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Henri Joseph Sauvaire Photographs from the Duc De Luynes's Second Expedition to the Holy Land, 1866

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Henri Joseph Sauvaire Photographs from the Duc De Luynes's Second Expedition to the Holy Land, 1866 http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/c8wd46n7 No online items Finding aid for the Henri Joseph Sauvaire photographs from the duc de Luynes's second expedition to the Holy Land, 1866 Beth Ann Guynn Finding aid for the Henri Joseph 2019.R.32 1 Sauvaire photographs from the duc de Luynes's second expe... Descriptive Summary Title: Henri Joseph Sauvaire photographs from the duc de Luynes's second expedition to the Holy Land Date (inclusive): 1866 Number: 2019.R.32 Creator/Collector: Sauvaire, Henri Joseph, 1831- Physical Description: 3.75 Linear Feet(73 photographs in 3 boxes) Repository: The Getty Research Institute Special Collections 1200 Getty Center Drive, Suite 1100 Los Angeles 90049-1688 [email protected] URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10020/askref (310) 440-7390 Abstract: The collection comprises a complete set of albumen prints corresponding to the 73 exposures on paper negatives taken by Henri Joseph Sauvaire between April 7 and May 14, 1866 during the second expedition to the Holy Land sponsored by the duc de Luynes. Request Materials: Request access to the physical materials described in this inventory through the catalog record for this collection. Click here for the access policy . Language: Collection material is in French. Biographical / Historical Henri Joseph Sauvaire was a French diplomat, numismatist, Orientalist and amateur photographer. He was born in Marseilles on March 15, 1831, and was raised by his merchant uncle and guardian, Maurius Sauvaire, whose extensive dealings in Beirut and the Middle East exposed him to the Arabic world at an early age. After receiving his baccalauréat in 1848, Sauvaire studied Arabic at the Lycée Thiers in Marseilles. He began his career in the French consular service as a chancellery clerk in Alexandria in 1857. In 1865, he was named first dragoman in Alexandria, and was also made a Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur. Sauvaire lived in the Middle East from 1857 to 1883, holding posts in Beirut, Jerusalem, Syria, and Egypt. His last appointment was in Casablanca, Morocco, where, in 1876, he was promoted to the position of Consul. Sauvaire took up photography as a hobby in the late 1850s and joined the Société de Photographie in Marseilles in 1860 as a corresponding member. He circulated among the amateur "Orientalist" photographers practicing in the Middle East and France. In the early 1860s he made several photographs of the Orientalist painter, Camille Rogier, including portraits of him alone, with his family, in tableaux vivants staged in the artist's Beirut studio, and present in scenes shot in and around Beirut and Lebanon. Examples of these images can be found in the Musée d'Orsay. Sauvaire was also well-known for his architectural and archaeological views of the Middle East, which he exhibited and published in France. Sauvaire acted as the photographer for the duc de Luynes's second expedition to the Holy Land. Luynes's desire to record all aspects of the Dead Sea basin – biological, climatological, historical, archaeological – had already resulted in his sponsorship of an expedition in 1864 to that region which included himself, naturalist, Louis Lartet, physician, Gustave Combe, and photographer, Louis Vignes. In 1866, Luynes's continued interest in the largely-unexplored biblical and later Christian sites of the area led him to send the architect, Charles Mauss, who was then directing the restoration of the Crusader church of Saint Anne and the cupola of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem, and Sauvaire on a second expedition, this time to Transjordan to explore and record the Crusader castles once part of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem, especially Kerak Castle at Al-Karak and Montréal in Shoubak. Eschewing the fragility and weight of collodion or albumen glass plate negatives, and well aware of the problems that environmental conditions could cause when using them, Sauvaire chose instead to photograph using paper negatives. This proved to be a fortuitous decision, not the least since on April 13, less than a week into the journey, the two mules carrying Sauvaire's luggage and photographic equipment collapsed in the middle of a river. In the course of the five-week expedition Sauvaire made 73 negatives, on some days managing to make eight ten- to –fifteen-minute exposures after first preparing the negative paper and then carrying his heavy equipment up a hill before setting up his camera and preparing for each shot. Sauvaire also carried out epigraphic surveys, translating the inscriptions he found, and helped Mauss with his surveys. Finding aid for the Henri Joseph 2019.R.32 2 Sauvaire photographs from the duc de Luynes's second expe... Luynes was well-pleased with the work accomplished by the team. In a letter to Sauvaire dated 7 June 1866, presumably after Luynes had received the materials Sauvaire produced during the expedition, he wrote to the diplomat, "Your talents as epigraphist and photographer have been instrumental in conferring great value on the exploration undertaken, by virtue of the authentic evidence with which you have provided it" (excerpted in Foliot, "Louis Vignes and Henry Sauvaire…"). Sauvaire and Mauss published their combined travel accounts as "De Karak à Chaubak: extrait du journal de voyage de MM. Mauss et Sauvaire," in the Bulletin de la Société de géographie (vol. 14, July-December 1867). Their accounts also appeared in the second volume of the duc de Luynes's three-volume publication Voyage d'exploration à la mer Morte, à Petra, et sur la rive gauche de Jourdain (1874) as "Voyage de Jerusalem à Karak et à Chaubak." Fourteen of Sauvaire's photographs were reproduced as lithographs by Eugène Cicéri for the accompanying Atlas (eight of the 12 prints depicting Kerak Castle are erroneously attributed to Vignes). Over the course of his life in the Middle East Sauvaire assembled a large collection of Arabic manuscripts and coins. Many of his scholarly publications, such as Histoire de Jérusalem et d'Hébron depuis Abraham jusqu'à à la fin du XVe siecle de J.-C.: fragments de la chronique de Moudjir-ed-din traduits sur le texte arabe (1876), were translations and commentaries on Arabic manuscripts. He also wrote extensively on Muslim numismatics and metrology. Between 1875 and 1882, he published a series of articles in Journal asiatique titled "Matériaux pour servir à l'histoire de la numismatique et de la mé́trologie musulmanes, traduits, ou recueillis et mis en ordre" in which he assembled and organized a large and scattered body of historical sources. The "Matériaux" has since served as a standard reference for the study of Islamic numesmatics and meterology. Regarding the "Matériaux," Gustave Schlumbereger noted in his eulogy of Sauvaire published in the Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres (1896), "Thanks to his tireless research, we now have a complete and reasoned inventory of all weights, of all the measures in use in Muslim countries throughout the Middle Ages and until modern times. His work is an inexhaustible mine of information for the lexicography, the language of law and the history of Arab civilization." In 1883, Sauvaire retired at Robernier, France, near Marseilles, where he continued to take photographs and publish articles on Arabic subjects such as his "Description de Damas," an abridgment of the Tanbīh al-țālib of al-Nu'aimī, published in Journal asiatique (1894-1896). In 1889, the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres bestowed the title of Correspondent upon him. Sauvaire passed away at his home on April 4, 1896. Sources consulted: -"Obituary Notice: Henri Sauvaire," Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland for 1896 . London: Published by the Society: p. 617-619. Blau, Daniel, Henri Sauvaire (1831-1896): Voyage d'exploration à Hebron, Karak, Djafar, El-Heca, Chaubak, Dausak, Twahné et Zatt-Rass . Munich: Daniel Blau, 2015. https://issuu.com/danielblau5/docs/buch_sauvaire_90dpi. Foliot, Philippe, "Louis Vignes and Henry Sauvaire, Photographers on the Expeditions of the Duc de Luynes," History of Photography, vol. 14, no. 3: p. 233-250. -"Vignes, Sauvaire, Placet, Nègre and the Duc de Luynes." Art of the Photogravure . https://photogravure.com/highlights/vinges-sauvaire-placet-negre-and-the-duke Font-Réaulx, Dominique de, "Sauvaire, Henri (1831-1896)," in John Hannavy (ed.), Encyclopedia of Nineteenth-century Photography. New York: Routledge, 2008: vol. 2, p. 1244. Schlumberger, Gustave, "Éloge funèbre de M. Henri-Joseph Sauvaire, correspondant de l'Académie," in: Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres , 40ͤ année, N. 2, 1896: p.151-153. https://www.persee.fr/doc/crai_0065-0536_1896_num_40_2_707 Access Restricted. Contact the repository for information regarding access. Publication Rights Contact Library Reproductions and Permissions . Preferred Citation Henri Joseph Sauvaire photographs from the duc de Luynes's second expedition to the Holy Land, 1866, The Getty Research Institute, Los Angeles, Accession no. 2019.R.32. http://hdl.handle.net/10020/cifa2019r32 Immediate Source of Acquisition Acquired in 2019. Processing Information The collection was processed by Beth Ann Guynn in 2020. She also wrote the finding aid. Finding aid for the Henri Joseph 2019.R.32 3 Sauvaire photographs from the duc de Luynes's second expe... Digitized Material The collection was digitized in 2020 and the images are available online: Related Archival Materials The repository holds the original paper negatives made by Henri-Joseph Sauvaire on the expedition, along with his original handwritten inventory of the negatives. These items can be found in Materials relating to the duc de Luynes's expedition to the Dead Sea region, accession no. 2019.M.20. Scope and Content of Collection The collection comprises a complete set of albumen prints corresponding to the 73 exposures on paper negatives taken by Henri Joseph Sauvaire between April 7 and May, 14, 1866, during the second expedition to the Holy Land sponsored by Honoré d'Albert, duc de Luynes, in this case specifically to explore the Crusader castles and ancient sites of southern Jordan.
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