Technical Application Notes on Cell Culture and Fermentation 2
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(MBR) Technology for Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: Membrane Fouling
membranes Review Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) Technology for Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: Membrane Fouling Oliver Terna Iorhemen *, Rania Ahmed Hamza and Joo Hwa Tay Department of Civil Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; [email protected] (R.A.H.); [email protected] (J.H.T.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-403-714-7451 Academic Editor: Marco Stoller Received: 14 April 2016; Accepted: 12 June 2016; Published: 15 June 2016 Abstract: The membrane bioreactor (MBR) has emerged as an efficient compact technology for municipal and industrial wastewater treatment. The major drawback impeding wider application of MBRs is membrane fouling, which significantly reduces membrane performance and lifespan, resulting in a significant increase in maintenance and operating costs. Finding sustainable membrane fouling mitigation strategies in MBRs has been one of the main concerns over the last two decades. This paper provides an overview of membrane fouling and studies conducted to identify mitigating strategies for fouling in MBRs. Classes of foulants, including biofoulants, organic foulants and inorganic foulants, as well as factors influencing membrane fouling are outlined. Recent research attempts on fouling control, including addition of coagulants and adsorbents, combination of aerobic granulation with MBRs, introduction of granular materials with air scouring in the MBR tank, and quorum quenching are presented. The addition of coagulants and adsorbents shows a significant membrane fouling reduction, but further research is needed to establish optimum dosages of the various coagulants/adsorbents. Similarly, the integration of aerobic granulation with MBRs, which targets biofoulants and organic foulants, shows outstanding filtration performance and a significant reduction in fouling rate, as well as excellent nutrients removal. -
Biopharma PAT Quality Attributes, Critical Process Parameters & Key
Biopharma PAT Quality Attributes, Critical Process Parameters & Key Performance Indicators at the Bioreactor May 2018 White Paper: Biopharma PAT Quality Attributes, Critical Process Parameters & Key Performance Indicators at the Bioreactor Table of Contents PAT Building Blocks .................................................................................................... 3 PAT for Biopharma ...................................................................................................... 5 Culture & Fermentation Process Types ....................................................................... 6 Monitoring Methods .................................................................................................... 8 Critical Process Parameters ...................................................................................... 10 Critical Quality Attributes & Key Performance Indicators ........................................... 14 Recent Applications of In-situ VCD & TCD ................................................................ 17 Conclusions .............................................................................................................. 19 References ................................................................................................................ 20 Focus Spots Intelligent Arc Sensors for pH and DO in-situ Measurement...................................... 10 Dissolved Oxygen User’s Experiences ...................................................................... 11 In-situ Cell Density -
Supplement of Atmos
Supplement of Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 2489–2518, 2015 http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/15/2489/2015/ doi:10.5194/acp-15-2489-2015-supplement © Author(s) 2015. CC Attribution 3.0 License. Supplement of A comprehensive laboratory study on the immersion freezing behavior of illite NX particles: a comparison of 17 ice nucleation measurement techniques N. Hiranuma et al. Correspondence to: N. Hiranuma ([email protected]) 1 S1. Supplementary Methods 2 3 This supplementary information provides additional details for the measurement 4 techniques of immersion freezing of illite NX particles with S1.1. suspension techniques and 5 S1.2. dry-dispersed particle measurement techniques (both in alphabetical order as in Table 6 1). The discussions of measurement uncertainties of temperature and ns for each measurement 7 technique are also provided. We note that the uncertainty in frozen fraction (α) used in 8 calculating ns may not be adequate, since the sensitivity of Δα (an increase or a decrease in 9 frozen fraction) is much higher at high temperatures which unexceptionally coincide with a 10 low fraction of frozen illite NX. 11 12 S1.1. Suspension techniques 13 14 Bielefeld Ice Nucleation ARraY (BINARY) 15 16 The BINARY setup is an optical freezing apparatus that makes use of the change in 17 droplet brightness during freezing for the automated and simultaneous detection of ice 18 nucleation in 36 microliter-sized droplets. The droplets are positioned on a hydrophobic glass 19 slide that rests on top of a Peltier cooling stage (Linkam LTS 120). The 36 droplets are 20 separated from each other by a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) spacer in order to prevent a 21 Wegener-Bergeron-Findeisen process. -
Laboratory Equipment Reference Sheet
Laboratory Equipment Stirring Rod: Reference Sheet: Iron Ring: Description: Glass rod. Uses: To stir combinations; To use in pouring liquids. Evaporating Dish: Description: Iron ring with a screw fastener; Several Sizes Uses: To fasten to the ring stand as a support for an apparatus Description: Porcelain dish. Buret Clamp/Test Tube Clamp: Uses: As a container for small amounts of liquids being evaporated. Glass Plate: Description: Metal clamp with a screw fastener, swivel and lock nut, adjusting screw, and a curved clamp. Uses: To hold an apparatus; May be fastened to a ring stand. Mortar and Pestle: Description: Thick glass. Uses: Many uses; Should not be heated Description: Heavy porcelain dish with a grinder. Watch Glass: Uses: To grind chemicals to a powder. Spatula: Description: Curved glass. Uses: May be used as a beaker cover; May be used in evaporating very small amounts of Description: Made of metal or porcelain. liquid. Uses: To transfer solid chemicals in weighing. Funnel: Triangular File: Description: Metal file with three cutting edges. Uses: To scratch glass or file. Rubber Connector: Description: Glass or plastic. Uses: To hold filter paper; May be used in pouring Description: Short length of tubing. Medicine Dropper: Uses: To connect parts of an apparatus. Pinch Clamp: Description: Glass tip with a rubber bulb. Uses: To transfer small amounts of liquid. Forceps: Description: Metal clamp with finger grips. Uses: To clamp a rubber connector. Test Tube Rack: Description: Metal Uses: To pick up or hold small objects. Beaker: Description: Rack; May be wood, metal, or plastic. Uses: To hold test tubes in an upright position. -
Stachytarpheta Cayennensis Aqueous Extract, a New Bioreactor Towards Silver Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications
Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology, 2019, 10, 102-119 http://www.scirp.org/journal/jbnb ISSN Online: 2158-7043 ISSN Print: 2158-7027 Stachytarpheta cayennensis Aqueous Extract, a New Bioreactor towards Silver Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications Francois Eya’ane Meva1,2* , Joel Olivier Avom Mbeng1, Cecile Okalla Ebongue1,3, Carsten Schlüsener2, Ülkü Kökҫam-Demir2, Agnes Antoinette Ntoumba4, Phillipe Belle Ebanda Kedi4, Etienne Elanga1, Evrard-Rudy Njike Loudang1, Moise Henri Julien Nko’o1, Edmond Tchoumbi1, Vandi Deli1, Christian Chick Nanga1, Emmanuel Albert Mpondo Mpondo1, Christoph Janiak2 1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon 2Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Structural Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany 3Clinical Biology Laboratory, General Hospital of Douala, Douala, Cameroon 4Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon How to cite this paper: Meva, F.E., Abstract Mbeng, J.O.A., Ebongue, C.O., Schlüsener, C., Kökҫam-Demir, Ü., Ntoumba, A.A., Kedi, This study reports the preparation and characterization of silver nanopar- P.B.E., Elanga, E., Loudang, E.-R.N., Nko’o, ticles synthesized by the mediation of the plant weed Stachytarpheta cayen- M.H.J., Tchoumbi, E., Deli, V., Nanga, C.C., nensis through solution method. Ultraviolet visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) Mpondo, E.A.M. and Janiak, C. (2019) Sta- chytarpheta cayennensis Aqueous Extract, a determines the presence of nanoparticles in the solution. Infrared spectros- New Bioreactor towards Silver Nanopar- copy (IR) proves organic molecules at the particles interface. Powder X-ray ticles for Biomedical Applications. Journal diffraction (PXRD) provides phase composition and crystallinity. -
Bioreactor Studies of Heterologous Protein Production by Recombinant Yeast
BIOREACTOR STUDIES OF HETEROLOGOUS PROTEIN PRODUCTION BY RECOMBINANT YEAST by ZHIGEN ZWNG A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulNlment of the thesis quinment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Chernical Engineering Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 1997 @ Zhigen Zhang 1997 National tibrary Bibliothi?que nationale l*l dm, du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographie Services seMces bubriographiques 395 wellaStreet 395, me wdtingtori OrtawaON KIAW ûtiawaOlJ K1AûN4 Canada Canada Va#& Voinciilline, avm Nom- The author has pteda non- L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive licence dowiug the exclwe permettant il Ia National Ijiiiof Canada to Bibliothèque nationale du Cadade reproduce, 10- disttibute or sell reprodnire, *, distn'buerou copies of bis/her thesis by any means vendre des copies de sa thése de and in any fonn or fomLaf making qyelqy manière et sous quelque this thesis avaiiable to interested forme que ce soit pour mettre des persofls- exemplaires de cette thèse à la disposition des persornes intéressées. The auîhor retains owndpof the L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright m Merthesis. Neither droit d'auteur qui protège sa thèse. Ni the thesis nor substsmtial extracts la thèse ni &s extmits substantiels de fiom it may be printed or otherwiSe celleci ne doivent être imprimés ou reproduced with the author's autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisalian, nie University of Waterloo requin% the signatures of ali pesons using or photocopying this thesis. Please sign below. and give address and dite. ABSTRACT Fundamend enginee~gstudies were carried out on heterologous protein production using a recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae sPain (C468fpGAC9) which expresses Aspergillus mamon glucoamylase gene and secretes glucoamylase into the extracellular medium, as a model system. -
Corning Life Sciences Selection Guide Issue 6
www.corning.com/lifesciences Corning Life Sciences Selection Guide Issue 6 Trust Corning for Your Research For superior quality and performance in life science research tools, you can count on Corning. Our comprehensive line of advanced products and technologies is designed to meet your evolving needs in cell-based and genomics research. To learn more, please visit www.corning.com/lifesciences, or call 1.800.492.1110. Customers outside the U.S., please call 1.978.442.2200 or contact your local support office (listed below). Corning Incorporated Worldwide India Taiwan United Kingdom Life Sciences Support Offices t 91-124-235 7850 t 886 2-2716-0338 t 0800 376 8660 f 91-124-401 0207 f 886 2-2716-0339 f 0800 279 1117 Corning BV Life Sciences ASIA/PACIFIC Japan All Other European EUROPE Koolhovenlaan 12 Australia t 81 (0) 3-3586 1996/1997 Countries 1119 NE Schiphol Rijk t 61 2-9416-0492 f 81 (0) 3-3586 1291/1292 France t 31 (0) 20 659 60 51 The Netherlands f 61 2-9416-0493 Korea t 0800 916 882 f 31 (0) 20 659 76 73 f 0800 918 636 Corning Incorporated China t 82 2-796-9500 f 82 2-796-9300 Germany LATINAMERICA Life Sciences t 86 21-3222-4666 t 0800 101 1153 Brasil Tower 2, 4th Floor f 86 21-6288-1575 Singapore f 0800 101 2427 t (55-11) 3089-7419 900 Chelmsford St. Hong Kong t 65 6733-6511 The Netherlands f (55-11) 3167-0700 Lowell, MA 01851 t 852-2807-2723 f 65 6861-2913 Mexico t 800.492.1110 f 852-2807-2152 t 31 20 655 79 28 New! t (52-81) 8158-8400 t 978.442.2200 f 31 20 659 76 73 f (52-81) 8313-8589 f 978.442.2476 www.corning.com/lifesciences Online ordering now available 6/08 6M APC CLS–PSG–001-A4-REV6 Corning, Costar, CellBIND, CellCube, CellSTACK, DNA-BIND, Lambda, Octapette, Spin-X, Stripette, Stripwell, Thermowell, Transtar-96, Transwell,, 8-Pette, and 12-Pette are registered trademarks of Corning Incorporated, Corning, NY. -
The Stoichiometry of a Reaction Introduction This Experiment Provides a Method to Determine the Mole Ratio in Which Two Substances Combine Chemically
The Stoichiometry of a Reaction Introduction This experiment provides a method to determine the mole ratio in which two substances combine chemically. Such information is helpful in determining the stoichiometry of a reaction, i.e. the balanced chemical equation and the information that can be derived from it. The principle underlying this experiment is based on keeping the quantity of one reactant constant while varying the quantity of a second reactant. The mass of the precipitate produced is then used as an indicator of the effect of varying the quantity of the second reactant. When enough of the second reactant has been added to completely react with the first reactant, there will be no further increase in the amount of the precipitate produced, regardless of how much of the second one is added. Equipment/Materials 0.1M Pb(NO3)2 Stirring rod 0.1M KI Funnel 5 % HNO3 Side-armed Erlenmeyer flask Filter paper Hot plate 10mL automatic pipets Analytical balance 50 mL beakers Wash bottle of DI water Safety • Goggles must be worn at all times in the laboratory. • Pour any leftover solution in the designated containers. • Follow your instructor’s directions for the disposal of the precipitates. Guiding Questions Which trial(s) will give the most precipitate? Why? 9A-1 Procedure 1. In this experiment the stoichiometry of the lead nitrate – potassium iodide system will be investigated. The volume of the potassium iodide will be held constant while the volume of the lead nitrate is varied. The concentration of both solutions will be 0.1000 M. Each lab group will be asked to prepare two combinations in the following table. -
Copyright by Fernando Almada-Calvo 2014
Copyright by Fernando Almada-Calvo 2014 The Dissertation Committee for Fernando Almada-Calvo Certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: Effect of temperature, dissolved inorganic carbon and light intensity on the growth rates of two microalgae species in monocultures and co- cultures Committee: Kerry A. Kinney, Supervisor Lynn E. Katz, Co-Supervisor Gerald E. Speitel Jr. Mary Jo Kirisits Halil Berberoglu Effect of temperature, dissolved inorganic carbon and light intensity on the growth rates of two microalgae species in monocultures and co- cultures by Fernando Almada-Calvo, B.S., M.S.E. Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin May 2014 Dedication For my wife and sons. Acknowledgements First and foremost, I want to thank my advisors, Dr. Katz and Dr. Kinney, for providing the best guidance during these last six years that I have been in graduate school. They certainly helped me enormously to improve this work. They provided a good balance between freedom to pursue my interests and giving precise guidance and push towards achieving goals. I have the upmost respect for them. Also, I want to thank all of EWRE students, faculty and staff. Everybody helped to shape this work. Especially, JP and Felipe who helped me solve practical problems in the lab. Dr. Kirisits provided me with excellent feedback on some of the work I was planning on doing and Charlie saved my experiments by re-building from scratch the water circulator’s temperature controller when it failed. -
Biological and Chemical Safety Manual
Biological and Chemical Safety Manual Fall, 2012 1 EMERGENCY INFORMATION (Fill out laboratory specific information and post outside of laboratory – copy to EHS dept.) Principal Investigator After -Hours Contact Information Lab Location Location Of Chemical Spill Kit Location Of Biological Spill Kit Location Of Fire Extinguisher Location Of Fire Alarm Location of Eye Wash Station Location of Safety Shower USD Environmental Health and Safety Chemical & Radiation Safety Kevin O’Kelley, Director of Environmental Health & Safety [email protected] , 605-677-6265 Institutional Review Board (IRB) Sandra Ellenbolt, Director of Human Subjects Protection [email protected] , 605-677-6067 Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) Peter Autenried, Director of Animal Resource Center [email protected] , 605-677-5174 Institutional Biosafety Committee (IBC) Victor Huber, Ph.D. [email protected] , 605-677-5163 Facilities Management Call Desk: 605-677-5341 (After hours, call USD Public Safety) USD Public Safety Office: 605-677-5342 Fire/Police/Emergency Medical Services Dispatch: 9-911 2 Preface A safe working and learning environment is an expectation of USD and is provided to all employees, students, and guests at the highest level reasonably possible. The University of South Dakota Biological and Chemical Safety Policy is designed as a reference for individual laboratories to provide a safe and productive work environment while complying with applicable federal and state rules and best practices. Each laboratory group should supplement this policy when necessary to insure health and safety of workers is not compromised. The policy is divided into Chemical Safety and Biological Safety sections. Radiation Safety is addressed in the University of South Dakota’s Radiation Safety Policy for Authorized Workers. -
30B459cf080bf4bc9f35f9422b81
Analysis of the light intensity dependence of the growth of Synechocystis and of the light distribution in a photobioreactor energized by 635 nm light Alessandro Cordara1,2, Angela Re2, Cristina Pagliano1, Pascal Van Alphen3, Raffaele Pirone4, Guido Saracco2,5, Filipe Branco dos Santos3, Klaas Hellingwerf3 and Nicolò Vasile2 1 Applied Science and Technology Department—Biosolar Lab, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy 2 Centre for Sustainable Future Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Turin, Italy 3 Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands 4 Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy 5 Current affiliation: Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy ABSTRACT Synechocystis gathered momentum in modelling studies and biotechnological applications owing to multiple factors like fast growth, ability to fix carbon dioxide into valuable products, and the relative ease of genetic manipulation. Synechocystis physiology and metabolism, and consequently, the productivity of Synechocystis- based photobioreactors (PBRs), are heavily light modulated. Here, we set up a turbidostat-controlled lab-scale cultivation system in order to study the influence of varying orange–red light intensities on Synechocystis growth characteristics and photosynthetic activity. Synechocystis growth and photosynthetic activity were found - - to raise as supplied light intensity increased up to 500 mmol photons m 2 s 1 and to - - enter the photoinhibition state only at 800 mmol photons m 2 s 1. Interestingly, reverting the light to a non-photo-inhibiting intensity unveiled Synechocystis to be able to promptly recover. Furthermore, our characterization displayed a clear correlation between variations in growth rate and cell size, extending a phenomenon previously observed in other cyanobacteria. -
Building a Morbidostat: an Automated Continuous-Culture Device For
PROTOCOL Building a morbidostat: an automated continuous- culture device for studying bacterial drug resistance under dynamically sustained drug inhibition Erdal Toprak1,2, Adrian Veres3, Sadik Yildiz2, Juan M Pedraza4, Remy Chait1, Johan Paulsson1,5 & Roy Kishony1,5 1Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 2Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul, Turkey. 3Health Sciences and Technology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 4Department of Physics, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia. 5School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. Correspondence should be addressed to E.T. ([email protected]) or R.K. ([email protected]). Published online 21 February 2013; doi:10.1038/nprot.2013.021 We present a protocol for building and operating an automated fluidic system for continuous culture that we call the ‘morbidostat’. The morbidostat is used to follow the evolution of microbial drug resistance in real time. Instead of exposing bacteria to predetermined drug environments, the morbidostat constantly measures the growth rates of evolving microbial populations and dynamically adjusts drug concentrations inside culture vials in order to maintain a constant drug-induced inhibition. The growth rate measurements are done using an optical detection system that is based on measuring the intensity of back-scattered light from bacterial cells suspended in the liquid culture. The morbidostat can additionally be used as a chemostat or a turbidostat. The whole system can be built from readily available components within 2–3 weeks by biologists with some electronics experience or engineers familiar with basic microbiology. INTRODUCTION Antibiotic resistance is an important public health problem, ren- at a constant rate lower than the maximal growth rate of the popu- dering currently available drugs useless and threatening millions lation, the dilution rate of the morbidostat rdilution ≅ ∆V/(V·∆t) is of lives1–4.