations: CONFERENCE Moscow; Executive Secretary, A Search for State Paternalism, or Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH Council on Promoting the Protection of Human Rights?” Cosponsored by Dartmouth College, the International House of Japan, Development of Civil Society Institutes Liudmila Popkova, Director, Center and Human Rights of the President of for Gender Research, Samara State and the Portsmouth Peace Treaty the Russian Federation; and former University, and former Regional Anniversary Committee Galina Starovoitova Fellow on Exchange Scholar, Kennan Institute; Human Rights and Conflict “Interaction of Diverse Actors in the Portsmouth and Its Legacies: Resolution, Kennan Institute; “Unique Formation and Development of City An International Treaty Aspects of Russian Public Policy,” Policy,” Natal’ia Vlasova, Professor, Commemorating the Centennial Larisa Nikovskaia, Leading Department of Regional and of the Russo-Japanese Peace Researcher, Institute of Sociology, Municipal Economics, Urals State Treaty of 1905 Russian Academy of Sciences, Economics University, Ekaterinburg. Keynote Address: “Representations Moscow, and Vladimir Iakimets, Senior Researcher, Institute for MONDAY, AUGUST 1, 2005 of a New Japan: Images of the Systems Analysis, Russian Academy ALUMNI SEMINAR Russo-Japanese War” of Sciences, Moscow, and former Kyiv John Dower, Ford International Short-Term Scholar, Kennan Institute; “Regional Development of Ukraine in Professor of History, Massachusetts “The Production of Political Ideas and the Context of Upcoming Institute of Technology. Vectors of the Transformation of the Administrative Reform,” Oleksandr Roundtable Discussion I: “The Russo- Public Sphere in Post-Soviet Russia,” Fisun, Associate Professor, Japanese War” Ol’ga Malinova, Senior Research Department of Philosophy and Fellow, Department of Political Political Science, Kharkiv National “Diplomacy Before and After the Sciences, Institute for Scientific University, and former Regional Russo-Japanese War,” David Information in Social Sciences, Exchange Scholar, Kennan Institute; Schimmelpenninck van der Oye, Associate Professor of Russian and Russian Academy of Sciences, Andriy Rukkas, Associate Professor, Moscow, and former Short-Term Department of History, Taras East Asian History, Brock University, Scholar, Kennan Institute; “Anti-racism Shevchenko Kyiv National and former Title VIII-Supported Short- in Russia: Opportunities and University, and former Regional Term Scholar, Kennan Institute; and , Professor, Problems,” Aleksandr Osipov, Exchange Scholar, Kennan Institute; Yasutoshi Teramoto Faculty of Law, Hiroshima University, Program Coordinator, Memorial Olena Yatsunska, Associate Human Rights Center, and former Professor, Department of Social and Japan; “Lessons Lessened: The Galina Starovoitova Fellow on Political Sciences, Mykolayiv Russian Military Legacy of Human Rights and Conflict Educational and Research Center, 1904–05,” John Steinberg, Resolution, Kennan Institute; “The Odesa National University, and for- Associate Professor, Department of Influence of the Unique Mental mer Regional Exchange Scholar, History, Georgia Southern University, and former Title VIII-Supported Characteristics of the Russian Kennan Institute; Serhiy Feduniak, Population on the Establishment of Associate Professor, Department of Research Scholar, Kennan Institute; Civil Society and Their Role in the Political Science and Sociology, Bruce Menning, Professor of Propaganda of Democratic Values,” Chernivtsi National University; Strategy, Department of Joint and Multinational Operations, U.S. Army Dmitrii Savchenko, Assistant to the Serhiy Rymarenko, Senior General Director for Quality, Research Fellow, Institute of Political Command and General Staff Poligrafspektr; “Culture after and Ethnonational Studies, National College. Socialism: Pro et Contra,” Revekka Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Vul’fovich, Professor, Department of and former Fulbright-Kennan Institute State and Municipal Management, Research Scholar, Kennan Institute.

48 KENNAN INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT 2004–2005 49 - ow oodr Rodric , Director, , Associate AGE); and esident, ogram, W Pr , . . former British , rumpa opean Studies, Woodrow Y, SEPTEMBER 12, 2005 Y, Martha Merritt Martin Sletzinger eign and Security Policy” ilson Center ilson Center East Eur W Director, Joan B. Kroc Institute for Joan B. Kroc Institute Director, International Peace Studies, University of Notre Dame; Lithuanian Free Market Institute, Vilnius; Ambassador to the Soviet Union/Russian Federation, and for Woodrow mer Public Policy Scholar, W Wilson Center BOOK LAUNCH Cosponsored by the Asia Program; American, and Science, Technology, the Global Economy (ST the Middle East Pr Panel III: “Prospects for Further Common Enlargement and the EU’s For Chair: Ugnius T MONDA Braithwaite Belozersk. Church of the Savior. (Photo: William Brumfield) (Photo: William Belozersk. Church of the Savior. y , , , Head, , former yn ector, Kataryna , Director, Dir ysh Labor Director, l , independent ous Borders”? y , , , , Program Rector, opean Studies, vr jski , Research Affiliate, national Monetar , formerU.S. , ector, Center for ector, Evgeny Bazhanov Evgeny Kazuhiko Togo Kazuhiko Dir Oleh Ha , Institute of Eeconomic opean Union’s New , Nida Gelazis Blair A. Ruble Kenneth Yalowitz Kenneth Janusz Buga tment, Inter hele Commercio ganization for Migration; olczuk nderstanding, Dartmouthnderstanding, College. ickey Center for Internationalickey Center apanese Ambassador to the apanese Ambassador Migration Specialist, International Or D U The Diplomatic Academy, Russian The Diplomatic Academy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Fund; Deputy Director, European II Deputy Director, Depar Associate, East European Studies, Wilson Center. Woodrow European Humanities University in exile, Vilnius. Russian and East Eur University of Birmingham, U.K.; Forecasting, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow. scholar, Philadelphia, PA; Philadelphia, PA; scholar, Analysis and Forecasting of Group, Center Migration Working for Demography and Human Ecology J Netherlands; Ryszard Cholewinski Ryszard Zhanna Zayonchkovskaya Anatoly Mikhailov Panel II: “Migration and Refugees” Chair: Mic The Eur Eastern Border Panel I: “An End to Por Chair: John Czaplicka James Collins SEPTEMBER 12, 2005 MONDAY, CONFERENCE European Cosponsored by East Wilson Center Studies, Woodrow Chair: W Minda de Gunzburg Center for European Studies, Harvard University; East European Project, Center for Strategic and International Studies; Kennan Institute. Ambassador to the Russian Ambassador Federation; , , , , Director, Japan. national Igor , Professor, Assistant : , ar as a , oject, Pr , President, y Director, Russia- Director, , Shinji Yokote Eugene Trani David Wolff eaty for Inter Boris Kogut Senior Research r , Vladivostok, Russia. Sho Konishi , Vladimir Ivanov tsmouth Treaty and Asia- tsmouth Treaty ow Wilson Center; ch Division, Economic national Histor tsmouth T oodr ofessor of History East and istory, Russian Academy of istory, eace Treaty” resident, Virginia Commonwealth resident, Virginia The Making of the PortsmouthThe Making okyo, Japan. Professor, Department of Political Professor, Science, Keio University Research Institute for Northeast Asia, T Resear Pr Asian Languages and Cultures, University of Illinois, Urbana- Champaign; “Political Legacies of Portsmouth,” P University. Japan Medical Exchange Foundation; Institute for Health Policy Analysis; “The Implications of the Por Motokazu HoriMotokazu Edward J. Burger Edward “Medical Cooperation in Northeast Asia and the Russian Far East” “The Por Pacific Relations Today” “Riding Rough: Portsmouth, Power Projection and NortheastAnti- Asian Americanism,” Roundtable Discussion IV “The Russo-Japanese W Retrogression of Civilization and Progress,” Roundtable Discussion III: “Cultural Roundtable Discussion of the and Political Legacies PortsmouthSettlement” Lukoianov “Roosevelt Sciences, St. Petersburg; and the U.S. Role: Perception Makes Policy,” P Russian Associate, Institute of H Roundtable Discussion II: Roundtable “ “The Portsmouth Peace,” Far Eastern National Medical University Director Emeritus, Cold War Inter W “Economic Engagement: Coping with the Realities of the Globalized World,” Relations Today” Energy and Security: Toward a Program Specialist, Woodrow Fifteen Years of Post-Soviet New Foreign Policy Strategy Wilson Center; Ryszard Transformations: Conclusions, Cholewinski, Labor Migration Lessons, and Opportunities Introductory Remarks Specialist, International Blair A. Ruble, Director, Kennan Organization for Migration; Opening Remarks Institute; Daniel Yergin, Chairman, Alexander Diener, Assistant Renata Kosc-Harmatiy, Program Cambridge Energy Research Professor, Center for International Associate, Kennan Institute; Vira Associates. Studies and Languages, Pepperdine Maksimova, Assistant Press and Panel I: “Driving Forces in University, and former Title VIII- Culture Attachéé, U.S. Embassy to Energy Security” Supported Research Scholar, Ukraine; Oleksandr Fisun, Moderator: David L. Goldwyn, Kennan Institute; Nora Dudwick, Associate Professor of Political President, Goldwyn International Staff Anthropologist, World Bank; Science, Kharkiv National Strategies, LLC, Senior Fellow, Nida Gelazis, Program Associate, University; Chair, Ukrainian Alumni Energy Program, CSIS, and former East European Studies, Woodrow Advisory Council, Kennan Institute; Assistant Secretary of Energy. Wilson Center; Timothy Heleniak, and former Regional Exchange “China and the OPEC Conundrum,” consultant, World Bank, and former Scholar, Kennan Institute; Yaroslav Amy Myers Jaffe, Wallace Wilson Title VIII-Supported Research Scholar, Pylynskiy, Director, Kennan Kyiv Fellow for Energy Studies, James A. Kennan Institute; Kathleen Project. Baker III Institute for Public Policy Kuehnast, Research Associate, Studies, Rice University; “Can Institute for Russian, European and Panel I Technology Buy Us Energy Eurasian Studies, George Chair: Serhiy Rymarenko, Senior Security?” Ernist Moniz, Professor Washington University; former Title Research Fellow, Institute of Political of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of VIII-Supported Research Scholar; and and Ethnic Studies, National Technology, and former Under Member, Kennan Institute Advisory Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Secretary of Energy. Council; Marlene Laruelle, Fellow, Kyiv, and former Fulbright-Kennan Woodrow Wilson Center; Ali Institute Research Scholar, Kennan Panel II: “Flashpoints and Mansoor, Lead Economist, Europe Institute. Responses” and Central Asia Region, World “‘Strange’ Revolutions, Classical Moderator: Jan H. Kalicki, Public Bank; Mejgan Massoumi, Program Traditions, and the Institutional Policy Scholar, Woodrow Wilson Assistant, Comparative Urban Theories about Democratization: An Center, Counsel for International Studies Project, World Bank; Irena Attempt at Theoretical Reflections on Strategy, Chevron Corporation, and Omelaniuk, Director for Technical the Orange Revolution,” Viktor former Counselor to the Department Cooperation, International Pasisnichenko, Assistant Professor, of Commerce. Organization for Migration; Department of Philosophy, Kharkiv “Saudi Arabia and the Middle Sebastien Peyrouse, Resident National University, and former East,” J. Robinson West, Founder Scientist, French Institute for Central Regional Exchange Scholar, Kennan and Chairman, PFC Energy, and for- Asian Studies, Tashkent; Bryce Institute; “Humanities Education in mer Assistant Secretary of the Qullin, Consultant, Europe and Ukraine: Today’s Problems and Interior; “Defeating the Oil Curse,” Central Asia Region, World Bank; Tomorrow’s Perspectives,” Nataliya Charles McPherson, Senior Blair A. Ruble, Director, Kennan Vysotska, Professor, Department of Advisor, Oil, Gas, Mining and Institute; Louise Shelley, Director, English and American Literature, Kyiv Chemicals Department, The World Transnational Crime and Corruption National Linguistic University, and Bank. Center, and Professor, School of former Regional Exchange Scholar, International Service and Department Kennan Institute; “Lustration as One WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 2005 of Justice, Law, and Society, Option for Battling Corruption,” MEETING American University; Oxana Myroslava Antonovych, Professor, Cosponsored by the World Bank Shevel, Assistant Professor, Department of Law, University of Department of Political Science, Kyiv-Mohyla Academy; “The “Enhancing Gains from Migration Purdue University; Erin Trouth, Transformation of the Particularities of in Europe and Central Asia” Program Assistant, Kennan Institute. National Community Activism in Ukraine,” Viktor Stepanenko, Participants: Caroline Brettell, FRIDAY-SUNDAY, Director, Department of History and Professor, Department of SEPTEMBER 16–18, 2005 Theory of Sociology, Institute of Anthropology, Southern Methodist ALUMNI CONFERENCE Sociology, Ukraine National University; Summer Brown, Poltava Academy of Sciences, Kyiv, and for-

50 KENNAN INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT 2004–2005 51 , , ector , , Kennan , ofessor Deputy Dir , Senior , ch Scholar Oleksandr Vyshnikov Oleksandr Serhiy Feduniak nance, and Pr ander Motyl x ONDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 2005 ONDAY, hernivtsi University; “The National xchange Scholar, Kennan Institute; xchange Scholar, Associate Professor, Department of Associate Professor, Political and Social Sciences, C Professor, Department of Law, Odesa Department of Law, Professor, former and Regional State University, E Security in “Color Revolutions and Ukraine,” Institute of Political Research Fellow, and Ethnic Studies, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, and former Fulbright-Kennan Kyiv, Institute Resear Institute. Shevchenko Kyiv National University; Shevchenko as Neighborhood Policy “European of for Legal Integration an Algorithm Ukraine,” M NOON DISCUSSION Cheers for Stagnation: “Two Institutional Development and Democracy in Ukraine and Russia” Ale Serhiy Rymarenko Department of Political Science, Rutgers University-Newark. Center for Global Change and Gover Influence of the Orange Revolution Influence of the Orange on Contemporary Politics in the U.S.: Ideology,” Political Economy and , e , Professor, , , Oleksandr aras Shevchenko Kyiv Nataliya Slukhai Serhiy Slukhai Ph.D. candidate, Department of Philology, Senior Research Fellow, Senior Research , , v , Myroslava Antonovych Myroslava o iuk ofessor dministrative Conservatism,” egional Exchange Scholar, Kennan egional Exchange Scholar, Pr Kyiv National Shevchenko Taras University; “The Status of the Market Economy for Ukraine: Yesterday, and Tomorrow,” Today, Associate Professor, Department of Associate Professor, Economics, T National University. Department of Economics, Taras Professor, Department of Law, Professor, University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. “Modes of Colorization in Ukrainian Society During the Period of the Orange Revolution, and Its Futur Evolution,” Bir Panel III Chair: Oleksandr Demianchuk Novak Demography and Social Institute of Academy of Studies, National Ukraine, Kyiv; “A Sciences of in to State Administrations Challenge Against Ukraine: Political Changes A Department of International of Kyiv- Cooperation, University and former Mohyla Academy, R of Institute; “Transformation Intergovernmental Relations in Are We Ukraine: Which Way Headed?” , mer , , , inde- Iryna Olha and for , Liudmyla Kyiv , rent Practices and Oleksandr Fisun Kennan Institute; “The , Department of Professor, , Associate Professor, Olena Lazorenko , Viktor Stepanenko heory of Sociology, Institute of heory of Sociology, viv National Polytechnic University. viv National Polytechnic Regional Exchange Scholar, Kennan Regional Exchange Scholar, Institute; “Problematic Aspects of the Ukrainian Party System: Formal Analysis,” Problem of Economic Reforms in Post-Soviet Countries,” Director, Department of History and Director, T National Ukraine Sociology, and for- Kyiv, Academy of Sciences, Institute mer Fulbright-Kennan Kennan Institute. Research Scholar, “Political Metamorphosis in Ukraine —2005: Cur Routes toward a Desired Troubled Result,” Bordiuk Department of Applied Linguistics, L Panel II Chair: mer Fulbright-Kennan Institute mer Fulbright-Kennan Institute; Kennan Research Scholar, Shock: The “Reverse Cultural Ukrainian Context,” Economics, Kharkiv National University; “Labor Relations in Ukraine: Current Trends,” pendent scholar Associate Professor of Political Science, Kharkiv National University and former Regional Exchange Scholar Nosova PUBLICATIONS

The Kennan Institute and the Woodrow Wilson Center are philosophically and operational- ly committed to broad dissemination of the research they sponsor by means of books, Special Reports, Occasional Papers, and Meeting Reports. In conjunction with the Wilson Center Press, the Kennan Institute publishes both mono- graphs and essay collections. Special Reports are booklets that summarize research findings intended for general dissemination or that document the institutional history of the Institute. Occasional Papers are reports on completed research projects or works-in-progress. Submitted by resident scholars, visiting speakers, and workshop participants, these papers are normally longer than standard journal articles and are aimed primarily at an audience of specialists. Some conference papers and proceedings are also published as Occasional Papers. An average of two to five Occasional Papers are published each program year. Meeting Reports are single-page summaries of those Institute lectures of greatest relevance to the general public and the policy-making community. The Institute publishes two such reports for each month from October through June. With the exception of books, all Institute publications are offered to the public free of charge and are regularly distributed to individuals, university libraries, and companies throughout the United States, Europe, Russia, and other states in the region. Most publications are also available on the Internet. Meeting Reports are the heart of the Institute’s publication program; together with the Institute’s monthly calendar, these reports were received by a readership that exceeded 6,500 in 2005. This readership included scholars and researchers at universities and research institutions worldwide, as well as U.S. government officials, and professionals such as lawyers and businessmen. By far the most popular publication the Institute produces, Meeting Reports are used widely in college classrooms in the United States and serve to keep scholars and professionals throughout the world in touch with current research in the field.

Books Occasional Papers Motyl, Alexander J.; Blair A. Kalicki, Jan H. and David L. #292. Russia in Asia—Asia in Ruble; and Lilia Shevtsova, eds. Goldwyn, eds. Energy and Russia: Energy, Economics, and Russia’s Engagement with the Security: Toward a New Foreign Regional Relations (Conference West: Transformation and Policy Strategy. Washington, Proceedings). F. Joseph Dresen, Integration in the Twenty-First D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Center ed. (2005). Century. Armonk, New York: Press; and Baltimore, MD: Johns M.E. Sharpe, 2005. Hopkins University Press, 2005.

52 KENNAN INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT 2004–2005 53 of ilson y Senior Michael mayor of , aph , ow W Steven Biogr oodr ee and A Professor, W mer U.S. , Assistant Professor of , (14 March 2005). , Deputy Assistant illiam Miller ” , Peter and Helen Bing W , and for former Ambassador to U.S. , , derland to Soviet ol. XXII No. 13 2005 ol. XXII No. 14 2005 Princeton University, and former Princeton University, of Japan to the Ambassador Netherlands. Strategic “Japan and Russia: (18 Positioning in East Asia.” January 2005). No. 11 2005 XXII Vol. Tbilisi, Georgia. “Urban Governance and Institution Building in Post-Rose Revolution Tbilisi.” (8 March 2005). Ukraine; DepartmentScience, of Political Island, and for- University of Rhode VIII-Supportedmer Title Short-Term Kennan Institute; Scholar, Zurab Tchiaberashvili Zurab John Tefft Brown Kate Nicolai Petro Secretary of State for European and Eurasian Affairs; No Place: From EthnicNo Place: From Bor Heartland Center Policy Scholar Ambassador to Ukraine. “The Path to a Fr Democratic Ukraine.” (10 February 2005). V History, University of Maryland,History, Baltimore County. “Book Launch— Senior Fellow, Hoover Institution, Senior Fellow, Stanford University; Associate Professor of Political Science, Stanford University; and Senior Associate, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. “Vladimir Putin and Russia’s Course: An Exchange of Views.” (4 February 2005). XXII No. 12 2005 Vol. V Pifer McFaul , National , Thomas and Chairman, eau Chiefs, oliferation and James , Susan Glasser . Lecturer, Fellow, Director, Kennan Director, , , S. Frederick , and consultant, New York, arsike Ball arsike Librarian of Congress , , Director, Program on Director, University Grace Kennan Grace 2005). , Chairman, Central Asia- d ah Y y , var mer Moscow Bur ol. XXII No. 8 2005 errorism Prevention Program, Department of East Asian Studies, Woodrow Wilson Center. Woodrow on “The Impact of the ‘West’ Northwest.” (29 Russia’s November 2004). No. 7 2005 XXII Vol. “Kremlin Rising: Putin’s Russia and “Kremlin Rising: Putin’s the Counter-Revolution.” (10 Januar XXII No. 10 2005 Vol. Simons and Member, Kennan Institute and Member, Advisory Council; Caucasus Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies, and Founding Director, Kennan Institute; and and former Director, Woodrow and former Director, Wilson Center; for Starr Peter Baker Baker Peter Post Washington Togo Kazuhiko Debor Tomila Lankina Tomila Blair A. Ruble Institute; Center, Davis Eurasia in Transition, Har Kennan Institute Advisory Council. “The Kennan Institute at 30: Reflections on the Past and Visions for the Future.” (14 December 2004). V Security Analyst, Pr Billington T Lawrence Livermore National VIII- and former Title Laboratory, Scholar, Supported Short-Term Kennan Institute. “Will Russian Scientists Go Rogue? A Survey on the Threat and the Impact of Western Assistance.” (16 December 2004). XXII No. 9 2005 Vol. Warnecke Vol. XXII No. 6 2005 Vol. - Echo Contributing Central Asia , Foreign Affairs ted Research columnist, , and former om , host, , ; ow Wilson Center. author and , Senior Fellow, Foreign Senior Fellow, tment of State, and for and Professor of , oodr ; Kennan Institute. W , ARTnews , itle VIII-Suppor ch in Putin’s Russia.” (25 ch in Putin’s ith Strategic Partners Like This, ceptions of the Populace in ol. XXII No. 5 2005 Vol. XXII No. 4 2004 Vol. Who Needs Enemies? Russia Considers the ‘Threat’ from China.” (4 October 2004). Scholar “W mer T Research Analyst, Office of Analysis for Russia and Eurasia, U.S. Depar V “Orthodox Bulldozer: Art and Chur October 2004). Fellow Anne Nivat Konstantin Akinsha Konstantin Matthew Ouimet Fiona Hill Moscow Times Moscow Yevgenia Albats Yevgenia Vol. XXII No. 1 2004 XXII Vol. Vol. XXI No. 19–20 2004 XXI No. 19–20 Vol. Asia—Asia in Russia: “Russia in and Regional Economics Energy, Report.Relations.” Conference (22–23 July 2004). Vol. XXII No. 2 2004 Vol. Political Science, Moscow Higher Political Science, Moscow School of Economics. “Bureaucrats and Russian The Politics of Transition: Accommodation.” (15 June 2004). Vol. XXII No. 3 2004 Vol. to Russia.” (27 September 2004). Policy Studies, Brookings Institution. “Eurasia on the Move: The Regional Implications of Mass Labor Migration fr Moskvyi journalist, Moscow. “Caught in the Maelstrom: Per Chechnya, Afghanistan, and Iraq.” (8 November 2004). Editor, Editor, Meeting ReportsMeeting Vol. XXII No. 15 2005 Science, Baylor University, and for- of Oregon. Aleksei Yablokov, President, mer Title VIII-Supported Research “Fraud or Fairytales: Russia and Center for Russian Environmental Scholar, Kennan Institute. Ukraine’s Electoral Experiences.” Policy, Moscow; D.J. Peterson, “From Lords to Vassals: The Endo (12 May 2005). Senior Political Scientist, Rand of Regional Executive Elections in Corporation. Russia.” (25 April 2005). Vol. XXII No. 18 2005 “Economic Growth and Rodric Braithwaite, former British Environmental Security in Russia.” Vol. XXII No. 17 2005 Ambassador to the Soviet (16 March 2005). Peter Ordeshook, Professor of Union/Russian Federation, and Political Science, California Public Policy Scholar, Woodrow Vol. XXII No. 16 2005 Institute of Technology; Mikhail Wilson Center. Andrew Konitzer, Assistant Myagkov, Associate Professor “Moscow 1941: A City and Its Professor, Department of Political of Political Science, University People at War.” (13 June 2005). Special Reports Hanson, Stephen E. and Blair A. Ruble. Indispensable Knowledge: Rebuilding Russian Studies for the 21st Century. Seattle, WA: University of Washington; and Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, 2005. Kennan Moscow Project Publications Vestnik Instituta Kennana v Rossiisko-amerikanskie Vestnik Instituta Kennana v Rossii [Herald of the Kennan otnosheniia v usloviiakh global- Rossii [Herald of the Kennan Institute in Russia], Volume 6, Fall izatsii [Russian-American Relations Institute in Russia], Volume 7, 2004. in the Context of Globalization]. Spring 2005. Moscow, 2005. Kennan Kyiv Project Publications Ahora [Agora], Volume 1, Spring 2005 Dialoge Programs on Russia and the Surrounding States Dialogue Radio #716: The Dialogue Radio #749: A Dialogue Television #813: The History of Russian Architecture Conversation with Marvin Kalb History of Russian Architecture Guest: William Brumfield, author Guest: Marvin Kalb, broadcast Guest: William Brumfield, of The History of Russian journalist, author and founding author of The History of Russian Architecture. director of Harvard’s Joan Architecture. Shorenstein Center.

54 KENNAN INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT 2004–2005 55 oodrow ogram, W Wilson Center London School of Economics Goethe Institute, Boston Guest House, Helsinki University Harvard Project on Cold War Studies Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute Henry M. Jackson Foundation Human Rights First Institute for Russian-American Economic Cooperation International House of Japan International Research and Exchanges Board Latin America Pr FUNDING national Security onmental Change and tmouth College eau of Educational and Cultural ilson Center George F. Kennan Fund George F. Bur Affairs of the U.S. Department of State U.S. Embassy to the Russian Federation U.S. Embassy to Ukraine Comparative Urban Studies Center Wilson Project, Woodrow Dar Department of Politics, University of Glasgow Division of Inter Wilson Center Studies, Woodrow East European Studies, Woodrow W Envir Wilson Security Project, Woodrow Center Environmental Defense, D.C. Washington, Finnish National Defense College Library Georgia Southern University onmental itle VIII) ar International History ived from other public and private sources, and private other public from ived the U.S. including grants from and Kyiv. Embassies in Moscow ovoitova programs),ovoitova 2 percent; Council constitute 6 percent. the Kennan funds raised through remainder The ter Center opean and Eurasian Law ock University Principal Donors of Program Funds, 2004–05 Principal Donors of Program Carnegie Corporation of New York Wilson International Woodrow Center for Scholars Federal Appropriation U.S. Department of State through the Program for Research and on Eastern Europe and the Training Independent States of the Former Soviet Union (T is der During the 2004–05 year, program Carnegie a grant from Corporation of of 47 percent provided York New the 27 appropriation federal provided annual Center’s Wilson budget; total operating Institute’s Kennan Woodrow the percent; on Eastern and the Independent States of Europe Training and for Research Program the Former the VIII) of Union (Title Soviet the U.S. Department of State, 9 percent; the George F.Kennan Fund, ofBureau 6 percent; the Educational and Cultural Affairs of U.S. the Department ofStar the Fulbright State (through and Project, Woodrow Wilson Center Project, Woodrow Car Center for Global Change and Governance, Rutgers University Center for Russian Envir Moscow Policy, Cold W Initiative Moscow American Center, Wilson Asia Program, Woodrow Center Br American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies American Bar Association/Central Eur Co-Sponsors of Programs and Events, 2004–05 Co-Sponsors of Programs Los Alamos National Laboratory Russian, East European, and U.S. Department of State Central Asian Studies Program, Middle East Program, Woodrow U.S.-Ukraine Foundation University of Washington Wilson Center United States Army Command and Science, Technology, America and Military History Research Institute, General Staff College the Global Economy, Woodrow Potsdam, Germany Wilson Center University of Georgia Minda de Gunzburg Center for Slavic Research Center, Hokkaido University of Illinois at Urbana- European Studies, Harvard University Champaign University Slavonic Library of the Helsinki University of Wisconsin, Madison National Council for Eurasian and University Library East European Research (NCEEER) World Bank Southern Conference of Slavic Portsmouth Peace Treaty Yomiuri Shimbun Research Institute, Studies Anniversary Committee Tokyo, Japan The Japan Foundation Renvall Institute, Helsinki University The Washington Group Rodina, Moscow Title VIII Program, U.S. Department Royal Canadian Military Institute of State Royal Institute of International U.S. Commission on International Affairs, London Religious Freedom

Kennan Institute 2005 Annual Dinner May 26, 2005 Park Hyatt Hotel, Washington, D.C.

Woodrow Wilson Award for Corporate Citizenship Vagit Y. Alekperov

Woodrow Wilson Award for Public Service The Honorable Thomas R. Pickering

Honorary Chairman Credit Suisse First Boston Contributors The Honorable Yuri V. Ushakov Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer Mary Ann Allin; Harley and SG Corporate and Investment Marjorie Mandelstam Balzer; Dinner Chairman Banking Thomas F. Beddow; Christina James Mulva Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz Bolton; Patrick Butler; Frank C. Carlucci; David Fishman; Patrice Dinner Co-Chairs Benefactors Gancie; Edward Goldberg; Len Blavatnik Compass Advisers, LLP Kathleen Gulyas; Christopher James C. Langdon, Jr. Fluor Kennan; Howard Krongard; Harry PetroAlliance Services Company, Manion; Boris Maslov; Thomas National Sponsors Ltd. Metts; Kathryn Moore; Robert Access Industries Parker; Arthur Ross; Gerald Citigroup Corporate and Sponsors O’Shaughnessy; Richard Slucher; Investment Banking Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld Galina Svidirova; Stephen Tyree; Renova, Inc. LLP Michael Van Dusen. The Boeing Company Patrons BNP Paribas BP DuPont ConocoPhillips Lehman Brothers Mayer, Brown, Row & Maw LLP

56 KENNAN INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT 2004–2005 57 owne nes ooks exaco Byr atson Buckner tsLink . F on onT t ayles Br Christina Bolton Bourgin Simon and Mariada Nani Boyce Alexander Boyle BP Jeanine Braithwaite Alice Breese Randy Bregman Barbara Br Deming Brown and Glenora Brown Ellen Hotchkiss Brown Brown Julie V. E. W William Brumfield Robert and Chantal Buchanan Helen W Sarah Burke Patrick Butler Rober Robert Campbell Jeffrey and Sandra Canfield Sarah Carey Alice Catherine Carls Frank C. Carlucci Michael Cassella-Blackburn Jacqueline Cavalier CEC Ar Chadbourne & Parke LLP Mary Chaffin Dorothy E. Chamberlain (in honor of Constance Kennan Bradt) Jonathan Chanis Schuyler Chapin Chevr Chevr Choldin Marianna Tax exler . Dieter Beintr . Robert L. Belknap John Bell Joseph C. Bell Ruth Bell Nina Belyaeva Marjorie Benton Nina Berberova Stephen Bergen Joseph S. Berliner Harold and Ruth Berman Eric Biddle, Jr Kelly Biggs Thomas E. Bird Sally Blair Andrew Blane Cole Blasier BNP Paribas William Bodie The Boeing Company BoKom, Ltd., Interconsulting Kathleen and MartinKathleen and Baker Elizabeth Ballantine Odun Balogun Harley Balzer and Marjorie Mandelstam Balzer Glenn Barlow William Barlow Baron Samuel and Virginia Jay and Donna Bartlett David Barton Mark Bassin Stephen and Sandra Batalden Leonid Bazilevich Donald Beaver Beddow Thomas F. Nancy Bedford F oup, Inc. eas national Gr nold nold vins E. Applegate y ol A illiam Ar La Vieille Russie La Vieille cher Daniels Midland Company ivian K. Pyle Martha Awdziewicz Donna Bahry Baker and Botts LLP Adele Baker David Baker Arnold Worldwide LLC Arnold Worldwide Harvey and Sandra Asher Anders Åslund Brooke Astor Laurence J. Aurbach Car Dwayne O. Andr Daniel Abele Access Industries Eleanor Adams Joseph Ajlouny & Feld Akin Gump Strauss Hauer LLP Madeleine Albright Alfa Bank Helen Allen K. Allin Lyndon Mary Ann Allin Thad Alton American Inter Anderson (in honor of Georgina F. Constance Kennan Bradt) Anthony Anemone and V Carol Lee Anschuetz Mar Ar John Armitage Anthony Ar Mary Arnold W A Contributors to the Kennan Institute Endowment Endowment Kennan Institute to the Contributors 2005 September through from 1984 Barbara Ann Chotiner Michael DiGiacomo David Fishman Peter Christoff Wesley M. Dixon, Jr. Ralph Fletcher, Jr. Citigroup Corporate and Paula Dobriansky Michael S. Flier Investment Banking Norton T. Dodge Fluor Susan Clark Walter M. Drzewieniecki Ford Motor Company Elizabeth Clayton Robert and Louise Dudley Evan and Leman Fotos Pat Cloherty Margaret T. Dunham (in honor of Clifford and Juanita Foust Edith Clowes Constance Kennan Bradt) Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer The Coca-Cola Company James A. Duran, Jr. Maurice Friedberg Stephen F. Cohen and Katrina van- DuPont Natalie and Werner Friedlander den Heuvel Alexander Dzhaparidze Daryl P. Friedman Julia Colton Cyrus Eaton Foundation Fund Raising Financial Columbia University Helaine Efron Management, Inc. Communication Workers of Elle Eljand J.B. Fuqua America Herbert J. Ellison Zev Furst Compass Advisers, LLP Peter V. Emerson FYI Resources Byron Coney Gaetana Enders Gregory and Ann Gagarin Rachel Connell Barbara Engel Ziva Galili Conoco, Inc. Laura Engelstein Jeffrey Gallagher ConocoPhilips Terrence English Patrice Gancie Melissa Conway The Eurasia Foundation Gardiner, Kamya Esther Coopersmith & Associates, P.C Matthew Evangelista Jonathan Coopersmith John and Carol Garrard Donna Evans Kevin Covert Mark and Elizabeth Garrison John Evans Cow Hollow Foundation Douglas and Paulette Garthoff Exxon Corporation Credit Suisse First Boston Raymond L. Garthoff ExxonMobil Robert Croskey Bruce Gelb F.J. Elsner North America Ltd. Piers Cumberlege General Motors Andrew Faber Mark D’Anastasio Philip and Nancy Gillette David and Judith Falk Robert V. Daniels Larisa Glad Vreneli Farber Joseph J. Darby Vyacheslav Glazychev Roger Felberbaum Mira Davidovski Abbott and Sarah Gleason Murray Feshbach Dan Davidson Gregory Gleason Daniel Field R.T. and Jean Davies William Gleason Julie Finley Moshe Decter Robert and Margaret Goheen First Medical Group, Inc. Bernard K. Dehmelt Edward Goldberg Lloyd Fischel Kevin Delany Goldman Sachs George Uri Fischer Gladys Krieble Delmas Val Golovskoy Walter Fischer Detroit Tigers, Inc. Daniel Good Ralph T. Fisher, Jr. Douglas P. Dick Seymour Goodman

58 KENNAN INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT 2004–2005 59 Jr. , Kleckner t emer ginia Kline ir ydia Kesich oth and Judith Kr ge and V . yn Klubnikin and Mrs. Rober . eselin and L Anatoly and Irina Khazanov Roger Kirk Mr Firuz Kazemzadeh William Keasbey Kendall Donald M. Annelise Kennan Christopher Kennan Kennan George F. Joan Kennan The Kennan Family Kent Kennan Nancy Kennan Karen Kennedy Thomas and Susan Kenneley and Betty Kepley Vance Stephen Kerr V Geor Amy and Malcolm Knight Stanley Kober Roger and Diane Koenker Marta Kolomayets and Danylo Yanevsky George Kolt Korben International Industrial and Fincancial Corporation Kosin Igor and Vera Krassimir Kostov Mikhail Kouriatchev Igor Koval A.W Ruth and Jerry Kreuzer Robert Krieble Ladis and Jane Kristof Howard Krongrad Anya Kr Jill and Edward Kline Eliza K. Klose Kher Bushnell . ood Johnson 1962 D. Jacobs W d t Johnson and D.F . Charitable Trust Rosemary Johnson Jordan Industries Pamela Jordan Peter Juviler Daniel Kaiser Jan Kalicki Roger and Joan Kanet Kansans for Kassebaum William, and Jennifer Nancy, Kassebaum Allen H. Kassof Mark Katz Rober Roman Jakubow Douglas James Robert James JKW Foundation Anne H. Johnson Brad Johnson B.F Jeanette Kennan Hotchkiss Jeanette Kennan Foundation Huang Hsing Robert Huber and Lois Kendall Hubert Blair Hunter ICN Pharmaceuticals Icon Solutions, Inc. Pavel Ilyin Study Institute for Advanced International Research and Exchanges Board International Strategic Studies Association International Technology John N. Irwin III Heyward Isham Betty Jacob Dan Jacobs Richar vey owitz riman Foundation d Har . W Holmes y old K. Hothschild Foundation y r alter and Catherine Hanchett Chauncy and Edith Harris A.A. and Donna Hartman Benjamin and Frauke Har Franklyn Holzman Brian and Eszter Hor Peter Hauslohner Louise and Franklin Havlicek John Hazar Irwin Heine and Mary Heiser Wayne Clarence E. Heller Susan Henderson (in honor of Constance Kennan Bradt) Catherine Henry Hans and Barbara Heymann Robert Himmer and Sally Himmer Edyth M. Holbrook Lar The Gordon Fund The Gordon Lillian Govorchin Gerald and Graham Katharine Loren Graham Philip L. Graham Foundation William Green Gertrude Greenslade Gribble Charles and Lyubomira Patricia Grimstead Kathleen Gulyas Jay Haft Jeffrey Hahn Halliburton Roger and Sally Hamburg W Joseph and Ann Harahan Evelyn J. Harden Ruth Harkin Mar Eugene Hotchkiss, III Har Olena Iwanna Kucyk George Lister MIC Industries, Inc. Michael and Martha Lahana Lockheed Martin Richard and Sharon Miles Mrs. Gerard B. Lambert J. Murray Logan James and Gera Millar Ronald Landa Rose London Jeffrey Miller Markel and Diana Larkins S.A. Louis-Dreyfus Corporation Robin Miller Edward and Holly Larsen David Lowe William Green Miller Eugene Lawson Edward Lozansky Richard Mills Gary Lazor Linda Lubrano Tatiana Milovidova William Lee Lukoil Milstein Family Foundation, Inc. Lehman Brothers Paul and Mary Lydolph Minnesota Twins Ilya Levin Robert and Ann MacMaster Kenneth Mitchell Michel Levine Michael Makwenko Beth Mitchneck Randy Levine Maria Mackay Sidney Monan Moshe Lewin Silvana Malle Moncreif Oil International Ronald Liebowitz Plato Malozemoff Kenneth F. Montgomery Jean and David Linderman James I. Mandell Kathryn Moore Franklin Lindsay David Manel Thomas Morelli Susan Linz Harry Manion Victor Mote Maury Lisann James and Becky Marcum The Mumford Family Trust Murrey and Frances Marder Jay and Joyce Mumford Anne C. Martindell Murphy Oil Company Boris Maslov Matthew Murray Jack F. Matlock, Jr. N.T. Callaway Real Estate, LLC Daniel C. Matuszewski National Committee on American Foreign Policy Sergey Matveev Carol Nechemias Mayer, Brown, Row & Maw, LLP Leroy P. Nesbit Kevin McClatchy Leilani Newton James E. McCobb New York Community Trust John McVickar Barbara Norton Edgar and Emily Mead Occidental Petroleum Edward Melanson Robert P. Odell, Jr. Abraham Melezin William E. Odom Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Charles Ofner Rajan Menon Mr. and Mrs. George D. O’Neill The Mercator Corporation Abby and George O’Neill Trust Michael and Michelle Merrese Marlene Onulak Martha Merritt Samuel and Alyne Oppenheim Thomas Metts Popovka-Kalikinsaia (Vologda oblast’). Wooden Church of the Ludmilla Orelup Nativity of the Virgin. (Photo: William Brumfield) Henry Michael

60 KENNAN INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT 2004–2005 61 - , joined een Miller otest movement in Steven Pifer to speak on how the illiam Gr ft evenge against all sup W ef and Outdoor kitchen. (Photo: Helen Bodian) . John T Kyiv at the Chornobyl site, increased of Odesa State University warned e - - een Miller t of uctur aras T illiam Gr Oleksandr and eventu the elections W , e Anders Aslund es, and suppor Volodymyr Dubovyk Volodymyr ch Scholar, ch Scholar, by the day Oleksandr Potiekhin ew of the University of Kansas of the University nment should avoid conducting a campaign of r uction of a new containment str of State for European and Eurasian Affairs on Ukraine to declar y e panel including etar ushchenko won. Wilson Center Senior Policy Scholar a eets of Kyiv—gr essur , new gover s aras Shevchenko National University in Kyiv aras Shevchenko National University in ds the constr Paul D’Anieri mer U.S. Ambassadors to Ukraine of T which Y for eign bank accounts of political figur ,

, y of George Washington University, and University, of George Washington ushchenko’

uar ezhko wo days later The day after the second round of elections were held in The day after the second In the aftermath Institute hosted several events addressing of the Orange Revolution, the Kennan Yushchenko’s base of supporters—both within the govern- Yushchenko’s T Carnegie Endowment for International Peace discussed U.S. aid to assist Ukraine in implementing its reform agenda, and support for Ukraine’s integration U.S. aid to assist Ukraine in implementing its reform agenda, and support for Ukraine’s into international institutions. options for U.S. policy responses to the developing revolution. options for U.S. policy responses to the developing fraud in the They argued that the evidence of electoral November elections was very that the strong and emphasized U.S. should put pr of

November, November, Understanding the Orange Revolution the Orange Understanding runoff by contentious presidential election—marked 2004 voter fraud, and the elections, Ukraine’s to most notable events one the Yushchenko—was candidate Viktor poisoning of liberal near-fatal the “Orange Revolution,” the Kennan over the past decade. During and after take place in Europe D.C. audiences in Washington, of lectures and seminars to keep Institute hosted a number informed and consider the broader and rapidly changing situation in Ukraine about the complex future of Ukraine and for U.S. policy implications for the toward the region. that Y that the Dubovyk argued regional diversity, the country’s manage porters of the old government. To government a federal state. Also in should consider amending the constitution to make Ukraine Febr the Embassy of Ukraine to the United States, the Embassy of Ukraine to the United the question of Ukraine’s future. In February, future. In February, the question of Ukraine’s who spent six weeks in Ukraine during the Orange Revolution, described the pr Kyiv as an “urban, mass political action of a peaceful, effective kind never before seen in Ukraine or anywhere else. It was democracy in the most direct form.” ally the government scheduled a new run-off election for late December ment and on the str ing opposition parties. invalid. Merezhko suggested specific actions that the U.S. invalid. Merezhko suggested specific government could take if the elections are not overturned, administration, freez- including not recognizing a Yanukovych ing the for Kuzio Deputy Assistant Secr Mer described the situation in Ukraine as highly volatile. At the described the situation had taken to the streets in Kyiv time, thousands of protesters protest the apparent victoryand other cities to of Prime that early signs indicat- He argued Yanukovych. Minister Viktor ed that the protesters had significant support, particularly from the Kyiv city government, but he warned that it was unclear whether the police and the military would support the central government or the protesters. U.S. can promote freedom and democracy in Ukraine. The speakers agreed that the U.S. has a U.S. can promote freedom and democracy in Ukraine. The speakers agreed that government fulfill the promises of reform that were made dur- strong interest in seeing Yushchenko’s reduce U.S. priorities includehelping Ukraine its ing the Orange Revolution. According to Tefft, con- including portable surface-to-air missiles (MANPADS), aging conventional weapons inventory, tributing towar and a Fulbright-Kennan Institute Resear Gerald O’Shaughnessy Philip and Marian Raup Albert and Kathryn Schmidt Alexander Papamarkou Peter Reddaway Ann I. Schneider Boris Paretzkin Carl and Collette Reddel Janet Schwartz Parker Drilling Company Joyce Reed Morton and Runa Schwartz Robert Parker Steven W. Reiquam Jospeh and Barbara Sciacchitano Kathleen Parthé Thomas and Nancy Remington The Scowcroft Group Chat Paterson Renova, Inc. Erik Severeid Katherine Paxton Nicholas Riasanovsky R.K. and Barbara Severin Paul and Ellen Peachey Lois Rice SG Corporate and Investment Banking Susan Pearce Nathaniel Richmond Robert Sharlet PepsiCo. Foundation, Inc. Yale Richmond Evgeny Shchemelev Etta Perkins Alfred Rieber John and Judith Sheehan Margaret Pertzoff T.H. Rigby Sinclair Sheers PetroAlliance Services Company Jerome Rinkus Louise Shelley Peter Pettibone Steven Robinson Leslie and Michael Sherman The Philanthropic Collaborative David Rockefeller Nobuo and Reiko Shimotamai Elizabeth Pickering Rockefeller Brothers Fund Vladimir Shlapentokh Pilot Foundation Richard and Jean Rodes Marshall D. and Collette Shulman Raymond Platig Robert and Lucy Rodes Raja Sidawi PNC Bank Susan and Saul Roenstreich Frank R. Silbajoris Eugene Pohren Hans and Claire Rogger John Simmons William Pomeranz Susan and Elihu Rose Foundation Martin Sletzinger Philip Pomper and Alice E. Pomper Samuel Rosenthal Darrell and Diane Slider Cathy Popkin Arthur Ross Richard Slucher Robert Post William M. Roth Gordon Smith Angelika and Justin Powell William and Joan Roth Fund Polina Smith Walter Pozen William Rougle Theodore Smith John R. and Svetlana Price Gilbert and Marsha Rozman Elena Sokol Marin Pundeff and Janet Ziegler Christine Ruane Solomon Smith Barney Quigley and Associates Blair A. Ruble Adam Sondey Samuel Rachlin Dietrich and Marilyn Rueschemeyer John and Sheila Sontag Hugh Ragsdale Russia House Associates Sovlink Karen and Donald Raliegh Andrea Rutherford Valery N. Soyfer Robert Rand Maureen Ryan Joshua and Ellen Spero C.W. Randell Takeshi Sakon The Sputnik Group Clyde E. Rankin Richard Salomon Frederick and Elizabeth Stafford Gilbert Rappaport Marideth Sandler Herman and Carol Starobin Rudolph Rasin James Scanlan S. Frederick Starr Anne Rassweiler Michael Schammel

62 KENNAN INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT 2004–2005 63 illenz ta W obec inters or op fairs Council of ildman inthr illiam Zimmerman orld Af Washington, D.C. Washington, Christine W C. Ben Wright Dean S. Worth Edward Zebrowski Betty and Serge Zenkovsky W Harold Zoslow Anonymous (10) Karl-Eugen Wädekin Karl-Eugen Louis Wagner Franklin Walker Peggy Walker Foundation Wallach Thomas J. Watson Weeks Ted Edmund Weiant Irwin Weil Mary and Leon Wheeler Eston and Edith White Julie A. Whitney Foundation Whitney Thomas P. Cynthia Whittaker Allan W Eric and Alber William Woehrlin Sharon Wolchik W Robert C. Williams Stanley B. W John W ust Company r an Dusen ee yr enclova wigg an Rensselaer fmann Michael H. V Heuvel William J. Vanden Energy Company Vanco Nina V Margaret van Schaack Milos Velimirovic Thomas V VimpelCom Enzo Viscusi and Mrs. Ladislaus von Mr. Hof Laue Theodore and Angela Von Lipton, Rosen & Katz Wachtell, Dean and Jane Thompson Dean and Judith Thornton III Todd William Mills Togo Kazuhiko and Tomoko Albert and Donna Tosches Vladimir Toumanoff Treadgold Donald W. J.C. Troncale Trott James and Margaret Mutual Understanding for Trust Robert Tucker Robert C. and Eugenia Tucker Tumins Valerie James Turner Judyth T Stephen T Richard Ullman United States T aubman d for tz aquey aquey eplitskaia illiam and Jane T Elizabeth Teague John Tedstrom Mark Teeter Mike Telson Helen T and Rita Terras Victor Petroleum Company Teton Theodore and Gislea Taranovski Gael and Robert Tarleton W Charles G. Stefan Charles G. Vladimir Steffel John J. Stephan Richard Stites Donald B. Strauss Strickland Stephen P. Strochak Adam and Valerye Foundation Robert D. Stuart Jr. Rosemary Stuart Gary Sullivan SUN Group of Companies Gerald Surh and Elizabeth L. Surma John P. Family Fund Eleanor B. Sutter Galina Svidirova Michael Swaf Anne Swar Frank E. Taplin Antony T Charles T Contributors to the Robert H. Baraz Fund* Kenneth and Claire Angevine Robert and Jean German Henry S. Myers George and Dorothy Avery Jon and Selene Gibney Leroy P. Nesbit William and Jane Black Jon and Jennifer Glaudemans Karen L. Puschel Cole and Martha Blaiser Peter A. Hauslohner Sheldon Rapoport Terrance and Sarah Byrne Edward Hurwitz Morton and Runa Schwartz David and Elizabeth Cayer Curtis Kamman William and Sandra Shaw Dorothy E. Cheever Heyward Isham John and Sheila Sontag Richard and Ruth Curl Mark Katz Charles G. Stefan Eileen R. Dohn Isabel G. Kulski Leon Taran Robert and Louise Dudley Karl and Martha Mautner Kathleen M. Walker Natalie T. Friedlander Douglas P. Mulholland Benjamin and Geraldine Zook Robert H. Baraz Interns Gina Ottoboni, 1991–92 Mark Webber, 1996–97 Olena Nikolayenko 2001–02 Thomas Mahalek, 1992–93 Kimberly Righter, 1997–98 Jane Buchanan, 2002–03 Susanna Bolle, 1993–94 Paul du Quenoy, 1998–99 Adam Fuss, 2003–04 David Russell, 1994–95 Cynthia Neil, 1999–2000 Sophia Plagakis, 2004–05 Shana Hansell, 1995–96 Jon Kakasenko, 2000–01

* In 1991 the Kennan Institute established a research internship program in honor of the late Robert H. Baraz, former Director of the Office of Research and Analysis for the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe at the U.S. Department of State.

64 The Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, established by Congress in 1968 and headquartered in Washington, D.C., is a living national memorial to President Wilson. The Center’s mission is to commemorate the ideals and concerns of Woodrow Wilson by providing a link between the worlds of ideas and policy, while fostering research, study, discussion, and collaboration among a broad spectrum of individuals concerned with policy and scholarship in national and international affairs. Supported by public and private funds, the Center is a nonpartisan institution engaged in the study of national and world affairs. It establishes and maintains a neutral forum for free, open, and informed dialogue. Conclusions or opinions expressed in Center publications and programs are those of the authors and speakers and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Center staff, fellows, trustees, advisory groups, or any individuals or organizations that provide financial support to the Center. The Center is the publisher of The Wilson Quarterly and home of Woodrow Wilson Center Press, dialogue radio and television, and the monthly newsletter “Centerpoint.” For more information about the Center’s activities and publications, please visit us on the web at www.wilsoncenter.org.

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