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FLORA OF KARNATAKA A Checklist Volume ‐1: Algae, Fungi, Lichens, Bryophytes & Pteridophytes. CITATION Karnataka Biodiversity Board, 2019. FLORA OF KARNATAKA, A Checklist. Volume – 1: Algae, Fungi, Lichens, Bryophytes & Pteridophytes . 1-562 (Published by Karnataka Biodiversity Board) Published: December, 2019. ISBN - 978-81-9392280-4 © Karnataka Biodiversity Board, 2019 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED No part of this book, or plates therein, may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher. This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade, be lent, re-sold, hired out or otherwise disposed of without the publisher's consent, in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published. The correct price of this publication is the price printed on this page. Any revised price indicated by a rubber stamp or by a sticker or by any other means is incorrect and should be unacceptable. DISCLAIMER THE CONTENTS INCLUDING TEXT, PLATES AND OTHER INFORMATION GIVEN IN THE BOOK ARE SOLELY THE AUTHOR'S RESPONSIBILITY AND BOARD DOES NOT HOLD ANY LIABILITY. PRICE: ` 1000/- (One thousand rupees only). Printed by : Peacock Advertising India Pvt Ltd. # 158 & 159, 3rd Main, 7th Cross, Chamarajpet, Bengaluru – 560 018 | Ph: 080 - 2662 0566 Web: www.peacockgroup.in Authors 1. Dr. R.K. Gupta, Scientist D, Botanical Survey of India, Central National Herbarium, P O Botanic Garden, Howrah 711103, West Bengal. 2. Dr. J.R. Sharma, Emeritus Scientist, Botanical Survey of India, Northern Regional Centre, 192, Kaulagarh Road, Dehra Dun 248 195, Uttarakhand. 3. Dr. K.P. Singh, Former Scientist G, Botanical Survey of India, Central regional centre, 10, Chatham lines, Allahabad – 211 002, Uttar Pradesh. 4. Dr. D.K. Singh, Former Scientist G, Botanical Survey of India, Flat No. SR 305, Block D, Saraswati Apartment, Sector 4, Gomti Nagar Extension, Lucknow – 226 010, Uttar Pradesh. 5. Dr. P.K. Rajagopal, Professor of Botany (Retd.), Vinayaka House, 2nd Road, 7th Cross, Hayagreeva Nagara, Kunjibettu Post, Udupi – 576 102. Photograph Credits Dr. R.K. Gupta. (Algae) Dr. J.R. Sharma. (Fungi) Mr. B.O. Sharma & A. Pinokiyo. (Lichens) Dr. D.K. Singh. (Bryophytes) Dr. K.G. Bhat. (Pteridophytes) Acknowledgements 1. Sri R.M.N. Sahai, IFS (Retd.), Former Chairman, Karnataka Biodiversity Board for his vision which resulted in this book. 2. Sri R.K. Singh, IFS, APCCF (Working Plan) & Former Member Secretary, Karnataka Biodiversity Board for initiating the work. 3. Dr. M. Sanjappa, INSA Senior Scientist, Mahatma Gandhi Botanical Garden, GKVK for taking the lead in gathering the information. 4. Dr. Virender Singh, IFS, APCCF & Member Secretary, Karnataka Biodiversity Board for compiling the information and publishing. 5. Smt Sahana S. Hegde, Deputy Director (Horticulture), Karnataka Biodiversity Board for facilitation and convening the meetings. 6. Sri Pritham S, Research Associate (Zoology), Karnataka Biodiversity Board for coordination and cover page design. 7. Members of Publication Committee, Karnataka Biodiversity Board for various inputs and suggestions: a) Dr. M. Sanjappa, INSA Senior Scientist, Mahatma Gandhi Botanical Garden, GKVK, Bengaluru – 560 065. b) Prof. C. Kameswara Rao, Executive Secretary, FBAE, No. 1 Gupta’s layout, Southend Road, Bengaluru – 560 004. c) Prof. M. Narayana Swamy, Professor & Head, Dept. of Veterinary Physiology, Veterinary College, Hebbal, Bangalore – 560 024. d) Dr. S.N. Hegde, Former Professor & Chairman, Dept. of Zoology, University of Mysore, No. 109, Vikasa, 7th Main, 3rd Cross, Bogadi II Stage, Mysore – 570 026. e) Dr. B.N. Manjunatha, Professor of Agricultural Extension and Editor, Communication Centre, UAS, GKVK, Bengaluru – 560 065. f) Smt Sahana S. Hegde, Deputy Director (Horticulture), Karnataka Biodiversity Board, Malleshwaram, 18th Cross, Bengaluru – 560 003. 8. Dr. A.N Sringeswara, Curator, Mahatma Gandhi Botanical Garden, GKVK, Bengaluru – 560 065 for preparation of index, photo plates & proof reading, Composition of the Board The present Board has been constituted vide order No: FEE 203 ENV 2016, Bengaluru. Dated: 13.02.2017. Sl. Board Members Designation No 1 Sri Ananth Hegde Ashisara, Chairman, Karnataka Biodiversity Board, Chairman Ground Floor, Vanavikas, 18th Cross, Malleshwaram, Bengaluru – 560 003. 2 Sri Sandeep Dave, IAS, Additional Chief Secretary to Government, Forest, Ex-officio Member Ecology and Environment Department, MS Building, Bengaluru-01. 3 Sri Vijay Kumar Gogi, IFS, Principal Secretary to Government, Forest, Ex-officio Member Ecology and Environment Department, MS Building, Bengaluru-1. 4 Sri Rajender Kumar Kataria, IAS, Secretary to Government, Department Ex-officio Member of Agriculture, MS Building – 560 001. 5 Sri Punati Sridhar, IFS, Principal Chief Conservator of Forests (HoFF), Ex-officio Member Aranya Bhavan, 18th Cross, Malleshwaram, Bengaluru – 560 003. 6 Smt Meenakshi Negi, IFS, Commissioner, Department of AYUSH, Ex-officio Member Dhanvantari Road, Ananda Rao Circle, Bengaluru – 560 009. 7 Dr. C. G. Kushalappa, Dean Forestry, University of Agriculture and Non-officio Member Horticultural Sciences (Shivamogga), College of Forestry (Ponnampet), Kunda Road, Ponnampet – 571 216. 8 Dr. M. Mahadeva Murthy, Professor, Dept. of Forestry and Environmental Non-officio Member Science, UAS, GKVK, Bengaluru – 560 065. 9 Dr. Jayakara Bhandary M, Associate Professor, Dept. of Botany, Non-officio Member Government First Grade College, Car Street, Mangaluru – 575 001. 10 Prof. M. Narayana Swamy, Professor & Head, Dept. of Veterinary Non-officio Member Physiology, Veterinary College, Hebbal, Bengaluru – 560 024. 11 Dr. Niranjana Murthy, Professor & Scheme Head, AICRP on Potential Non-officio Member Crops, RIOF Building, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore – 560 065. 12 Smt Anita K. Arekal, IFS, Additional Principal Chief Conservator of Special Invitee Forests (Social Forestry), Aranya Bhavan, 18th Cross, Malleshwaram, Bengaluru – 560 003. 13 Sri B.T. Khanapure, Drugs Controller, Drugs Control Department Palace Special Invitee Road, Near Karnataka Public Service Commission, Bengaluru – 560 001. 14 Dr. Virender Singh, IFS, Member Secretary, Karnataka Biodiversity Member Secretary - th Board, Ground Floor, Vanavikas, 18 Cross, Malleshwaram, Bengaluru – Convener 560 003. Flora of Karnataka, A Checklist Volume 1 : Algae, Fungi, Lichens, Bryophytes & Pteridophytes CONTENTS Page No. 1. Algae of Karnataka – A checklist…………………………… 1 - 185 R.K. Gupta & S.K. Das 2. Fungi of Karnataka – A checklist…………………………… 186 - 313 J.R.Sharma and Deepa Mishra 3. Lichens of Karnataka – A checklist………………………….314 - 398 K. P. Singh 4. Bryophytes of Karnataka – A checklist………………………400 - 453 D. K. Singh, M. Sanjappa, S. K. Singh & D. Singh 5. Pteridophytes of Karnataka – A checklist……………………454 - 490 P. K. Rajagopal 6. Index………………………………………………………….491 - 562 Algae of Karnataka A Checklist R.K. Gupta & S.K. Das Cryptogamic Section, Botanical Survey of India, P.O. Botanic Garden Howrah 711 103, West Bengal Support by Karnataka Biodiversity Board 1 INTRODUCTION Algae are simple photosynthetic forms that lack embryogenesis. Algae are ubiquitous, a multitude of species ranging from microscopic unicellular to gigantic kelps inhabit the world's oceans, freshwater bodies, soils, rocks and trees and are responsible for most of the global production of organic matter by photosynthesis. They are major carbon-assimilating organisms. Thus they play a fundamental role in the world's ecosystems and a reliable and modern introduction to their kaleidoscopic diversity, systematic and phylogeny is indispensable. Algae are highly diversified group of plant with enormous economic implications not only as primary producers and pollution indicators but also as a source of several natural products like biofertiliser, biofuels, chemicals. In India ca. 7284 species (15.33 % of Indian Flora) belonging to 738 genera under 206 families have been recorded so far. In Karnataka state, a total of 1761 taxa belonging to 109 families of the classes Cyanophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Xanthophyceae, Chrysophyceae, Euglenophyceae, Dinophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Phaeophyceae and Rhodophyceae. Out of these, 100 taxa are endemic to Karnataka and 46 taxa are endemic to India. Class Numbers of taxa Numbers of Numbers of taxa Numbers of taxa families endemic to endemic to India Karnataka Bacillariophyceae 632 37 25 7 Chlorophyceae 505 27 47 11 Chrysophyceae 20 4 1 - Cyanophyceae 455 15 25 27 Dinophyceae 2 2 - - Euglenophyceae 86 2 1 - Phaeophyceae 25 7 - - Rhodophyceae 35 14 1 1 Xanthophyceae 1 1 - - Total 1761 109 100 46 Despite the fact that algal documentation is limited to areas where a few algalogists worked in universities and colleges, the classes Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae and Cyanophyceae were recorded with 632, 505 and 455 species respectively. Among the chlorophytes, desmids are dominating, but the filamentous conjugales like Spirogyra, Zygnema, Mougeotia, Sirogonium, Zygnemopsis, etc., which are dominant in lentic and lotic freshwater systems in India, are scantily recorded from the state. Spirogyra jogensis is the only recorded species of the genus by M.O.P. Iyengar in 1958. It shows the least indulgence of subsequent researchers in study of this group. 2 Class : CYANOPHYCEAE* Family : CAPSOSIRACEAE Stauromatonema Frémy Stauromatonema viride Frémy, Myxophyc. Afr. équat. franc. 390. 1929. Distribution:
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    (topsheet) Myconet Volume 14 Part One. Outine of Ascomycota – 2009 Part Two. Notes on ascomycete systematics. Nos. 4751 – 5113. Fieldiana, Botany H. Thorsten Lumbsch Dept. of Botany Field Museum 1400 S. Lake Shore Dr. Chicago, IL 60605 (312) 665-7881 fax: 312-665-7158 e-mail: [email protected] Sabine M. Huhndorf Dept. of Botany Field Museum 1400 S. Lake Shore Dr. Chicago, IL 60605 (312) 665-7855 fax: 312-665-7158 e-mail: [email protected] 1 (cover page) FIELDIANA Botany NEW SERIES NO 00 Myconet Volume 14 Part One. Outine of Ascomycota – 2009 Part Two. Notes on ascomycete systematics. Nos. 4751 – 5113 H. Thorsten Lumbsch Sabine M. Huhndorf [Date] Publication 0000 PUBLISHED BY THE FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 2 Table of Contents Abstract Part One. Outline of Ascomycota - 2009 Introduction Literature Cited Index to Ascomycota Subphylum Taphrinomycotina Class Neolectomycetes Class Pneumocystidomycetes Class Schizosaccharomycetes Class Taphrinomycetes Subphylum Saccharomycotina Class Saccharomycetes Subphylum Pezizomycotina Class Arthoniomycetes Class Dothideomycetes Subclass Dothideomycetidae Subclass Pleosporomycetidae Dothideomycetes incertae sedis: orders, families, genera Class Eurotiomycetes Subclass Chaetothyriomycetidae Subclass Eurotiomycetidae Subclass Mycocaliciomycetidae Class Geoglossomycetes Class Laboulbeniomycetes Class Lecanoromycetes Subclass Acarosporomycetidae Subclass Lecanoromycetidae Subclass Ostropomycetidae 3 Lecanoromycetes incertae sedis: orders, genera Class Leotiomycetes Leotiomycetes incertae sedis: families, genera Class Lichinomycetes Class Orbiliomycetes Class Pezizomycetes Class Sordariomycetes Subclass Hypocreomycetidae Subclass Sordariomycetidae Subclass Xylariomycetidae Sordariomycetes incertae sedis: orders, families, genera Pezizomycotina incertae sedis: orders, families Part Two. Notes on ascomycete systematics. Nos. 4751 – 5113 Introduction Literature Cited 4 Abstract Part One presents the current classification that includes all accepted genera and higher taxa above the generic level in the phylum Ascomycota.
  • Occurrence and Prevalence of Insect Pathogens in Populations of the Codling Moth, Cydia Pomonella L.: a Long-Term Diagnostic Survey

    Occurrence and Prevalence of Insect Pathogens in Populations of the Codling Moth, Cydia Pomonella L.: a Long-Term Diagnostic Survey

    Insects 2013, 4, 425-446; doi:10.3390/insects4030425 OPEN ACCESS insects ISSN 2075-4450 www.mdpi.com/journal/insects/ Review Occurrence and Prevalence of Insect Pathogens in Populations of the Codling Moth, Cydia pomonella L.: A Long-Term Diagnostic Survey Gisbert Zimmermann , Alois M. Huger and Regina G. Kleespies * Julius Kühn-Institute (JKI), Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Biological Control, Heinrichstrasse 243, Darmstadt D-64287, Germany; E-Mails: [email protected] (G.Z.); [email protected] (A.M.H.) These authors are already retired. * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +49-6151-407-226; Fax: +49-6151-407-290. Received: 14 May 2013; in revised form: 15 July 2013 / Accepted: 16 July 2013 / Published: 2 August 2013 Abstract: About 20,550 larvae, pupae and adults of the codling moth, Cydia pomonella L., were diagnosed for pathogens during long-term investigations (1955±2012) at the Institute for Biological Control in Darmstadt, Germany. The prevailing entomopathogens diagnosed in these studies were insect pathogenic fungi, especially Beauveria bassiana and Isaria farinosa, the microsporidium, Nosema carpocapsae, the Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV), as well as mostly undetermined bacteria. While the CpGV was observed exclusively in larvae and pupae from laboratory colonies or from field experiments with this virus, entomopathogenic fungi were most frequently diagnosed in last instars in autumn and in diapausing larvae and pupae in spring. B. bassiana was identified as the major fungal pathogen, causing larval prevalences of 0.9% to 100% (mean, about 32%). During prognostic long-term studies in larvae and adults of C.
  • Karnataka Biodiversity Board

    Karnataka Biodiversity Board

    Karnataka Biodiversity Board Proceedings of the 15th board meeting held on 30/09/2010 – 11.00 AM The 15th Board Meeting was held on 30.09.2010 in the chamber of the Hon’ble Minister for Environment and Ecology, Harbor and Inland water Transport and Chairperson, Karnataka Biodiversity Board. The following Members were present: 1. Sri. Krishna Palemar, Hon’ble Minister for ………….Chairman Environment and Ecology, Harbor and inland water Transport, Vikasa Soudha, Bangalore. 2. Sri. Ananth Hegde Asisar, Chairman, Western Ghat ………….Co-Chairman Task force, Vidhana Soudha, Bangalore 3. Sri. Kanwar Pal, IFS, Secretary to government ………..…Member (Ecology and Environment) Forest, Ecology and Environment Dept. M.S.Buildings, Bangalore. 4. Dr. M.D. Subhash Chandra, Environment Specialist, ………….Member Kumuta, Uttara Kannada District 5. Deputy Secretary, Agriculture dept on behalf of Principle Secretary. Agriculture and horticulture department 6. Dr. R.C.Prajapati IFS, APCCF, ……Member Secretary Karnataka Biodiversity Board, Bangalore The following Members were absent: 1. Smt. Meera Saksena, IAS Additional Chief Secretary …………..Member to Government, Forest, Ecology and Environment Dept, M.S.Buildings, Bangalore. 2. Sri. Srikantaiah, IFS. Director, Indian System of …………..Member Medicine and Homeopathy, Dhanvanthri Road, Anand Rao Circle, Bangalore 3. Sri.D.K.Ved, IFS (Retd) Advisor, FRLHT, Govt. of India. Jarkbande, Yelahanka Bangalore. 4. Sri. Indu B.Srivastava, Principal Chief Conservator …………..Member of Forests, Aranya Bhavan, Bangalore. 5. Prof. R. Sukumar, Chairman, Centre for Ecological …………..Member Sciences, Bangalore 1. Reading and recording of 14th Board Meeting held on 02.07.2010. Board was informed that comments were received from secretary (Ecology & Environment) on financial assistance to Pilikula Nisarga Dhama (R) Society same were incorporated and revised proceeding was circulated.