SN : A rectangular sheet of roofing material created by a man ABERDEEN GRANITE made process (eg. asbestos cement slate) and made to look UF : Rubislaw Granite like, and used in the same way as, natural slate. UF : Balmoral Granite BT : GRANITE ARTIFICIAL STONE SN : Medium grained, dark bluish-grey stone. Quarried mainly UF : Bradstone from the Rubislaw Quarry. UF : Empire Stone UF : Imitation Stone Adamelite BT : MAN MADE MATERIAL USE : SHAP GRANITE NT : COADE STONE NT : PULHAMITE STONE ALABASTER RT : SCAGLIOLA BT : STONE RT : STONE RT : MARBLE SN : Synthetically manufactured stone made from natural SN : Fine grained, whitish, granular variety of Gypsum. stone aggregate or reconstituted ceramics or clay, and made Suitable for carving. to appear natural. Used as solid stone for masonry or for sculptural and architectural ornament. Alps Grey Granite ARTIFICIAL TIMBER USE : GNEISS BT : MAN MADE MATERIAL Alta Quartzite SN : Synthetic fibres and reconstituted materials imitating, or in the form of, timber created by a man-made process. Use USE : SCHIST carefully - do not confuse with mock and sham timber work.

Altazite ASBESTOS USE : SCHIST UF : Asbestos Slate UF : Corrugated Asbestos ALUMINIUM BT : MAN MADE MATERIAL UF : Corrugated Aluminium SN : A mineral crystal of thin, tough fibres which can BT : METAL be woven. Used for high temperature insulation or as NT : ANODIZED ALUMINIUM reinforcement in asbestos cement building board and SN : Lightweight, strong metal with good corrosive resistance, corrugated roofing. If used to imitate slate, use artificial slate normally used as an alloy. also.

Amberley Stone Asbestos Slate USE : CHALK USE : ASBESTOS

Ammonite Asbestos Slate USE : FOSSIL USE : ARTIFICIAL SLATE

Ancaster Stone Ashburton Marble USE : LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE USE : DEVONIAN LIMESTONE

ANIMAL Ashburton Marble NT : BONE USE : MARBLE NT : FOSSIL NT : LEATHER ASHLAR NT : SHELL BT : MATERIAL SN : Pertaining to or deriving from a living organism. See SN : A square, hewn or worked, high class freestone which ANIMAL Class list for narrow terms. can be 'freely' cut and is laid in horizontal courses with vertical joints. ANODIZED ALUMINIUM BT : ALUMINIUM ASPHALT SN : Aluminium coated by a protective film of oxides created BT : BITUMEN by electrolysis. SN : Solid or viscous bituminous pitch of natural occurrence,or produced from petroleum mixed with sand Anston Stone or other aggregate filler, for use in roads or as a covering USE : MAGNESIAN LIMESTONE material

Arabescato Marble Auchinlea Stone USE : CARRARA MARBLE USE : SANDSTONE

ARTIFICIAL SLATE Australian Marble UF : Asbestos Slate USE : MARBLE BT : MATERIAL BAKELITE BT : PLASTIC USE : GRANITE SN : Thermosetting plastic commonly used for its properties of electrical insulation. BEER STONE BT : CHALK Ballachulish Slate SN : Coarse, hard Chalkstone, light grey to white coloured, USE : SCOTTISH SLATE containing shell fragments.

Balmoral Granite BEMBRIDGE LIMESTONE USE : ABERDEEN GRANITE UF : Quarr Stone UF : Bembridge Stone BAMBOO UF : Binstead Stone BT : WOOD UF : Isle Of Wight Stone SN : Tropical giant grass with hollow stem used structurally or BT : TERTIARY LIMESTONE as a covering material. SN : Generic name for the hard, white/cream coloured, freshwater limestone. Quarried on the Isle of Wight. Bardiglio Marble USE : CARRARA MARBLE Bembridge Stone USE : BEMBRIDGE LIMESTONE BARGATE STONE UF : Burgate Stone Berwyn Slate BT : SANDSTONE USE : WELSH SLATE SN : Hard, coarse grained, calcareous sandstone, coloured by iron oxide. Quarried in the Guildford and Godalming area Bethersden Marble of the South East. USE : MARBLE

Barge Quartzite Bethersden Marble USE : SCHIST USE : CRETACEOUS LIMESTONE

Barnack Stone Binstead Stone USE : LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE USE : BEMBRIDGE LIMESTONE

BASALT Biotite Granite UF : Volcanic Stone USE : GRANITE UF : Volcanic Trap UF : Hurdwick Stone Birchover Stone UF : Killerton Stone USE : GRITSTONE (SANDSTONE) BT : STONE RT : GREENSTONE Birshover Gritstone RT : RHYOLITE USE : GRITSTONE (SANDSTONE) RT : SERPENTINE RT : WHINSTONE BITUMEN SN : Basic, black coloured, fine grained, igneous rock. BT : MAN MADE MATERIAL Basebed NT : ASPHALT NT : TAR USE : PORTLAND STONE NT : TARMACADAM SN : A semi solid mixture of complex hydrocarbons derived Base Bed from coal or petroleum. Used as a waterproof binder or USE : PORTLAND STONE protective coating.

BATH STONE BITUMINOUS FELT UF : Monks Park Stone UF : Roofing Felt UF : St Aldhelm Stone BT : MAN MADE MATERIAL UF : Stoke Ground Stone SN : A material made of felted fibres bonded by bitumen. UF : Westwood Stone Often used as a roofing material. UF : Winsley Ground UF : Box Ground Black Granite UF : Box Rubblestone USE : DIORITE UF : Bradford Stone UF : Combe Down Stone Bladon Cotswold Stone UF : Corsham Stone UF : Hartham Park Stone USE : COTSWOLD STONE UF : Hazlebury Stone BT : OOLITIC LIMESTONE Blaxter Stone SN : Even grained, poorly fossiliferous, light brown/cream USE : SANDSTONE coloured, oolitic limestone. Quarried in the Bath area. Bletchingdon Marble Battscombe Stone USE : MARBLE USE : CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE Bletchingdon Marble Baveno Granite USE : JURASSIC LIMESTONE RT : CONGLOMERATE Blue Grey Slate RT : PUDDINGSTONE USE : WELSH SLATE SN : Sedimentary rock consisting of angular fragments naturally cemented together. BLUE LIAS BT : LIAS Breche Rose NT : KEINTON STONE USE : MARBLE SN : Hard white/grey coloured liassic limestone. Quarried on the Devon-Dorset border. BREEZE BLOCK UF : Thermalite Blue Peterhead Granite BT : CONCRETE USE : PETERHEAD GRANITE RT : RESIDUE SN : Lightweight building block traditionally made with coke Bluestone breeze from gas works combined with sand and cement. Use USE : WEST COUNTRY SLATE this term generally to denote a light, modern concrete building block with man made characteristics. Blue Welsh Slate BRICK USE : WELSH SLATE UF : Malm (Brick) Bognor Rock UF : Ruabon Brick UF : Staffordshire Blue Brick USE : SUSSEX STONE UF : Vitrified Brick UF : Fletton Brick Bolsover Moor UF : Flint Lime Brick USE : MAGNESIAN LIMESTONE BT : MATERIAL NT : ENGINEERING BRICK Bolton Wood Stone RT : CLAY USE : YORK STONE RT : MATHEMATICAL TILE RT : PEAT Bon Accord Red Granite SN : Standard rectangular block or tablet bonded on mortar USE : GRANITE joints in a regular arrangement or pattern for strength or decoration. Made from clay or brick earth which may contain BONE varying quantities of chalk, lime or iron oxide which effect BT : ANIMAL colour or density. SN : Any of the pieces of hard tissue consisting largely of calcium phosphate that make up the skeleton of a vertebrate BRICKEARTH animal. BT : EARTH MIX SN : An unconsolidated geological deposit sometimes iused Borrowdale Slate as a bonding material in stone walls. USE : LAKE DISTRICT SLATE Britannia Stone Box Ground USE : SANDSTONE USE : BATH STONE BRONZE Box Rubblestone BT : METAL USE : BATH STONE RT : COPPER RT : TIN Bradford Stone SN : Hard, corrosive resistant alloy of copper and tin. USE : BATH STONE Broughton Moor Slate Bradstone USE : LAKE DISTRICT SLATE USE : ARTIFICIAL STONE BUNGAROOSH Bramley Fall Stone UF : Bungeroosh BT : CEMENT MIX USE : SANDSTONE SN : Composed of a wide variety of substances and materials such as whole or broken bricks, cobblestones, flints, pebbles Brandon Hill Grit Rubble and sand which are set into hydraulic lime. Used most often USE : CONGLOMERATE to form external walls and is commonly found in the Brighton/ Lewes region. BRASS BT : METAL Bungeroosh SN : Easily formed metal alloy composed of copper and zinc. USE : BUNGAROOSH

Brathay Slate Bunter Stone USE : LAKE DISTRICT SLATE USE : SANDSTONE

BRECCIA Burgate Stone BT : STONE USE : BARGATE STONE RT : HERTFORDSHIRE PUDDINGSTONE UF : Hadene Stone Burlington Blue Grey UF : Hoptons Wood Stone USE : LAKE DISTRICT SLATE BT : LIMESTONE RT : MARBLE Burlington Slate RT : SANDSTONE USE : LAKE DISTRICT SLATE RT : SHALE SN : Limestones formed during the Carboniferous period. Bursting Stone Many are cut, polished and used as marble. USE : LAKE DISTRICT SLATE Cardeston Stone Burwell Stone USE : SANDSTONE USE : CLUNCH CARRARA MARBLE Buttermere Slate UF : Pavonazzo UF : Cipollino Marble USE : LAKE DISTRICT SLATE UF : Arabescato Marble UF : Bardiglio Marble CAEN STONE BT : MARBLE BT : CRETACEOUS LIMESTONE SN : Imported Italian marble varying in colour from green, SN : Fine grained limestone, yellow or yellow/white in colour. blue, purple to white. Imported from France, mainly for ecclesiastical use. CARSTONE Caerbwdy Stone UF : Car Stone USE : SANDSTONE UF : Ginger Bread Stone BT : SANDSTONE Caithness Flagstone RT : IRONSTONE USE : SANDSTONE SN : Coarse hard sandstone often coloured with iron oxide creating its characteristic brown shades. Calcareous Spar USE : LIMESTONE Car Stone USE : CARSTONE Calverley Stone USE : SUSSEX STONE Cary Stone USE : OOLITIC LIMESTONE CAMPAN MARBLE UF : Campan Melange Casterton Stone UF : Campan Rose USE : LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE UF : Campan Vert BT : MARBLE CAST IRON SN : White coloured marble. Imported from France. BT : IRON SN : Dating from the 15th century, it is a hard alloy of iron and Campan Melange carbon, melted and shaped into various moulded forms. USE : CAMPAN MARBLE Catacleuse Campan Rose USE : ELVAN USE : CAMPAN MARBLE CEDAR Campan Vert BT : WOOD USE : CAMPAN MARBLE SN : Durable wood from a non-native, evergreen conifer.

Campden Stone CEMENT USE : OOLITIC LIMESTONE UF : Whitby Cement UF : Cement Render CANVAS UF : Cement Tile BT : MATERIAL BT : CEMENT MIX SN : An unbleached cloth of hemp, flax or other coarse yarn. NT : PORTLAND CEMENT RT : CONCRETE CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE RT : LIME UF : Penmon Limestone RT : MORTAR UF : Pennon Marble RT : SAND UF : Orton Scar Limestone RT : SLURRY UF : Salterwath RT : WOODWOOL SLAB UF : Swaledale Fossil SN : Originally obtained by burning limestone to produce UF : Cheddar Stone quicklime. Now a fine grey powder made from a mixture of UF : Battscombe Stone limestone and clay used with water and sand to make mortar UF : Deepdale Fossil or with water, sand and aggregate to make concrete. UF : Derbydene UF : Derbyshire Fossil CEMENT MIX UF : Dukes Red Limestone BT : MAN MADE MATERIAL UF : Frosterley Marble NT : BUNGAROOSH NT : CEMENT NT : CONCRETE Chinley Moor Stone NT : MORTAR USE : GRITSTONE (SANDSTONE) NT : ROMAN CEMENT NT : SLURRY Chudleigh Stone SN : A binder combined with various aggregates which sets USE : DEVONIAN LIMESTONE and holds together into a mass which then hardens and gains strength. Cipollino Marble Cement Render USE : CARRARA MARBLE USE : RENDER Clashach Stone Cement Render USE : SANDSTONE USE : CEMENT CLAY Cement Tile UF : Clay Tile BT : EARTH MIX USE : TILE RT : BRICK RT : CERAMIC Cement Tile RT : LIAS USE : CEMENT RT : PANTILE RT : TILE CERAMIC SN : A fine grained earth which becomes more plastic when BT : MAN MADE MATERIAL water is added and can be moulded and dried to make bricks, NT : MAJOLICA tile, pottery, etc. NT : TERRACOTTA RT : CLAY CLAY LUMP RT : TILE BT : EARTH MIX SN : Designating or pertaining to hard, brittle substances SN : Large, moulded, unburnt blocks of clay type soil laid in a produced by strong heating of clay. similar way to brick, but bedded in lime and clay 'mortar'. The walls produced are characteristically thinner than those of cob CHALK and pise. UF : Amberley Stone BT : CRETACEOUS LIMESTONE Clay Tile NT : BEER STONE USE : TILE NT : CLUNCH SN : A soft, porous, white to light grey coloured limestone. Clay Tile USE : CLAY Channel Isle Granite USE : GRANITE CLINKER BT : RESIDUE Charlbury Stone SN : Fused ash from furnaces used as aggregate. USE : OOLITIC LIMESTONE Clipsham Stone Charlwood Stone USE : LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE USE : MARBLE Clob Charlwood Stone USE : COB USE : CRETACEOUS LIMESTONE CLUNCH Charnwood Stone UF : Totternhoe Stone USE : FOREST STONE (LEICESTERSHIRE) UF : Burwell Stone BT : CHALK Chatwell Stone SN : A hard, gritty, grey/green coloured form of chalk. USE : SANDSTONE COADE STONE Cheddar Stone BT : ARTIFICIAL STONE USE : CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE SN : Durable artificial stone consisting of china clay, sand and finely ground stoneware cast from moulds and fired in a kiln. CHERT Commonly used for architectural ornament and facings. UF : Lyddite UF : Knapped Chert COB BT : STONE UF : Clob NT : FLINT BT : EARTH MIX SN : A hard, silica rich rock, black or brown coloured, NT : WICHERT commonly found in nodular form. SN : Walls composed of clay, earth, straw, lime and sand, mixed with water. Constructed without shutters in layers upon Chilmark Stone a stone or brick plinth and usually covered with protective USE : PORTLAND STONE limewash. SN : Metal used primarily for roofing and ornamental COBBLE purposes, being lighter and stronger than lead. BT : MATERIAL RT : STONE Coralline Crag SN : Naturally occurring glacial rock fragments (diameter USE : TERTIARY LIMESTONE 64-256mm) larger than pebble and smaller than boulder. Coral Rag Limestone Cobble Stone USE : OOLITIC LIMESTONE USE : LAKE DISTRICT SLATE Corfe Stone Collyweston Slate USE : PURBECK STONE USE : LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE CORK Combe Down Stone BT : WOOD USE : BATH STONE SN : Buoyant, light material obtained from the cork tree.

COMBED WHEAT REED Cornbrash Limestone BT : STRAW USE : OOLITIC LIMESTONE SN : A form of thatching straw composed of stems that have been combed mechanically to remove grain and extraneous Cornish Granite waste material without crushing the stem. USE : GRANITE

CONCRETE Cornish Rustic UF : Concrete Block USE : WEST COUNTRY SLATE UF : Concrete Tile UF : Granolithic Concrete Cornish Slate BT : CEMENT MIX USE : WEST COUNTRY SLATE NT : BREEZE BLOCK NT : LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE Correnie Granite NT : PRESTRESSED CONCRETE NT : REINFORCED CONCRETE USE : GRANITE RT : CEMENT RT : PANTILE Corrugated Aluminium RT : SAND USE : ALUMINIUM RT : TILE SN : Composed of sand, stones or other aggregate and Corrugated Asbestos cement mixed with water which sets in a hard mass. The USE : ASBESTOS material is usually associated with modern building but was developed by Romans where cement was obtained from Corrugated Iron quicklime. USE : IRON

Concrete Block Corsehill Stone USE : CONCRETE USE : SANDSTONE

Concrete Tile Corsham Stone USE : TILE USE : BATH STONE

Concrete Tile Cor Ten Steel USE : CONCRETE USE : WEATHERING STEEL

CONGLOMERATE Cosgrove Stone UF : Brandon Hill Grit Rubble USE : LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE UF : Dolomitic Conglomerate BT : STONE Cotswold Slate NT : PUDDINGSTONE USE : COTSWOLD STONE NT : SEPTARIA RT : BRECCIA COTSWOLD STONE SN : Sedimentary rock consisting of rounded pebbles UF : Stanway Stone naturally cemented together. UF : Bladon Cotswold Stone UF : Cotswold Slate CONNEMARA MARBLE UF : Guiting Stone BT : MARBLE BT : OOLITIC LIMESTONE RT : SERPENTINE SN : Sandy, light brown (cream to golden) coloured SN : One of only three 'true' British marbles, green and white limestone, easily worked and readily available. in colour, predominantly used in large public buildings. Coxbench Sandstone COPPER USE : SANDSTONE BT : METAL RT : BRONZE Craigleith Stone USE : SANDSTONE Derbydene CRETACEOUS LIMESTONE USE : CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE UF : Petworth Marble UF : Large Paludina Marble Derbyshire Fossil UF : Laughton Marble USE : CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE UF : Laughton Stone UF : Small Paludina Marble Derbyshire Grit Stone UF : Sussex Marble USE : GRITSTONE (SANDSTONE) UF : Bethersden Marble UF : Charlwood Stone Derbyshire Stone UF : Istrian Stone BT : LIMESTONE USE : SANDSTONE NT : CAEN STONE NT : CHALK Devon Granite NT : KENTISH RAGSTONE USE : GRANITE RT : SUSSEX STONE SN : Limestone formed during the Cretaceous period. DEVONIAN LIMESTONE UF : Plymouth Limestone Crosland Hill Stone UF : Plymouth Stone USE : YORK STONE UF : Torquay Limestone UF : Torquay Marble Culm Measures Stone UF : Chudleigh Stone USE : SANDSTONE UF : Ashburton Marble BT : LIMESTONE Culm Stone SN : Limestone formed during the Devonian period, and found predominantly between the Exe and Tamar rivers in USE : SANDSTONE Devon. Varying in colour from black/grey to pink/white it was often polished to imitate, and be used as, marble. Cumberland Stone USE : SANDSTONE Devon Marble USE : LIMESTONE Darley Dale Stone USE : GRITSTONE (SANDSTONE) Devon Marble USE : MARBLE Darney Stone USE : SANDSTONE Devon Slate USE : WEST COUNTRY SLATE DAUB BT : EARTH MIX Diamanzite RT : LATH USE : QUARTZITE RT : LIME RT : PLASTER DIORITE RT : WATTLE SN : Application of earth based plaster to a backing of lath or UF : Black Granite wattle used in internal or external walls. Composite mixture BT : STONE which may include clay soil, dung, straw, lime putty, sand or SN : Coarse grained, dark coloured, igneous rock. horsehair. Doddington Stone Davie Blocks Stone USE : SANDSTONE USE : SANDSTONE DOLERITE Deal BT : STONE USE : TIMBER RT : GREENSTONE RT : RHYOLITE DECORATIVE PLASTER RT : WHINSTONE SN : Medium grained, intrusive, black or dark green coloured, BT : MATERIAL igneous rock. BT : PLASTER NT : PARGETING DOLOMITE NT : SCAGLIOLA SN : Ornate or patterned decoration, carved into or moulded UF : Dolomitic Conglomerate from plaster. BT : MINERAL RT : MAGNESIAN LIMESTONE Deepdale Fossil SN : Soft, often white, but may be transparent. Dolomite can be found on its own, but may also occur as a replacement USE : CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE mineral found in some rocks, particularly limestone, formed after action by magnesium-rich fluids. Delabole Slate USE : WEST COUNTRY SLATE Dolomitic Conglomerate USE : CONGLOMERATE Delph Stone USE : SANDSTONE Dolomitic Conglomerate Elland Edge Stone USE : DOLOMITE USE : YORK STONE

DOUBLE ROMAN TILE ELM BT : TILE BT : WOOD SN : A large rectangle roof tile with an upstand on one side, SN : Deciduous wood from the native elm tree, commonly a roll in the centre and another roll on the other side, which used for framing or cladding of lesser timber framed fits over the upstand of the adjacent tile. The name does not structures due to its poorer weathering qualities as compared denote a relationship with the Roman period. to oak.

Doulting Stone Elterwater Slate USE : OOLITIC LIMESTONE USE : LAKE DISTRICT SLATE

Drewsteignston Stone ELVAN USE : GRANITE UF : Pentewan Stone UF : Trerice Porphry Dukes Red Limestone UF : Trerice Stone USE : CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE UF : Catacleuse UF : Growan Dundee Marble BT : PORPHYRY USE : MARBLE RT : GRANITE SN : Miner's term for fine grained, often light grey/fawn Dundee Marble coloured porphyritic rocks. Commonly found in Devon and Cornwall. USE : GRANITE Ematita Granite Dundry Stone USE : GNEISS USE : OOLITIC LIMESTONE Empire Stone Dunhouse Stone USE : ARTIFICIAL STONE USE : SANDSTONE ENCAUSTIC TILE Dunleary Stone BT : TILE USE : GRANITE SN : Glazed and decorated, patterned earthenware tile combining different coloured clays which are inlaid and burnt Dunston Stone in. Mainly used for flooring and external decoration. USE : SANDSTONE ENGINEERING BRICK EARTH BT : BRICK BT : EARTH MIX SN : A dense, high strength, low absorption brick of uniform RT : PEAT size, employed predominantly in industrial structures such as RT : TURF railway viaducts. SN : Combination of organic and inorganic material cohered to form a hard solid wall or covering. Use for structures ETHYLTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE FOIL created by the excavation and piling up of earth, such as UF : Efte Foil ice houses. Earth may be used in combination with other BT : MAN MADE MATERIAL materials. SN : Extremely thin foil made out of ethyltetraflouroethylene, a modified copolymer which is extruded into a thin film and EARTH MIX which is related to Teflon. It has a very high level of light NT : BRICKEARTH transmission in visible and ultra violet range. Used instead of NT : CLAY glass. NT : CLAY LUMP NT : COB Fabric NT : DAUB USE : TEXTILE NT : EARTH NT : MARL FAIENCE NT : MUD NT : PISE UF : Marmo NT : SAND BT : TERRACOTTA SN : Unbaked clays and/or soil material often mixed with, RT : TILE or performing the function of an aggregate or binder. See SN : Solid masonry slabs (tiles) of terracotta which are EARTH MIX Class List for narrow terms. usually used as a cladding by bedding in concrete. Faience also refers to decorative glazed units. Efte Foil FELDSPAR USE : ETHYLTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE FOIL BT : MINERAL Elland Edge Flagrock SN : Hard, often coloured, can be transparent. Found on its own as crystals and veins but also as a major constituent of USE : YORK STONE all three geological rock types. RT : SYENITE FELT SN : Collective name for a series of rocks (granite, syenite, BT : TEXTILE porphry and slate) found in the Charnwood Forest of SN : Fabric of fibrous materials consolidated by heat and Leicestershire. Index with specific stone type where given. mechanical action so that the fibres are matted together. FOSSIL FIBREBOARD UF : Ammonite UF : Medium Board BT : ANIMAL UF : Medium Density Fibreboard RT : MINERAL UF : Hardboard RT : STONE BT : PANEL BOARD SN : The remains of living organisms preserved in stone RT : WOOD over a long time period. This may be the internal or external SN : A sheet formed from wood which has been separated moulds of, usually, the hard parts of an organism (shells, into its fibrous elements and reconstituted under pressure. bones, etc.). The natural fibres produce resins which act as adhesive, but often additional adhesives are used. Foxs Wood Rubble USE : SANDSTONE FIBREGLASS BT : MAN MADE MATERIAL Freebed SN : Any material consisting of glass filaments woven into USE : LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE textiles, paper or board. FREESTONE FIRESTONE UF : Langton Freestone BT : SANDSTONE UF : Yorkshire Freestone RT : IRONSTONE UF : Hard York Freestone SN : Soft sandstone stained by iron oxide often used in the BT : STONE Surrey area. SN : Stonemason's term for any easily worked sedimentary rock. Index with specific stone type where given. Fletton Brick USE : BRICK Frosterley Marble USE : MARBLE FLINT UF : Knapped Flint Frosterley Marble BT : CHERT USE : CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE SN : Hard, durable, dark grey stone, the purest native form of silica, which can either be used decoratively or as a main Gaisby Stone material. Predominantly found in East Anglia and the South USE : STONE East. Galvanised Iron Flint Lime Brick USE : GALVANIZED IRON USE : BRICK Galvanised Steel FLUORITE USE : GALVANIZED STEEL UF : Fluorspar BT : MINERAL GALVANIZED IRON SN : Soft mineral, colour varying from black/purple to yellow/ UF : Galvanised Iron green. Commonly found as a mineral vein. BT : IRON SN : Iron coated in zinc, giving good protection against Fluorspar weathering. USE : FLUORITE GALVANIZED STEEL Forest Marble UF : Galvanised Steel USE : MARBLE BT : STEEL SN : Steel coated in zinc, giving good protection against Forest Marble weathering. USE : JURASSIC LIMESTONE Gatton Stone Forest Of Dean Stone USE : REIGATE STONE USE : SANDSTONE Ginger Bread Stone Forest Stone (Gloucestershire) USE : CARSTONE USE : SANDSTONE GLASS FOREST STONE (LEICESTERSHIRE) BT : MAN MADE MATERIAL UF : Swithland Slate NT : SOLAR CONTROL GLASS UF : Charnwood Stone SN : Transparent, hard substance made by fusing soda-silica BT : STONE which solidifies from a molten state. RT : PORPHYRY RT : SCOTTISH SLATE GNEISS RT : SLATE UF : Madreperla UF : Verde Ematita Graphic Granite UF : Alps Grey Granite USE : GRANITE UF : Ematita Granite BT : STONE GRASS RT : GRANITE BT : PLANT SN : Coarse grained, metamorphic rock in which the colour is SN : Ground-covering herbage, some varieties of which can dependent upon the predominant mineral. be used, especially when dried and in large quantities, as a construction material. Godstone Stone USE : REIGATE STONE GRAVEL BT : MATERIAL GOLD RT : SAND BT : METAL RT : STONE SN : A precious metal characterised by its yellow colour and SN : Grains of rock fragment larger than coarse sand and resistance to tarnishing. finer than pebbles (diameter 2-4mm).

GORSE Green Brae Stone BT : PLANT USE : SANDSTONE RT : THATCH SN : A spiny evergreen shrub of the pea family which can be Greenmoor Stone utilized as a roof covering in areas of its predominance, eg. USE : YORK STONE heathland. Greensand Stone GRANITE USE : SANDSTONE UF : Pink Granite UF : Raddon Stone Greenslate UF : Muscovite Granite UF : Newham Stone USE : LAKE DISTRICT SLATE UF : Rose Swede Granite UF : Ross Of Mull Granite GREENSTONE UF : Scotch Granite BT : STONE UF : Scottish Granite RT : BASALT UF : Virgo Granite RT : DOLERITE UF : Biotite Granite RT : GRANITE UF : Bon Accord Red Granite SN : Geologist's term for any dark coloured, slightly UF : Channel Isle Granite metamorphosed igneous rock. Index with specific stone type UF : Baveno Granite where given. UF : Cornish Granite UF : Correnie Granite Green Ventnor Stone UF : Devon Granite USE : MALMSTONE UF : Drewsteignston Stone UF : Dundee Marble Grey Royal Granite UF : Dunleary Stone USE : GRANITE UF : Granolithic Concrete UF : Graphic Granite Greyweathers UF : Grey Royal Granite USE : SARSEN STONE UF : Hornblende Granite UF : Imperial Mahogany Grinshill Stone UF : Isle Of Man Granite USE : SANDSTONE UF : Kemnay Granite BT : STONE NT : ABERDEEN GRANITE GRITSTONE (LIMESTONE) NT : MOORSTONE BT : JURASSIC LIMESTONE NT : MOUNTSORREL GRANITE SN : Specific English quarryman's term for any limestone NT : PETERHEAD GRANITE abundant in shell fragments. Use this term with care. When NT : SHAP GRANITE only Gritstone is mentioned, unless otherwise specified, RT : PORPHYRY assume it to be Gritstone (Sandstone), since this is the most RT : ELVAN common usage. RT : GNEISS RT : GREENSTONE GRITSTONE (SANDSTONE) SN : A hard, coarse grained, durable igneous rock. Can be UF : Matlock Stone used decoratively or as a main material. Found throughout UF : Millstone Grit the country. UF : Revidge Grit UF : Stancliffe Stone Granolithic Concrete UF : Watts Cliff Stone USE : CONCRETE UF : Wattscliffe Stone UF : Whatstandwell Stone Granolithic Concrete UF : Birchover Stone UF : Birshover Gritstone USE : GRANITE UF : Chinley Moor Stone UF : Darley Dale Stone UF : Derbyshire Grit Stone bloom and laid with the roots carefully entwined. The covering UF : Hall Dale Stone turns a characteristic black colour with age. BT : SANDSTONE SN : Carboniferous sandstone varying in grain size from Heathstone coarse to fine and in colour from white, yellow, pink to USE : SARSEN STONE brown. When only Gritstone is mentioned, unless otherwise specified, assume it to be Gritstone (Sandstone), as this is Heavitree Stone the more common usage. USE : SANDSTONE

Growan HERTFORDSHIRE PUDDINGSTONE USE : ELVAN BT : PUDDINGSTONE RT : BRECCIA Guiting Stone SN : A conglomerate rock comprising well rounded flint USE : COTSWOLD STONE pebbles in a very hard matrix of fine pale coloured sand, bound together by hard natural silica cement. The pebbles Hadene Stone are usually coloured ochre or red and have black rims. USE : CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE HIGH TENSILE STEEL Hailes Stone BT : STEEL USE : SANDSTONE SN : A strong alloy of steel.

Hall Dale Stone Hollington Stone USE : GRITSTONE (SANDSTONE) USE : SANDSTONE

HAM HILL STONE Hoptons Wood Stone UF : Ham Stone USE : CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE BT : LIAS SN : Shelly, gold/brown, coloured liassic limestone containing HORNBLENDE large quantities of crystalline calcite. BT : MINERAL SN : Medium hard, green/black coloured. Found in many Ham Stone igneous and metamorphic rocks. USE : HAM HILL STONE Hornblende Granite Hardboard USE : GRANITE USE : FIBREBOARD HORNTON STONE Hard Rock BT : LIAS USE : YORK STONE SN : Compact grained, brown/yellow/green/grey blue, coloured liassic limestone. Hardwhite USE : LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE Horsham Slab USE : HORSHAM STONE Hard York USE : YORK STONE HORSHAM STONE UF : Horsham Slab Hard York Freestone BT : SUSSEX STONE USE : FREESTONE SN : Hard, fissile sandstone which weathers to a dark brown colour. Mainly used as a stone roofing material (stone slate) Hard York Freestone throughout Sussex and Surrey. USE : YORK STONE Hovingham Stone Hartham Park Stone USE : JURASSIC LIMESTONE USE : BATH STONE Huddlestone Stone Hatherleigh Stone USE : MAGNESIAN LIMESTONE USE : SANDSTONE Hurdwick Stone Hazlebury Stone USE : BASALT USE : BATH STONE Imitation Stone Headington Stone USE : ARTIFICIAL STONE USE : OOLITIC LIMESTONE Imperial Mahogany HEATHER USE : GRANITE BT : PLANT RT : THATCH Industrial Waste SN : A dwarf shrub of the heath family used as an alternative USE : RESIDUE to straw as a roof covering in moorland regions. Cut while in IONA MARBLE BT : MARBLE USE : GRANITE SN : One of only three 'true' British marbles, pale green and white in colour. Kentish Rag USE : KENTISH RAGSTONE IRON UF : Corrugated Iron KENTISH RAGSTONE BT : METAL UF : Tonbridge Stone NT : CAST IRON UF : Kentish Rag NT : GALVANIZED IRON BT : CRETACEOUS LIMESTONE NT : WROUGHT IRON SN : Sandy, rough blue to green/grey coloured limestone. SN : A malleable, ductile ferromagnetic metal widely used for Quarried in Kent and widely used throughout the South East. structural and decorative purposes. Kerridge Stone IRONSTONE USE : SANDSTONE UF : Northamptonshire Stone BT : STONE Ketton Stone RT : CARSTONE USE : LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE RT : FIRESTONE RT : LIAS Keuper Stone RT : MALMSTONE RT : MARLSTONE USE : SANDSTONE RT : OOLITIC LIMESTONE RT : SANDSTONE KILLAS SN : Collective name for any stone that has become BT : SLATE impregnated with iron oxide. Index with specific stone type SN : Cornish miner's term for slates formed during the where given. Carboniferous and Devonian periods.

Isle Of Man Granite Killerton Stone USE : GRANITE USE : BASALT

Isle Of Wight Stone Kirkstone Green USE : BEMBRIDGE LIMESTONE USE : LAKE DISTRICT SLATE

Istrian Stone Knapped Chert USE : MARBLE USE : CHERT

Istrian Stone Knapped Flint USE : TERTIARY LIMESTONE USE : FLINT

Istrian Stone Ladycross Stone USE : CRETACEOUS LIMESTONE USE : SANDSTONE

Italian Quartzite LAKE DISTRICT SLATE USE : SCHIST UF : Moss Rigg Slate UF : Skiddaw Slate Jaune Lamartine UF : Spoutcrag USE : MARBLE UF : Westmoorland Green UF : Westmoorland Slate JURASSIC LIMESTONE UF : Borrowdale Slate UF : Brathay Slate UF : Pink Verona Marble UF : Broughton Moor Slate UF : Verde Fraye UF : Burlington Blue Grey UF : Verona Marble UF : Burlington Slate UF : Walling Stone UF : Bursting Stone UF : Yeovil Marble UF : Buttermere Slate UF : Bletchingdon Marble UF : Cobble Stone UF : Forest Marble UF : Elterwater Slate UF : Hovingham Stone UF : Kirkstone Green BT : LIMESTONE UF : Lakeland Green NT : GRITSTONE (LIMESTONE) UF : Greenslate NT : LIAS BT : SLATE NT : OOLITIC LIMESTONE RT : SHALE SN : Limestone formed during the Jurassic period. Provides SN : Collective term for the Burlington (Silurian period) and many widely used building stones. Borrowdale (Ordovician period) groups of slates from the Lake District and parts of Cumbria, Lancashire. Hard, fine KEINTON STONE grained metamorphic rock, varying in colour from green/olive BT : BLUE LIAS to black/blue black. SN : Hard, white/grey coloured liassic limestone. Quarried near Somerton in Somerset. Lakeland Green USE : LAKE DISTRICT SLATE Kemnay Granite RT : DAUB Lane Head Stone RT : MORTAR USE : SANDSTONE RT : PLASTER RT : ROMAN CEMENT Langton Freestone SN : Calcium Oxide obtained by heating limestone in a kiln. USE : FREESTONE Used as a constituent of modern mortar, or as slaked (non- hydraulic) lime in lime putty, daub, limewash and traditional Langton Freestone lime plaster, mortar and renders. USE : PURBECK STONE Lime Mortar Large Paludina Marble USE : LIME USE : MARBLE Lime Mortar Large Paludina Marble USE : MORTAR USE : CRETACEOUS LIMESTONE LIMESTONE LATH UF : Membury Stone UF : Moolham Stone BT : TIMBER UF : Todber Stone RT : DAUB UF : Calcareous Spar RT : PLASTER UF : Devon Marble SN : Narrow strips of wood which can form the groundwork BT : STONE for slates, panels or plaster work. NT : CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE NT : CRETACEOUS LIMESTONE Laughton Marble NT : DEVONIAN LIMESTONE USE : MARBLE NT : JURASSIC LIMESTONE NT : MAGNESIAN LIMESTONE Laughton Marble NT : TERTIARY LIMESTONE USE : CRETACEOUS LIMESTONE NT : TUFACEOUS LIMESTONE RT : MALMSTONE Laughton Stone RT : MARBLE USE : CRETACEOUS LIMESTONE RT : REIGATE STONE RT : SHALE Lazonby Red Sandstone SN : Sedimentary rock consisting mainly of calcium USE : SANDSTONE carbonate. Varying in grain size, colour and hardness, quarried and used throughout the country. LEAD BT : METAL LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE NT : SHEET LEAD UF : Stamford Stone SN : Metal used primarily for roof coverings and window UF : Weatherbed fittings. It is easy to work, can be worked cold and does not UF : Weldon Stone rust which makes it suitable for holding or repelling water. UF : Casterton Stone UF : Clipsham Stone LEATHER UF : Ancaster Stone UF : Barnack Stone BT : ANIMAL UF : Collyweston Slate SN : Animal skin that has been hardened or treated by a UF : Cosgrove Stone tanning process. UF : Freebed UF : Hardwhite LIAS UF : Ketton Stone UF : Stowey Stone BT : OOLITIC LIMESTONE BT : JURASSIC LIMESTONE SN : Generic term for the oolitic limestones quarried in NT : BLUE LIAS Northamptonshire, Lincolnshire and Rutland. Varying in grain NT : HAM HILL STONE size from medium to coarse, and colour from cream to pale NT : HORNTON STONE brown. NT : MARLSTONE RT : CLAY Locharbriggs Stone RT : IRONSTONE USE : SANDSTONE RT : SANDSTONE SN : Collective term for the building limestones formed during the Lower Jurassic period. Longford Rustic Slate USE : SLATE LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE BT : CONCRETE LONG STRAW SN : A concrete which is either aerated or made from BT : STRAW lightweight aggregate. RT : THATCH SN : Composed of loose uncombed lengths of harvested LIME wheat which are formed into bundles for laying. Distinctive appearance with both ears and butts visible on the surface UF : Lime Mortar traditionally using hazel spars which hold the straw in place. BT : RESIDUE RT : CEMENT Lower Greensand USE : SANDSTONE Mansfield Woodhouse Stone Lyddite USE : MAGNESIAN LIMESTONE USE : CHERT MARBLE Madreperla UF : Parian Marble USE : GNEISS UF : Pennon Marble UF : Pentelic Marble MAGNESIAN LIMESTONE UF : Petworth Marble UF : Mansfield Woodhouse Stone UF : Pink Verona Marble UF : Roche Abbey Stone UF : Purbeck Marble UF : Steetly Stone UF : Large Paludina Marble UF : Tadcaster Stone UF : Laughton Marble UF : Bolsover Moor UF : Sicilian Marble UF : Anston Stone UF : Skyros Marble UF : Huddlestone Stone UF : Small Paludina Marble BT : LIMESTONE UF : Sussex Marble RT : DOLOMITE UF : Teesdale Marble SN : Permian limestones which have had their chemical UF : Tinos composition naturally altered with the calcium content being UF : Torquay Marble replaced by magnesium. Fine grained and varying from UF : Travertine yellow/brown to cream in colour, although they weather to a UF : Verde Antico dark grey. UF : Verde Fraye UF : Verona Marble MAJOLICA UF : Yeovil Marble BT : CERAMIC UF : Bethersden Marble SN : Fine earthenware with raised patterns of coloured UF : Bletchingdon Marble decoration in the form of an enamel or coloured opaque UF : Breche Rose glaze. Use for decorative wall facings. UF : Charlwood Stone UF : Ashburton Marble Malm (Brick) UF : Australian Marble UF : Devon Marble USE : BRICK UF : Dundee Marble UF : Forest Marble Malm (Stone) UF : Frosterley Marble USE : MALMSTONE UF : Istrian Stone UF : Jaune Lamartine MALMSTONE BT : STONE UF : Malm (Stone) NT : CAMPAN MARBLE UF : Green Ventnor Stone NT : CARRARA MARBLE BT : SANDSTONE NT : CONNEMARA MARBLE RT : IRONSTONE NT : IONA MARBLE RT : LIMESTONE NT : SKYE MARBLE SN : A soft, grey to white coloured, sandstone formed during RT : ALABASTER the Cretaceous period, whose sand grains are cemented RT : CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE together with lime. RT : LIMESTONE RT : POLYPHANT MAN MADE MATERIAL RT : PURBECK STONE NT : ARTIFICIAL STONE RT : SCAGLIOLA NT : ARTIFICIAL TIMBER SN : Collective name for, in a true geological sense, a NT : ASBESTOS metamorphosed limestone, eg. Carrara marble, and, in the NT : BITUMEN British sense any decorative stone that will take a polish, eg. NT : BITUMINOUS FELT Purbeck marble. In the latter's case index with specific stone NT : CEMENT MIX type where given. NT : CERAMIC NT : ETHYLTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE FOIL MARL NT : FIBREGLASS BT : EARTH MIX NT : GLASS SN : A mixed earthy substance consisting principally of clay NT : PANEL BOARD mixed with calcium carbonate and sand in very variable NT : PAPER proportions. NT : PLASTIC NT : RENDER MARLSTONE NT : RESIDUE UF : Uppingham Stone NT : RUBBER BT : LIAS SN : A material or combination of materials manufactured RT : IRONSTONE by human effort, or fashioned into shape by man or a man RT : SEPTARIA made industrial process (excluding metal). See MAN MADE SN : Fine grained, iron rich, liassic limestone, found in Dorset, MATERIAL Class List for narrow terms. Somerset, Oxfordshire, Northamptonshire, Leicestershire and Rutland. Mansfield Stone USE : SANDSTONE Marmo USE : FAIENCE USE : GRITSTONE (SANDSTONE)

MATERIAL MINERAL NT : ARTIFICIAL SLATE NT : DOLOMITE NT : ASHLAR NT : FELDSPAR NT : BRICK NT : FLUORITE NT : CANVAS NT : HORNBLENDE NT : COBBLE NT : QUARTZ NT : DECORATIVE PLASTER RT : FOSSIL NT : GRAVEL SN : Natural inorganic substance possessing a definite NT : PEBBLE chemical composition in a crystalline form. See MINERAL NT : RUBBLE Class Listnfor narrow terms. NT : TESSERA NT : THATCH Monks Park Stone NT : TILE USE : BATH STONE NT : TIMBER SN : A raw material determined by its form or a finished Moolham Stone product material characterised by its end shape or form. See USE : LIMESTONE MATERIAL Class List for narrow terms. MOORSTONE MATHEMATICAL TILE BT : GRANITE BT : TILE RT : SARSEN STONE RT : BRICK SN : Stonemason's name for granite found lying upon the SN : Tile nailed externally to a wall and usually laid in mortar moorland surface, as opposed to having been quarried, in designed to present a brick-like appearance. the West Country and the Lake District. Used, as found, since prehistoric times, in later years was often dressed and Matlock Stone shaped. USE : GRITSTONE (SANDSTONE) MORTAR Medium Board UF : Lime Mortar USE : FIBREBOARD BT : CEMENT MIX RT : CEMENT Medium Density Fibreboard RT : LIME USE : FIBREBOARD RT : SAND SN : A mixture of lime or more recently cement with sand and Membury Stone water used for bonding stones or bricks. USE : LIMESTONE Mosaic Merstham Stone USE : TESSERA USE : REIGATE STONE Moss Rigg Slate METAL USE : LAKE DISTRICT SLATE NT : ALUMINIUM NT : BRASS Moulton Stone NT : BRONZE USE : SANDSTONE NT : COPPER NT : GOLD MOUNTSORREL GRANITE NT : IRON UF : Mount Sorrel Granite NT : LEAD UF : Mountsorrel Stone NT : SILVER BT : GRANITE NT : STEEL SN : Very hard, rough medium/coarse grained, pink to NT : TIN grey coloured granite. Usually found and quarried in NT : ZINC Leicestershire. RT : PLYMETAL SN : Class of elements and alloys that are characteristically Mount Sorrel Granite lustrous,ductile, fusible and malleable. These are extracted USE : MOUNTSORREL GRANITE from ore minerals originally existing in nature and processed before becoming a recognisable metal. See METAL Class Mountsorrel Stone List for narrow terms USE : MOUNTSORREL GRANITE Metamorphic Stone MUD USE : STONE BT : EARTH MIX Midhurst Stone SN : Wet soil, sand or other earthy matter combined with ballast and bonded with straw or other binding material. Walls USE : SUSSEX STONE are built in the absence of shuttering by the simple process of pitching in layers. Mill Hill Slate USE : WEST COUNTRY SLATE Mudstone USE : SHALE Millstone Grit NT : WOODWOOL SLAB Muscovite Granite SN : Large board used for covering the internal surfaces of USE : GRANITE a building, ie. floors, walls and ceilings. Some forms can be used as external cladding. Newham Stone USE : GRANITE PANTILE BT : TILE Northamptonshire Stone RT : CLAY USE : IRONSTONE RT : CONCRETE SN : Curved, interlocking roof tile of S-shaped section usually OAK made of clay or concrete. BT : WOOD PAPER SN : A native hardwood of the Beech family with hard and durable characteristics which traditionally made it appropriate BT : MAN MADE MATERIAL for structural work. RT : WOOD SN : Thin flexible sheets made from the pulp of wood or other Oolite fibrous matter. USE : OOLITIC LIMESTONE PARGETING OOLITIC LIMESTONE UF : Pargetting BT : DECORATIVE PLASTER UF : Oxford Stone SN : External decorative plasterwork often incised or UF : Painswick Stone modelled with ornamental patterns. Usually applied to timber- UF : Stonesfield Slate framed houses, especially during 16th and 17th centuries. UF : Taynton Stone UF : Wheatley Stone Pargetting UF : Campden Stone UF : Cary Stone USE : PARGETING UF : Charlbury Stone UF : Oolite Parian Marble UF : Coral Rag Limestone USE : MARBLE UF : Cornbrash Limestone UF : Doulting Stone Pavonazzo UF : Dundry Stone USE : CARRARA MARBLE UF : Headington Stone BT : JURASSIC LIMESTONE PEAT NT : BATH STONE UF : Peat Brick NT : COTSWOLD STONE BT : VEGETAL NT : LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE RT : BRICK NT : PORTLAND STONE RT : EARTH RT : IRONSTONE SN : Part-decomposed vegetable matter formed under SN : Limestone formed during the Jurassic period. Composed waterlogged conditions into a firm, brown deposit resembling of ooliths, literally small rock particles with the appearance of soil. Used as a brick for infilling in timber framed walls. fish roe. Peat Brick Orton Scar Limestone USE : PEAT USE : CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE PEBBLE Otta Slate BT : MATERIAL USE : SCHIST RT : PEBBLEDASH RT : STONE Oxford Stone SN : Rock fragment (diameter 4-64mm) larger than gravel USE : OOLITIC LIMESTONE and smaller than cobble, combined with other material e.g. flint, for decorative effect. Painswick Stone USE : OOLITIC LIMESTONE PEBBLEDASH BT : RENDER PAINTED PLASTER RT : PEBBLE UF : Painted Wall Plaster SN : A render with small washed stones added as aggregate. BT : PLASTER Popular in the early 20th century. SN : Plaster which has been painted either for decorative purposes or to protect it. Pencaemaur Stone USE : SANDSTONE Painted Wall Plaster USE : PAINTED PLASTER Penmon Limestone USE : CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE PANEL BOARD BT : MAN MADE MATERIAL PENNANT STONE NT : FIBREBOARD BT : SANDSTONE NT : PLYMETAL SN : Hard, fine grained, blue/grey coloured sandstone. NT : PLYWOOD Quarried in South Wales and the Bristol area and commonly used, throughout the country, as a stone roofing material NT : GRASS (stone slate). NT : HEATHER NT : REED Pennon Marble NT : SEAWEED USE : MARBLE NT : STRAW SN : Any tree, shrub or herb of cellulose form, normally Pennon Marble subsisting in soil and producing its food through USE : CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE photosynthesis.

Penrhyn Slate PLASTER USE : WELSH SLATE BT : RENDER NT : DECORATIVE PLASTER Penrith Red Sandstone NT : PAINTED PLASTER RT : DAUB USE : SANDSTONE RT : LATH RT : LIME Penshaw Sandstone SN : Lime plaster, consisting of lime and sand, is the oldest USE : SANDSTONE type of render. Applied externally to walls or onto laths for infill panels and usually limewashed. Pentelic Marble USE : MARBLE PLASTIC BT : MAN MADE MATERIAL Pentewan Stone NT : BAKELITE USE : ELVAN NT : POLYCARBONATE NT : POLYVINYL CHLORIDE Permian Sandstone RT : RUBBER USE : SANDSTONE SN : Any of large class of polymers based on synthetic resins or modified natural polymers which may be moulded, PETERHEAD GRANITE extruded or cast while soft or liquid, which then set rigidly or UF : Blue Peterhead Granite slightly elastic in form. BT : GRANITE SN : Coarse grained, dark coloured granite, quarried in Plymax the Peterhead and Cairngall areas of Scotland, but used USE : PLYMETAL throughout the North. PLYMETAL Petworth Marble UF : Plymax USE : MARBLE BT : PANEL BOARD RT : METAL Petworth Marble RT : WOOD USE : CRETACEOUS LIMESTONE SN : Structural board comprising a core of thin layers of wood bonded together, which is faced on one or both sides with a Pillaguri Slate sheet of metal, usually galvanised steel or aluminium. Mainly used for external wall cladding. USE : SCHIST Plymouth Limestone PINE USE : DEVONIAN LIMESTONE BT : WOOD SN : Wood of a coniferous tree native to Scotland and Scandinavia. Plymouth Stone USE : DEVONIAN LIMESTONE Pink Granite USE : GRANITE PLYWOOD BT : PANEL BOARD Pink Verona Marble RT : WOOD SN : Thin layers of wood, bonded together to form a structural USE : MARBLE board. The grain of the adjacent layers lie across one another to give structural strength. Produced since mid 19th century Pink Verona Marble for use in interior joinery, since 1930's for exterior use. USE : JURASSIC LIMESTONE POLYCARBONATE PISE BT : PLASTIC UF : Pise De Terre SN : Very tough transparent sheeting often used for security BT : EARTH MIX glazing. SN : Rammed earth or clay of a low moisture content used to make floors or walls, or found between shuttering. POLYPHANT BT : STONE Pise De Terre RT : MARBLE USE : PISE RT : SERPENTINE SN : Compact, grey/green/brown/white-speckled coloured PLANT igneous rock, peculiar to Cornwall. It is easy to carve and BT : VEGETAL readily takes a polish, hence its similarity to British marbles. NT : GORSE POLYVINYL CHLORIDE Purbeck Portland BT : PLASTIC USE : PURBECK STONE SN : A type of thermoplastic polymer which is versatile and cheap, often referred to as PVC. This includes plasticized PURBECK STONE PVC and unplasticized PVC (uPVC). UF : Purbeck Marble UF : Purbeck Portland PORPHYRY UF : Langton Freestone BT : STONE UF : Swanage Stone NT : ELVAN UF : Corfe Stone RT : FOREST STONE (LEICESTERSHIRE) BT : PORTLAND STONE RT : GRANITE RT : MARBLE SN : Traditional term for any fine to medium grained igneous SN : Collective name for the oolitic limestone quarried in rock, containing large crystal fragments. the Isle of Purbeck region, geologically classified into two main groups. Firstly, a fine grained whitish variety, Purbeck PORTLAND CEMENT Portland, secondly a fossil-rich cream/gold to grey variety, BT : CEMENT Swanage Stone etc SN : A form of cement originally named since it was said to be like Portland Stone in appearance. Quarr Stone USE : BEMBRIDGE LIMESTONE Portland Roach USE : PORTLAND STONE QUARTZ BT : MINERAL PORTLAND STONE RT : QUARTZITE UF : Portland Roach SN : Hard, transparent, often coloured mineral. Can be UF : Ridgeway Stone found on its own as crystals and veins but also as a major UF : Roach Stone constituent of rocks such as granite. Often used decoratively. UF : Tisbury Stone UF : Whit Bed QUARTZITE UF : Whitbed UF : Safari Quartzite UF : Chilmark Stone UF : Diamanzite UF : Base Bed BT : STONE UF : Basebed RT : QUARTZ BT : OOLITIC LIMESTONE SN : Medium grained, hard, white/grey coloured stone NT : PURBECK STONE consisting of quartz and often silica, produced by the SN : Fine to coarse grained, cream to green/grey coloured metamorphosis of sandstone. oolitic limestone. Quarried since Roman times, it is one of Britain's best building stones, hence its use throughout the Raddon Stone country. USE : GRANITE

PRESTRESSED CONCRETE Rag BT : CONCRETE USE : RAGSTONE SN : Concrete, containing bars or wires, which is compressed to greatly increase its strength. Rag Slate USE : SLATE Prudham Stone USE : SANDSTONE RAGSTONE UF : Rag PUDDINGSTONE BT : STONE BT : CONGLOMERATE SN : Stonemason's term for any coarse/hard stone that is not NT : HERTFORDSHIRE PUDDINGSTONE easily worked. Index with specific stone type where given. Not RT : BRECCIA to be confused with Kentish Ragstone. SN : Conglomerate consisting of rounded flint pebbles held together in a natural silica and sand cement. Rainhill Stone USE : SANDSTONE Pulborough Stone USE : SUSSEX STONE Rainow Stone USE : SANDSTONE PULHAMITE STONE BT : ARTIFICIAL STONE Rassau Stone SN : A patented manmade rock invented by James Pulham USE : SANDSTONE and Son of Broxbourne. Pulhamite was used to join natural rocks together or crafted to simulate natural stone features. It Red Wilderness Stone is an artificial form of sandstone. USE : SANDSTONE Purbeck Marble REED USE : PURBECK STONE UF : Water Reed Purbeck Marble BT : PLANT RT : THATCH USE : MARBLE SN : The tall, straight stalks or stems formed by plants found in the wetland areas, particularly The Fens. Used as a roofing Roche Abbey Stone material, the reed is laid with the ends forming the exposed USE : MAGNESIAN LIMESTONE covering surface. ROMAN CEMENT REIGATE STONE BT : CEMENT MIX UF : Merstham Stone RT : LIME UF : Gatton Stone RT : SEPTARIA UF : Godstone Stone SN : Technically a quick setting hydraulic cement or lime,but BT : SANDSTONE term has been adapted to denote cement made from burning RT : LIMESTONE lumps of marl found in London clay,a technique adopted SN : Soft, medium grained, green/grey coloured, highly for C19th building work. Name not intended to denote a calcareous, cretaceous sandstone. Mined (more frequently relationship with Roman period than quarried) since pre-Norman times from the Reigate area of Surrey. ROMAN TILE UF : Single Roman Tile REINFORCED CONCRETE BT : TILE BT : CONCRETE SN : Single lap regular shaped roof covering which can RT : STEEL have one or more water channels. Typically made of clay or SN : Aggregate, cement and mortar combined with structural concrete. The name does not denote a relationship with the elements of iron or steel mesh or rod reinforcement to form Roman period. stonelike masses for load bearing, structural building work. Roofing Felt Rembrandt Stone USE : BITUMINOUS FELT USE : SCHIST Rose Brae Stone RENDER USE : SANDSTONE UF : Tyrolean UF : Cement Render Rose Swede Granite BT : MAN MADE MATERIAL USE : GRANITE NT : PEBBLEDASH NT : PLASTER Ross Of Mull Granite NT : ROUGHCAST NT : STUCCO USE : GRANITE SN : A general term for the weatherproof coat on the external walls of a building. ROUGHCAST BT : RENDER RESIDUE SN : A render including an aggregate of gravel or stone UF : Industrial Waste chipping thrown rather than trowelled onto an external wall. BT : MAN MADE MATERIAL NT : CLINKER Ruabon Brick NT : LIME USE : TERRACOTTA NT : SLAG RT : BREEZE BLOCK Ruabon Brick SN : By-product or waste, resulting from an industrial USE : BRICK process. RUBBER Revidge Grit BT : MAN MADE MATERIAL USE : GRITSTONE (SANDSTONE) RT : PLASTIC SN : Flexible, synthetic, polymeric organic material formed by RHYOLITE chemical synthesis usually in imitation of a natural substance. BT : STONE It can be moulded to shape, extruded or formed into a sheet RT : BASALT from solid or foam material. RT : DOLERITE RT : SERPENTINE RUBBLE RT : SYENITE BT : MATERIAL SN : Fine grained, acidic, light-grey/white/ brown/red-coloured RT : STONE igneous rock. SN : Rough, unhewn, undressed building stones with irregular faces, generally not laid in regular courses. Index with type of Ridgeway Stone stone if specified. USE : PORTLAND STONE Rubislaw Granite Ringby Stone USE : ABERDEEN GRANITE USE : SANDSTONE Safari Quartzite Riven Slate USE : QUARTZITE USE : SLATE Salcombe Stone Roach Stone USE : SANDSTONE USE : PORTLAND STONE UF : Forest Of Dean Stone Salterwath UF : Forest Stone (Gloucestershire) USE : CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE UF : Foxs Wood Rubble UF : Green Brae Stone SAND UF : Greensand Stone BT : EARTH MIX UF : Grinshill Stone RT : CEMENT UF : Hailes Stone RT : CONCRETE UF : Hatherleigh Stone RT : GRAVEL UF : Heavitree Stone RT : MORTAR UF : Hollington Stone SN : Granular material consisting of small eroded fragments UF : Kerridge Stone of rock or mineral grains, finer than gravel used as an UF : Keuper Stone ingredient in mortar and other traditional building materials. UF : Ladycross Stone BT : STONE SANDSTONE NT : BARGATE STONE NT : CARSTONE UF : Pencaemaur Stone NT : FIRESTONE UF : Penrith Red Sandstone NT : GRITSTONE (SANDSTONE) UF : Penshaw Sandstone NT : MALMSTONE UF : Permian Sandstone NT : PENNANT STONE UF : Prudham Stone NT : REIGATE STONE UF : Rainhill Stone NT : SARSEN STONE UF : Rainow Stone NT : SUSSEX STONE UF : Rassau Stone NT : YORK STONE UF : Red Wilderness Stone RT : CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE UF : Lane Head Stone RT : IRONSTONE UF : Lazonby Red Sandstone RT : LIAS UF : Locharbriggs Stone RT : SHALE UF : Lower Greensand SN : Geologically sandstone consists of particles of quartz UF : Mansfield Stone naturally cemented together by either silica, calcium or UF : Moulton Stone iron. It is this geological composition that accounts for the UF : Ringby Stone varying colours and grain sizes found in the many building UF : Rose Brae Stone sandstones. UF : Salcombe Stone UF : Soudley Stone Sanfront Stone UF : Spinkwell Stone UF : Springwell Stone USE : SCHIST UF : Spynie Stone UF : St Bees Stone SARSEN STONE UF : St Boniface Stone UF : Greyweathers UF : Stainton Stone UF : Heathstone UF : Swindon Stone BT : SANDSTONE UF : Thorverton Stone RT : MOORSTONE UF : Tixall Stone SN : Extremely hard, fine grained, grey to brown silica rich UF : Waterholes Sandstone sandstone. It is often found on the surface of the South UF : Wellfield Stone Downs and has been used, as found, since prehistoric times. UF : Whitby Stone UF : Windy Hill Stone SCAGLIOLA UF : Woolton Stone UF : Stucco Lustro UF : Yorkshire Delph BT : DECORATIVE PLASTER UF : Blaxter Stone RT : ARTIFICIAL STONE UF : Bramley Fall Stone RT : MARBLE UF : Britannia Stone SN : Composite substance of plaster formed by gypsum, UF : Bunter Stone sand and lime and coloured with pigments, fixed under heat UF : Caerbwdy Stone and highly polished. Used to imitate marble and popular in the UF : Caithness Flagstone 17th and 18th centuries for architectural features. UF : Cardeston Stone UF : Chatwell Stone SCHIST UF : Clashach Stone UF : Pillaguri Slate UF : Auchinlea Stone UF : Otta Slate UF : Corsehill Stone UF : Rembrandt Stone UF : Coxbench Sandstone UF : Sanfront Stone UF : Craigleith Stone UF : Alta Quartzite UF : Culm Measures Stone UF : Altazite UF : Culm Stone UF : Barge Quartzite UF : Cumberland Stone UF : Italian Quartzite UF : Darney Stone BT : STONE UF : Davie Blocks Stone SN : Medium to coarse grained metamorphic rock, colour UF : Delph Stone being determined by its dominant mineral. Often used for floor UF : Derbyshire Stone and wall cladding. UF : Doddington Stone UF : Dunhouse Stone Scotch Granite UF : Dunston Stone USE : GRANITE ability to take a polish, but it is also in demand for underwater construction. Scotch Slate USE : SCOTTISH SLATE SHEET LEAD BT : LEAD Scottish Granite SN : Lead which has been rolled into a sheet and often used USE : GRANITE as a roof covering.

SCOTTISH SLATE SHELL UF : Scotch Slate BT : ANIMAL UF : Ballachulish Slate SN : Hard, protective covering made largely of calcium salts BT : SLATE secreted by soft bodied invertebrate animals. RT : FOREST STONE (LEICESTERSHIRE) SN : Collective term for the Scottish Slates including the SHINGLE Aberdeen/Baniff and Ballachulish/Easdale groups. Fine BT : TIMBER grained, varying in colour from brown to dark grey/blue. BT : TILE Geologically different from Lake District, Welsh and West SN : Wooden roof tile (traditionally oak) which is riven or Country groups of slate. sawn from good quality timber to a regular size and used as a roof and/or wall covering. Index with type of wood if known. SEAWEED BT : PLANT Sicilian Marble SN : Multicellular marine alga, which grows on the seashore, USE : MARBLE in salt marshes, in brackish water or submerged in the ocean. SILTSTONE SEPTARIA BT : STONE BT : CONGLOMERATE RT : SHALE RT : MARLSTONE SN : Fine grained, yellow/buff to grey/black coloured RT : ROMAN CEMENT sedimentary rock. SN : Conglomerate consisting of nodules of calcium rich clay (marl). Used as a building stone from Roman times and as a SILVER key ingredient in Parker's Roman Cement, between 1796 and BT : METAL circa 1850. SN : A precious metal of lustrous white colour with great malleability and ductility. SERPENTINE UF : Serpentinite Single Roman Tile UF : Tinos USE : ROMAN TILE UF : Verde Antico BT : STONE Skiddaw Slate RT : BASALT USE : LAKE DISTRICT SLATE RT : CONNEMARA MARBLE RT : POLYPHANT SKYE MARBLE RT : RHYOLITE RT : SYENITE BT : MARBLE SN : Medium to coarse grained, green to dark red/black SN : One of only three 'true' British marbles, white in colour, coloured igneous rock, mainly found on The Lizard, South predominantly used for sculptures and statues. West Cornwall. Due to its fragmentary structure, Serpentine is mainly used for decorative and ornamental purposes. Skyros Marble USE : MARBLE Serpentinite USE : SERPENTINE SLAG BT : RESIDUE SHALE SN : Waste material or dross separated from metals during UF : Mudstone smelting or refining. BT : STONE RT : CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE SLATE RT : LAKE DISTRICT SLATE UF : Rag Slate RT : LIMESTONE UF : Longford Rustic Slate RT : SANDSTONE UF : Riven Slate RT : SILTSTONE UF : Swithland Slate RT : SLATE BT : STONE RT : WELSH SLATE NT : KILLAS RT : WEST COUNTRY SLATE NT : LAKE DISTRICT SLATE SN : Soft, very fine grained, dark coloured, sedimentary rock NT : SCOTTISH SLATE which splits easily. NT : WELSH SLATE NT : WEST COUNTRY SLATE SHAP GRANITE RT : FOREST STONE (LEICESTERSHIRE) UF : Adamelite RT : SHALE BT : GRANITE SN : Collective term for a hard, fine grained, dark coloured SN : Hard, coarse grained, grey to red/brown coloured metamorphic rock, which splits easily; hence its common use granite. Used predominantly for tombstones becasuse of its as a roofing and flooring material, and a functional description for any rectangular, sheet, roofing material. SLURRY STEEL BT : CEMENT MIX UF : Stainless Steel RT : CEMENT BT : METAL SN : Cement/water mix often used as covering. Use this for NT : GALVANIZED STEEL entries including slurrying and slurried. NT : HIGH TENSILE STEEL NT : WEATHERING STEEL Small Paludina Marble RT : REINFORCED CONCRETE USE : MARBLE SN : An alloy of iron and carbon, its strength makes it suitable for load bearing purposes. It is primarily used in structural Small Paludina Marble steelwork and concrete reinforcement. USE : CRETACEOUS LIMESTONE Steetly Stone SOLAR CONTROL GLASS USE : MAGNESIAN LIMESTONE BT : GLASS SN : Glass to control or reduce the effects of the sun, Stoke Ground Stone includes both reflective and absorpative types of glass. USE : BATH STONE

Soudley Stone STONE USE : SANDSTONE UF : Metamorphic Stone UF : Gaisby Stone SPANISH TILE NT : ALABASTER BT : TILE NT : BASALT SN : Single lap roof covering made of clay. Half cylinder in NT : BRECCIA profile although one end is slightly wider than the other. A NT : CHERT Spanish tile roof covering comprises under-tiles and over- NT : CONGLOMERATE tiles, the two have the same shape, but the under-tile is NT : DIORITE slightly larger. NT : DOLERITE NT : FOREST STONE (LEICESTERSHIRE) Spinkwell Stone NT : FREESTONE NT : GNEISS USE : SANDSTONE NT : GRANITE NT : GREENSTONE Spoutcrag NT : IRONSTONE USE : LAKE DISTRICT SLATE NT : LIMESTONE NT : MARBLE Springwell Stone NT : POLYPHANT USE : SANDSTONE NT : PORPHYRY NT : QUARTZITE Spynie Stone NT : RAGSTONE USE : SANDSTONE NT : RHYOLITE NT : SANDSTONE Staffordshire Blue Brick NT : SCHIST USE : BRICK NT : SERPENTINE NT : SHALE Stainless Steel NT : SILTSTONE NT : SLATE USE : STEEL NT : SYENITE NT : TUFF Stainton Stone NT : WHINSTONE USE : SANDSTONE RT : ARTIFICIAL STONE RT : COBBLE St Aldhelm Stone RT : FOSSIL USE : BATH STONE RT : GRAVEL RT : PEBBLE Stamford Stone RT : RUBBLE USE : LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE SN : Rock of definite form and size, usually artificially shaped. See STONE CLass List for narrow terms. Stancliffe Stone USE : GRITSTONE (SANDSTONE) Stonesfield Slate USE : OOLITIC LIMESTONE Stanway Stone USE : COTSWOLD STONE Stowey Stone USE : LIAS St Bees Stone USE : SANDSTONE STRAW BT : PLANT St Boniface Stone NT : COMBED WHEAT REED USE : SANDSTONE NT : LONG STRAW RT : THATCH SN : Roofing material consisting of stems or stalks of wheat, rye, oats or barley separated from grain and laid flat in TARMACADAM 'yealms' which form an overlapping surface which sheds BT : BITUMEN water. SN : Road or paving material combining crushed stone, rolled and mixed with bitumen type mixer. STUCCO BT : RENDER Taynton Stone SN : Smooth rendering applied to the exterior of buildings USE : OOLITIC LIMESTONE which may be incised to suggest coursed masonry. Made of lime and sand or brick dust, and more recently, cement. Teesdale Marble USE : MARBLE Stucco Lustro USE : SCAGLIOLA TERRACOTTA UF : Ruabon Brick Sussex Marble BT : CERAMIC USE : MARBLE NT : FAIENCE RT : TILE Sussex Marble SN : Hard, unglazed, brown, versatile earthenware which USE : CRETACEOUS LIMESTONE can be used as a tile or moulded into statuary. Used in a structural or semi-structural context as a moulded hollow SUSSEX STONE block. UF : Pulborough Stone UF : Midhurst Stone TERTIARY LIMESTONE UF : Tunbridge Wells Stone UF : Coralline Crag UF : Bognor Rock UF : Istrian Stone UF : Calverley Stone BT : LIMESTONE BT : SANDSTONE NT : BEMBRIDGE LIMESTONE NT : HORSHAM STONE SN : Hard, fossil rich, white to deep red coloured limestone, NT : WEALDEN STONE laid down during the Tertiary period. Used since Roman times RT : CRETACEOUS LIMESTONE because of its good durability and weathering properties. SN : Fine grained, buff, brown to green coloured Cretaceous sandstone. Quarried at various locations in Sussex. Not TESSERA to be confused with Sussex marble which is a cretaceous UF : Mosaic limestone. BT : MATERIAL SN : Squared block of glass, tile, stone or marble used in Swaledale Fossil mosaic. USE : CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE TEXTILE Swanage Stone UF : Fabric USE : PURBECK STONE NT : FELT SN : A woven or bonded fabric or cloth. See TEXTILE Class Swedish Green Granite List for narrow terms. USE : SYENITE THATCH Swindon Stone BT : MATERIAL USE : SANDSTONE RT : GORSE RT : HEATHER Swithland Slate RT : LONG STRAW USE : SLATE RT : REED RT : STRAW Swithland Slate SN : Traditional roof covering consisting of materials such as reed, straw or heather layered and fastened together onto USE : FOREST STONE (LEICESTERSHIRE) roof to form a run off to prevent water penetration.

SYENITE Thermalite UF : Swedish Green Granite USE : BREEZE BLOCK BT : STONE RT : FOREST STONE (LEICESTERSHIRE) Thorverton Stone RT : RHYOLITE RT : SERPENTINE USE : SANDSTONE SN : Hard, coarse grained, green to pink coloured igneous rock. Commonly used as a polished cladding. TILE UF : Cement Tile Tadcaster Stone UF : Clay Tile USE : MAGNESIAN LIMESTONE UF : Concrete Tile BT : MATERIAL TAR NT : DOUBLE ROMAN TILE NT : ENCAUSTIC TILE BT : BITUMEN NT : MATHEMATICAL TILE SN : Thick, viscid liquid, obtained by the distillation of wood, NT : PANTILE coal or other organic substances, chemically a mixture of NT : ROMAN TILE hydrocarbons with resins. NT : SHINGLE NT : SPANISH TILE Trecarne Rustic Slate RT : CERAMIC USE : WEST COUNTRY SLATE RT : CLAY RT : CONCRETE Tredinnick Rustic Slate RT : FAIENCE USE : WEST COUNTRY SLATE RT : TERRACOTTA SN : Tablet of a uniform shape. Used as finishing or covering Trerice Porphry materials which fit together in a regular format. USE : ELVAN TIMBER Trerice Stone UF : Deal BT : MATERIAL USE : ELVAN NT : LATH NT : SHINGLE Tufa NT : WATTLE USE : TUFACEOUS LIMESTONE NT : WEATHERBOARD RT : WOOD TUFACEOUS LIMESTONE SN : Wood, cut and seasoned so forming or capable UF : Travertine of forming any part of a structure. May be treated with UF : Tufa preservative before use. BT : LIMESTONE SN : Very light, depositional limestone formed by the TIN precipitation of calcium carbonate rich water (Tufa). The more BT : METAL dense and compact form, Travertine, is formed in a similar RT : BRONZE way. SN : Malleable metal used for roofing and for alloys such as bronze. TUFF BT : STONE Tinos SN : A light porous cellular rock, consisting of consolidated USE : MARBLE volcanic ash ejected from vents during a volcanic eruption.

Tinos Tunbridge Wells Stone USE : SERPENTINE USE : SUSSEX STONE

Tintagel Stone TURF USE : WEST COUNTRY SLATE BT : VEGETAL RT : EARTH Tisbury Stone SN : Layer of grass with earth and matted roots cut from USE : PORTLAND STONE the ground and used for earth buildings and as a covering material. Tixall Stone Tyrolean USE : SANDSTONE USE : RENDER Todber Stone Uppingham Stone USE : LIMESTONE USE : MARLSTONE Tonbridge Stone VEGETAL USE : KENTISH RAGSTONE NT : PEAT Torquay Limestone NT : PLANT NT : TURF USE : DEVONIAN LIMESTONE NT : WOOD SN : Pertaining to or deriving from a botanical living organism. Torquay Marble See VEGETAL Class List for narrow terms. USE : DEVONIAN LIMESTONE Verde Antico Torquay Marble USE : MARBLE USE : MARBLE Verde Antico Totternhoe Stone USE : SERPENTINE USE : CLUNCH Verde Ematita Travertine USE : GNEISS USE : TUFACEOUS LIMESTONE Verde Fraye Travertine USE : MARBLE USE : MARBLE Verde Fraye Trebarwith Rustic Slate USE : JURASSIC LIMESTONE USE : WEST COUNTRY SLATE USE : LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE Verona Marble USE : MARBLE Wellfield Stone USE : SANDSTONE Verona Marble USE : JURASSIC LIMESTONE WELSH SLATE UF : Penrhyn Slate Virgo Granite UF : Berwyn Slate USE : GRANITE UF : Blue Grey Slate UF : Blue Welsh Slate Vitrified Brick BT : SLATE USE : BRICK RT : SHALE SN : Collective term for the North and South Wales groups of Volcanic Stone slate. Hard, fine grained, metamorphic rock, with varying dark shades. USE : BASALT WEST COUNTRY SLATE Volcanic Trap UF : Mill Hill Slate USE : BASALT UF : Tintagel Stone UF : Trebarwith Rustic Slate Walling Stone UF : Trecarne Rustic Slate USE : JURASSIC LIMESTONE UF : Tredinnick Rustic Slate UF : Bluestone Waterholes Sandstone UF : Cornish Rustic USE : SANDSTONE UF : Cornish Slate UF : Delabole Slate Water Reed UF : Devon Slate USE : REED BT : SLATE RT : SHALE WATTLE SN : Collective term for the slates from Devon and Cornwall. BT : TIMBER Hard, fine grained metamorphic rock. Varying in colour RT : DAUB from dark grey/green to blueish/grey. West Country Slate is SN : Wooden rods or stakes which can be interlaced geologically different from both Lake District and Welsh Slate. with twigs or branches to make walls or fences, or more commonly, to form the basis of panels in traditional timber Westmoorland Green framed buildings which are then covered with daub. USE : LAKE DISTRICT SLATE

Wattscliffe Stone Westmoorland Slate USE : GRITSTONE (SANDSTONE) USE : LAKE DISTRICT SLATE

Watts Cliff Stone Westwood Stone USE : GRITSTONE (SANDSTONE) USE : BATH STONE

WEALDEN STONE Whatstandwell Stone UF : Weald Stone USE : GRITSTONE (SANDSTONE) BT : SUSSEX STONE SN : Fine grained, brown/yellow to dark grey coloured Wheatley Stone cretaceous sandstone. It is a particularly good freestone and USE : OOLITIC LIMESTONE was often used for ashlar finishes. WHINSTONE Weald Stone BT : STONE USE : WEALDEN STONE RT : BASALT RT : DOLERITE Weatherbed SN : Northern quarryman's name for any fine grained, dark USE : LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE grey/black to green coloured igneous rock. Index with specific stone type where given. WEATHERBOARD BT : TIMBER Whitbed RT : WOOD USE : PORTLAND STONE SN : Length of timber boarding (usually elm, now pine) fixed horizontally or vertically to the exterior of a structure which Whit Bed may be 'tongue and grooved' or 'feathered' to provide external USE : PORTLAND STONE protection. Whitby Cement WEATHERING STEEL USE : CEMENT UF : Cor Ten Steel BT : STEEL Whitby Stone SN : An alloy of steel. USE : SANDSTONE

Weldon Stone WICHERT BT : COB SN : Cob type construction typical to Buckinghamshire using YORK STONE a local clay with a high chalk content to produce walls of UF : Woodkirk Stone notable inherent stability. UF : Yorkshire Flagstone UF : Yorkshire Stone Windy Hill Stone UF : Bolton Wood Stone USE : SANDSTONE UF : Crosland Hill Stone UF : Elland Edge Flagrock Winsley Ground UF : Elland Edge Stone USE : BATH STONE UF : Greenmoor Stone UF : Hard Rock WOOD UF : Hard York BT : VEGETAL UF : Hard York Freestone NT : BAMBOO BT : SANDSTONE NT : CEDAR SN : Generic name for the fine grained, brown coloured NT : CORK carboniferous sandstone, quarried in the Leeds, Bradford and NT : ELM Halifax area. NT : OAK NT : PINE ZINC RT : FIBREBOARD BT : METAL RT : PAPER SN : A hard and lustrous metallic element, used for roofing, RT : PLYMETAL galvanising iron and a component of alloys such as brass. RT : PLYWOOD RT : TIMBER RT : WEATHERBOARD RT : WOODWOOL SLAB SN : Hard, compact, unprocessed, fibrous cellulose substance. The roots, trunks and branches of trees and shrubs consist of this tissue.

Woodkirk Stone USE : YORK STONE

WOODWOOL SLAB BT : PANEL BOARD RT : CEMENT RT : WOOD SN : A sheet or board made from a mixture of thin strips of wood and cement which are bound together through compression within a mould. Woodwool slabs are used for roof or wall cladding, providing fire resistance, and heat and sound insulation.

Woolton Stone USE : SANDSTONE

WROUGHT IRON BT : IRON SN : The oldest form of iron, it is a tough, pure form of iron that can be fashioned into decorative items or shapes by hammering, squeezing or rolling.

Yeovil Marble USE : MARBLE

Yeovil Marble USE : JURASSIC LIMESTONE

Yorkshire Delph USE : SANDSTONE

Yorkshire Flagstone USE : YORK STONE

Yorkshire Freestone USE : FREESTONE

Yorkshire Stone USE : YORK STONE