World Hunger Campaign 2012
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Load more
Recommended publications
-
Cloth, Commerce and History in Western Africa 1700-1850
The Texture of Change: Cloth, Commerce and History in Western Africa 1700-1850 The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Benjamin, Jody A. 2016. The Texture of Change: Cloth, Commerce and History in Western Africa 1700-1850. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, Graduate School of Arts & Sciences. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493374 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA The Texture of Change: Cloth Commerce and History in West Africa, 1700-1850 A dissertation presented by Jody A. Benjamin to The Department of African and African American Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of African and African American Studies Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts May 2016 © 2016 Jody A. Benjamin All rights reserved. Dissertation Adviser: Professor Emmanuel Akyeampong Jody A. Benjamin The Texture of Change: Cloth Commerce and History in West Africa, 1700-1850 Abstract This study re-examines historical change in western Africa during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries through the lens of cotton textiles; that is by focusing on the production, exchange and consumption of cotton cloth, including the evolution of clothing practices, through which the region interacted with other parts of the world. It advances a recent scholarly emphasis to re-assert the centrality of African societies to the history of the early modern trade diasporas that shaped developments around the Atlantic Ocean. -
Variable Name: Identity
Data Codebook for Round 6 Afrobarometer Survey Prepared by: Thomas A. Isbell University of Cape Town January 2017 University of Cape Town (UCT) Center for Democratic Development (CDD-Ghana) Michigan State University (MSU) Centre for Social Science Research 14 W. Airport Residential Area Department of Political Science Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa P.O. Box 404, Legon-Accra, Ghana East Lansing, Michigan 48824 27 21 650 3827•fax: 27 21 650 4657 233 21 776 142•fax: 233 21 763 028 517 353 3377•fax: 517 432 1091 Mattes ([email protected]) Gyimah-Boadi ([email protected]) Bratton ([email protected]) Copyright Afrobarometer Table of Contents Page number Variable descriptives 3-72 Appendix 1: Sample characteristics 73 Appendix 2: List of country abbreviations and country-specific codes 74 Appendix 3: Technical Information Forms for each country survey 75-111 Copyright Afrobarometer 2 Question Number: COUNTRY Question: Country Variable Label: Country Values: 1-36 Value Labels: 1=Algeria, 2=Benin, 3=Botswana, 4=Burkina Faso, 5=Burundi, 6=Cameroon, 7=Cape Verde, 8=Cote d'Ivoire, 9=Egypt, 10=Gabon, 11=Ghana, 12=Guinea, 13=Kenya, 14=Lesotho, 15=Liberia, 16=Madagascar, 17=Malawi, 18=Mali, 19=Mauritius, 20=Morocco, 21=Mozambique, 22=Namibia, 23=Niger, 24=Nigeria, 25=São Tomé and Príncipe, 26=Senegal, 27=Sierra Leone, 28=South Africa, 29=Sudan, 30=Swaziland, 31=Tanzania, 32=Togo, 33=Tunisia, 34=Uganda, 35=Zambia, 36=Zimbabwe Note: Answered by interviewer Question Number: COUNTRY_R5List Question: Country Variable Label: Country in R5 Alphabetical -
Expanded PDF Profile
Who are the Shanga? 1.0 The Shanga language The official classification is Niger-Congo, Mande, Eastern, Eastern, Busa. In other words Shanga belongs to the Niger- Congo branch of languages which includes most of the indigenous languages of Sub-Saharan Africa and is classified with the Mande family of languages. Most of these languages are in the centre or west of West Africa, but Shanga is towards the east, so belongs to the Eastern sub-group. Within that sub-grouping there are two clusters of languages, each cluster having some intelligibility between speakers. The Boko/Busa cluster includes Boko, Bokobaru, Bisã and Busa Illo, and the Kyanga cluster which includes Kyanga and Shanga. Shanga is not mutually intelligible with the Boko/Busa language speakers and there is only partial intelligibility with Kyanga. Lexical similarity is 81% with Kyanga, and an average of 65% with the Boko/Busa cluster. The Shanga are called Shanga or Shangawa (plural) by the Hausa and they call themselves Sã ngã̃̀, while the Kyanga at Bakinrua call them Sɛ̃ nga. It is probable that the original name was Sɛ̃ nga and the original name of the Kyanga was Kɛ̃ nga. In francophone countries the Kyanga are known as Tienga, while in Boko they are known as Kɛ̃ a. Page | 1 The distribution of Mande family languages with Boko/Busa/Kyanga on the far right This map shows that the Kyanga people are indigenous to West Africa and did not originate in the Middle East. Eastern Mande languages Bissa Samo Busa Kyanga | | | | Barka Toma Busa Kyanga Lebir Tougan Busa Illo Shanga Boko Bokobaru The results of this research show that there are about 5,000 Shanga speakers living on the banks of the Niger River just north of Yauri in the Shanga Local Government Area of Kebbi State, with another 15,000 ethnic Shanga who have assimilated to Hausa living nearby. -
Shape-Shifting Nature in a Contested Landscape in Guinea-Bissau
Shape-shifting nature in a contested landscape in Guinea-Bissau Joana Vaz de Sousa Department of Social Sciences Oxford Brookes University Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements of the Award of Doctor of Philosophy September 2014 i Abstract Studying people and wild animals based only on their strict and present-day interactions is not enough to develop a comprehensive understanding of social constructions of animal species. People encounter other species (and other people) from within particular historical, social, ecological and economic settings. In 13 months of fieldwork, I adopted a multi-disciplinary perspective, using qualitative ethnographic tools alongside quantitative ecological and interviewing approaches to seek for an in-depth understanding that provides access to multiple views about nature and nature conservation. In southern Guinea-Bissau, space and its history, magic and religion, changes in the landscape and environment, local livelihoods and trade, as well as local relations of power for accessing resources, all shape the social and cosmological terrain of the interactions between people and other living and non-living things. On the one hand, magical territories, the role animal figures play in witchcraft, local knowledge and its management, all portray nature as part of society, both as an element and an actor in society. On the other hand, when nature conservation initiatives based on fines and fences are emphasised, the social appropriation of nature envisions people and nature as separate, even antagonistic entities that negotiate each other’s existence. Land is the most important component of livelihoods as it is tightly connected to labour allocation and knowledge exchange. -
Storytelling in Northern Zambia: Theory, Method, Practice and Other Necessary Fictions
To access digital resources including: blog posts videos online appendices and to purchase copies of this book in: hardback paperback ebook editions Go to: https://www.openbookpublishers.com/product/137 Open Book Publishers is a non-profit independent initiative. We rely on sales and donations to continue publishing high-quality academic works. Man playing the banjo, Kaputa (northern Zambia), 1976. Photo by Robert Cancel World Oral Literature Series: Volume 3 Storytelling in Northern Zambia: Theory, Method, Practice and Other Necessary Fictions Robert Cancel http://www.openbookpublishers.com © 2013 Robert Cancel. Foreword © 2013 Mark Turin. This book is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license (CC-BY 3.0). This license allows you to share, copy, distribute and transmit the work; to adapt the work and to make commercial use of the work providing attribution is made the respective authors (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Further details available at http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Attribution should include the following information: Cancel, Robert. Storytelling in Northern Zambia: Theory, Method, Practice and Other Necessary Fictions. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2013. This is the third volume in the World Oral Literature Series, published in association with the World Oral Literature Project. World Oral Literature Series: ISSN: 2050-7933 Digital material and resources associated with this volume are hosted by the World Oral Literature Project (http://www.oralliterature.org/collections/rcancel001.html) and Open Book Publishers (http://www.openbookpublishers.com/isbn/9781909254596). ISBN Hardback: 978-1-909254-60-2 ISBN Paperback: 978-1-909254-59-6 ISBN Digital (PDF): 978-1-909254-61-9 ISBN Digital ebook (epub): 978-1-909254-62-6 ISBN Digital ebook (mobi): 978-1-909254-63-3 DOI: 10.11647/OBP.0033 Cover image: Mr. -
African Least-Reached** People Groups - Sorted by Country Names in English Data Source: Joshua Project, with MANI Edits
African Least-Reached** People Groups - Sorted by Country Names in English Data Source: Joshua Project, with MANI edits. % Evangelicals % Evangelicals Primary Language / % Primary Language / % People Name Dialect Population Adherents People Name Dialect Population Adherents Algeria (35 LR People Groups) Burkina Faso (28 LR People Groups) Algerian, Arabic-speaking Arabic, Algerian Spoken 24,161,000 0.19% Dogose, Doghosie Dogose 33,140 1.00% Arab, Iraqi Arabic, Mesopotamian Spoken 3,630 0.70% Dogoso Dogoso 11,710 1.00% Arab, Moroccan Arabic, Moroccan Spoken 144,000 0.15% Dzuun, Samogo Dzuungoo 19,120 Bedouin, Chaamba Arabic, Algerian Spoken 110,000 0.00% Fulani, Gorgal 5,850 0.10% Bedouin, Dui-Menia Arabic, Algerian Spoken 65,800 0.00% Fulani, Gurmanche 877,540 0.20% Bedouin, Laguat Arabic, Algerian Spoken 65,800 0.00% Fulani, Jelgooji 292,510 0.07% Bedouin, Nail Arabic, Algerian Spoken 30,700 0.00% Fulani, Maasina Fulfulde, Maasina 7,070 0.15% Bedouin, Ruarha Arabic, Algerian Spoken 65,800 0.00% Hausa Hausa 2,230 0.10% Bedouin, Sidi Arabic, Algerian Spoken 110,000 0.00% Jotoni, Jowulu Jowulu 1,130 1.60% Bedouin, Suafa Arabic, Algerian Spoken 65,800 0.00% Jula, Dyula Jula 273,830 0.02% Bedouin, Tajakant Arabic, Algerian Spoken 1,416,000 0.00% Karaboro, Western Karaboro, Western 49,150 2.00% Bedouin, Ziban Arabic, Algerian Spoken 219,000 0.00% Khe Khe 2,580 1.50% Belbali Korandje 3,130 0.00% Lobi, Lobiri Lobi 473,730 2.00% Berber, Figig Tamazight, Central Atlas 65,800 0.00% Maninka, Malinke Maninkakan, Eastern 121,700 1.20% Berber, Imazighen -
Downloaded from Brill.Com10/01/2021 08:22:06PM Via Free Access
I. CONTACT AND MULTILINGUALISM AS AN OUTCOME OF SPEAKERS IN CONTACT Journal of language contact – THEMA 3 (2010) www. jlc-journal.org Downloaded from Brill.com10/01/2021 08:22:06PM via free access Journal of language contact – THEMA 3 (2010) www. jlc-journal.org Downloaded from Brill.com10/01/2021 08:22:06PM via free access THE MANDE AND ATLANTIC GROUPS OF NIGER-CONGO: PROLONGED CONTACT WITH ASYMMETRICAL CONSEQUENCES G. Tucker Childs∗ Portland State University Introduction Africa features a number of long-standing contact situations between groups speaking unrelated languages. In a broad band across the sub-Saharan region from east to west many such situations can be identified, including the Atlantic-Mande contact region of western West Africa. The interaction between speakers of Atlantic languages and speakers of Mande languages has pointed predominantly in only one direction as to (linguistic) influence, namely, from Mande to Atlantic.1 Why this is so can be explained with reference to historical and socio-cultural factors. Although there are exceptions to this directionality, the exceptions actually reinforce these explanations. This paper explores the structural consequences of the contact between Mande and Atlantic and the reasons for this mono-directionality, concentrating primarily on the affected group, speakers of Atlantic languages. In terms of Mande-Atlantic interaction, the most common practice has been for speakers of Atlantic languages to adopt the culture and language of speakers of Mande languages. The main purpose of this paper is to examine a subset of the variety of language contact situations between speakers of Mande languages and speakers of Atlantic languages (hereafter “Mande” and “Atlantic”). -
Ways of Knowing Donsoya: Environment, Embodiment and Perception Among the Hunters of Burkina Faso
WAYS OF KNOWING DONSOYA: ENVIRONMENT, EMBODIMENT AND PERCEPTION AMONG THE HUNTERS OF BURKINA FASO A thesis submitted to the University of Manchester for the degree of PhD in the Faculty of Humanities 2014 Lorenzo Ferrarini School of Social Sciences Contents ABSTRACT 5 DECLARATION 6 COPYRIGHT STATEMENT 7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 8 NOTE ON LANGUAGE 10 INTRODUCTION 11 RESEARCH FOCUS AND OUTLINE OF THE WORK 12 Concepts of knowledge 15 Outline of the work 20 THE MANDE 24 A history of exchanges 26 Fluid ethnicity and society 30 PART ONE - APPROACHING DONSOYA 37 CHAPTER 1 - THE KNOWLEDGE ABOUT DONSOYA 38 Donsoya and its cosmology 42 The constitution of modern hunting associations 54 2 CHAPTER 2 - ACCESSING THE FIELD, ACCESSING DONSOYA 61 The initiation 66 The Dankun network 70 Exploring Adama's network 77 Between individualism and connectivity 83 PART 2 - THE HUNTER AND HIS ENVIRONMENT 89 CHAPTER 3 - THE POLITICAL ECOLOGY OF THE BUSH 90 Cotton and cows 91 Hunting and illegality 95 Donsoya facing environmental change 103 CHAPTER 4 - CONCEPTIONS OF THE ENVIRONMENT 112 The village and the bush 113 Blurring the boundaries 121 Enacting an environment 125 PART 3 - RESEARCHING SENSORY EXPERIENCE 133 CHAPTER 5 - THE EXPERIENCE OF THE BUSH 134 Learning to hunt 136 Anthropology and perception 140 An Ecological approach to perception 144 Noise and sound 149 Frustrated visions 153 Perceiving in the darkness 156 Researching experience 159 3 CHAPTER 6 - REPRESENTING THE APPRENTICESHIP 164 Representing the sensory aspects of hunting 167 Collaboration and enactment 174 Enactive poetics 179 PART 4 - FROM EMBODIMENT TO ECOLOGY 184 CHAPTER 7 - THE EMBODIMENT OF DONSOYA 185 Embodied knowledge 187 Embodying donsoya 193 Kinds of knowledge 200 CHAPTER 8 - CONNECTING KNOWLEDGE, BODY AND ENVIRONMENT 207 The materiality of knowledge 207 Fetishes 213 Beyond the semiotic 217 A donso and his fetish, a donso as a fetish 221 The ecological embodiment of knowledge 226 REFERENCES 231 4 Abstract Ways of Knowing Donsoya: Environment, Embodiment and Perception among the Hunters of Burkina Faso. -
Beyond Jihad Ii Iii
i Beyond Jihad ii iii Beyond Jihad The Pacifist Tradition in West African Islam LAMIN SANNEH 1 iv 1 Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and certain other countries. Published in the United States of America by Oxford University Press 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States of America. © Oxford University Press 2016 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by license, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reproduction rights organization. Inquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above. You must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer. CIP data is on file at the Library of Congress ISBN 978– 0– 19– 935161– 9 1 3 5 7 9 8 6 4 2 Printed by Sheridan Books, Inc., United States of America v In tribute to the Jakhanke clerics who follow the pathways of tolerance and commitment with learning and humor vi vii CONTENTS Author’s Note ix Acknowledgments xiii Introduction: Issues and Directions 1 PART ONE HISTORICAL GENESIS 21 1. Beyond North Africa: Synthesis and Transmission 42 2. -
ECOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES on MANDE POPULATION MOVEMENTS, COMMERCIAL NETWORKS, and SETTLEMENT PATTERNS from the ATLANTIC WET PHASE (Ca
ECOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES ON MANDE POPULATION MOVEMENTS, COMMERCIAL NETWORKS, AND SETTLEMENT PATTERNS FROM THE ATLANTIC WET PHASE (ca. 5500-2500 B.c.) TO THE PRESENT * George E. Brooks Indiana University I In this paper I discuss known and probable migrations and areas of settle ment of proto-Mande and Mande-speaking groups during eight climate periods spanning the past eight millennia. Recent scholarship concerning west African climate patterns in past times has made feasible provisional periodizations of west African history that are independent of European-derived chronologies. Concomitantly, these historical periodizations offer provocative insights re garding such long-term processes as human migrations and settlement patterns; the diffusion of cultigens and domestic animals; the development of long- dis tance trade routes; and the use of horse cavalry in warfare. The provisional historical schema comprising eight climate periods and Map 1 depicting ecological zones are principally derived from the pioneering studies of Sharon E. Nicholson and of Susan and Roderick McIntosh, and from the analyses I have presented elsewhere: (1) The Atlantic Wet Phase which ex.tended from ca. 5500 to ca. 2500 B.C., was succeeded by (2) a two-and-a-half mIllennia-long period of desiccation. (3) There was a six centuries-long transi ton period between ca. 300 B.C. and ca. 300 A.D., during the latter part of which ecological conditions improved sufficiently to permit the development of intra and trans- Saharan commerce. (4) Four centuries of moderate rainfall ca. 300-ca. ~OO, and (5) four centuries of abundant rainfall ca. 700-ca. 1100, were followed bY (6) a four centuries' long dry period extending from ca. -
Making and Managing Femaleness, Fertility and Motherhood Within An
Making and managing femaleness, fertility and motherhood within an urban Gambian area Heidi Skramstad Dissertation submitted for the degree of Dr.Polit. Department of Social Anthropology University of Bergen March 2008 ISBN 978-82-308-0600-5 Bergen, Norway 2008 Printed by Allkopi Tel: +47 55 54 49 40 For Marit Skramstad, Mama Jamba, Aji Rugie Jallow and all other great mothers Contents CONTENTS........................................................................................................................................................... 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: ................................................................................................................................ 7 GENERAL INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................... 11 Organisation of the thesis............................................................................................................................ 14 SUBJECT FORMATION, DISCOURSES, HEGEMONIES AND RESISTANCE................................................................. 15 Ideology, hegemony or dominant discourses............................................................................................... 17 The discursive production of sex, gender, sexuality and fertility................................................................. 19 Women’s positions, mutedness and resistance ............................................................................................ 20 THE DISCURSIVE PRODUCTION -
Executive Summary For
A GUIDE TO WORLD RESOURCES2000–2001 People and Ecosystems The Fraying Web of Life UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME WORLD BANK WORLD RESOURCES INSTITUTE Full ReportSeptember Forthcoming 2000 WORLD RESOURCES 2000–2001 WORLD RESOURCES REPORT PRINCIPAL PARTNERS Coastal/Marine Carol Rosen, Editor-in-Chief, United Nations Development Programme Edgardo Gomez, Marine Science since July 1999 Roberto Lenton, Charles McNeil, Institute, University of the Philippines Leslie Roberts, Editor-in-Chief, Ralph Schmidt, Susan Becker, Kathleen Sullivan Sealey, Department of before July 1999 Kristen Lewis Biology, University of Miami Gregory Mock, Senior Editor United Nations Environment Programme Ecologists/Generalists Wendy Vanasselt, Associate Editor Dan Claasen, Ashbindu Singh, Serge Antoine, Comité 21, France Janet Overton, Managing Editor Anna Stabrawa, Marion Cheatle Munyaradzi Chenje, Director, Lori Han, Production Coordinator World Bank Environment Resource Centre for Amy Wagener, Research Assistant Robert Watson, John Dixon, Southern Africa, Zimbabwe Rich Barnett, Outreach and Kirk Hamilton, Stefano Pagiola Madhav Gadgil, Centre for Ecological Marketing Director Sciences, Indian Institute of Science SENIOR ADVISORS Hiroyuki Ishi, Graduate School of Data and Maps Agriculture Frontier Science, University of Tokyo Dan Tunstall, Information Director Mary Tiffen, Drylands Research, Eugene Linden, Contributor, Robin White, Data Tables Manager United Kingdom Time Magazine Christian Ottke, Associate Biodiversity