Algeria in Perspective [PDF]
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The Patriot. People of Great Britain
T H E P A T R I O T. PL E F G R E A T B RIT A IN PEO O , ON T H E T ST AT E OF AFFAIR PRESEN S. ND C U T R! ME FRIE NDS A O N N , ! OU R attention has of lat e been called off ’ from the peaceful engagements of d omefti c \ i n ’ d ifc ufli ons on fub e éts of duftry , to the great j go le iflati on T hefe fub ve rnm e nt and g . j e €ts which i n t e re fls of i involve the mill ons , have been treated hilofo he rs of ff of by p p di erent ages , as matters high f e c ula ti on whi c h w t he p , are to be approached ith all of ifd om i he fe caution w and experience . With n t t wo w has difc ove re d t years , ho ever, it been , tha this w as ami fiake fc i e nc e of v , and that the go ernment , of m c on fii tu ti ons all and the art aking , are level to c i s . we nf me t the e o apacit e Nay , are i or d , hat p A ple ' pi e of this country have been under miflake s {till f . d an d more unaccountable Our athers believe , w e d b oafte d w e w fre imagine and , that ere e and w e d w (li lti n happy , that enjoye privileges hich ui fhe d of r g B ritons among the nations Eu ope , ’ w e oiTeflEd c on i ti t u t i on w i that p a hich , combin ng the benefits of the various fimple forms of g o ve rn m e n t u of , avoided the pec liar inconveniences ’ a ri i t oc rat i c al d the monarchical , the , and the emo c ra t i c al . -
Corel Ventura
Anthropology / Middle East / World Music Goodman BERBER “Sure to interest a number of different audiences, BERBER from language and music scholars to specialists on North Africa. [A] superb book, clearly written, CULTURE analytically incisive, about very important issues that have not been described elsewhere.” ON THE —John Bowen, Washington University CULTURE WORLD STAGE In this nuanced study of the performance of cultural identity, Jane E. Goodman travels from contemporary Kabyle Berber communities in Algeria and France to the colonial archives, identifying the products, performances, and media through which Berber identity has developed. ON In the 1990s, with a major Islamist insurgency underway in Algeria, Berber cultural associations created performance forms that challenged THE Islamist premises while critiquing their own village practices. Goodman describes the phenomenon of new Kabyle song, a form of world music that transformed village songs for global audiences. WORLD She follows new songs as they move from their producers to the copyright agency to the Parisian stage, highlighting the networks of circulation and exchange through which Berbers have achieved From Village global visibility. to Video STAGE JANE E. GOODMAN is Associate Professor of Communication and Culture at Indiana University. While training to become a cultural anthropologist, she performed with the women’s world music group Libana. Cover photographs: Yamina Djouadou, Algeria, 1993, by Jane E. Goodman. Textile photograph by Michael Cavanagh. The textile is from a Berber women’s fuda, or outer-skirt. Jane E. Goodman http://iupress.indiana.edu 1-800-842-6796 INDIANA Berber Culture on the World Stage JANE E. GOODMAN Berber Culture on the World Stage From Village to Video indiana university press Bloomington and Indianapolis This book is a publication of Indiana University Press 601 North Morton Street Bloomington, IN 47404-3797 USA http://iupress.indiana.edu Telephone orders 800-842-6796 Fax orders 812-855-7931 Orders by e-mail [email protected] © 2005 by Jane E. -
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https://theses.gla.ac.uk/ Theses Digitisation: https://www.gla.ac.uk/myglasgow/research/enlighten/theses/digitisation/ This is a digitised version of the original print thesis. Copyright and moral rights for this work are retained by the author A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge This work cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Enlighten: Theses https://theses.gla.ac.uk/ [email protected] I THE RELATION OF FRENCH AND ENGLISH AS FOREIGN LANGUAGES IN ALGERIA MOURAD ALLAOUA Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of English Language University of Glasgow May 1990 ProQuest Number: 11007336 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 11007336 Published by ProQuest LLC(2018). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. -
List of Rivers of Algeria
Sl. No Name Draining Into 1 Akoum River Mediterranean Sea 2 Amassine River Mediterranean Sea 3 Asouf Mellene Sebkha Mekerrhane (Sahara) 4 Bou Sellam River Mediterranean Sea 5 Boudouaou River Mediterranean Sea 6 Chelif River Mediterranean Sea 7 Cherf River Mediterranean Sea 8 Deurdeur River Mediterranean Sea 9 Djediouia River Mediterranean Sea 10 Draa River Atlantic Ocean 11 Ebda River Mediterranean Sea 12 Enndja River Mediterranean Sea 13 Fir on fire Mediterranean Sea 14 Fodda River Mediterranean Sea 15 Ghiou River (Riou River) Mediterranean Sea 16 Guebli River Mediterranean Sea 17 Hammam River (Habra River) (Macta River) Mediterranean Sea 18 Harrach River Mediterranean Sea 19 Isser River Mediterranean Sea 20 Isser River Mediterranean Sea 21 Kebîr River (El Taref) Mediterranean Sea 22 Kebîr River (Jijel) Mediterranean Sea 23 Kebir River (Skikda) Mediterranean Sea 24 Ksob River (Chabro) Mediterranean Sea 25 Malah River Mediterranean Sea 26 Massine River Mediterranean Sea 27 Mazafran River Mediterranean Sea 28 Mebtouh River Mediterranean Sea 29 Medjerda River Mediterranean Sea 30 Mellègue River Mediterranean Sea 31 Meskiana River Mediterranean Sea 32 Mina River Mediterranean Sea 33 Nahr Ouassel River Mediterranean Sea 34 Oued Béchar Sebkhet el Melah (Sahara) 35 Oued Djedi Chott Melrhir (Sahara) 36 Oued el Arab Chott Melrhir (Sahara) 37 Oued el Kherouf Chott Melrhir (Sahara) 38 Oued el Korima Chott Ech Chergui (Sahara) 39 Oued el Mitta Chott Melrhir (Sahara) 40 Oued Guir Sebkhet el Melah (Sahara) 41 Oued Igharghar Aharrar (Sahara) 42 Oued -
The Complexity of Sociolinguistic Situation in Algeria: Case Study of Superior School of Applied Sciences- Tlemcen
Proceedings of SOCIOINT 2019- 6th International Conference on Education, Social Sciences and Humanities 24-26 June 2019- Istanbul, Turkey THE COMPLEXITY OF SOCIOLINGUISTIC SITUATION IN ALGERIA: CASE STUDY OF SUPERIOR SCHOOL OF APPLIED SCIENCES- TLEMCEN Nouzha Yasmina Soulimane-Benhabib Dr, Superior School of Applied Sciences, Tlemcen-Algeria, [email protected] Abstract The aim of this paper is to examine the sociolinguistic situation in Algeria. It is known that Algeria is multilingual with different dialects spoken throughout the country. The mother tongue is Arabic (dialectal), the first foreign language is French and the second foreign language is English. Therefore, from the primary school to the baccalaureate, young Algerians study all the modules in Arabic, after getting their baccalaureate exam, and entering the superior school, they study all the modules in French in addition to English which is taught as a compulsory course starting from the first year middle school. Therefore, the sociolinguistic situation in Algeria is considered as very rich and complex. This investigation takes place in the superior school of applied sciences-Tlemcen, where two groups of forty students participated in this research work. Two steps are followed in this research work, the first step is to collect data under questionnaires and interviews are added to this research work in order to reinforce our research and get fruitful results from the students. The second step is to analyse these data taking into consideration the linguistic background of the students from the primary school to superior school of Applied Sciences. The results obtained demonstrate that the complexity is reflected in historical causes as for the learning of French as a second language which is due to the long period of French colonialism which lasted 132 years. -
« Ecosystems, Biodiversity and Eco-Development »
University of Sciences & Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers- Algeria Faculty of Biological Sciences Laboratory of Dynamic & Biodiversity « Ecosystems, Biodiversity and Eco-development » 03-05 NOVEMBER, 2017 - TAMANRASSET - ALGERIA Publisher : Publications Direction. Chlef University (Algeria) ii COPYRIGHT NOTICE Copyright © 2020 by the Laboratory of Dynamic & Biodiversity (USTHB, Algiers, Algeria). Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than Laboratory of Dynamic & Biodiversity must be honored. Patrons University of Sciences and Technologies Faculty of Biological Sciences Houari Boumedienne of Algiers, Algeria Sponsors Supporting Publisher Edition Hassiba Benbouali University of Chlef (Algeria) “Revue Nature et Technologie” NATEC iii COMMITTEES Organizing committee: ❖ President: Pr. Abdeslem ARAB (Houari Boumedienne University of Sciences and Tehnology USTHB, Algiers ❖ Honorary president: Pr. Mohamed SAIDI (Rector of USTHB) Advisors: ❖ Badis BAKOUCHE (USTHB, Algiers- Algeria) ❖ Amine CHAFAI (USTHB, Algiers- Algeria) ❖ Amina BELAIFA BOUAMRA (USTHB, Algiers- Algeria) ❖ Ilham Yasmine ARAB (USTHB, Algiers- Algeria) ❖ Ahlem RAYANE (USTHB, Algiers- Algeria) ❖ Ghiles SMAOUNE (USTHB, Algiers- Algeria) ❖ Hanane BOUMERDASSI (USTHB, Algiers- Algeria) Scientific advisory committee ❖ Pr. ABI AYAD S.M.A. (Univ. Oran- Algeria) ❖ Pr. ABI SAID M. (Univ. Beirut- Lebanon) ❖ Pr. ADIB S. (Univ. Lattakia- Syria) ❖ Pr. CHAKALI G. (ENSSA, Algiers- Algeria) ❖ Pr. CHOUIKHI A. (INOC, Izmir- Turkey) ❖ Pr. HACENE H. (USTHB, Algiers- Algeria) ❖ Pr. HEDAYATI S.A. (Univ. Gorgan- Iran) ❖ Pr. KARA M.H. (Univ. Annaba- Algeria) ❖ Pr. -
The Eastern Mail (Vol. 01, No. 14): October 28, 1847
Colby College Digital Commons @ Colby The Eastern Mail (Waterville, Maine) Waterville Materials 10-28-1847 The Eastern Mail (Vol. 01, No. 14): October 28, 1847 Ephraim Maxham Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.colby.edu/eastern_mail Part of the Agriculture Commons, American Popular Culture Commons, Journalism Studies Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Maxham, Ephraim, "The Eastern Mail (Vol. 01, No. 14): October 28, 1847" (1847). The Eastern Mail (Waterville, Maine). 14. https://digitalcommons.colby.edu/eastern_mail/14 This Newspaper is brought to you for free and open access by the Waterville Materials at Digital Commons @ Colby. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Eastern Mail (Waterville, Maine) by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Colby. PUBLISHED UVkllY ThUhSDAY MORNING, IN ‘ As the raflers on this house are jined tor instantly with a-resolute air, and gave mo an few words in Arabic fro'ra oho of o.ur party, and coffee. Altor a few minutes spent in the pciagi), and with whoso researches and exploits - #ingat^^ gether, so I jine you-^you are man and wiirife, excellent shot, which I took vviili the second which I could not understand, made known our orange- gipvc, in front of the area, wo took in the seas and islands in that quarter, the pub- MAIN STBEET,.(Opposite.Dow & Co/» Store.) —kiss your bride. I don’t 'charge anything barrel'. lie sprang forward with a growl ; w'ishes, ivhcn the slave led us through the house leave of, Seliemuii ben Yussufi who accompa jic.fire somewhat acquainted, through the psib- for the operation. -
House of Representatives, Executive Nomination Received by the Dora L
1946 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUS~ 903 - That completes "the· Executive Calen- .John' A. Twaddle · Edwin C. Welsh imperial soul shall breast the tides· of da~ · Wallace R. Van Den Clifford A. Wiethotf . · Bosch change and live on with freedom .as its RECESS immortal pursuit and life's richest at To be lieutenant Mr. CHAVEZ. I move that the. Senate tainment. In our Rede.emer's name. Frank L; Lawlor Amen. take a recess until 12 o'clock noon to To be assistcr,nt paymaster, with the rank of morrow. · ensign The Journal of the proceedings of The motion was agreed to; and (at 4 Ralph G. Leedy . yesterday was read and approved. o'clock and 34 minutes p.m.) the Senate • IN THE MARINE CORPS RESIGNATION FROM COMMITTEE took a recess until 'tomorrow, Wednes T" be Pa.ymaster General of the Marine Corps ' The SPEAKER laid before the House day, February 6, 1946, at 12 o'clock for a period ot 4 years from February 1, the following resignation from com- meridian. 1946 Raymond R. Wright mittee: · JANUARY 28, 1946. NOMINATION POSTMASTERS Hon. SAM RAYBURN, GEORGIA Spealcer of the House of Representatives, Executive nomination received by the Dora L. Raulerson, Hortense. Washington, D. C. Senate February· 5 (legislative day of DEAR MR. SPEAKER: I hereby tender my January 18), 1946: INDIANA resignation as a. member of the Committee John Leonard, Birdseye. WAR AssETS ADMINISTRATOR on Elections No. 3 of the House of Repre James Perona, Blanford. sentatives. Lt Gen. Edmund B. Gregory to be War. Dorothy Fohl, Cedar Grove. Respectfully, Assets Administrator, effective upon retire William 0. -
British DX Club
British DX Club Africa on Mediumwave and Shortwave Guide to radio stations in Africa broadcasting on mediumwave and shortwave September 2021 featuring schedules for the A21 season Africa on Mediumwave and Shortwave This guide covers mediumwave and shortwave broadcasting in Africa, as well as target broadcasts to Africa. Contents 2-36 Country-order guide to mediumwave and shortwave stations in Africa 37-40 Selected target broadcasts to Africa 41-46 Frequency-order guide to African radio stations on mediumwave Descriptions used in this guide have been taken from radio station websites and Wikipedia. This guide was last revised on 14 September 2021 The very latest edition can always be found at www.dxguides.info Compiled and edited by Tony Rogers Please send updates to: [email protected] or [email protected]. Thank you! Algeria Enterprise Nationale de Radiodiffusion Sonore The Entreprise Nationale de Radiodiffusion Sonore (ENRS, the National Sound Broadcasting Company, Algerian Radio, or Radio Algérienne) is Algeria's state-owned public radio broadcasting organisation. Formed in 1986 when the previous Algerian Radio and Television company (established in 1962) was split into four enterprises, it produces three national radio channels: Chaîne 1 in Arabic, Chaîne 2 in Berber and Chaîne 3 in French. There are also two thematic channels (Radio Culture and Radio Coran), one international station (Radio Algérie Internationale broadcasting on shortwave) and many local stations. The official languages of Algeria are Arabic and Tamazight (Berber), as specified in its constitution since 1963 for the former and since 2016 for the latter. Berber has been recognised as a "national language" by constitutional amendment since 8 May 2002. -
Families Indo-European Is Just One of Many Large Language Families in The
Contemporary Linguistics: An Introduction, 5th edition, Chapter 8: Families, 1 Families Indo-European is just one of many large language families in the world today. A brief survey of some other language families will help illustrate the extraordinary diversity of human language. [Add Anchors for the following families] [Uralic] [Austroasiatic] [Indo-Pacific] [Nilo-Saharan] [Altaic] [Tai-Kadai] [Australian] [Khoisan] [Caucasian] [Sino-Tibetan] [Afroasiatic] [The Americas] [Dravidian] [Austronesian] [Niger-Congo] Uralic The Uralic family (see Table 1) contains about twenty languages and has approximately 22 million speakers. Uralic languages are spoken in a band across the northern part of Europe, all the way from northern Norway to Siberia. Uralic has two major branches: Samoyed and Finno-Ugric. The Samoyed branch contains a handful of languages spoken in northern Russia, particularly in areas around the Ural Mountains, and also in Siberia. The most widely spoken Finno-Ugric language is Hungarian. Other Finno-Ugric languages are Finnish, Lapp (also known as Lappish or Saame, spoken in northern Scandinavia and northwestern Russia), Estonian (Estonia), Livonian (Latvia), Karelian (eastern Finland and northwestern Russia), Erzya, and Cheremis (both spoken in the former USSR). Uralic languages are primarily agglutinating and most have postpositions with SOV or SVO word order. The nouns often have many cases (Finnish has Contemporary Linguistics: An Introduction, 5th edition, Chapter 8: Families, 2 fifteen), which appear to have developed historically from postpositions that became attached to nouns as suffixes. [back to top] Altaic Languages belonging to the Altaic family are spoken in a continuum from Turkey to Siberia, and China. The membership of the Altaic family (see Table 2) includes three main branches—Turkic, Mongolian, and Tungusic. -
The Algerian War of Independence: Global and Local Histories, 1954-62, and Beyond
____________________________________________________________________ Talks & Participants Conference The Algerian War of Independence: Global and Local Histories, 1954-62, and Beyond 10-12 May 2017 Middle East Centre, St Antony’s College & Trinity College, University of Oxford Convenors: Andrea Brazzoduro (Trinity College, Oxford) James McDougall (Trinity College, Oxford Natalya Vince (Portsmouth & Algiers 2) OxfordAlgeriaConference2017.wordpress.com ____________________________________________________________________ Introduction ————————————–———--——————————————————–- This conference will mark a major shift in the historiography of the Algerian War of Independence (1954–62). Accounts of this war have largely remained confined within, and constrained by, the boundaries of the French and Algerian nation- states and the conflicting narratives of each. Recent work by Anglophone (especially American) scholars has broadened the field by offering international histories of the war, but such work has moved even further away from engaging with the realities of the conflict as it actually unfolded “on the ground” within Al- geria and within the Algerian emigrant community in France. A fuller understand- ing of the war requires a marriage of both global and local scales of analysis, pay- ing attention simultaneously to the global connections and significance of the Al- gerian revolution and France’s Cold War counter-insurgency, on the one hand, and to the complex, often very divisive, local experience of the war for Algerian men, women, and children, on the other. Inseparable from such rewriting is critical at- tention to the construction and voicing of individual, familial, and local memories and memorialisations (and the concomitant forgetting, or silences) of the war, and its key role in social memory in Algeria and France since 1962. [ALN troops on the Tunisian border (M. -
University of Oran Faculty of Letters, Languages and Arts Department of Anglo-Saxon Languages Section of English
Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research University of Oran Faculty of Letters, Languages and Arts Department of Anglo-Saxon languages Section of English Magister Dissertation in Sociolinguistics Figure 1gtt Submitted by: Supervised by: Lamia Ali Chaouche Abdeljlil Elimam Jury Members: President of the Jury : Benmoussat Smail Supervisor : Elimam Abdeljlil Examiner 01 : Bouhadiba Farouk Examiner 02 : Benali Mohamed Rachid 2005/2006 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of contents I Dedication III Acknowledgements IV Abstract V List of abbreviations VI General Introduction 1 CHAPTER ONE The Sociolinguistic Situation in Algeria 4 1.1 Introduction 4 1.2 Algeria before the 19 th Century 4 1.2.1 The Tamazight Language 5 1.3 The Sociolinguistic Situation of Algeria after the 19 th Century 6 1.3.1 Diglossia in Algeria 6 1.3.2 Bilingualism 11 1.3.2.1 Arabic(AA)-French Bilingualism 12 1.3.3 Code switching/Code mixing 12 1.3.3.1 Arabic(AA)-French Code switching 14 1.3.4 Borrowing 16 1.3.4.1 Borrowing in Algeria 17 1.4 The Arabization Policy 18 1.5 Conclusion 20 CHAPTER TWO The Sociolinguistic Situation of French in Algeria 23 2.1 Introduction 23 2.2 The Origins of French in Algeria, a historical background 23 2.3 Education before the French Colonization 24 2.4 The French Linguistic Policy 24 2.5 The French Language Uses 28 2.5.1 French in School 28 I 2.5.1.1 The Foreign Languages in School; the New Reforms 30 2.5.2 French in Mass Media 33 2.5.3 French in the Administration 34 2.5.4 French and Social Contexts