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Novel Species of Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceae

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Novel Species of Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceae Persoonia 23, 2009: 119–146 www.persoonia.org RESEARCH ARTICLE doi:10.3767/003158509X479531 Novel species of Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceae P.W. Crous1, B.A. Summerell2, A.J. Carnegie3, M.J. Wingfield4, J.Z. Groenewald1 Key words Abstract Recent phylogenetic studies based on multi-gene data have provided compelling evidence that the Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceae represent numerous genera, many of which can be distinguished Mycosphaerella based on their anamorph morphology. The present study represents the second contribution in a series describing Penidiella several novel species in different capnodealean genera defined in a previous study. Novelties on Eucalyptus from Phaeophleospora Australia include: Penidiella pseudotasmaniensis, P. tenuiramis, Phaeothecoidea intermedia, P. minutispora, Pseu­ Phaeothecoidea docercospora tereticornis, Readeriella angustia, R. eucalyptigena, R. menaiensis, R. pseudocallista, R. tasmanica, Pseudocercospora Teratosphaeria alboconidia, T. complicata, T. majorizuluensis, T. miniata, T. profusa, Zasmidium aerohyalinosporum Readeriella and Z. nabiacense, while Teratosphaeria xenocryptica is described on Eucalyptus from Chile. Novelties on other hosts Teratosphaeria include Phaeophleospora eugeniicola on Eugenia from Brazil, and Zasmidium nocoxi on twig litter from the USA. Zasmidium Article info Received: 4 June 2009; Accepted: 26 July 2009; Published: 29 October 2009. INTRODUCTION nine genera were defined in the Teratosphaeriaceae, namely Baudoinia, Capnobotryella, Catenulostroma, Devriesia, Peni­ The genus Mycosphaerella s.l. includes around 3 000 names diella, Phaeothecoidea, Readeriella, Staninwardia and Terato­ (Aptroot 2006), and together with its associated anamorph sphaeria. genera (especially Cercospora, Pseudocercospora, Septoria, The aim of this study was to apply the generic concepts estab- Ramularia, etc.) represents more than 10 000 species names lished in Crous et al. (2009b) for novel species collected from (Crous et al. 2000, 2001, 2004a, b, 2006a–c, 2007a–c, 2008a, various substrates. Thus species descriptions are linked to b, Crous & Braun 2003, Arzanlou et al. 2007, 2008). Although genera represented by phylogenetically defined clades (Crous Crous (1998) postulated that Mycosphaerella is polyphyletic, et al. 2009b), irrespective if the name applies to a sexual or initial phylogenetic trees based on ITS DNA sequence data asexual morph. The oldest generic name is given priority for suggested the contrary (Crous et al. 1999, 2000, 2001, Stewart each respective clade, with teleomorph species epithets hav- et al. 1999, Goodwin et al. 2001). However, adding additional ing priority over anamorph epithets if both are known for the loci later showed that Mycosphaerella is polyphyletic (Hunter et same holomorph. al. 2006, Crous et al. 2007a, b). Groups that have subsequently been separated from Mycosphaerella s.l. include Davidiella Materials AND METHODS species with Cladosporium anamorphs (Davidiellaceae) (Braun et al. 2003, Crous et al. 2007b, Schubert et al. 2007, Zalar Isolates et al. 2007, Dugan et al. 2008), and Schizothyrium species with Zygophiala anamorphs (Schizothyriaceae) (Batzer et al. Leaves with typical ‘Mycosphaerella’ leaf spots were chosen for study. Excised lesions were soaked in water for approximately 2008). 2 h, after which they were placed in the bottom of Petri dish In a recent study that considered generic boundaries in the lids, with the top half of the dish containing 2 % malt extract Teratosphaeriaceae and Mycosphaerellaceae (Capnodiales, agar (MEA; Oxoid, Hampshire, England) (Crous et al. 1991). Dothideomycetes; Schoch et al. 2006), Crous et al. (2009b) Ascospore germination patterns were examined after 24 h, and suggested to use a single generic name per phylogenetically single ascospore and conidial cultures established as described defined genus of fungi. In spite of the fact that not all clades by Crous (1998). Colonies were sub-cultured onto 2 % potato- could be defined, 12 genera were circumscribed in the Myco­ dextrose agar (PDA), synthetic nutrient-poor agar (SNA), MEA, sphaerellaceae, representing Cercospora, Cercosporella, Dothi­ and oatmeal agar (OA) (Crous et al. 2009c), and incubated stroma, Lecanosticta, Phaeophleospora, Polythrincium, Pseudo­ under continuous near-ultraviolet light at 25 °C to promote cercospora, Ramularia, Ramulispora, Septoria, Sonderhenia sporulation. All cultures obtained in this study are maintained and Zasmidium. The genera Ramichloridium and Dissoconium in the culture collection of the CBS (Table 1). Nomenclatural were excluded from the Mycosphaerellaceae, and shown to novelties and descriptions were deposited in MycoBank (www. represent an undefined family (Crous et al. in prep.). A further MycoBank.org; Crous et al. 2004a). DNA phylogeny 1 CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; corresponding author e-mail: [email protected]. Genomic DNA was extracted from mycelia taken from fungal 2 Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs. Macquaries Road, Sydney, colonies on MEA using the UltraCleanTM Microbial DNA Isola- NSW 2000, Australia. tion Kit (Mo Bio Laboratories, Inc., Solana Beach, CA, USA). A 3 Forest Resources Research, NSW Department of Primary Industries, P.O. part of the nuclear rDNA operon spanning the 3’ end of the 18S Box 100, Beecroft, New South Wales 2119, Australia. 4 Department of Genetics, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute rRNA gene (SSU), the first internal transcribed spacer (ITS1), (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa. the 5.8S rRNA gene, the second ITS region (ITS2) and the first © 2009 Nationaal Herbarium Nederland & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures You are free to share - to copy, distribute and transmit the work, under the following conditions: Attribution: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Non-commercial: You may not use this work for commercial purposes. No derivative works: You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work, which can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/legalcode. Any of the above conditions can be waived if you get permission from the copyright holder. Nothing in this license impairs or restricts the author’s moral rights. 120 Persoonia – Volume 23, 2009 2 3 GQ852769 GQ852770 GQ852771 GQ852774 FJ493197 GQ852790 GQ852742 GQ852744 GQ852746 GQ852747 GQ852751 GQ852752 GQ852753 GQ852756 GQ852761 GQ852764 GQ852766 GQ852767 GQ852778 GQ852781 FJ493192 GQ852784 GQ852791 GQ852741 GQ852743 GQ852750 GQ852760 GQ852763 GQ852765 GQ852772 GQ852773 GQ852775 GQ852777 GQ852782 GQ852783 GQ852785 GQ852786 GQ852787 GQ852788 GQ852789 GQ852792 GQ852738 GQ852745 GQ852748 GQ852749 GQ852754 GQ852755 GQ852757 GQ852758 GQ852759 GQ852762 GQ852768 GQ852776 GQ852779 GQ852780 GQ852740 GQ852739 GenBank number (ITS) A.J. Carnegie Crous & B.A. Summerell P.W. Crous & B.A. Summerell P.W. A. Summerell Summerell & B.A. Summerell, P. B.A. Summerell B.A. Summerell Collector P.W. Crous P.W. M.J. Wingfield M.J. Wingfield Crous P.W. – – – Hill C.F. Crous P.W. S. Denman H.D. Shin – B.A. Summerell Crous P.W. R. Park R. Park B.A. Summerell B.A. Summerell Himaman W. B.A. Summerell B.A. Summerell S. Denman Himaman W. B.A. Summerell B.A. Summerell B.A. Summerell B.A. Summerell B.A. Summerell B.A. Summerell B.A. Summerell B.A. Summerell Summerell & B.A. P. B.A. Summerell B.A. Summerell B.A. Summerell I.W. Smith I.W. A.J. Carnegie Smith I.W. Smith I.W. B.A. Summerell B.A. Summerell Smith I.W. C. Mohammed A.J.L. Phillips Crous P.W. A.J. Carnegie B.A. Summerell B.A. Summerell B.A. Summerell A.J. Carnegie A.J. Carnegie Australia Australia Australia Tasmania Australia Australia Country Australia Colombia Colombia Australia – – – New Zealand Portugal USA:California South Korea Madagascar Australia Portugal Australia Australia Australia Australia Thailand Tasmania Australia United Kingdom Thailand Tasmania Tasmania Tasmania Australia Australia Australia Tasmania Australia Tasmania Australia Tasmania Australia Australia Australia Australia Australia Australia Australia Australia Australia Portugal Africa South Australia Australia Australia Australia Australia Australia miniata " argophloia Eucalyptus globulus molucana camaldulensis dunnii globulus globulus tenuiramis globulus globulus globulus nitens globulus deonei punctata glanscens camaldulensis nitens tereticornis tereticornis tereticornis delegatensis delegatensis regnans delegatensis sclerophylla deanei cannonii multicaulis dives oblonga delegatensis oblonga amygdalina prominula delegatensis miniata stellatata sp. sp. sp. sp. sp. sp. sp. sp. sp. sp. sp. sp. sp. " Host Eucalyptus Corymbia variegata Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Pseudotsuga menziesii Pseudotsuga menziesii Pseudotsuga menziesii Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Fraxinus rhynchophylla Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Leaf
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