Treating Religious Trauma and Spiritual Harm with Combined Therapy
group, Vol. 37, No. 4, Winter 2013 Thou Shalt Not: Treating Religious Trauma and Spiritual Harm With Combined Therapy Alyson M. Stone1,2 That religion can be a source of harm and trauma is something most clinicians know well, yet this fact is underreported in the literature. Indeed, most of the existing research indicates a positive link between religion and mental health. There is likewise little information on spirituality’s impact on mental health when it is used to bypass prob- lems, feelings, and needs. This article addresses this deficit by exploring the potentially harmful effects of religion and spirituality. It highlights the role of secure attachment and the combination of individual and group therapy to treat religious trauma and spiritual struggles. KEYWORDS: Religion; religious trauma; spirituality; spiritual bypassing. The psychological impact of religion has long been ignored by academic psychol- ogy (Belzen, 2000; Paloutzian & Park, 2005). Change is afoot, however, and the last several decades have seen a surge of research in this area, which generally shows a positive relationship between religion and mental health (Seybold & Hill, 2001). By contrast, there are relatively few references to religion’s negative impact and virtually no references to religious trauma. In fact, a search for articles on “religious trauma” yields studies on the use of religion to recover from trauma rather than religion as a source of trauma. Popular literature, conversely, contains many books on spiritual and religious abuse and manipulation, religious addiction, and toxic faith (Plante, 2004; Purcell, 2008; Winell, 1993; Wright, 2001). This disparity suggests that the professional literature does not yet accurately reflect the potentially harmful im- pact of religion and spirituality or the abundance of concerns people have in these 1 The author would like to thank Ronnie Levine, Jeff Hudson, and Stacy Nakell for their generous feedback and support.
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