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Genetic Associations Between Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels (Vgccs) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Liao and Li Molecular Brain (2020) 13:96 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13041-020-00634-0 REVIEW Open Access Genetic associations between voltage- gated calcium channels and autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review Xiaoli Liao1,2 and Yamin Li2* Abstract Objectives: The present review systematically summarized existing publications regarding the genetic associations between voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted to gather pertinent studies in three online databases. Two authors independently screened the included records based on the selection criteria. Discrepancies in each step were settled through discussions. Results: From 1163 resulting searched articles, 28 were identified for inclusion. The most prominent among the VGCCs variants found in ASD were those falling within loci encoding the α subunits, CACNA1A, CACNA1B, CACN A1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1E, CACNA1F, CACNA1G, CACNA1H, and CACNA1I as well as those of their accessory subunits CACNB2, CACNA2D3, and CACNA2D4. Two signaling pathways, the IP3-Ca2+ pathway and the MAPK pathway, were identified as scaffolds that united genetic lesions into a consensus etiology of ASD. Conclusions: Evidence generated from this review supports the role of VGCC genetic variants in the pathogenesis of ASD, making it a promising therapeutic target. Future research should focus on the specific mechanism that connects VGCC genetic variants to the complex ASD phenotype. Keywords: Autism spectrum disorder, Voltage-gated calcium -
The Mineralocorticoid Receptor Leads to Increased Expression of EGFR
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN The mineralocorticoid receptor leads to increased expression of EGFR and T‑type calcium channels that support HL‑1 cell hypertrophy Katharina Stroedecke1,2, Sandra Meinel1,2, Fritz Markwardt1, Udo Kloeckner1, Nicole Straetz1, Katja Quarch1, Barbara Schreier1, Michael Kopf1, Michael Gekle1 & Claudia Grossmann1* The EGF receptor (EGFR) has been extensively studied in tumor biology and recently a role in cardiovascular pathophysiology was suggested. The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is an important efector of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone‑system and elicits pathophysiological efects in the cardiovascular system; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. Our aim was to investigate the importance of EGFR for MR‑mediated cardiovascular pathophysiology because MR is known to induce EGFR expression. We identifed a SNP within the EGFR promoter that modulates MR‑induced EGFR expression. In RNA‑sequencing and qPCR experiments in heart tissue of EGFR KO and WT mice, changes in EGFR abundance led to diferential expression of cardiac ion channels, especially of the T‑type calcium channel CACNA1H. Accordingly, CACNA1H expression was increased in WT mice after in vivo MR activation by aldosterone but not in respective EGFR KO mice. Aldosterone‑ and EGF‑responsiveness of CACNA1H expression was confrmed in HL‑1 cells by Western blot and by measuring peak current density of T‑type calcium channels. Aldosterone‑induced CACNA1H protein expression could be abrogated by the EGFR inhibitor AG1478. Furthermore, inhibition of T‑type calcium channels with mibefradil or ML218 reduced diameter, volume and BNP levels in HL‑1 cells. In conclusion the MR regulates EGFR and CACNA1H expression, which has an efect on HL‑1 cell diameter, and the extent of this regulation seems to depend on the SNP‑216 (G/T) genotype. -
Tomo-Seq Identifies SOX9 As a Key Regulator of Cardiac Fibrosis During Ischemic Injury
myocardial myocardial Eva van ◼ osis fibr SOX9 transcription ◼ PhD* PhD PhD PhD MSc, PhD naarden, MSc, PhD naarden, PhD* ventricular remodeling Correspondence to: Correspondence Rooij, MSc, PhD, Hubrecht Department of Institute, KNAW University Medical Cardiology, Uppsalalaan 8, Center Utrecht, The Netherlands. 3584CT Utrecht, E-mail [email protected] of Funding, see page 1408 Sources Key Words: ischemia ◼ © 2017 American Heart Association, Inc. *Drs. Lacraz and Junker contributed equally. Grégory P.A. Lacraz, MSc, P.A. Grégory MSc, Jan Philipp Junker, Monika M. Gladka, MSc, MSc Bas Molenaar, Scholman, MSc Koen T. MSc Marta Vigil-Garcia, BS Danielle Versteeg, BS Hesther de Ruiter, MSc, Vermunt, Marit W. MSc, Creyghton, Menno P. Manon M.H. Huibers, Nicolaas de Jonge, MD Alexander van Oude- Eva van Rooij, MSc, PhD 2017;136:1396–1409. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.027832 DOI: 2017;136:1396–1409. Circulation. blunted the cardiac fibrotic fibrotic blunted the cardiac Sox9 ). Subsequent correlation analysis allowed). Subsequent correlation Serca2 Editorial, see p 1410 , and Nppa Based on the exact local expression cues, tomo-seq can Based on the exact local expression Cardiac ischemic injury induces a pathological remodeling ischemic injury induces a pathological remodeling Cardiac , Although genome-wide transcriptome analysis on diseased tissues Tracing transcriptional differences with a high spatial resolution with a high spatial resolution transcriptional differences Tracing Col1a2 October 10, 2017 October 10, 1396 CONCLUSIONS: novel genes and key transcription factors involved in specific serve to reveal able to unveil the Using tomo-seq, we were remodeling. aspects of cardiac pointing fibrosis, of cardiac of SOX9 as a key regulator unknown relevance fibrosis. -
Aquaporin Channels in the Heart—Physiology and Pathophysiology
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Review Aquaporin Channels in the Heart—Physiology and Pathophysiology Arie O. Verkerk 1,2,* , Elisabeth M. Lodder 2 and Ronald Wilders 1 1 Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; [email protected] 2 Department of Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +31-20-5664670 Received: 29 March 2019; Accepted: 23 April 2019; Published: 25 April 2019 Abstract: Mammalian aquaporins (AQPs) are transmembrane channels expressed in a large variety of cells and tissues throughout the body. They are known as water channels, but they also facilitate the transport of small solutes, gasses, and monovalent cations. To date, 13 different AQPs, encoded by the genes AQP0–AQP12, have been identified in mammals, which regulate various important biological functions in kidney, brain, lung, digestive system, eye, and skin. Consequently, dysfunction of AQPs is involved in a wide variety of disorders. AQPs are also present in the heart, even with a specific distribution pattern in cardiomyocytes, but whether their presence is essential for proper (electro)physiological cardiac function has not intensively been studied. This review summarizes recent findings and highlights the involvement of AQPs in normal and pathological cardiac function. We conclude that AQPs are at least implicated in proper cardiac water homeostasis and energy balance as well as heart failure and arsenic cardiotoxicity. However, this review also demonstrates that many effects of cardiac AQPs, especially on excitation-contraction coupling processes, are virtually unexplored. -
A Computational Approach for Defining a Signature of Β-Cell Golgi Stress in Diabetes Mellitus
Page 1 of 781 Diabetes A Computational Approach for Defining a Signature of β-Cell Golgi Stress in Diabetes Mellitus Robert N. Bone1,6,7, Olufunmilola Oyebamiji2, Sayali Talware2, Sharmila Selvaraj2, Preethi Krishnan3,6, Farooq Syed1,6,7, Huanmei Wu2, Carmella Evans-Molina 1,3,4,5,6,7,8* Departments of 1Pediatrics, 3Medicine, 4Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, 5Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, the 6Center for Diabetes & Metabolic Diseases, and the 7Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202; 2Department of BioHealth Informatics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 46202; 8Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202. *Corresponding Author(s): Carmella Evans-Molina, MD, PhD ([email protected]) Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive, MS 2031A, Indianapolis, IN 46202, Telephone: (317) 274-4145, Fax (317) 274-4107 Running Title: Golgi Stress Response in Diabetes Word Count: 4358 Number of Figures: 6 Keywords: Golgi apparatus stress, Islets, β cell, Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes 1 Diabetes Publish Ahead of Print, published online August 20, 2020 Diabetes Page 2 of 781 ABSTRACT The Golgi apparatus (GA) is an important site of insulin processing and granule maturation, but whether GA organelle dysfunction and GA stress are present in the diabetic β-cell has not been tested. We utilized an informatics-based approach to develop a transcriptional signature of β-cell GA stress using existing RNA sequencing and microarray datasets generated using human islets from donors with diabetes and islets where type 1(T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) had been modeled ex vivo. To narrow our results to GA-specific genes, we applied a filter set of 1,030 genes accepted as GA associated. -
Emerging Roles for Multifunctional Ion Channel Auxiliary Subunits in Cancer T ⁎ Alexander S
Cell Calcium 80 (2019) 125–140 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Cell Calcium journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ceca Emerging roles for multifunctional ion channel auxiliary subunits in cancer T ⁎ Alexander S. Hawortha,b, William J. Brackenburya,b, a Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK b York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Several superfamilies of plasma membrane channels which regulate transmembrane ion flux have also been Auxiliary subunit shown to regulate a multitude of cellular processes, including proliferation and migration. Ion channels are Cancer typically multimeric complexes consisting of conducting subunits and auxiliary, non-conducting subunits. Calcium channel Auxiliary subunits modulate the function of conducting subunits and have putative non-conducting roles, further Chloride channel expanding the repertoire of cellular processes governed by ion channel complexes to processes such as trans- Potassium channel cellular adhesion and gene transcription. Given this expansive influence of ion channels on cellular behaviour it Sodium channel is perhaps no surprise that aberrant ion channel expression is a common occurrence in cancer. This review will − focus on the conducting and non-conducting roles of the auxiliary subunits of various Ca2+,K+,Na+ and Cl channels and the burgeoning evidence linking such auxiliary subunits to cancer. Several subunits are upregu- lated (e.g. Cavβ,Cavγ) and downregulated (e.g. Kvβ) in cancer, while other subunits have been functionally implicated as oncogenes (e.g. Navβ1,Cavα2δ1) and tumour suppressor genes (e.g. CLCA2, KCNE2, BKγ1) based on in vivo studies. The strengthening link between ion channel auxiliary subunits and cancer has exposed these subunits as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. -
Transcriptomic Analysis of Native Versus Cultured Human and Mouse Dorsal Root Ganglia Focused on Pharmacological Targets Short
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/766865; this version posted September 12, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-ND 4.0 International license. Transcriptomic analysis of native versus cultured human and mouse dorsal root ganglia focused on pharmacological targets Short title: Comparative transcriptomics of acutely dissected versus cultured DRGs Andi Wangzhou1, Lisa A. McIlvried2, Candler Paige1, Paulino Barragan-Iglesias1, Carolyn A. Guzman1, Gregory Dussor1, Pradipta R. Ray1,#, Robert W. Gereau IV2, # and Theodore J. Price1, # 1The University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, 800 W Campbell Rd. Richardson, TX, 75080, USA 2Washington University Pain Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine # corresponding authors [email protected], [email protected] and [email protected] Funding: NIH grants T32DA007261 (LM); NS065926 and NS102161 (TJP); NS106953 and NS042595 (RWG). The authors declare no conflicts of interest Author Contributions Conceived of the Project: PRR, RWG IV and TJP Performed Experiments: AW, LAM, CP, PB-I Supervised Experiments: GD, RWG IV, TJP Analyzed Data: AW, LAM, CP, CAG, PRR Supervised Bioinformatics Analysis: PRR Drew Figures: AW, PRR Wrote and Edited Manuscript: AW, LAM, CP, GD, PRR, RWG IV, TJP All authors approved the final version of the manuscript. 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/766865; this version posted September 12, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. -
New Contributions in Undergraduate Research
PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal Volume 11 Issue 1 Without Borders: Original Contributions Article 6 in Undergraduate Research 2017 Wings Outstretched: New Contributions in Undergraduate Research Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/mcnair Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation (2017) "Wings Outstretched: New Contributions in Undergraduate Research," PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal: Vol. 11: Iss. 1, Article 6. https://doi.org/10.15760/mcnair.2017.01 This open access Full Issue is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0). All documents in PDXScholar should meet accessibility standards. If we can make this document more accessible to you, contact our team. Portland State University McNair Research Journal 2017 Without Borders: Original Contributions in Undergraduate Research 2017 Ronald E. McNair Scholars Journal Portland State University 1 About the Program The Portland State University (PSU) Ronald E. McNair Scholars Program at Portland State University works with motivated and talented undergraduates who want to pursue PhDs. It introduces juniors and seniors who are first-generation and low income, and/or members of under-represented groups to academic research and to effective strategies for getting into and graduating from PhD programs. The McNair Scholars Program has academic-year activities and a full-time summer research internship. Scholars take academic and skills-building seminars and workshops during the year, and each scholar works closely with a faculty mentor on original research in the summer. Scholars present their research findings at the McNair Summer Symposium and at other conferences, and are encouraged to publish their papers in the McNair Journal and other scholarly publications. -
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ASPA Gene Aspartoacylase
ASPA gene aspartoacylase Normal Function The ASPA gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called aspartoacylase. In the brain, this enzyme breaks down a compound called N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid (NAA) into aspartic acid (an amino acid that is a building block of many proteins) and another molecule called acetic acid. The production and breakdown of NAA appears to be critical for maintaining the brain's white matter, which consists of nerve fibers surrounded by a myelin sheath. The myelin sheath is the covering that protects nerve fibers and promotes the efficient transmission of nerve impulses. The precise function of NAA is unclear. Researchers had suspected that it played a role in the production of the myelin sheath, but recent studies suggest that NAA does not have this function. The enzyme may instead be involved in the transport of water molecules out of nerve cells (neurons). Health Conditions Related to Genetic Changes Canavan disease More than 80 mutations in the ASPA gene are known to cause Canavan disease, which is a rare inherited disorder that affects brain development. Researchers have described two major forms of this condition: neonatal/infantile Canavan disease, which is the most common and most severe form, and mild/juvenile Canavan disease. The ASPA gene mutations that cause the neonatal/infantile form severely impair the activity of aspartoacylase, preventing the breakdown of NAA and allowing this substance to build up to high levels in the brain. The mutations that cause the mild/juvenile form have milder effects on the enzyme's activity, leading to less accumulation of NAA. -
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Amsterdam, the Netherlands, June 14 – 17, 2012 Chronic lymphocytic leukemia - Clinical 1 assumed efficacy especially in high-risk situations (early relapse, unfavourable prognostic markers), was used in 202 patients. The overall survival in the CHOP-collective was significantly shorter than in the comparative group (p<0.0001) although median observation time was not significantly differ - 0144 ent. However, this observation might reflect a bias in the selection of high risk patients for this relapse treatment. No influence on survival was INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT TREATMENT REGIMENS ON SURVIVAL IN observed in patients receiving a mitoxantrone-containing regimen at any PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA - A META-ANALY - time during the treatment course. Summary and Conclusions. This meta- SIS OF THE GERMAN CLL STUDY GROUP (GCLLSG) analysis shows that the advances in the development of strategies for first- S Isfort 1, P Cramer 2, J Bahlo 2, R Busch 3, K Fischer 2, AM Fink 2, V Goede 2, T line therapies result in prolongation of treatment-free and overall survival Elter 2, M Bergmann 4, M Stauch 5, S Stilgenbauer 4, CM Wendtner 6, M Hallek 2, for patients with CLL and need of treatment. Chemoimmunotherapies pro - B Eichhorst 2 long the survival independently of the time point of chemoimmunotherapy 1Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany administration (for first-line therapy or relapse). 2Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany 3 Institute for Medical Statistic and Epidemiology, Technical University Munich, 0145 Munich, Germany 4 Department III of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany A SINGLE-ARM MULTI-CENTER TRIAL OF BENDAMUSTINE GIVEN 5 Private practice and day time clinic for Hematology and Oncology, Kronach, WITH OFATUMUMAB (BENDOFA) IN PATIENTS WITH REFRACTORY OR Kronach, Germany RELAPSED CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA. -
National Cancer Institute Cancer National
DIVISION OF CANCER TREATMENT AND DIAGNOSIS National Cancer Institute Cancer National PROGRAM ACCOMPLISHMENTS 2006 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword . iii Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis Overview . .1 Major Ongoing Initiatives and Accomplishments . .7 Biometric Research Branch Overview . 11 Partnerships and Collaborations . 12 Scientific Advances . 17 Other Biostatistical Research . 24 Tools, Products, and Resources . 27 Cancer Diagnosis Program Overview . 29 Major Ongoing Initiatives . 30 Current Funding Opportunities . 34 Partnerships and Collaborations . 36 Scientific Advances . 39 Tools, Products, and Resources . 41 Cancer Imaging Program Overview . 45 Major Ongoing Initiatives . 47 Current Funding Opportunities . 54 Partnerships and Collaborations . 57 Scientific Advances . 61 Tools, Products, and Resources . 63 Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program Overview . 65 Major Ongoing Initiatives . 67 Significant Ongoing Clinical Trials . 71 Current Funding Opportunities . 73 Partnerships and Collaborations . 75 Scientific Advances . 79 Tools, Products, and Resources . 92 TABLE OF CONTENTS ■ i Developmental Therapeutics Program Overview . 95 New Initiatives . 97 Major Ongoing Initiatives . .100 Current Funding Opportunities . .104 Tools, Products, and Resources . .105 History-Marking Event . .114 Scientific Advances . .115 Radiation Research Program Overview . .119 Partnerships and Collaborations . .121 Scientific Advances . .127 Tools, Products, and Resources . .129