DOCSLIB.ORG

AR TICLE Additions to the Mycosphaerella Complex

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

GRLLPDIXQJXV IMA FUNGUS · VOLUME 2 · NO 1: 49–64 Additions to the Mycosphaerella complex ARTICLE 3HGUR:&URXV1.D]XDNL7DQDND%UHWW$6XPPHUHOODQG-RKDQQHV=*URHQHZDOG1 1&%6.1$:)XQJDO%LRGLYHUVLW\&HQWUH8SSVDODODDQ&78WUHFKW7KH1HWKHUODQGVFRUUHVSRQGLQJDXWKRUHPDLOSFURXV#FEVNQDZQO )DFXOW\RI$JULFXOWXUH /LIH6FLHQFHV+LURVDNL8QLYHUVLW\%XQN\RFKR+LURVDNL$RPRUL-DSDQ 5R\DO%RWDQLF*DUGHQVDQG'RPDLQ7UXVW0UV0DFTXDULHV5RDG6\GQH\16:$XVWUDOLD Abstract: Species in the present study were compared based on their morphology, growth characteristics in culture, Key words: DQG '1$ VHTXHQFHV RI WKH QXFOHDU ULERVRPDO 51$ JHQH RSHURQ LQFOXGLQJ ,76 ,76 6 QU'1$ DQG WKH ¿UVW Anthracostroma ESRIWKH6QU'1$ IRUDOOVSHFLHVDQGSDUWLDODFWLQDQGWUDQVODWLRQHORQJDWLRQIDFWRUDOSKDJHQHVHTXHQFHV Camarosporula for Cladosporium VSHFLHV 1HZ VSHFLHV RI Mycosphaerella Mycosphaerellaceae LQWURGXFHG LQ WKLV VWXG\ LQFOXGH Cladosporium M. cerastiicola RQCerastium semidecandrum7KH1HWKHUODQGV DQGM. etlingerae RQEtlingera elatior+DZDLL Mycosphaerella Mycosphaerella holualoana is newly reported on Hedychium coronarium +DZDLL (SLW\SHVDUHDOVRGHVLJQDWHGIRU phylogeny Hendersonia persooniae, the basionym of Camarosporula persooniae, and for Sphaerella agapanthi, the basionym Sphaerulina of Teratosphaeria agapanthi FRPE QRY Teratosphaeriaceae RQ Agapathus umbellatus IURP 6RXWK $IULFD 7KH taxonomy latter pathogen is also newly recorded from A. umbellatusLQ(XURSH 3RUWXJDO )XUWKHUPRUHWZRVH[XDOVSHFLHVRI Teratosphaeria Cladosporium Davidiellaceae DUHGHVFULEHGQDPHO\C. grevilleae RQGrevilleaVS$XVWUDOLD DQGC. silenes RQ Silene maritima8. )LQDOO\WKHSK\ORJHQHWLFSRVLWLRQRIWZRJHQHUDDUHQHZO\FRQ¿UPHGQDPHO\Camarosporula EDVHGRQC. persooniae, teleomorph Anthracostroma persooniae ZKLFKLVDOHDISDWKRJHQRIPersooniaVSSLQ Australia, belongs to the Teratosphaeriaceae, and Sphaerulina EDVHGRQS. myriadea ZKLFKRFFXUVRQOHDYHVRI Fagaceae Carpinus, Castanopsis, Fagus, Quercus DQGEHORQJVWRWKHMycosphaerellaceae Article info:6XEPLWWHG$SULO$FFHSWHG$SULO3XEOLVKHG0D\ INTRODUCTION RUEOHPLVKHVVSRWVDQGVSHFNV %DW]HUet al One of the largest barriers to understanding host The genus Mycosphaerella has in the past been recognised VSHFL¿FLW\ DQG VSHFLDWLRQ LQ WKLV JURXS RI RUJDQLVPV KDV as one of the largest genera of ascomycetes, containing been the relative unavailability of authentic cultures, as most DSSUR[ VSHFLHV $SWURRW DV ZHOO DV VHYHUDO of the species known to date, have been described without WKRXVDQGDVH[XDOVSHFLHV &URXVet al. EF WKHGHSRVLWRIDVVRFLDWHGH[W\SHFXOWXUHVRU'1$7KHUHVXOW E&URXV %UDXQ $OWKRXJKMycosphaerella is that the ecological behaviour of many species remains KDVEHHQOLQNHGWRPDQ\GLIIHUHQWDQDPRUSKJHQHUD &URXV REVFXUH &URXV *URHQHZDOG ZKLOHWKHSK\ORJHQHWLF %UDXQ&URXVet al UHFHQWSK\ORJHQHWLFVWXGLHV position of many other pathogens and genera remains have shown that Mycosphaerella is actually polyphyletic XQFHUWDLQ 'XULQJ WKH FRXUVH RI WKH SUHVHQW VWXG\ VHYHUDO &URXVet al.D ZLWKPHPEHUVEHORQJLQJWRPDQ\ potentially novel Mycosphaerella and Mycosphaerella-like different genera, and even families, such as the Davidiellaceae species were collected, while potential epitype specimens %UDXQet al.6FKRFKet al Teratosphaeriaceae ZHUH DOVR FROOHFWHG IRU ROGHU ZHOOHVWDEOLVKHG QDPHV 7KH &URXV et al. Dissoconiaceae &URXV et al. E aim of this study was thus to describe these species, and Mycosphaerellaceae and Schizothyriaceae $SWURRW also elucidate the phylogenetic relationship of genera such %DW]HUet al.&URXV as Camarosporula WHOHRPRUSK Anthracostroma DQG Members of the Mycosphaerella-complex are ecologically Sphaerulina within the Capnodiales highly adaptable, and vary from being saprobic to fungicolous &URXV Mycosphaerella species are also among the most common and destructive plant pathogens known, MATERIALS AND METHODS causing serious diseases on many economically important FURSV )DUUet al&URXV %UDXQ 6SHFLHVDUH Isolates mainly foliicolous, although some are associated with stem /HDI DQG VWHP WLVVXH EHDULQJ DVFRPDWD ZHUH VRDNHG LQ FDQNHUV &RUWLQDVet al IUXLWOHVLRQV 3UHWRULXVet al ZDWHU IRU DSSUR[LPDWHO\ K DIWHU ZKLFK WKH\ ZHUH SODFHG © 2011 International Mycological Association You are free to share - to copy, distribute and transmit the work, under the following conditions: Attribution: <RXPXVWDWWULEXWHWKHZRUNLQWKHPDQQHUVSHFL¿HGE\WKHDXWKRURUOLFHQVRU EXWQRWLQDQ\ZD\WKDWVXJJHVWVWKDWWKH\HQGRUVH\RXRU\RXUXVHRIWKHZRUN Non-commercial: <RXPD\QRWXVHWKLVZRUNIRUFRPPHUFLDOSXUSRVHV No derivative works: <RXPD\QRWDOWHUWUDQVIRUPRUEXLOGXSRQWKLVZRUN For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work, which can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/legalcode. Any of the above conditions can be waived if you get permission from the copyright holder. Nothing in this license impairs or restricts the author’s moral rights. VOLUME 2 · NO. 1 49 50 ARTICLE Table 1. &ROOHFWLRQGHWDLOVDQG*HQ%DQNDFFHVVLRQQXPEHUVRILVRODWHVIRUZKLFKQRYHOVHTXHQFHVZHUHJHQHUDWHGLQWKLVVWXG\ Species Strain no.1 Substrate Country Collector(s) GenBank Accession number (ITS, LSU, TEF, ACT)2 Camarosporula persooniae &%6 &3& /HDIVSRWVRQPersoonia VS Australia 3:&URXV %$6XPPHUHOO -)-)²² &%6 &3& /HDIVSRWVRQPersoonia VS Australia 3:&URXV %$6XPPHUHOO -)-)²² &%6 &3& /HDIVSRWVRQPersoonia VS Australia 3:&URXV %$6XPPHUHOO -)-)²² Cladosporium grevilleae &%6 &3& /HDYHVRIGrevilleaVS Australia 3:&URXV %$6XPPHUHOO -)-)-)-) Cladosporium silenes &%6 Stems of exposed Silene maritima 8. $$SWURRW ()-)()() Mycosphaerella cerastiicola &%6 &3& Dead leaves and stems of Cerastium 1HWKHUODQGV $$SWURRW -)-)²² semidecandrum Mycosphaerella etlingerae &%6 &3& Dead leaves of Etlingera elatior Hawaii :*DPV -)-)²² &3& Dead leaves of Etlingera elatior Hawaii :*DPV -)-)²² Mycosphaerella holualoana &%6 &3& Dead leaves of Hedychium coronarium Hawaii :*DPV -)-)²² Sphaerulina myriadea &%6 -&0 /HDYHVRIQuercus dentata Japan .7DQDND -)-)²² Teratosphaeria agapanthi &%6 &3& /HDIVSRWVRQAgapanthus umbellatus 3RUWXJDO 3:&URXV -)-)²² &%6 &3& /HDIVSRWVRQAgapanthus umbellatus South Africa 3:&URXV -)-)²² &3& /HDIVSRWVRQAgapanthus umbellatus South Africa 3:&URXV -)-)²² Crous 1&%6&%6.1$:)XQJDO%LRGLYHUVLW\&HQWUH8WUHFKW7KH1HWKHUODQGV&3&&XOWXUHFROOHFWLRQRI3HGUR&URXVKRXVHGDW&%6 ,76,QWHUQDOWUDQVFULEHGVSDFHUVDQGWRJHWKHUZLWK6QU'1$/68SDUWLDO6QU'1$7()SDUWLDOWUDQVODWLRQHORQJDWLRQIDFWRUDOSKDJHQH$&7SDUWLDODFWLQJHQH et al . î3&5EXIIHUP00J&O /VROXWLRQFRQWDLQLQJ±QJRIWHPSODWH'1$ %LRV\VWHPV)RVWHU&LW\&$86$ LQDWRWDOYROXPHRI SHUIRUPHGRQD*HQH$PS3&56\VWHP $SSOLHG DQG() 2¶'RQQHOO XVLQJWKHSULPHUV()) &DUERQH .RKQ of thetranslationelongationfactor1- &DUERQH .RKQ 7KH3&5DPSOL¿FDWLRQVZHUH $&7 XVLQJ WKH SULPHUV $&7) DQG $&75 ,76UHJLRQZDVVXSSOHPHQWHGZLWKSDUWLDOVHTXHQFHV DPSOLFRQ7RKHOSUHVROYHVSHFLHVRI JRRG TXDOLW\ VHTXHQFHV RYHU WKH HQWLUH OHQJWK RI WKH ZHUH XVHG DV LQWHUQDO VHTXHQFH SULPHUV WR HQVXUH :KLWH ¶HQGRIWKH6QU51$JHQH /68 7KHSULPHUV,76 6QU51$JHQHWKHVHFRQG,76UHJLRQ ,76 DQGWKH RI&IRUPLQIROORZHGE\F\FOHVRIGHQDWXUDWLRQ were setasfollows:aninitialdenaturationtemperature 668 WKH¿UVWLQWHUQDOWUDQVFULEHGVSDFHU ,76 WKH WKHDPSOL¿FDWLRQUHDFWLRQ3&5DPSOL¿FDWLRQFRQGLWLRQV RSHURQ VSDQQLQJ WKH ¶ HQG RI WKH 6 QU51$ JHQH ZHUHXVHGWRDPSOLI\SDUWRIWKHQXFOHDUU'1$ *HUULWVYDQGHQ(QGH DQG/5 9LOJDO\V +HVWHU UHVXOWLQJ DPSOLFRQV ZHUH VHTXHQFHG XVLQJ WKH 3&5 0($ &URXV &RORQLHV ZHUH VXEFXOWXUHG RQWR microfungi, andsingleconidialcoloniesestablishedon PRLVWFKDPEHUVIRUXSWRZNDQGLQVSHFWHGGDLO\IRU isolate asexualfungi,hosttissueswereincubatedin WHPSHUDWXUHRI&IRUVSULPHUDQQHDOLQJDW& ()Į/GLPHWK\OVXOIR[LGH '062 ZDVDGGHGWR SULPHUV DQG D %LJ'\H 7HUPLQDWRU &\FOH 6HTXHQFLQJ SRRU DJDU 61$ 0($ SRWDWRGH[WURVH DQG DJDU 3'$ RDWPHDO V\QWKHWLF QXWULHQW DJDU 2$ GHVFULEHGHDUOLHU &URXV single ascosporeandconidialculturesestablishedas JHUPLQDWLRQ SDWWHUQV ZHUH H[DPLQHG DIWHU K DQG +DPSVKLUH 8. &URXV 6RODQD%HDFK&$86$ 7KH3ULPHUV9* GH+RRJ VDQGD¿QDOH[WHQVLRQVWHSDW&IRUPLQ7KH &IRU()Į IRUVSULPHUH[WHQVLRQDW&IRU '1$SRO\PHUDVH %LROLQH/XFNHQZDOGH*HUPDQ\ )RU colonies cultivated on MEA usingtheUltraClean colonies cultivatedonMEA GLVK FRQWDLQLQJ PDOW H[WUDFW DJDU 0($ 2[RLG 0RIHDFKG173 0IRU()Į DQG8 0LFURELDO '1$ ,VRODWLRQ .LW 0R %LR /DERUDWRULHV *HQRPLF '1$ ZDV H[WUDFWHG IURP P\FHOLD RI IXQJDO phylogeny DNA GHSRVLWHG LQ 0\FR%DQN ZZZ0\FR%DQNRUJ &URXV 1RPHQFODWXUDO QRYHOWLHVQHDUXOWUDYLROHWOLJKWDW&WRSURPRWHVSRUXODWLRQ DQG GHVFULSWLRQV &URXV ZHUH LQWKHERWWRPRI3HWULGLVKOLGVZLWKWKHWRSKDOIRIWKH et al. FROOHFWLRQ &3& RI3:&URXVLQ&%6 7DEOH YRRU6FKLPPHOFXOWXUHV &%6.1$: DQGWKHZRUNLQJ maintained intheopencollectionofCentraalbureau D $OO FXOWXUHV REWDLQHG LQ WKLV VWXG\ DUH et al. et al F DQGLQFXEDWHGXQGHUFRQWLQXRXV DQG/68)G &URXV et al. et al DQGWKHDFWLQJHQH et al. SPROIRUHDFKSULPHU &URXV 7R F $VFRVSRUH Cladosporium _ JHQH () et al IMA FUNGUS E , the Taq _ TM Additions to the Mycosphaerella complex .LWY $SSOLHG%LRV\VWHPV DQGDQDO\VHGRQDQ$%,3ULVP XVHG LQ WKH SK\ORJHQHWLF DQDO\VLV ZHUH SDUVLPRQ\ ARTICLE [O'1$6HTXHQFHU 3HUNLQ(OPHU1RUZDON&186$ LQIRUPDWLYHZHUHYDULDEOHDQGSDUVLPRQ\XQLQIRUPDWLYH 7KH JHQHUDWHG VHTXHQFHV ZHUH FRPSDUHG ZLWK RWKHU DQGZHUHFRQVWDQW1HLJKERXUMRLQLQJDQDO\VLVXVLQJWKH IXQJDO '1$ VHTXHQFHV IURP 1&%,¶V *HQ%DQN VHTXHQFH WKUHHVXEVWLWXWLRQPRGHOVRQWKHVHTXHQFHGDWD\LHOGHGWUHHV GDWDEDVH XVLQJ D PHJDEODVW VHDUFK VHTXHQFHV ZLWK KLJK ZLWKVLPLODUWRSRORJ\DQGERRWVWUDSVXSSRUWYDOXHV7ZHQW\ VLPLODULW\ZHUHDGGHGWRWKHDOLJQPHQW /68 RUGLVFXVVHGLQ ¿YHHTXDOO\PRVWSDUVLPRQLRXVWUHHVZHUHREWDLQHGIURPWKH WKHVSHFLHVQRWHVZKHUHDSSOLFDEOH ,76()ĮDQG$&7 KHXULVWLFVHDUFKWKH¿UVWRIZKLFKLVVKRZQLQ)LJ 7/ 7KHDGGLWLRQDO*HQ%DQNVHTXHQFHVZHUHPDQXDOO\DOLJQHG &, 5, 5& 7KHSK\ORJHQHWLF
Recommended publications
  • Castanedospora, a New Genus to Accommodate Sporidesmium

    Castanedospora, a New Genus to Accommodate Sporidesmium

    Cryptogamie, Mycologie, 2018, 39 (1): 109-127 © 2018 Adac. Tous droits réservés South Florida microfungi: Castanedospora,anew genus to accommodate Sporidesmium pachyanthicola (Capnodiales, Ascomycota) Gregorio DELGADO a,b*, Andrew N. MILLER c & Meike PIEPENBRING b aEMLab P&K Houston, 10900 BrittmoorePark Drive Suite G, Houston, TX 77041, USA bDepartment of Mycology,Institute of Ecology,Evolution and Diversity, Goethe UniversitätFrankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str.13, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany cIllinois Natural History Survey,University of Illinois, 1816 South Oak Street, Champaign, IL 61820, USA Abstract – The taxonomic status and phylogenetic placement of Sporidesmium pachyanthicola in Capnodiales(Dothideomycetes) are revisited based on aspecimen collected on the petiole of adead leaf of Sabal palmetto in south Florida, U.S.A. New evidence inferred from phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ribosomal DNA sequence data together with abroad taxon sampling at family level suggest that the fungus is amember of Extremaceaeand therefore its previous placement within the broadly defined Teratosphaeriaceae was not supported. Anew genus Castanedospora is introduced to accommodate this species on the basis of its distinct morphology and phylogenetic position distant from Sporidesmiaceae sensu stricto in Sordariomycetes. The holotype material from Cuba was found to be exhausted and the Florida specimen, which agrees well with the original description, is selected as epitype. The fungus produced considerably long cylindrical to narrowly obclavate conidia
  • Based on a Newly-Discovered Species

    Based on a Newly-Discovered Species

    A peer-reviewed open-access journal MycoKeys 76: 1–16 (2020) doi: 10.3897/mycokeys.76.58628 RESEARCH ARTICLE https://mycokeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research The insights into the evolutionary history of Translucidithyrium: based on a newly-discovered species Xinhao Li1, Hai-Xia Wu1, Jinchen Li1, Hang Chen1, Wei Wang1 1 International Fungal Research and Development Centre, The Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming 650224, China Corresponding author: Hai-Xia Wu ([email protected], [email protected]) Academic editor: N. Wijayawardene | Received 15 September 2020 | Accepted 25 November 2020 | Published 17 December 2020 Citation: Li X, Wu H-X, Li J, Chen H, Wang W (2020) The insights into the evolutionary history of Translucidithyrium: based on a newly-discovered species. MycoKeys 76: 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.76.58628 Abstract During the field studies, aTranslucidithyrium -like taxon was collected in Xishuangbanna of Yunnan Province, during an investigation into the diversity of microfungi in the southwest of China. Morpho- logical observations and phylogenetic analysis of combined LSU and ITS sequences revealed that the new taxon is a member of the genus Translucidithyrium and it is distinct from other species. Therefore, Translucidithyrium chinense sp. nov. is introduced here. The Maximum Clade Credibility (MCC) tree from LSU rDNA of Translucidithyrium and related species indicated the divergence time of existing and new species of Translucidithyrium was crown age at 16 (4–33) Mya. Combining the estimated diver- gence time, paleoecology and plate tectonic movements with the corresponding geological time scale, we proposed a hypothesis that the speciation (estimated divergence time) of T.
  • Horizontal Gene Transfer and Gene Dosage Drives Adaptation to Wood Colonization in a Tree Pathogen

    Horizontal Gene Transfer and Gene Dosage Drives Adaptation to Wood Colonization in a Tree Pathogen

    Horizontal gene transfer and gene dosage drives adaptation to wood colonization in a tree pathogen Braham Dhillona,1, Nicolas Feaua,1,2, Andrea L. Aertsb, Stéphanie Beauseiglea, Louis Bernierc, Alex Copelandb, Adam Fosterd, Navdeep Gille, Bernard Henrissatf,g, Padmini Heratha, Kurt M. LaButtib, Anthony Levasseurh, Erika A. Lindquistb, Eline Majoori,j, Robin A. Ohmb, Jasmyn L. Pangilinanb, Amadeus Pribowok, John N. Saddlerk, Monique L. Sakalidisa, Ronald P. de Vriesi,j, Igor V. Grigorievb, Stephen B. Goodwinl, Philippe Tanguayd, and Richard C. Hamelina,d,2 aDepartment of Forest and Conservation Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4; bUS Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA 94598; cCentre d’Étude de la Forêt, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6; dNatural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 4C7; eDepartment of Botany, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4; fUMR 7257 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Aix-Marseille University, 13288 Marseille, France; gDepartment of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; hUnité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France; iFungal Physiology, Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures–Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences Fungal Biodiversity Centre (CBS-KNAW), 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands; jFungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands; kForest Products Biotechnology and Bioenergy, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4; and lUS Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service Crop Production and Pest Control Research Unit, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2054 Edited by Ronald R.
  • Persoonia Levis Broad-Leaved Geebung

    Persoonia Levis Broad-Leaved Geebung

    Persoonia levis Broad-leaved Geebung Geebung is an unusual name derived from Aboriginal languages: geebung is the name used by the Dharuk in the Sydney Region, and Jibbong by the Wiradjuri1. The genus name Persoonia, to our ears, is also unusual until you find out that it is named after a Dutch mycologist (someone who studies fungi), Christiaan Hendrik Persoon. Geebungs are endemic to Australia and there are almost 100 species which, for the most part, are found in eastern Australia, and in the SW corner of Western Australia. They are mostly small trees or shrubs. This particular species, Persoonia levis, common in Sydney bushland, grows along the central and north coast of NSW, and in the SE corner of NSW and NE corner of Victoria. We are accustomed to the subtle olives, blues, greys and yellowish greens of the foliage of the Australian bush but the Broad-leaved Geebung is quite a contrast with bright, apple green foliage. The fruits, too, are unusual, round and succulent, bright green colouring to purple, very different from the dry, hard fruits of other genera in the same (Proteaceae) family, for example, Needle Bush (Hakea), Telopea (Waratah), Grevillea and Woodly Pear (Xylomelum). Geebungs are also unusual in that they have seven chromosomes that are much larger than those of other Proteaceae2. Broad-leaved Geebung has papery bark that provides some protection from bushfires. Peel back the superficial burnt bark and you will find glorious, rich crimson beneath the blackened exterior. This species also has the potential to resprout after fires, and regenerate from seed.
  • Table of Contents Below) with Family Name Provided

    Table of Contents Below) with Family Name Provided

    1 Australian Plants Society Plant Table Profiles – Sutherland Group (updated August 2021) Below is a progressive list of all cultivated plants from members’ gardens and Joseph Banks Native Plants Reserve that have made an appearance on the Plant Table at Sutherland Group meetings. Links to websites are provided for the plants so that further research can be done. Plants are grouped in the categories of: Trees and large shrubs (woody plants generally taller than 4 m) Medium to small shrubs (woody plants from 0.1 to 4 m) Ground covers or ground-dwelling (Grasses, orchids, herbaceous and soft-wooded plants, ferns etc), as well as epiphytes (eg: Platycerium) Vines and scramblers Plants are in alphabetical order by botanic names within plants categories (see table of contents below) with family name provided. Common names are included where there is a known common name for the plant: Table of Contents Trees and Large shrubs........................................................................................................................... 2 Medium to small shrubs ...................................................................................................................... 23 Groundcovers and other ground‐dwelling plants as well as epiphytes. ............................................ 64 Vines and Scramblers ........................................................................................................................... 86 Sutherland Group http://sutherland.austplants.com.au 2 Trees and Large shrubs Acacia decurrens
  • Teratosphaeria Nubilosa, a Serious Leaf Disease Pathogen of Eucalyptus Spp

    Teratosphaeria Nubilosa, a Serious Leaf Disease Pathogen of Eucalyptus Spp

    MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY (2009) 10(1), 1–14 DOI: 10.1111/J.1364-3703.2008.00516.X PathogenBlackwell Publishing Ltd profile Teratosphaeria nubilosa, a serious leaf disease pathogen of Eucalyptus spp. in native and introduced areas GAVIN C. HUNTER1,2,*, PEDRO W. CROUS1,2, ANGUS J. CARNEGIE3 AND MICHAEL J. WINGFIELD2 1CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre, PO Box 85167, 3508 AD, Utrecht, the Netherlands 2Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, Gauteng, South Africa 3Forest Resources Research, NSW Department of Primary Industries, PO Box 100, Beecroft 2119, NSW, Australia Useful websites: Mycobank, http://www.mycobank.org; SUMMARY Mycosphaerella identification website, http://www.cbs.knaw.nl/ Background: Teratosphaeria nubilosa is a serious leaf pathogen mycosphaerella/BioloMICS.aspx of several Eucalyptus spp. This review considers the taxonomic history, epidemiology, host associations and molecular biology of T. nubilosa. Taxonomy: Kingdom Fungi; Phylum Ascomycota; Class INTRODUCTION Dothideomycetes; Order Capnodiales; Family Teratosphaeriaceae; genus Teratosphaeria; species nubilosa. Many species of the ascomycete genera Mycosphaerella and Teratosphaeria infect leaves of Eucalyptus spp., where they cause Identification: Pseudothecia hypophyllous, less so amphig- a disease broadly referred to as Mycosphaerella leaf disease enous, ascomata black, globose becoming erumpent, asci apara- (MLD) (Burgess et al., 2007; Carnegie et al., 2007; Crous, 1998; physate, fasciculate, bitunicate, obovoid to ellipsoid, straight or Crous et al., 2004a, 2006b, 2007a,b). The predominant symptoms incurved, eight-spored, ascospores hyaline, non-guttulate, thin of MLD are leaf spots on the abaxial and/or adaxial leaf surfaces walled, straight to slightly curved, obovoid with obtuse ends, that vary in size, shape and colour (Crous, 1998).
  • An Abstract of the Dissertation Of

    An Abstract of the Dissertation Of

    AN ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION OF Edward Gilman Barge for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Botany and Plant Pathology presented on December 13, 2019. Title: Structure and Function of Foliar Fungal Communities of Populus trichocarpa Across its Native Range, Pacific Northwest, USA. Abstract approved: ______________________________________________________ Posy E. Busby Foliar fungi – pathogens, endophytes, epiphytes – form taxonomically diverse communities that affect plant health and productivity. The composition of foliar fungal communities is variable at spatial scales both small (e.g., individual plants) and large (e.g., continents). However, few studies have focused on how environmental factors and host plant traits influence the composition and temporal variability of these communities. Moreover, predicting how nonpathogenic members of these communities affect the plant host remains a challenge. In Chapter two we used ITS metabarcoding to characterize foliar fungal communities of Populus trichocarpa in two consecutive years at the same sites located across its native range in the Pacific Northwest of North America. We used multivariate analyses to test for and differentiate spatial and environmental factors affecting community composition, and tested whether the magnitude of year-to-year variation in community composition varied among environments. We found that climate explained more variation in community composition than geographic distance, although the majority of variation was shared, and that the year-to-year variability of communities depended on the environmental context, with greater variability in the drier sites located east of the Cascade Range. In Chapter three we used ITS metabarcoding and multivariate analyses to test whether the influence of intraspecific host genetic variation on the foliar fungal community diminished over the course of one growing season.
  • Needle Fungi in Young Tasmanian Pinus Radiata Plantations in Relation to Elevation and Rainfall Istiana Prihatini1,2, Morag Glen1*, Timothy J

    Needle Fungi in Young Tasmanian Pinus Radiata Plantations in Relation to Elevation and Rainfall Istiana Prihatini1,2, Morag Glen1*, Timothy J

    Prihatini et al. New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science (2015) 45:25 DOI 10.1186/s40490-015-0055-6 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Needle fungi in young Tasmanian Pinus radiata plantations in relation to elevation and rainfall Istiana Prihatini1,2, Morag Glen1*, Timothy J. Wardlaw3, David A. Ratkowsky1 and Caroline L. Mohammed1 Abstract Background: Needle fungi in conifers have been extensively studied to explore their diversity, but environmental factors influencing the composition of fungal communities in Pinus radiata D.Don needles have received little attention. This study was conducted to examine the influence of the environment as defined by rainfall, elevation and temperature on the composition of fungal communities in pine needles at an age prior to that at which spring needle cast (SNC) is generally observed. Elucidating the entire fungal community in the needles is a first step towards understanding the cause of the disease. Methods: Needle samples were collected from 5-year-old P. radiata trees, their age predating the onset of SNC, from 12 plantations in Tasmania. Interpolated data for the climate variables, including seasonal components for rainfall and temperature, were obtained from an enhanced climate data bank. Pooled needle samples were examined for the fungi they contained using DNA sequencing of cloned polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products. Clones were grouped into operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and identified to their lowest possible taxonomic level by comparison with reference isolates and public DNA databases. Results: DNA sequencing revealed that needle fungal communities differed greatly, depending upon the total annual rainfall and needle age. Needle fungi that have been previously associated with pathogenic behaviour, such as Cyclaneusma minus, Dothistroma septosporum, Lophodermium pinastri, Strasseria geniculata and Sydowia polyspora, were all found in the needles in this study.
  • Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceae Associated with Eucalyptus Leaf Diseases and Stem Cankers in Uruguay

    Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceae Associated with Eucalyptus Leaf Diseases and Stem Cankers in Uruguay

    For. Path. 39 (2009) 349–360 doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0329.2009.00598.x Ó 2009 Blackwell Verlag GmbH Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceae associated with Eucalyptus leaf diseases and stem cankers in Uruguay By C. A. Pe´rez1,2,5, M. J. Wingfield3, N. A. Altier4 and R. A. Blanchette1 1Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, 495 Borlaug Hall, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108, USA; 2Departamento de Proteccio´ n Vegetal, Universidad de la Repu´ blica, Ruta 3, km 363, Paysandu´ , Uruguay; 3Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; 4Instituto Nacional de Investigacio´ n Agropecuaria (INIA), Ruta 48, km 10, Canelones, Uruguay; 5E-mail: [email protected] (for correspondence) Summary Mycosphaerella leaf diseases represent one of the most important impediments to Eucalyptus plantation forestry. Yet they have been afforded little attention in Uruguay where these trees are an important resource for a growing pulp industry. The objective of this study was to identify species of Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceae resulting from surveys in all major Eucalyptus growing areas of the country. Species identification was based on morphological characteristics and DNA sequence comparisons for the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region of the rDNA operon. A total of ten Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceae were found associated with leaf spots and stem cankers on Eucalyptus. Of these, Mycosphaerella aurantia, M. heimii, M. lateralis, M. scytalidii, Pseudocercos- pora norchiensis, Teratosphaeria ohnowa and T. pluritubularis are newly recorded in Uruguay. This is also the first report of M. aurantia occurring outside of Australia, and the first record of P.
  • Sequencing Abstracts Msa Annual Meeting Berkeley, California 7-11 August 2016

    Sequencing Abstracts Msa Annual Meeting Berkeley, California 7-11 August 2016

    M S A 2 0 1 6 SEQUENCING ABSTRACTS MSA ANNUAL MEETING BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA 7-11 AUGUST 2016 MSA Special Addresses Presidential Address Kerry O’Donnell MSA President 2015–2016 Who do you love? Karling Lecture Arturo Casadevall Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Thoughts on virulence, melanin and the rise of mammals Workshops Nomenclature UNITE Student Workshop on Professional Development Abstracts for Symposia, Contributed formats for downloading and using locally or in a Talks, and Poster Sessions arranged by range of applications (e.g. QIIME, Mothur, SCATA). 4. Analysis tools - UNITE provides variety of analysis last name of primary author. Presenting tools including, for example, massBLASTer for author in *bold. blasting hundreds of sequences in one batch, ITSx for detecting and extracting ITS1 and ITS2 regions of ITS 1. UNITE - Unified system for the DNA based sequences from environmental communities, or fungal species linked to the classification ATOSH for assigning your unknown sequences to *Abarenkov, Kessy (1), Kõljalg, Urmas (1,2), SHs. 5. Custom search functions and unique views to Nilsson, R. Henrik (3), Taylor, Andy F. S. (4), fungal barcode sequences - these include extended Larsson, Karl-Hnerik (5), UNITE Community (6) search filters (e.g. source, locality, habitat, traits) for 1.Natural History Museum, University of Tartu, sequences and SHs, interactive maps and graphs, and Vanemuise 46, Tartu 51014; 2.Institute of Ecology views to the largest unidentified sequence clusters and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Lai 40, Tartu formed by sequences from multiple independent 51005, Estonia; 3.Department of Biological and ecological studies, and for which no metadata Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, currently exists.
  • 1 Research Article 1 2 Fungi 3 Authors: 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

    1 Research Article 1 2 Fungi 3 Authors: 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

    1 Research Article 2 The architecture of metabolism maximizes biosynthetic diversity in the largest class of 3 fungi 4 Authors: 5 Emile Gluck-Thaler, Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA 6 Sajeet Haridas, US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National 7 Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA 8 Manfred Binder, TechBase, R-Tech GmbH, Regensburg, Germany 9 Igor V. Grigoriev, US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National 10 Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA, and Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of 11 California, Berkeley, CA 12 Pedro W. Crous, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The 13 Netherlands 14 Joseph W. Spatafora, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, OR, USA 15 Kathryn Bushley, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, MN, USA 16 Jason C. Slot, Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA 17 corresponding author: [email protected] 18 1 19 Abstract: 20 Background - Ecological diversity in fungi is largely defined by metabolic traits, including the 21 ability to produce secondary or "specialized" metabolites (SMs) that mediate interactions with 22 other organisms. Fungal SM pathways are frequently encoded in biosynthetic gene clusters 23 (BGCs), which facilitate the identification and characterization of metabolic pathways. Variation 24 in BGC composition reflects the diversity of their SM products. Recent studies have documented 25 surprising diversity of BGC repertoires among isolates of the same fungal species, yet little is 26 known about how this population-level variation is inherited across macroevolutionary 27 timescales.
  • Ecology of Proteaceae with Special Reference to the Sydney Region

    Ecology of Proteaceae with Special Reference to the Sydney Region

    951 Ecology of Proteaceae with special reference to the Sydney region P.J. Myerscough, R.J. Whelan and R.A. Bradstock Myerscough, P.J.1, Whelan, R.J.2, and Bradstock, R.A.3 (1Institute of Wildlife Research, School of Biological Sciences (A08), University of Sydney, NSW 2006; 2Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522; 3Biodiversity Research and Management Division, NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service, PO Box 1967, Hurstville, NSW 1481) Ecology of Proteaceae with special reference to the Sydney region. Cunninghamia 6(4): 951–1015. In Australia, the Proteaceae are a diverse group of plants. They inhabit a wide range of environments, many of which are low in plant resources. They support a wide range of animals and other organisms, and show distinctive patterns of distribution in relation to soils, climate and geological history. These patterns of distribution, relationships with nutrients and other resources, interactions with animals and other organisms and dynamics of populations in Proteaceae are addressed in this review, particularly for the Sydney region. The Sydney region, with its wide range of environments, offers great opportunities for testing general questions in the ecology of the Proteaceae. For instance, its climate is not mediterranean, unlike the Cape region of South Africa, south- western and southern Australia, where much of the research on plants of Proteaceae growing in infertile habitats has been done. The diversity and abundance of Proteaceae vary in the Sydney region inversely with fertility of habitats. In the region’s rainforest there are few Proteaceae and their populations are sparse, whereas in heaths in the region, Proteaceae are often diverse and may dominate the canopy.